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149:. Most horses have some markings, and they help to identify the horse as a unique individual. Markings are present at birth and do not change over the course of the horse's life. Most markings have pink skin underneath most of the white hairs, though a few faint markings may occasionally have white hair with no underlying pink skin. Markings may appear to change slightly when a horse grows or sheds its winter coat, however this difference is simply a factor of hair coat length; the underlying pattern does not change.
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857:: A callous-like area on the inside of the horse's leg that has a subtle pattern, but one unique to each horse. It has been proposed that chestnuts could be used as a type of "fingerprint" to identify a horse, but the idea has failed to become widespread in practice, probably in part because the chestnut continually grows and sheds, making precise measurement a challenge.
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are small white spots, about the size of a dime to the size of a quarter. They have not been linked to any specific breed, but they do tend to run in families. These spots may occur late in a horse's life, or may occur and then disappear. The spots may look like scars, but they are not caused by skin
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Within five years of his death, one expert would concede: 'It cannot be denied that 'Irish
Birdcatcher' has done more for the racehorse than any stallion of modern days - probably than ever was heard of; not alone in speed, but in symmetry of shape and power.' His imprint on the Darley Arabian line
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Horses may develop white markings over areas where there was an injury to the animal, either to cover scar tissue from a cut or abrasion, or to reflect harm to the underlying skin or nerves. One common type of scarring that produces patches of white hairs are "saddle marks," which are round or oval
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Facial markings are usually described by shape and location. There may be more than one distinct facial marking and if so, will be named separately. Occasionally, when a white marking extends over an eye, that eye may be blue instead of brown, though this is not consistently seen in all cases.
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928:: a slightly darker hair shade from the base coat located in a dorsal stripe along the horse's backbone, horizontal striping on the upper legs and sometimes transverse striping across the shoulders. These markings identify a horse as a dun as opposed to a
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are distinguished by unique patterns. However, even for horses with coat colors that are arranged in a manner unique to each individual horse, these patterns are not called "markings." Some coat colors partially distinguished by unique patterning include:
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beneath a white marking at the coronary line will also be light-colored ("white"). If a horse has a partial marking or ermine spots at the coronary band, the hoof may be both dark and light, corresponding with the hair coat immediately above. Where the
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Shield: A dark Pinto marking where the horse has a dark colored chest, surrounded completely by white on the shoulders, legs, belly and neck. Occasionally used to describe the rarer example of a horse with a totally dark head surrounded completely by
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156:, markings visible at birth may become hidden as the horse turns white with age, but markings can still be determined by trimming the horse's hair closely, then wetting down the coat to see where there is pink skin and black skin under the hair.
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A horse's genes influence whether it will have white markings, though the exact genes involved could differ between breeds. Chestnut horses generally have more extensive white markings than bay or black horses. Horses with the
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Saddle marks may be seen on the back or withers as a patch of white hairs, usually a result of wearing an improperly-fitted saddle for long periods, but also could be related to straightforward long-term saddle wear, unclean
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horses often develop patches of solid (dark) hair on the roan sections of their bodies wherever there has been any scratch or damage to underlying skin, even if only slight. These are sometimes called "corn marks" or "corn
978:: A horse coat color that features white and dark hairs intermingled together, but the horse has head and legs of the base color with very little white. Roans sometimes have dark areas on their coats similar to
851:"Glass" eye, "Moon" eye, "China" eye, "Wall" eye or "Night" eye: A blue eye. Horses with blue eyes are less common than horses with brown eyes, but can see equally well. An eye can also be partially blue.
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Facial markings. Top row, L-R: blaze, stripe, stripe (or thin blaze) and snip, irregular blaze, interrupted stripe, bald face. Bottom row, L-R: faint star, star, star and strip, irregular star, snip, lip
616:. Such markings are usually simply called "body spots," sometimes identified by location, i.e. "belly spot," "flank spot," etc. When this type of isolated spotting occurs, it may involve one of the
369:: A marking within the broad confines of a given height, but with significantly uneven edges. Indicated by the highest point of the white. Most often used to describe certain types of stockings.
