1829:. These interactions are all very weak, but exposure to BPA is effectively lifelong, leading to concern over possible cumulative effects. Studying this sort of long‑term, low‑dose interaction is difficult, and although there have been numerous studies, there are considerable discrepancies in their conclusions regarding the nature of the effects observed as well as the levels at which they occur. A common criticism is that industry-sponsored trials tend to show BPA as being safer than studies performed by academic or government laboratories, although this has also been explained in terms of industry studies being better designed.
4460:
406:
245:
1128:
645:
1763:
1195:
640:
650:
635:
1726:
1240:
29:
769:
1618:
1699:
1672:
1645:
1273:
1880:
38:
970:. While normal exposure is below the level currently associated with risk, several jurisdictions have taken steps to reduce exposure on a precautionary basis, in particular by banning BPA from baby bottles. There is some evidence that BPA exposure in infants has decreased as a result of this. BPA-free plastics have also been introduced, which are manufactured using alternative bisphenols such as
844:
1853:(SVHC), which would make it easier to restrict or ban its use in future. In June 2023 after the EFSA reported about the toxicity of BPA the European Union has passed the resolution in early 2024 to ban BPA in all the food contact material including plastic and coated packaging and it said it would also address other bisphenols to avoid replacing with other harmful substances.
772:
774:
773:
2070:
and can use BPA concentrations well beyond environmental levels. As such, the precise effects of BPA on the growth, reproduction, and development of aquatic organism are not fully understood. Regardless, the existing data shows the effects of BPA on wildlife to be generally negative. BPA appears able
2004:
BPA has been detectable in the natural environment since the 1990s and is now widely distributed. It is primarily a river pollutant, but has also been observed in the marine environment, in soils, and lower levels can also be detected in air. The solubility of BPA in water is low (~300 g per ton
1836:
have all reviewed the health risks of BPA, and found normal exposure to be below the level currently associated with risk. Regardless, due to the scientific uncertainty, many jurisdictions have taken steps to reduce exposure on a precautionary basis. In particular, infants are considered to be at
1778:
As a result of the presence of BPA in plastics and other commonplace materials, most people are frequently exposed to trace levels of BPA. The primary source of human exposure is via food, as epoxy and PVC are used to line the inside of food cans to prevent corrosion of the metal by acidic
961:
in the body. Although the effect is very weak, the pervasiveness of BPA-containing materials raises concerns, as exposure is effectively lifelong. Many BPA-containing materials are non-obvious but commonly encountered, and include coatings for the inside of
3085:
Huang RP, Liu ZH, Yin H, Dang Z, Wu PX, Zhu NW, Lin Z (June 2018). "Bisphenol A concentrations in human urine, human intakes across six continents, and annual trends of average intakes in adult and child populations worldwide: A thorough literature review".
2028:
can be highly effective at removing BPA, giving reductions of 91–98%. Regardless, the remaining 2–9% of BPA will continue through to the environment, with low levels of BPA commonly observed in surface water and sediment in the U.S. and Europe.
4578:
Gauthier LT, Laurich B, Hebert CE, Drake C, Letcher RJ (20 August 2019). "Tetrabromobisphenol-A-Bis(dibromopropyl ether) Flame
Retardant in Eggs, Regurgitates, and Feces of Herring Gulls from Multiple North American Great Lakes Locations".
1138:
on both phenols, however minor amounts of the ortho-para (up to 3%) and ortho-ortho isomers are also produced, along with several other minor by‑products. These are not always removed and are known impurities in commercial samples of BPA.
1783:, which contains no BPA. Among the non-food sources, exposures routes include through dust, thermal paper, clothing, dental materials, and medical devices. Although BPA exposure is common it does not accumulate within the body, with
2005:
of water) but this is still sufficient to make it a significant means of distribution into the environment. Many of the largest sources of BPA pollution are water-based, particularly wastewater from industrial facilities using BPA.
4630:
Pawlowski KH, Schartel B (November 2007). "Flame retardancy mechanisms of triphenyl phosphate, resorcinol bis(diphenyl phosphate) and bisphenol A bis(diphenyl phosphate) in polycarbonate/acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene blends".
1054:(DES), which was used as a synthetic estrogen drug in women and animals until it was banned due to its risk of causing cancer; the ban on use of DES in humans came in 1971 and in animals, in 1979. BPA was never used as a drug.
2036:
in water has been estimated at between 4.5 and 15 days, degradation in the air is faster than this, while soil samples degrade more slowly. BPA in sediment degrades most slowly of all, particularly where this is anaerobic.
5274:
Teeguarden JG, Hanson-Drury S (December 2013). "A systematic review of
Bisphenol A "low dose" studies in the context of human exposure: A case for establishing standards for reporting "low-dose" effects of chemicals".
4949:
Van
Landuyt K, Nawrot T, Geebelen B, De Munck J, Snauwaert J, Yoshihara K, Scheers H, Godderis L, Hoet P, Van Meerbeek B (August 2011). "How much do resin-based dental materials release? A meta-analytical approach".
1523:
can remove 95% of BPA, with the pulp produced used to make newsprint, toilet paper and facial tissues. If deinking is not performed then the BPA remains in the fibers, paper recycled this way is usually made into
5698:"Inhibition of Testicular Steroidogenesis by the Xenoestrogen Bisphenol A Is Associated with Reduced Pituitary Luteinizing Hormone Secretion and Decreased Steroidogenic Enzyme Gene Expression in Rat Leydig Cells"
4032:
Gonçalves F, Kawano Y, Pfeifer C, Stansbury JW, Braga RR (August 2009). "Influence of BisGMA, TEGDMA, and BisEMA contents on viscosity, conversion, and flexural strength of experimental resins and composites".
6153:
Drewes JE, Hemming J, Ladenburger SJ, Schauer J, Sonzogni W (2005). "An assessment of endocrine disrupting activity changes during wastewater treatment through the use of bioassays and chemical measurements".
658:
2065:
character, the continuous release of BPA into the environment causes continuous exposure to both plant and animal life. Although many studies have been performed, these often focus on a limited range of
1234:, conducted under biphasic conditions; the hydrochloric acid is scavenged with aqueous base. This process converts the individual molecules of BPA into large polymer chains, effectively trapping them.
2597:
Joint FAO/WHO expert meeting to review toxicological and health aspects of bisphenol A : final report, including report of stakeholder meeting on bisphenol A, 1-5 November 2010, Ottawa, Canada
5744:
Matsushima A, Kakuta Y, Teramoto T, Koshiba T, Liu X, Okada H, et al. (October 2007). "Structural evidence for endocrine disruptor bisphenol A binding to human nuclear receptor ERR gamma".
615:
1319:, the production of these is low compared to other plastics but still equals several thousand tons a year. Comparatively minor amounts of BPA are also used as additives or modifiers in some
11339:
9024:
9019:
3639:
Terasaki M, Nomachi M, Edmonds JS, Morita M (May 2004). "Impurities in industrial grade 4,4'-isopropylidene diphenol (bisphenol A): possible implications for estrogenic activity".
1183:
6205:
Klecka GM, Staples CA, Clark KE, Van der Hoeven N, Thomas DE, Hentges SG (August 2009). "Exposure analysis of bisphenol A in surface water systems in North
America and Europe".
3191:
Chen D, Kannan K, Tan H, Zheng Z, Feng YL, Wu Y, Widelka M (7 June 2016). "Bisphenol
Analogues Other Than BPA: Environmental Occurrence, Human Exposure, and Toxicity—A Review".
6729:
11303:
8442:
10905:
6983:
8605:
732:
3868:
Wolak JE, Knutson J, Martin JD, Boyle P, Sargent AL, White JL (1 December 2003). "Dynamic
Disorder and Conformer Exchange in the Crystalline Monomer of Polycarbonate".
6973:
6291:
Zhang C, Li Y, Wang C, Niu L, Cai W (2 January 2016). "Occurrence of endocrine disrupting compounds in aqueous environment and their bacterial degradation: A review".
4103:
Sideridou ID, Achilias DS (July 2005). "Elution study of unreacted Bis-GMA, TEGDMA, UDMA, and Bis-EMA from light-cured dental resins and resin composites using HPLC".
775:
5136:
7297:
1458:(TBBPA), which is mainly used as a reactive component of polymers, meaning that it is incorporated into the polymer backbone. It is used to prepare fire-resistant
11137:
10477:
5628:
COMMISSION DIRECTIVE 2011/8/EU of 28 January 2011 amending
Directive 2002/72/EC as regards the restriction of use of Bisphenol A in plastic infant feeding bottles
783:
8956:
6671:
4660:"Alkylphenol and bisphenol A contamination of urban runoff: an evaluation of the emission potentials of various construction materials and automotive supplies"
4068:
Sideridou I, Tserki V, Papanastasiou G (April 2002). "Effect of chemical structure on degree of conversion in light-cured dimethacrylate-based dental resins".
1474:. TBBPA-BDBPE is not chemically bonded to the polymer and can leach out into the environment. The use of these compounds is diminishing due to restrictions on
1983:. Different expression of ERR-γ in different parts of the body may account for variations in bisphenol A effects. BPA has also been found to act as an
1975:= 5.5 nM), but only weakly to the ER. BPA binding to ERR-γ preserves its basal constitutive activity. It can also protect it from deactivation from the SERM
1366:
plastics have exceptional resistance to mechanical, thermal and chemical damage. They are used in medical devices and other high performance instrumentation.
3740:
1427:. Historically 5–10% by weight of BPA was included in barium-cadmium types, although these have largely been phased out due health concerns surrounding the
1299:
derivatives (bis-EMA, or EBPADMA). These may be incorporated at low levels in vinyl ester resins to change their physical properties and see common use in
5506:
5438:
NTP Research Report on the
Consortium Linking Academic and Regulatory Insights on Bisphenol A Toxicity (CLARITY-BPA): A Compendium of Published Findings
11296:
1803:
of populations. Food and drink containers made from
Bisphenol A-containing plastics do not contaminate the content to cause any increased cancer risk.
857:
2299:
Mitrofanova SE, Bakirova IN, Zenitova LA, Galimzyanova AR, Nefed'ev ES (September 2009). "Polyurethane varnish materials based on diphenylolpropane".
11052:
8419:
4545:
3923:
3360:
3325:
2368:
7103:
4213:
Takekoshi T, Kochanowski JE, Manello JS, Webber MJ (June 1985). "Polyetherimides. I. Preparation of dianhydrides containing aromatic ether groups".
2130:- used as a chain-length regulator in the production of polycarbonates and epoxy resins, it has also been studied as a potential endocrine disruptor
10818:
2196:
Shareef A, Angove MJ, Wells JD, Johnson BB (11 May 2006). "Aqueous
Solubilities of Estrone, 17β-Estradiol, 17α-Ethynylestradiol, and Bisphenol A".
9009:
1799:, which are then removed from the body through the urine. This allows exposure to be easily determined by urine testing, facilitating convenient
11580:
10869:
10861:
966:, clothing designs, shop receipts, and dental fillings. BPA has been investigated by public health agencies in many countries, as well as by the
797:
5831:
Staples CA, Dome PB, Klecka GM, Oblock ST, Harris LR (April 1998). "A review of the environmental fate, effects, and exposures of bisphenol A".
1004:. Over the following decade, coatings and resins derived from similar materials were described by workers at the companies of DeTrey Freres in
10444:
7991:
7981:
3766:
3609:
De Angelis A, Ingallina P, Perego C (March 2004). "Solid Acid Catalysts for Industrial Condensations of Ketones and Aldehydes with Aromatics".
11289:
11204:
11199:
10697:
10692:
10687:
10557:
8424:
11163:
11083:
10880:
10182:
9966:
8465:
8460:
8245:
8021:
8011:
6385:
Xiao C, Wang L, Zhou Q, Huang X (February 2020). "Hazards of bisphenol A (BPA) exposure: A systematic review of plant toxicology studies".
2462:
Updated European Union risk assessment report : 4,4'-isopropylidenediphenol (bisphenol-A) : environment addendum of February 2008
455:
9669:
6547:
Oehlmann J, Schulte-Oehlmann U, Kloas W, Jagnytsch O, Lutz I, Kusk KO, Wollenberger L, Santos EM, Paull GC, Van Look KJ, Tyler CR (2009).
10955:
10950:
10722:
10647:
8764:
8699:
8694:
8644:
8475:
8389:
8001:
2223:
Robinson BJ, Hui JP, Soo EC, Hellou J (2009). "Estrogenic Compounds in Seawater and Sediment from Halifax Harbour, Nova Scotia, Canada".
2148:
Lim CF, Tanski JM (3 August 2007). "Structural Analysis of Bisphenol-A and its Methylene, Sulfur, and Oxygen Bridged Bisphenol Analogs".
1470:. TBBPA is also converted to tetrabromobisphenol-A-bis(2,3,-dibromopropyl ether) (TBBPA-BDBPE) which can be used as a flame retardant in
5018:
Shin BS, Kim CH, Jun YS, Kim DH, Lee BM, Yoon CH, et al. (December 2004). "Physiologically based pharmacokinetics of bisphenol A".
1779:
foodstuffs. Polycarbonate drinks containers are also a source of exposure, although most disposable drinks bottles are actually made of
11476:
11415:
10930:
10925:
10772:
10767:
9119:
8949:
8759:
8634:
8585:
8409:
8394:
8325:
8036:
7946:
6664:
4716:
Liao C, Kannan K (November 2011). "Widespread occurrence of bisphenol A in paper and paper products: implications for human exposure".
790:
11535:
11265:
11098:
11093:
10777:
10612:
10567:
9916:
8918:
8225:
8220:
8210:
8051:
7881:
4314:
Ghosh NN, Kiskan B, Yagci Y (November 2007). "Polybenzoxazines—New high performance thermosetting resins: Synthesis and properties".
6493:
Wu NC, Seebacher F (July 2020). "Effect of the plastic pollutant bisphenol A on the biology of aquatic organisms: A meta-analysis".
11471:
11410:
10935:
10843:
10838:
10828:
10742:
10667:
9679:
8754:
8575:
7926:
5575:
1315:
The remaining 5% of BPA is used in a wide range of applications, many of which involve plastic. BPA is a main component of several
728:
3537:
Kwon JH, Katz LE, Liljestrand HM (October 2007). "Modeling binding equilibrium in a competitive estrogen receptor binding assay".
3234:
Eladak S, Grisin T, Moison D, Guerquin MJ, N'Tumba-Byn T, Pozzi-Gaudin S, Benachi A, Livera G, Rouiller-Fabre V, Habert R (2015).
2870:
Noonan GO, Ackerman LK, Begley TH (July 2011). "Concentration of bisphenol A in highly consumed canned foods on the U.S. market".
2697:"Why public health agencies cannot depend on good laboratory practices as a criterion for selecting data: the case of bisphenol A"
10782:
8923:
7403:
2121:
1127:
5411:
2366:
Fiege H, Voges HW, Hamamoto T, Umemura S, Iwata T, Miki H, Fujita Y, Buysch HJ, Garbe D, Paulus W (2000). "Phenol Derivatives".
142:
135:
10458:
7916:
3833:
Okada K (July 1996). "X-ray crystal structure analyses and atomic charges of color former and developer. I. Color developers".
2071:
to affect development and reproduction in a wide range of wildlife, with certain species being particularly sensitive, such as
6248:
Kang J, Katayama Y, Kondo F (16 January 2006). "Biodegradation or metabolism of bisphenol A: From microorganisms to mammals".
3684:"Occurrence, endocrine-related bioeffects and fate of bisphenol A chemical degradation intermediates and impurities: A review"
11540:
11260:
8942:
8913:
7865:
6657:
5926:
Ozhan K, Kocaman E (February 2019). "Temporal and Spatial Distributions of Bisphenol A in Marine and Freshwaters in Turkey".
5640:
4357:
4257:
4197:
4016:
3807:
3593:
2613:
1915:
281:
6998:
1841:
and related products by the US, Canada, and EU amongst others. Bottle producers have largely switched from polycarbonate to
11255:
9751:
9229:
8908:
6904:
5310:
5982:
Cousins I, Staples C, Kleĉka G, Mackay D (July 2002). "A Multimedia Assessment of the Environmental Fate of Bisphenol A".
4987:"Development of Analytical Method for Determining Trace Amounts of BPA in Urine Samples and Estimation of Exposure to BPA"
11570:
10989:
7253:
3139:"Bisphenol S in Food Causes Hormonal and Obesogenic Effects Comparable to or Worse than Bisphenol A: A Literature Review"
1888:
1487:
5476:
5069:
Bousoumah R, Leso V, Iavicoli I, Huuskonen P, Viegas S, Porras SP, Santonen T, Frery N, Robert A, Ndaw S (August 2021).
2911:
2266:
1519:(shop receipts). Recycled paper products can also contain BPA, although this can depend strongly on how it is recycled.
9214:
9209:
7660:
7655:
4562:
3940:
3377:
3342:
2385:
1971:(endogenous ligand unknown) behaves as a constitutive activator of transcription. BPA seems to bind strongly to ERR-γ (
1592:
have been developed to give the same properties as polycarbonate (durable, clear) without using BPA or its analogues.
852:
7093:
4145:
Geens T, Goeyens L, Covaci A (September 2011). "Are potential sources for human exposure to bisphenol-A overlooked?".
9262:
7322:
6899:
6598:"Endocrine disruption from plastic pollution and warming interact to increase the energetic cost of growth in a fish"
5559:
5357:
4417:
3791:
3750:
2784:"The Estrogen Receptor Relative Binding Affinities of 188 Natural and Xenochemicals: Structural Diversity of Ligands"
2479:
1937:, the major female sex hormone in humans. At high concentrations, BPA also binds to and acts as an antagonist of the
1062:
The synthesis of BPA still follows Dianin's general method, with the fundamentals changing little in 130 years. The
420:
8105:
3289: : 488-517, 523–546, 601–611; see especially pages 491-493 ("Диметилдифенолметань" (dimethyldiphenolmethane)).
2459:
9278:
8504:
7409:
7372:
7202:
7167:
4373:
Laza JM, Veloso A, Vilas JL (10 January 2021). "Tailoring new bisphenol a ethoxylated shape memory polyurethanes".
2058:
9833:
9399:
7098:
5182:
MacKay H, Abizaid A (May 2018). "A plurality of molecular targets: The receptor ecosystem for bisphenol-A (BPA)".
864:
11450:
11323:
10413:
7327:
5227:"An extensive new literature concerning low-dose effects of bisphenol A shows the need for a new risk assessment"
1964:
1568:
Concerns about the health effects of BPA have led some manufacturers replacing it with other bisphenols, such as
1495:
9473:
9441:
5879:"Global Assessment of Bisphenol A in the Environment: Review and Analysis of Its Occurrence and Bioaccumulation"
3236:"A new chapter in the bisphenol A story: bisphenol S and bisphenol F are not safe alternatives to this compound"
1791:
of BPA in adult humans to be around two hours. The body first converts it into more water-soluble compounds via
11560:
11394:
9664:
6857:
5373:"Scientific Opinion on the risks to public health related to the presence of bisphenol A (BPA) in foodstuffs".
2570:
1850:
1147:
BPA has a fairly high melting point but can be easily dissolved in a broad range of organic solvents including
8095:
2975:
11550:
5518:
4906:
Vandenberg LN, Hauser R, Marcus M, Olea N, Welshons WV (August 2007). "Human exposure to bisphenol A (BPA)".
