2003:"Three essential positions were found in the constitution of the Revolutionary Organization: purpose, composition and means. As a goal, as stated above, the autonomy of Macedonia was accepted, and as a member of the Organization it was allowed that every Bulgarian, from any region, could be a member of the organization, after being baptized according to the established formula - a curse before gospel and dagger as a symbol of responsibility before God and the homeland, and that by conviction, but not against one's will. That decision to accept only Bulgarians as members of the Organization was dictated by the essence and character of the conspiracy, which is why at first it was necessary to recruit members from those environments that were the most oppressed, intellectually and morally elevated, firm and durable in character. In that respect, the Bulgarian people were the most suitable and reliable element and at the same time represented the majority in the country so that the Revolutionary Organization could rely on it without great risks. After all, the founders of the conspiracy came from the middle of the Bulgarian people, so that affinity was very natural for them. They did not hesitate to include even their parents, brothers, etc. in the Organization. in the lines of the conspiracy." ΠΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡ Π₯ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΈ, "ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠ° ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΠ½Π° ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ° ΠΈ Π΄-Ρ Π₯ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎ Π’Π°ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π²", "ΠΠΈΡΠ»Π°ΡΠ° Π·Π° ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΠΎΡ Π½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄; ΠΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠ° ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΠ½Π° ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ°", Π‘ΠΊΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅, 2017 Π³.
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Bulgarians were accepted as members of the committees. However, such a decision was precisely in accordance with the conditions under which it was worked. At that time, the revolutionary idea had to endure a very painful struggle, first of all, with the exarchy and its numerous organs in the country. It therefore had to become common to the nationally self-conscious
Bulgarian majority, so that it could then find its way in the midst of elements on which all kinds of gold and silver propaganda had exerted an extremely corrupting influence. However, the revolutionaries could not avoid occasional clashes with the said propaganda, as a result of which they went to great extremes. And often the struggle took even a dark chauvinistic color. Gotze - a man of too broad views, raises his hand for the article in question in the statute without any reservations. But this should not surprise us, because he was also a practical figure in the strictest sense. Later, as the circumstances changed, Gotze was the first to insist that the statute be amended as well. Then the revolutionary organization noted that in order to achieve the pursued goal, all the oppressed nationalities in the country should be united 6. And now the Bulgarian, the Greek, and anyone who would be able to bring some benefit to the liberation cause could be a co-conspirator.
375:(1872-1931), the first statute and regulations were printed in a very limited quantity in Thessaloniki after 1894. According to Gyurov's claims, he had hidden one copy each of the statutes and regulations, but he did not manage to keep them because they fell apart due to poor storage conditions. It is known that the first statute was prepared by Petar Poparsov and was adopted at the beginning of 1894, and according to some reports, the first regulations were developed by Ivan Hadzhinikolov either in the same year or in 1895. The data presented by Gyurov has raised the question of whether the foundational documents of the Organization were really printed in Thessaloniki for the first time. It is known also that another early statute and regulations adopted in 1896, were printed in Sofia in 1897, by Gyorche Petrov and Gotse Delchev. According to Gyorche Petrov, before the drafting of the second statute and regulations in 1896, there were available others, which were still in use, that suggests there were earlier printed statutes and regulations after all.
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BMARC was used between 1894 and 1896. Today some
Bulgarian researchers assume the first unofficial name of the organization during 1894-1896 was Macedonian Revolutionary Organization or Macedonian Revolutionary Committee. However, despite the name MRO is present in some contemporary sources, neither statutes nor regulations, or other basic documents with such names have not yet been found. Other Bulgarian researchers suppose that the founding statute of the IMRO still hasn't been discovered or it hasn't survived. Thus, the first preserved statute of the organization is that of the BMARC. Other Bulgarian historians do not accept the view of Pandev and continue to adhere to that of Katardziev, i.e., the first statutory name of the organization from 1894 was BMARC. Bulgarian researchers also maintain that KatardΕΎiev himself had some manifestations when he publicly claimed the IMRO revolutionaries had Bulgarian self-awareness.
2991:". This hand of hers rests on a plinth, on which is depicted a lion standing enraged and wearing a crown. With her left hand, the woman holds a shield, which rests on her left knee. On it, on the left side, is written "Macedonia", and on the opposite right side, in very small font, is written "1896". This, according to him, confirms Konstantin Pandev's assumption from 1969, which is based on other indirect arguments, that the year in which the statutes and rules of the BMARC were drawn up and printed was 1896. At the woman's feet lies a broken Ottoman flag with the crescent moon and torn rings of iron chain. For more: ΠΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠ° ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ (1893-1919 Π³.) ΠΠΎΠΊΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈ (ΡΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΠΈ, ΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ°ΡΠΈ, Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠΆΠ½ΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈ, Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π΄Π±ΠΈ, ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΏΠΈΡΠΌΠ°). Π’. Π, Ρ. 1 ΠΈ 2. Π‘ΡΡΡ. Π¦. ΠΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈ, Π. ΠΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°. Π£Π "Π‘Π². ΠΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΡ
ΡΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΊΠΈ", 2007,
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According to
Macedonian specialist Ivan Katardziev, the Organization never bore an official name MRO. In Tatarchev's own recollections from 1936 he maintains that in the first statute, the membership was allowed for every Bulgarian, and that the possibility for membership of other nationalities was open in 1896 in a new statute. Tatarchev also clarified that the word "Bulgarian" was subsequently dropped from the name of the Organization, because the autonomous principle, required the founders to avoid everything that aroused suspicion of nationalism among the other nationalities. It seems he had mix up in his different memoires the circumstances from the first and from the second congresses of IMRO, hold in 1894 and 1896 respectively, when a different statutes were adopted.
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632:, Gotse Delchev participated in a congress of the Organization, which adopted a statute, almost a copy of the old Bulgarian revolutionary statute. It contained a special article according to which only Bulgarians were accepted as its members. According to Yavorov, Delchev voted in support of this article in question, which he believed was chauvinistic. Later, when the circumstances changed, Gotse was the first to insist that this article be amended, and this is what happened. In Ivan Hadzhinikolov's memoirs, is written that Petar Poparsov was assigned to draw up the first statute. In his memoirs, Dame Gruev recounts the founders grouped together and jointly drew up a statute modeled after the statute of the revolutionary organization in Bulgaria before the
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2130:"The revolutionary organization in European Turkey found its beginning in the middle of the 90s. The discontent that was due to the absolutist regime there grew more and more and finally a revolutionary Macedonian committee appeared as a necessity, which set itself the goal of organizing this dissatisfaction, i.e. the famous "Bulgarian Maced. Adrian. Revolut. Committee" appeared. This organization, according to its statute and regulations, was and remains strictly Bulgarian nationalist one. It aimed to organize the Bulgarians in European Turkey, through an armed general uprising, to win their freedom." Π‘ΠΏΠΈΡΠΎ ΠΡΠ»Π°Π±ΡΠ΅Π², "ΠΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅, ΠΊΠΎΠΈΡΠΎ Π·Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ
Π° ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ». ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π°Ρ Π½Π΅Π·Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ½Π°ΡΠΈ; ΠΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡΡΠ° (ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ β II ΡΠ°ΡΡ)" ΡΡΡ. 5.
879:
3116:"However, contrary to the impression of researchers who believe that the Internal organization espoused a "Macedonian national consciousness," the local revolutionaries declared their conviction that the "majority" of the Christian population of Macedonia is "Bulgarian." They clearly rejected possible allegations of what they call "national separatism" vis-a-vis the Bulgarians, and even consider it "immoral." Though they declared an equal attitude towards all the "Macedonian populations." Tschavdar Marinov, We the Macedonians, The Paths of Macedonian Supra-Nationalism (1878β1912), in "We, the People: Politics of National Peculiarity in Southeastern Europe" with Mishkova Diana as ed., Central European University Press, 2009,
2452:ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΡ ΡΡΠ°Π² Π²ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ° Π³ΠΎ Π°ΠΏΡΠΎΠ»Π²ΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ Π²ΠΎ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ: 1) ΠΠΎΡΠ΅Π³Π° Π½Π΅ Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ Π½ΠΈΡΡ Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊΠΎΡΠ° Π±ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ° Π½Π° ΠΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ° (Π¦Π΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»Π΅Π½ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ, ΠΠ°Π΄Π³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΡΠ²ΠΎ, ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠΆΠ½ΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ) Π½ΠΈΡΡ, ΠΏΠ°ΠΊ, ΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π΅ΡΠ·ΠΈΠ½ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎ ΠΠΠΠ Π; 2) ΠΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΊΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ² Π±ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ΅ Π³ΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ° Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎ ΡΠ²ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅, ΡΠΎΡ Π½Π΅ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎ ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅ Π±Π΅ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π²Π΅Π½ ΡΡΠΊΡ ΡΠ΅ Π³ΠΎ Π·Π°Π²Π»Π°Π΄Π΅Π΅ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡ... For more see: ΠΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ΅Π², Π. (2021). ΠΠΎΡΡΡΠ»Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ΡΠ΅, 1893-1908. In ΠΡΠ»Π°Π²ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°, Π. (ΡΡ.). ΠΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ·ΠΈ Π·Π° ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ° Π½Π° ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°. Π‘ΠΊΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅: ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠ° Π°ΠΊΠ°Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΡΠ° Π½Π° Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡe, 167-192.
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existed under this name until 1902. It is believed by them too, the first statute's swatch burned down in a fire in
Bucharest, and was irrevocably lost. However, when Pandev promoted this view in 1969, the memoirs of Lazar Gyurov, where he confirmed the publication of the first statute in 1894 in Thessaloniki, were still unknown. There are still Macedonian historians who acknowledge the existence of the name "ΠMARC" in the very early period of the Organization (1894β1896), but generally today in North Macedonia it is assumed that between 1894 and 1896 it was called MRO, while in 1896β1905 period the name of the organization was "SMARO". On October 10, 1900, the newspaper "
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the League of
Communists of Macedonia, and still continues to do so today, although with less ferocity... However, it is more important to say openly that a great deal of these anti-Bulgarian sentiments result from the need to distinguish between the Bulgarian and the Macedonian nations. Macedonia could confirm itself as a state with its own past, present and future only through differentiating itself from Bulgaria. For more see: Mirjana Maleska. With the eyes of the "other"(about Macedonian-Bulgarian relations and the Macedonian national identity). In New Balkan Politics, Issue 6, pp. 9β11. Peace and Democracy Center: "Ian Collins", Skopje, Macedonia, 2003.
999:
2389:"However, contrary to the impression of researchers who believe that the Internal organization espoused a "Macedonian national consciousness," the local revolutionaries declared their conviction that the "majority" of the Christian population of Macedonia is "Bulgarian." They clearly rejected possible allegations of what they call "national separatism" vis-a-vis the Bulgarians, and even consider it "immoral." Tschavdar Marinov, We the Macedonians, The Paths of Macedonian Supra-Nationalism (1878β1912), in "We, the People: Politics of National Peculiarity in Southeastern Europe" with Mishkova Diana as ed., Central European University Press, 2009,
2354:Π¦Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ° Π½Π°ΡΠ°ΡΠ° Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠ° Π²ΠΎ 1981 Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π° ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠ΅Π·Π°ΡΠ° Π·Π°ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΡΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΠΎΠ΄ Π΄ - Ρ ΠΠ²Π°Π½ ΠΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅Π² Π·Π° ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎ ΠΠΠΠ Π Π·Π° ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠ° ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΠ½Π° ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ° Π²ΠΎ Π΄Π²ΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΠ½Π°ΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ°: ΠΠΎΠΊΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈ Π·Π° Π±ΠΎΡΠ±Π°ΡΠ° Π½Π° ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΠΎΡ Π½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄ Π·Π° ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ ΠΈ Π·Π° Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π½Π° Π΄ΡΠΆΠ°Π²Π°", Π²ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° Π£Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΠ·ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡ "ΠΠΈΡΠΈΠ» ΠΈ ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ", Π€Π°ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π·Π° ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΎ-ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠΈ; ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ°ΡΠ° Π·Π° ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΎΡ Π·Π° Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π½Π° ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ°. For more see: Manol Pandevki, Dame Gruev vo makedonskoto nacionalnoosloboditelno dviΕΎenje: Trkalezna masa po povod 80-godiΕ‘ninata od zaginuvanjeto, noemvri 1986', Makedonska akademija na naukite i umetnostite (1989), str. 76.
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their nationality. Also, even in 1895, Gotse
Delchev was supplied with a power of attorney and sent to Sofia, as a representative of the "Bulgarian Central Macedonian-Adrianopolitan Revolutionary Committee". Based on the early 2000s discovery, that the cover of the BMARC rules were dated 1896, the problem when the BMARC regulations were printed, is claimed to be solved by the Bulgarian historian Tsocho Bilyarski. However, Hadzhinikolov points out that he prepared it in 1895. According to Tatarchev, in 1894 arose the need to develop an internal rulebook and this was done by Hadzhinikolov at the end of the same year.
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314:'s ΠΏemoirs, there were created two structures with the first statute from 1894: an organization and its central committee. He mentions as their names "Macedonian Revolutionary Organization" (MRO) and a "Central Macedonian Revolutionary Committee" (CMRC) and clarifies that the word "Bulgarian" was subsequently dropped from their names. It is not clear, if its first name was simply MRO, how the definition "Bulgarian" was dropped from it subsequently. However, Tatarchev notes that he doesn't remember the first name very clearly. On the other hand, according to the founding member
522:
program document of the
Organization was published in 1894 under the name "Statute of the Bulgarian Macedonian-Adrianopolitan Revolutionary Committees", and so it even was not called an organization. KatardΕΎiev, confirmed there was an overlapping of the texts of the statutes and regulations of BMARC and these of SMARO, and it was clear that when drafting these of SMARO, those of BMARC were used. Later that conclusion was confirmed, while corrected statute and rules of the BMARC were discovered in Bulgaria, which are practically drafts of the basic documents of the SMARO.
2061:. According to him, the organization would be: 1. secret and revolutionary; 2. its territory should consist of Macedonia within its geographical and ethnographic borders, which is why it will be called internal; 3. its members should be people who were born and live in Macedonia, regardless of religion and nationality; 4. the political credo of the organized Macedonians becomes the autonomy of Macedonia and 5. to preserve the independence of the organization, so that it does not fall under the influence of the policies of the governments of the neighboring free states.
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69:
301:. In thΠ΅ statute of BMARC, that itself is most probably the first one, the membership was reserved exclusively for Bulgarians. This ethnic restriction matches with the memoirs of some founding and ordinary members, where is mentioned such a requirement, set only in the Organization's first statute. The name of BMARC, as well as information about its statute, was mentioned in the foreign press of that time, in Bulgarian diplomatic correspondence, and exists in the memories of some revolutionaries and contemporaries.