375:: An irregular marking that only extends up part of the leg to the height indicated, sometimes with the other side of the leg dark. Usually used to describe socks and other short markings.
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Leg scars left from pin firing or bar firing, in which an injury is blistered with hot iron, can leave dots or lines of white hair in a very distinct pattern. This is usually seen on
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involves white flecks of hair at the flank, and white hairs at the base of the tail. The most minimal form can have only striped white frosting at the base of the tail, called a
914:: An extremely rare horse coat pattern; it typically features faint vertical striping in a shade slightly diluted from the base coat color. Brindling may be associated with
948:: A horse coat color that is distinguished by one of several possible broad spotting patterns, as opposed to the smaller spots typical of the Appaloosa. Variations include
844:, colloquially known as "cowlicks": divergent or convergent patches of hair found anywhere on the body but mostly on the head, neck, chest, belly, or just in front of the
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A white marking on the crest of a horse's neck artificially created by freeze branding, a form of marking for identification claimed to be nearly painless to the horse.
237:: a white marking between or above the eyes. If a stripe or blaze is present, a star must be significantly wider than the vertical marking to be designated separately.
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Horses can be uniquely identified by more than just markings or brands. A few other physical characteristics sometimes used to distinguish a horse from another are:
908:. Most have black hairs along the edges of their ears and on their muzzles, and occasionally will have a slight darkening of the hairs along their backbone.
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Scarring on a horse usually results in white hairs growing in over the injured area, though occasionally there may be no hair growth over the scar at all.
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was to become so indelible that even today silver flecks in the root of a horse's tail, or scattered over the flanks, are known as 'Birdcatcher ticks'.
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Ermine marks: The occurrence of black marks on a white marking, most often seen on leg markings just above the hoof. May cause the hoof to be striped.
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on a red base coat. All bay horses have a black mane, tail and legs (except where overlain by white markings), caused by the presence of the
278:: have no specialized names, usually are described by location, such as "lower lip," "chin", etc. Lip markings may indicate presence of the
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Leg markings are usually described by the highest point of the horse's leg that is covered by white. As a general rule, the horse's
848:. Included as identifying marks for documentation when unusual, such as double whorl on forehead or whorl on the side of the neck.
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In addition to white markings on a base coat, there are other markings or patterns that are used to identify horses as with
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Leg markings. Top row, L-R: Stocking, Sock or Boot, Fetlock or Sock. Bottom row, L-R: Pastern, Coronet, Partial
Pastern
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1194:"State of Oregon: Animal Health, Feeds, and Livestock ID - About Animal Health, Feeds, and Livestock Identification"
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938:: Responsible for a variety of patterns, typically leopard-type spotting, and is most closely identified with the
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231:: a very wide blaze, extending to or past the eyes. Some, but not all, bald faced horses also have blue eyes.
358:: white just above the hoof, around coronary band, usually no more than 1 inch (2.5 cm) above the hoof.
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that have raced. This treatment is not commonly practiced, but such markings are still occasionally seen.
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266:: Occasionally used to describe distinctively different markings that happen to be joined to one another
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260:: A marking, usually a strip or blaze, that is broken and not solid for the entire length of the face.
254:: A small but permanent marking that usually consists of white hairs without any underlying pink skin.
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Rieder, Stefan; Hagger, Christian; Obexer-Ruff, Gabriela; Leeb, Tosso; Poncet, Pierre-André (2008).
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Horses may have isolated body spots that are not large or numerous enough to qualify them as an
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1110:"Medicine Hat Horse- Horse Breed - Pony Breed - Horse Breeding - Equiworld Equestrian Magazine"
1048:"Genetic Analysis of White Facial and Leg Markings in the Swiss Franches-Montagnes Horse Breed"
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and other causes. White marks just forward of the withers may be the result of an ill-fitting
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Shorter marking is sometimes called a "fetlock" or a "sock," taller marking is clearly a sock
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is present, the hoof may be striped even if markings are not visible at the coronary band.
