19:
99:
151:
On the night of 7 December 1942, in a solemn ceremony, the ashes of the
Japanese war dead encased in white wooden boxes were brought to the foot of the long flight of steps leading to Syonan Chureito and ceremoniously carried up the torch-lit steps for interment inside a small shrine located at the
160:
fame. The
Japanese memorial was a 12 metres tall wooden mast capped with a brass cone. The words "chu rei to" was inscribed on its side which meant "the sacrifice made by the fallen soldiers". A plain, stout, wooden fence surrounded the memorial. The Allies' memorial was unveiled on the same day by
137:
for their war dead but the POWs asked the
Japanese for permission to build a memorial to their own war dead near the Japanese memorial and had been given permission and materials to erect a 15-foot (4.6 m) wooden cross behind Syonan Chureito. The Japanese had hoped to capitalise on the
142:
Yasugi Tamura. About 500 Australian POWs mainly from the
Artillery, and Infantry battalions, encamped at Sime Road and Adam Park were marched back and forth each day between the job site and their camp and worked tirelessly until both memorials were completed.
177:. Like Syonan Chureito, Syonan Jinja was destroyed too after the war to prevent it from being desecrated by the returning Allied forces. The ashes at the Japanese war memorial were subsequently re-interred in the
132:
fame, belonged to one of the work parties that built the stairs and a road named Lorong Sesuai, leading to the two memorials on top of Bukit Batok. The
Japanese had originally planned just one memorial called
173:
The two memorials on the hilltop were torn down when the
Japanese surrendered and all that remains are two entrance pillars and the 120 steps that now lead to a transmission tower operated by
1252:
543:
1222:
189:(NHB) erected a memorial plaque at the foot of the steps to commemorate this little known history and the sufferings of the Australian POWs during the
1257:
536:
1232:
492:
395:
National
Heritage Board (1995). "World War II Sites of Singapore – In Commemoration of the 50th Anniversary of the End of World War II".
74:
shrine to commemorate their war dead in the vicinity. Bukit Batok was significant as the 400-foot (120 m) high hill overlooked the
1242:
1227:
529:
161:
one of the POW camp commanders with a speech thanking the
Japanese Army. Military and Japanese officials would regularly worship the
552:
54:. The two memorials were destroyed after the war and only the road and stairs that used to lead to them mark its legacy today.
880:
802:
697:
410:
186:
1161:
963:
479:
460:
441:
422:
182:
1171:
989:
190:
1237:
707:
106:
and the Allies' Memorial (depicted behind the
Japanese Memorial) on the Memorial Plaque at Bukit Batok Hill today
357:
138:
propaganda value of acceding to the request. The
Japanese engineering commander-in-charge of the POWs then was
181:
in Chuan Hoe Avenue. Upon a suggestion to the authorities by a former Australian POW, S. Hannam, in 1981, the
797:
591:
1036:
928:
110:
POW labour was used to build a total of three war memorials, including one dedicated to the fallen of the
1181:
953:
938:
586:
272:) which is awarding grave tower (塔) with engraved name and bone remains basically for war dead soldier’s
1136:
1009:
984:
958:
923:
870:
1126:
1031:
994:
913:
832:
782:
70:
took place in early 1942. As a result, in June 1942, the Japanese wanted to build a war memorial and
1151:
1131:
1054:
943:
297:
1203:
1077:
1014:
847:
281:
83:
908:
812:
178:
79:
43:
1113:
1064:
918:
842:
807:
792:
671:
648:
581:
289:
67:
47:
1247:
948:
822:
759:
361:
121:
111:
82:, General Officer Commanding, HQ Malaya Command, had surrendered over 125,000 British and
8:
1108:
903:
893:
817:
638:
623:
22:
The former stairs and memorial plaque (set in the centre) at Bukit Batok Hill, Singapore.
1186:
999:
827:
600:
328:
285:
257:
87:
75:
165:
and the deified spirits of their fallen comrades at Syonan Chureito and Syonan Jinja.
