376:) acts as the definitive hosts in which the adult worms cause filariasis. The infective larvae called L3 (third stage) larvae are transmitted by an infected mosquito onto the skin of the definitive host. Once reaching the blood stream, they grow into adult roundworms. Male and female worms reproduce to release the young worms called microfilariae. These microfilariae move to peripheral blood stream from where they are picked up by another mosquito. Inside the mosquito, they became larvae, first L1 and then L3. The L3 larvae are stored in the proboscis from where they are ejected into the host during biting.
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roundworms are small, measuring less than a centimetre. The longest female is 60 mm long and 0.19 mm wide, and male is 25 mm long and 0.1 mm wide. Like other roundworms, the females are larger and longer than the males. The young ones called microfilariae are less than half a
229:. It was reported by a Dutch parasitologist Steffen Lambert Brug in 1927 from Southeast Asia (Malaya, for which the name was given). It was originally believed to be similar or closely related to another filarial roundworm then named
347:
roundworms complete their life cycle in two different hosts. Mosquitos are the intermediate host in which the young larvae develop, and thus they are also the vectors of filariasis. Different species of
247:. Brug was aware of the difference mainly on the basis of their occurrence. He found both the worms in Sumatra, Java, Borneo, and Celebes; but in New Guinea only
274:
was described by
Buckley, with G. S. Nelson and R. B. Heisch, in 1958. It was discovered from cats and dogs in Pate Island, Kenya. Buckley reexamined all the
881:
Shenoy, RK; Rakesh, PG; Baldwin, CI; Denham, DA (1996). "The sheath of the microfilaria of Brugia malayi from human infections has IgG on its surface".
1147:
332:. But they can be differentiated from their smaller microfilariae, complex spicules, and fewer caudal papillae (typically 11, while it is 24 in
213:
167:
1160:
392:
Sudomo, M; Chayabejara, S; Duong, S; Hernandez, L; Wu, WP; Bergquist, R (2010). "Elimination of lymphatic filariasis in
Southeast Asia".
1121:
1193:
251:
was present, but not the new species. They are so similar that even after a decade of research, there were still arguments of
977:
Flockhart, HA; Denham, DA (1984). "Differentiation of species and life cycle stages of Brugia spp. by isoenzyme analysis".
413:
924:
Edeson, J. F. B.; Wilson, T. (1964). "The
Epidemiology of Filariasis Due to Wuchereria Bancroft and Brugia Malayi".
1165:
437:
Mak, JW; Navaratnam, V; Ramachandran, CP (1991). "Experimental chemotherapy of lymphatic filariasis. A review".
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millimetre. They are enclosed in a sheath (egg shell) which are easily stained with Giemsa stain (but not for
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as a separate and valid species. As such S. Sundar Rao and P.A. Maplestone assigned the name
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infect domestic cats, dogs and other animals. They are transmitted by the bite of mosquitos.
618:
Wharton, R. H. (1957). "Studies on
Filariasis in Malaya: Observations on the Development of
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574:
551:
235:
202:
8:
266:) was discovered in 1956 from dog and cat, J. J. C. Buckley and J. F. B. Edeson named it
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Townson, H; Chaithong, U (1991). "Mosquito host influences on development of filariae".
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is a genus for a group of small roundworms. They are among roundworms that cause the
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n.sp. from the
Lymphatics of Cats, Dogs and Genet Gats on Pate Island, Kenya".
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after the village Pahang in Malay, where it was discovered. Another species
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Partono, F; Dennis, DT; Atmosoedjono, S; Oemijati, S; Cross, JH (1977). "
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318:). The sheath protects them while moving in the blood stream. Species of
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Buckley, J. J. C.; Edeson, J. F. B. (1956). "On the Adult
Morphology of
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Vincent, Albert L.; Frommes, Stephen P.; Ash, Lawrence R. (1976). "
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species in 1960, and concluded that the genus should contain only
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in 1877. It was for this reason that Brug gave the original name
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sp. n. (nematoda: filarioidea) from Flores Island, Indonesia".
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79:
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Buckley, J. J. C.; Nelson, G. S.; Heisch, R. B. (1958). "On
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in 1940. The scientific name was retained for two decades.