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318:: white marking that extends at least to the bottom of the knee or hock, sometimes higher.
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Recent studies have examined the genetics behind white markings and have located certain
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A type of deliberate human-created scarring that results in white hair is
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Additional terms used to describe facial markings include the following:
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Colored areas, usually white, on a horse that differ from the body color
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may also scar lightly enough to leave white hairs rather than bare skin.
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can leave a horse with small white spots, especially along the topline.
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This horse has a belly spot. It also has a blaze and three stockings
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A freeze brand on a horse's shoulder, a common spot for branding.
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A horse with "high white," including stockings on all four legs
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Additional terms used to describe white leg markings include:
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are usually distinctive white areas on an otherwise dark base
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Scars from accidents, as well as old injury sites (such as
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onto the flank or belly, considered characteristic of the
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horse with blue eyes, a "Medicine hat", and a lips spot.
1002:"Genetics Behind Horses' Face and Leg Markings Studied"
243:: a white marking on the muzzle, between the nostrils.
561:: Dark faint spotting, usually seen on horses with a
225:: a narrow white stripe down the middle of the face.
1144:. American Quarter Horse Association. April 10, 2018
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519:allele typically have white face and leg markings.
311:From tallest to shortest, common leg markings are:
57:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1088:"Dominant White Mutations – W5, W10, W20, and W22"
348:: white marking that extends above the top of the
219:: a wide white stripe down the middle of the face.
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437:A horse with a star, interrupted stripe, and snip
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1215:Adapted From: Horses For Dummies, 2nd Edition.
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332:. This marking is sometimes called a "boot."
579:coloring where the horse has dark ears and
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1090:. UC Davis Veterinary Genetics Laboratory
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1000:MA, Christa Lesté-Lasserre (2013-12-12).
900:: A horse coat color that features black
182:, as well as artificial markings such as
117:Learn how and when to remove this message
1213:"Identifying Horse parts and markings,"
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738:), can also be used to identify a horse.
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1780:Identification of domesticated animals
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338:: white marking that extends over the
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862:Coat colors with distinctive patterns
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55:adding citations to reliable sources
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924:: A horse coat color that features
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575:"Medicine hat": An unusual type of
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1130:. Equus Magazine. 9 November 2012.
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538:Ermine marks (just above the hoof)
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133:All of these young stallions are
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42:needs additional citations for
1201:"Horse and Pony Head Markings"
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655:damage. The name comes from a
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1207:"Horse and Pony Leg Markings"
1128:"Birdcatcher Spots Explained"
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510:Inheritance of white markings
1163:Christopher McGrath (2017).
635:marks on either side of the
212:Common facial markings are:
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1753:Category:Horse coat colors
1722:Endothelin receptor type B
1687:Equine coat color genetics
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1029:"Are markings inherited?"
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190:Types of white markings
1169:. Simon and Schuster.
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223:Strip, stripe, or race
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1680:Genetics and breeding
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1450:Lethal white syndrome
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18:Blaze (horse marking)
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763:Corn marks on a roan
425:A horse with a blaze
270:Irregular or crooked
51:improve this article
1052:Journal of Heredity
449:A horse with a star
1651:Primitive markings
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1209:(Equine World UK)
1203:(Equine World UK)
1114:www.equiworld.com
890:horse coat colors
868:Equine coat color
685:Birdcatcher ticks
652:Birdcatcher spots
504:A coronet marking
413:A baldfaced horse
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1035:. 2013-11-20.
