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64:, England. Historically it was the main street, leading north from Leeds Bridge, and housed markets, merchant's houses and other business premises. It contains many historic buildings, including the oldest in the city, and others from the 19th and early-20th century, including two theatres. It is noted for the yards between some older buildings with alleyways giving access and Victorian shopping arcades, which were restored in late 20th century. The street was pedestrianised in the late-20th century.
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481:, named after the reigning monarch was opened in 1889, built on the site of the Rose and Crown Yard, and originally include the Queen's Hotel in the upper storey. The Briggate entrance was enlarged in 1895, and it was refurbished in 1994. It has an upper shopping gallery with ornate cast-iron balconies, though this is no longer accessible.
150:
By the 17th century, Briggate was lined with shops, offices, workshops and houses, grand and humble. It retained its medieval street pattern, but the burgage plots had been subdivided. The street was wide enough to accommodate open air markets. At this time the street ended in fields at what is now
659:
A feature of
Briggate is its yards: more open areas behind the buildings on the street, accessed by a narrow alley or through a covered way. These are based on the old burgage plots and are thus mostly long and narrow, as the working places between buildings. Several have or had inns within them.
228:
In the early-19th century, Leeds was a "smokey city, dull and dirty", with
Briggate its "one large street" but in 1889 it was "one of the broadest, handsomest, and busiest thoroughfares in the North of England". Leeds' commercial success led to the construction of many fine buildings, including the
303:
In the 1990s the arcade on the site of the Empire
Theatre was demolished and a glazed frontage to link the older buildings on either side of it were refurbished to create a Harvey Nichols store in 1997. Briggate was pedestrianised and closed to private vehicles in 1993, and in 1999 was paved with
206:
as "the best-furnished Flesh
Shambles in the North of England". The street was lined with fine three-storey merchant's houses often with gardens and fields behind them. A surviving example is Queen's Court (1714), a former cloth merchant's house and business premises with packaging workshops and
295:
department store arrived in 1936 on the corner with
Kirkgate with an unusual zigzag pattern of windows. Developments often required the demolition of old buildings, including the Empire Theatre in the 1960s, to make a very plain arcade. The 1980s saw the refurbishment of old buildings and the
233:
on New
Briggate in 1878. Land on Briggate, owned in the medieval form of long strips leading in both directions from the street, was suitable for the construction of shopping arcades, beginning with Thornton's Arcade in 1878. The Leeds Estate Company was formed to redevelop the shambles and
428:
on New
Briggate was built by the New Briggate Arcade Company Ltd in 1897, with Smith & Tweedal as architects. It originally consisted of two parallel arcades running between Vicar Lane and New Briggate, with a cross passage onto Merrion Street. It contains a clock by
118:(burgage men's tofts). The street developed as the commercial centre, fairs and markets were held there by the end of the 13th century, when the woollen industry was beginning to grow. Leeds fair was held annually on Briggate from 1322 and from 1341 there were two.
113:
and a width of 3 perches, i.e. 49 ft 6 in (15.09 m) in width running east or west from the road. This spacing can still be seen on many of the shop frontages and the buildings behind. The burgesses were also allocated half-acre agricultural plots in
410:
that opened in March 2013. At the same time the Market Street Arcade at the southern end of
Briggate closed for redevelopment. It was given an extra level, glass roof and new tenants and reopened in 2012 as the Central Arcade.
211:
leaving their properties to be subdivided and converted for commercial use or multiple residences. The lanes and yards off the street were filled with slum cottages and workplaces in the 18th and 19th centuries.
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644:
on Swan Street is one of the UK's oldest music halls. The City
Varieties was granted Heritage Lottery funding for refurbishment and restoration, and closed in January 2009 and re-opened in September 2011.
406:
The paving was extensively refurbished in 2007 for Leeds' 800th anniversary celebrations. In 2008 the 1970s-built Burton's Arcade at the southern end of
Briggate was demolished to make way for the
142:, plus the "Head Rows". Leeds' oldest building, a three-storey wooden house with a projecting upper storey in Lambert's Yard, off Lower Briggate was built in the late-16th or early-17th century.
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419:
Leeds is noted for the arcades on either side of Briggate. Modern arcades were built in the 1970s at the southern end, but the arcades of architectural significance are at its northern end.
708:
is a small square from a narrow alley on Lower Briggate, which contains the city's oldest building, part of a once larger 17th-century oak-framed building with projecting upper storeys.
491:, was completed in 1903 and is particularly grand when compared to the other arcades. Its marble floors, intricate stonework and elegant iron domes make up part of the
1450:
159:, owned land north of Briggate. He built a town house at the north end and extended the street into what is now New Briggate, then New Street. Harrison paid for a new
300:, three blocks between Briggate and Vicar Lane, comprising County Arcade, Cross Arcade, Queen Victoria Street and King Edward Street was created in September 1990.
