Berlin Tempelhof Airport

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the equipment changes at the latter airport during the mid-to-late 1960s. Over this period, the French airline's market share halved from 9% to less than 5% despite having withdrawn from Tegel–Düsseldorf in summer 1964 and concentrated its limited resources on Tegel–Frankfurt and Tegel–Munich to maximise the competitive impact on the latter two routes. To reverse growing losses on its Berlin routes resulting from load factors as low as 30%, Air France decided to withdraw from the internal German market entirely and instead enter into a

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of the new terminal into a furnace and making it impossible to enter for several weeks. The raging inferno led the Soviet commander to order the lower levels to be flooded with water. With no functioning water supply in war-torn Berlin, this was only possible because the new terminal, which had suffered only slight war damage, had its own electricity and groundwater utility with underground reservoirs under the northerly forecourt of the new terminal close to the film shelter.

378: 1448: 1134: 2668: 1422: 6408: 1100:. Hence, American engineers built a new 6,000 ft (1,800 m) runway at Tempelhof between July and September 1948 and another between September and October 1948 to accommodate the expanding requirements of the airlift. The old airport terminal of 1927 was demolished in 1948 in order to create additional space for unloading more planes. The last airlift transport touched down at Tempelhof on 30 September 1949. 6420: 679:, wasn't a particularly large airport. The layout of the airport was relatively simple - two parallel runways oriented east–west (09/27 L/R), with a single oval taxiway around the airport, with the main terminal on the north-western segment of the airport. The runways are not comparatively long, either - versus Brandenburg's 3600m and 4000m runways which can easily handle intercontinental airliners like the 6285: 2318: 1314: 2831:, it was agreed to land on a Tempelhof runway. No one was injured during the emergency landing as the visitors of the now Tempelhofer Park scurried aside to make room for the TB 10, which came to a halt after a very short distance. Four days later, the Socata TB 10 Tobago was transported – with wings removed – by lorry back to Tegel airport. The 2526:. An area of 230 hectares (2.3 km) was to remain a park, but was planned to be landscaped with a rain water reservoir, a 60-meter artificial boulder, groves and other new features. Landscaping was supposed to begin in 2013 and be completed in time for Germany's world horticultural exhibition IGA that was to be hosted in the park in 2017. 2038:

load factors steadying while the third saw a slight increase.) The lower seat density in BEA's re-configured Viscounts combined with higher flight frequencies, superior catering and increased promotion proved insufficient to counter the appeal of Pan Am's new jets, which were laid out in a comparatively tight, 34 in (86 cm)

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from all over the city while complete aircraft engines were trucked to Tempelhof. Once the airframes were complete and the engines had been installed, the finished aircraft were flown out. The Luftwaffe did not use Tempelhof as a military airfield during World War II, except for occasional emergency landings by fighter aircraft.

1221:, the presence of American forces in Berlin ended. The USAF 7350th Air Base Group at Tempelhof was inactivated in June 1993. In July 1994, with President Clinton in attendance, the British, French, and American air and land forces in Berlin were deactivated in a ceremony on the Four Ring Parade field at McNair Barracks. The 586:-style roof extending over the apron, able to accommodate most contemporary airliners in the 1950s, 1960s and early 1970s, protecting passengers from the elements. Tempelhof Airport's main building was once among the twenty largest buildings on earth, but it also formerly contained the world's smallest 2792:

was hijacked en route and forced to land at Tempelhof. Jerzy Dygas, the hijacker, was on military service while taking over the aircraft. He was armed with a grenade and a single-shot pistol. The US military authorities arrested the hijacker on arrival and handed him over to the local police. At that

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The referendum of 27 April 2008 failed. Although 60.2% of the votes cast were for keeping the airport open, this was by only 21.7% of the eligible voters; short of the 25% required. Support had been highest in western districts of Berlin (up to 80%), but opposition (only 30% approval) and disinterest