1166:
1121:
865:
658:
628:
475:
456:
437:
418:
277:
1141:
933:
837:
666:
521:
162:
51:
744:
739:
293:
39:
1176:
1103:
968:
717:
643:
576:
560:
153:
125:
1216:
1146:
1087:
1082:
1072:
885:
712:
692:
605:
507:
494:
129:
787:
754:
734:
722:
702:
194:
116:
1156:
898:
633:
301:
157:
63:
31:
1046:
1019:
875:
98:
1024:
749:
365:
313:
174:
18:
1004:
769:
727:
687:
571:
434:
Kranji—The Commonwealth War Cemetery and the Politics of the Dead
139:
34:
Hill upon which once stood two war memorials built by Australian
857:
317:
71:
309:
265:
66:
area, where some of the heaviest fighting on the island—the
273:
453:
The Syonan Years: Singapore Under Japanese Rule 1942—1945
35:
409:
193:. In 1995, the NHB gazetted the site as one of the 11
551:
1253:
1942 establishments in the Japanese colonial empire
472:
The Changi Murals—The Story of Stanley Warren's War
1214:
326:
255:
537:
455:. Singapore: National Archives of Singapore.
1223:Buildings and structures completed in 1942
544:
530:
124:during the Occupation. English bombardier
347:Lee, "War Memorials and Shrines", p. 132.
114:in June 1945, and a Shinto shrine called
93:
97:
17:
308:in Japan more than listed, and nine in
1258:20th-century architecture in Singapore
1215:
469:
219:
217:
215:
525:
343:
341:
152:top. The guest of honour was General
1233:Monuments and memorials in Singapore
881:Buddha Tooth Relic Temple and Museum
803:Former Indian National Army Monument
431:
90:on the evening of 15 February 1942.
450:
212:
38:to commemorate the war dead of the
13:
338:
146:
30:is located on top of the tranquil
14:
1269:
964:Sun Yat Sen Nanyang Memorial Hall
436:. Singapore: Marshall Cavendish.
183:Singapore Tourist Promotion Board
168:
1243:Tourist attractions in Singapore
1228:Japanese occupation of Singapore
1172:The Maritime Experiential Museum
990:Central Catchment Nature Reserve
553:Tourist attractions in Singapore
417:. Singapore: Archipelago Press.
386:National Heritage Board, p. 128.
191:Japanese Occupation of Singapore
62:Bukit Batok is located near the
1162:Singapore Pinacothèque de Paris
402:
46:who fought during the decisive
474:. Singapore: Landmarks Books.
389:
380:
350:
244:
235:
232:National Heritage Board, p.47.
226:
1:
798:Early Founders Memorial Stone
415:Singapore 100 Historic Places
200:
86:troops to Lieutenant-General
1037:Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve
929:National Museum of Singapore
276:(霊) with loyalty (忠) during
7:
954:Singapore Philatelic Museum
939:Reflections at Bukit Chandu
587:Universal Studios Singapore
10:
1274:
1137:Great World Amusement Park
985:Bukit Timah Nature Reserve
959:Singapore Discovery Centre
924:National Gallery Singapore
871:Asian Civilisations Museum
57:
1201:
1194:Wonderland Amusement Park
1096:
1063:
1045:
1032:Singapore Botanic Gardens
977:
914:Madame Tussauds Singapore
856:
768:
680:
657:
616:
559:
508:1.3508917°N 103.7667694°E
470:Stubbs, Peter W. (2003).
358:"Bukit Batok Nature Park"
327:
256:
78:where Lieutenant-General
1152:New World Amusement Park
1132:Gay World Amusement Park
944:Science Centre Singapore
886:Changi Chapel and Museum
592:Adventure Cove Waterpark
298:Second Sino-Japanese War
205:
50:in Singapore during the
1204:Singapore Tourism Board
1015:Labrador Nature Reserve
890:Chinese Heritage Centre
411:National Heritage Board
282:First Sino-Japanese War
187:National Heritage Board
1238:World War II memorials
909:Indian Heritage Centre
833:Raffles's Landing Site
813:Japanese Cemetery Park
513:1.3508917; 103.7667694
451:Lee, Geok Boi (2005).
179:Japanese Cemetery Park
107:
102:The etched drawing of
94:Allies' Memorial Cross
80:Arthur Ernest Percival
23:
919:Malay Heritage Centre
843:Tan Kim Seng Fountain
793:Civilian War Memorial
672:Resorts World Sentosa
649:Pasir Panjang Pillbox
582:Resorts World Sentosa
290:Siberian intervention
101:
68:Battle of Bukit Timah
48:Battle of Bukit Timah
21:
1118:CN-West Leisure Park
949:Singapore Art Museum
823:Lim Bo Seng Memorial
778:Bukit Batok Memorial
760:Jewel Changi Airport
432:Bose, Romen (2005).
362:National Parks Board
335:site as of May 2024.