3253:"ΠΠΎ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠΊΠ²Π°Π½Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π³ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°, ΠΊΠΎΠΉΡΠΎ ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅ Ρ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΡΠ° Π² ΡΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡΡΠ°, ΠΊΠΎΠΈΡΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎ ΠΈ Π½ΡΠΆΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΠ° Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄Π° ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΈ ΠΎΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΅Π΄Π½Π° Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Π° ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎ Π·Π° Π² Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ ΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Π² ΠΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡΡΠ° ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎ Π±ΡΠ»Π³Π°ΡΠΈ-Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠΈ." ΠΠ· ΠΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ» β 1 Π·Π° ΠΎΠ±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΡΠΎ Π½Π° Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΠΈΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΡΠ»Π³Π°ΡΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠ° Π½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½Π° ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΎβΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠ° ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΠΠΠ Π Π² Π΅Π΄Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅, Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΉΡΠΎ ΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ±Π²Π° Π΄Π° ΡΡΠΎΠΈ. Π‘ΠΎΡΠΈΡ, 26 ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈ 1911 Π³.
1307:"The Macedonian Revolutionary Organization used the Bulgarian standard language in all its programmatic statements and its correspondence was solely in the Bulgarian language...After 1944 all the literature of Macedonian writers, memoirs of Macedonian leaders, and important documents had to be translated from Bulgarian into the newly invented Macedonian." For more see: Bernard A. Cook ed., Europe Since 1945: An Encyclopedia, Volume 2, Taylor & Francis, 2001,
668:(1861-1915), in his report of 14.11.1902, attached a document in translation, which he designated as the new statute of the revolutionary organization. This document bears the title: "Statute of the Secret Macedonian-Adrianople Revolutionary Organization". It is identical to the document issued in 1902, according to Pandev, as well as with the statute, which according to Katardziev was compiled in 1897. At the same time the Serbian Consul General in Bitola
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Jews, and so on. While this message was taken aboard by many Vlachs as well as some
Patriarchist Slavs, it failed to impress other groups for whom the IMARO remained, as the British journalist and relief worker Henry Brailsford and others called it, the Bulgarian Committee. For more see: Bechev, Dimitar. Historical Dictionary of the Republic of Macedonia, Historical Dictionaries of Europe, Scarecrow Press, 2009,
503:. Per KatardΕΎiev the statute of the BMARC was the first statute and that was the first official name of the IMRO. According to him, the organization never bore as an official name the designation "Macedonian Revolutionary Organization" (MRO). Some international, Bulgarian and Macedonian researchers have adopted his view that this was the first statute, i.e. the first official name of the organization.
466:, the first IMRO statute was almost a copy of the old Bulgarian revolutionary statute and contained a special article according to which only Bulgarians were its members. According to Nikola Zografov in 1895 Gotse Delchev was supplied with a power of attorney from the name of the BMARC and sent to Sofia to propagate the struggle for autonomy that was open to every Bulgarian. Per
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110:
101:
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inconsistencies exist in the testimonies of the founding and other early members of the
Organization, which further complicates the solution of the problem. It is not yet clear whether the earliest statutory documents of the Organization have been discovered. Its earliest basic documents discovered for now, became known to the historical community during the early 1960s.
2240:ΠΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ, Π. (2022). βΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΊΠ° Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠ° ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠ° Π²ΠΎ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π΄ΡΠΆΠ°Π²Π½Π° Π½Π΅Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ Π½Π° Π Π΅ΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ°β, In ΠΡΠ΅Π², Π . (ΡΡ.), ΠΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅: ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄ ΡΡΠΊΠ°Π»Π΅Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ° ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΆΠ°Π½Π° Π½Π° 23.02.2022 Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ 75 Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ ΠΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡ Π·Π° ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ°. Π‘ΠΊΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅: Π£Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΠ·ΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ βΠ‘Π². ΠΠΈΡΠΈΠ» ΠΈ ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡβ Π²ΠΎ Π‘ΠΊΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅ - Π€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ, pp. 89-117.
2934:Π‘ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΠ°Π·Π°Ρ ΠΡΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ° Π·Π°Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΠΈΠ½Π². No 116 Π., Π. ΠΡΡΠΎΠ². ΠΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ°Π»Π½ΠΎ Π² ΠΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΌΡΠ·Π΅ΠΉ Π² Π³Ρ. ΠΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ Π² Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΡΠΎ Π½Π° 1980-ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΏΠ²Π° ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΈΡ ΠΎΡ ΡΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅, Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π· 1985 Π³. Π΅ Π΄Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡΡ. ΠΠΎΠΊΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΠ° Π΄Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΡ ΠΠ½Π°ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΡΡΠΎΠ², ΡΠΈΠ½ Π½Π° ΠΠ°Π·Π°Ρ ΠΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΠ° Π·Π°Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈ Π² ΠΈΠ½Π²Π΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠ° ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³Π° Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π» βΠΡΠ·ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½Π΅β ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΠΈΠ½Π². No 116, ΠΈ ΠΎΡ 212 Π΄ΠΎ 239.
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440:(1876-1947) initially the organization had a nationalist character and only Bulgarians had the right to be members of it, but this ethnic restriction lasted until 1896. According to Georgi Bazhdarov, who also confirmed the statute of BMARC as a first one, the Organization was opened to other nationalities besides Bulgarians after 1900. In the memoirs of
227:, as well as within the Macedonian historiographical community. The crucial question is to which degree the Organization had a Bulgarian ethnic character and when it tried to open itself to the other Balkan nationalities. As a whole, its founders were inspired by the earlier Bulgarian revolutionary traditions. All its basic documents were written in the
1944:ΠΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΡΡ Π. ΠΠΎΠΉΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ², ΠΡΠ»Π³Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ Π² Π½Π°ΠΉ-ΠΈΠ·ΡΠΎΡΠ½Π°ΡΠ° ΡΠ°ΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΠ°Π»ΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ² - ΠΠ·ΡΠΎΡΠ½Π° Π’ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ. ΠΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΠ». 23. ΠΠ΄ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΊΠ° Π’ΡΡΡΠΈΡ. ΠΠΎΠ½Π³ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΡΠ»Π³Π°ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ (ΠΠΠΠ Π) Π² Π‘ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ (1896 Π³.) ΠΠ±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎ ΠΈ Π’ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΠ "ΠΠΎΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ΅", Π‘ΠΎΡΠΈΡ 2002.
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Macedonians' from geographic
Macedonia β together with 'ethnic Bulgarians' from the Vilajet of Adrianople. In these cases, a present-day reality is projected wholesale into the past. For more see: Kyril Drezov, Macedonian identity: an overview of the major claims in The New Macedonian Question with J. Pettifer as ed., Springer, 1999,
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Revolovut. Committees" it was written that its goal was "autonomy of Macedonia and Adrianople", and in order to achieve this goal, the "consciousness of self-defense in the Bulgarian population" had to be awakened in both areas and that "members of the Organization could be only Bulgarians", and this situation lasted until after 1900.
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136:(1869 - 1931). Per Zografov as early as 1895, Gotse Delchev was supplied with a power of attorney and sent to Sofia, from the name of the "Bulgarian Central Macedonian-Adrianopolitan Revolutionary Committee". This suggests that at that time the organization already bore the name BMARC and the Adrianopolitan area was in its scope.
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unprotestingly carry out its orders; that I will betray to no one, neither by word nor by deed the secret to which I wed myself today and all that I shall see, hear and understand concerning the Cause from today on. If I break my oath, let me be killed by one of the comrades with the revolver or the dagger which here I kiss."
709:, it failed to attract other groups for whom the IMRO remained the Bulgarian Committee. According to Hristo Tatarchev, founders' demand for autonomy was motivated by concerns that a direct unification with Bulgaria would provoke the rest of the Balkan states and the Great Powers to military actions. In their discussion the
117:'s manuscript from 1904 "The causes that gave rise to the revolutionary organization remain unexplored; (Part II "The Organization"). The text discusses the statute and regulations of BMARC. In the excerpt, Art. 19, Art. 14 and Art. 15 of the Regulations are quoted verbatim. Art. 15 describes the oath of the Organization.
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96:(1875-1924). Here, the author insists that the first statute of the Organization, was that of BMARC. Verbatim are quoted Art. 1 and Art. 2 of the statute. The content of Art. 3 is partially quoted too. It is explained also that only after 1900 the Organization was opened to other nationalities besides Bulgarians.
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In Macedonia, post-WWII generations grew up "overdosed" with strong anti-Bulgarian sentiment, leading to the creation of mainly negative stereotypes for Bulgaria and its nation. The anti-Bulgariansim (or Bulgarophobia) increased almost to the level of state ideology during the ideological monopoly of
689:
Per Article 3 of the statute of BMARC: "Membership is open to any Bulgarian, irrespective of sex, who has not compromised himself in the eyes of the community by dishonest and immoral actions, and who promises to be of service in some way to the revolutionary cause of liberation." The next statute of
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in 1900, the changes in the statute of SMARO were already fact and were discussed at a meetings with the local IMRO-activists, where his father was present. Also, Macedonian historians point to the fact that a copy of the "SMARO" statute was kept in London since 1898. In 1905 the organization changed
580:
Bulgarian historians see the statute and the regulations of BMARC as a confirmation of the Bulgarian ethnic character of the organization. The aim of the Committees per Art. 2 of their statute was to raise the consciousness for self-defense among the Bulgarian population in both regions in order that
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published undated statute and regulations discovered by him, naming the organization BMARC, which he dated from 1894. The discovered documents are kept since then at the Institute of National History in Skopje. Originals of the statute and the regulations of BMARC were found in 1967 also in Bulgaria.
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or Petar Poparsov discovered in Bulgaria. The Organization changed its name and dropped 'Bulgarian' from it, appealing to all dissatisfied elements, regardless of their nationality, to win through a revolution, political autonomy for Macedonia and Adrianople regions. According to KatardΕΎiev, there is
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Per Atanas Vangeli this extreme nationalist attitude is labeled "Bulgarophobia", but is also known as "B-complex". For more see Anastas Vangeli, "Antiquity Musing: Reflections on the Greco-Macedonian Symbolic Contest over the Narratives of the Ancient Past" (MA thesis, Central European University,
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The acknowledgement of Bulgarian influence on Macedonian history is highly problematic to many Macedonians because it clashes with the Yugo-Macedonian narratives. Especially after the TitoβStalin split of 1948, the cornerstone of Macedonian national identity and historiography had been the notion of
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The political and military leaders of the Slavs of Macedonia at the turn of the century seem not to have heard the call for a separate Macedonian national identity; they continued to identify themselves in a national sense as Bulgarians rather than Macedonians. (They) never seem to have doubted "the
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The IMARO activists saw the future autonomous Macedonia as a multinational polity, and did not pursue the self-determination of Macedonian Slavs as a separate ethnicity. Therefore, Macedonian (and also Adrianopolitan) was an umbrella term covering Bulgarians, Turks, Greeks, Vlachs, Albanians, Serbs,
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The text of the oath begins as follows: "I swear by God, my faith and my honor that I will fight to the death for the freedom of the Bulgarians in Macedonia and Adrianople region..." For more see: ΠΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ Π’Π΅ΡΠ·ΠΈΠ΅Π², ΠΡΠ»Π³Π°ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡΡ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅Ρ Π½Π° ΡΠ»Π°Π²ΡΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ, Π£Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΊΠΎ ΠΈΠ·Π΄-Π²ΠΎ "Π‘Π².
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The "Adrianopolitan" part of the organization's name indicates that its agenda concerned not only Macedonia but also Thrace β a region whose Bulgarian population is by no means claimed by Macedonian nationalists today. Marinov, Tchavdar. We, the Macedonians: The Paths of Macedonian Supra-Nationalism
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Bulgarian historians for their part, such as Konstantin Pandev (the first to introduce a periodization based on the names), insist that BMORK lasted longer and this proves the essential Bulgarian character of the movement. For more see: Alexis Heraclides, The Macedonian Question and the Macedonians:
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The basic documents of the Πrganization under its earliest names, i.e. Bulgarian Macedonian Adrianople Revolutionary Committees (BMARC) and Secret Macedonian-Adrianopolitan Revolutionary Orgazation (SMARO) were nearly unknown until the 1960s to the historical researchers. In 1955, the historian Ivan
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The revolutionary committee dedicated itself to fight for "full political autonomy for Macedonia and Adrianople." Since they sought autonomy only for those areas inhabited by Bulgarians, they denied other nationalities membership in IMRO. According to Article 3 of the statutes, "any Bulgarian could
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this idea remained a Bulgarian, until it disappeared even among the Bulgarians, while any other nationality didn't accept it. In 1911, it passed a new decision according to which again only members of Bulgarian nationality would be admitted to the organization. Although this change was not included
611:
In 1969 the Bulgarian historian Konstantin Pandev promoted the view that the designation BMARC lasted from 1896 until 1902, when it was changed to SMARO, a view adopted by some international and Bulgarian historians. Until then, Bulgarian historians shared KatardΕΎiiev's opinion that the designation
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in his "History of the Macedonian nation". He practically adopted the position of some from his Bulgarian colleagues, the first name of the Organization was MRO. Today many historians in North Macedonia question the authenticity of the statute of BMARC or reject its relation to the IMRO. They claim
521:
from its very name could be concluded this was initially an organization primarily of the Bulgarian population in Macedonia and Adrianople areas. Thus, per historian Krste Bitovski this was not only the first preserved statute but the original statute of IMRO. According to Manol Pandevski the basic
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Tchavdar Marinov, Famous Macedonia, the Land of Alexander: Macedonian identity at the crossroads of Greek, Bulgarian and Serbian nationalism; in Entangled Histories of the Balkans β Volume One: National Ideologies and Language Policies with Roumen Daskalov and Tchavdar Marinov as ed., BRILL, 2013,
2056:
From this first conversation about the goals and principles of the revolutionary organization, the opinions of the founders of the Organization, presented in the memories, are all opposite. The most detailed information about this discussion regarding the objectives of the Organization is given by
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has not being contested in North Macedonia today. Also, apart from the fact the statute allowed the membership only to Bulgarians, the regulations contain an oath which also confirms its Bulgarian character. Such an interpretation stems not only from the fact all documents of the Organization were
516:
KatardΕΎiev claimed that this was the first statute of the organization and under this name, it existed from 1894 until 1896 when it was changed to Secret Macedono-Adrianopolitan Revolutionary Organization (SMARO). In 1969, the name BMARC as the first one, was officially promoted as position of the
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A page from the memoirs of Hristo Tatarchev from 1936, where he described the adoption of the organization's first statute, claiming initially, it was allowed that every Bulgarian, from any region, to be its member. However, per him, the designation "Bulgarian" was dropped from it subsequently, to
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Tchavdar Marinov, Famous Macedonia, the Land of Alexander: Macedonian identity at the crossroads of Greek, Bulgarian and Serbian nationalism in Entangled Histories of the Balkans - Volume One: National Ideologies and Language Policies with Roumen Daskalov and Tchavdar Marinov as ed., BRILL, 2013,
1600:
Parvanova, Zorka. "6 Revolutionary and Paramilitary Networks in European Turkey: Ideological and Political Counteractions and Interactions (1878β1908)". Christian Networks in the Ottoman Empire: A Transnational History, edited by Eleonora Naxidou and Yura Konstantinova, Budapest, Hungary: Central
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The periodization of the Internal Organization's names is a matter of debate while both the BMARC and SMARO statutes were not dated. As mentioned above, it is believed by some Bulgarian historians that in 1896 the first and probably unofficial name MRO was changed to "BMARC", and the organization
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An example for this revisionist turn is the historian VanΔo Gjorgiev. In 1997 Gjorgiev himself confirmed the authenticity and the dating from 1894 of the statute of BMARC. Gjorgiev also published the Statutes and the Regulations of BMARC translated from Bulgarian into Macedonian language in 2013.
