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358:, and with a long-tail. The breeding male has bright yellow underparts, chestnut upperparts and a black hood. The female is a washed-out version of the male, with paler underparts, a grey-brown back and a greyish head. The juvenile is similar but the vent is yellow, and both can be difficult to separate from the corresponding plumages of the closely related
477:
394:
The main breeding zone extends from south-eastern Europe to central Asia. The wintering grounds are mainly in India although vagrants have been found wintering as far east as Japan, China, Hong Kong, Thailand, Laos, South Korea and
Malaysia. Summer vagrants may occur as far north in Europe as Norway.
362:
although the black-headed tends to have the cheeks darker than the throat. First year males have a grey crown and the back has patches of chestnut and grey. First year females can be difficult to separate from female red-headed buntings although having more streaking on the crown than on the lower
378:
The black-headed bunting breeds in open scrubby areas including agricultural land. In winter they move to Asia and large flocks are found in agricultural fields and grasslands. The longest migration noted from a ringed individual is about 7,000 km. Another ringed bird was determined to have
276:
in winter mainly to India, with some individuals moving further into south-east Asia. Like others in its family, it is found in open grassland habitats where they fly in flocks in search of grains and seed. Adult males are well marked with yellow underparts, chestnut back and a black head. Adult
433:
buntings, it has two moults in a year. It undergoes one moult in the winter quarters prior to migrating back to the breeding region, and another after breeding. Young birds fledge with a soft plumage and then moult into a juvenile plumage before migrating and then assume an adult plumage after
415:
made of dry grass and lined with hair. The clutch consists of four to six eggs. The eggs hatch after about 13 days and the chicks fledge after about 10 days. Its natural food consists of insects when feeding young, and otherwise seeds. In
Bulgaria, the collapse of the drying cotton thistle
481:
478:
379:
flown 1,000 km in seven days. Males form pure flocks during migration and arrive in the winter quarters well before the females. The winter range within India is mainly in western and northern India extending south to northern
480:
426:. In northern Iran, there is a region of range overlap with the red-headed bunting and natural hybrids are common although molecular data indicates that there is considerable genetic divergence between the two species.
441:. The song consists of a loud series of strophes each made up a high harsh notes that accelerate into a jangling mix with some clear slurred notes interspersed before stopping abruptly.
479:
411:
The black-headed bunting is found in flocks as it forages on grasslands for seeds. They breed in summer, building a nest in a low bush or on the ground. The nest is a
664:. Vol. 2: Attributes and Status (2nd ed.). Washington D.C. and Barcelona: Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History and Lynx Edicions. p. 556.
787:
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916:"Molecular identification of birds: performance of distance-based DNA barcoding in three genes to delimit parapatric species"
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638:
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females in breeding plumage look like duller males. In other plumages, they can be hard to separate from the closely related
1261:
840:
Antonov, A; Stokke, BG; Moksnes, A & E Røskaft (2008). "Unusually high losses to nest collapse in black-headed buntings
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and natural hybridization occurs between the two species in the zone of overlap of their breeding ranges in northern Iran.
1165:
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422:) stems on which the birds build their nests has caused high mortality; this is thought to be an example of an
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Randler, C. (2006). "Behavioural and ecological correlates of natural hybridization in birds".
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The black- and red-headed buntings represent sister species which forms a clade along with the
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578:. Vol. 13. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 27.
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687:"Phylogeny and classification of the Old World Emberizini (Aves, Passeriformes)"
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Breeding and winter distribution ranges of Black-headed and Red-headed
Bunting
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561:(in Latin). Vol. Part 1. Lipsiae : Sumtib. C.G. Hilscheri. p. 142.
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Photographs, videos and sound recordings on the
Internet Bird Collection
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746:(2nd ed.). New Delhi: Oxford University Press. pp. 217–219.
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family
Emberizidae. It breeds in south-east Europe east to Iran and
1037:
685:
Alström, P; Olsson, U; Lei, F; Wang H; Gao, W; Sundberg, P (2008).
412:
309:
133:
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in thorny acacia trees, often joining other species such as the
1080:
975:"Die Mauser von Emberiza rnelanocephala und Emberiza bruniceps"
792:
in Sabah- the first definite occurrence in
Malaysia and Borneo"
684:
123:
39:
222:
1152:
913:
914:
Aliabadian, M.; Kaboli, M.; Nijman, V.; Vences, M. (2009).
499:
143:
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This bird is 15 cm (5.9 in) long, larger than a
744:
Handbook of the Birds of India and
Pakistan. Volume 10
505:
629:. London, United Kingdom: Christopher Helm. pp.
829:. London: Published by the author. pp. 346–347.
588:
437:
In winter their call is a single note tweet or soft
429:Like the red-headed bunting but unlike many other
656:
531:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22720990A89314245.en
1367:
741:
972:
293:described in 1769 by the Austrian naturalist
756:
626:The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names
886:
822:
598:"Sylviid babblers, parrotbills, white-eyes"
373:
221:
75:
47:
29:
990:
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844:nesting on a preferred plant species".
622:
571:
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1406:Taxa named by Giovanni Antonio Scopoli
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1019:
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826:A manual of Palaearctic birds. Part 1
788:"Two records of Black-headed Bunting
737:
735:
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694:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
662:Birds of South Asia. The Ripley Guide
652:
650:
604:. International Ornithologists' Union
1210:eaaa72d9-8fd4-41a7-8520-224f4ab2736e
572:Paynter, Raymond A. Jr, ed. (1970).
