42:
732:
723:(his father) as its leader. Elijah Muhammad's black-supremacist doctrine acted as a counter to the supremacist paradigm established and controlled by white supremacy. The SPLC described the group as having a "theology of innate black superiority over whites – a belief system vehemently and consistently rejected by mainstream Muslims".
829:
in the United States in 1930. They have been described by the SPLC as having "a theology of innate black superiority over whites". SPLC cites the NOI leaders' "deeply racist, antisemitic and anti-LGBT rhetoric" as reasons for the organization being categorized as a hate
849:. The Nation of Yahweh grew rapidly throughout the 1980s and at its height had headquarters in Miami, Florida, and temples in 22 states, ben Yahweh was imprisoned for 11 years for his links to nearly two dozen murders, and later released on restrictive parole.
925:. God is not interested merely in the freedom of black men or brown men or yellow men. God is interested in the freedom of the whole human race, the creation of a society where every man will respect the dignity and worth of personality.
694:, and the failure of white governments to protect black people, he advocated the destruction of white governments. Howell had drawn upon as an influence the work of the earlier proto-Rastafari preacher
1632:
1431:
1309:
1279:
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864:. The SPLC reported that York's teachings included the belief that "whites are 'devils', devoid of both heart and soul, their color the result of
1400:
700:
636:
1625:
1663:
315:
885:
751:
Several fringe groups have been described as either holding or promoting black supremacist beliefs. A source described by historian
783:, was described in 2008 by the SPLC as an American "black supremacist sect" and part of the growing "black supremacist wing of the
122:
1673:
1618:
776:
490:
868:
and genetic inferiority". The SPLC described the
Nuwaubianism belief system as "mix black supremacist ideas with worship of the
1734:
1598:
1263:
1159:
1125:
1072:
1038:
265:
690:. Howell's use of "Black Supremacy" had both religious and political implications. Politically, as a direct counterpoint to
1482:
1373:
1658:
1490:
270:
185:
1457:
815:
1232:
837:
is a religious group based in the United States described as black supremacist by the SPLC. It is an offshoot of the
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484:
310:
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89:
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665:
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320:
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1117:
Party Music: The Inside Story of the Black
Panthers' Band and How Black Power Transformed Soul Music
1729:
137:
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1408:
1693:
1224:
960:
838:
784:
413:
295:
260:
860:, who has been described by the SPLC as advocating the belief that black people are superior to
1708:
1537:
914:
796:
496:
300:
255:
240:
220:
195:
71:
1218:
982:"The 'Black Man's Bible': The Holy Piby, Garveyism, and Black Supremacy in the Interwar Years"
1588:
1249:
1062:
889:
826:
587:
503:
210:
205:
190:
1251:
Untangling the web of hate: are online "hate sites" deserving of First
Amendment Protection?
800:
740:
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66:
25:
1005:
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167:
132:
1491:
Stanford
University | Martin Luther King, Jr. Research and Education Institute
1723:
1650:
1538:"Civil Rights Leader Rev. Martin Luther King Jr. Speaks on the DePauw Campus"
1255:
792:
788:
780:
408:
353:
935:
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661:
597:
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378:
363:
348:
117:
1088:
945:
857:
398:
388:
147:
81:
33:
1563:"Transcript of Dr. Martin Luther King's speech at SMU on March 17, 1966"
771:
have described the following groups as holding black supremacist views:
902:
764:
760:
557:
448:
438:
869:
577:
547:
522:
428:
403:
845:(born Hulon Mitchell Jr.), whose name means "God the Son of God" in