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68: –
67:
63:
62:Find sources:
56:
52:
46:
45:
40:This article
38:
34:
29:
28:
19:
1737:STX17 (Gray)
1697:Horse genome
1579:Knabstrupper
1572:
1569:Varnish roan
1463:and patterns
1459:
1445:Sabino-white
1410:
1409:Blue dun or
1214:
1180:
1165:
1158:
1146:. Retrieved
1136:
1122:
1113:
1104:
1092:. Retrieved
1082:
1055:
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1041:
1032:
1009:. Retrieved
1005:
995:
887:
836:
775:Saddle marks
694:
684:
680:
676:
670:
666:
665:
659:horse named
657:Thoroughbred
651:
650:
633:
603:
513:
455:Leg markings
379:
372:
366:
361:
355:
345:
335:
321:
315:
310:
306:leopard gene
298:
287:Leg markings
276:Lip markings
275:
269:
263:
257:
251:
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234:
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216:
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169:
161:genetic loci
158:
151:
141:Markings on
140:
113:
104:
94:
87:
80:
73:
61:
49:Please help
44:verification
41:
1692:Color breed
1547:Tricoloured
1524:(primarily
1384:Smoky cream
1361:Smoky black
906:agouti gene
803:on a horse.
661:Birdcatcher
569:coat color.
258:Interrupted
1769:Categories
1526:UK English
1407:(see also
1354:Isabelline
1290:Seal brown
1011:2023-10-06
987:References
681:skunk tail
480:A stocking
380:High White
165:expression
154:gray horse
147:coat color
77:newspapers
1671:Tiger eye
1575:Appaloosa
1573:See also
1399:Champagne
1288:included
1006:The Horse
940:Appaloosa
932:or a bay.
916:chimerism
855:Chestnuts
700:Rainscald
677:coon tail
606:Appaloosa
367:Irregular
264:Connected
229:Bald face
172:Appaloosa
107:July 2011
1717:KIT gene
1702:Wildtype
1666:Mushroom
1601:Rabicano
1542:Skewbald
1374:Cremello
1349:Palomino
1344:Buckskin
1273:Chestnut
1074:18296388
954:Skewbald
930:buckskin
884:chestnut
722:branding
672:rabicano
567:Palomino
563:Chestnut
395:Examples
316:Stocking
208:masking.
184:branding
135:chestnut
1707:Melanin
1641:Pangaré
1631:Cropout
1626:Brindle
1537:Piebald
1506:Tobiano
1379:Perlino
1148:Aug 16,
1094:Aug 15,
962:Tobiano
950:Piebald
912:Brindle
882:brindle
846:stifles
713:spots."
667:Ticking
637:withers
629:alleles
373:Partial
356:Coronet
346:Pastern
340:fetlock
180:Brindle
91:scholar
1712:Agouti
1661:Flaxen
1511:Tovero
1499:Sabino
1411:Grullo
1278:Sorrel
1173:
1072:
970:Sabino
966:Tovero
942:breed.
842:Whorls
831:tovero
799:A hot
641:saddle
626:sabino
587:white.
388:sabino
384:stifle
280:sabino
143:horses
93:
86:
79:
72:
64:
1656:Sooty
1636:Liver
1614:Other
1494:Frame
1484:Overo
1433:White
1419:Pearl
1331:Cream
1268:Black
958:Overo
946:Pinto
888:Some
801:brand
624:, or
614:Paint
610:Pinto
252:Faint
217:Blaze
176:Pinto
152:On a
98:JSTOR
84:books
1732:PAX3
1727:MITF
1596:Roan
1577:and
1314:Gray
1309:Gray
1171:ISBN
1150:2020
1096:2020
1070:PMID
976:Roan
968:and
870:and
710:Roan
581:poll
350:hoof
330:hock
326:knee
322:Sock
301:hoof
241:Snip
235:Star
70:news
1404:Dun
1285:Bay
1060:doi
922:Dun
898:Bay
702:or
679:or
669:or
612:or
565:or
517:W20
328:or
178:or
53:by
1771::
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1112:.
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1056:99
1054:.
1050:.
1031:.
1020:^
1004:.
964:,
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956:,
952:,
880:A
829:A
687:.
631:.
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186:.
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167:.
1528:)
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1244:e
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378:"
120:)
114:(
109:)
105:(
95:·
88:·
81:·
74:·
47:.
20:)
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