197:sites in Singapore.
122:MacRitchie Reservoir
112:Indian National Army
28:Bukit Batok Memorial
1109:Beauty World Market
904:Images of Singapore
894:Former Ford Factory
818:Kranji War Memorial
639:Fort Tanjong Katong
624:Buona Vista Battery
504: /
368:on 26 February 2007
1187:Van Kleef Aquarium
1000:Gardens by the Bay
828:Old Tao Nan School
808:Founders' Memorial
698:Esplanade Theatres
659:Integrated resorts
601:NTUC Downtown East
286:Russo-Japanese War
241:Stubbs, pp. 41—43.
108:
88:Tomoyuki Yamashita
76:Ford Motor Factory
24:
1210:
1209:
1167:Tang Dynasty City
1122:Escape Theme Park
866:ArtScience Museum
681:Mixed specialties
629:Fort Canning Hill
568:Coastal PlayGrove
278:Satsuma Rebellion
1265:
1182:Underwater World
1142:Jurong Bird Park
934:Peranakan Museum
838:SGH War Memorial
667:Marina Bay Sands
546:
539:
532:
523:
522:
519:
518:
516:
515:
514:
509:
505:
502:
501:
500:
497:
485:
466:
447:
428:
396:
393:
387:
384:
378:
377:
375:
373:
364:. Archived from
354:
348:
345:
336:
334:
332:
331:
263:
261:
260:
248:
242:
239:
233:
230:
224:
223:Bose, pp. 48—50.
221:
163:Japanese Emperor
52:Second World War
1273:
1272:
1268:
1267:
1266:
1264:
1263:
1262:
1213:
1212:
1211:
1206:
1197:
1092:
1059:
1055:S.E.A. Aquarium
1041:
1010:Japanese Garden
973:
852:
764:
745:Singapore River
740:Singapore Flyer
676:
653:
612:
561:Amusement parks
555:
550:
512:
510:
506:
503:
498:
495:
493:
491:
490:
488:
482:
463:
444:
425:
405:
400:
399:
394:
390:
385:
381:
371:
369:
356:
355:
351:
346:
339:
324:
294:Mukden incident
253:
249:
245:
240:
236:
231:
227:
222:
213:
208:
203:
171:
149:
147:Syonan Chureito
135:Syonan Chureito
104:Syonan Chureito
96:
60:
12:
11:
5:
1271:
1261:
1260:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1208:
1207:
1202:
1199:
1198:
1196:
1195:
1192:
1189:
1184:
1179:
1177:Ultimate Magic
1174:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1127:Fantasy Island
1124:
1119:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1104:Alkaff Gardens
1100:
1098:
1094:
1093:
1091:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1069:
1067:
1061:
1060:
1058:
1057:
1051:
1049:
1043:
1042:
1040:
1039:
1034:
1029:
1028:
1027:
1017:
1012:
1007:
1002:
997:
995:Chinese Garden
992:
987:
981:
979:
975:
974:
972:
971:
969:The Battle Box
966:
961:
956:
951:
946:
941:
936:
931:
926:
921:
916:
911:
906:
901:
896:
891:
888:
883:
878:
873:
868:
862:
860:
854:
853:
851:
850:
845:
840:
835:
830:
825:
820:
815:
810:
805:
800:
795:
790:
785:
783:Caldwell House
780:
774:
772:
766:
765:
763:
762:
757:
752:
747:
742:
737:
732:
731:
730:
720:
718:Marina Barrage
715:
710:
708:Harmony Centre
705:
700:
695:
690:
684:
682:
678:
677:
675:
674:
669:
663:
661:
655:
654:
652:
651:
646:
644:Johore Battery
641:
636:
631:
626:
620:
618:
614:
613:
611:
610:
609:
608:
598:
597:
596:
595:
594:
589:
579:
577:Imbiah Lookout
569:
565:
563:
557:
556:
549:
548:
541:
534:
526:
487:
486:
480:
467:
461:
448:
442:
429:
423:
406:
404:
401:
398:
397:
388:
379:
349:
337:
312:, one each in
243:
234:
225:
210:
209:
207:
204:
202:
199:
170:
169:Post-war years
167:
154:Homma Masaharu
148:
145:
126:Stanley Warren
95:
92:
59:
56:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1270:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1220:
1218:
1205:
1200:
1193:
1190:
1188:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1147:Malay Village