755:
as being "the most extensive source on right-wing extremism" is the
562:
552:
1310:"'General Yahanna' Discusses Black Supremacist Hebrew Israelites"
865:
736:
726:
76:
1220:
Backfire: How the Ku Klux Klan Helped the Civil Rights
Movement
1030:
Black
Heretics, Black Prophets: Radical Political Intellectuals
921:
A doctrine of black supremacy is as dangerous as a doctrine of
1432:"United Nuwaubian Nation of Moors Meets Its Match in Georgia"
1401:"Cult Leader Linked To Beheadings Asks To 'Die With Dignity'"
1092:
1590:
Black Power: Radical
Politics and African American Identity
896:
759:(SPLC), an American nonprofit organization that monitors
731:
1064:
Becoming Rasta: Origins of
Rastafari Identity in Jamaica
715:(NOI) as having been black supremacist until 1975, when
1280:"Racist Black Hebrew Israelites Becoming More Militant"
41:
767:
in the United States. Authors of the SPLC's quarterly
1213:
676:Black supremacy was advocated by Jamaican preacher
1640:
1679:Israelite School of Universal Practical Knowledge
812:Israelite School of Universal Practical Knowledge
1721:
1398:
1247:
1343:"Nation Of Islam | Southern Poverty Law Center"
901:During speeches given at the Freedom Rally in
727:Groups associated with black supremacist views
1626:
1060:
825:(NOI) is a religious organization founded by
701:The Royal Parchment Scroll of Black Supremacy
630:
1513:"Remaining Awake Through a Great Revolution"
841:line of thought. It was founded by American
1483:"Address at the Freedom Rally in Cobo Hall"
1392:
664:are inherently superior to people of other
1633:
1619:
1371:
1089:"Former Nation of Islam leader dies at 74"
637:
623:
1429:
1423:
1664:All-African People's Revolutionary Party
1054:
730:
1674:Israelite Church of God in Jesus Christ
1587:Ogbar, Jeffrey O. G. (March 19, 2019).
1113:
979:
777:Israelite Church of God in Jesus Christ
1722:
1107:
1026:
897:Opposition from Martin Luther King Jr.
1614:
1586:
1365:
1337:
1335:
1272:
1195:from the original on October 11, 2019
1147:
1120:. Chicago Review Press. p. 180.
1095:. Associated Press. September 9, 2008
266:League of Revolutionary Black Workers
16:Belief in superiority of black people
1399:Associated Press (October 6, 2006).
1081:
1353:from the original on March 31, 2021
779:(ICGJC), which is headquartered in
671:
588:United States civil rights movement
271:Lowndes County Freedom Organization
13:
1530:
1332:
698:, in particular the latter's book
14:
1756:
1154:. Psychology Press. p. 143.
1033:. Psychology Press. p. 164.
739:, a village in the U.S. state of
485:Black Power and the American Myth
311:Revolutionary Black Panther Party
1659:African People's Socialist Party
1430:Bob Moser (September 20, 2002).
1372:Mark Potok (November 29, 2001).
854:United Nuwaubian Nation of Moors
745:United Nuwaubian Nation of Moors
226:Black Revolutionary Assault Team
186:African People's Socialist Party
40:
1580:
1555:
1505:
1475:
1450:
1302:
980:Sellers, Allison Paige (2015).
711:described the teachings of the
291:National Joint Action Committee
276:May 19th Communist Organization
1241:
1207:
1175:
1141:
1020:
973:
747:, as seen from the air in 2002
1:
1735:African and Black nationalism
1567:Southern Methodist University
1438:. Southern Poverty Law Center
1380:. Southern Poverty Law Center
1067:. NYU Press. pp. 48–49.
986:Journal of Africana Religions
966:
911:Southern Methodist University
807:view of the end of the world.
306:Revolutionary Action Movement
231:Black Riders Liberation Party
1699:Not Fucking Around Coalition
856:was founded by the American
660:belief which maintains that
538:Black Power in the Caribbean
236:Black Women's Defense League
7:
1462:Southern Poverty Law Center
1458:"Nuwaubian Nation of Moors"
1347:Southern Poverty Law Center
1318:Southern Poverty Law Center
1288:Southern Poverty Law Center
1188:Southern Poverty Law Center
929:
757:Southern Poverty Law Center
10:
1761:
1006:10.5325/jafrireli.3.3.0325
998:10.5325/jafrireli.3.3.0325
696:Fitz Balintine Pettersburg
321:Symbionese Liberation Army
1649:
1374:"Popularity and Populism"
1248:Brett A. Barnett (2007).
