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Briggate

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603: 331: 531: 367: 391: 319: 579: 543: 379: 567: 343: 355: 615: 191: 127: 221: 64:, England. Historically it was the main street, leading north from Leeds Bridge, and housed markets, merchant's houses and other business premises. It contains many historic buildings, including the oldest in the city, and others from the 19th and early-20th century, including two theatres. It is noted for the yards between some older buildings with alleyways giving access and Victorian shopping arcades, which were restored in late 20th century. The street was pedestrianised in the late-20th century. 555: 265: 519: 591: 68: 481:, named after the reigning monarch was opened in 1889, built on the site of the Rose and Crown Yard, and originally include the Queen's Hotel in the upper storey. The Briggate entrance was enlarged in 1895, and it was refurbished in 1994. It has an upper shopping gallery with ornate cast-iron balconies, though this is no longer accessible. 150:
By the 17th century, Briggate was lined with shops, offices, workshops and houses, grand and humble. It retained its medieval street pattern, but the burgage plots had been subdivided. The street was wide enough to accommodate open air markets. At this time the street ended in fields at what is now
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A feature of Briggate is its yards: more open areas behind the buildings on the street, accessed by a narrow alley or through a covered way. These are based on the old burgage plots and are thus mostly long and narrow, as the working places between buildings. Several have or had inns within them.
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In the early-19th century, Leeds was a "smokey city, dull and dirty", with Briggate its "one large street" but in 1889 it was "one of the broadest, handsomest, and busiest thoroughfares in the North of England". Leeds' commercial success led to the construction of many fine buildings, including the
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In the 1990s the arcade on the site of the Empire Theatre was demolished and a glazed frontage to link the older buildings on either side of it were refurbished to create a Harvey Nichols store in 1997. Briggate was pedestrianised and closed to private vehicles in 1993, and in 1999 was paved with
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as "the best-furnished Flesh Shambles in the North of England". The street was lined with fine three-storey merchant's houses often with gardens and fields behind them. A surviving example is Queen's Court (1714), a former cloth merchant's house and business premises with packaging workshops and
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department store arrived in 1936 on the corner with Kirkgate with an unusual zigzag pattern of windows. Developments often required the demolition of old buildings, including the Empire Theatre in the 1960s, to make a very plain arcade. The 1980s saw the refurbishment of old buildings and the
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on New Briggate in 1878. Land on Briggate, owned in the medieval form of long strips leading in both directions from the street, was suitable for the construction of shopping arcades, beginning with Thornton's Arcade in 1878. The Leeds Estate Company was formed to redevelop the shambles and
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on New Briggate was built by the New Briggate Arcade Company Ltd in 1897, with Smith & Tweedal as architects. It originally consisted of two parallel arcades running between Vicar Lane and New Briggate, with a cross passage onto Merrion Street. It contains a clock by
118:(burgage men's tofts). The street developed as the commercial centre, fairs and markets were held there by the end of the 13th century, when the woollen industry was beginning to grow. Leeds fair was held annually on Briggate from 1322 and from 1341 there were two. 113:
and a width of 3 perches, i.e. 49 ft 6 in (15.09 m) in width running east or west from the road. This spacing can still be seen on many of the shop frontages and the buildings behind. The burgesses were also allocated half-acre agricultural plots in
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that opened in March 2013. At the same time the Market Street Arcade at the southern end of Briggate closed for redevelopment. It was given an extra level, glass roof and new tenants and reopened in 2012 as the Central Arcade.
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leaving their properties to be subdivided and converted for commercial use or multiple residences. The lanes and yards off the street were filled with slum cottages and workplaces in the 18th and 19th centuries.