2829:
2093:
1812:
1439:, which are used as coatings for the inside of food cans, as well as embossed clothes designs produced using
1160:
6764:
6744:
1102:. An excess of phenol is used to ensure full condensation and to limit the formation of byproducts, such as
11545:
11513:
11250:
9564:
8903:
8873:
8438:
7732:
7120:
4761:"Bisphenol S and F: A Systematic Review and Comparison of the Hormonal Activity of Bisphenol A Substitutes"
4273:
Vijayakumar CT, Shamim Rishwana S, Surender R, David Mathan N, Vinayagamoorthi S, Alam S (2 January 2014).
1260:
1174:/n (where n indicates the glide plane); within this individual molecules of BPA are arraigned with a 91.5°
702:
353:
240:
11014:
9124:
9099:
7593:
6946:
6759:
649:
11575:
11270:
9512:
7810:
7172:
6774:
5071:"Biomonitoring of occupational exposure to bisphenol A, bisphenol S and bisphenol F: A systematic review"
1867:
of 4 g/kg (mouse). Reports indicate that it is a minor skin irritant as well, although less so than
1379:
1012:, which in turn motivated production of BPA. The utilization of BPA further expanded with discoveries at
384:
182:
7795:
7790:
7598:
1415:
can contain BPA and its derivatives through multiple routes. BPA is sometimes used as an antioxidant in
644:
9517:
7332:
6951:
3008:
1780:
1475:
1382:
forming poly(bisphenol-A sulfone) (PSF). It is used as a high performance alternative to polycarbonate.
1135:
712:
639:
8100:
11312:
10572:
10482:
9704:
7162:
6889:
6835:
2744:
Egan M (2013). "Sarah A. Vogel. Is It Safe? BPA and the Struggle to Define the Safety of Chemicals".
1846:
1386:
1359:
such as Ultem can be produced from BPA via a nitro-displacement of appropriate bisnitroimides. These
1316:
967:
931:
740:
252:
6941:
4459:
1050:, the major natural female sex hormone. Dodds eventually developed a structurally similar compound,
953:
The health effects of BPA have been the subject of prolonged public and scientific debate. BPA is a
11133:
10895:
10808:
10433:
10126:
9659:
9654:
9554:
7752:
7721:
7441:
7382:
7115:
6893:
6769:
6719:
6439:
Rubin AM, Seebacher F (July 2022). "Bisphenols impact hormone levels in animals: A meta-analysis".
4433:
3498:"Molecular Structure in Relation to Oestrogenic Activity. Compounds without a Phenanthrene Nucleus"
1287:, which is used to make vinyl ester resins. Alternatively, and to a much lesser extent, BPA may be
820:
748:
401:
8090:
7825:
7805:
6334:
Im J, Löffler FE (16 August 2016). "Fate of Bisphenol A in Terrestrial and Aquatic Environments".
2641:
Hengstler JG, Foth H, Gebel T, Kramer PJ, Lilienblum W, Schweinfurth H, et al. (April 2011).
10421:
10331:
9956:
9946:
9881:
9409:
9179:
8621:
7548:
7110:
7010:
3742:
CRC handbook of chemistry and physics : a ready-reference book of chemical and physical data
1907:
1731:
9219:
9194:
9134:
9129:
7292:
6027:"Bisphenol A and its analogues in outdoor and indoor air: Properties, sources and global levels"
5877:
Corrales J, Kristofco LA, Steele WB, Yates BS, Breed CS, Williams ES, Brooks BW (29 July 2015).
2695:
Myers JP, vom Saal FS, Akingbemi BT, Arizono K, Belcher S, Colborn T, et al. (March 2009).
2506:"Bisphenol A and its analogues in outdoor and indoor air: Properties, sources and global levels"
1817:
The health effects of BPA have been the subject of prolonged public and scientific debate, with
11585:
11555:
10389:
9941:
9421:
9346:
9341:
9294:
8613:
7748:
7387:
7258:
7130:
6978:
6847:
6796:
4410:
Linear polyurethanes : synthesis methods, chemical structures, properties and applications
2828:
Geens T, Aerts D, Berthot C, Bourguignon JP, Goeyens L, Lecomte P, et al. (October 2012).
2404:
Abraham A, Chakraborty P (June 2020). "A review on sources and health impacts of bisphenol A".
1911:
1845:
and there is some evidence that BPA exposure in infants has decreased as a result of this. The
1588:. Health concerns have also been raised about these substitutes. Alternative polymers, such as
1479:
1432:
1390:
1350:
1071:
9149:
8085:
6074:
Fürhacker M, Scharf S, Weber H (September 2000). "Bisphenol A: emissions from point sources".
4473:
Shah AC, Poledna DJ (September 2003). "Review of PVC dispersion and blending resin products".
3293:
3278:
2912:"Bisphenols, Benzophenones, and Bisphenol A Diglycidyl Ethers in Textiles and Infant Clothing"
2346:
634:
10662:
10487:
10425:
9951:
9495:
9458:
9446:
9314:
8145:
7633:
7483:
7377:
7042:
6724:
5601:
4659:
2460:
European Commission. Joint Research Centre. Institute for Health Consumer Protection (2010).
2041:
degradation has been reported, but is generally slower than biodegradation. Pathways include
2032:
Once in the environment BPA is aerobically biodegraded by a wide a variety of organisms. Its
1972:
1525:
1467:
1455:
1099:
1063:
900:
672:
627:
584:
9224:
9199:
9174:
9159:
9094:
9034:
9029:
4859:"The state of bisphenol research in the lesser developed countries of the EU: a mini-review"
4349:
2643:"Critical evaluation of key evidence on the human health hazards of exposure to bisphenol A"
10082:
9739:
9478:
9384:
9326:
9104:
8305:
7773:
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7717:
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7471:
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7214:
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6394:
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6300:
6257:
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6083:
6038:
5991:
5935:
5840:
5082:
5027:
4915:
4725:
4674:
4588:
4248:
Lau KS (2014). "10 - High-Performance Polyimides and High Temperature Resistant Polymers".
4222:
4154:
3895:
3842:
3695:
3648:
3546:
3509:
3460:
3200:
3095:
2987:
2923:
2517:
2157:
2025:
2014:
1788:
1103:
997:
362:
50:
9164:
9039:
9014:
6936:
202:
8:
11143:
11058:
10122:
9906:
9763:
9729:
9539:
9239:
8828:
8823:
8555:
8515:
8360:
8280:
8180:
8170:
8115:
7695:
7231:
6988:
6842:
6739:
1930:
1826:
1604:
1440:
1405:
can incorporate BPA and its derivatives as hard segment chain extenders, particularly in
736:
101:
9154:
6506:
6452:
6398:
6347:
6304:
6261:
6218:
6167:
6087:
6042:
5995:
5939:
5844:
5086:
5031:
4919:
4729:
4678:
4592:
4226:
4158:
3846:
3699:
3652:
3550:
3513:
3464:
3204:
3099:
3031:
Ahovuo-Saloranta A, Forss H, Walsh T, Nordblad A, Mäkelä M, Worthington HV (July 2017).
2991:
2927:
2521:
2161:
1821:
listing more than 18,000 scientific papers as of 2024. Concern is mostly related to its
930:
account for 25–30% of BPA use. The remaining 5% is used as a major component of several
405:
244:
162:
111:
11496:
11440:
11379:
11315:
11281:
11225:
11009:
10890:
10472:
10086:
9746:
9404:
9321:
9266:
9109:
9069:
9059:
8999:
8968:
7665:
7528:
7488:
7466:
7399:
7302:
7275:
7243:
7076:
6966:
6818:
6683:
6630:
6597:
6573:
6548:
6526:
6472:
6418:
6316:
6187:
6007:
5959:
5903:
5878:
5805:
5780:
5588:
5457:
5251:
5226:
5207:
5140:
5118:
5051:
4883:
4858:
4834:
4809:
4785:
4760:
4698:
4612:
4525:
4490:
4390:
4327:
4296:
3984:
3957:
3760:
3721:
3478:
3424:
3399:
3165:
3138:
3119:
3057:
3032:
2721:
2696:
2667:
2642:
2429:
2316:
2248:
2173:
2127:
2102:- a proposed metabolite of BPA, which may show increased endocrine disrupting character
2099:
1976:
1589:
1320:
1091:
1051:
1043:
899:, but has very poor solubility in water. BPA is produced on an industrial scale by the
10813:
9089:
6095:
5852:
4810:"Exposure of the U.S. population to bisphenol A and 4-tertiary-octylphenol: 2003-2004"
4081:
3708:
3683:
3660:
3558:
2999:
11565:
10823:
10597:
10046:
9054:
9049:
8976:
8965:
8679:
8295:
8255:
8120:
7896:
7815:
7618:
7523:
7342:
7059:
6921:
6830:
6813:
6781:
6734:
6691:
6680:
6635:
6617:
6578:
6530:
6518:
6476:
6464:
6422:
6410:
6367:
6359:
6273:
6230:
6179:
6099:
6056:
5951:
5908:
5856:
5810:
5761:
5719:
5641:"MSC unanimously agrees that Bisphenol A is an endocrine disruptor - All news - ECHA"
5555:
5461:
5449:
5353:
5292:
5256:
5199:
5122:
5110:
5043:
4967:
4931:
4888:
4839:
4790:
4741:
4690:
4616:
4604:
4558:
4441:
4434:"European Union Summary Risk Assessment Report - Bis (2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate (DEHP)"
4413:
4394:
4353:
4275:"Structurally diverse benzoxazines: synthesis, polymerization, and thermal stability"
4253:
4193:
4170:
4120:
4085:
4050:
4046:
4012:
3989:
3936:
3854:
3787:
3746:
3713:
3664:
3589:
3562:
3429:
3373:
3338:
3257:
3252:
3235:
3216:
3170:
3111:
3062:
3013:
2939:
2887:
2852:
2805:
2761:
2726:
2672:
2609:
2566:
2535:
2475:
2433:
2421:
2381:
2240:
1938:
1903:
1887:, the major female sex hormone in humans (green) and BPA (purple). This displays the
1766:
The largest exposure humans have had to BPA is from food packaging, particularly the
1636:
1546:
1256:
1083:
927:
884:
429:
InChI=1S/C15H16O2/c1-15(2,11-3-7-13(16)8-4-11)12-5-9-14(17)10-6-12/h3-10,16-17H,1-2H3
9204:
6460:
6320:
6191:
6051:
6026:
6011:
5963:
5211:
5154:
5095:
5070:
5055:
4702:
4529:
4494:
4300:
3725:
3123:
3107:
2530:
2505:
2320:
2252:
2177:
1617:
1122:. Global production in 2022 was estimated to be in the region of 10 million tonnes.
911:. Global production in 2022 was estimated to be in the region of 10 million tonnes.
439:
InChI=1/C15H16O2/c1-15(2,11-3-7-13(16)8-4-11)12-5-9-14(17)10-6-12/h3-10,16-17H,1-2H3
11073:
10542:
9507:
9254:
9139:
9079:
9074:
9064:
9044:
9004:
8565:
8545:
7493:
7357:
6916:
6754:
6714:
6625:
6609:
6568:
6560:
6510:
6456:
6402:
6351:
6308:
6265:
6222:
6171:
6133:
6091:
6046:
5999:
5943:
5898:
5890:
5848:
5800:
5792:
5753:
5709:
5585:
5545:
5441:
5390:
5382:
5345:
5284:
5246:
5238:
5191:
5100:
5090:
5035:
4998:
4959:
4927:
4923:
4878:
4870:
4829:
4821:
4780:
4772:
4733:
4682:
4640:
4596:
4550:
4517:
4482:
4382:
4345:
4323:
4286:
4230:
4162:
4112:
4077:
4042:
3979:
3969:
3928:
3877:
3850:
3703:
3656:
3618:
3554:
3517:
3482:
3468:
3419:
3411:
3365:
3330:
3305:
3247:
3208:
3160:
3150:
3103:
3052:
3048:
3044:
3003:
2995:
2931:
2879:
2844:
2795:
2753:
2716:
2708:
2662:
2654:
2601:
2558:
2525:
2465:
2413:
2373:
2308:
2232:
2205:
2165:
2042:
1900:
1896:
1342:
1300:
1280:
1017:
990:
573:
483:
9184:
7830:
6406:
6312:
5671:
3334:
1698:
1671:
1644:
10632:
10365:
10239:
9871:
9818:
9773:
9574:
8490:
8375:
8230:
7901:
7568:
7543:
7394:
7347:
7157:
7017:
5696:
Akingbemi BT, Sottas CM, Koulova AI, Klinefelter GR, Hardy MP (1 February 2004).
5342:
EFSA explains the Safety of Bisphenol A: scientific opinion on bisphenol A (2015)
4963:
4291:
4274:
3781:
2658:
2062:
2006:
1968:
1945:
1919:
1832:
Public health agencies in the EU, US, Canada, Australia and Japan as well as the
1792:
1690:
1576:. These are produced in a similar manner to BPA, by replacing acetone with other
1451:
1444:
1431:. BPA diglycidyl ether (BADGE) is used as an acid scavenger, particularly in PVC
1424:
1369:
1264:
1119:
1008:
and DeVoe and Raynolds in the US. This early work underpinned the development of
1001:
326:
10343:
10339:
10317:
6138:
6121:
5318:
5195:
4166:
11103:
10865:
10737:
10166:
9886:
9858:
9850:
9689:
9594:
9584:
9529:
9524:
9426:
9244:
9144:
8934:
8335:
8160:
8135:
7763:
7739:
7712:
7608:
7533:
7436:
7221:
7192:
7049:
6992:
6931:
6926:
6649:
5947:
4234:
2595:
2067:
1857:
1771:
1535:
1356:
1304:
1227:
1111:
835:
716:
597:
567:
250–252 °C (482–486 °F; 523–525 K) at 13 torrs (0.017 atm)
7675:
6269:
6003:
5796:
5781:"Estrogen biology: new insights into GPER function and clinical opportunities"
5619:
5288:
5039:
4686:
4272:
3974:
2848:
2800:
2783:
2312:
2169:
1762:
11529:
10717:
10552:
10527:
10307:
10225:
10058:
10036:
9891:
9768:
9500:
9351:
9309:
8744:
8689:
8664:
8240:
7638:
7538:
6749:
6621:
5894:
5482:
5386:
4554:
4445:
3932:
3415:
3369:
3309:
2765:
2562:
2377:
2342:
2274:
2010:
1941:(AR). In addition to receptor binding, the compound has been found to affect
1842:
1800:
1784:
1717:
1541:
Several drug candidates have also been developed from bisphenol A, including
1516:
1491:
1471:
1459:
1360:
1338:
1223:
1217:
1199:
1194:
1179:
1175:
1156:
1095:
1087:
1035:
1021:
943:
919:
694:
562:
552:
233:
6355:
6175:
4600:
3212:
2947:
2935:
2417:
11435:
11349:
10885:
10857:
10833:
10702:
10627:
10537:
10532:
10522:
10325:
10291:
10281:
10277:
10212:
10206:
10138:
9634:
9624:
9599:
9463:
9416:
9270:
9258:
8883:
8739:
8669:
8570:
8560:
8525:
8495:
8429:
8404:
8355:
8310:
8275:
8250:
8195:
8150:
7986:
7768:
7685:
7573:
7503:
7478:
7426:
7416:
7362:
7209:
7142:
7027:
7022:
7005:
6956:
6639:
6613:
6582:
6564:
6549:"A critical analysis of the biological impacts of plasticizers on wildlife"
6522:
6468:
6414:
6371:
6277:
6234:
6183:
6103:
6060:
5955:
5912:
5814:
5765:
5723:
5453:
5296:
5260:
5203:
5114:
5047:
4971:
4935:
4892:
4843:
4794:
4745:
4694:
4608:
4174:
4124:
4089:
4054:
3993:
3717:
3668:
3566:
3522:
3497:
3433:
3400:"The politics of plastics: the making and unmaking of bisphenol a "safety""
3261:
3220:
3174:
3115:
3066:
3017:
2943:
2891:
2856:
2809:
2730:
2676:
2539:
2425:
2244:
2109:
2072:
1980:
1825:-like activity, although it can interact with other receptor systems as an
1744:
1663:
1623:
1585:
1423:
for PVC. BPA has also been used as an antioxidant to protect sensitive PVC
1402:
1296:
1107:
1009:
954:
939:
6122:"Contaminants of emerging concern in landfill leachate in China: A review"
5860:
5105:
4985:
Tsukioka T, Terasawa JI, Sato S, Hatayama Y, Makino T, Nakazawa H (2004).
4658:
Lamprea K, Bressy A, Mirande-Bret C, Caupos E, Gromaire MC (August 2018).
1725:
1490:(BADP), which is used as a liquid flame retarder in some high performance
1323:. These materials are much more common but their BPA content will be low.
1263:(usually abbreviated BADGE or DGEBA). This is achieved by a reaction with
796:
11491:
11430:
11354:
11344:
11230:
11158:
11123:
11118:
11078:
11048:
11024:
11019:
10848:
10792:
10787:
10682:
10677:
10657:
10607:
10582:
10577:
10502:
10492:
10409:
10405:
10393:
10383:
10379:
10347:
10335:
10321:
10313:
10253:
10186:
10130:
10102:
9936:
9911:
9783:
9684:
9559:
9483:
9453:
9304:
9284:
9234:
9188:
9084:
8868:
8749:
8734:
8729:
8659:
8595:
8550:
8454:
8450:
8399:
8345:
8340:
8320:
8260:
8205:
8175:
8165:
8155:
8125:
8110:
8026:
8006:
7911:
7835:
7727:
7680:
7645:
7563:
7553:
7498:
7456:
7421:
7367:
7352:
7317:
7312:
7066:
7037:
5714:
5697:
5602:"Consolidated federal laws of canada, Canada Consumer Product Safety Act"
3033:"Pit and fissure sealants for preventing dental decay in permanent teeth"
1957:
1942:
1838:
1739:
1704:
1677:
1650:
1581:
1573:
1569:
1531:
1509:
1463:
1462:
by replacing some bisphenol A. A lower grade of TBBPA is used to prepare
1420:
1406:
1375:
1288:
1252:
1167:
1005:
978:, but there is also controversy around whether these are actually safer.
975:
971:
947:
923:
809:
5757:
4776:
4508:
Shah AC, Poledna DJ (September 2002). "Review of specialty PVC resins".
4116:
3622:
2712:
1106:. BPA is fairly cheap to produce, as the synthesis benefits from a high
922:, which accounts for 65–70% of all BPA production. The manufacturing of
782:
724:
222:
11481:
11420:
11369:
11173:
11153:
11128:
10975:
10920:
10875:
10853:
10762:
10757:
10727:
10712:
10707:
10672:
10562:
10517:
10497:
10375:
10369:
10273:
10261:
10221:
10202:
10178:
10162:
10072:
10068:
10042:
10028:
9981:
9976:
9971:
9961:
9931:
9901:
9896:
9876:
9813:
9734:
9714:
9699:
9694:
9639:
9589:
9490:
9431:
9364:
9359:
9336:
9274:
9249:
8838:
8805:
8654:
8649:
8629:
8600:
8520:
8485:
8480:
8470:
8365:
8300:
8235:
8185:
8041:
7936:
7891:
7850:
7758:
7707:
7558:
7508:
7461:
7451:
7270:
7238:
7197:
7147:
7137:
7083:
7071:
7032:
6884:
6879:
6874:
6869:
6864:
6786:
5445:
4874:
3155:
2605:
2298:
1891:
which allows BPA to mimic the effects of estradiol and other estrogens.