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fighter planes in the still unfurnished main hall and hangars 3 to 7 of the new terminal, which were supplied by a railway and trucks via a connecting tunnel. Hangars 1 and 2 were not used to assemble aircraft as these were already used by Luft Hansa for its own planes. Aircraft parts were brought in

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Zentralflughafen Tempelhof-Berlin had the advantage of a central location just minutes from the Berlin city centre and quickly became one of the world's busiest airports. Tempelhof saw its greatest pre-war days during 1938–1939, when up to 52 foreign and 40 domestic flights arrived and departed daily

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Pan Am's move put BEA at a considerable competitive disadvantage, especially on the busy Berlin–Frankfurt route where the former out-competed the latter with both modern jet planes as well as a higher flight frequency. BEA responded to Pan Am's competitive threat by increasing the Berlin-based fleet

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layout. The subsequent introduction of subsidies for all scheduled internal German services from/to West Berlin resulted in steady network growth as well as service frequency and passenger load increases. To cope with the sharply higher traffic volumes, aircraft seat densities were increased twice –

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An initiative for a nonbinding referendum against the closure was held and failed, after the initial number of signatures required were collected. According to the constitution of the state of Berlin, the number of supportive signatures that were required to be collected within four months in order

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Air France, West Berlin's third scheduled carrier, which had suffered a continuous traffic decline ever since the transfer of Berlin operations to more distant Tegel at the beginning of 1960 due to Tempelhof's operational limitations that made it unsuitable for its Caravelles, was worst affected by

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During their search, they blew up the fortified entrance to a three-level bomb shelter for celluloid films of the Hansa Luftbild GmbH, a Luft Hansa subsidiary specialising in aerial photography. The explosion immediately ignited the celluloid, turning the film shelter under the northern office wing

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museum in the old terminal building, commercial space for innovative businesses, new housing and industrial areas, sports facilities, and parks. Legally the decision in favour of closure at the end of October 2008 was irrevocable and the referendum was nonbinding. A subsequent reopening would have

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on the bulk of its internal German services from/to West Berlin, its market share rose from 58% to 68%. Despite the huge increase in capacity over the DC-6B (128 vs. 87 seats), load factors dropped during the first year of operations only. (Pan Am's second year of jet operations from Tempelhof saw

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routes. These came into effect on 1 March 1962 for all tickets sold in Germany, including Berlin. (To qualify for the subsidised rate under this system, the passenger was required to purchase a round-trip ticket for a scheduled internal German flight from/to West Berlin in Germany. Once he/she had

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restrictions on the carriage of local civilians on commercial airline services from/to West Berlin were lifted. It entailed transferring responsibility for processing all commercial flights to West Berlin's city government, including the operation and maintenance of associated passenger, cargo and

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In August 2009, Berlin city officials announced that the Tempelhof outfields would be opened in May 2010 as a city park. The city planned to spend an estimated €60 million on developing the park from 2010 to 2017. On the weekend of 8/9 May 2010, the outfield was festively opened as Berlin's

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jetliners. Although these aircraft could operate from Tempelhof's short runways with a restricted payload, they were not suited to the airline's ultra short-haul operation from Berlin (average stage length: 230 mi (370 km)) given the high fuel consumption of the Comet, especially when

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A subsequent inspection of the aircraft's damage at Tempelhof revealed that it had been hit by 89 shots fired from the Soviet MiGs during the preceding air attack. There were no fatalities among the 17 occupants (six crew, 11 passengers) despite the severity of the attack. The Soviet military

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The introduction of Pan Am's 727s to the Berlin market represented a major step change because of the aircraft's ability to carry more passengers than any other contemporary aircraft type used by scheduled carriers in the short-haul Berlin market, and its ability to take off from and land on

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seating configuration. This resulted in BEA's market share declining from 38% at the beginning of this period to 27% at its end. On the other hand, BEA's reduced capacity in the domestic air travel market between West Berlin and West Germany enabled it to attain higher load factors than its

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East Germany's relaxation of border controls affecting all surface transport modes between West Berlin and West Germany across its territory from 1972 onwards resulted in a decline of scheduled internal German air traffic from/to West Berlin. This was further compounded by the

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noticed children lingering near the fence line of the airport and wanted to share something with them. He eventually started dropping candy by parachute just before landing. His efforts were expanded by other pilots and eventually became a part of legend in the city of Berlin.