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In 1981, the Macedonian historiography for the first time publicly dissociated itself from the thesis advocated by Katardziev for the name BMARC in the first volume of the two-volume publication Documents for the struggle of the Macedonian people for independence and for a national state. In 1999
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Gotse went to the town "Y" and then to the town "X"; There usual annual assembly of prominent workers of the conspiracy was to be held. That assembly approved a statute of the revolutionary organization, almost a copy of the old Bulgarian one, very original with the provision that only exarchist
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Public Record Office β Foreign Office 78/4951 Turkey (Bulgaria). From Elliot. 1898; Π£ΡΡΠ°Π² Π½Π° Π’ΠΠΠ Π. S. 1. published in ΠΠΎΠΊΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈ Π·Π° Π±ΠΎΡΠ±Π°ΡΠ° Π½Π° ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΠΎΡ Π½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄ Π·Π° ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ ΠΈ Π·Π° Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π½Π° Π΄ΡΠΆΠ°Π²Π°, Π‘ΠΊΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅, Π£Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΠ·ΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ "ΠΠΈΡΠΈΠ» ΠΈ ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ":Π€Π°ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π·Π° ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΎ-ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠΈ, 1981, page 331 β
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Its first preserved statute is from the General Congress held in Thessaloniki in the spring of 1896. There, the organization was named the Bulgarian Macedonian-Adrianople Revolutionary Committees. For more: ΠΠ²Π° ΠΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°, Π¦ΠΎΡΠΎ ΠΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈ, ΠΠΠ, ΠΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΡΡ Π²ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡ (1917-1946) - Π’ΠΎΠΌ 2;
672:
wrote on January 25, 1903 that until the beginning of 1902, the work of the Committee had a purely Bulgarian character, while the local Serbs and Greeks were feared from its activity. At the end of 1902, however the Committee-members began to turn to all Christians for cooperation, regardless of
171:
Excerpt from page 69 of the unpublished book "Notes and Reflections on the Macedonian Nation" from 1959. The author is the activist of the left wing of IMRO Dimitar Popevtimov. He insists that the first name of IMRO according to the first statute of the organization from 1894 was BMARC, and only
104:
Excerpt from Art. 15 of the RegulatIons of the BMARC containing the oath of the Organization: "I swear by God, my faith and honor that I will fight to the death for the freedom of the Bulgarians in Macedonia and the Adrianople region, that I will submit unconditionally to the leadership and will
2111:
In his article "The Wars and the Macedonian Question", published in the magazine "Macedonia. Political, scientific and literary magazine, year I, book IV, Sofia, April 1922, Georgi Bazhdarov wrote about the first name of IMRO, in which "oldest, in its first" statute of the "Bulg. Macedon.-Adr.
2093:
In the beginning, the organization was nationalist. Only Bulgarians with proven honesty were accepted into its ranks. This situation existed until 1896, when in the first days of August in the city of Thessaloniki, a kind of congress took place. For more: "ΠΠΎΡΠ±ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π² ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ - Π‘ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ΅Ρ
1224:
In his memoirs from 1928 Tatarchev, when mentioning Organization's first name and structure, noted that he does not remember them very clearly, making the remark: "as far as I can remember." So far, no statutes or other basic documents with a similar name have been discovered from this period.
271:
church in the town in August 1894. It was decided at the meeting to preferably recruit teachers from the Bulgarian schools as committee members. Of the sixteen members who attended the groupβs first congress, fourteen were Bulgarian schoolteachers. Schoolteachers were en masse involved in the
3151:
The dogma of Macedonian historiography is that it was an 'ethnic Macedonian' organisation and the acronym IMARO has been routinely abbreviated in Macedonian historiography to IMRO to avoid difficult questions about the presence in the same organisations of people nowadays described as 'ethnic
915:
1101:
3311:
a distinct, non-Bulgarian, Macedonian national consciousness, leading to a profoundly anti-Bulgarian stance in politics and historiography. For more see: Reef, Paul. "Macedonian Monument Culture Beyond 'Skopje 2014'" Comparative Southeast European Studies, vol. 66, no. 4, 2018, pp. 451-480.
204:
is uncertain and is a subject to dispute among researchers. The dispute also includes its first name and ethnic character, as well as the authenticity, dating, validity, and authorship of its supposed first statute. Certain contradictions and even mutually exclusive statements, along with
2479:
As a Bulgarian historian, Pandev underlined the fact that, since its foundation the organization chose its Bulgarian identity by selecting the name "Bulgarian revolutionary committees." For more see: Nadine Lange-Akhund, The Macedonian Question, 1893-1908, from Western Sources, 1998
690:
SMARO opened membership in the Organization to every Macedonian or Adrianopolitan, regardless of their ethnic origin. The IMRO members saw then the future of Macedonia as a multinational community, and did not aim at a separate Macedonian ethnicity, but understood "Macedonian" as an
144:
Excerpt from p. 103 of the memoirs of Hristo Tatarchev from 1928, where he described the adoption of the organization's first statute. He claims, it was modelled after the statute of the earlier BRCC. He also states, its first name was MRO, but leaving the remark: "as far, as I can
3481:ΠΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠ° ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ (1893-1919 Π³.) ΠΠΎΠΊΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈ (ΡΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΠΈ, ΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ°ΡΠΈ, Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠΆΠ½ΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈ, Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π΄Π±ΠΈ, ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΏΠΈΡΠΌΠ°). Π’. Π, Ρ. 1 ΠΈ 2. Π‘ΡΡΡ. Π¦. ΠΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈ, Π. ΠΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°. Π£Π "Π‘Π². ΠΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΡ
ΡΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΊΠΈ", 2007,
1324:
Bulgarian researcher Tsocho Bilyarski claims that the corrections were made by Delchev, but according to the Bulgarian historian Dino Kyosev, this handwriting is Poparsov's style. For more see: Π¦ΠΎΡΠΎ ΠΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈ, ΠΡΠ΅ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΏΡΡ Π·Π° ΠΏΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΠΈ ΠΈ Π·Π° ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎ Π½Π° ΠΠΠΠ Π ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ
1058:
555:. Or, as the historian Dimitar Dimeski claimed, even without to mention the name "BMARC", per its first statute, the organization had a nationalist character. It was the result of intolerance, external influence and lack of experience. On the other hand, the existence of the
3022:
points out: "finally we decided that we should write a rules and I was instructed in 1895 to prepare them." For more: Π . ΠΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ, Π‘ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π²Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎ Π½Π° ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠ° ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΠ½Π° ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ° ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΡΠ·ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠ° ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΡ (1893-1895), ΠΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ° XXII/1, Π‘ΠΊΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅ 198Π, ΡΡΡ.
378:
The first statute allowed the membership only for Bulgarians and this is confirmed by Tatarchev in his memoirs from 1936 as follows: "it was allowed that every Bulgarian, from any region, could be a member", as well as in the memoirs of other revolutionaries. According to
3597:: "We inform you, that on April, 22 (5 May 1903), in the village of Banitsa one of the leaders of the Bulgarian Committees, with name Delchev, was killed". Tashev, Spas., Some Authentic Turkish Documents About Macedonia, International Institute for Macedonia, Sofia, 1998.
1342:
The change was reflected in the revised IO statutes of 1902 which dropped 'Bulgarian' from the title ; this was now TMORO , and appealed to all dissatisfied elements in Macedonia, not merely Bulgarian ones. For more see: Hugh Poulton, Who are the Macedonians? 2000,
3408:
According to a note left by the historian Lyubomir Panayotov, the editor of Hristo Karamandzhukov's memoirs, the BMARC regulations were found in the revolutionary's archive. They were issued in 1898, and were replaced by a new ones in 1902, however in the
2986:
According to Bilyarski, the covers of both documents are equal. Since he did not have the original statute, he carefully studied the cover of the rules. There in the middle is a seated woman. In her right hand the woman holds a flag on which is written
640:
also tells about the writing of the statutes in his memoirs. According to him, initially a short statute drafted by Dame Gruev was in force. It was decided to draw up a new complete statute and regulations. Petrov do it in Sofia, together with Delchev.
162:
Excerpt from p. 14 of Autonomous Macedonia (1919) where Vladislav Kovachev maintains that the first statute of the IMRO allowed the membership only for Bulgarians within a special article. Later this status was changed but only a few Vlachs joined the
3606:"ΠΠ° Π΄Π²Π°Π΅ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΈ Π²ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΡ Π΄Π΅Π½ ΠΎΠ΄ Π°ΠΏΡΠΈΠ» (5 ΠΌΠ°j) Π²ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΡΠΎ ΠΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ° Π²ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π½Π° ΠΌΡΡΠΎΠ² Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ ΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠ΅Π»Π½ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ Π½Π° Π±ΡΠ³Π°ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ ΠΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΅Π²..." For more: ΠΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°Ρ Π‘ΡΠΎjaΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΈ - "Π’ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈ Π·Π° ΡΠ±ΠΈΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎ Π½Π° ΠΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΅Π²", Π‘ΠΊΠΎΠΏjΠ΅, 1992 Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°, ΡΡΡ. 38.
2597:
Marinov, Tchavdar. "We, the Macedonians : The Paths of Macedonian Supra-Nationalism (1878β1912)". Diana, Mishkova. We, the People : Politics of National Peculiarity in Southeastern Europe. Budapest : Central European University Press,
1858:Π¦ΠΎΡΠΎ ΠΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈ, ΠΡΠ΅ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΏΡΡ Π·Π° ΠΏΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΠΈ ΠΈ Π·Π° ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎ Π½Π° ΠΠΠΠ Π ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ ΠΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΊΠΎ-ΠΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎ ΠΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡ 1903 Π³. Π ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊ ΠΠΎΠΉΠ½ΠΎ ΠΠΎΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ². 75 Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠ°, ΠΌΡΠ΄ΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΉΠ½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ, ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈ Π² Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ. ΠΠ‘Π£ "Π§Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΠ·Π΅Ρ Π₯ΡΠ°Π±ΡΡ"; 2004,
266:
was elected as its first head. The draft of the first statute was approved there, while the drafting of its first regulations was commissioned. The occasion for convening this meeting was the celebration on the consecration of the newly built
2847:ΠΡΠΎΡ. Π΄-Ρ ΠΠ½ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π‘ΡΠΎΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π΄-Ρ ΠΠ°Π½ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π‘ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ Π΅ Π·Π° ΡΡΡΡΡΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ. ΠΠ° Π΅Π·ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ ΡΠΏΠΎΡ, ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠ° Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½Π° Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°, ΠΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ Π·Π° ΡΡΡΡΡΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ Π΅Π·ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡ Π Π΅ΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π Π΅ΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΡΠ»Π³Π°ΡΠΈΡ Π²ΡΠ²
998:
417:
585:
had a regional meaning, while the ideas of separate Macedonian nation were supported only by a handful of intellectuals. They insist also, except the national designation "Bulgarian" in the name, another part of it is related to the then
734:. In 2016, a monument to the fallen revolutionaries from Macedonia and Thrace was uncovered in Sofia. On the left side of the monument is written the abbreviation BMARC (ΠΠΠΠ Π), denoting the first name of the revolutionary organization.
77:
an overlapping of the text of the statutes of BMARC and that of SMARO, i.e. 8 from the 15 articles in the statute of the BMARC are identical to those in the statute of SMARO. Thus it is clear that when drafting one, the other was used.
654:", published in retelling form excerpts from the captured by the Ottoman authorities statutes of the Bulgarian Macedonian Revolutionary Committee, i.e. BMARC. On October 13, the Greek newspaper "Imera" published the same material.
952:
Excerpt of the draft of the regulations of the SMARO made by hand on the regulations of the BMARC by Gotse Delchev or Petar Poparsov. According to Katardziev, out of 50 articles in both regulations, 39 are identical or similar.
54:
Art. 2. To achieve this goal they shall raise the awareness of self-defense in the Bulgarian population in the regions mentioned in Art. 1., disseminate revolutionary ideas β printed or verbal, and prepare and carry on a general
1573:
For more see: Tetsuya Sahara, The Macedonian Origin of Black Hand. (International Conference "Great War, Serbia, Balkans and Great Powers") Strategic Research Institute & The Institute of History Belgrade, 2015, pp. 401β425
2971:ΠΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ»Π° ΠΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ². "Π‘ΡΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΆΠ° Π½Π° ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ°. ΠΠ΄Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° Π²ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅: 1. ΠΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ·Π΄Π°Π΄Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ³ΡΠΎΠΌΠ° Π½Π° ΠΡΠ»Π³Π°ΡΠΈΡ. 2. ΠΠ°ΡΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ° Π΄Π° Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅ ΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΡΠ²Π°Π½Π° Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΡΠ° Π½Π° ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΠ΄ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎ (ΠΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡ ΠΊΡΠΌ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ° Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Π° ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ)",
1803:
Alexander Maxwell, "Slavic Macedonian Nationalism: From 'Regional' to 'Ethnic'", In Klaus Roth and Ulf Brunnbauer (eds.), Region, Regional Identity and Regionalism in Southeastern Europe, Volume 1 (MΓΌnster: LIT Verlag, 2008),
272:
committee's activity, and the Ottoman authorities considered the Bulgarian schools then "nests of bandits". On the eve of the 20th century IMRO was often called "the Bulgarian Committee", while its members were designated as
1036:"The Construction of Life" (1927), authored by Nikola Zografov (1869 - 1931). Per his view espoused on p. 58 in 1895 the Organization already bore the name BMARC and the struggle for autonomy was open to every Bulgarian.
3398:. Π‘ΠΎΡΠΈΡ: ΠΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠ° ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ (1893-1919 Π³.) β Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈ. Π’ΠΎΠΌ 1. Π§Π°ΡΡ 1. Π‘ΡΡΡ. Π¦. ΠΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈ, Π. ΠΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°. Π‘ΠΎΡΠΈΡ: ΠΡΡΠΆΠ°Π²Π½Π° Π°Π³Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡ "ΠΡΡ
ΠΈΠ²ΠΈ", ΡΡΡ. 127-128. 2007.
1129:
1444:
Marinov, Tchavdar. We, the Macedonians: The Paths of Macedonian Supra-Nationalism (1878β1912) In: We, the People: Politics of National Peculiarity in Southeastern Europe. Budapest: Central European University Press, 2009,
3008:
Valkov, Martin, The Internal Macedonian-Adrianople Revolutionary Organization and the Idea for Autonomy for Macedonia and Adrianople Thrace, 1893-1912; M.A. dissertation, Central European University (Budapest, 2010), p.