1416:
1239:
1164:
1115:
915:
892:
789:
511:
271:
253:
193:
28:
9674:
9169:
6553:
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
6546:
6514:
6363:
6226:
5395:
5003:
4986:
4825:
4737:
4521:
4486:
4386:
3881:
2883:
2209:
744:
690:
11364:
11168:
11148:
11088:
11068:
10910:
10747:
10622:
10617:
10602:
10587:
10547:
10429:
10397:
10355:
10303:
10299:
10295:
10285:
10265:
10249:
10198:
10174:
10170:
10158:
10150:
10146:
10106:
10094:
10078:
10064:
10054:
10050:
10006:
9866:
9840:
9828:
9803:
9793:
9778:
9758:
9709:
9609:
9604:
9579:
9569:
9534:
9394:
9369:
9331:
9289:
8859:
8833:
8813:
8809:
8797:
8674:
8639:
8580:
8540:
8535:
8434:
8414:
8350:
8315:
8290:
8285:
8270:
8190:
8140:
8061:
7996:
7941:
7931:
7921:
7855:
7702:
7690:
7446:
7337:
7265:
7226:
7152:
7125:
7054:
6808:
6791:
5242:
4105:
Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials
3585:
3473:
3448:
2236:
2076:
2033:
1953:
1934:
1884:
1796:
1563:
1542:
1436:
1363:
1079:
1047:
708:
373:
9114:
4644:
2973:
1110:
and large amounts of both starting materials are available from the
834:
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their
11359:
11039:
11029:
10732:
10592:
10512:
10507:
10440:
10257:
10194:
10190:
10154:
10142:
10114:
10110:
10098:
10090:
10020:
9808:
9798:
9644:
9629:
9614:
9549:
9544:
9389:
9299:
8845:
8724:
8719:
8714:
8709:
8704:
8510:
8265:
8200:
8016:
7971:
7966:
7961:
7956:
7951:
7906:
7845:
7840:
7780:
6961:
6803:
5349:
3956:
Ng F, Couture G, Philippe C, Boutevin B, Caillol S (January 2017).
2757:
2046:
2018:
1923:
1822:
1609:
1520:
1346:
1292:
1231:
1039:
963:
958:
755:
301:
213:
5550:
3030:
2974:
Björnsdotter MK, de Boer J, Ballesteros-Gómez A (September 2017).
2470:
1198:
Bisphenol A is primarily used to make plastics, such as this
141:
134:
11384:
11194:
10940:
10752:
10652:
10642:
10637:
10417:
10361:
10351:
10243:
10118:
9926:
9921:
9823:
9788:
9719:
9619:
9468:
9436:
9374:
8801:
8590:
8530:
8330:
8215:
8056:
8031:
7886:
7628:
7578:
7518:
7179:
5695:
4948:
4212:
3502:
Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences
2038:
2017:
from PVC items may also be a significant source, as can landfill
1984:
1949:
1926:
1550:
1508:
BPA is used as an antioxidant in several fields, particularly in
1428:
1284:
1152:
1148:
1067:
1024:
987:
908:
896:
888:
678:
542:
313:
6204:
4808:
Calafat AM, Ye X, Wong LY, Reidy JA, Needham LL (January 2008).
4543:
Dagani MJ, Barda HJ, Benya TJ, Sanders DC. "Bromine Compounds".
3745:(2016-2017, 97th ed.). Boca Raton, Florida. pp. 3–56.
1979:(afimoxifene). This may be the mechanism by which BPA acts as a
1272:
11113:
11108:
10965:
10229:
10217:
10032:
10001:
9996:
9991:
9724:
9379:
8852:
8793:
8778:
8684:
6152:
5743:
5542:
Bisphenol A and baby bottles : challenges and perspectives
4657:
4031:
3137:
Thoene M, Dzika E, Gonkowski S, Wojtkiewicz J (February 2020).
3136:
1868:
1818:
1712:
1685:
1658:
1631:
1577:
1483:
1349:, which is one of a number of resins used in the production of
1075:
957:, exhibiting hormone-like properties that mimic the effects of
904:
720:
173:
10459:
5339:
5068:
3449:"Synthetic Œstrogenic Agents without the Phenanthrene Nucleus"
1879:
686:
37:
11189:
11063:
10945:
10915:
10134:
10016:
9845:
8384:
8066:
7976:
7907:
Andarine (acetamidoxolutamide, androxolutamide, GTx-007, S-4)
7866:
6750:
Adrenosterone (11-ketoandrostenedione, 11-oxoandrostenedione)
5512:
4856:
4252:(3rd ed.). San Diego: William Andrew. pp. 319–323.
4192:(1st ed.). London: Blackie Academic & Professional.
2830:"A review of dietary and non-dietary exposure to bisphenol-A"
2694:
1767:
1028:
1013:
337:
153:
124:
5876:
5435:
4984:
4067:
3638:
2827:
1027:. These plastics first appeared in 1958, being produced by
389:
11209:
10990:
10900:
10269:
10024:
8817:
8130:
5672:"EU court confirms BPA as substance of 'very high concern'"
5648:
5599:
3958:"Bio-Based Aromatic Epoxy Monomers for Thermoset Materials"
2105:
1988:
1861:
1580:, which undergo analogous condensation reactions. Thus, in
1042:
in the early 1930s. Subsequent work found that it bound to
532:
292:
5981:
5539:
4905:
4667:
Environmental Science and Pollution Research International
4577:
3233:
1372:
may be produced from a number of biphenols, including BPA.
11044:
8500:
5137:"Does using plastic bottles and containers cause cancer?"
4147:
International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health
3955:
3608:
2976:"Bisphenol A and replacements in thermal paper: A review"
2365:
2195:
1833:
1412:
935:
11311:
7591:
17α-Alkylated 5α-dihydro-19-nortestosterone derivatives:
6293:
Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology
4857:
Thoene M, Rytel L, Nowicka N, Wojtkiewicz J (May 2018).
3298:
Berichte der Deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft zu Berlin
2640:
1337:
Polycyanurates can be produced from BPA by way of its di
1118:
is water, it may be considered an industrial example of
11451:
11324:
7094:
7α-Methyl-19-norandrostenedione (MENT dione, trestione)
6602:
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
5830:
3867:
3489:
1895:
BPA has been found to interact with a diverse range of
1226:
plastics, which can consist of nearly 90% BPA by mass.
682:
11395:
9360:
Epiestriol (16β-epiestriol, 16β-hydroxy-17β-estradiol)
7788:
5α-Dihydro-17α-ethynyl-19-nortestosterone derivatives:
5928:
Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology
5273:
5020:
Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part A
1899:, in both humans and animals. It binds to both of the
1341:(BADCy). This is formed by a reaction between BPA and
1251:
About 25–30% of all BPA is used in the manufacture of
986:
Bisphenol A was first reported in 1891 by the Russian
4215:
Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition
3285:(Journal of the Russian Physical Chemistry Society),
1933:. However, it is 1000- to 2000-fold less potent than
8874:
6120:
Qi C, Huang J, Wang B, Deng S, Wang Y, Yu G (2018).
6073:
3281:(On condensation products of ketones with phenols),
2869:
2752:(1). Berkeley: University of California Press: 254.
2222:
2009:
can be a major source of release when this includes
1860:(i.e. from a single large dose) as indicated by its
1134:
Usually, the addition of acetone takes place at the
7222:
Normethandrone (methylestrenolone, normethisterone)
5772:
4542:
4438:
Joint Research Centre (JRC) Publications Repository
3536:
2096:- used as a UV stabilizer in cosmetics and plastics
1837:greater risk, leading to bans on the use of BPA in
280:
5582:. U.S. Government Publishing Office. 17 July 2012.
5517:. Department of Health (Australia). Archived from
4807:
4144:
3292:Reprinted in condensed form in: A. Dianin (1892)
3190:
2403:
2191:
2189:
2187:
1534:BPA finds minor use as a 'levelling agent' in tin
1163:from acetic acid with water. Crystals form in the
7434:17α-Alkylated 5α-dihydrotestosterone derivatives:
6384:
6247:
5544:. The Publications Office of the European Union.
4629:
4102:
2905:
2903:
2901:
950:, although it is often wrongly labelled as such.
11527:
8964:
6679:
6596:Wu NC, Rubin AM, Seebacher F (26 January 2022).
6595:
6024:
4313:
4190:Chemistry and technology of cyanate ester resins
3902:. Spectral Database for Organic Compounds (SDBS)
3296:(Condensation products of ketones and phenols),
3294:"Condensationsproducte aus Ketonen und Phenolen"
2777:
2775:
2503:
2267:"Chemical Fact Sheet – Cas #80057 CASRN 80-05-7"
1806:
1385:Bisphenol-A formaldehyde resins are a subset of
1259:. For epoxy resin, it is first converted to its
1222:About 65–70% of all bisphenol A is used to make
325:
16:Chemical compound used in plastics manufacturing
7653:5α-Dihydro-17α-ethynyltestosterone derivatives:
6119:
5778:
4758:
4372:
4342:Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology
4009:Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology
3611:Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research
3279:"О продуктахъ конденсацiи кетоновъ съ фенолами"
3084:
2184:
1999:
1246:
887:primarily used in the manufacturing of various
771:
110:
10464:Tooltip Selective estrogen receptor modulators
9819:Furostilbestrol (diethylstilbestrol difuroate)
9180:16β,17α-Epiestriol (16β-hydroxy-17α-estradiol)
7104:11β-Methyl-19-nortestosterone dodecylcarbonate
6438:
6290:
5224:
4546:Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry
4011:. Vol. 5 (5 ed.). Wiley. p. 8.
3924:Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry
3779:
3579:
3361:Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry
3326:Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry
2898:
2555:Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry
2553:Cadogan DF, Howick CJ (2000). "Plasticizers".
2369:Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry
11297:
9010:3-Methyl-19-methyleneandrosta-3,5-dien-17β-ol
8950:
7871:Tooltip Selective androgen receptor modulator
7516:17α-Alkylated 19-nortestosterone derivatives:
6665:
6146:
5739:
5737:
5735:
5733:
5540:Aschberger K, Castello P, Hoekstra E (2010).
5474:
5436:CLARITY-BPA Research Program (October 2021).
5181:
5017:
2772:
2636:
2634:
2632:
2552:
2049:which may be present in soils and sediments.
9120:10β,17β-Dihydroxyestra-1,4-dien-3-one (DHED)
7922:Enobosarm (ostarine, MK-2866, GTx-024, S-22)
5925:
5409:
5177:
5175:
4140:
4138:
4136:
4134:
3914:
3814:. The Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre
3393:
3391:
3389:
2909:
2399:
2397:
2108:- a metabolite of the synthetic insecticide
1070:(hence the suffix 'A' in the name) with two
1046:tens of thousands of times more weakly than
10995:Tooltip G protein-coupled estrogen receptor
9814:Fosfestrol (diethylstilbestrol diphosphate)
7673:17α-Ethynyl-19-nortestosterone derivatives:
6492:
5600:Legislative Services Branch (1 July 2020).
4507:
4472:
3681:
3634:
3632:
3582:Synthesis and Characterization of Oligomers
3495:
3446:
3316:
3283:Журнал Русского физико-химического общества
3037:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
3009:1871.1/0c9480c5-48ce-4955-8d53-39b8b246802f
1454:used in plastics. Bromination of BPA forms
946:, and several other materials. It is not a
11304:
11290:
9957:Triphenylmethylethylene (triphenylpropene)
9281:, many others; via estrogenic metabolites)
9205:17α-Epiestriol (16α-hydroxy-17α-estradiol)
8957:
8943:
7395:Methylclostebol (chloromethyltestosterone)
7290:5α-Dihydro-19-nortestosterone derivatives:
6672:
6658:
5730:
4715:
4006:
3765:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
3323:Pham HQ, Marks MJ (2012). "Epoxy Resins".
2872:Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
2629:
2499:
2497:
2495:
2493:
2491:
2198:Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data
1126:
404:
243:
201:
8977:
7616:17α-Vinyl-19-nortestosterone derivatives:
7232:Oxabolone cipionate (oxabolone cypionate)
6848:DHEA (androstenolone, prasterone; 5-DHEA)
6692:
6629:
6572:
6488:
6486:
6434:
6432:
6333:
6137:
6050:
5902:
5804:
5713:
5549:
5394:
5250:
5172:
5104:
5094:
5002:
4882:
4833:
4784:
4536:
4290:
4131:
3983:
3973:
3707:
3521:
3472:
3423:
3386:
3322:
3251:
3164:
3154:
3056:
3007:
2969:
2967:
2965:
2823:
2821:
2819:
2799:
2720:
2666:
2529:
2469:
2394:
2294:
2292:
2147:
914:BPA's largest single application is as a
361:
7323:Chlorodehydromethylandrostenediol (CDMA)
5977:
5975:
5973:
5826:
5824:
4510:Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology
4475:Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology
4187:
3629:
3186:
3184:
2455:
2453:
2451:
2449:
2447:
2445:
2443:
2052:
1878:
1770:lining of metal food, beverage cans and
1761:
1193:
1189:
11456:Tooltip Estrogen-related receptor gamma
11329:Tooltip Estrogen-related receptor alpha
8924:List of androgens and anabolic steroids
7310:17α-Alkylated testosterone derivatives:
6542:
6540:
6115:
6113:
6025:Vasiljevic T, Harner T (October 2021).
5412:"Risk Management for Bisphenol A (BPA)"
5340:European Food Safety Authority (2015).
5155:"bisphenol a - Search Results - PubMed"
4350:10.1002/0471238961.0118151323080920.a01
3351:
3080:
3078:
3076:
2488:
2361:
2359:
2357:
2355:
2338:
2336:
2334:
2332:
2330:
2122:2,2,4,4-Tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol
1994:
1849:has added BPA to the Candidate List of
1082:by a strong acid, such as concentrated
400:
221:
11581:Selective estrogen receptor modulators
11528:
11400:Tooltip Estrogen-related receptor beta
7328:Chlorodehydromethyltestosterone (CDMT)
7084:Testifenon (testiphenon, testiphenone)
6483:
6429:
6378:
6336:Environmental Science & Technology
6207:Environmental Science & Technology
5919:
5669:
5511:Food Standards Australia New Zealand (
4718:Environmental Science & Technology
4581:Environmental Science & Technology
3920:
3786:. Butterworth-Heinemann. p. 208.
3738:
3357:
3193:Environmental Science & Technology
2962:
2916:Environmental Science & Technology
2816:
2690:
2688:
2686:
2590:
2588:
2586:
2584:
2582:
2289:
2225:Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry
2061:. Despite its short half-life and non-
1963:Bisphenol A's interacts with the
1922:of the ER, so it can serve as both an
828:510 °C (950 °F; 783 K)
814:227 °C (441 °F; 500 K)
557:155 °C (311 °F; 428 K)
234:
11285:
8938:
7609:Norvinisterone (vinylnortestosterone)
7143:Bolmantalate (nandrolone adamantoate)
7138:Bolandione (19-nor-4-androstenedione)
6853:DHEA enanthate (prasterone enanthate)
6653:
5970:
5872:
5870:
5821:
5620:"EUR-Lex - 32011L0008 - EN - EUR-Lex"
4759:Rochester JR, Bolden AL (July 2015).
4440:. European Commission. 16 July 2008.
3832:
3682:Pahigian JM, Zuo Y (September 2018).
3397:
3181:
3024:
2781:
2440:
2045:, or reactions with minerals such as
1916:selective estrogen receptor modulator
1515:BPA is used as a developing agent in
1502:
1389:. They are used in the production of
1279:Some of this is further reacted with
432:Key: IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N
181:
161:
8879:Tooltip Sex hormone-binding globulin
7626:17α-Ethynyltestosterone derivatives:
6905:Polytestosterone phloretin phosphate
6537:
6110:
5984:Human and Ecological Risk Assessment
5785:Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology
5129:
4407:
4334:
3783:Purification of laboratory chemicals
3088:The Science of the Total Environment
3073:
2743:
2510:The Science of the Total Environment
2352:
2327:
2301:Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry
891:. It is a colourless solid which is
7549:Methylhydroxynandrolone (MOHN, MHN)
7254:Trenbolone hexahydrobenzylcarbonate
6914:5α-Dihydrotestosterone derivatives:
6782:Androstenedione (4-androstenedione)
5779:Prossnitz ER, Barton M (May 2014).
5576:"Indirect Food Additives: Polymers"
4247:
3921:Serini V (2000). "Polycarbonates".
3870:The Journal of Physical Chemistry B
3358:Serini V (2000). "Polycarbonates".
2910:Xue J, Liu W, Kannan K (May 2017).
2683:
2600:. World Health Organization. 2011.
2579:
2504:Vasiljevic T, Harner T (May 2021).
2150:Journal of Chemical Crystallography
1488:bisphenol-A bis(diphenyl phosphate)
442:Key: IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYAI
316:
300:
13:
7606:17α-Vinyltestosterone derivatives:
7368:Methandriol (methylandrostenediol)
5867:
5410:OCSPP US EPA (21 September 2015).
5344:. European Food Safety Authority.
4991:Journal of Environmental Chemistry
4375:Journal of Applied Polymer Science
4328:10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2007.07.002
2464:. Publications Office. p. 6.
1557:
767:
14:
11597:
10356:taleranol (teranol, β-zearalanol)
9271:metandienone (methandrostenolone)
7646:Ethisterone (ethynyltestosterone)
7363:Metandienone (methandrostenolone)
7193:Methoxydienone (methoxygonadiene)
6804:Boldione (1,4-androstadienedione)
6755:Androstenediol (5-androstenediol)
6720:4-Dehydroepiandrosterone (4-DHEA)
4814:Environmental Health Perspectives
4765:Environmental Health Perspectives
4035:European Journal of Oral Sciences
3808:"2,2-bis(4-Hydroxyphenyl)propane"
3709:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.05.117
3661:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2003.11.063
3559:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2007.04.047
3404:American Journal of Public Health
3000:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.05.070
2701:Environmental Health Perspectives
2124:- next generation BPA replacement
1211:
1000:reported the coupling of BPA and
11536:2,2-Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanes
11492:4-Hydroxytamoxifen (afimoxifene)
11431:4-Hydroxytamoxifen (afimoxifene)
11266:Progesterone receptor modulators
11020:Afimoxifene (4-hydroxytamoxifen)
9902:Prinaberel (ERB-041, WAY-202041)
8919:Progesterone receptor modulators
7410:Methyltestosterone 3-hexyl ether
7373:Methandriol bisenanthoyl acetate
7333:Chloromethylandrostenediol (CMA)
7168:Dimethandrolone dodecylcarbonate
6927:1-Androsterone (1-andro, 1-DHEA)
6589:
6441:Science of the Total Environment
6327:
6284:
6241:
6198:
6067:
6031:Science of the Total Environment
5075:Science of the Total Environment
4458:
4047:10.1111/j.1600-0722.2009.00636.x
3253:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.11.005
1956:expression and interfering with
1724:
1697:
1670:
1643:
1616:
1450:BPA is used to form a number of
1419:, which are extensively used as
1271:
1238:
842:
648:
643:
638:
633:
495:
36:
27:
10963:Coregulator-binding modulators:
9230:17β-Methyl-17α-dihydroequilenin
7091:19-Nortestosterone derivatives:
6461:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154533
6052:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148013
6018:
5689:
5663:
5633:
5612:
5593:
5568:
5533:
5499:
5475:Health Canada (16 April 2013).
5468:
5429:
5403:
5366:
5333:
5303:
5267:
5218:
5147:
5096:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146905
5062:
5011:
4978:
4942:
4899:
4850:
4801:
4752:
4709:
4651:
4623:
4571:
4501:
4466:
4426:
4412:. Leiden: VSP. pp. 11–14.
4401:
4366:
4307:
4266:
4241:
4206:
4181:
4096:
4061:
4025:
4000:
3949:
3888:
3861:
3826:
3800:
3780:Perrin DD, Armarego WL (1988).
3773:
3732:
3675:
3602:
3580:Uglea CV, Negulescu II (1991).