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on Swan Street is one of the UK's oldest music halls. The City Varieties was granted Heritage Lottery funding for refurbishment and restoration, and closed in January 2009 and re-opened in September 2011.
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The paving was extensively refurbished in 2007 for Leeds' 800th anniversary celebrations. In 2008 the 1970s-built Burton's Arcade at the southern end of Briggate was demolished to make way for the
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Leeds is noted for the arcades on either side of Briggate. Modern arcades were built in the 1970s at the southern end, but the arcades of architectural significance are at its northern end.
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is a small square from a narrow alley on Lower Briggate, which contains the city's oldest building, part of a once larger 17th-century oak-framed building with projecting upper storeys.
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warehouses behind. During the 18th century, the population grew from 6000 to 25000 leading to overcrowding. Many merchants moved their homes away from Briggate to
542: 505:, makes up its impressive canopy. It is part of the Victoria Quarter and linked to County Arcade by Cross Arcade, which is of the same design as County Arcade. 109:
for tradespeople to carry out their business, setting the style and layout of the street today. A burgage plot was a strip with a length of between 10 and 18
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and contains a cross from their old building. It contains the Pack Horse Inn as well as a Civic Trust blue plaque commemorating
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In 1910, Dyson's Jewellers added a clock with a ball that dropped down at precisely 1 p.m. and became the landmark known as the
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was the first in Leeds. Designed by Charles Fowler, a Leeds architect, was completed in May 1878. There is a clock by
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opened its first store at number 76. The present store at number 47 was begun in 1939 and completed postwar in 1951.
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is an alley between Call Lane and Lower Briggate. It contains a well-preserved early 19th-century warehouse and the
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is between the inn and Queen's Arcade, and preserves by its size and location of one of the original burgage plots.
1096: 764:(a resident of Leeds) is suspected to originate. Loiner refers to the people who would 'hang around in the loins. 511:
opened in 2012 on the former Market Street Arcade site. This is the only arcade to have shops on the first floor.
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for a way or a street. It is the road leading north from Leeds Bridge, the oldest crossing point of the
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surrounding slums. Redevelopment was carried out from 1898 to 1904 under the direction of architect
749: 448: 650:'s Empire Theatre on Briggate was demolished in the 1960s, its site is occupied by Harvey Nichols. 736:
cloth merchant's house, entered through a central archway, with 18th- and 19th-century buildings.
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Grand Arcade Clock. Figures from right to left, represent England, Scotland, Ireland, and Wales.
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closed in 1959. In 1907 a Post Office Exchange was built in brick and terracotta. It became
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theme of characters which move around while two knights strike bells according to the hours.
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The back entrances to the yards were called 'low ins', or 'loins', which is where the term
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has been arcaded since 1990. The largest expanse of stained glass in Europe, designed by
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contains cottages for the working classes built in 1790 that were converted in 1880 to
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In 1533, Leeds was described as "a praty market" consisting of four streets, Briggate,
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Whip Inn, which was men-only until the 1980s, the last drinking house to do so.
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on New Briggate was redeveloped from 2004 to provide an enlarged home for
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Grand Arcade Clock. Figures representing India (centre) and Wales.
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and market cross by the market place on Briggate in 1615, and the