1376:IUCN Red List least concern species
517:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
434:moulting in their winter quarters.
13:
759:"Sighting of Black-headed Bunting
728:
647:
616:
582:
14:
1417:
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458:Breeding male, Belo Polje, Serbia
901:10.1111/j.1474-919X.2006.00548.x
742:Ali, S & Ripley, SD (1999).
602:IOC World Bird List Version 11.1
575:Check-List of Birds of the World
475:
463:
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100:
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506:BirdLife International (2016).
320:are recognised. The genus name
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349:
331:, a bunting, and the specific
1:
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312:in Slovenia. The species is
289:The black-headed bunting was
941:10.1371/journal.pone.0004119
660:; Anderton, John C. (2012).
383:. In winter they form large
7:
768:Newsletter for Birdwatchers
714:10.1016/j.ympev.2007.12.007
284:
10:
1422:
623:Jobling, James A. (2010).
444:
363:back. The vent is yellow.
1027:
866:10.1080/00063650809461527
558:Annus Historico-Naturalis
553:Scopoli, Giovanni Antonio
245:Granativora melanocephala
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97:Scientific classification
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37:
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23:
979:Journal fĂĽr Ornithologie
524:: e.T22720990A89314245.
374:Distribution and habitat
295:Giovanni Antonio Scopoli
1401:Birds described in 1769
389:yellow-throated sparrow
1353:Emberiza-melanocephala
1086:emberiza-melanocephala
1073:Emberiza_melanocephala
1059:Emberiza melanocephala
1029:Emberiza melanocephala
973:Stresemann, E (1969).
842:Emberiza melanocephala
790:Emberiza melanocephala
761:Emberiza melanocephala
510:Emberiza melanocephala
408:
302:Emberiza melanocephala
261:Emberiza melanocephala
206:Emberiza melanocephala
805:: 102. Archived from
757:Gururaja, KV (1999).
470:Breeding male, Serbia
406:
399:Behaviour and ecology
342:meaning "black", and
188:E. melanocephala
24:Black-headed bunting
1205:Fauna Europaea (new)
823:Dresser, HE (1902).
658:Rasmussen, Pamela C.
256:black-headed bunting
1396:Birds of South Asia
932:2009PLoSO...4.4119A
858:2008BirdS..55..233A
706:2008MolPE..47..960A
419:Onopordum acanthium
67:Conservation status
1391:Birds of West Asia
992:10.1007/BF01671065
786:Dymond, N (1999).
592:; Donsker, David;
409:
360:red-headed bunting
279:red-headed bunting
1363:
1362:
1322:Open Tree of Life
1021:Taxon identifiers
671:978-84-96553-87-3
640:978-1-4081-2501-4
594:Rasmussen, Pamela
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337:Ancient Greek
335:combines the
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333:melanocephala
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306:type locality
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299:binomial name
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807:the original
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535:. Retrieved
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356:reed bunting
353:
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268:bird in the
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38:Adult male (
18:
1231:iNaturalist
1053:Wikispecies
590:Gill, Frank
537:11 November
350:Description
164:Emberizidae
58:Maharashtra
1370:Categories
1348:Xeno-canto
846:Bird Study
493:References
326:Old German
318:subspecies
297:under the
42:, Greece)
381:Karnataka
314:monotypic
266:passerine
182:Species:
120:Kingdom:
114:Eukaryota
60:, India)
1381:Emberiza
1275:22720990
1249:11189577
1109:22720990
1104:BirdLife
1093:BioLib:
1038:Wikidata
960:19127298
920:PLOS ONE
874:85017756
799:Forktail
775:(1): 14.
722:18411062
555:(1769).
431:Emberiza
324:is from
322:Emberiza
310:Carniola
291:formally
285:Taxonomy
274:migrates
236:Synonyms
175:Emberiza
160:Family:
134:Chordata
130:Phylum:
124:Animalia
110:Domain:
87:IUCN 3.1
56:Female (
1223:9613112
1158:blhbun1
1132:blhbun1
1044:Q334183
951:2612741
928:Bibcode
854:Bibcode
702:Bibcode
633:, 246.
445:Gallery
344:kephale
329:Embritz
270:bunting
264:) is a
213:Scopoli
170:Genus:
150:Order:
140:Class:
85: (
1327:178468
1301:357696
1262:554227
1179:EURING
1122:120606
1081:ARKive
958:
948:
872:
720:
668:
637:
608:17 May
304:. The
215:, 1769
40:Lesbos
1244:IRMNG
1197:97540
1184:18810
1166:EUNIS
1153:eBird
1145:6F7GC
1129:BOW:
870:S2CID
810:(PDF)
795:(PDF)
690:(PDF)
340:melas
316:: no
1340:6449
1314:1588
1296:NCBI
1270:IUCN
1257:ITIS
1236:9203
1218:GBIF
1171:1025
1117:BOLD
1096:9040
956:PMID
889:Ibis
718:PMID
666:ISBN
635:ISBN
610:2021
539:2021
522:2016
439:zrit
407:Eggs
254:The
144:Aves
1335:TSA
1283:NBN
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