3573:
3530:
3440:
3268:
3227:
3130:
3108:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.01.144
2863:
2737:
2546:
2531:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148013
2406:Reviews on Environmental Health
2059:contaminant of emerging concern
1889:structure–activity relationship
1874:
1851:substances of very high concern
1752:
1230:is achieved by a reaction with
1031:, General Electric, and Bayer.
838:(at 25 °C , 100 kPa).
83:2,2-Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane
55:4,4′-(Propane-2,2-diyl)diphenol
9794:Erteberel (SERBA-1, LY-500307)
8106:15β-Hydroxycyproterone acetate
7997:OPK-88004 (LY-2452473, TT-701)
6387:Journal of Hazardous Materials
5225:vom Saal FS, Hughes C (2005).
4928:10.1016/j.reprotox.2007.07.010
4279:Designed Monomers and Polymers
4250:Handbook of thermoset plastics
3835:Journal of Molecular Structure
3049:10.1002/14651858.CD001830.pub5
2647:Critical Reviews in Toxicology
2273:. 1 April 2012. Archived from
2259:
2216:
2141:
1034:The British biochemist Edward
501:
489:
1:
11514:Receptor/signaling modulators
11251:Receptor/signaling modulators
9215:17α-Ethynyl-3β-androstanediol
9210:17α-Ethynyl-3α-androstanediol
8904:Receptor/signaling modulators
7661:17α-Ethynyl-3β-androstanediol
7656:17α-Ethynyl-3α-androstanediol
7099:11β-Methyl-19-nortestosterone
6407:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121488
6313:10.1080/10643389.2015.1061881
6096:10.1016/S0045-6535(99)00466-X
5853:10.1016/S0045-6535(97)10133-3
5647:. European Chemicals Agency (
4082:10.1016/S0142-9612(01)00308-8
3896:"4,4'-isopropylidenediphenol"
3335:10.1002/14356007.a09_547.pub2
2134:
1827:endocrine-disrupting chemical
1813:Health effects of Bisphenol A
1807:Health effects and regulation
1378:can be produced from BPA and
1310:
1142:
1057:
934:, and as a minor additive in
468:CC(C)(c1ccc(cc1)O)c2ccc(cc2)O
463:Oc1ccc(cc1)C(c2ccc(O)cc2)(C)C
11541:Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)methanes
11261:Androgen receptor modulators
9565:Lynestrenol phenylpropionate
8914:Estrogen receptor modulators
8361:Trimethyltrienolone (R-2956)
7733:Lynestrenol phenylpropionate
7121:19-Nordehydroepiandrosterone
5381:(1): 3978. 21 January 2015.
5277:Food and Chemical Toxicology
4964:10.1016/j.dental.2011.05.001
4292:10.1080/15685551.2013.797216
3855:10.1016/0022-2860(95)09168-8
2837:Food and Chemical Toxicology
2659:10.3109/10408444.2011.558487
2000:Distribution and degradation
1291:and then converted to its di
1247:Epoxy and vinyl ester resins
1206:
1038:tested BPA as an artificial
7:
11256:Estrogens and antiestrogens
10906:Oxabicycloheptene sulfonate
10593:Etacstil (GW-5638, DPC-974)
9769:Doisynoestrol (fenocycline)
9513:Ethinylestradiol 3-benzoate
9025:3β,5α-Dihydrolevonorgestrel
9020:3α,5α-Dihydrolevonorgestrel
8909:Androgens and antiandrogens
8680:Ralaniten acetate (EPI-506)
8096:7α-Thiomethylspironolactone
7811:Medroxyprogesterone acetate
7173:Dimethandrolone undecanoate
6984:Dihydromethylandrostenediol
6775:Androstenediol dipropionate
6139:10.1016/j.emcon.2018.06.001
5196:10.1016/j.yhbeh.2017.11.001
4316:Progress in Polymer Science
4167:10.1016/j.ijheh.2011.04.005
3496:Dodds EC, Lawson W (1938).
3447:Dodds EC, Lawson W (1936).
2082:
1965:estrogen-related receptor γ
1950:17α-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase
1757:
1478:. The reaction of BPA with
1476:brominated flame retardants
1380:bis(4-chlorophenyl) sulfone
1326:
10:
11602:
11571:Nonsteroidal antiandrogens
10973:Noncompetitive inhibitors:
10598:Ethamoxytriphetol (MER-25)
9759:Dimestrol (dianisylhexene)
9518:Ethinylestradiol sulfonate
6999:Dihydrotestosterone esters
6952:11-Ketodihydrotestosterone
6765:Androstenediol 17β-acetate
6745:11β-Hydroxyandrostenedione
6730:4,17α-Dimethyltestosterone
6156:Water Environment Research
5948:10.1007/s00244-018-00594-6
4344:. Wiley. 26 January 2001.
4235:10.1002/pol.1985.170230616
3398:Vogel SA (November 2009).
3304:, part 3 : 334-337.
2094:4,4'-Dihydroxybenzophenone
1810:
1561:
1387:phenol formaldehyde resins
1215:
1178:between the phenol rings.
981:
11505:
11449:
11393:
11340:6,3′,4′-Trihydroxyflavone
11322:
11313:Estrogen-related receptor
11243:
11218:
11182:
11015:7β-Hydroxyepiandrosterone
11002:
10988:
10801:
10573:Desmethylchlorotrianisene
10454:
9752:Diethylstilbestrol esters
9705:Bisdehydrodoisynolic acid
9125:11β-Chloromethylestradiol
9100:7β-Hydroxyepiandrosterone
8989:
8982:Tooltip Estrogen receptor
8975:
8896:
8786:
8777:
8075:
7864:
7803:Progesterone derivatives:
7594:5α-Dihydronorethandrolone
7163:Dimethandrolone buciclate
6993:androstanolone, stanolone
6989:Dihydrotestosterone (DHT)
6947:7β-Hydroxyepiandrosterone
6836:Cloxotestosterone acetate
6760:Androstenediol 3β-acetate
6712:Testosterone derivatives:
6704:
6697:Tooltip Androgen receptor
6690:
6270:10.1016/j.tox.2005.10.001
6004:10.1080/1080-700291905846
5797:10.1016/j.mce.2014.02.002
5676:Environmental Health News
5670:Fisher D (12 July 2019).
5289:10.1016/j.fct.2013.07.007
5040:10.1080/15287390490514615
4687:10.1007/s11356-018-2272-z
3975:10.3390/molecules22010149
2849:10.1016/j.fct.2012.07.059
2782:Blair RM (1 March 2000).
2313:10.1134/S1070427209090225
2170:10.1007/s10870-007-9207-8
1847:European Chemicals Agency
1608:
1317:high-performance plastics
968:World Health Organization
932:high-performance plastics
832:
614:
609:
476:
451:
416:
94:
86:2,2-Di(4-phenylol)propane
61:
49:
44:
35:
26:
11079:Fulvestrant (ICI-182780)
10896:Methylpiperidinopyrazole
10849:Fulvestrant (ICI-182780)
10332:Resorcylic acid lactones
9555:Hydroxyestrone diacetate
9491:Etamestrol (eptamestrol)
8609:-Butylbenzenesulfonamide
7796:5α-Dihydronorethisterone
7791:5α-Dihydrolevonorgestrel
7753:norethisterone enanthate
7722:levonorgestrel butanoate
7599:5α-Dihydronormethandrone
7452:Mebolazine (dimethazine)
7442:Desoxymethyltestosterone
7383:Methandriol dipropionate
7180:LS-1727 (nandrolone 17β-
7116:19-Nor-5-androstenedione
6974:Dihydroethyltestosterone
6770:Androstenediol diacetate
5895:10.1177/1559325815598308
5387:10.2903/j.efsa.2015.3978
5231:Environ. Health Perspect
4555:10.1002/14356007.a04_405
3933:10.1002/14356007.a21_207
3416:10.2105/AJPH.2008.159228
3370:10.1002/14356007.a21_207
3310:10.1002/cber.18920250333
2563:10.1002/14356007.a20_439
2378:10.1002/14356007.a19_313
2057:BPA is an environmental
1435:, such as organosols or
1267:under basic conditions.
1159:. It may be purified by
703:Precautionary statements
80:-Isopropylidenebisphenol
10390:Synthetic xenoestrogens
9947:Triphenylchloroethylene
9882:Methestrol dipropionate
9410:Polyestradiol phosphate
8740:Topilutamide (fluridil)
8101:11α-Hydroxyprogesterone
7111:19-Nor-5-androstenediol
7011:Drostanolone propionate
6356:10.1021/acs.est.6b00877
6176:10.2175/106143005x41573
5889:(3): 1559325815598308.
5746:Journal of Biochemistry
5606:laws-lois.justice.gc.ca
4908:Reproductive Toxicology
4601:10.1021/acs.est.9b02472
4549:. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH.
3927:. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH.
3364:. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH.
3329:. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH.
3240:Fertility and Sterility
3213:10.1021/acs.est.5b05387
2936:10.1021/acs.est.7b00701
2801:10.1093/toxsci/54.1.138
2418:10.1515/reveh-2019-0034
2372:. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH.
1732:Tetramethyl bisphenol F
1391:high-pressure laminates
1182:data is available from
895:in most common organic
10483:4'-Hydroxynorendoxifen
10478:2-Phenylbenzothiophene
10352:zeranol (α-zearalanol)
10055:phlorizin (phloridzin)
9942:Triphenylbromoethylene
9841:ICI-85966 (Stilbostat)
9422:Estramustine phosphate
9295:Bolandiol dipropionate
8625:-Desmethylenzalutamide
8331:SC-5233 (spirolactone)
7749:norethisterone acetate
7388:Methandriol propionate
7259:Trenbolone undecanoate
7131:Bolandiol dipropionate
6979:Dihydrofluoxymesterone
6942:5α-Androst-2-en-17-one
6797:Boldenone undecylenate
6614:10.1098/rspb.2021.2077
6565:10.1098/rstb.2008.0242
5487:. Government of Canada
4007:Kroschwitz JI (1998).
3523:10.1098/rspb.1938.0023
3410:(Suppl 3): S559–S566.
2788:Toxicological Sciences
1948:, including affecting
1892:
1856:BPA exhibits very low
1775:
1494:such as polycarbonate/
1480:phosphorus oxychloride
1468:printed circuit boards
1351:printed circuit boards
1203:
778:
11561:Medical controversies
10663:Miproxifene phosphate
10488:27-Hydroxycholesterol
9952:Triphenyliodoethylene
9496:Ethinylandrostenediol
9459:Estrogenic substances
9447:Polyestriol phosphate
9315:Cloxestradiol acetate
8617:-Desmethylapalutamide
8146:Chlormadinone acetate
8091:7α-Thiospironolactone
7962:LGD-2941 (LGD-122941)
7952:LG121071 (LGD-121071)
7826:3-Keto-5α-abiraterone
7806:6α-Methylprogesterone
7745:Norethisterone esters
7718:Levonorgestrel esters
7634:Ethinylandrostenediol
7484:Methyl-1-testosterone
7404:+esterified estrogens
7378:Methandriol diacetate
7043:Mesterolone cipionate
6725:4-Hydroxytestosterone
6495:Global Change Biology
6126:Emerging Contaminants
5184:Hormones and Behavior
4633:Polymer International
2053:Environmental effects
1973:dissociation constant
1882:
1765:
1526:corrugated fiberboard
1456:tetrabromobisphenol A
1197:
1190:Uses and applications
1100:polystyrene sulfonate
918:in the production of
901:condensation reaction
777:
579:0.3 g/L (25 °C)
11551:Endocrine disruptors
9977:WAY-204688 (SIM-688)
9789:ERB-196 (WAY-202196)
9740:Dienestrol diacetate
9479:Estrone methyl ether
9385:Esterified estrogens
9327:Conjugated estrogens
9220:17β-Dihydroequilenin
9195:17α-Dihydroequilenin
9135:15α-Hydroxyestradiol
9130:11β-Methoxyestradiol
9105:8,9-Dehydroestradiol
8306:Potassium canrenoate
7774:Quingestanol acetate
7584:Tetrahydrogestrinone
7472:Metenolone enanthate
7298:5α-Dihydrotrestolone
7293:5α-Dihydronandrolone
7281:Trestolone enanthate
7249:Trenbolone enanthate
7215:Norclostebol acetate
6824:Clostebol propionate
5715:10.1210/en.2003-1174
5311:"Bisphenol A - ECHA"
5026:(23–24): 1971–1985.
2088:Structurally related
2026:wastewater treatment
1995:Environmental safety
1789:biological half-life
1787:studies showing the
1397:As a minor component
1332:As a major component
998:I.G. Farbenindustrie
996:In 1934, workers at
760:(fire diamond)
51:Preferred IUPAC name
11546:Commodity chemicals
11144:Propylpyrazoletriol
11059:Diarylpropionitrile
9907:Propylpyrazoletriol
9764:Dimethylstilbestrol
9730:Diarylpropionitrile
9540:Etynodiol diacetate
9240:Abiraterone acetate
9150:16α-Fluoroestradiol
8829:Dihydrotestosterone
8824:Dehydroandrosterone
8675:Ralaniten (EPI-002)
8556:Inocoterone acetate
8281:Nomegestrol acetate
8181:Delmadinone acetate
8171:Cyproterone acetate
8116:Abiraterone acetate
8086:7α-Thioprogesterone
7696:Etynodiol diacetate
6900:Testosterone esters
6843:Dehydroandrosterone
6740:11-Ketotestosterone
6507:2020GCBio..26.3821W
6453:2022ScTEn.82854533R
6399:2020JHzM..38421488X
6348:2016EnST...50.8403I
6305:2016CREST..46....1Z
6262:2006Toxgy.217...81K
6219:2009EnST...43.6145K
6168:2005WaEnR..77...12D
6088:2000Chmsp..41..751F
6043:2021ScTEn.78948013V
5996:2002HERA....8.1107C
5940:2019ArECT..76..246O
5845:1998Chmsp..36.2149S
5507:"Bisphenol A (BPA)"
5477:"Bisphenol A (BPA)"
5143:. 23 December 2021.
5087:2021ScTEn.78346905B
5032:2004JTEHA..67.1971S
4920:2007RepTx..24..139V
4863:Toxicology Research
4777:10.1289/ehp.1408989
4730:2011EnST...45.9372L
4679:2018ESPR...2521887L
4673:(22): 21887–21900.
4593:2019EnST...53.9564G
4227:1985JPoSA..23.1759T
4188:Hamerton I (1994).
4159:2011IJHEH.214..339G
4117:10.1002/jbm.b.30252
3876:(48): 13293–13299.
3847:1996JMoSt.380..223O
3700:2018Chmsp.207..469P
3653:2004Chmsp..55..927T
3551:2007Chmsp..69.1025K
3514:1938RSPSB.125..222D
3465:1936Natur.137..996D
3205:2016EnST...50.5438C
3100:2018ScTEn.626..971H
2992:2017Chmsp.182..691B
2950:on 29 December 2022
2928:2017EnST...51.5279X
2713:10.1289/ehp.0800173
2522:2021ScTEn.78948013V
2277:on 12 February 2012
2162:2007JCCry..37..587L
1598:Structural formula
1441:heat transfer vinyl
1345:. Examples include
574:Solubility in water
519: g·mol
23:
11576:Russian inventions
11497:Diethylstilbestrol
11477:GSK-4716 (GW-4716)
11441:Diethylstilbestrol
11416:GSK-4716 (GW-4716)
11380:Diethylstilbestrol
11226:Diethylstilbestrol
11010:2-Methoxyestradiol
10941:TAS-108 (SR-16234)
10891:Methylepitiostanol
10829:EM-800 (SCH-57050)
10753:TAS-108 (SR-16234)
10473:2-Phenylbenzofuran
10087:8-prenylnaringenin
9747:Diethylstilbestrol
9405:Lipoidal estradiol
9380:ERA-63 (ORG-37663)
9322:Conjugated estriol
9267:methyltestosterone
9225:17β-Dihydroequilin
9200:17α-Dihydroequilin
9175:16β-Hydroxyestrone
9160:16α-Hydroxyestrone
9110:8,9-Dehydroestrone
9095:7α-Methylestradiol
9070:4-Methoxyestradiol
9060:4-Hydroxyestradiol
9035:3β-Hydroxytibolone
9030:3α-Hydroxytibolone
9000:2-Hydroxyestradiol
7666:Dihydroethisterone
7529:Dimethyltrienolone
7489:Methylepitiostanol
7467:Metenolone acetate
7400:Methyltestosterone
7303:19-Norandrosterone
7276:Trestolone acetate
7244:Trenbolone acetate
7188:-nitrosocarbamate)
7077:Stenbolone acetate
6967:Bolazine capronate
6819:Clostebol caproate
5626:. European Union.
5446:10.22427/NTP-RR-18
5141:Cancer Research UK
4875:10.1039/c8tx00064f
3900:sdbs.db.aist.go.jp
3812:www.ccdc.cam.ac.uk
3739:Haynes WM (2017).
3277:А. Дианина (1891)
3156:10.3390/nu12020532
2128:4-tert-Butylphenol
2100:Dinitrobisphenol A
1977:4-hydroxytamoxifen
1904:estrogen receptors
1893:
1776:
1590:tritan copolyester
1584:, the F signifies
1503:Other applications
1321:commodity plastics
1257:vinyl ester resins
1204:
1090:, or a solid acid
1052:diethylstilbestrol
1044:estrogen receptors
928:vinyl ester resins
865:Infobox references
779:
537:Phenolic, medical
21:
11523:
11522:
11472:DY-131 (GSK-9089)
11411:DY-131 (GSK-9089)
11279:
11278:
11271:List of estrogens
11239:
11238:
10984:
10983:
10824:Cytestrol acetate
10047:isoliquiritigenin
9989:Unknown/unsorted:
9675:β-LGND2 (GTx-878)
9255:Anabolic steroids
9165:16α-Iodoestradiol
9055:4-Fluoroestradiol
9050:4-Androstenedione
9040:3β-Androstanediol
9015:3α-Androstanediol
8966:Estrogen receptor
8932:
8931:
8892:
8891:
8862:
8855:
8848:
8841:
8773:
8772:
8296:Osaterone acetate
8256:Megestrol acetate
8121:Allyltestosterone
7897:Acetothiolutamide
7816:Megestrol acetate
7619:Vinyltestosterone
7524:Dimethyldienolone
7343:Ethyltestosterone
7271:Trestolone (MENT)
7203:Nandrolone esters
7184:-(2-chloroethyl)-
7060:Nisterime acetate
6937:3α-Androstanediol
6922:1-Androstenedione
6831:Cloxotestosterone
6814:Clostebol acetate
6735:5-Androstenedione
6681:Androgen receptor
6559:(1526): 2047–62.
6515:10.1111/gcb.15127
6342:(16): 8403–8416.
6227:10.1021/es900598e
5839:(10): 2149–2173.
5758:10.1093/jb/mvm158
5004:10.5985/jec.14.57
4826:10.1289/ehp.10753
4738:10.1021/es202507f
4724:(21): 9372–9379.
4639:(11): 1404–1414.
4587:(16): 9564–9571.
4522:10.1002/vnl.10365
4487:10.1002/vnl.10076
4387:10.1002/app.49660
4359:978-0-471-48494-3
4322:(11): 1344–1391.
4259:978-1-4557-3107-7
4199:978-0-7514-0044-1
4018:978-0-471-52695-7
3882:10.1021/jp036527q
3623:10.1021/ie030429+
3595:978-0-8493-4954-6
3199:(11): 5438–5453.
2884:10.1021/jf201076f
2878:(13): 7178–7185.