3533:ΠΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ»Π° ΠΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ², "Π‘ΡΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΆΠ° Π½Π° ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ°. ΠΠ΄Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° Π²ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅: 1. ΠΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ·Π΄Π°Π΄Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ³ΡΠΎΠΌΠ° Π½Π° ΠΡΠ»Π³Π°ΡΠΈΡ. 2. ΠΠ°ΡΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ° Π΄Π° Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅ ΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΡΠ²Π°Π½Π° Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΡΠ° Π½Π° ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΠ΄ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎ", ΠΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ° Π. ΠΠ»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ², Π‘ΠΎΡΠΈΡ, 1927 Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°.
1528:, each of whom was a leader during the earlier Bulgarian revolutionary movement. Around this time ca. 1894, a seal was struck for use by the Organization leadership; it was inscribed with the phrase "Freedom or Death" (
1875:
1695:
The word komitadji is Turkish, meaning literally "committee man". It came to be used for the guerilla bands, which, subsidized by the governments of the Christian Balkan states, especially of Bulgaria. For more see:
2633:ΠΠ°Π±Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΠΌΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΠ»Π΅Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ, ΠΠΎΠ»Π³Π°ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π€ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠΈ Π² 1894β1908 Π³Π³., ΠΠ΄Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠ°, ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π±ΠΎΡΡΠ±Ρ, Π‘ΠΎΡΠΈΡ, ΠΠΊΠ°Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·Π΄. ΠΈΠΌ. ΠΏΡΠΎΡ. ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°, 2008, ΡΡΡ.7,
904:
Cover of the statute of the BMARC. Above is an inscription "statute" with the name of the organization below. In the middle is a picture with a seated woman. In her right hand she holds a flag where it is written
2514:
Rohdewald, Stefan. "Citizenship, Ethnicity, History, Nation, Region, and the Prespa Agreement of June 2018 between Macedonia and Greece" Comparative Southeast European Studies, vol. 66, no. 4, 2018, pp. 577-593.
1149:
2187:ΠΠΎΠΊΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈ Π·Π° ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ Π·Π° ΠΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎ Π²ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² Π’ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ. ΠΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ» ΠΈ ΡΠ½Π°Π±Π΄ΠΈΠ» Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π½ΠΈ Π±Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΆΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΡ ΠΠ². Π. ΠΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΡΠ±. ΠΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΊΠΎ Π²ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ 1903. Π‘ΠΎΡΠΈΡ, 1955, ΡΡΡ. 51-78.
451:(1856 β 1918), in the mid-1890s, arose the "Bulgarian Macedonian Adrianopolitan Revolutionary Committee", which, according to its statute and regulations, was a Bulgarian nationalist organization. According to
2952:
Die Makedonische Frage: Ihre Entstehung Und Entwicklung Bis 1908. By Fikret Adanir. Frankfurter Historische Abhandlungen, vol. 20. Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag GMBH, 1979. xii, 283 pp. DM 64, paper; p.
1901:ΠΠΠΠ Π ΠΏΡΠ΅Π· ΠΏΠΎΠ³Π»Π΅Π΄Π° Π½Π° Π½Π΅ΠΉΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ. Π‘ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΠ°ΠΌΡΠ½ ΠΡΡΠ΅Π², Π΄-Ρ Π₯ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎ Π’Π°ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π², ΠΠ²Π°Π½ Π₯Π°Π΄ΠΆΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ², ΠΠ½ΡΠΎΠ½ ΠΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ², ΠΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ². Π‘ΡΡΡ. Π’. ΠΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ², Π¦. ΠΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈ. Π‘Π². ΠΠ΅ΠΎΡΠ³ΠΈ ΠΠΎΠ±Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Ρ; Π‘ΠΎΡΠΈΡ, 2002,
3134:
predominantly Bulgarian character of the population of Macedonia". For more: "The Macedonian conflict: ethnic nationalism in a transnational world", Princeton University Press, Danforth, Loring M. 1997,
309:
Contradictions, inconsistencies and even mutually exclusive statements exist in the testimonies of the founding and other early members of the Organization on the issue. According to the founding member
17:
2415:
Pandevska, Maria; Mitrova, Makedonka. (2020). The Concept of the millet in Turkish dictionaries: Its alteration and the impact on Ottoman Macedonia. Balcanica Posnaniensia. Acta et studia. 26. 171-192.
1613:
Frusetta, James. βBulgaria's Macedonia: Nation-Building and State Building, Centralization and Autonomy in Pirin Macedonia, 1903-1952.β PhD Thesis. University of Maryland, College Park, (2006), p. 113.
969:. Per him there was a congress of the IMRO, which adopted a statute, with a special article according to which only Bulgarians were accepted as its members. This issue was changed in the next statute.
1123:
Cover of the unpublished book "Notes and Reflections on the Macedonian Nation" where Dimitar Popevtimov cited in 1959 art. 3 from the statute of the BMARC, claiming this was the initial name of IMRO.
1794:
Vladimir Cretulescu (2016) "The Memoirs of Cola Nicea: A Case-Study on the Discursive Identity Construction of the Aromanian Armatoles in Early 20th Century Macedonia." Res Historica 41, p. 128.
927:
3081:
become a member". For more see: Laura Beth Sherman, Fires on the mountain: the Macedonian revolutionary movement and the kidnapping of Ellen Stone, Volume 62, East European Monographs, 1980,
809:
768:
However, these ideas were rejected. In North Macedonia, the acknowledgement of any Bulgarian influence on its history and politics is very undesirable, because it contradicts the post-WWII
567:
However in 2021, he has rejected all this, claiming that allegedly not a single document written from any activist of the Organization has been found so far, containing the name of BMARC.
761:
in the preamble of its constitution, based on fact that such people were members and founders of the historical BMARC. Moreover, this was actually a mandatory condition of the EU to the
364:
According to Poparsov, the first statute's swatch was sent to be printed in Romania, where it burned down in a fire and its publication failed. However, according to the IMRO activist
547:
Those who accept the existence of the statute claim the term Bulgarian was used ostensibly for tactical reasons because the organization's activity was concentrated primarily on the
407:. According to Tatarchev's recollections, the decision about the change of the statute, so that not only Bulgarians could be members of the organization, was taken in 1896. Per the
457:
620:
According to some Bulgarian and Macedonian researchers, the author of BMARC's statute was Petar Poparsov. Other Bulgarian historians assume that the authors of the statute were
28:
2868:
Lambi V. Danailov, Stilian NoΔkov, Natsionalno-osvoboditelnoto dvizhenia v Trakija 1878-1903, Tom 2, TrakiΔski nauchen institut, Izd. na otechestvenia front, 1971, str. 81-82.
1876:ΠΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ, Π. (1986). Π‘ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π²Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎ Π½Π° ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠ° ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΠ½Π° ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ° ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΡΠ·ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠ° ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΡ (1893β1895). ΠΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ° / Journal of History 22.1, 61-73; (63).
3244:ΠΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅Π², Π. ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ Π ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π½Π° Π±ΡΠ»Π³Π°ΡΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π½ΠΎΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π½ΠΎ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΠ΄ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎ 1878 - 1912. ΠΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π³Π»Π΅Π΄, 1980, No 6, ΡΡΡ. 21 - 48.
730:" was registered in Bulgaria. Among its founders were scientists, historians, journalists and descendants of Bulgarian historical figures from the regions of Macedonia and
603:
to IMRO in 1899. This corroborates the fact that the Macedonian revolutionaries then did not insist on any own ethnic difference with regard to the rest of the Bulgarians.
357:
commissioned him to start the construction of the committee network in Adrianople region in 1895. Thus, in September 1895, the first revolutionary committee was founded in
3564:
Mehmet HacΔ±salihoΔlu, Β«Yane Sandanski as a political leader in Macedonia in the era of the Young TurksΒ», Cahiers balkaniques, 40 | mis en ligne le 21 mai 2012. URL :
987:
676:
In this way, the question of the time of creation and adoption of the rules remains open. According to the memoires of Dimitar Voynikov (1896-1990), when Delchev visited
517:
Macedonian historical community in the second volume of the first ever three-volume History of the Macedonian people, as well as in its one-volume edition, in 1970. Per
3413:, they continued to be in use afterwards. Π₯ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎ ΠΠ². ΠΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΆΡΠΊΠΎΠ², Π ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΏΠ° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π· ΠΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΊΠΎ-ΠΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎ Π²ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅. (ΠΠ·Π΄. Π½Π° ΠΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π€ΡΠΎΠ½Ρ, Π‘ΠΎΡΠΈΡ, 1986) ΡΡΡ. 107.
1048:
Hristo Tatarchev's Memoirs about the creation of the IMRO, which according to his opinion espoused on p. 103, was first called MRO and CMRC. Published in Sofia by
2406:
Pandevska, M. (2012). The term "Macedonian(s)" in Ottoman Macedonia: On the map and in the mind. Nationalities Papers, 40(5), 747-766. doi:10.1080/00905992.2012.705265
470:
in the minds of the founders of the organization, it was Bulgarian in its ethnic composition, and its member, according to the first statue, could be "any Bulgarian".
2072:Π₯ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎ Π’Π°ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π², "ΠΠΠ Π ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎ ΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ½Π° ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»Π½Π° ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ (Π‘ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ; Π’ΠΎΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎ 1936 Π³.)" Π² "Π‘ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ, Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈ, ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈ", ΠΠ°ΡΠΊΠ° ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎ, Π‘ΠΎΡΠΈΡ, 1989 Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°, ΡΡΡ. 57.
1567:
As a corollary, the first charter of the organization was a rough copy of the "Bulgarian revolutionary central committee's" charter which they found in the work of
1325:ΠΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΊΠΎ-ΠΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎ ΠΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡ 1903 Π³. Π ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊ ΠΠΎΠΉΠ½ΠΎ ΠΠΎΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ². 75 Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠ°, ΠΌΡΠ΄ΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΉΠ½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ, ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈ Π² Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ. ΠΠ‘Π£ "Π§Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΠ·Π΅Ρ Π₯ΡΠ°Π±ΡΡ"; 2004,
2787:ΠΡΠ±ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡ ΠΠ°Π½Π°ΠΉΠΎΡΠΎΠ², Π₯ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎ Π₯ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ², ΠΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΅Π² ΡΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ, Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈ, ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈ, ΠΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡ Π·Π° ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡ (ΠΡΠ»Π³Π°ΡΡΠΊΠ° Π°ΠΊΠ°Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΡ Π½Π° Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅) ΠΠ°ΡΠΊΠ° ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎ, 1978, ΡΡΡ. 86.
772:
nation-building and historical narratives, based on a deeply anti-Bulgarian attitudes, which still continue today. On that occasion, the Macedonian film director
3627:
922:
819:
322:, the Organization was designated initially a "Committee", and its first name was "Committee for acquiring the political rights of Macedonia, given to it by the
2336:ΠΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ» ΠΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅Π²ΡΠΊΠΈ, (1987) ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π½ΠΎ Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΎ Π²ΠΎ XIX ΠΈ XX Π²Π΅ΠΊ. ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π½ΠΎΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π½ΠΎ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ΡΠ΅ 1893β1903 Π³. ΠΠΈΡΠ»Π°, ΡΡΡ. 86.
1975:
411:
activist Vladislav Kovachev the first statute of the IMRO allowed the membership only for Bulgarians within a special article. According to the revolutionary
1111:, dedicated on the IMRO, where he criticizes the organization as a Bulgarian nationalist society that was named in its first statute and regulations as BMARC.
412:
131:
91:
2859:ΠΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ» ΠΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅Π²ΡΠΊΠΈ (1987) ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π½ΠΎ Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΎ Π²ΠΎ XIX ΠΈ XX Π²Π΅ΠΊ, Π’.1, ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π½ΠΎΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π½ΠΎ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ΡΠ΅: 1893-1903, ΡΡΡ. 86.
2345:ΠΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΡΡΠ°Π²Π° ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π½Π° ΠΠΠΠ Π Ρ ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΡΡΠ°Π²Π° ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π½Π° Π’ΠΠΠ Π; Π¦ΠΠ, Ρ. 1932 ΠΊ, ΠΎΠΏ. 3, Π°. Π΅. 3, Π». 1 β 34.
599:), as well as from Ottoman Thrace (Vilayet of Adrianople) into the leadership of the Organization. Such an example was the case with the affiliation of the
3054:
Peter Kardjilov, The Cinematographic Activities of Charles Rider Noble and John Mackenzie in the Balkans (Volume One) Cambridge Scholars Publishing; 2020,
2151:Π₯Ρ. Π‘ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ², ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π½ΠΈΡΡ£ Π±ΠΎΡΠ±ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ, ΡΠΎΠΌΡ I, Π·Π΄. Π½Π° ΠΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΡΠ³., Π‘ΠΎΡΠΈΡ, 1933; II ΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·Π΄. "ΠΠ°ΡΠΊΠ° ΠΈ ΠΠ·ΠΊΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎ", Π‘ΠΎΡΠΈΡ, 1983) ΡΡΡ. 40.
982:
452:
444:, it is claimed that the original statute of the organization allowed only Bulgarians as members. This situation was changed in a new statute in 1896. Per
3548:ΠΡ ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΠ΄ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎ: Π‘ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΠΈΡ
Π°ΠΈΠ»Ρ ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ. II. ΠΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡ Π¦Π΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΠΠ Π.: Π‘ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π½Π° Π΄-ΡΡ Π₯ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎ Π’Π°ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π²Ρ. Π‘ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π²Π° Π. ΠΠΈΠ»Π΅ΡΠΈΡΡ
1821:
Victor Roudometof (2002) Collective Memory, National Identity, and Ethnic Conflict. Greece, Bulgaria, and the Macedonian Question. Bloomsbury Academic,
3275:
1095:, per whom in the minds of the founders of the organization, it was Bulgarian, and its member, according to the first statue, could be "any Bulgarian".
762:
86:
3554:. Π‘ΠΎΡΠΈΡ: ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈ Π·Π° ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ° Π½Π° ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π½ΠΎ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΠ·Π΄Π°Π²Π° ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡ, ΠΠ½ΠΈΠ³Π° IX, ΠΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ° Π. ΠΠ»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ. 1928.
694:, encompassing the different nationalities in the area. The common political agenda declared in the BMARC and SMARO statutes was the same: to achieve
3235:ΠΠΈΠ»Π°Π½ Π. Π’ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ, ΠΠ°ΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΠΊΠ° Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π° - βΡΠ°Π±ΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠ°Π·Π΄ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ Π‘ΡΠ±Π° ΠΈ ΠΡΠ³Π°ΡΠ°β 1885 β 1903., ΠΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΊΠΈ Π·Π±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊ LVIII, ΠΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ, 2018, 99 β 110. (102).
462:(1890-1961), the organization was initially called the BMARC, and only Bulgarians were accepted as its members, per its first statute from 1894. Per
126:
2651:Π‘ΡΠΎΡΠ½ ΠΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ² (1992) Π ΡΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΡΠΎ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΠ΄ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎ 1893-1908. Π£Π½ΠΈΠ². ΠΈΠ·Π΄-Π²ΠΎ "Π‘Π². ΠΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΡ
ΡΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΊΠΈ". ΡΡΡ. 14.
799:
430:
2943:ΠΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ΅Π², ΠΠ°Π½ΡΠΎ, ΠΠ΅ΡΠ°Ρ ΠΠΎΠΏ ΠΡΡΠΎΠ² (1868β1941). ΠΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ³ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎ Π½Π° ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π½ΠΎΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π½ΠΎ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ΡΠ΅. 1997, Π‘ΠΊΠΎΠΏjΠ΅, ΡΡΡ. 167-168.