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of airports, all German civil aviation was halted on 2 September 1939, but gradually restarted from 1 November. However, the 1927-built terminal remained closed to all civil aviation, and all civilian aircraft movements to and from Berlin were transferred to an airfield in

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had to perform an emergency landing on the now closed Tempelhof Airport due to engine failure. It was on a sightseeing flight and the pilot was looking for a free space to land safely. The aircraft was occupied by the pilot and three passengers and had taken off from

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The building complex was designed to resemble an eagle in flight with semicircular hangars forming the bird's spread wings. A 1.6-kilometre-long (1 mi) hangar roof was to have been laid in tiers to form a stadium for spectators at air and ground demonstrations.

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The referendum was held on 27 April 2008. All eligible voters received an information brochure along with their notification. A majority of the votes was necessary to support the referendum, but this had to be at least one quarter of all eligible Berlin voters.

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million passengers (out of a total of 6.12 million passengers for all West Berlin airports during that year). This represented more than 90% of West Berlin's commercial air traffic and made its iconic city centre airport Germany's second-largest. With

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A "Goodbye Tempelhof" gala was held at Tempelhof airport for eight hundred invited guests in the last hours of 30 October. Meanwhile, protesters against the closing held a candle vigil in front on the Platz der Lufbrücke. The last commercial flight was a

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to Tempelhof, thus concentrating all West Berlin air services at Berlin's iconic city centre airport. BEA's move to Tempelhof resulted in a significant increase in passenger numbers, as well as an increase in its Berlin-based fleet to six Douglas DC-3s.

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On 20 June 1948, Soviet authorities, claiming technical difficulties, halted all traffic by land and by water into or out of the western-controlled sectors of Berlin. The only remaining access routes into the city were three 20 mi (32 km)-wide

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while passing through one of the Allied air corridors over East Germany. Although the attack had severely damaged the plane, necessitating the shutdown of engines number three and four, the pilot in command of the aircraft managed to carry out a safe

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in 2015 and from 2017 to 2023. There are plans hold it again in 2024. In 2020 due to COVID-19, there were held 6 rounds on the circuit with rounds 1 and 2 going on the reverse layout and rounds 5 and 6 having the extended layout for the first time.

1202:, both by land and air, continued to cause tension. Throughout the Cold War years, Tempelhof was the main terminal for American military transport aircraft accessing West Berlin. In 1969 one of the pilots during the Berlin Airlift, and the original 2246:, the airline conducted its training for Berlin-based flight deck crews at Tempelhof between 1968 and 1974. The latter was also the US supplemental's (and other Tegel-based operators') designated diversion airport in bad weather in the Tegel area. 668:, United States, to participate in that year's "Day of Open House" static exhibition. These events respectively marked the debut at Tempelhof of the largest aircraft in commercial airline service at the time and the then-largest aircraft overall. 2383:

citing primarily the need for an inner-city airport for business and private flyers as well as nostalgic reasons. Representatives from the ICAT suggested keeping the airport open up until Schönefeld Airport was to be completed in about 2012. The

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initially to 84 and subsequently 87 seats.) This fleet eventually grew to 17 aircraft, which gave Pan Am the biggest aircraft fleet among the three main scheduled operators flying from West Berlin. It furthermore enabled it to compensate for the

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with BEA. This arrangement entailed the latter taking over the former's two remaining German domestic routes to Frankfurt and Munich and operating these with its own aircraft and flightdeck crews from Tempelhof. It also entailed repainting the

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holders of supplemental air carrier certificates authorised to operate non-scheduled passenger and cargo services to supplement the scheduled operations of air carriers ( airlines holding these certificates are also known as "nonskeds" in the