2843:(10): 3725–3740.
2615:978-92-4-156427-4
2343:Sigma-Aldrich Co.
2210:10.1021/je050318c
1960:-ligand binding.
1939:androgen receptor
1897:hormone receptors
1750:
1749:
1637:Hexafluoroacetone
1547:ralaniten acetate
1301:dental composites
1161:recrystallisation
1104:Dianin's compound
1084:hydrochloric acid
885:chemical compound
873:Chemical compound
871:
870:
673:Hazard statements
385:CompTox Dashboard
143:Interactive image
136:Interactive image
70:Diphenylolpropane
22:Bisphenol A
11593:
11457:
11453:
11401:
11397:
11330:
11326:
11306:
11299:
11292:
11283:
11282:
11138:2,2',5'-PCB-4-OH
11074:Ethinylestradiol
11000:
10999:
10996:
10992:
10733:Rimostil (P-081)
10543:Chlorotrianisene
10465:
10461:
10240:Metalloestrogens
10019:-related (e.g.,
9834:Hexestrol esters
9508:Ethinylestradiol
9400:Estradiol esters
9155:16α-Hydroxy-DHEA
9140:16-Ketoestradiol
9080:5-Androstenediol
9075:4-Methoxyestrone
9065:4-Hydroxyestrone
9045:4-Androstenediol
9005:2-Hydroxyestrone
8987:
8986:
8983:
8979:
8959:
8952:
8945:
8936:
8935:
8880:
8876:
8860:
8853:
8846:
8839:
8784:
8783:
8566:Ketodarolutamide
8546:Hydroxyflutamide
8503:(via metabolite
7872:
7868:
7823:Others/unsorted:
7494:Methylstenbolone
7358:Hydroxystenozole
6917:1-Androstenediol
6715:4-Androstenediol
6702:
6701:
6698:
6694:
6674:
6667:
6660:
6651:
6650:
6644:
6643:
6633:
6593:
6587:
6586:
6576:
6544:
6535:
6534:
6501:(7): 3821–3833.
6490:
6481:
6480:
6436:
6427:
6426:
6382:
6376:
6375:
6331:
6325:
6324:
6288:
6282:
6281:
6245:
6239:
6238:
6202:
6196:
6195:
6150:
6144:
6143:
6141:
6117:
6108:
6107:
6071:
6065:
6064:
6054:
6022:
6016:
6015:
5990:(5): 1107–1135.
5979:
5968:
5967:
5923:
5917:
5916:
5906:
5874:
5865:
5864:
5828:
5819:
5818:
5808:
5776:
5770:
5769:
5741:
5728:
5727:
5717:
5693:
5687:
5686:
5684:
5682:
5667:
5661:
5660:
5658:
5656:
5637:
5631:
5630:
5616:
5610:
5609:
5597:
5591:
5583:
5580:Federal Register
5572:
5566:
5565:
5553:
5537:
5531:
5530:
5528:
5526:
5521:on 24 March 2022
5503:
5497:
5496:
5494:
5492:
5472:
5466:
5465:
5433:
5427:
5426:
5424:
5422:
5407:
5401:
5400:
5398:
5370:
5364:
5363:
5337:
5331:
5330:
5328:
5326:
5317:. Archived from
5307:
5301:
5300:
5271:
5265:
5264:
5254:
5243:10.1289/ehp.7713
5222:
5216:
5215:
5179:
5170:
5169:
5167:
5165:
5151:
5145:
5144:
5133:
5127:
5126:
5108:
5098:
5066:
5060:
5059:
5015:
5009:
5008:
5006:
4982:
4976:
4975:
4952:Dental Materials
4946:
4940:
4939:
4903:
4897:
4896:
4886:
4854:
4848:
4847:
4837:
4805:
4799:
4798:
4788:
4756:
4750:
4749:
4713:
4707:
4706:
4664:
4655:
4649:
4648:
4627:
4621:
4620:
4575:
4569:
4568:
4540:
4534:
4533:
4505:
4499:
4498:
4470:
4464:
4463:
4462:
4456:
4454:
4452:
4430:
4424:
4423:
4405:
4399:
4398:
4370:
4364:
4363:
4338:
4332:
4331:
4311:
4305:
4304:
4294:
4270:
4264:
4263:
4245:
4239:
4238:
4221:(6): 1759–1769.
4210:
4204:
4203:
4185:
4179:
4178:
4142:
4129:
4128:
4100:
4094:
4093:
4076:(8): 1819–1829.
4065:
4059:
4058:
4029:
4023:
4022:
4004:
3998:
3997:
3987:
3977:
3953:
3947:
3946:
3918:
3912:
3911:
3909:
3907:
3892:
3886:
3885:
3865:
3859:
3858:
3830:
3824:
3823:
3821:
3819:
3804:
3798:
3797:
3777:
3771:
3770:
3764:
3756:
3736:
3730:
3729:
3711:
3679:
3673:
3672:
3636:
3627:
3626:
3617:(5): 1169–1178.
3606:
3600:
3599:
3577:
3571:
3570:
3545:(7): 1025–1031.
3534:
3528:
3527:
3525:
3508:(839): 222–232.
3493:
3487:
3486:
3476:
3474:10.1038/137996a0
3444:
3438:
3437:
3427:
3395:
3384:
3383:
3355:
3349:
3348:
3320:
3314:
3272:
3266:
3265:
3255:
3231:
3225:
3224:
3188:
3179:
3178:
3168:
3158:
3134:
3128:
3127:
3082:
3071:
3070:
3060:
3028:
3022:
3021:
3011:
2971:
2960:
2959:
2957:
2955:
2946:. Archived from
2922:(9): 5279–5286.
2907:
2896:
2895:
2867:
2861:
2860:
2834:
2825:
2814:
2813:
2803:
2779:
2770:
2769:
2741:
2735:
2734:
2724:
2692:
2681:
2680:
2670:
2638:
2627:
2626:
2624:
2622:
2592:
2577:
2576:
2550:
2544:
2543:
2533:
2501:
2486:
2485:
2473:
2457:
2438:
2437:
2401:
2392:
2391:
2363:
2350:
2340:
2325:
2324:
2307:(9): 1630–1635.
2296:
2287:
2286:
2284:
2282:
2263:
2257:
2256:
2237:10.1897/08-203.1
2220:
2214:
2213:
2193:
2182:
2181:
2145:
1728:
1701:
1674:
1647:
1620:
1595:
1594:
1452:flame retardants
1425:heat stabilizers
1370:Polybenzoxazines
1343:cyanogen bromide
1281:methacrylic acid
1275:
1261:diglycidyl ether
1242:
1130:
1018:General Electric
991:Aleksandr Dianin
855:
849:
846:
845:
799:
792:
785:
770:
750:
746:
742:
738:
734:
730:
726:
722:
718:
714:
710:
696:
692:
688:
684:
680:
652:
647:
642:
637:
604:
518:
503:
497:
491:
484:Chemical formula
409:
408:
393:
391:
365:
329:
318:
304:
284:
255:
247:
236:
225:
205:
185:
165:
145:
138:
114:
40:
31:
24:
20:
11601:
11600:
11596:
11595:
11594:
11592:
11591:
11590:
11526:
11525:
11524:
11519:
11501:
11455:
11445:
11399:
11389:
11328:
11318:
11310:
11280:
11275:
11235:
11214:
11178:
10994:
10980:
10814:7β-Hydroxy-DHEA
10797:
10633:Levormeloxifene
10463:
10456:
10450:
10366:deoxymiroestrol
10234:-hinokiresinol)
9872:Methallenestril
9774:Doisynolic acid
9575:Methylestradiol
9090:7α-Hydroxy-DHEA
8981:
8971:
8963:
8933:
8928:
8888:
8878:
8769:
8491:Cyanonilutamide
8420:Bavdegalutamide
8231:Epitestosterone
8071:
7902:Acetoxolutamide
7870:
7860:
7569:Norethandrolone
7544:Methyldienolone
7348:Fluoxymesterone
7158:Dimethandrolone
7018:Epiandrosterone
6696:
6686:
6678:
6648:
6647:
6594:
6590:
6545:
6538:
6491:
6484:
6437:
6430:
6383:
6379:
6332:
6328:
6289:
6285:
6246:
6242:
6213:(16): 6145–50.
6203:
6199:
6151:
6147:
6118:
6111:
6072:
6068:
6023:
6019:
5980:
5971:
5924:
5920:
5875:
5868:
5829:
5822:
5777:
5773:
5742:
5731:
5694:
5690:
5680:
5678:
5668:
5664:
5654:
5652:
5639:
5638:
5634:
5618:
5617:
5613:
5598:
5594:
5574:
5573:
5569:
5562:
5538:
5534:
5524:
5522:
5505:
5504:
5500:
5490:
5488:
5481:www.canada.ca (
5473:
5469:
5434:
5430:
5420:
5418:
5408:
5404:
5372:
5371:
5367:
5360:
5338:
5334:
5324:
5322:
5309:
5308:
5304:
5272:
5268:
5223:
5219:
5180:
5173:
5163:
5161:
5153:
5152:
5148:
5135:
5134:
5130:
5067:
5063:
5016:
5012:
4983:
4979:
4947:
4943:
4904:
4900:
4855:
4851:
4806:
4802:
4757:
4753:
4714:
4710:
4662:
4656:
4652:
4645:10.1002/pi.2290
4628:
4624:
4576:
4572:
4565:
4541:
4537:
4506:
4502:
4471:
4467:
4457:
4450:
4448:
4432:
4431:
4427:
4420:
4408:Król P (2008).
4406:
4402:
4371:
4367:
4360:
4340:
4339:
4335:
4312:
4308:
4271:
4267:
4260:
4246:
4242:
4211:
4207:
4200:
4186:
4182:
4143:
4132:
4101:
4097:
4066:
4062:
4030:
4026:
4019:
4005:
4001:
3954:
3950:
3943:
3919:
3915:
3905:
3903:
3894:
3893:
3889:
3866:
3862:
3831:
3827:
3817:
3815:
3806:
3805:
3801:
3794:
3778:
3774:
3758:
3757:
3753:
3737:
3733:
3680:
3676:
3637:
3630:
3607:
3603:
3596:
3588:. p. 103.
3578:
3574:
3535:
3531:
3494:
3490:
3445:
3441:
3396:
3387:
3380:
3356:
3352:
3345:
3321:
3317:
3273:
3269:
3232:
3228:
3189:
3182:
3135:
3131:
3083:
3074:
3043:(7): CD001830.
3029:
3025:
2972:
2963:
2953:
2951:
2908:
2899:
2868:
2864:
2832:
2826:
2817:
2780:
2773:
2742:
2738:
2693:
2684:
2639:
2630:
2620:
2618:
2616:
2594:
2593:
2580:
2573:
2551:
2547:
2502:
2489:
2482:
2458:
2441:
2402:
2395:
2388:
2364:
2353:
2341:
2328:
2297:
2290:
2280:
2278:
2265:
2264:
2260:
2221:
2217:
2194:
2185:
2146:
2142:
2137:
2085:
2068:model organisms
2063:bioaccumulating
2055:
2043:photo-oxidation
2007:Paper recycling
2002:
1997:
1969:orphan receptor
1946:steroidogenesis
1920:partial agonist
1877:
1865:
1815:
1809:
1793:glucuronidation
1772:plastic bottles
1760:
1755:
1691:Sulfur trioxide
1566:
1560:
1558:BPA substitutes
1505:
1445:screen printing
1357:Polyetherimides
1329:
1313:
1265:epichlorohydrin
1249:
1220:
1214:
1209:
1192:
1173:
1145:
1120:green chemistry
1060:
1002:epichlorohydrin
984:
874:
867:
862:
861:
860: ?)
851:
847:
843:
839:
825:
822:
804:
803:
802:
801:
794:
787:
780:
776:
768:
705:
675:
661:
630:
602:
576:
516:
506:
500:
494:
486:
472:
469:
464:
459:
458:
447:
444:
443:
440:
434:
433:
430:
424:
423:
412:
394:
387:
368:
348:
332:
319:
307:
287:
274:
265:
228:
208:
188:
168:
148:
128:
117:
104:
90:
89:
57:
56:
17:
12:
11:
5:
11599:
11589:
11588:
11583:
11578:
11573:
11568:
11563:
11558:
11553:
11548:
11543:
11538:
11521:
11520:
11518:
11517:
11510:
11506:
11503:
11502:
11500:
11499:
11494:
11485:
11484:
11479:
11474:
11469:
11460:
11458:
11447:
11446:
11444:
11443:
11438:
11433:
11424:
11423:
11418:
11413:
11404:
11402:
11391:
11390:
11388:
11387:
11382:
11373:
11372:
11367:
11362:
11357:
11352:
11347:
11342:
11333:
11331:
11320:
11319:
11309:
11308:
11301:
11294:
11286:
11277:
11276:
11274:
11273:
11268:
11263:
11258:
11253:
11248:
11244:
11241:
11240:
11237:
11236:
11234:
11233:
11228:
11222:
11220:
11216:
11215:
11213:
11212:
11207:
11202:
11197:
11192:
11186:
11184:
11180:
11179:
11177:
11176:
11171:
11166:
11161:
11156:
11151:
11146:
11141:
11131:
11126:
11121:
11116:
11111:
11106:
11104:Hydroxytyrosol
11101:
11096:
11091:
11086:
11081:
11076:
11071:
11066:
11061:
11056:
11042:
11037:
11032:
11027:
11022:
11017:
11012:
11006:
11004:
10997:
10986:
10985:
10982:
10981:
10979:
10978:
10969:
10968:
10959:
10958:
10953:
10948:
10943:
10938:
10933:
10928:
10923:
10918:
10913:
10908:
10903:
10898:
10893:
10888:
10883:
10878:
10873:
10851:
10846:
10841:
10836:
10831:
10826:
10821:
10819:Chloroindazole
10816:
10811:
10805:
10803:
10799:
10798:
10796:
10795:
10790:
10785:
10780:
10775:
10770:
10765:
10760:
10755:
10750:
10745:
10740:
10738:Spironolactone
10735:
10730:
10725:
10720:
10715:
10710:
10705:
10700:
10695:
10690:
10685:
10680:
10675:
10670:
10665:
10660:
10655:
10650:
10645:
10640:
10635:
10630:
10625:
10620:
10615:
10610:
10605:
10600:
10595:
10590:
10585:
10580:
10575:
10570:
10565:
10560:
10555:
10550:
10545:
10540:
10535:
10530:
10525:
10520:
10515:
10510:
10505:
10500:
10495:
10490:
10485:
10480:
10475:
10469:
10467:
10452:
10451:
10449:
10448:
10439:Others (e.g.,
10437:
10387:
10373:
10359:
10329:
10311:
10289:
10247:
10237:
10215:
10210:
10167:liquiritigenin
10076:
10062:
10040:
10014:Xenoestrogens:
10010:
10009:
10004:
9999:
9994:
9985:
9984:
9979:
9974:
9969:
9964:
9959:
9954:
9949:
9944:
9939:
9934:
9929:
9924:
9919:
9914:
9909:
9904:
9899:
9894:
9889:
9887:Paroxypropione
9884:
9879:
9874:
9869:
9864:
9856:
9848:
9843:
9838:
9837:
9836:
9826:
9821:
9816:
9811:
9806:
9801:
9799:Estrobin (DBE)
9796:
9791:
9786:
9781:
9776:
9771:
9766:
9761:
9756:
9755:
9754:
9744:
9743:
9742:
9732:
9727:
9722:
9717:
9712:
9707:
9702:
9697:
9692:
9690:Allenolic acid
9687:
9682:
9677:
9672:
9667:
9662:
9657:
9648:
9647:
9642:
9637:
9632:
9627:
9622:
9617:
9612:
9607:
9602:
9597:
9595:Norethisterone
9592:
9587:
9585:Mytatrienediol
9582:
9577:
9572:
9567:
9562:
9557:
9552:
9547:
9542:
9537:
9532:
9530:Ethylestradiol
9527:
9525:Ethinylestriol
9522:
9521:
9520:
9515:
9505:
9504:
9503:
9493:
9488:
9487:
9486:
9481:
9476:
9474:Estrone esters
9466:
9461:
9456:
9451:
9450:
9449:
9444:
9442:Estriol esters
9434:
9429:
9427:Estrapronicate
9424:
9419:
9414:
9413:
9412:
9407:
9402:
9392:
9387:
9382:
9377:
9372:
9367:
9362:
9357:
9349:
9344:
9339:
9334:
9329:
9324:
9319:
9318:
9317:
9307:
9302:
9297:
9292:
9287:
9282:
9252:
9247:
9245:Alestramustine
9242:
9237:
9232:
9227:
9222:
9217:
9212:
9207:
9202:
9197:
9192:
9182:
9177:
9172:
9167:
9162:
9157:
9152:
9147:
9145:16-Ketoestrone
9142:
9137:
9132:
9127:
9122:
9117:
9112:
9107:
9102:
9097:
9092:
9087:
9082:
9077:
9072:
9067:
9062:
9057:
9052:
9047:
9042:
9037:
9032:
9027:
9022:
9017:
9012:
9007:
9002:
8993:
8991:
8984:
8973:
8972:
8962:
8961:
8954:
8947:
8939:
8930:
8929:
8927:
8926:
8921:
8916:
8911:
8906:
8901:
8897:
8894:
8893:
8890:
8889:
8887:
8886:
8881:
8871:
8866:
8842:-α-Amino acids
8836:
8831:
8826:
8821:
8790:
8788:
8781:
8775:
8774:
8771:
8770:
8768:
8767:
8762:
8757:
8752:
8747:
8742:
8737:
8732:
8727:
8722:
8717:
8712:
8707:
8702:
8697:
8692:
8687:
8682:
8677:
8672:
8667:
8662:
8657:
8652:
8647:
8642:
8637:
8632:
8627:
8619:
8611:
8603:
8598:
8593:
8588:
8583:
8578:
8573:
8568:
8563:
8558:
8553:
8548:
8543:
8538:
8533:
8528:
8523:
8518:
8513:
8508:
8498:
8493:
8488:
8483:
8478:
8473:
8468:
8463:
8458:
8432:
8427:
8422:
8417:
8412:
8407:
8402:
8397:
8392:
8387:
8382:
8369:
8368:
8363:
8358:
8353:
8348:
8343:
8338:
8336:Spironolactone
8333:
8328:
8323:
8318:
8313:
8308:
8303:
8298:
8293:
8288:
8283:
8278:
8273:
8268:
8263:
8258:
8253:
8248:
8243:
8238:
8233:
8228:
8223:
8218:
8213:
8208:
8203:
8198:
8193:
8188:
8183:
8178:
8173:
8168:
8163:
8161:Cyproheptadine
8158:
8153:
8148:
8143:
8138:
8136:Canrenoic acid
8133:
8128:
8123:
8118:
8113:
8108:
8103:
8098:
8093:
8088:
8079:
8077:
8073:
8072:
8070:
8069:
8064:
8059:
8054:
8045:
8044:
8039:
8034:
8029:
8024:
8019:
8014:
8009:
8004:
7999:
7994:
7989:
7984:
7979:
7974:
7969:
7964:
7959:
7954:
7949:
7944:
7939:
7934:
7929:
7924:
7919:
7914:
7909:
7904:
7899:
7894:
7889:
7884:
7875:
7873:
7862:
7861:
7859:
7858:
7853:
7848:
7843:
7838:
7833:
7828:
7819:
7818:
7813:
7808:
7799:
7798:
7793:
7784:
7783:
7778:
7777:
7776:
7766:
7764:Norgestrienone
7761:
7756:
7742:
7740:Norethisterone
7737:
7736:
7735:
7725:
7715:
7713:Levonorgestrel
7710:
7705:
7700:
7699:
7698:
7688:
7683:
7678:
7669:
7668:
7663:
7658:
7649:
7648:
7643:
7642:
7641:
7631:
7622:
7621:
7612:
7611:
7602:
7601:
7596:
7587:
7586:
7581:
7576:
7571:
7566:
7561:
7556:
7551:
7546:
7541:
7536:
7534:Ethyldienolone
7531:
7526:
7521:
7512:
7511:
7506:
7501:
7496:
7491:
7486:
7481:
7476:
7475:
7474:
7469:
7459:
7454:
7449:
7444:
7439:
7437:Androisoxazole
7430:
7429:
7424:
7419:
7414:
7413:
7412:
7397:
7392:
7391:
7390:
7385:
7380:
7375:
7365:
7360:
7355:
7350:
7345:
7340:
7335:
7330:
7325:
7320:
7315:
7306:
7305:
7300:
7295:
7286:
7285:
7284:
7283:
7278:
7268:
7263:
7262:
7261:
7256:
7251:
7246:
7236:
7235:
7234:
7224:
7219:
7218:
7217:
7207:
7206:
7205:
7195:
7190:
7177:
7176:
7175:
7170:
7165:
7155:
7150:
7145:
7140:
7135:
7134:
7133:
7123:
7118:
7113:
7108:
7107:
7106:
7096:
7087:
7086:
7081:
7080:
7079:
7069:
7064:
7063:
7062:
7052:
7050:Methyldiazinol
7047:
7046:
7045:
7035:
7030:
7025:
7020:
7015:
7014:
7013:
7003:
7002:
7001:
6986:
6981:
6976:
6971:
6970:
6969:
6959:
6954:
6949:
6944:
6939:
6934:
6932:1-Testosterone
6929:
6924:
6919:
6910:
6909:
6908:
6907:
6902:
6887:
6882:
6877:
6872:
6867:
6862:
6861:
6860:
6855:
6845:
6840:
6839:
6838:
6828:
6827:
6826:
6821:
6816:
6806:
6801:
6800:
6799:
6789:
6784:
6779:
6778:
6777:
6772:
6767:
6762:
6752:
6747:
6742:
6737:
6732:
6727:
6722:
6717:
6708:
6706:
6699:
6688:
6687:
6677:
6676:
6669:
6662:
6654:
6646:
6645:
6588:
6536:
6482:
6428:
6377:
6326:
6283:
6256:(2–3): 81–90.