658:
343:
85:
Excerpt from p. 5 of the article "The Wars and the Macedonian Question", published in 1922 in the magazine "Macedonia" by the IMRO revolutionary
1410:Π‘ΠΏΠΈΡΠΎ ΠΡΠ»Π°Π±ΡΠ΅Π² - "ΠΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅, ΠΊΠΎΠΈΡΠΎ Π·Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ
Π° ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ». ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π°Ρ Π½Π΅Π·Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ½Π°ΡΠΈ; ΠΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡΡΠ° (ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ - II ΡΠ°ΡΡ)", Π‘ΠΎΡΠΈΡ, ΠΎΠΊ. 1904 Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°.
3622:
3169:Δ°pek YosmaoΔlu, Blood Ties: Religion, Violence and the Politics of Nationhood in Ottoman Macedonia, 1878β1908, Cornell University Press, 2013,
435:
365:
244:
220:
201:
2835:
2300:ΠΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ» Π ΠΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅Π²ΡΠΊΠΈ, ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π½ΠΎΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π½ΠΎ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ΡΠ΅: 1893-1903; Π‘ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π° ΠΌΠΈΡΠ»Π°, ΠΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°, 1974, ΡΡΡ. 82.
1004:
The magazine "Macedonia" (1922) where Georgi Bazhdarov claims on p. 5, the first name of the organisation in its first statute was BMΠRC.
3440:
2925:Π‘ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΡΠΎΡΡΠΎ ΠΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ². ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈ Π·Π° ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ° Π½Π° ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π½ΠΎ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠ½. VΠΠΠ. Π‘ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π²Π° Π. ΠΠΈΠ»Π΅ΡΠΈΡ, Π‘., 1927, Ρ. 50 β 51.
2907:ΠΡΠ±ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡ ΠΠ°Π½Π°ΠΉΠΎΡΠΎΠ², ΠΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠ½ ΠΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅Π², ΠΠΎΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΠ°Π»Π΅ΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΈ, ΠΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΅Π²-ΡΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ, Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈ, ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈ, 1978, Π‘ΠΎΡΠΈΡ, ΠΠ°ΡΠΊΠ° ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎ; ΡΡΡ. 56.
1751:
Denis Ε . LjuljanoviΔ (2023) Imagining Macedonia in the Age of Empire. State Policies, Networks and Violence (1878β1912), LIT Verlag MΓΌnster;
992:(1875-1924), the first statute allowed the membership only for Bulgarians within a special article (Autonomous Macedonia (1919), p. 14).
695:
298:
188:(1894) was strictly nationalist and contained a special Article, which permitted the membership only to Bulgarians. A new statute adopted in
47:
3395:Π£ΡΡΠ°Π² Π½Π° ΠΡΠ»Π³Π°ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ, ΡΡΡΡΠ°Π²Π΅Π½ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ Π‘ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π³ΡΠ΅Ρ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡΡΠ°, [Π‘ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½, 1896 Π³.]
2562:(1878β1912) In: We, the People: Politics of National Peculiarity in Southeastern Europe. Budapest: Central European University Press, 2009,
2231:ΠΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅Π², ΠΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠ½. "Π£ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΠΠΠ Π ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ ΠΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΊΠΎ-ΠΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎ Π²ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅", ΠΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π³Π»Π΅Π΄, 1969, ΠΊΠ½. I, ΡΡΡ. 68 β 80
1423:ΠΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ΅Π², ΠΠ°Π½ΡΠΎ, ΠΠ΅ΡΠ°Ρ ΠΠΎΠΏ ΠΡΡΠΎΠ² (1868β1941). ΠΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ³ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎ Π½Π° ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π½ΠΎΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π½ΠΎ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ΡΠ΅. 1997, Π‘ΠΊΠΎΠΏjΠ΅, ΡΡΡ. 61.
814:
358:
258:
The first statute was drawn up in the winter of 1894. In the summer of the same year, the first congress of the organization took place in
422:(1873-1953), a revolutionary committee was founded in Thessaloniki in 1893, and per its first statute, any Bulgarian could be its member.
2760:Π¦ΠΎΡΠΎ ΠΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈ, ΠΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ½ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΠΠΠ Π Π΄ΠΎ Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° Π½Π° 1902 Π³., ΠΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡ Π½Π° Π΄ΡΡΠΆΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ²ΠΈ, Π‘ΠΎΡΠΈΡ, 2004, ΠΊΠ½. 87, Ρ. 200-275.
348:
2121:ΠΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎ ΠΠ°ΡΡΡΠ»ΠΊΠΎΠ² , ΠΠΎΠ΅ΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Π²ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π±ΠΎΡΠ±ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ° , ΠΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡ Π·Π° Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π½Π° ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ°, Π‘ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠ΅, 1952 Π³. ΡΡΡ. 55-56.
1768:
Tunçay, Mete, and Erik J. Zürcher, eds. (1994) Socialism and Nationalism in the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey. Bloomsbury Academic,
1532:). For more see: Duncan M. Perry, The Politics of Terror: The Macedonian Liberation Movements, 1893β1903, Duke University Press, 1988,
600:
559:
part in the name of the Organization, which is undoubtedly Bulgarian, points per Macedonian scholars, to the existence of some kind of
2318:ΠΠ°Π½Π΅ Π’ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΈ, Π€ΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎ Π½Π° BMPO ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ°ΡΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΠ²Π°Π½ Π₯Π°ΡΠΈ-ΠΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ². Π Π°Π·Π³Π»Π΅Π΄ΠΈ, Π³. XI, Π±Ρ. 10, Π‘ΠΊΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅, 1969, ΡΡΡ. 304.
318:, initially the IMRO was not called an "Organization", and this term was introduced after 1895. According to another founding member,
691:
335:
232:
2615:
Duncan Perry The Politics of Terror: The Macedonian Liberation Movements, 1893β1903, Durham, Duke University Press, 1988. pp. 40β41.
1887:Π‘ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΡΠΎΡΡΠΎ ΠΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ²Ρ. Π‘ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π²Π° ΠΡΠ±ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΡ ΠΠΈΠ»Π΅ΡΠΈΡΡ (ΠΠ·Π΄Π°Π²Π° βΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡβ, Π‘ΠΎΡΠΈΡ. 1927), ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³Π° VIII, ΡΡΡ. 26
884:
Statute of the BRCC used as a model for the IMRO's first statute. This statute was drawn up in Bucharest in 1872. Its authors were
2434:ΠΠ°Π½ΡΠΎ ΠΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ΅Π², ΠΠ΅ΡΠ°Ρ ΠΠΎΠΏ ΠΡΡΠΎΠ². ΠΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ³ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎ Π½Π° ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π½ΠΎΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π½ΠΎ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ΡΠ΅, Π‘ΠΊΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅, 1997, ΡΡΡ. 60-61.
2205:ΠΠ²Π°Π½ ΠΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅Π², ΠΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ° Π·Π° ΡΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΠΠΠ Π Π΄ΠΎ ΠΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎ Π²ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΠΠΠ V/1, Π‘ΠΊΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅ 1961. ΡΡΡ. 149 β 164.
2094:ΠΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΌ, ΠΠ΅ΠΎΡΠ³ΠΈ Π Π°ΠΉΠΊΠΎΠ², ΠΠ΅Π»ΡΠΎ ΠΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΈ, ΠΠ»ΠΈΡ ΠΠΎΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ², ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠ» ΠΡΠ°Π³ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²", ΠΠΎΡΠΈΡ ΠΠΎΡΠ΄Π°Π½ΠΎΠ² ΠΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ², ΠΠ "ΠΠ²Π΅Π·Π΄ΠΈ", 2005 Π³., ΡΡΡ. 48,
2029:ΠΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ΅Π², Π. (1995). ΠΠ΅ΡΠ°Ρ ΠΠΎΠΏ ΠΡΡΠΎΠ² (1868β1941). ΠΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ³ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎ Π½Π° ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π½ΠΎΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π½ΠΎ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ΡΠ΅, ΡΡΡ. 62.
595:
written in the Bulgarian language, but also from the wide acceptance of Bulgarians, as from the Bulgarian principality (including
2962:ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΊΡΠΈΠ², ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π½Π°ΡΠ° Π±ΠΎΡΠ±Π° Π½Π° Π±ΡΠ»Π³Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ Π² ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΠ΄ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎ 1902/1904 - Π΄ΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈ, ΠΠΠ, Π‘ΠΎΡΠΈΡ 1978. Ρ. 76.
2038:Π₯ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎ ΠΠ°ΡΠΎΠ², "ΠΠ° ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΡΠΎ Π½Π° ΠΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠ° Π Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Π° ΠΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ", ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Π° Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°, Π‘ΠΎΡΠΈΡ, 1926, ΡΡΡ. 29.
1175:. On the first line at the top left is the abbreviation BMARC (ΠΠΠΠ Π), denoting the first name of the revolutionary organization.
804:
663:
408:
370:
2544:
Dimitar Bechev, Historical Dictionary of the Republic of Macedonia, Historical Dictionaries of Europe, No. 68, Scarecrow Press,
703:
2372:
James Frusetta "Common Heroes, Divided Claims: IMRO Between Macedonia and Bulgaria". Central European University Press, 2004,
2377:
1935:
Freedom or Death, The Life of GotsΓ© Delchev, by Mercia MacDermott, Journeyman Press, London & West Nyack, 1978, p. 230.
738:
706:
2642:
Ivo Banac, "The National Question in Yugoslavia. Origins, History, Politics", Cornell University Press, 1984, pp. 307β328.
1360:
Kat Kearey (2015) Oxford AQA History: A Level and AS Component 2: International Relations and Global Conflict C1890-1941.
342:
was included in the organization's program in 1895, while this decision was implemented practically in 1896. However, per
2363:ΠΠ»Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Π ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΈ, ΠΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ° Π½Π° ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠ° Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ° (1999) ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠ° Π°ΠΊΠ°Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈjΠ° Π½Π° Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅, Π‘ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈjΠ΅, ΡΡΡ. 197.
1953:
MacDermott, Mercia. Freedom or Death: The Life of GotsΓ© Delchev. London & West Nyack, Journeyman Press, 1978. p. 230.
789:
494:
Ormandzhiev published in Sofia the undated statute of the SMARO, which he dated from 1896. In 1961, Macedonian historian
3507:. Π‘ΠΎΡΠΈΡ: ΡΠΏ. "ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎ, Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈ Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅", Π³ΠΎΠ΄. I, ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³Π° IV, Π‘ΠΎΡΠΈΡ, ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ° "ΠΠΈΡΠΎΡΠ°". 1922.
2049:
737:
In 2018, in relation with the campaign for the change of the constitutional name of the then Republic of Macedonia, the
3580:ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π½ΠΈΡΡ£ Π±ΠΎΡΠ±ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ, ΡΠΎΠΌ I, ΠΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎ Π²ΡΠ·ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Π₯Ρ. Π‘ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ² (ΠΈΠ·Π΄. Π½Π° ΠΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΡΠ³., Π‘ΠΎΡΠΈΡ, 1933;
1785:
MacDermott, Mercia (1978) Freedom or Death: The Life of GotsΓ© Delchev. West Nyack, N.Y.: Journeyman Press, pp. 144-149.
582:
294:
2309:ΠΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ·ΠΈ (1992) Π’ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ²Π΅ 23 β 28, ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠ° Π°ΠΊΠ°Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΡΠ° Π½Π° Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅, ΠΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π° ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠΈ, ΡΡΡ. 75.
1918:
Duncan M. Perry, The Politics of Terror: The Macedonian Liberation Movements, 1893β1903, Duke University Press, 1988,
1462:
Raymond Detrez, Historical Dictionary of Bulgaria; Historical Dictionaries of Europe; Rowman & Littlefield, 2014,
1401:
in Macedonia Documents and Material, 1978 by Bozhinov, Voin & L. Panayotov. Sofia, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences.
780:
is hidden actually the original designation of BMARC, an organization founded by people with Bulgarian consciousness.
3486:
3427:
3200:
3188:
3059:
3032:ΠΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΠΎΠΉΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ², ΠΡΠ»Π³Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ Π² Π½Π°ΠΉ-ΠΈΠ·ΡΠΎΡΠ½Π°ΡΠ° ΡΠ°ΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΠ°Π»ΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ² - ΠΠ·ΡΠΎΡΠ½Π° Π’ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ. "ΠΠΎΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ΅", 2009 Π³.
2996:
2882:
2810:
2720:
2695:
2670:
2603:
2585:
2567:
2532:
2485:
2467:
2288:
2271:
2219:
2008:
1843:
1826:
1809:
1756:
1739:
1722:
1627:
1504:
1487:
1450:
1365:
1348:
480:(1903) that the βBulgarian committeesβ were led by "Bulgarian clerks", aiming the creation of βBulgarian Macedonia".
3499:
2178:ΠΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅Π², Π. (1965) ΠΠ²Π° ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π½Π° ΠΠΠ Π ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΊΠΈΠΎΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄. ΠΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ°/Journal of History 1.1, ΡΡΡ. 39-50.
3071:
MacDermott, Mercia (1978) Freedom or Death: The Life of GotsΓ© Delchev. West Nyack, N.Y.: Journeyman Press, pp. 145.
776:
has concluded that there is no more mythologized term in Macedonian history than the name of IMRO, but behind this
338:(BRCC) was published, which they took as a model for the organization's first statute. According to Tatarchev, the
228:
2822:Π§Π°Π²Π΄Π°Ρ ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ², Π‘ΡΠΎ Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ ΠΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΡΠΎ Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ ΠΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠ²? ΠΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ° Π² Π Π΅ΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π· 2003 Π³.
426:
maintained that initially, the organization worked only among Bulgarians who belonged to the Bulgarian Exarchate.
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The Statute and the Regulations of the Bulgarian Macedonian-Adrianople Revolutionary Committees (in Macedonian)
727:
892:. In the middle is depicted a lion, standing enraged over a broken Ottoman flag and torn rings of iron chain.
551:
population. Others insist that the founders of the organization were then under the influence of some kind of
281:
In the earliest dated samples of statutes and regulations of the Organization discovered so far, it is called
1399:
Except from the Rules (the oath) of the Bulgarian Macedonian-Adrianople Revolutionary Committees (in English)
830:
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maintains on p. 10 that initially, the organization worked only among Bulgarians who belonged to the
669:
3534:
3376:
2214:ΠΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠ½ ΠΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅Π² (2000) ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π½ΠΎΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π½ΠΎΡΠΎ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΠ΄ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎ 1878-1903, ΠΡΡΠ΅Π½Π±Π΅ΡΠ³,
863:
824:
180:
Excerpt from page 66 of the book "My Participation in the Revolutionary Struggles" from 1954. The author
2624:
Fikret Adanir, Die Makedonische Frage: ihre entstehung und etwicklung bis 1908. Wiessbaden 1979, p. 112.