1911:'s ability to operate from Tempelhof's short runways. Pan Am indicated its intention to place an order for six 727s for its Berlin operation, as a result of the aircraft using only half the 5,900 ft (1,800 m) runway during landing. 3008:(PIA), with the aircraft's Pakistani registration AP-ATK and PIA titles being both temporarily replaced with British registration G-ATNA and BEA titles to comply with contemporary Allied access restrictions on air transport in West Berlin 1682:

By 1954, a year that saw 671,555 passengers pass through the airport, Tempelhof had established itself as the third-busiest airport in Europe. From 6 June of that year, Pan Am. began re-equipping its Tempelhof-based fleet with larger,

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moved their entire Berlin operation to the newly built terminal at Tegel Airport. Following Pan Am's and British Airways's move to Tegel, commercial operations at Tempelhof ceased, resulting in exclusive use by the US military.

2074:, i.e. primarily the rapidly growing number of inclusive tour charter flights, were concentrated at Tegel to alleviate increasing congestion at Tempelhof and to make better use of Tegel, which was underutilised at the time. 2012:

Tempelhof's short runways with a full commercial payload as only light fuel loads were required on the short internal German services. Compared with BEA, Pan Am's 727s carried 20% more passengers than the British carrier's

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attached, who was dealing with commercial aviation matters in West Berlin;the three Allied Air Attachés jointly exercised sole responsibility for commercial aviation in West Berlin on behalf of the governments of the

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resulted in Pan Am establishing a growing presence at Tempelhof. (In addition to continuing AOA's original, multistop Berlin – New York route and dedicated internal German services connecting Berlin with Frankfurt,

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were left stranded at the airport, as weather conditions prevented them from taking off on 30 October. They were allowed to take off on 24 November 2008, making them the last aircraft to take off from the airport.

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operating at the mandatory 10,000 ft (3,000 m) altitude inside the Allied air corridors. This measure was therefore only a stopgap until most of BEA's Berlin fleet was equipped with 97-seat, single-class

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carried 80 tons of food into Tempelhof, far less than the estimated 4,500 tons of food, coal and other essential supplies needed daily to maintain a minimum level of existence. But this force was soon augmented by

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Tempelhof has been used since its closing to host numerous fairs and events. The first major events included a fashion tradeshow in July and the Berlin Festival 2009 concert in August. Fairs were held in the

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million passengers, Pan Am accounted for the bulk of this traffic while almost all of the remaining 2 million accrued to BEA. 1971 was also the year the latter's last Berlin-based Viscount departed the city.

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seats in a four-abreast layout instead of 66, five-abreast economy seats. In addition, BEA sought to differentiate itself from its main competitor by providing a superior in-flight catering standard. (BEA's

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was ordered to replace the old terminal with a new terminal building in 1934. The airport halls and the adjoining buildings, intended to become the gateway to Europe and a symbol of Hitler's "world capital"

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of up to 20% for all internal German scheduled air services from and to West Berlin to help the airlines cope with the resulting falloff in traffic and maintain an economically viable operation on these

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In a 2014 Referendum, Berlin's citizens decided to preserve the entire space of the park and prohibit any kind of development by law, thus putting an end to both construction and landscaping plans.

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on 28 and 29 April 1945 in the closing days of the war in Europe. Soviet forces combed through the old and the new terminal searching for treasures, hidden places and documents, opening all rooms.

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Tempelhof was often called the "City Airport". In its later years, it mostly had commuter flights to other parts of Germany and neighbouring countries; but it had in the past received long-haul,

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minister Wissmann established the so-called "Consensus resolution". The entire planning aimed at concentrating domestic and international air traffic in Berlin and Brandenburg at one airport:

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now intends to prohibit sightseeing flights over Berlin by single-engine planes for safety reasons. It has been reported that the pilot had forgotten to switch over to the second fuel tank.