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Disease info at
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
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436:
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in honour of the original discoverer, thus renaming
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552:"Filariasis in Nederlandsch-Indie, III. Author(s)"
556:Geneeskundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsche-Indie
471:
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958:. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
514:
1033:NIH Filariasis Research Reagent Resource Center
976:
474:Brugia malayi, Brugia pahangi, and Brugia patei
798:Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology
628:Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology
302:was reported from Flores Island in Indonesia.
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517:Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology
439:Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology
189:. Specifically, of the three species known,
360:act as the intermediate hosts. Humans (for
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31:
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952:"Biology - Life Cycle of Brugia malayi"
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1023:Classification at Animal Diversity Web
239:), described by an English naturalist
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573:Rao, S.S.; Maplestone, P.A. (1940).
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938:10.1146/annurev.en.09.010164.001333
796:Buckley, Nelson and Heisch, 1958".
624:Mansonia (Mansonioides) Longipalpis
13:
673:) and from Cats in Malaya, and on
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1016:
225:The first species discovered was
476:: Pulmonary pathology in jirds,
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262:When a new species (now called
1194:Parasitic nematodes of mammals
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792:Buckley and Edeson, 1956, and
772:Buckley, J. J. C. (1960). "On
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677:n.sp. from a Dog and a Cat".
406:10.1016/S0065-308X(10)72008-X
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245:Microfilaria (Filaria) malayi
494:10.1016/0014-4894(76)90100-4
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979:The Journal of Parasitology
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840:The Journal of Parasitology
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738:10.1017/S0022149X00019362
691:10.1017/S0022149X00032922
482:Experimental Parasitology
298:. In 1977, a new species
282:. He created a new genus
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53:Scientific classification
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39:
30:
23:
726:Journal of Helminthology
679:Journal of Helminthology
394:Advances in Parasitology
43:from blood smear using
583:Indian Medical Gazette
241:Thomas Spencer Cobbold
231:Microfilaria bancrofti
1204:Insect-borne diseases
895:10.1007/s004360050132
883:Parasitology Research
478:Meriones unguiculatus
550:Brug, S. L. (1931).
368:), and animals (for
236:Wuchereria bancrofti
203:lymphatic filariasis
1028:Taxonomy at UniProt
577:Microfilaria malayi
16:Genus of roundworms
1189:Secernentea genera
675:Wuchereria pahangi
669:?) from a Monkey (
268:Wuchereria pahangi
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620:Wuchereria Malayi
257:Wuchereria malayi
184:parasitic disease
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575:"The Adult of
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1135:iNaturalist
1081:Wikispecies
956:www.cdc.gov
685:(1): 1–20.
671:Macaca irus
579:Brug, 1927"
400:: 205–233.
306:Description
100:Chromadorea
1183:Categories
790:W. Pahangi
778:Wuchereria
663:Wuchereria
380:References
370:B. pahangi
340:Life cycle
292:B. pahangi
276:Wuchereria
187:filariasis
110:Rhabditida
1199:Spirurida
1072:Q16787352
786:W. Malayi
366:B. timori
362:B. malayi
316:B. timori
300:B. timori
288:B. malayi
253:B. malayi
227:B. malayi
221:Discovery
76:Kingdom:
70:Eukaryota
41:B. malayi
1066:Wikidata
962:24 March
911:24742884
818:13805587
794:W. Patei
754:35054604
746:13575807
707:24574287
699:13319678
648:13470767
605:29013865
424:20624533
374:B. patei
351:Mansonia
296:B. patei
142:Species
116:Family:
90:Nematoda
86:Phylum:
80:Animalia
66:Domain:
1153:1368564
1127:4630856
1114:2921742
1007:6238140
999:3281567
903:8740559
860:3280019
596:5207806
537:1888212
459:1888210
329:Loa loa
126:Genus:
106:Order:
96:Class:
1140:417533
1087:Brugia
1057:Brugia
1005:
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320:Brugia
311:Brugia
294:, and
284:Brugia
201:cause
179:Brugia
131:Brugia
25:Brugia
1148:IRMNG
1101:28704
995:JSTOR
907:S2CID
856:JSTOR
750:S2CID
703:S2CID
665:sp. (
357:Aedes
233:(now
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1161:NCBI
1122:GBIF
1096:BOLD
1003:PMID
964:2017
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410:ISBN
372:and
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