1986:Π¦ΠΎΡΠΎ ΠΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈ (1994) Π-Ρ Π₯ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎ Π’Π°ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π²: ΠΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π» Π½Π° ΠΠΠ Π: ΠΠΈΠΎΠ³Ρ. ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΊ. ΠΠ½Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΡΡΡ 50-54;
1499:
Vemund Aarbakke (2003) Ethnic rivalry and the quest for Macedonia, 1870-1913, East European Monographs,
125:
Excerpt from page 58 of the book "The Construction of Life" (1927), authored by the IMRO-revolutionary
167:
3381:. Π‘ΠΎΡΠΈΡ: ΠΠΈΡΡΡΠ°Π»Π½Π°ΡΠ° Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ° "Π‘Π»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎ" ΠΈΠ· ΡΠΎΠΌ 1 Π½Π° ΠΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅. Π Π°Π·ΠΊΠ°Π·ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ΅Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΈ, 1870-1876. 1977.
2327:ΠΡΡΡΠ΅ ΠΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΈ (2003) ΠΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ° Π½Π° ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΠΎΡ Π½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄, ΠΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡ Π·Π° Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π½Π° ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ°, Π‘ΠΊΠΎΠΏje, p. 162.
2283:
Carl Cavanagh Hodge as ed., Encyclopedia of the Age of Imperialism, 1800-1914, 2008, Greenwood Press;
1234:
Such Patriarchist Slavs who tended to identify themselves as Greeks or Serbs, were called then by the
681:
its name to Internal Macedonian-Adrianople Revolutionary Organization (IMARO), which is indisputable.
3222:
2497:Π¦ΠΎΡΠΎ ΠΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈ (1994) Π-Ρ Π₯ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎ Π’Π°ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π²: ΠΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π» Π½Π° ΠΠΠ Π: ΠΠΈΠΎΠ³Ρ. ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΊ. ΠΠ½Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΡΡΡ 7;
223:(IMRO). The repeated changes of name of the IMRO has led to an ongoing debate between Bulgarian and
3594:
3422:ΠΡΡ
ΠΈΠ² ΠΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΅Π², Π‘ΡΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΠ²Π° ΠΠΎΡΠΈΠ»ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π° ΠΈ Π¦ΠΎΡΠΎ ΠΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈ, ΠΠ·Π΄Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ: ΠΠ°Ρ
Π°ΡΠΈΠΉ Π‘ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ², 2020;
1387:
1264:
The Regulations of the Bulgarian Macedonian-Adrianople Revolutionary Committees (scanned original)
2796:Π‘ΡΠΎΡΠ½ Π Π°ΠΉΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠΊΠΈ, ΠΠ°Π»Π΅ΡΠΈΡ Π€ΠΎΠ», 1993, ΠΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π±Π΅Π· ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ°. Π£Π "Π‘Π². ΠΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΡ
ΡΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΊΠΈ", Π‘ΠΎΡΠΈΡ ΡΡΡ. 201.
323:
3329:
2848:
1549:
Bernard A. Cook ed., Europe Since 1945: An Encyclopedia, Volume 2, Taylor & Francis, 2001,
633:
331:
259:
185:
72:
Excerpt from the draft of the statute of the SMARO made by hand on the statute of the BMARC by
1282:
The Regulations of the Bulgarian Macedonian-Adrianople Revolutionary Committees (in Bulgarian)
1143:
from 1903, informing that Delchev, one of the leaders of the Bulgarian committees, was killed.
68:
3546:
2527:ΠΠ²Π°Π½ Π. ΠΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ², ΠΠΠ Π ΠΈ ΠΠ²Π°Π½ ΠΠΈΡ
Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² Π² Π·Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ° Π½Π° Π±ΡΠ»Π³Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠ°, 2008, Π£Π Π‘Π². "ΠΠ». ΠΡ
ΡΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΊΠΈ",
713:
was seen as a step for an eventual unification with Bulgaria. According to the revolutionary
710:
552:
476:
445:
384:
224:
3298:ΠΠ£ΠΠ§Π ΠΠΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠ‘ΠΠ ΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠΠ ΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠΠ’Π ΠΠ Π£Π‘Π’ΠΠΠΠ’ ΠΠ ΠΠΠΠ Π‘ΠΠΠ ΠΠ Π£Π‘Π’ΠΠΠΠ’ ΠΠ ΠΠ‘Π’ΠΠ ΠΠ‘ΠΠΠ’Π ΠΠΠ Π.
1838:
Alexis Heraclides, The Macedonian Question and the Macedonians: A History. Routledge, 2020,
1482:
Alexis Heraclides, The Macedonian Question and the Macedonians: A History. Routledge, 2020,
1963:
1660:
Dimitar Bechev, Historical Dictionary of the Republic of Macedonia, Scarecrow Press, 2009,
1287:
548:
499:
According to the statute of the BMARC, membership of the Organization was allowed only for
2266:
Dimitar Bechev, Historical Dictionary of North Macedonia, 2019; Rowman & Littlefield,
1734:
Dimitar Bechev, Historical dictionary of North Macedonia, 2019; Rowman & Littlefield,
1276:
The Statute of the Bulgarian Macedonian-Adrianople Revolutionary Committees (in Bulgarian)
1263:
831:
External videos with opinions of Macedonian public figures, historians, etc., on the issue
8:
1205:
1021:
750:
591:
268:
248:
176:
2834:Π‘ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½ ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²: ΠΠ²Π΅ Π΄ΡΡΠΆΠ°Π²Π°, Π΄Π²Π΅ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ "ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈ" ΠΈ Π΅Π΄Π½Π° ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠ° Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠ° - ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΡΠ°ΡΡ.
1270:
The Statute of the Bulgarian Macedonian-Adrianople Revolutionary Committees (in English)
921:
Cover of the Regulations of the BMARC published firstly in Skopje in 1961. According to
3210:
3019:
2196:ΠΡΠ±Π΅Π½ ΠΠ°ΠΏΠ΅, ΠΠ΄Π±ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ Π·Π° ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ° Π½Π° ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΠΎΡ Π½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄,Π’ΠΎΠΌ 2, 1965, ΡΡΡ. 185.
2058:
1193:
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677:
587:
404:
400:
339:
32:
3378:ΠΠ°Ρ
Π°ΡΠΈ Π‘ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ². Π’Π΅ΠΊΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΡΡΠ°Π²Π° Π½Π° ΠΠ Π¦Π ΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΡΠ²Π°Π½ Π² "ΠΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ Π±ΡΠ»Π³Π°ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ"
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2443:ΠΠ°Π½ΡΠΎ ΠΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ΅Π², ΠΠΠ Π 1893-1903, ΠΠΎΠ³Π»Π΅Π΄ Π½ΠΈΠ· Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈ, ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ° ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠ°, Π‘ΠΊΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅, 2013.
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184:, an activist of the left wing of IMRO claims the first statute which was adopted in
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1974:Π’Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ², Π’., ΠΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ², Π. "Π‘ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π½Π° Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΊΠΎ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊ Π½Π° ΠΠ°ΠΌΡΠ½ ΠΡΡΠ΅Π²",
1075:, who was also a leader of the centralist faction of the Bulgarian committee (1908).
3518:
3410:
1886:
1698:
The Making of a New Europe: R.W. Seton-Watson and the Last Years of Austria-Hungary
1622:Π‘ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΠΎΠ½ Π Π°Π΄Π΅Π², Π Π°Π½Π½ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ, ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°ΠΊΡΠΎΡ Π’ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ Π Π°Π΄Π΅Π², ΠΠ·Π΄. ΠΊΡΡΠ° Π‘ΡΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Ρ, Π‘ΠΎΡΠΈΡ, 1994,
1525:
1433:
889:
714:
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441:
311:
286:
181:
3439:ΠΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅Π², Π. (1965). ΠΠ²Π° ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π½Π° ΠΠΠ Π ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΊΠΈΠΎΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄. ΡΡΡ. 40;
2020:ΠΠ²Π°Π½ ΠΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅Π², ΠΠΎΡΠ±Π° Π΄ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ±Π΅Π΄Π°. Π‘ΡΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ. Π‘ΠΊΠΎΠΏjΠ΅, ΠΠΈΡΠ»Π°; 1983 Π³., ΡΡΡ. 61.
1377:ΠΠ²Π°Π½ ΠΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅Π², ΠΠΎΡΠ±Π° Π΄ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ±Π΅Π΄Π°. Π‘ΡΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ. Π‘ΠΊΠΎΠΏjΠ΅, ΠΠΈΡΠ»Π°; 1983 Π³., ΡΡΡ. 65.
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in the next basic documents of the Organization, it became an informal principle.
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794:
777:
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114:
387:, in practice the leaders of the Organization didn't prohibit the membership of
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ideas, which gave to organisation's basic documents slightly leftist leaning.
231:. The first statute of the IMRO was modelled after the statute of the earlier
3616:
1250:, while the Vlachs with Bulgarian self-awareness were designated Bulgaromans.
1235:
621:
396:
73:
2877:Π₯ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎ Π₯ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ², ΠΠ½ΡΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡ: ΠΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΉ. Π-Π; ΠΠ»Π°Π³ΠΎΠ΅Π²Π³ΡΠ°Π΄, ΡΠΎΠΌ 1, 1994,
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1521:
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651:
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380:
212:
196:
Due to the lack of original protocol documentation, and the fact its early
3274:ΠΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊ Π·Π° ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡ ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ, ΠΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅ΡΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΠ΄ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎ Π² Π‘ΠΎΡΠΈΡ.
1065:
63:
Art. 3. A member of BMARC can be any Bulgarian, independent of gender, ...
3312:
2688:
The Politics of Terror and The Macedonian Liberation Movements, 1893-1903
2516:
1717:
Poulton, Hugh (2000). Who are the Macedonians, Indiana University Press,
837:
1434:ΠΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎ ΠΠ°ΡΡΡΠ»ΠΊΠΎΠ², ΠΠΎΠ΅ΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Π²ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π±ΠΎΡΠ±ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ°.
1962:ΠΠΎΡΠ΅Π²Ρ, Π₯Ρ. Π‘ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ·Ρ ΡΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ£ ΠΌΠΈ. ΡΠΏ. ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ (VII - X). Π‘ΠΎΡΠΈΡ,
1159:", published in retelling form excerpts from the statutes of the BMARC.
746:
741:
initiated the idea to include the name of BMARC in the preamble of the
500:
388:
354:
140:
38:
Statute of the Bulgarian Macedonian-Adrianople Revolutionary Committees
3523:. ΠΠΈΠ΅Π½Π°: ΠΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ° ΠΠ°Π»ΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠ° Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ, β 1, ΠΠΠ Π (ΠΠ±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½Π°). 1925.
3393:
3034:
24. ΠΠ΄Π²Π°Π½Π΅ΡΠΎ Π½Π° ΠΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΅Π² Π² Π’ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄.
2805:ΠΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Ρ ΠΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ², ΠΡΠ»Π³Π°ΡΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈ Π² ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ (2000) ΠΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎ, Π‘ΠΎΡΠΈΡ;
2139:ΠΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΠΎΠΏΠ΅Π²ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ², "ΠΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΆΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΡΡΡ
Ρ ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠ° Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡ",
1275:
1247:
1243:
859:
850:
841:
274:
2916:ΠΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ ΠΡΡΠ΅Π². Π‘ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡ. Π‘ΠΎΡΠΈΡ, 1999, ΠΠ°ΡΠ½Π°Ρ-96; Ρ. 168.
2425:
Dimitar Dimeski, Goce DelΔev, Macedonian Review, Skopje 1997, p. 38.
1516:
IMRO group modelled itself after the revolutionary organizations of
1016:"The Struggle of the Macedonian People for Liberation" (1925) where
283:
Bulgarian Macedonian-Adrianopolitan Revolutionary Committees (BMARC)
2081:ΠΠ΅ΠΎΡΠ³ΠΈ ΠΠΎΠΏΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ², "ΠΠΈΡΠ°Ρ Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΡ ΠΠΈΡΠΎΠ»Ρ", ΡΠΏ. "ΠΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½",
810:
Bulgarian People's Macedonian-Adrianople Revolutionary Organization
189:
1171:
Monument of the fallen for the freedom of Macedonia and Thrace in
933:
853:
with Vasko Eftov about the issue with the foundation of the IMRO
392:
149:
1583:
J. Pettifer as ed., The New Macedonian Question, Springer, 1999
862:
with Vasko Eftov about the issue with he foundation of the IMRO
1069:
937:
699:
3520:ΠΠΎΡΠ±ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΡ Π½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄ Π·Π° ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΡΡΡ ΠΠ»Π°Ρ
ΠΎΠ²Ρ
1700:, Hugh Seton-Watson, Christopher Seton-Watson, Methuen, 1981,
932:(1876-1952), they continued to be used even after 1902 in the
27:
1172:
1140:
383:, although the first statute allowed the membership only to
216:
154:
avoid any nationalist bias among other peoples in the region.
2663:
Loyal Unto Death Trust and Terror in Revolutionary Macedonia
1068:, providing info about one of the voivodas of the Bulgarian
484:
Bulgarian MacedonianβAdrianopolitan Revolutionary Committees
18:
Bulgarian Macedonian-Adrianopolitan Revolutionary Committees
215:
changed its name several times before adopting in 1919 in
208:
The revolutionary organization set up in November 1893 in
158:
121:
109:
100:
81:
1478:
1476:
1239:
657:
On the other hand, the Austro-Hungarian consul in Skopje
3286:ΠΡΠ³Π°ΡΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ ΠΊΠ»ΡΠ±: Π ΠΠΠΠ Π Π΄Π° ΡΡΠΎΠΈ Π²ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π°ΠΌΠ±ΡΠ»Π°ΡΠ°.
3195:. Vol. 1. Leiden, Netherlands: Brill. p. 305.
544:
is thought to had rather a religious connotation then.
2051:Π‘ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π²Π°ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ° Π½Π° Π²ΠΌΡΠΎ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎ Π²ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅
820:
Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization (United)
297:
in Macedonia and Adrianople regions, aiming to achieve
3363:ΠΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠΊΠΈ, ΠΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎ. ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΡ Π³ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΌ ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ (Π²ΡΠΎΡ Π΄Π΅Π»).
2713:
The Macedonian Slavs in the Greek Civil War, 1944β1949
1473:
1210:ΠΡΠ³Π°ΡΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎ-ΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ (
855:
Kako Blaze Koneski stana Falsifikatorot od Nebregovo!?
46:
Art. 1. The goal of BMARC is to secure full political
3351:ΠΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠΊΠΈ, ΠΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎ. ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΡ Π³ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΌ ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ (ΠΏΡΠ² Π΄Π΅Π»).
1641:
Ethnic rivalry and the quest for Macedonia, 1870β1913
581:
there be one single uprising in them. The definition
202:
Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization (IMRO)
200:
were not dated, the first statute of the clandestine
31:
Excerpt from the statute of BMARC, (1894 or 1896; in
3365:ΠΡΠ΅Π²Π·Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΠΎΠ²Π° ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΈja, ΡΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΡΠΎΠΊ, 17.03.2016.
2249:
Hugh Poulton, Who are the Macedonians? Hurst, 2000;
2083:Π³ΠΎΠ΄. XV, ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³Π° 8 (148), Π‘ΠΎΡΠΈΡ, ΠΎΠΊΡΠΎΠΌΠ²ΡΠΈ 1943 Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°.