207:
warehouses behind. During the 18th century, the population grew from 6000 to 25000 leading to overcrowding. Many merchants moved their homes away from Briggate to
542:
505:, makes up its impressive canopy. It is part of the Victoria Quarter and linked to County Arcade by Cross Arcade, which is of the same design as County Arcade.
109:
for tradespeople to carry out their business, setting the style and layout of the street today. A burgage plot was a strip with a length of between 10 and 18
105:, and the main street in Leeds from its formation as a borough in 1207. When Leeds became a borough, land on either side of Briggate was allocated into 30
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242:: Queen Victoria Street and King Edward Street. The three blocks around them included the Empire Theatre and County and Cross Arcades.
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and contains a cross from their old building. It contains the Pack Horse Inn as well as a Civic Trust blue plaque commemorating
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In 1910, Dyson's Jewellers added a clock with a ball that dropped down at precisely 1 p.m. and became the landmark known as the
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291:. In the 1930s the Headrow became Leeds' main thoroughfare, which led to a decline in the fortunes of business in Briggate.
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was the first in Leeds. Designed by Charles Fowler, a Leeds architect, was completed in May 1878. There is a clock by
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opened its first store at number 76. The present store at number 47 was begun in 1939 and completed postwar in 1951.
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is an alley between Call Lane and Lower Briggate. It contains a well-preserved early 19th-century warehouse and the
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is between the inn and Queen's Arcade, and preserves by its size and location of one of the original burgage plots.
1096:
764:(a resident of Leeds) is suspected to originate. Loiner refers to the people who would 'hang around in the loins.
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opened in 2012 on the former Market Street Arcade site. This is the only arcade to have shops on the first floor.
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for a way or a street. It is the road leading north from Leeds Bridge, the oldest crossing point of the
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surrounding slums. Redevelopment was carried out from 1898 to 1904 under the direction of architect
749:
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650:'s Empire Theatre on Briggate was demolished in the 1960s, its site is occupied by Harvey Nichols.
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cloth merchant's house, entered through a central archway, with 18th- and 19th-century buildings.
536:
Grand Arcade Clock. Figures from right to left, represent England, Scotland, Ireland, and Wales.
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closed in 1959. In 1907 a Post Office Exchange was built in brick and terracotta. It became
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theme of characters which move around while two knights strike bells according to the hours.
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The back entrances to the yards were called 'low ins', or 'loins', which is where the term
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has been arcaded since 1990. The largest expanse of stained glass in Europe, designed by
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contains cottages for the working classes built in 1790 that were converted in 1880 to
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In 1533, Leeds was described as "a praty market" consisting of four streets, Briggate,
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Whip Inn, which was men-only until the 1980s, the last drinking house to do so.
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1271:"Briggate at the junction with Boar Lane showing McDonald's at number 33-35"
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on New Briggate was redeveloped from 2004 to provide an enlarged home for
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Grand Arcade Clock. Figures representing India (centre) and Wales.
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and market cross by the market place on Briggate in 1615, and the
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close to Leeds Bridge has Georgian warehouses and cottages. A
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underneath which is a bell struck by four life-sized, wooden,
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appeared 'to be the head quarters of sedition in this town'.
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has the large 18th-century Angel Inn in a well-preserved
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From the early 1900s trams ran along Briggate, until
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833:. London: Frances Lincoln Ltd. pp. 10, 13, 16.
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899:
1643:"Leeds â voices2005 â Loiners of the world unite!"
879:. Chichester: Phillimore. pp. 28, 43â45, 31.
1230:"Leeds: Celebrating 20 years at Victoria Quarter"
238:who created two new streets between Briggate and
178:took place principally along Briggate during the
1731:
1320:
1318:
1103:. Light Rail Transit Association. Archived from
202:or slaughter place and meat market described by
171:which opened in 1634 to the west of New Street.
280:and an extra storey was added in 1920. In 1909
1173:"Discovering Leeds>Briggate>Development"
966:"Leeds nostalgia: Street at heart of the city"
151:the Headrow and a field path continued north.
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797:"Discovering Leeds>Briggate>Origins"
1713:Leodis article on the history of Briggate
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1473:"Good Old Days - Heritage Lottery Fund"
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167:on New Street in 1624. He endowed the
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1668:Brears, Peter; Grady, Kevin (2007).
1277:. Leeds City Council. 6 October 1999
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360:Debenhams, with Kirkate to the right
1303:. Leeds City Council. February 2007
560:Thornton's Arcade showing the clock
348:Time Ball buildings, Lower Briggate
155:, a wealthy cloth merchant and the
13:
1447:"Discovering Leeds - the Theatres"
1136:National Heritage List for England
910:National Heritage List for England
14:
1751:
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714:was formerly the property of the
692:, commemorates notable printers.