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to compel a referendum amounts to 7% of the population of Berlin entitled to vote – 169,784. After the four-month period for the collection of signatures 203,408 signatures had been lodged.

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By 1964, BEA operated up to 20,000 flights each year from and to Berlin. These represented approximately half of the airline's total yearly flights to/from Germany and generated profits of

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was prevalent in the eastern districts. Voter turnout of 36% was low. Air traffic at Tempelhof Airport ceased for good on 30 October and the official licence expired in mid-December.

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The Red Bull Air Race World Championship by Red Bull, featuring aerial obstacle courses which pilots have to navigate under high velocity forces, was held at the airport in 2006.

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protection as well as to fend off opposition to Schönefeld International's expansion, it was mandated that first Tempelhof and then Tegel must be closed. On 4 December 2007, the

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On 18 March 1966, Pan Am became the first airline to commence regular, year-round jet operations from Tempelhof with the first examples of a brand-new fleet of an initial eight

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From then on, several of the new, wholly privately owned UK independent airlines and US supplemental carriers started regular air services to Tempelhof from the UK, the US and

2423:. "Time to Say Goodbye" was sung to the spectators on the apron at the conclusion. At precisely four and a half minutes before midnight, the last two airplanes – a historical 5665: 1829:

checked-in at the airport, the airline collected a coupon attached to his/her ticket, which was subsequently handed in to the relevant German authorities for reimbursement.)

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raced on the airport runways in 2015, 2017, 2018, 2020, 2021, 2022 and 2023 - with the 2020 edition hosting 6 races in a nine-day period to complete the 2019/20 season. The

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was held on 27 April 2008 against the impending closure but failed due to low voter turnout. The former airfield has subsequently been used as a recreational space known as

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hijacker on arrival. Following the hijacker's arrest, the US authorities returned the aircraft, its crew and those passengers who wished to resume their journey to Poland.

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became the first aircraft to operate a scheduled all-cargo service from West Berlin. This service linked Tempelhof with Rhein-Main Airport once-nightly, all year round.

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at the time, Flug-Union acted as a West Berlin consolidator for the big West German tour companies Neckermann (then part of the eponymous department store chain) and

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Most airlines moved to Tegel or Schönefeld in the years before Tempelhof closed down. When it was actually closed down in 2008 there were only scheduled flights from

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from Tempelhof. These carried both inbound tourists from the US, the UK and other countries as well as local outbound tourists to the emerging holiday resorts in the

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Other possible uses for Tempelhof have been discussed, and many people are trying to keep the airport buildings preserved. In September 2015, in the midst of the

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began an enormous reconstruction in the mid-1930s. While it was occasionally cited as the world's oldest operating commercial airport, the title was disputed by

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music. There were over 30,000 visitors on each day of the festival. Shortly after the festival concluded, it was confirmed that the event would return in 2023.

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The 852nd Engineer Aviation Battalion arrived at Tempelhof (Code Number R-95) on 10 July 1945 and conducted the original repairs in the new terminal. After the

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Berlin Airport Company (Berliner Flughafen Gesellschaft ) – Monthly Timetable Booklet for Berlin Tempelhof and Berlin Tegel Airports, several issues, 1965–1975

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Flughafen Berlin-Tempelhof. Die amerikanische Geschichte | Tempelhof Central Airport. The American Story | Aéroport de Berlin-Tempelhof. L'histoire américaine

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in front of the airport, displaying the names of the 39 British and 31 American pilots who died during the operation, and symbolising the three air corridors

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Historic Airports. Proceedings of the International "L'Europe de l'Air" Conferences on Aviation Architecture Liverpool (1999), Berlin (2000), Paris (2001)

1245:?) with three Hiller OH-23A Raven helicopters at Tempelhof. Over the years it became known as the Berlin Brigade Aviation Detachment (BBDE Avn.Det.). The 2547: 1679:, which was damaged beyond repair on 30 October 1961 at Frankfurt Rhein-Main Airport at the end of a passenger flight that had originated at Tempelhof.) 4556: 2647:), AIRSHIP Air Service, Bizair Fluggesellschaft, Business Air Charter, Heli Unionair, Jet Club Deutschland Chartermanagement, Private Wings, Rotorflug, 312: 7318: 2067:, operated its first scheduled service from Berlin on 1 September 1968. It began replacing the airline's Berlin-based Viscounts from 17 November 1968. 939: 2748:

authorities defended this attack on an unarmed civilian aircraft by claiming the Air France plane was outside the air corridor at the time of attack.