1412:ΠΡΠ°Π½Π°Ρ Π‘ΡΡΡΠΌΡΠΊΠΈ, ΠΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ° ΠΈ ΠΠ·Π΄Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ "Π‘ΡΡΡΠΌΡΠΊΠΈ"
488:
3583:. Π‘ΠΎΡΠΈΡ: ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ. 1933.
3353:ΠΡΠ΅Π²Π·Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΠΎΠ²Π° ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΈja, Π½Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π°, 8.11.2015 Π³.
1198:ΠΡΠ»Π³Π°ΡΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ (
864:ΠΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎ ΠΡΡΠΎΠ²: ΠΠΠ Π Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈ ΠΡΠ³Π°ΡΠΈ
243:. All its six founders were closely related to the
3535:(ΠΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡ ΠΊΡΠΌ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ° Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Π° ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ).
1388:Digitized on 15 April 2013 at Cornell University.
575:
48:autonomy for the Macedonia and Adrianople regions
3614:
800:Bulgarian Secret Central Revolutionary Committee
235:(BRCC). IMRO adopted from BRCC also its symbol:
3501:ΠΠ΅ΠΎΡΠ³ΠΈ ΠΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΠΎΠ², "ΠΠΎΠΉΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΡ Π²ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡ"
1976:ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π³Π»Π΅Π΄, 2000, ΠΊΠ½. 1, ΡΡΡ. 126; 130.
1520:and other noted Bulgarian revolutionaries like
326:". Per Tatarchev, the founders of the IMRO had
3628:Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization
2824:ΡΠΏ. ΠΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ° - ΠΡΠΎΠΉ 20 (2587), 30 Π°ΠΏΡΠΈΠ» 2004 Π³.
2740:. C. Hurst & Co. Publishers. p. 238.
2735:
1601:European University Press, 2024, pp. 107-136.
965:A book about Gotse Delchev, issued in 1904 by
221:Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization
3262:Π‘ΡΠ΄ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ° ΠΠΠΠ Π ΠΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½-ΠΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅.
1897:
1895:
1854:
1852:
1386:ΡΠΏ. "ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ", Π’ΠΎΠΌ 1, Π‘ΠΎΡΠΈΡ, 1922, ΡΡΡ. 5.
2849:Π-ΠΊ ΠΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ° - ΠΡΠΎΠΉ 28 (2908), 21 ΡΠ»ΠΈ 2017 Π³.
909:". Below is depicted a lion wearing a crown.
836:Excerpt from an interview of the journalist
815:Internal Thracian Revolutionary Organisation
745:. On the other hand, in 2023 the founder of
3191:. In Daskalov, Roumen; et al. (eds.).
698:. While this idea was taken aboard by some
245:Bulgarian Men's High School of Thessaloniki
2710:
2047:
1892:
1849:
1087:The cover of the first volume of the book
684:
601:Bulgarian Secret Revolutionary Brotherhood
3465:ΠΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΎΠ²Ρ, ΠΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΈΡΠ»Π°Π²Ρ. ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ½Π° ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ
3193:National Ideologies and Language Policies
3189:"Famous Macedonia, the Land of Alexander"
2665:. Indiana University Press. p. 191.
1603:https://doi.org/10.1515/9789633867761-009
399:of all local nationalities, According to
359:Bulgarian Men's High School of Adrianople
336:Bulgarian Revolutionary Central Committee
233:Bulgarian Revolutionary Central Committee
3566:http://journals.openedition.org/ceb/1192
3471:. Π‘ΠΎΡΠΈΡ: ΠΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ° Π‘. Π. Π‘ΡΠ°ΠΉΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ. 1919.
2685:
1107:The initial page from the manuscript of
644:
251:, and some of them were influenced from
175:
166:
157:
148:
139:
120:
108:
99:
80:
67:
59:Chapter II. β Structure and Organization
26:
3186:
805:Supreme Macedonian-Adrianople Committee
763:accession of the country into the Union
403:, membership was open to everyone from
304:
14:
3615:
3313:https://doi.org/10.1515/soeu-2018-0037
2982:
2980:
2894:ΠΠ΅ΠΉΠΎ Π―Π²ΠΎΡΠΎΠ², ΠΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΅Π² Π² "Π‘Π»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎ";
2690:. Duke University Press. p. 203.
2517:https://doi.org/10.1515/soeu-2018-0042
531:this view has been finally revised by
3623:Bulgarian revolutionary organisations
2660:
1089:The Liberation Struggles of Macedonia
840:with Prof. KatardΕΎiev in the program
615:
536:that IMRO-activists had allegedly an
2738:Balkan Identities: Nation and Memory
1155:On October 10, 1900, the newspaper "
726:In 2015, a civil association "BMARC
3187:Marinov, Tchavdar (June 13, 2013).
2977:
2054:. Svetlina na Minatoto. p. 8.
1571:, Zapiski po bΓ»lgarskite vΓ»stania .
790:Internal Revolutionary Organization
525:
506:
219:its last and most common name i.e.
172:Bulgarians could participate in it.
24:
3593:It contains the following text in
2770:ΠΡΡΠΆΠ°Π²Π½Π° Π°Π³Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡ " ΠΡΡ
ΠΈΠ²ΠΈ", 1998,
1643:, East European Monographs, 2003,
1432:ΠΠ½ΠΈΠ³ΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ Π·Π° ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ°,
696:political autonomy of both regions
570:
192:(1896) cancelled this restriction.
25:
3639:
3411:Smolyan revolutionary subdistrict
1257:
739:Bulgarian Cultural Club in Skopje
489:Discovery of the statute of BMARC
293:, which was to be prepared for a
3600:
3587:
3571:
3558:
3539:
3527:
3511:
3492:
3475:
3456:
3446:
3433:
3416:
3402:
3386:
3369:
3357:
3345:
3335:
3317:
3304:
3292:
3280:
3268:
3256:
3247:
3238:
3229:
3180:
3163:
3145:
3127:
3110:
3092:
3074:
3065:
3048:
3038:
3026:
3012:
3002:
2965:
2956:
2946:
2937:
2928:
2919:
2910:
2901:
2888:
2871:
2862:
2853:
2841:
2828:
2816:
2799:
2790:
2781:
2763:
2754:
2729:
2704:
2679:
2654:
2645:
2636:
2580:ΠΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΡ
ΡΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΊΠΈ", Π‘ΠΎΡΠΈΡ, 1995;
2141:ΠΠ°ΡΠ½Π°, 1950-1959 Π³., ΡΡΡ. 63-64.
1228:
1164:
1148:
1139:authorities to their Embassy in
1128:
1116:
1100:
1080:
1057:
1041:
1029:
1009:
997:
974:
958:
945:
914:
897:
877:
553:Bulgarian nationalist propaganda
2715:. Lexington Books. p. 43.
2627:
2618:
2609:
2591:
2573:
2555:
2538:
2521:
2508:
2491:
2473:
2455:
2446:
2437:
2428:
2419:
2409:
2400:
2383:
2366:
2357:
2348:
2339:
2330:
2321:
2312:
2303:
2294:
2277:
2260:
2243:
2234:
2225:
2208:
2199:
2190:
2181:
2172:
2154:
2145:
2133:
2124:
2115:
2105:
2087:
2075:
2066:
2041:
2032:
2023:
2014:
1997:
1980:
1968:
1964:1922, ΡΡΡ. 45-2 ΠΠΎΠ΅ΡΠΎ ΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅.
1956:
1947:
1938:
1929:
1912:
1880:
1869:
1832:
1815:
1797:
1788:
1779:
1762:
1745:
1728:
1711:
1689:
1671:
1654:
1633:
1616:
1607:
1594:
1577:
1560:
1543:
1510:
1493:
1456:
1438:
1426:
1218:
1187:
981:According to the revolutionary
285:. These documents refer to the
3018:The author of the regulations
1417:
1404:
1392:
1380:
1371:
1354:
1336:
1318:
1301:
576:IMRO as Bulgarian organization
334:, in which the statute of the
229:pre-1945 Bulgarian orthography
13:
1:
3441:ΡΠΏ. ΠΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ°, 1.1, ΡΡΡ. 39-50
1294:
755:Bulgarians in North Macedonia
2973:Π‘ΠΎΡΠΈΡ, 1927 Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°, ΡΡΡ. 58.
2462:A History. Routledge, 2020,
7:
825:Bulgarian Action Committees
783:
299:political autonomy for them
10:
3644:
3342:Budapest, 2009) pp. 87-88.
2711:Horncastle, James (2019).
2416:DOI:10.14746/bp.2019.26.10
940:revolutionary subdistrict.
870:
753:, proposed to include the
247:. They were native to the
3264:Π€ΠΠΠ’.ΠΠ, 29 Π―Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈ, 2015.
2686:Perry M., Duncan (1988).
2048:Katardziev, Ivan (1968).
1668:, Introduction, p. Iviii.
1209:
1197:
721:
477:On the Macedonian Matters
287:then Bulgarian population
3288:MakPress.mk, 10/11/2018.
3276:ΠΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΡΠ», 19 Π°ΠΏΡΠΈΠ» 2016.
2169:, pp. 273β330. (p. 320).
1180:
563:organizational system.
511:
278:, i.e. "committee men".
2736:Maria Todorova (2004).
743:Macedonian constitution
685:Membership and ideology
474:states in his brochure
113:Excerpt from page 6 of
2836:Marginalia, 15.06.2018
1238:IMRO-revolutionaries (
846:"Kade odi Macedonija?"
606:
588:vilayet of Adrianopole
332:April Uprising of 1876
193:
173:
164:
155:
146:
137:
118:
106:
97:
78:
65:
3300:MakPress, 03/04/2023.
2661:Brown, Keith (2013).
923:Hristo Karamandzhukov
728:Ilinden-Preobrazhenie
711:Macedonian autonomism
702:, as well as by some
645:Periodization dispute
542:designation Bulgarian
385:Bulgarians Exarchists
225:Macedonian historians
179:
170:
161:
152:
143:
124:
112:
103:
84:
71:
30:
2606:; 2009. pp. 107-137.
592:Bulgarian population
540:identity, while the
330:'s memoir about the
305:Memoirs' controversy
1022:Bulgarian Exarchate
770:Yugoslav Macedonian
751:Lyubcho Georgievski
549:Bulgarian Exarchist
446:Bulgarian anarchist
413:Nikola Altaparmakov
269:Bulgarian Exarchate
262:. At this meeting,
249:region of Macedonia
3020:Ivan Hadzhinikolov
2896:ΠΠΎΡΠ΅ Π² Π©ΠΈΠΏ, ΠΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎ
2059:Ivan Hadzhinikolov
1639:Aarbakke, Vemund.
983:Vladislav Kovachev
678:Strandzha Mountain
616:Authorship dispute
453:Dimitar Popevtimov
401:Ivan Hadzhinikolov
194:
174:
165:
156:
147:
138:
119:
107:
98:
79:
66:
33:Bulgarian language
2989:Svoboda ili smart
2378:978-963-9241-82-4
1530:Svoboda ili smart
1050:Lyubomir Miletich
907:Svoboda ili smart
538:ethnic Macedonian
340:Adrianople region
253:anarcho-socialist
241:Svoboda ili smart
239:, and its motto:
42:Chapter I. β Goal
16:(Redirected from
3635:
3607:
3604:
3598:
3591:
3585:
3584:
3575:
3569:
3562:
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3333:
3321:
3315:
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2301:
2298:
2292:
2281:
2275:
2264:
2258:
2247:
2241:
2238:
2232:
2229:
2223:
2212:
2206:
2203:
2197:
2194:
2188:
2185:
2179:
2176:
2170:
2158:
2152:
2149:
2143:
2137:
2131:
2128:
2122:
2119:
2113:
2109:
2103:
2091:
2085:
2079:
2073:
2070:
2064:
2063:
2045:
2039:
2036:
2030:
2027:
2021:
2018:
2012:
2001:
1995:
1984:
1978:
1972:
1966:
1960:
1954:
1951:
1945:
1942:
1936:
1933:
1927:
1916:
1910:
1899:
1890:
1884:
1878:
1873:
1867:
1856:
1847:
1836:
1830:
1819:
1813:
1801:
1795:
1792:
1786:
1783:
1777:
1766:
1760:
1749:
1743:
1732:
1726:
1715:
1709:
1693:
1687:
1675:
1669:
1658:
1652:
1637:
1631:
1620:
1614:
1611:
1605:
1598:
1592:
1581:
1575:
1564:
1558:
1547:
1541:
1526:Georgi Benkovski
1514:
1508:
1497:
1491:
1480:
1471:
1460:
1454:
1442:
1436:
1430:
1424:
1421:
1415:
1408:
1402:
1396:
1390:
1384:
1378:
1375:
1369:
1358:
1352:
1340:
1334:
1322:
1316:
1305:
1251:
1232:
1226:
1222:
1216:
1215:
1203:
1191:
1168:
1152:
1135:Telegram by the
1132:
1120:
1104:
1084:
1061:
1045:
1033:
1013:
1001:
991:
978:
962:
949:
931:
918:
901:
890:Lyuben Karavelov
881:
715:Dimo Hadzhidimov
667:
526:Revisionist turn
507:Macedonian views
461:
442:Alekso Martulkov
439:
421:
374:
352:
324:Treaty of Berlin
312:Hristo Tatarchev
295:general uprising
198:organic statutes
182:Alekso Martulkov
135:
95:
87:Georgi Bazhdarov
21:
3643:
3642:
3638:
3637:
3636:
3634:
3633:
3632:
3613:
3612:
3611:
3610:
3605:
3601:
3595:Ottoman Turkish
3592:
3588:
3577:
3576:
3572:
3563:
3559:
3551:
3545:
3544:
3540:
3532:
3528:
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3516:
3512:
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3498:
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3457:
3451:
3447:
3438:
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3417:
3407:
3403:
3392:
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3387:
3375:
3374:
3370:
3362:
3358:
3350:
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3318:
3309:
3305:
3297:
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3243:
3239:
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3168:
3164:
3150:
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3115:
3111:
3107:, Introduction.
3097:
3093:
3079:
3075:
3070:
3066:
3053:
3049:
3043:
3039:
3031:
3027:
3017:
3013:
3007:
3003:
2999:, Π£Π²ΠΎΠ΄, ΡΡΡ. 7.