6240:
6197:
6145:
6109:
6082:(5): 751–756.
6066:
6017:
5969:
5934:(2): 246–254.
5918:
5866:
5820:
5791:(1–2): 71–83.
5771:
5752:(4): 517–524.
5729:
5708:(2): 592–603.
5688:
5662:
5645:echa.europa.eu
5632:
5611:
5592:
5567:
5560:
5532:
5498:
5467:
5440:. p. 18.
5428:
5402:
5365:
5358:
5350:10.2805/075460
5332:
5321:on 8 June 2022
5315:echa.europa.eu
5302:
5266:
5217:
5171:
5146:
5128:
5106:10400.21/13242
5061:
5010:
4977:
4958:(8): 723–747.
4941:
4914:(2): 139–177.
4898:
4869:(3): 371–380.
4849:
4800:
4771:(7): 643–650.
4751:
4708:
4650:
4622:
4570:
4564:978-3527306732
4563:
4535:
4516:(3): 214–221.
4500:
4481:(3): 146–154.
4465:
4425:
4418:
4400:
4365:
4358:
4333:
4306:
4265:
4258:
4240:
4205:
4198:
4180:
4153:(5): 339–347.
4130:
4111:(1): 617–626.
4095:
4060:
4041:(4): 442–446.
4024:
4017:
3999:
3948:
3942:978-3527306732
3941:
3913:
3887:
3860:
3841:(3): 223–233.
3825:
3799:
3792:
3772:
3751:
3731:
3674:
3647:(6): 927–931.
3628:
3601:
3594:
3572:
3529:
3488:
3439:
3385:
3379:978-3527306732
3378:
3350:
3344:978-3527306732
3343:
3315:
3313:
3312:
3290:
3267:
3226:
3180:
3129:
3072:
3023:
2961:
2897:
2862:
2815:
2794:(1): 138–153.
2771:
2758:10.1086/676809
2736:
2707:(3): 309–315.
2682:
2653:(4): 263–291.
2628:
2614:
2578:
2571:
2545:
2487:
2480:
2439:
2412:(2): 201–210.
2393:
2387:978-3527306732
2386:
2351:
2326:
2288:
2258:
2215:
2204:(3): 879–881.
2183:
2156:(9): 587–595.
2139:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2132:
2131:
2125:
2118:
2117:
2113:
2112:
2103:
2097:
2090:
2089:
2084:
2081:
2054:
2051:
2024:In all cases,
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1967:(ERR-γ). This
1876:
1873:
1863:
1858:acute toxicity
1811:Main article:
1808:
1805:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1748:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1734:
1729:
1721:
1720:
1715:
1710:
1707:
1702:
1694:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1680:
1675:
1667:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1653:
1648:
1640:
1639:
1634:
1629:
1626:
1621:
1613:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1599:
1559:
1556:
1555:
1554:
1539:
1536:electroplating
1529:
1513:
1504:
1501:
1500:
1499:
1492:polymer blends
1460:polycarbonates
1448:
1410:
1399:
1398:
1394:
1393:
1383:
1373:
1367:
1354:
1334:
1333:
1328:
1325:
1312:
1309:
1277:
1276:
1248:
1245:
1244:
1243:
1228:Polymerisation
1216:Main article:
1213:
1212:Polycarbonates
1210:
1208:
1205:
1191:
1188:
1171:
1144:
1141:
1132:
1131:
1114:. As the only
1112:cumene process
1059:
1056:
983:
980:
920:polycarbonates
872:
869:
868:
863:
841:
840:
836:standard state
833:
830:
829:
826:
819:
816:
815:
812:
806:
805:
795:
788:
781:
766:
765:
764:
763:
761:
752:
751:
733:P305+P351+P338
706:
701:
698:
697:
676:
671:
668:
667:
662:
657:
654:
653:
631:
626:
623:
622:
612:
611:
607:
606:
600:
598:Vapor pressure
594:
593:
590:
581:
580:
577:
572:
569:
568:
565:
559:
558:
555:
549:
548:
545:
539:
538:
535:
529:
528:
525:
521:
520:
514:
508:
507:
504:
498:
492:
487:
482:
479:
478:
474:
473:
471:
470:
467:
465:
462:
454:
453:
452:
449:
448:
446:
445:
441:
438:
437:
435:
431:
428:
427:
419:
418:
417:
414:
413:
411:
410:
397:
395:
383:
380:
379:
376:
370:
369:
367:
366:
358:
356:
350:
349:
347:
346:
342:
340:
334:
333:
331:
330:
322:
320:
312:
309:
308:
306:
305:
297:
295:
289:
288:
286:
285:
277:
275:
270:
267:
266:
264:
263:
259:
257:
249:
248:
238:
230:
229:
227:
226:
218:
216:
210:
209:
207:
206:
198:
196:
190:
189:
187:
186:
178:
176:
170:
169:
167:
166:
158:
156:
150:
149:
147:
146:
139:
131:
129:
122:
119:
118:
116:
115:
107:
105:
100:
97:
96:
92:
91:
88:
87:
84:
81:
71:
68:
64:
63:
59:
58:
54:
53:
47:
46:
42:
41:
33:
32:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
11598:
11587:
11586:Xenoestrogens
11584:
11582:
11579:
11577:
11574:
11572:
11569:
11567:
11564:
11562:
11559:
11557:
11556:GPER agonists
11554:
11552:
11549:
11547:
11544:
11542:
11539:
11537:
11534:
11533:
11531:
11516:
11515:
11511:
11508:
11507:
11504:
11498:
11495:
11493:
11490:
11487:
11486:
11483:
11480:
11478:
11475:
11473:
11470:
11468:
11465:
11462:
11461:
11459:
11454:
11448:
11442:
11439:
11437:
11434:
11432:
11429:
11426:
11425:
11422:
11419:
11417:
11414:
11412:
11409:
11406:
11405:
11403:
11398:
11392:
11386:
11383:
11381:
11378:
11375:
11374:
11371:
11368:
11366:
11363:
11361:
11358:
11356:
11353:
11351:
11348:
11346:
11343:
11341:
11338:
11335:
11334:
11332:
11327:
11321:
11317:
11314:
11307:
11302:
11300:
11295:
11293:
11288:
11287:
11284:
11272:
11269:
11267:
11264:
11262:
11259:
11257:
11254:
11252:
11249:
11246:
11245:
11242:
11232:
11229:
11227:
11224:
11223:
11221:
11217:
11211:
11208:
11206:
11203:
11201:
11198:
11196:
11193:
11191:
11188:
11187:
11185:
11181:
11175:
11172:
11170:
11167:
11165:
11162:
11160:
11157:
11155:
11152:
11150:
11147:
11145:
11142:
11139:
11135:
11132:
11130:
11127:
11125:
11122:
11120:
11117:
11115:
11112:
11110:
11107:
11105:
11102:
11100:
11097:
11095:
11092:
11090:
11087:
11085:
11082:
11080:
11077:
11075:
11072:
11070:
11067:
11065:
11062:
11060:
11057:
11054:
11050:
11046:
11043:
11041:
11038:
11036:
11033:
11031:
11028:
11026:
11023:
11021:
11018:
11016:
11013:
11011:
11008:
11007:
11005:
11001:
10998:
10993:
10987:
10977:
10974:
10971:
10970:
10967:
10964:
10961:
10960:
10957:
10954:
10952:
10949:
10947:
10944:
10942:
10939:
10937:
10934:
10932:
10929:
10927:
10924:
10922:
10919:
10917:
10914:
10912:
10909:
10907:
10904:
10902:
10899:
10897:
10894:
10892:
10889:
10887:
10884:
10882:
10879:
10877:
10874:
10871:
10867:
10863:
10859:
10855:
10852:
10850:
10847:
10845:
10842:
10840:
10837:
10835:
10832:
10830:
10827:
10825:
10822:
10820:
10817:
10815:
10812:
10810:
10807:
10806:
10804:
10800:
10794:
10791:
10789:
10786:
10784:
10781:
10779:
10776:
10774:
10771:
10769:
10766:
10764:
10761:
10759:
10756:
10754:
10751:
10749:
10746:
10744:
10741:
10739:
10736:
10734:
10731:
10729:
10726:
10724:
10721:
10719:
10718:Pipendoxifene
10716:
10714:
10711:
10709:
10706:
10704:
10701:
10699:
10696:
10694:
10691:
10689:
10686:
10684:
10681:
10679:
10676:
10674:
10671:
10669:
10666:
10664:
10661:
10659:
10656:
10654:
10651:
10649:
10646:
10644:
10641:
10639:
10636:
10634:
10631:
10629:
10626:
10624:
10621:
10619:
10616:
10614:
10611:
10609:
10606:
10604:
10601:
10599:
10596:
10594:
10591:
10589:
10586:
10584:
10581:
10579:
10576:
10574:
10571:
10569:
10566:
10564:
10561:
10559:
10556:
10554:
10553:Clomifenoxide
10551:
10549:
10546:
10544:
10541:
10539:
10536:
10534:
10531:
10529:
10528:Brilanestrant
10526:
10524:
10521:
10519:
10516:
10514:
10511:
10509:
10506:
10504:
10501:
10499:
10496:
10494:
10491:
10489:
10486:
10484:
10481:
10479:
10476:
10474:
10471:
10470:
10468:
10462:
10453:
10446:
10442:
10438:
10435:
10431:
10427:
10423:
10419:
10415:
10411:
10407:
10403:
10399:
10395:
10391:
10388:
10385:
10381:
10377:
10374:
10371:
10367:
10364:-like (e.g.,
10363:
10360:
10357:
10353:
10349:
10345:
10341:
10337:
10333:
10330:
10327:
10323:
10319:
10315:
10312:
10309:
10308:guggulsterone
10305:
10301:
10297:
10293:
10292:Phytosteroids
10290:
10287:
10283:
10279:
10275:
10271:
10267:
10263:
10259:
10255:
10251:
10248:
10245:
10241:
10238:
10235:
10233:
10227:
10226:enterolactone
10223:
10219:
10216:
10214:
10211:
10208:
10204:
10200:
10196:
10192:
10188:
10184:
10180:
10176:
10172:
10168:
10164:
10160:
10156:
10152:
10148:
10144:
10140:
10136:
10132:
10128:
10124:
10120:
10116:
10112:
10108:
10104:
10100:
10096:
10092:
10088:
10084:
10080:
10077:
10074:
10070:
10066:
10063:
10060:
10059:wedelolactone
10056:
10052:
10048:
10044:
10041:
10038:
10037:photoanethole
10034:
10030:
10026:
10022:
10018:
10015:
10012:
10011:
10008:
10005:
10003:
10000:
9998:
9995:
9993:
9990:
9987:
9986:
9983:
9980:
9978:
9975:
9973:
9970:
9968:
9965:
9963:
9960:
9958:
9955:
9953:
9950:
9948:
9945:
9943:
9940:
9938:
9935:
9933:
9930:
9928:
9925:
9923:
9920:
9918:
9915:
9913:
9910:
9908:
9905:
9903:
9900:
9898:
9895:
9893:
9892:Pentafluranol
9890:
9888:
9885:
9883:
9880:
9878:
9875:
9873:
9870:
9868:
9865:
9863:
9861:
9857:
9855:
9853:
9849:
9847:
9844:
9842:
9839:
9835:
9832:
9831:
9830:
9827:
9825:
9822:
9820:
9817:
9815:
9812:
9810:
9807:
9805:
9802:
9800:
9797:
9795:
9792:
9790:
9787:
9785:
9782:
9780:
9777:
9775:
9772:
9770:
9767:
9765:
9762:
9760:
9757:
9753:
9750:
9749:
9748:
9745:
9741:
9738:
9737:
9736:
9733:
9731:
9728:
9726:
9723:
9721:
9718:
9716:
9713:
9711:
9708:
9706:
9703:
9701:
9698:
9696:
9693:
9691:
9688:
9686:
9683:
9681:
9678:
9676:
9673:
9671:
9668:
9666:
9663:
9661:
9658:
9656:
9653:
9652:Nonsteroidal:
9650:
9649:
9646:
9643:
9641:
9638:
9636:
9633:
9631:
9628:
9626:
9623:
9621:
9618:
9616:
9613:
9611:
9608:
9606:
9603:
9601:
9598:
9596:
9593:
9591:
9588:
9586:
9583:
9581:
9578:
9576:
9573:
9571:
9568:
9566:
9563:
9561:
9558:
9556:
9553:
9551:
9548:
9546:
9543:
9541:
9538:
9536:
9533:
9531:
9528:
9526:
9523:
9519:
9516:
9514:
9511:
9510:
9509:
9506:
9502:
9501:Ethandrostate
9499:
9498:
9497:
9494:
9492:
9489:
9485:
9482:
9480:
9477:
9475:
9472:
9471:
9470:
9467:
9465:
9462:
9460:
9457:
9455:
9452:
9448:
9445:
9443:
9440:
9439:
9438:
9435:
9433:
9430:
9428:
9425:
9423:
9420:
9418:
9415:
9411:
9408:
9406:
9403:
9401:
9398:
9397:
9396:
9393:
9391:
9388:
9386:
9383:
9381:
9378:
9376:
9373:
9371:
9368:
9366:
9363:
9361:
9358:
9356:
9354:
9350:
9348:
9345:
9343:
9340:
9338:
9335:
9333:
9330:
9328:
9325:
9323:
9320:
9316:
9313:
9312:
9311:
9310:Cloxestradiol
9308:
9306:
9303:
9301:
9298:
9296:
9293:
9291:
9288:
9286:
9283:
9280:
9276:
9272:
9268:
9264:
9260:
9256:
9253:
9251:
9248:
9246:
9243:
9241:
9238:
9236:
9233:
9231:
9228:
9226:
9223:
9221:
9218:
9216:
9213:
9211:
9208:
9206:
9203:
9201:
9198:
9196:
9193:
9190:
9186:
9185:17α-Estradiol
9183:
9181:
9178:
9176:
9173:
9171:
9168:
9166:
9163:
9161:
9158:
9156:
9153:
9151:
9148:
9146:
9143:
9141:
9138:
9136:
9133:
9131:
9128:
9126:
9123:
9121:
9118:
9116:
9113:
9111:
9108:
9106:
9103:
9101:
9098:
9096:
9093:
9091:
9088:
9086:
9083:
9081:
9078:
9076:
9073:
9071:
9068:
9066:
9063:
9061:
9058:
9056:
9053:
9051:
9048:
9046:
9043:
9041:
9038:
9036:
9033:
9031:
9028:
9026:
9023:
9021:
9018:
9016:
9013:
9011:
9008:
9006:
9003:
9001:
8998:
8995:
8994:
8992:
8988:
8985:
8980:
8974:
8970:
8967:
8960:
8955:
8953:
8948:
8946:
8941:
8940:
8937:
8925:
8922:
8920:
8917:
8915:
8912:
8910:
8907:
8905:
8902:
8899:
8898:
8895:
8885:
8882:
8877:
8872:
8870:
8867:
8864:
8857:
8850:
8843:
8837:
8835:
8832:
8830:
8827:
8825:
8822:
8819:
8815:
8811:
8807:
8803:
8799:
8795:
8792:
8791:
8789:
8785:
8782:
8780:
8776:
8766:
8763:
8761:
8758:
8756:
8753:
8751:
8748:
8746:
8745:Valproic acid
8743:
8741:
8738:
8736:
8733:
8731:
8728:
8726:
8723:
8721:
8718:
8716:
8713:
8711:
8708:
8706:
8703:
8701:
8698:
8696:
8693:
8691:
8690:Rezvilutamide
8688:
8686:
8683:
8681:
8678:
8676:
8673:
8671:
8668:
8666:
8665:Proxalutamide
8663:
8661:
8658:
8656:
8653:
8651:
8648:
8646:
8643:
8641:
8638:
8636:
8633:
8631:
8628:
8626:
8624:
8620:
8618:
8616:
8612:
8610:
8608:
8604:
8602:
8599:
8597:
8594:
8592:
8589:
8587:
8584:
8582:
8579:
8577:
8574:
8572:
8569:
8567:
8564:
8562:
8559:
8557:
8554:
8552:
8549:
8547:
8544:
8542:
8539:
8537:
8534:
8532:
8529:
8527:
8524:
8522:
8519:
8517:
8514:
8512:
8509:
8506:
8502:
8499:
8497:
8494:
8492:
8489:
8487:
8484:
8482:
8479:
8477:
8474:
8472:
8469:
8467:
8464:
8462:
8459:
8456:
8452:
8448:
8444:
8440:
8436:
8433:
8431:
8428:
8426:
8423:
8421:
8418:
8416:
8413:
8411:
8408:
8406:
8403:
8401:
8398:
8396:
8393:
8391:
8388:
8386:
8383:
8381:
8380:-Bicalutamide
8379:
8374:
8373:Nonsteroidal:
8371:
8370:
8367:
8364:
8362:
8359:
8357:
8354:
8352:
8349:
8347:
8344:
8342:
8339:
8337:
8334:
8332:
8329:
8327:
8324:
8322:
8319:
8317:
8314:
8312:
8309:
8307:
8304:
8302:
8299:
8297:
8294:
8292:
8289:
8287:
8284:
8282:
8279:
8277:
8274:
8272:
8269:
8267:
8264:
8262:
8259:
8257:
8254:
8252:
8249:
8247:
8244:
8242:
8241:Guggulsterone
8239:
8237:
8234:
8232:
8229:
8227:
8224:
8222:
8219:
8217:
8214:
8212:
8209:
8207:
8204:
8202:
8199:
8197:
8194:
8192:
8189:
8187:
8184:
8182:
8179:
8177:
8174:
8172:
8169:
8167:
8164:
8162:
8159:
8157:
8154:
8152:
8149:
8147:
8144:
8142:
8139:
8137:
8134:
8132:
8129:
8127:
8124:
8122:
8119:
8117:
8114:
8112:
8109:
8107:
8104:
8102:
8099:
8097:
8094:
8092:
8089:
8087:
8084:
8081:
8080:
8078:
8074:
8068:
8065:
8063:
8060:
8058:
8055:
8053:
8050:
8047:
8046:
8043:
8040:
8038:
8035:
8033:
8030:
8028:
8025:
8023:
8020:
8018:
8015:
8013:
8010:
8008:
8005:
8003:
8000:
7998:
7995:
7993:
7990:
7988:
7985:
7983:
7980:
7978:
7975:
7973:
7970:
7968:
7965:
7963:
7960:
7958:
7955:
7953:
7950:
7948:
7945:
7943:
7940:
7938:
7935:
7933:
7930:
7928:
7925:
7923:
7920:
7918:
7915:
7913:
7910:
7908:
7905:
7903:
7900:
7898:
7895:
7893:
7890:
7888:
7885:
7883:
7880:
7879:Nonsteroidal:
7877:
7876:
7874:
7869:
7863:
7857:
7854:
7852:
7849:
7847:
7844:
7842:
7839:
7837:
7834:
7832:
7831:5α-Androstane
7829:
7827:
7824:
7821:
7820:
7817:
7814:
7812:
7809:
7807:
7804:
7801:
7800:
7797:
7794:
7792:
7789:
7786:
7785:
7782:
7779:
7775:
7772:
7771:
7770:
7767:
7765:
7762:
7760:
7757:
7754:
7750:
7746:
7743:
7741:
7738:
7734:
7731:
7730:
7729:
7726:
7723:
7719:
7716:
7714:
7711:
7709:
7706:
7704:
7701:
7697:
7694:
7693:
7692:
7689:
7687:
7684:
7682:
7679:
7677:
7674:
7671:
7670:
7667:
7664:
7662:
7659:
7657:
7654:
7651:
7650:
7647:
7644:
7640:
7639:Ethandrostate
7637:
7636:
7635:
7632:
7630:
7627:
7624:
7623:
7620:
7617:
7614:
7613:
7610:
7607:
7604:
7603:
7600:
7597:
7595:
7592:
7589:
7588:
7585:
7582:
7580:
7577:
7575:
7572:
7570:
7567:
7565:
7562:
7560:
7557:
7555:
7552:
7550:
7547:
7545:
7542:
7540:
7539:Ethylestrenol