1145:
1143:
1140:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1101:
1099:
1095:
1089:
1088:Singapore Zoo
1086:
1084:
1083:River Wonders
1081:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1073:Bird Paradise
1071:
1070:
1068:
1066:
1062:
1056:
1053:
1052:
1050:
1048:
1044:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1026:
1023:
1022:
1021:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1011:
1008:
1006:
1003:
1001:
998:
996:
993:
991:
988:
986:
983:
982:
980:
976:
970:
967:
965:
962:
960:
957:
955:
952:
950:
947:
945:
942:
940:
937:
935:
932:
930:
927:
925:
922:
920:
917:
915:
912:
910:
907:
905:
902:
900:
897:
895:
892:
889:
887:
884:
882:
879:
877:
874:
872:
869:
867:
864:
863:
861:
859:
855:
849:
846:
844:
841:
839:
836:
834:
831:
829:
826:
824:
821:
819:
816:
814:
811:
809:
806:
804:
801:
799:
796:
794:
791:
789:
786:
784:
781:
779:
776:
775:
773:
771:
767:
761:
758:
756:
753:
751:
748:
746:
743:
741:
738:
736:
733:
729:
726:
725:
724:
721:
719:
716:
714:
713:Haw Par Villa
711:
709:
706:
704:
701:
699:
696:
694:
693:Clifford Pier
691:
689:
686:
685:
683:
679:
673:
670:
668:
665:
664:
662:
660:
656:
650:
647:
645:
642:
640:
637:
635:
632:
630:
627:
625:
622:
621:
619:
615:
607:
606:Wild Wild Wet
604:
603:
602:
599:
593:
590:
588:
585:
584:
583:
580:
578:
575:
574:
573:
570:
567:
566:
564:
562:
558:
554:
547:
542:
540:
535:
533:
528:
527:
524:
520:
517:
499:103°46′0.37″E
483:
481:981-3065-84-2
477:
473:
468:
464:
462:981-05-4290-9
458:
454:
449:
445:
443:981-261-275-0
439:
435:
430:
426:
424:981-4068-23-3
420:
416:
412:
408:
407:
392:
383:
367:
363:
359:
353:
344:
342:
330:
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
259:
252:
247:
238:
229:
220:
218:
216:
211:
198:
196:
192:
188:
184:
180:
176:
166:
164:
159:
155:
144:
141:
136:
131:
130:Changi Murals
127:
123:
119:
118:
113:
105:
100:
91:
89:
85:
81:
77:
73:
69:
65:
55:
53:
49:
45:
41:
37:
33:
29:
20:
16:
1078:Night Safari
978:Nature parks
848:The Cenotaph
788:CHIJMES Hall
777:
755:Helix Bridge
735:Orchard Road
723:Merlion Park
703:Geylang Road
496:01°21′3.21″N
489:
471:
452:
433:
414:
403:Bibliography
391:
382:
370:. Retrieved
366:the original
352:
321:
305:
304:. Number of
269:
250:
246:
237:
228:
195:World War II
172:
150:
134:
117:Syonan Jinja
115:
109:
103:
84:Commonwealth
61:
27:
25:
15:
1248:Bukit Batok
1191:Volcanoland
1157:Punggol Zoo
1047:Oceanariums
899:Fort Siloso
634:Fort Siloso
511: /
302:Pacific War
270:Chu rei tou
158:Philippines
64:Bukit Timah
32:Bukit Batok
1217:Categories
1114:Big Splash
1020:Pulau Ubin
876:Baba House
201:References
1065:MWG parks
1025:Chek Jawa
770:Monuments
750:Snow City
314:Singapore
264:(Reading
175:Mediacorp
1005:HortPark
413:(2002).
322:Chureito
306:Chureito
251:Chureito
42:and the
40:Japanese
1097:Defunct
858:Museums
728:Merlion
688:CHIJMES
572:Sentosa
140:Colonel
128:of the
58:History
478:
459:
440:
421:
372:27 May
329:ja:忠霊塔
318:Taiwan
300:, and
258:ja:忠霊塔
72:Shinto
44:Allies
617:Forts
310:China
266:Kanji
206:Notes
476:ISBN
457:ISBN
438:ISBN
419:ISBN
374:2007
316:and
274:soul
185:and
36:POWs
26:The
320:in
156:of
120:in
1219::
360:.
340:^
296:,
292:,
288:,
284:,
280:,
268::
214:^
545:e
538:t
531:v
484:.
465:.
446:.
427:.
376:.
333:)
325:(
262:)
254:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
