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While some chemists treat "by-product" and "side-product" as synonyms in the above sense of a generic secondary (untargeted) product, others find it useful to distinguish between the two. When the two terms are distinguished, "by-product" is used to refer to a product that is not desired but
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to indicate that although they are secondary, they are desired products. For example, hides and leather may be called co-products of beef production. There is no strict distinction between by-products and co-products.
176:; in contrast, "side-product" is used to refer to a product that is formed from a competitive process that could, in principle, be suppressed by an optimization of reaction conditions.
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122:. By-products also, by convention, are not inventoried, but the NRV from by-products is typically recognized as "other income", or as a reduction of
118:". Because they are deemed to have no influence on reported financial results, by-products do not receive allocations of
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335:. Environmental Issues in Logistics and Manufacturing. Singapore: Springer Science & Business Media. p. 7.
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149:(which involve similar revenues to the main product), by-products (which result in smaller revenues), and
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Muthu, Subramanian
Senthilkannan; Li, Yi (2013). "Manufacturing Processes of Grocery Shopping Bags".
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or burned for disposal, but in other cases, it can be used as a nutritious ingredient in
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Assessment of
Environmental Impact by Grocery Shopping Bags: An Eco-Functional Approach
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A by-product can be useful and marketable or it can be considered waste: for example,
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also started as a by-product of oil refining. By-products are sometimes called
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Wouters, Mark; Selto, Frank H.; Hilton, Ronald W.; Maher, Michael W. (2012):
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United States – Final dumping determination on softwood lumber from Canada
396:"BIOMITRE Technical Manual, Horne, R. E. and Matthews, R., November 2004"
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inevitably results from molecular fragments of starting materials and/or
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Plastic is obtained as a by-product from the oil refining process
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In the context of production, a by-product is the "output from a
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42:; it is not the primary product or service being produced.
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is a secondary product derived from a production process,
19:"Side product" redirects here. For similar uses, see
367:Cost Management: Strategies for Business Decisions
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369:, International Edition, McGraw-Hill, p. 535.
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141:by defining four different product types: "
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248:from fruit juice or olive oil production
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155:(which provide little or no revenue)."
126:costs when the by-product is produced.
16:Secondary product of an item or process
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168:that are not incorporated into the
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428:"On Byproducts and Side Products"
278:from sugar or ethanol production
230:from soap or biodiesel production
110:that is minor in quantity and/or
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81:that later became a desirable
49:, which is a byproduct of the
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114:(NRV) when compared with the
21:Side effect (disambiguation)
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131:International Energy Agency
124:joint production processing
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379:World Trade Organization
108:joint production process
77:was once a byproduct of
214:from ethanol production
284:from cheese production
272:from beer fermentation
254:from lumber production
242:from wine fermentation
208:from butter production
172:, as a consequence of
89:. The plastic used in
432:Org. Process Res. Dev
426:Watson, Will (2012).
266:from grain harvesting
192:from sugar production
139:life-cycle assessment
91:plastic shopping bags
236:from wool processing
224:from coal combustion
174:conservation of mass
112:net realizable value
300:By-product synergy
202:from flour milling
137:in the context of
445:10.1021/op300317g
438:(12): 1877–1877.
260:from smelting ore
212:distillers grains
180:Common byproducts
40:chemical reaction
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401:. Archived from
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305:Circular economy
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152:waste products
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408:on 2011-07-26
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410:. Retrieved
403:the original
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346:. Retrieved
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295:Main product
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159:In chemistry
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102:In economics
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79:oil refining
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466:By-products
147:co-products
120:joint costs
95:co-products
71:animal feed
38:process or
412:2011-02-16
316:References
222:bottom ash
206:buttermilk
135:by-product
87:motor fuel
67:human food
28:by-product
83:commodity
63:composted
32:byproduct
460:Category
381:(2004):
289:See also
252:saw dust
228:glycerol
190:molasses
166:reagents
75:Gasoline
348:27 July
276:vinasse
234:lanolin
218:fly ash
186:bagasse
51:milling
339:
246:pomace
406:(PDF)
399:(PDF)
264:straw
59:flour
55:wheat
350:2019
337:ISBN
282:whey
270:trub
258:slag
240:lees
220:and
200:germ
198:and
196:bran
188:and
129:The
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440:doi
85:as
69:or
53:of
30:or
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