7537:
7535:
7532:
7530:
7527:
7525:
7522:
7520:
7517:
7514:
7513:
7510:
7507:
7505:
7502:
7500:
7497:
7495:
7492:
7490:
7487:
7485:
7482:
7480:
7477:
7473:
7470:
7468:
7465:
7464:
7463:
7460:
7458:
7455:
7453:
7450:
7448:
7445:
7443:
7440:
7438:
7435:
7432:
7431:
7428:
7425:
7423:
7420:
7418:
7415:
7411:
7408:
7407:
7405:
7401:
7398:
7396:
7393:
7389:
7386:
7384:
7381:
7379:
7376:
7374:
7371:
7370:
7369:
7366:
7364:
7361:
7359:
7356:
7354:
7351:
7349:
7346:
7344:
7341:
7339:
7336:
7334:
7331:
7329:
7326:
7324:
7321:
7319:
7316:
7314:
7311:
7308:
7307:
7304:
7301:
7299:
7296:
7294:
7291:
7288:
7287:
7282:
7279:
7277:
7274:
7273:
7272:
7269:
7267:
7264:
7260:
7257:
7255:
7252:
7250:
7247:
7245:
7242:
7241:
7240:
7237:
7233:
7230:
7229:
7228:
7225:
7223:
7220:
7216:
7213:
7212:
7211:
7208:
7204:
7201:
7200:
7199:
7196:
7194:
7191:
7189:
7187:
7183:
7178:
7174:
7171:
7169:
7166:
7164:
7161:
7160:
7159:
7156:
7154:
7151:
7149:
7146:
7144:
7141:
7139:
7136:
7132:
7129:
7128:
7127:
7124:
7122:
7119:
7117:
7114:
7112:
7109:
7105:
7102:
7101:
7100:
7097:
7095:
7092:
7089:
7088:
7085:
7082:
7078:
7075:
7074:
7073:
7070:
7068:
7065:
7061:
7058:
7057:
7056:
7053:
7051:
7048:
7044:
7041:
7040:
7039:
7036:
7034:
7031:
7029:
7026:
7024:
7021:
7019:
7016:
7012:
7009:
7008:
7007:
7004:
7000:
6997:
6996:
6994:
6990:
6987:
6985:
6982:
6980:
6977:
6975:
6972:
6968:
6965:
6964:
6963:
6960:
6958:
6955:
6953:
6950:
6948:
6945:
6943:
6940:
6938:
6935:
6933:
6930:
6928:
6925:
6923:
6920:
6918:
6915:
6912:
6911:
6906:
6903:
6901:
6898:
6897:
6895:
6891:
6888:
6886:
6883:
6881:
6878:
6876:
6873:
6871:
6868:
6866:
6863:
6859:
6856:
6854:
6851:
6850:
6849:
6846:
6844:
6841:
6837:
6834:
6833:
6832:
6829:
6825:
6822:
6820:
6817:
6815:
6812:
6811:
6810:
6807:
6805:
6802:
6798:
6795:
6794:
6793:
6790:
6788:
6785:
6783:
6780:
6776:
6773:
6771:
6768:
6766:
6763:
6761:
6758:
6757:
6756:
6753:
6751:
6748:
6746:
6743:
6741:
6738:
6736:
6733:
6731:
6728:
6726:
6723:
6721:
6718:
6716:
6713:
6710:
6709:
6707:
6703:
6700:
6695:
6689:
6685:
6682:
6675:
6670:
6668:
6663:
6661:
6656:
6655:
6652:
6641:
6637:
6632:
6627:
6623:
6619:
6615:
6611:
6607:
6603:
6599:
6592:
6584:
6580:
6575:
6570:
6566:
6562:
6558:
6554:
6550:
6543:
6541:
6532:
6528:
6524:
6520:
6516:
6512:
6508:
6504:
6500:
6496:
6489:
6487:
6478:
6474:
6470:
6466:
6462:
6458:
6454:
6450:
6446:
6442:
6435:
6433:
6424:
6420:
6416:
6412:
6408:
6404:
6400:
6396:
6392:
6388:
6381:
6373:
6369:
6365:
6361:
6357:
6353:
6349:
6345:
6341:
6337:
6330:
6322:
6318:
6314:
6310:
6306:
6302:
6298:
6294:
6287:
6279:
6275:
6271:
6267:
6263:
6259:
6255:
6251:
6244:
6236:
6232:
6228:
6224:
6220:
6216:
6212:
6208:
6201:
6193:
6189:
6185:
6181:
6177:
6173:
6169:
6165:
6161:
6157:
6149:
6140:
6135:
6131:
6127:
6123:
6116:
6114:
6105:
6101:
6097:
6093:
6089:
6085:
6081:
6077:
6070:
6062:
6058:
6053:
6048:
6044:
6040:
6036:
6032:
6028:
6021:
6013:
6009:
6005:
6001:
5997:
5993:
5989:
5985:
5978:
5976:
5974:
5965:
5961:
5957:
5953:
5949:
5945:
5941:
5937:
5933:
5929:
5922:
5914:
5910:
5905:
5900:
5896:
5892:
5888:
5884:
5883:Dose-Response
5880:
5873:
5871:
5862:
5858:
5854:
5850:
5846:
5842:
5838:
5834:
5827:
5825:
5816:
5812:
5807:
5802:
5798:
5794:
5790:
5786:
5782:
5775:
5767:
5763:
5759:
5755:
5751:
5747:
5740:
5738:
5736:
5734:
5725:
5721:
5716:
5711:
5707:
5703:
5702:Endocrinology
5699:
5692:
5677:
5673:
5666:
5650:
5646:
5642:
5636:
5629:
5625:
5621:
5615:
5607:
5603:
5596:
5590:
5587:
5581:
5577:
5571:
5563:
5561:9789279158698
5557:
5552:
5551:10.2788/97553
5547:
5543:
5536:
5520:
5516:
5514:
5508:
5502:
5486:
5484:
5483:Health Canada
5478:
5471:
5463:
5459:
5455:
5451:
5447:
5443:
5439:
5432:
5417:
5413:
5406:
5397:
5392:
5388:
5384:
5380:
5376:
5369:
5361:
5359:9789291996421
5355:
5351:
5347:
5343:
5336:
5320:
5316:
5312:
5306:
5298:
5294:
5290:
5286:
5282:
5278:
5270:
5262:
5258:
5253:
5248:
5244:
5240:
5237:(8): 926–33.
5236:
5232:
5228:
5221:
5213:
5209:
5205:
5201:
5197:
5193:
5189:
5185:
5178:
5176:
5160:
5156:
5150:
5142:
5138:
5132:
5124:
5120:
5116:
5112:
5107:
5102:
5097:
5092:
5088:
5084:
5080:
5076:
5072:
5065:
5057:
5053:
5049:
5045:
5041:
5037:
5033:
5029:
5025:
5021:
5014:
5005:
5000:
4996:
4992:
4988:
4981:
4973:
4969:
4965:
4961:
4957:
4953:
4945:
4937:
4933:
4929:
4925:
4921:
4917:
4913:
4909:
4902:
4894:
4890:
4885:
4880:
4876:
4872:
4868:
4864:
4860:
4853:
4845:
4841:
4836:
4831:
4827:
4823:
4819:
4815:
4811:
4804:
4796:
4792:
4787:
4782:
4778:
4774:
4770:
4766:
4762:
4755:
4747:
4743:
4739:
4735:
4731:
4727:
4723:
4719:
4712:
4704:
4700:
4696:
4692:
4688:
4684:
4680:
4676:
4672:
4668:
4661:
4654:
4646:
4642:
4638:
4634:
4626:
4618:
4614:
4610:
4606:
4602:
4598:
4594:
4590:
4586:
4582:
4574:
4566:
4560:
4556:
4552:
4548:
4547:
4539:
4531:
4527:
4523:
4519:
4515:
4511:
4504:
4496:
4492:
4488:
4484:
4480:
4476:
4469:
4461:
4447:
4443:
4439:
4435:
4429:
4421:
4419:9789004161245
4415:
4411:
4404:
4396:
4392:
4388:
4384:
4380:
4376:
4369:
4361:
4355:
4351:
4347:
4343:
4337:
4329:
4325:
4321:
4317:
4310:
4302:
4298:
4293:
4288:
4284:
4280:
4276:
4269:
4261:
4255:
4251:
4244:
4236:
4232:
4228:
4224:
4220:
4216:
4209:
4201:
4195:
4191:
4184:
4176:
4172:
4168:
4164:
4160:
4156:
4152:
4148:
4141:
4139:
4137:
4135:
4126:
4122:
4118:
4114:
4110:
4106:
4099:
4091:
4087:
4083:
4079:
4075:
4071:
4064:
4056:
4052:
4048:
4044:
4040:
4036:
4028:
4020:
4014:
4010:
4003:
3995:
3991:
3986:
3981:
3976:
3971:
3967:
3963:
3959:
3952:
3944:
3938:
3934:
3930:
3926:
3925:
3917:
3901:
3897:
3891:
3883:
3879:
3875:
3871:
3864:
3856:
3852:
3848:
3844:
3840:
3836:
3829:
3813:
3809:
3803:
3795:
3793:9780080347141
3789:
3785:
3784:
3776:
3768:
3762:
3754:
3752:9781498754293
3748:
3744:
3743:
3735:
3727:
3723:
3719:
3715:
3710:
3705:
3701:
3697:
3693:
3689:
3685:
3678:
3670:
3666:
3662:
3658:
3654:
3650:
3646:
3642:
3635:
3633:
3624:
3620:
3616:
3612:
3605:
3597:
3591:
3587:
3583:
3576:
3568:
3564:
3560:
3556:
3552:
3548:
3544:
3540:
3533:
3524:
3519:
3515:
3511:
3507:
3503:
3499:
3492:
3484:
3480:
3475:
3470:
3466:
3462:
3459:(3476): 996.
3458:
3454:
3450:
3443:
3435:
3431:
3426:
3421:
3417:
3413:
3409:
3405:
3401:
3394:
3392:
3390:
3381:
3375:
3371:
3367:
3363:
3362:
3354:
3346:
3340:
3336:
3332:
3328:
3327:
3319:
3311:
3307:
3303:
3299:
3295:
3291:
3288:
3284:
3280:
3276:
3275:
3271:
3263:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3245:
3241:
3237:
3230:
3222:
3218:
3214:
3210:
3206:
3202:
3198:
3194:
3187:
3185:
3176:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3157:
3152:
3148:
3144:
3140:
3133:
3125:
3121:
3117:
3113:
3109:
3105:
3101:
3097:
3093:
3089:
3081:
3079:
3077:
3068:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3050:
3046:
3042:
3038:
3034:
3027:
3019:
3015:
3010:
3005:
3001:
2997:
2993:
2989:
2985:
2981:
2977:
2970:
2968:
2966:
2949:
2945:
2941:
2937:
2933:
2929:
2925:
2921:
2917:
2913:
2906:
2904:
2902:
2893:
2889:
2885:
2881:
2877:
2873:
2866:
2858:
2854:
2850:
2846:
2842:
2838:
2831:
2824:
2822:
2820:
2811:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2793:
2789:
2785:
2778:
2776:
2767:
2763:
2759:
2755:
2751:
2747:
2740:
2732:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2714:
2710:
2706:
2702:
2698:
2691:
2689:
2687:
2678:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2660:
2656:
2652:
2648:
2644:
2637:
2635:
2633:
2617:
2611:
2607:
2603:
2599:
2598:
2591:
2589:
2587:
2585:
2583:
2574:
2568:
2564:
2560:
2556:
2549:
2541:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2523:
2519:
2515:
2511:
2507:
2500:
2498:
2496:
2494:
2492:
2483:
2481:9789279175428
2477:
2472:
2471:10.2788/40195
2467:
2463:
2456:
2454:
2452:
2450:
2448:
2446:
2444:
2435:
2431:
2427:
2423:
2419:
2415:
2411:
2407:
2400:
2398:
2389:
2383:
2379:
2375:
2371:
2370:
2362:
2360:
2358:
2356:
2348:
2344:
2339:
2337:
2335:
2333:
2331:
2322:
2318:
2314:
2310:
2306:
2302:
2295:
2293:
2276:
2272:
2268:
2262:
2254:
2250:
2246:
2242:
2238:
2234:
2230:
2226:
2219:
2211:
2207:
2203:
2199:
2192:
2190:
2188:
2179:
2175:
2171:
2167:
2163:
2159:
2155:
2151:
2144:
2140:
2129:
2126:
2123:
2120:
2119:
2115:
2114:
2111:
2107:
2104:
2101:
2098:
2095:
2092:
2091:
2087:
2086:
2080:
2078:
2074:
2073:invertebrates
2069:
2064:
2060:
2050:
2048:
2044:
2040:
2035:
2030:
2027:
2022:
2020:
2016:
2012:
2011:thermal paper
2008:
1992:
1990:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1974:
1970:
1966:
1961:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1944:
1940:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1925:
1921:
1917:
1913:
1909:
1905:
1902:
1898:
1890:
1886:
1881:
1872:
1870:
1866:
1859:
1854:
1852:
1848:
1844:
1843:polypropylene
1840:
1835:
1830:
1828:
1824:
1820:
1814:
1804:
1802:
1801:biomonitoring
1798:
1794:
1790:
1786:
1785:toxicokinetic
1782:
1773:
1769:
1764:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1735:
1733:
1730:
1727:
1723:
1722:
1719:
1718:Cyclohexanone
1716:
1714:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1700:
1696:
1695:
1692:
1689:
1687:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1673:
1669:
1668:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1646:
1642:
1641:
1638:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1619:
1615:
1614:
1611:
1606:
1603:
1600:
1597:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1587:
1583:
1579:
1575:
1571:
1565:
1552:
1548:
1544:
1540:
1537:
1533:
1530:
1527:
1522:
1518:
1517:thermal paper
1514:
1511:
1507:
1506:
1497:
1493:
1489:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1472:polypropylene
1469:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1422:
1418:
1414:
1411:
1408:
1404:
1401:
1400:
1396:
1395:
1392:
1388:
1384:
1381:
1377:
1374:
1371:
1368:
1365:
1362:
1361:thermoplastic
1358:
1355:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1339:cyanate ester
1336:
1335:
1331:
1330:
1324:
1322:
1318:
1308:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1274:
1270:
1269:
1268:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1241:
1237:
1236:
1235:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1224:polycarbonate
1219:
1218:Polycarbonate
1202:water bottle.
1201:
1200:polycarbonate
1196:
1187:
1185:
1181:
1180:Spectroscopic
1177:
1176:torsion angle
1169:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1157:ethyl acetate
1154:
1150:
1140:
1137:
1136:para position
1129:
1125:
1124:
1123:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1096:sulfonic acid
1093:
1089:
1088:sulfuric acid
1085:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1055:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1036:Charles Dodds
1032:
1030:
1026:
1023:
1022:polycarbonate
1019:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1003:
999:
994:
992:
989:
979:
977:
973:
969:
965:
960:
956:
951:
949:
945:
944:thermal paper
941:
937:
933:
929:
925:
921:
917:
912:
910:
906:
902:
898:
894:
890:
886:
882:
878:
866:
859:
854:
837:
831:
827:
824:
818:
817:
813:
811:
808:
807:
800:
793:
786:
762:
759:
758:
754:
753:
707:
704:
700:
699:
677:
674:
670:
669:
666:
663:
660:
656:
655:
651:
646:
641:
636:
632:
629:
625:
624:
620:
618:
613:
608:
605:(25 °C)
601:
599:
596:
595:
591:
589:
588:
583:
582:
578:
575:
571:
570:
566:
564:
563:Boiling point
561:
560:
556:
554:
553:Melting point
551:
550:
546:
544:
541:
540:
536:
534:
531:
530:
526:
523:
522:
515:
513:
510:
509:
488:
485:
481:
480:
475:
466:
461:
460:
457:
450:
436:
426:
425:
422:
415:
407:
403:
402:DTXSID7020182
399:
398:
396:
386:
382:
381:
377:
375:
372:
371:
364:
360:
359:
357:
355:
352:
351:
344:
343:
341:
339:
336:
335:
328:
324:
323:
321:
315:
311:
310:
303:
299:
298:
296:
294:
291:
290:
283:
279:
278:
276:
273:
269:
268:
261:
260:
258:
256:
251:
250:
246:
242:
239:
237:
235:ECHA InfoCard
232:
231:
224:
220:
219:
217:
215:
212:
211:
204:
200:
199:
197:
195:
192:
191:
184:
180:
179:
177:
175:
172:
171:
164:
160:
159:
157:
155:
152:
151:
144:
140:
137:
133:
132:
130:
126:
121:
120:
113:
109:
108:
106:
103:
99:
98:
93:
85:
82:
79:
75:
72:
69:
66:
65:
60:
52:
48:
43:
39:
34:
30:
25:
19:
11512:
11489:Antagonists:
11488:
11466:
11463:
11436:Bisphenol AF
11428:Antagonists:
11427:
11407:
11377:Antagonists:
11376:
11350:Bisphenol AF
11336:
11034:
10972:
10962:
10886:Mepitiostane
10834:Epitiostanol
10703:Ormeloxifene
10628:Lasofoxifene
10538:Camizestrant
10533:Broparestrol
10523:Bazedoxifene
10445:rotundifuran
10401:
10394:alkylphenols
10344:β-zearalenol
10340:α-zearalenol
10326:stigmasterol
10318:β-sitosterol
10314:Phytosterols
10282:triclocarban
10278:methoxychlor
10231:
10213:Lavender oil
10207:tectorigenin
10139:formononetin
10013:
9988:
9859:
9851:
9651:
9635:Quinestradol
9625:Promestriene
9600:Noretynodrel
9464:Estromustine
9417:Estramustine
9352:
9259:testosterone
8996:
8884:Testosterone
8670:Pyrilutamide
8622:
8614:
8606:
8571:Lavender oil
8561:Ketoconazole
8526:Enzalutamide
8496:Darolutamide
8446:
8430:Bicalutamide
8405:Atraric acid
8377:
8372:
8356:Trimegestone
8311:Promegestone
8276:Mifepristone
8251:Medrogestone
8196:Drospirenone
8151:Clascoterone
8082:
8048:
7992:JNJ-37654032
7987:JNJ-28330835
7982:JNJ-26146900
7878:
7822:
7802:
7787:
7769:Quingestanol
7686:Etonogestrel
7672:
7652:
7625:
7615:
7605:
7590:
7574:Propetandrol
7515:
7504:Oxymetholone
7479:Methasterone
7433:
7427:Tiomesterone
7417:Oxymesterone
7309:
7289:
7210:Norclostebol
7185:
7181:
7090:
7028:Mepitiostane
7023:Epitiostanol
7006:Drostanolone
6957:Androsterone
6913:
6894:+dutasteride
6890:Testosterone
6858:DHEA sulfate
6711:
6605:
6601:
6591:
6556:
6552:
6498:
6494:
6444:
6440:
6390:
6386:
6380:
6339:
6335:
6329:
6296:
6292:
6286:
6253:
6249:
6243:
6210:
6206:
6200:
6162:(1): 12–23.