2985:
2978:
2970:
2966:
2961:
2957:
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2947:
2942:
2938:
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2833:
2829:
2821:
2817:
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2748:
2734:
2730:
2723:
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2705:
2698:
2684:
2680:
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2659:
2655:
2650:
2646:
2641:
2637:
2632:
2628:
2623:
2619:
2614:
2610:
2596:
2592:
2578:
2574:
2560:
2556:
2543:
2539:
2526:
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2513:
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2496:
2492:
2478:
2474:
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2456:
2451:
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2433:
2429:
2424:
2420:
2414:
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2405:
2401:
2388:
2384:
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2362:
2358:
2353:
2349:
2344:
2340:
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2326:
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2313:
2308:
2304:
2299:
2295:
2282:
2278:
2265:
2261:
2248:
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2239:
2235:
2230:
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2213:
2209:
2204:
2200:
2195:
2191:
2186:
2182:
2177:
2173:
2159:
2155:
2150:
2146:
2138:
2134:
2129:
2125:
2120:
2116:
2110:
2106:
2092:
2088:
2080:
2076:
2071:
2067:
2046:
2042:
2037:
2033:
2028:
2024:
2019:
2015:
2002:
1998:
1985:
1981:
1973:
1969:
1961:
1957:
1952:
1948:
1943:
1939:
1934:
1930:
1917:
1913:
1900:
1893:
1885:
1881:
1874:
1870:
1857:
1850:
1837:
1833:
1820:
1816:
1802:
1798:
1793:
1789:
1784:
1780:
1767:
1763:
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1746:
1733:
1729:
1716:
1712:
1694:
1690:
1676:
1672:
1659:
1655:
1638:
1634:
1621:
1617:
1612:
1608:
1599:
1595:
1582:
1578:
1569:Zahari Stoyanov
1565:
1561:
1548:
1544:
1515:
1511:
1498:
1494:
1481:
1474:
1461:
1457:
1443:
1439:
1431:
1427:
1422:
1418:
1409:
1405:
1397:
1393:
1385:
1381:
1376:
1372:
1359:
1355:
1341:
1337:
1323:
1319:
1306:
1302:
1297:
1260:
1255:
1254:
1233:
1229:
1223:
1219:
1192:
1188:
1183:
1176:
1169:
1160:
1153:
1144:
1133:
1124:
1121:
1112:
1109:Spiro Gulabchev
1105:
1096:
1093:Hristo Silyanov
1085:
1076:
1062:
1053:
1046:
1037:
1034:
1025:
1014:
1005:
1002:
993:
985:
979:
970:
963:
954:
950:
941:
925:
919:
910:
902:
893:
882:
873:
833:
795:Unity Committee
786:
778:historical myth
774:Darko Mitrevski
759:ethnic minority
732:Southern Thrace
724:
707:Slavic-speakers
687:
661:
647:
618:
609:
597:Eastern Rumelia
583:Macedonian then
578:
573:
571:Bulgarian views
557:Adrianoplolitan
533:BlaΕΎe Ristovski
528:
519:Gane Todorovski
514:
509:
496:Ivan KatardΕΎiev
491:
486:
468:Hristo Silyanov
455:
449:Spiro Gulabchev
433:
415:
368:
346:
328:Zahari Stoyanov
307:
129:
127:Nikola Zografov
115:Spiro Gulabchev
89:
61:
57:
52:
44:
40:
36:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3641:
3631:
3630:
3625:
3609:
3608:
3599:
3586:
3570:
3557:
3538:
3526:
3510:
3491:
3474:
3455:
3445:
3432:
3415:
3401:
3385:
3368:
3356:
3344:
3334:
3316:
3303:
3291:
3279:
3267:
3255:
3246:
3237:
3228:
3201:
3179:
3162:
3144:
3126:
3124:, pp. 107-137.
3109:
3091:
3073:
3064:
3047:
3037:
3025:
3011:
3001:
2976:
2964:
2955:
2945:
2936:
2927:
2918:
2909:
2900:
2887:
2870:
2861:
2852:
2840:
2827:
2815:
2798:
2789:
2780:
2762:
2753:
2746:
2728:
2721:
2703:
2696:
2678:
2671:
2653:
2644:
2635:
2626:
2617:
2608:
2590:
2572:
2554:
2537:
2520:
2507:
2490:
2472:
2454:
2445:
2436:
2427:
2418:
2408:
2399:
2397:, pp. 107-137.
2382:
2380:, pp. 110β115.
2365:
2356:
2347:
2338:
2329:
2320:
2311:
2302:
2293:
2276:
2259:
2242:
2233:
2224:
2207:
2198:
2189:
2180:
2171:
2153:
2144:
2132:
2123:
2114:
2104:
2086:
2074:
2065:
2040:
2031:
2022:
2013:
1996:
1979:
1967:
1955:
1946:
1937:
1928:
1911:
1891:
1879:
1868:
1848:
1831:
1814:
1796:
1787:
1778:
1761:
1744:
1727:
1710:
1688:
1670:
1653:
1632:
1615:
1606:
1593:
1576:
1559:
1542:
1509:
1492:
1472:
1455:
1453:. pp. 114-115.
1437:
1425:
1416:
1403:
1391:
1379:
1370:
1353:
1335:
1317:
1299:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1292:
1291:
1285:
1279:
1273:
1267:
1259:
1258:External links
1256:
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1252:
1227:
1217:
1185:
1184:
1182:
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1177:
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1122:
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1113:
1106:
1099:
1097:
1086:
1079:
1077:
1073:Yane Sandanski
1064:The newspaper
1063:
1056:
1054:
1047:
1040:
1038:
1035:
1028:
1026:
1018:Dimitar Vlahov
1015:
1008:
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797:
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782:
757:as a separate
723:
720:
686:
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670:Mihajlo Ristic
646:
643:
638:Gyorche Petrov
626:Gyorche Petrov
617:
614:
608:
605:
577:
574:
572:
569:
527:
524:
513:
510:
508:
505:
490:
487:
485:
482:
472:Krste Misirkov
431:Iliya Doktorov
424:Dimitar Vlahov
320:Petar Poparsov
316:Gyorche Petrov
306:
303:
291:Ottoman Empire
264:Ivan Tatarchev
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3640:
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3487:9789549800623
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3428:9789540914275
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3202:9789004250765
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3060:9781527550735
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3005:
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2997:9789549800623
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2883:9789549000610
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2811:954-90700-2-6
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2757:
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2732:
2724:
2722:9781498585057
2718:
2714:
2707:
2699:
2697:9780822308133
2693:
2689:
2682:
2674:
2672:9780253008473
2668:
2664:
2657:
2648:
2639:
2630:
2621:
2612:
2605:
2604:9786155211669
2601:
2594:
2587:
2586:9789540706030
2583:
2576:
2569:
2568:9786155211669
2565:
2558:
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2547:
2541:
2534:
2533:9789549384116
2530:
2524:
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2511:
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2500:
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2487:
2486:9780880333832
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2476:
2469:
2468:9780367218263
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2289:9780313043413
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2272:9781538119624
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2228:
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2220:9789549943092
2217:
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2053:
2052:
2044:
2035:
2026:
2017:
2010:
2009:9786082452197
2006:
2000:
1993:
1989:
1983:
1977:
1971:
1965:
1959:
1950:
1941:
1932:
1925:
1921:
1915:
1909:; Ρ. 203-207.
1908:
1904:
1898:
1896:
1888:
1883:
1877:
1872:
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1855:
1853:
1845:
1844:9780367218263
1841:
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1827:9780275976484
1824:
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1810:9783825813871
1807:
1800:
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1757:9783643914460
1754:
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1740:9781538119624
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1513:
1506:
1505:9780880335270
1502:
1496:
1489:
1488:9780367218263
1485:
1479:
1477:
1470:, p. 253-254.
1469:
1465:
1459:
1452:
1451:9786155211669
1448:
1441:
1435:
1429:
1420:
1413:
1407:
1400:
1395:
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1374:
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1366:9780198363866
1363:
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1349:9781850655343
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1332:
1328:
1321:
1314:
1310:
1304:
1300:
1289:
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1283:
1280:
1277:
1274:
1271:
1268:
1265:
1262:
1261:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1236:pro-Bulgarian
1231:
1221:
1213:
1207:
1201:
1195:
1190:
1186:
1174:
1167:
1162:
1158:
1151:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1131:
1126:
1119:
1114:
1110:
1103:
1098:
1094:
1090:
1083:
1078:
1074:
1071:
1067:
1060:
1055:
1051:
1044:
1039:
1032:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1012:
1007:
1000:
995:
989:
984:
977:
972:
968:
961:
956:
948:
943:
939:
935:
929:
924:
917:
912:
908:
900:
895:
891:
887:
880:
875:
874:
865:
861:
858:
856:
852:
849:
847:
843:
839:
835:
834:
826:
823:
821:
818:
816:
813:
811:
808:
806:
803:
801:
798:
796:
793:
791:
788:
787:
781:
779:
775:
771:
766:
764:
760:
756:
752:
748:
744:
740:
735:
733:
729:
719:
716:
712:
708:
705:
701:
697:
693:
692:umbrella term
682:
679:
674:
671:
665:
660:
659:Gottlieb Para
655:
653:
642:
639:
635:
631:
627:
623:
622:Gotse Delchev
613:
604:
602:
598:
593:
589:
584:
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389:Patriarchists
386:
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376:
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362:
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356:
353:(1869-1933)
350:
345:
344:Hristo Kotsev
341:
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163:Organization.
160:
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133:
128:
123:
116:
111:
102:
93:
88:
83:
75:
74:Gotse Delchev
70:
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51:
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43:
39:
34:
29:
19:
3602:
3589:
3579:
3573:
3560:
3547:
3541:
3529:
3519:
3513:
3500:
3494:
3477:
3464:
3458:
3448:
3435:
3430:, ΠΡΠ΅Π΄Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ.
3418:
3404:
3394:
3388:
3377:
3371:
3359:
3347:
3337:
3319:
3306:
3294:
3282:
3270:
3258:
3249:
3240:
3231:
3192:
3182:
3177:, pp. 15-16.
3165:
3147:
3129:
3112:
3094:
3076:
3067:
3050:
3040:
3028:
3014:
3004:
2967:
2958:
2948:
2939:
2930:
2921:
2912:
2903:
2890:
2873:
2864:
2855:
2843:
2830:
2818:
2801:
2792:
2783:
2765:
2756:
2737:
2731:
2712:
2706:
2687:
2681:
2662:
2656:
2647:
2638:
2629:
2620:
2611:
2593:
2575:
2557:
2540:
2523:
2510:
2493:
2475:
2470:, pp. 40-41.
2457:
2448:
2439:
2430:
2421:
2411:
2402:
2385:
2368:
2359:
2350:
2341:
2332:
2323:
2314:
2305:
2296:
2279:
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2245:
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2227:
2210:
2201:
2192:
2183:
2174:
2156:
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2126:
2117:
2107:
2089:
2077:
2068:
2055:
2050:
2043:
2034:
2025:
2016:
2011:, ΡΡΡ. 427.
1999:
1982:
1970:
1958:
1949:
1940:
1931:
1926:, pp. 39β40.
1914:
1882:
1871:
1834:
1817:
1799:
1790:
1781:
1764:
1747:
1730:
1713:
1697:
1691:
1673:
1656:
1640:
1635:
1618:
1609:
1596:
1579:
1566:
1562:
1545:
1540:, pp. 39β40.
1522:Hristo Botev
1518:Vasil Levski
1512:
1495:
1490:, pp. 40-41.
1458:
1440:
1428:
1419:
1406:
1394:
1382:
1373:
1356:
1338:
1320:
1303:
1230:
1220:
1211:
1199:
1189:
1157:Pester Lloyd
1088:
967:Peyo Yavorov
886:Vasil Levski
767:
736:
725:
704:Patriarchist
688:
675:
656:
652:Pester Lloyd
648:
630:Peyo Yavorov
619:
610:
579:
565:
561:supra-ethnic
556:
546:
529:
515:
492:
475:
464:Peyo Yavorov
428:
381:Hristo Matov
377:
366:Lazar Gyurov
363:
308:
282:
280:
273:
257:
213:Thessaloniki
207:
195:
62:
58:
53:
45:
41:
37:
3219:|work=
2885:, ΡΡΡ. 178.
2778:, ΡΡΡ. 563.
2222:, ΡΡΡ. 140.
1630:, ΡΡΡ. 199.
986: [
926: [
838:Vasko Eftov
662: [
456: [
434: [
416: [
397:Protestants
369: [
347: [
130: [
90: [
3617:Categories
3175:0801469791
3158:0230535798
3140:0691043566
3122:9639776289
3105:0810862956
3087:0914710559
2776:9549800040
2747:1850657157
2588:, ΡΡΡ. 73.
2550:0810862956
2535:, ΡΡΡ. 65.
2503:9546210056
2395:9639776289
2255:1850655340
2167:900425076X
2100:9549514560
1992:9546210056
1924:0822308134
1907:9545092335
1864:9549800407
1774:1850437874
1706:0416747302
1684:900425076X
1666:0810862956
1649:0880335270
1589:0230535798
1555:0815340583
1538:0822308134
1468:1442241802
1331:9549800407
1313:0815340583
1295:References
1206:Macedonian
747:VMRO-DPMNE
634:Liberation
501:Bulgarians
355:Dame Gruev
275:Comitadjis
145:remember".
3489:ΡΡΡ. 142.
3330:1409-9454
3221:ignored (
3211:cite book
2552:, p. 140.
2291:, p. 441.
2274:, p. 145.
1846:, p. 240.
1829:, p. 112.
1812:, p. 135.
1759:, p. 211.
1686:, p. 300.
1591:, p. 236.
1557:, p. 808.
1315:, p. 808.
1248:Serbomans
1244:Grecomans
1194:Bulgarian
1066:Yeni AsΔ±r
860:Vo centar
851:Vo centar
842:Vo Centar
405:Macedonia
55:uprising.
3160:, p. 55.
3142:, p. 64.
3089:, p. 10.
2813:ΡΡΡ. 22.
2488:, p. 39.
2257:, p. 53.
1776:, p. 33.
1742:, p. 11.
1708:, p. 71.
1651:, p. 92.
1507:, p. 97.
1368:, p. 54.
1351:, p. 55.
1052:in 1928.
784:See also
590:, whose
237:the lion
190:Salonica
3568: ;
3062:, p. 3.
2570:p. 115.
1137:Ottoman
934:Smolyan
871:Gallery
844:called
393:Uniates
289:in the
210:Ottoman
3485:
3426:
3328:
3199:
3173:
3156:
3138:
3120:
3103:
3085:
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2584:
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2287:
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2253:
2218:
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2098:
2007:
1990:
1922:
1905:
1862:
1842:
1825:
1808:
1772:
1755:
1738:
1725:p. 53.
1721:
1704:
1682:
1664:
1647:
1626:
1587:
1574:(408).
1553:
1536:
1503:
1486:
1466:
1449:
1364:
1347:
1343:Hurst,
1329:
1311:
1070:chetas
938:Xanthi
722:Legacy
700:Vlachs
628:. Per
3552:(PDF)
3505:(PDF)
3469:(PDF)
1212:ΠΠΠΠ Π
1200:ΠΠΠΠ Π
1181:Notes
1173:Sofia
1141:Sofia
990:]
930:]
666:]
512:BMARC
460:]
438:]
420:]
373:]
351:]
260:Resen
217:Sofia
186:Resen
134:]
94:]
3483:ISBN
3424:ISBN
3326:ISSN
3223:help
3197:ISBN
3171:ISBN
3154:ISBN
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3083:ISBN
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3045:333.
2993:ISBN
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624:and
429:Per
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395:and
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