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close to Leeds Bridge has Georgian warehouses and cottages. A
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underneath which is a bell struck by four life-sized, wooden,
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appeared 'to be the head quarters of sedition in this town'.
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has the large 18th-century Angel Inn in a well-preserved
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From the early 1900s trams ran along Briggate, until
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Otley: Smith Settle. pp. 23–25, 29. 853: 780: 1167: 1165: 893: 870: 868: 866: 864: 862: 797:"Discovering Leeds>Briggate>Origins" 1713:Leodis article on the history of Briggate 1686: 1635: 1629: 1605: 1545: 1521: 1409: 1382: 1358: 1257: 1216: 1197: 1156: 1042: 1030: 1005: 999: 993: 952: 937: 791: 789: 198:In the 18th century, Briggate housed the 874: 824: 822: 820: 818: 263: 219: 189: 125: 66: 1473:"Good Old Days - Heritage Lottery Fund" 1222: 1162: 1063: 859: 1732: 1131:"133, 135 and 137, Briggate (1255830)" 958: 828: 786: 167:on New Street in 1624. He endowed the 815: 1668:Brears, Peter; Grady, Kevin (2007). 1277:. Leeds City Council. 6 October 1999 1089: 360:Debenhams, with Kirkate to the right 1303:. Leeds City Council. February 2007 560:Thornton's Arcade showing the clock 348:Time Ball buildings, Lower Briggate 155:, a wealthy cloth merchant and the 13: 1447:"Discovering Leeds - the Theatres" 1136:National Heritage List for England 910:National Heritage List for England 14: 1751: 1706: 714:was formerly the property of the 692:, commemorates notable printers. 16:Shopping street in Leeds, England 1097:"Electric Tramways of Yorkshire" 613: 601: 589: 577: 572:Thornton's Ivanhoe clock figures 565: 553: 541: 529: 517: 389: 377: 365: 353: 341: 336:Former 1907 post office exchange 329: 317: 80: 1725:A history of Briggate and Leeds 1661: 1465: 1439: 1048: 401: 372:Marks and Spencer 1951 building 259: 215: 185: 145: 121: 1: 767: 396:Harvey Nichols, main entrance 905:"Lambert's Arcade (1375066)" 7: 1071:"Memories by the tram load" 625: 85:Briggate's name comes from 71:Shoppers on Briggate, Leeds 10: 1756: 1670:Briggate Yards and Arcades 1179:. Leeds City Council. 2003 803:. Leeds City Council. 2003 414: 75: 1740:Shopping streets in Leeds 1691:. Yale University Press. 1687:Wrathmell, Susan (2005). 1297:"Briggate, looking south" 384:Victoria Quarter entrance 1006:Broadhead, Ivan (1990). 875:Mitchell, W. R. (2000). 732:is a yard behind a fine 654: 638:and regenerate the area. 487:, designed by architect 324:A tram on Briggate, 1958 1618:Brears & Grady 2007 1594:Brears & Grady 2007 1582:Brears & Grady 2007 1570:Brears & Grady 2007 1558:Brears & Grady 2007 1534:Brears & Grady 2007 1510:Brears & Grady 2007 1498:Brears & Grady 2007 1434:Brears & Grady 2007 1422:Brears & Grady 2007 1398:Brears & Grady 2007 1371:Brears & Grady 2007 1347:Brears & Grady 2007 1159:, pp. 99–100, 158. 854:Brears & Grady 2007 781:Brears & Grady 2007 451:figures from the novel 130:House in Lambert's Yard 1234:Yorkshire Evening Post 1075:Yorkshire Evening Post 970:Yorkshire Evening Post 473:John Wormald Appleyard 269: 225: 195: 131: 72: 1672:. Leeds Civic Trust. 829:Barker, Paul (2010). 750:Whitelock's Ale House 671:square. It is where 499:Queen Victoria Street 445:William Potts and Son 431:William Potts and Son 267: 223: 193: 129: 70: 1361:, pp. 158, 162. 1059:. 27 September 1819. 642:Leeds City Varieties 1718:14 May 2011 at the 1260:, pp. 159–161. 1057:Leeds Intelligencer 1045:, pp. 24, 159. 632:Leeds Grand Theatre 289:Time Ball buildings 252:Leeds Intelligencer 33: /  1479:on 25 October 2007 1236:. 9 September 2010 1055:"Reform Meeting". 972:. 23 February 2015 877:A History of Leeds 722:, the inventor of 270: 226: 196: 132: 73: 37:53.7969°N 1.5424°W 1596:, pp. 33–34. 1524:, pp. 158–9. 1453:on 5 October 2008 1412:, pp. 157–8. 1385:, pp. 156–8. 1349:, pp. 22–23. 1033:, pp. 156–7. 996:, pp. 91–92. 856:, pp. 9, 14. 687:Leeds Civic Trust 441:Thornton's Arcade 282:Marks and Spencer 180:English Civil War 62:Leeds city centre 1747: 1702: 1683: 1655: 1654: 1652: 1650: 1639: 1633: 1627: 1621: 1615: 1609: 1608:, pp. 91–2. 1603: 1597: 1591: 1585: 1579: 1573: 1567: 1561: 1555: 1549: 1543: 1537: 1531: 1525: 1519: 1513: 1507: 1501: 1495: 1489: 1488: 1486: 1484: 1475:. 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Index

53°47′49″N 1°32′33″W / 53.7969°N 1.5424°W / 53.7969; -1.5424
pedestrianised
shopping street
Leeds city centre

Old English
Old Norse
River Aire
burgage plots
perches
Burmantofts

Kirkgate
Boar Lane
John Harrison
King's Bailiff
Moot Hall
grammar school
St John's Church
Battle of Leeds
English Civil War

shambles
Ralph Thoresby
Park Square

Grand Theatre
Frank Matcham
Vicar Lane
Alice Mann

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