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of 70% on its eight scheduled internal routes from Berlin, making the airline's Berlin routes the most profitable in its worldwide scheduled network.

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government insisted on the closure of the airport for legal, long-term economic, and environmental reasons, in particular to ensure the expansion of

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and flying kites. The opening ceremonies were slightly marred by some protesters unhappy about the fence that closed off the park during the night.

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piston-engined equipment, shifted its entire Berlin operation to Tegel because Tempelhof's runways were too short to permit the introduction of the

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Berlin Airport Company – Airline Portrait – British Airways, February 1975 Monthly Timetable Booklet for Berlin Tempelhof and Berlin Tegel Airports

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when bad weather at the destination forced it to return to Berlin. Although the accident damaged the aircraft beyond repair, both pilots survived.

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1960 was also the year Pan Am withdrew its last DC-4 from Tempelhof. As a result, all of the airline's Berlin routes were exclusively served with

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Tempelhof also became famous as the location of Operation Little Vittles: the dropping of candy to children living near the airport. The original

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On 21 April 1945, Deutsche Luft Hansa operated its last scheduled flights, and over the coming days laid on additional non-scheduled flights from

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services with the following operators flying from/to there: AAF Aviona Air, Air Service Berlin (scheduled sightseeing flights using a historic "

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of the two main protagonists plying the internal German routes from Berlin – estimated to be worth £15–20 million in annual revenues – the

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was hijacked and forced to land at Tempelhof. The US military authorities who were in charge of Tempelhof during the Cold War era arrested the

769:, because the rebuilding of the airport in the 1930s required the airport access to be moved to a major intersection with a station now called 1668:-engined airliners from other operators to boost capacity, following a steady increase in the airline's passenger loads. (This included an ex- 6452: 4286: 3107: 1971:, one of the first jet aircraft with a short-field capability. These aircraft were configured in a single class featuring 128 economy seats. 1514:

on 18 May 1946. This was followed by AOA's inauguration of West Berlin's first dedicated domestic air link between Tempelhof and Frankfurt's

5876: 2507:, a company that also looks after several other gated parks in Berlin. About 80% of the former airfield is an important habitat for several 908:, where Luft Hansa had relocated its headquarters. Two days later, on 23 April, the airline's last-ever flight to depart Tempelhof left for 7253: 5605: 3862:

Berlin Airport Company – Airline Portrait – Air France, March 1975 Monthly Timetable Booklet for Berlin Tempelhof and Berlin Tegel Airports

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executive aircraft. In 1985, the airline converted the Tempelhof–Paderborn corporate shuttle into a full-fledged scheduled service using a

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came to Germany, the airport would have been the site of the contest if Berlin was chosen as the host city. Later, Düsseldorf was chosen.

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On 1 March 1960, Pan Am launched its second dedicated scheduled all-cargo flight from Berlin, linking Tempelhof with Hamburg Fuhlsbüttel.

