174:, these inefficiencies can be addressed. While processing wastewater using this reactor, nitrification, denitrification, and organic matter removal all take place simultaneously in both aerobic and anaerobic conditions using multiple different microbes located on the anode of the system. Though the processing parameters of the reactor affect the overall composition of each microbe, genus
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change (ΔG) for microorganisms relates directly to the potential difference between the electron acceptor and the donor. However, inefficiencies like internal resistance will decrease this free energy change. The advantage of these devices is their high selectivity in high speed processes limited by kinetic factors.
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are reduced. Often soluble electron acceptors are depleted in the microbial environment. The microorganism can also maximize their energy by selecting a good electron donor that can be easily metabolized. These processes are done by extracellular electron transfer (EET). The theoretical free energy
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In 1911 M. Potter described how microbial conversions could create reducing power, and thus electric current. Twenty years later Cohen (1931) investigated the capacity of bacteria to produce an electrical flow and he noted that the main limitation is the small capacity of current generation in
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Currently, the investigation of bioelectrochemical reactors is increasing. These devices have real applications in fields like water treatment, energy production and storage, resources production, recycling and recovery.
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from an electron donor (lower potential species) to an electron acceptor (higher potential species). If the electron acceptor is an external ion or molecule, the process is called respiration. If the process is internal,
807:
Watanabe T, Jin HW, Cho KJ, Kuroda M (2004). "Application of a bio-electrochemical reactor process to direct treatment of metal pickling wastewater containing heavy metals and high strength nitrate".
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is called fermentation. The microorganism attempts to maximize their energy gain by selecting the electron acceptor with the highest potential available. In nature, mainly minerals containing iron or
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Sasaki K, Morita M, Sasaki D, Hirano S, Matsumoto N, Ohmura N, Igarashi Y (January 2011). "Methanogenic communities on the electrodes of bioelectrochemical reactors without membranes".
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Liang Q, Yamashita T, Koike K, Matsuura N, Honda R, Hara-Yamamura H, et al. (November 2020). "A bioelectrochemical-system-based trickling filter reactor for wastewater treatment".
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Liang Q, Yamashita T, Koike K, Matsuura N, Honda R, Hara-Yamamura H, et al. (November 2020). "A bioelectrochemical-system-based trickling filter reactor for wastewater treatment".
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Liang Q, Yamashita T, Koike K, Matsuura N, Honda R, Hara-Yamamura H, et al. (November 2020). "A bioelectrochemical-system-based trickling filter reactor for wastewater treatment".
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were able to transfer electrical charge by allowing bacteria to touch a metal or mineral surface. The research shows that it is possible to 'tether' bacteria directly to electrodes.
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processes are energy- and cost-inefficient due to sludge maintenance, aeration needs, and energy needs. By using a bioelectrochemical reactor that utilizes the concept of
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Kuntke P, Smiech KM, Bruning H, Zeeman G, Saakes M, Sleutels TH, et al. (May 2012). "Ammonium recovery and energy production from urine by a microbial fuel cell".
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Ghafari S, Hasan M, Aroua MK (2009). "Nitrate remediation in a novel upflow bio-electrochemical reactor (UBER) using palm shell activated carbon as cathode material".
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Krieg T, Sydow A, Schröder U, Schrader J, Holtmann D (December 2014). "Reactor concepts for bioelectrochemical syntheses and energy conversion".
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Krieg T, Sydow A, Schröder U, Schrader J, Holtmann D (December 2014). "Reactor concepts for bioelectrochemical syntheses and energy conversion".
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are passed to and from microbes to power reduction of protons, breakdown of organic waste, or other desired processes. They are used in
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Goel RK, Flora JR (2005). "Sequential
Nitrification and Denitrification in a Divided Cell Attached Growth Bioelectrochemical Reactor".
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Bioelectrochemical systems : from extracellular electron transfer to biotechnological application
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Bioelectrochemical systems : from extracellular electron transfer to biotechnological application
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210:, the player can build a bioreactor that serves the same purpose as a bioelectrochemical reactor.
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Bioelectrochemical reactors are finding an application in wastewater treatment settings. Current
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Clean
Electricity from Bacteria? Researchers Make Breakthrough in Race to Create 'Bio-Batteries'
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processes are used to degrade/produce organic materials using microorganisms. This
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Zhang X, Rabiee H, Frank J, Cai C, Stark T, Virdis B, et al. (2020-10-16).
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microorganisms. Berk and
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478:. New York: JohnWiley & Sons, Inc. pp. 267–291.
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Rabaey K, Angenent L, Schroder U, Keller J, eds. (2010).
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Rabaey K, Angenent L, Schroder U, Keller J, eds. (2010).
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295:. Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology.
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64:. Examples of bioelectrochemical reactors include
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472:Heijnen J.J.; Flickinger M.C.; Drew S.W. (1999).
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284:Krieg, Thomas; Madjarov, Joana (13 April 2018).
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100:. Microorganisms transfer
54:microbial electrosynthesis
32:has two compartments: The
18:Bioelectrochemical reactor
134:University of East Anglia
58:environmental remediation
126:Geobacter sulfurreducens
48:occurs. At these sites,
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346:Trends in Biotechnology
74:enzymatic biofuel cells
691:Bioresource Technology
645:Bioresource Technology
536:Bioresource Technology
149:(MFC) until the 60's.
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261:Electromethanogenesis
120:Shewanella oneidensis
231:Electrochemical cell
98:microbial metabolism
70:microbial fuel cells
847:Bioelectrochemistry
767:Electrochimica Acta
418:2012WatRe..46.2627K
221:Bioelectrochemistry
172:trickling filtering
147:microbial fuel cell
305:10.1007/10_2017_40
190:In popular culture
26:bioelectrochemical
485:978-0-471-13822-8
458:978-1-84339-233-0
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272:References
207:Subnautica
180:and genus
92:Principles
30:bioreactor
22:bioreactor
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177:Geobacter
102:electrons
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