16:Shopping street in Leeds, England
1097:"Electric Tramways of Yorkshire"
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1725:A history of Briggate and Leeds
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372:Marks and Spencer 1951 building
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396:Harvey Nichols, main entrance
905:"Lambert's Arcade (1375066)"
7:
1071:"Memories by the tram load"
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85:Briggate's name comes from
71:Shoppers on Briggate, Leeds
10:
1756:
1670:Briggate Yards and Arcades
1179:. Leeds City Council. 2003
803:. Leeds City Council. 2003
414:
75:
1740:Shopping streets in Leeds
1691:. Yale University Press.
1687:Wrathmell, Susan (2005).
1297:"Briggate, looking south"
384:Victoria Quarter entrance
1006:Broadhead, Ivan (1990).
875:Mitchell, W. R. (2000).
732:is a yard behind a fine
654:
638:and regenerate the area.
487:, designed by architect
324:A tram on Briggate, 1958
1618:Brears & Grady 2007
1594:Brears & Grady 2007
1582:Brears & Grady 2007
1570:Brears & Grady 2007
1558:Brears & Grady 2007
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1398:Brears & Grady 2007
1371:Brears & Grady 2007
1347:Brears & Grady 2007
1159:, pp. 99â100, 158.
854:Brears & Grady 2007
781:Brears & Grady 2007
451:figures from the novel
130:House in Lambert's Yard
1234:Yorkshire Evening Post
1075:Yorkshire Evening Post
970:Yorkshire Evening Post
473:John Wormald Appleyard
269:
225:
195:
131:
72:
1672:. Leeds Civic Trust.
829:Barker, Paul (2010).
750:Whitelock's Ale House
671:square. It is where
499:Queen Victoria Street
445:William Potts and Son
431:William Potts and Son
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223:
193:
129:
70:
1361:, pp. 158, 162.
1059:. 27 September 1819.
642:Leeds City Varieties
1718:14 May 2011 at the
1260:, pp. 159â161.
1057:Leeds Intelligencer
1045:, pp. 24, 159.
632:Leeds Grand Theatre
289:Time Ball buildings
252:Leeds Intelligencer
33: /
1479:on 25 October 2007
1236:. 9 September 2010
1055:"Reform Meeting".
972:. 23 February 2015
877:A History of Leeds
722:, the inventor of
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226:
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37:53.7969°N 1.5424°W
1596:, pp. 33â34.
1524:, pp. 158â9.
1453:on 5 October 2008
1412:, pp. 157â8.
1385:, pp. 156â8.
1349:, pp. 22â23.
1033:, pp. 156â7.
996:, pp. 91â92.
856:, pp. 9, 14.
687:Leeds Civic Trust
441:Thornton's Arcade
282:Marks and Spencer
180:English Civil War
62:Leeds city centre
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1326:"Central Arcade"
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296:creation of the
268:Briggate in 1978
224:Briggate in 1880
169:St John's Church
138:, Swinegate and
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165:grammar school
157:King's Bailiff
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81:Early history
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1662:Bibliography
1647:. Retrieved
1637:
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1541:
1536:, p. 6.
1529:
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1493:
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1477:the original
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1455:. Retrieved
1451:the original
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1305:. Retrieved
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1181:. Retrieved
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1134:
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1111:10 September
1109:. Retrieved
1105:the original
1101:www.lrta.org
1100:
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1079:. Retrieved
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976:10 September
974:. Retrieved
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914:. Retrieved
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805:. Retrieved
800:
783:, p. 3.
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524:Grand Arcade
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308:and granite
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122:16th century
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1183:8 September
807:8 September
690:blue plaque
675:first sold
636:Opera North
209:Park Square
116:Burmantofts
91:Old English
40: /
1649:29 October
1332:29 October
1017:1870071638
916:11 October
768:References
734:Queen Anne
465:Robin Hood
461:Friar Tuck
449:Jacquemart
306:York stone
278:Woolworths
247:Alice Mann
240:Vicar Lane
103:River Aire
56:principal
25:53°47â˛49âłN
1142:7 October
700:Neo-Tudor
469:swineherd
457:Richard I
293:Debenhams
182:in 1643.
161:Moot Hall
140:Boar Lane
99:Old Norse
28:1°32â˛33âłW
1734:Category
1716:Archived
1457:2 August
1307:23 March
1281:23 March
669:Georgian
626:Theatres
495:complex.
467:and the
245:In 1819
200:shambles
136:Kirkgate
50:Briggate
1240:25 June
754:faience
453:Ivanhoe
433:with a
415:Arcades
111:perches
76:History
1695:
1676:
1483:31 May
1014:
883:
837:
762:Loiner
97:, the
89:, the
1689:Leeds
1645:. BBC
1008:Leeds
831:Leeds
655:Yards
310:setts
87:brycg
52:is a
1693:ISBN
1674:ISBN
1651:2016
1485:2013
1459:2008
1334:2016
1309:2019
1283:2019
1242:2018
1185:2018
1144:2018
1113:2018
1083:2018
1012:ISBN
978:2018
918:2018
881:ISBN
835:ISBN
809:2018
174:The
95:gata
455:of
60:in
1736::
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