6159:
6155:
6148:
6129:
6125:
6079:
6075:
6069:
6034:
6030:
6020:
5987:
5983:
5931:
5927:
5921:
5886:
5882:
5836:
5832:
5788:
5784:
5774:
5749:
5745:
5705:
5701:
5691:
5679:. Retrieved
5675:
5665:
5653:. Retrieved
5644:
5635:
5627:
5623:
5614:
5605:
5595:
5579:
5570:
5541:
5535:
5523:. Retrieved
5519:the original
5510:
5501:
5489:. Retrieved
5480:
5470:
5437:
5431:
5419:. Retrieved
5415:
5405:
5378:
5375:EFSA Journal
5374:
5368:
5341:
5335:
5323:. Retrieved
5319:the original
5314:
5305:
5280:
5276:
5269:
5234:
5230:
5220:
5187:
5183:
5162:. Retrieved
5158:
5149:
5131:
5078:
5074:
5064:
5023:
5019:
5013:
4997:(1): 57–63.
4994:
4990:
4980:
4955:
4951:
4944:
4911:
4907:
4901:
4866:
4862:
4852:
4820:(1): 39–44.
4817:
4813:
4803:
4768:
4764:
4754:
4721:
4717:
4711:
4670:
4666:
4653:
4636:
4632:
4625:
4584:
4580:
4573:
4544:
4538:
4513:
4509:
4503:
4478:
4474:
4468:
4449:. Retrieved
4437:
4428:
4409:
4403:
4381:(2): 49660.
4378:
4374:
4368:
4341:
4336:
4319:
4315:
4309:
4285:(1): 47–57.
4282:
4278:
4268:
4249:
4243:
4218:
4214:
4208:
4189:
4183:
4150:
4146:
4108:
4104:
4098:
4073:
4070:Biomaterials
4069:
4063:
4038:
4034:
4027:
4008:
4002:
3965:
3961:
3951:
3922:
3916:
3904:. Retrieved
3899:
3890:
3873:
3869:
3863:
3838:
3834:
3828:
3816:. Retrieved
3811:
3802:
3782:
3775:
3741:
3734:
3691:
3687:
3677:
3644:
3640:
3614:
3610:
3604:
3581:
3575:
3542:
3538:
3532:
3505:
3501:
3491:
3456:
3452:
3442:
3407:
3403:
3359:
3353:
3324:
3318:
3301:
3297:
3286:
3282:
3270:
3246:(1): 11–21.
3243:
3239:
3229:
3196:
3192:
3146:
3142:
3132:
3091:
3087:
3040:
3036:
3026:
2983:
2979:
2952:. Retrieved
2948:the original
2919:
2915:
2875:
2871:
2865:
2840:
2836:
2791:
2787:
2749:
2745:
2739:
2704:
2700:
2650:
2646:
2619:. Retrieved
2596:
2554:
2548:
2513:
2509:
2461:
2409:
2405:
2367:
2304:
2300:
2279:. Retrieved
2275:the original
2270:
2261:
2231:(1): 18–25.
2228:
2224:
2218:
2201:
2197:
2153:
2149:
2143:
2110:methoxychlor
2056:
2031:
2023:
2003:
1981:xenoestrogen
1962:
1894:
1875:Pharmacology
1855:
1839:baby bottles
1831:
1816:
1777:
1753:Human safety
1745:Formaldehyde
1664:Formaldehyde
1624:Bisphenol AF
1586:formaldehyde
1567:
1510:brake fluids
1464:epoxy resins
1421:plasticizers
1407:memory foams
1403:Polyurethane
1376:Polysulfones
1314:
1297:methacrylate
1278:
1253:epoxy resins
1250:
1221:
1146:
1133:
1108:atom economy
1094:such as the
1064:condensation
1061:
1033:
1010:epoxy resins
995:
985:
955:xenoestrogen
952:
940:polyurethane
924:epoxy resins
913:
880:
876:
875:
821:Autoignition
756:
664:
616:
586:
527:White solid
338:RTECS number
183:ChEMBL418971
95:Identifiers
77:
73:
62:Other names
18:
11467:Bisphenol A
11355:Cholesterol
11345:Biochanin A
11231:Zearalenone
11183:Antagonists
11159:Resveratrol
11124:Nonylphenol
11119:Niacinamide
11035:Bisphenol A
11025:Aldosterone
10854:Glyceollins
10802:Antagonists
10793:Zuclomifene
10788:Zindoxifene
10698:NNC 45-1506
10693:NNC 45-0781
10688:NNC 45-0320
10683:NNC 45-0095
10678:Nitromifene
10658:Miproxifene
10608:Fispemifene
10583:Enclomifene
10578:Droloxifene
10558:CN-55945-27
10503:Afimoxifene
10493:Acefluranol
10384:rhaponticin
10380:resveratrol
10376:Stilbenoids
10348:zearalenone
10336:zearalanone
10322:campesterol
10254:alternariol
10187:pinocembrin
10131:epicatechin
10103:biochanin A
10043:Chalconoids
9937:Terfluranol
9912:Quadrosilan
9784:Elacestrant
9685:Allenestrol
9560:Lynestrenol
9484:Estropipate
9454:Estrofurate
9305:Clomestrone
9285:Atrimustine
9235:Abiraterone
9189:alfatradiol
8869:Osteocalcin
8750:Vinclozolin
8735:Thalidomide
8730:Seviteronel
8660:Procymidone
8596:Masofaniten
8551:Inocoterone
8455:bisphenol S
8451:bisphenol F
8447:bisphenol A
8425:BAY-1024767
8400:Apalutamide
8346:Spiroxasone
8341:Spirorenone
8321:Rosterolone
8261:Mespirenone
8206:Edogestrone
8176:Delanterone
8166:Cyproterone
8156:Clometerone
8126:Benorterone
8111:Abiraterone
8076:Antagonists
8007:PF-06260414
7912:BMS-564,929
7836:Alternariol
7728:Lynestrenol
7681:Desogestrel
7564:Norboletone
7554:Metribolone
7499:Oxandrolone
7457:Mestanolone
7422:Penmesterol
7353:Formebolone
7318:Calusterone
7313:Bolasterone
7067:Prostanozol
7038:Mesterolone
6299:(1): 1–59.
6132:(1): 1–10.
6076:Chemosphere
5833:Chemosphere
5416:www.epa.gov
5283:: 935–948.
4451:24 November
3694:: 469–480.
3688:Chemosphere
3641:Chemosphere
3539:Chemosphere
3094:: 971–981.
2986:: 691–706.
2980:Chemosphere
2606:10665/44624
2347:Bisphenol A
2271:speclab.com
1958:LH receptor
1943:Leydig cell
1918:(SERM), or
1914:. BPA is a
1883:Overlay of
1740:2,6-xylenol
1705:Bisphenol Z
1678:Bisphenol S
1651:Bisphenol F
1582:bisphenol F
1574:bisphenol F
1570:bisphenol S
1532:Ethoxylated
1433:dispersions
1289:ethoxylated
1168:space group
1072:equivalents
1006:Switzerland
976:bisphenol F
972:bisphenol S
948:plasticizer
877:Bisphenol A
823:temperature
810:Flash point
659:Signal word
547:1.217 g/cm
524:Appearance
477:Properties
241:100.001.133
163:CHEBI:33216
11530:Categories
11482:SLU-PP-332
11421:SLU-PP-332
11370:SLU-PP-332
11316:modulators
11174:Tectoridin
11154:Raloxifene
11129:Oleuropein
10976:Trilostane
10921:Prochloraz
10881:MDL-101906
10876:ICI-164384
10763:Trioxifene
10758:Toremifene
10728:Raloxifene
10713:Panomifene
10708:Ospemifene
10673:Nafoxidine
10563:Cyclofenil
10518:Arzoxifene
10498:Acolbifene
10430:phthalates
10398:bisphenols
10370:miroestrol
10274:methiocarb
10262:endosulfan
10250:Pesticides
10222:enterodiol
10203:tectoridin
10183:penduletin
10179:naringenin
10163:kaempferol
10079:Flavonoids
10073:psoralidin
10069:coumestrol
10065:Coumestans
10029:dianethole
9982:WAY-214156
9972:WAY-200070
9967:WAY-169916
9962:WAY-166818
9932:SKF-82,958
9897:Phenestrol
9877:Methestrol
9862:-Hexestrol
9854:-Butestrol
9735:Dienestrol
9715:Carbestrol
9700:Bifluranol
9695:Benzestrol
9640:Quinestrol
9590:Nilestriol
9432:Estrazinol
9365:Epimestrol
9355:-Estradiol
9337:Cyclotriol
9275:nandrolone
9250:Almestrone
9085:7-Oxo-DHEA
8997:Steroidal:
8969:modulators
8863:-ornithine
8806:gadolinium
8655:Prochloraz
8650:Phenothrin
8630:Nilutamide
8601:Methiocarb
8521:Endosulfan
8486:Cioteronel
8481:Cimetidine
8471:BMS-641988
8466:BMS-570511
8461:BMS-501949
8435:Bisphenols
8390:Antarlides
8366:Zanoterone
8301:Oxendolone
8246:Ludaterone
8236:Galeterone
8186:Dicirenone
8083:Steroidal:
8049:Steroidal:
8042:Vosilasarm
7937:GSK2881078
7892:AC-262,536
7851:Trilostane
7759:Norgestrel
7708:Gestrinone
7676:Δ-Tibolone
7559:Mibolerone
7509:Stanozolol
7462:Metenolone
7239:Trenbolone
7198:Nandrolone
7148:Dienedione
7072:Stenbolone
7033:Mesabolone
6885:Silandrone
6880:Quinbolone
6875:Plomestane
6870:Formestane
6865:Exemestane
6787:Atamestane
6684:modulators
6447:: 154533.
6393:: 121488.
6250:Toxicology
6037:: 148013.
5396:2164/12119
5164:26 January
5081:: 146905.
3968:(1): 149.
3149:(2): 532.
2572:3527306730
2516:: 148013.
2135:References
2077:amphibians
1931:antagonist
1562:See also:
1466:, used in
1437:plastisols
1417:phthalates
1311:Minor uses
1165:monoclinic
1143:Properties
1116:by-product
1058:Production
916:co-monomer
628:Pictograms
512:Molar mass
363:MLT3645I99
272:IUPHAR/BPS
194:ChemSpider
123:3D model (
102:CAS Number
11464:Agonists:
11408:Agonists:
11365:Genistein
11337:Agonists:
11169:Tamoxifen
11149:Quercetin
11089:Genistein
11069:Estradiol
11053:o',p'-DDE
10956:ZK-191703
10951:ZK-164015
10911:Phenytoin
10809:(R,R)-THC
10748:Tamoxifen
10723:Promensil
10648:LY-117018
10623:Idoxifene
10618:ICI-55548
10603:Femarelle
10588:Endoxifen
10548:Clomifene
10304:diosgenin
10300:digitalis
10296:digitoxin
10286:triclosan
10266:fenarimol
10199:quercetin
10175:myricetin
10171:mirificin
10159:glycitein
10151:genistein
10147:glabridin
10107:calycosin
10095:baicalein
10051:phloretin
10007:ZK-283197
9867:Mestilbol
9829:Hexestrol
9804:Fenestrel
9779:Efavirenz
9710:Butestrol
9665:2,8-DHHHC
9660:(S,S)-THC
9655:(R,R)-THC
9610:Pentolame
9605:Orestrate
9580:Moxestrol
9570:Mestranol
9535:Etynodiol
9395:Estradiol
9370:Equilenin
9332:Cyclodiol
9290:Bolandiol
8849:-arginine
8834:Estradiol
8814:strontium
8810:magnesium
8798:aluminium
8765:YM-175735
8700:Ro 5-2537
8695:Ro 2-7239
8645:PF-998425
8640:Pentomone
8581:LG-120907
8541:Flutamide
8536:Fenarimol
8476:CH5137291
8415:Bakuchiol
8351:Topterone
8316:Prorenone
8291:Osaterone
8286:Nordinone
8271:Mexrenone
8191:Dienogest
8141:Canrenone
8062:TFM-4AS-1
8002:ORM-11984
7942:GSK-4336A
7932:GLPG-0492
7856:ZM-182345
7703:Gestodene
7691:Etynodiol
7447:Furazabol
7338:Enestebol
7266:Trendione
7227:Oxabolone
7153:Dienolone
7126:Bolandiol
7055:Nisterime
6809:Clostebol
6792:Boldenone
6622:0962-8452
6531:218765595
6477:247423338
6423:207939269
5462:240266384
5190:: 59–67.
5123:233290894
4617:198998658
4446:1018-5593
4395:224955435
3962:Molecules
3761:cite book
3586:CRC Press
3143:Nutrients
2766:0021-1753
2434:208186123
2034:half life
1991:(GPR30).
1954:aromatase
1935:estradiol
1885:estradiol
1797:sulfation
1736:5384-21-4
1628:1478-61-1
1610:Reactants
1564:Bisphenol
1543:ralaniten
1498:mixtures.
1447:machines.
1364:polyimide
1207:Main uses
1080:catalyzed
1048:estradiol
964:food cans
749:P403+P233
741:P333+P313
737:P308+P313
729:P304+P340
725:P302+P352
619:labelling
374:UN number
345:SL6300000
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11566:Monomers
11509:See also
11360:Daidzein
11247:See also
11049:p,p'-DDT
11040:Daidzein
11030:Atrazine
11003:Agonists
10931:RU-58668
10926:RU-39411
10773:U-11555A
10768:TZE-5323
10513:Anordrin
10508:Anordiol
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10418:parabens
10258:dieldrin
10230:nyasol (
10195:puerarin
10191:prunetin
10155:genistin
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10115:daidzein
10111:catechin
10099:baicalin
10091:apigenin
10021:anethole
9809:FERb 033
9645:Tibolone
9630:RU-16117
9615:Prodiame
9550:Hippulin
9545:Hexolame
9390:Estetrol
9300:Butolame
8990:Agonists
8900:See also
8787:Agonists
8760:YM-92088
8725:RU-58841
8720:RU-58642
8715:RU-57073
8710:RU-56187
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8586:LGD-1331
8511:Dieldrin
8505:p,p’-DDE
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8326:RU-15328
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8037:S-101479
8017:RU-59063
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7967:LGD-3303
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7947:GSK-8698
7846:Drupanol
7841:Cl-4AS-1
7781:Tibolone
6962:Bolazine
6705:Agonists
6640:35078359
6608:(1967).
6583:19528055
6523:32436328
6469:35288143
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6012:43509780
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5766:17761695
5724:14605012
5525:28 March
5491:28 March
5454:34910417
5421:28 March
5325:28 March
5297:23867546
5261:16079060
5212:23088708
5204:29104009
5115:33865140
5056:24467830
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4530:97146596
4495:98016356
4301:94255723
4175:21570349
4125:15889433
4090:11950052
4055:19627357
3994:28106795
3906:8 August
3726:44172964
3718:29807346
3669:15041297
3567:17559906
3434:19890158
3262:25475787
3221:27143250
3175:32092919
3124:49194096
3116:29898562
3067:28759120
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2954:12 April
2944:28368574
2892:21598963
2857:22889897
2810:10746941
2731:19337501
2677:21438738
2621:23 March
2540:34323825
2426:31743105
2321:98036316
2253:13528747
2245:18702564
2178:97284173
2083:See also
2047:goethite
2019:leachate
2015:leaching
1924:estrogen
1823:estrogen
1758:Exposure
1709:843-55-0
1655:620-92-8
1521:Deinking
1347:BT-Epoxy
1327:Plastics
1305:sealants
1293:acrylate
1283:to form
1232:phosgene
1098:form of
1040:estrogen
1025:plastics
959:estrogen
897:solvents
889:plastics
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610:Hazards
214:DrugBank
11385:XCT-790
11219:Unknown
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11094:GPER-L1
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10653:Menerba
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10638:LN-1643
10613:GW-7604
10568:D-15413
10400:(e.g.,
10392:(e.g.,
10378:(e.g.,
10362:Steroid
10334:(e.g.,
10316:(e.g.,
10294:(e.g.,
10252:(e.g.,
10244:cadmium
10242:(e.g.,
10220:(e.g.,
10218:Lignans
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10083:7,8-DHF
10081:(incl.
10067:(e.g.,
10045:(e.g.,
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9257:(e.g.,
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8856:-lysine
8844:(incl.
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8796:(incl.
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8437:(e.g.,
8226:EM-6537
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8211:EM-4350
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7747:(e.g.,
7720:(e.g.,
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6631:8790379
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5655:19 June
5624:EUR-Lex
5252:1280330
5083:Bibcode
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3696:Bibcode
3649:Bibcode
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3510:Bibcode
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3425:2774166
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2988:Bibcode
2924:Bibcode
2722:2661896
2668:3135059
2518:Bibcode
2281:14 June
2158:Bibcode
2039:Abiotic
1987:of the
1985:agonist
1927:agonist
1906:(ERs),
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1682:80-09-1
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1429:cadmium
1285:bis-GMA
1153:ethanol
1149:toluene
1068:acetone
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893:soluble
883:) is a
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603:5×10 Pa
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112:80-05-7
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11109:Kepone
10966:ERX-11
10936:SS1020
10844:ERB-88
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10743:SS1010
10668:MRL-37
10033:dianol
10002:ERB-79
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8779:GPRC6A
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8685:RD-162
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