909:in June 1965, and at the
787:". The ICGJC accepts the
785:Hebrew Israelite movement
1517:Electronic Oberlin Group
1225:Rowman & Littlefield
1114:Vincent, Rickey (2013).
1027:Bogues, Anthony (2003).
24:This article is part of
1694:New Black Panther Party
1148:Perry, Theresa (1996).
961:Racial formation theory
543:Black Power in Montreal
414:Martin Luther King, Jr.
296:New Black Panther Party
261:Huey P. Newton Gun Club
1709:Republic of New Afrika
1061:Charles Price (2009).
927:
915:Martin Luther King Jr.
839:Black Hebrew Israelite
814:(ISUPK), based in the
748:
497:The Diary of Malcolm X
301:Republic of New Afrika
256:George Jackson Brigade
241:British Black Panthers
221:Black Radical Congress
196:Black Guerrilla Family
72:Black Power Revolution
919:
905:on June 23, 1963, at
827:Wallace Fard Muhammad
743:built in 1993 by the
734:
504:Revolutionary Suicide
211:Black Panther Militia
206:Black Liberation Army
816:Upper Darby Township
769:Intelligence Reports
67:Black power movement
1487:King Papers Project
1436:Intelligence Report
1411:on October 11, 2006
1378:Intelligence Report
1314:Intelligence Report
1284:Intelligence Report
1215:David Mark Chalmers
913:on March 17, 1966,
882:conspiracy theories
753:David Mark Chalmers
735:Central portion of
331:Weather Underground
251:Five-Percent Nation
246:Conscious Community
216:Black Panther Party
57:Black Arts Movement
1740:Political theories
1669:Black Hammer Party
1493:. January 13, 2015
1151:Teaching Malcolm X
1016:– via JSTOR.
801:inspired Scripture
749:
682:Rastafari movement
658:racial supremacist
573:Red Power movement
528:Black Lives Matter
454:Stokely Carmichael
444:Robert F. Williams
424:Malik Zulu Shabazz
374:Fay Bellamy Powell
191:Assata's Daughters
62:Black is beautiful
1745:Politics and race
1717:
1716:
1600:978-1-4214-2976-2
1542:DePauw University
1320:. August 29, 2008
1290:. August 29, 2008
1265:978-1-934043-91-2
1183:"Nation of Islam"
1161:978-0-415-91155-9
1127:978-1-61374-495-6
1074:978-0-8147-6768-9
1040:978-0-415-94325-3
941:Black nationalism
843:Yahweh ben Yahweh
654:black supremacism
647:
646:
568:Political hip hop
491:Ten-Point Program
459:Wadsworth Jarrell
384:Gloria Richardson
143:Black nationalism
113:Africana womanism
108:African socialism
1752:
1704:Nuwaubian Nation
1689:Nation of Yahweh
1642:Black separatist
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1407:. Archived from
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951:Black separatism
835:Nation of Yahweh
818:of Philadelphia.
717:W. Deen Mohammed
709:Associated Press
687:The Promised Key
672:Historical usage
639:
632:
625:
533:Black Power gang
478:A Taste of Power
369:Eldridge Cleaver
201:Black Liberators
163:Intercommunalism
153:Black separatism
123:Anti-Americanism
44:
21:
20:
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1730:Black supremacy
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1227:. p. 188.
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978:
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969:
932:
923:white supremacy
907:Oberlin College
899:
884:related to the
823:Nation of Islam
729:
721:Elijah Muhammad
713:Nation of Islam
692:white supremacy
674:
650:Black supremacy
643:
603:
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518:
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472:
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419:Maulana Karenga
359:Donald DeFreeze
344:
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326:US Organization
286:Nation of Islam
181:
173:
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158:Black supremacy
128:Black anarchism
103:
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1258:. p. 20.
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992:(3): 325–342.
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956:Melanin theory
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876:, a belief in
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678:Leonard Howell
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1593:. JHU Press.
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