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at that time. As a forerunner of today's modern airports, the building was designed with many unique features, including giant arc-shaped

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Berlin Airport Company – Airline Portrait – Pan Am, January 1975 Monthly Timetable Booklet for Berlin Tempelhof and Berlin Tegel Airports

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whose main factories and offices were located in Paderborn and West Berlin respectively. Tempelhof Airways's initial equipment comprised

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Tempelhof Airport closed all operations on 30 October 2008, despite the efforts of some protesters to prevent the closure. A non-binding

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introduced a plan to open the outer zones of the Tempelhof fields for construction of apartment and commercial buildings, and a new

1707:, which featured a more spacious 66-seat single-class seating arrangement, soon replaced the older series 701 aircraft. The greater 942:

and their entourage landed at Tempelhof airport. At the beginning of May, Weser Flugzeugbau opened a workshop in hangar 7 to repair

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service included complimentary hot meals on all flights whereas Pan Am merely offered free on-board snacks. Sections of the local

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Entrance is free with park hours being from 6/7/7.30 a.m., depending on the season, until sunset. The grounds are maintained by

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The grass runways usual in Germany until then could not cope with the great demand, and a subsequently built runway containing

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the temporary use of Comet 4Bs on BEA's Berlin routes enabled Viscount crews to undergo conversion training on the One-Eleven

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demonstrator. This included a number of takeoffs and landings at Tempelhof to test the aircraft's short-field performance.

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Aeroplane – Late News (Commercial), BAC One-Elevens are to take over trooping flights between the UK and Germany ...

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closed its Berlin Army Aviation Detachment at TCA in August 1994, ending a 49-year American military presence in Berlin.

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Berlin Airport Company – Summary of 1978 Annual Report, February 1979 Monthly Timetable Booklet for Berlin Tegel Airport

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mail handling facilities. These changes gave a major boost to West Berlin's fledgeling post-war scheduled air services.

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operator that began as a consortium of 70 West Berlin travel agents arranging IT flights to holiday resorts in Europe.

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joined Pan Am at Tempelhof. Air France resumed operations to Tempelhof following their cessation during the war years.

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AOA was the only commercial operator at Tempelhof to maintain its full flying programme for the entire duration of the

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on 8 October 1923. The old terminal was originally constructed in 1927. In anticipation of increasing air traffic, the

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and their dependants as well as essential raw materials, finished goods manufactured in West Berlin and refugees from

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Following the end of the Berlin Blockade, AOA launched additional dedicated scheduled services linking Tempelhof with

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at Tempelhof on 12 May 1998, to commemorate the 49th anniversary of the end of the Berlin Blockade on 12 May 1949.

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had leased the aircraft to Pan Am for a special flight from Frankfurt to Berlin to demonstrate to the airline the

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The end of the Cold War and German reunification opened Tempelhof for non-allied air traffic on 3 October 1990.

765: 7308: 7288: 6743: 6602: 6224: 5365: 5326: 5299: 5284: 2284: 1861: 1734: 1159: 793:, are still known as one of the largest built entities worldwide, and have been described by British architect 6984: 6833: 5717: 5126:

Berlin Airport Company, November 1971 Monthly Timetable Booklet for Berlin Tempelhof and Berlin Tegel Airports

5031:

Berlin Airport Company, November 1972 Monthly Timetable Booklet for Berlin Tempelhof and Berlin Tegel Airports

2988: 645:

to participate in the static exhibition of contemporary military, non-combat and civil aircraft at the annual

7147: 7102: 7077: 7033: 6884: 6813: 6788: 6748: 6572: 6309: 6220: 5380: 2154: 1762: 1344: 1085:, USAF – at Tempelhof. To facilitate the command and control, as well as the unloading of aircraft, the USAF 1016: 774: 5574: 4213: 3732: 1773:

that would have permitted them to land safely on Tempelhof's short runways with a full commercial payload.)

1074: 961:

as part of the American occupation sector of Berlin. This agreement was later formalised by the August 1945

370: 6967: 6763: 6438: 4450:

Berlin Airport Company, April 1968 Monthly Timetable Booklet for Berlin Tempelhof and Berlin Tegel Airports

3329: 2898: 2562: 2243: 2199: 2187:

prices led to a further drop in demand. This in turn resulted in a major contraction of Pan Am's and BEA's/

2071: 1957: 1915: 575: 305: 6864: 6723: 4008: 3084: 2992: 2828: 2710: 877:

until 7 March 1940, when the 1927 terminal was reopened and civil aviation continued until 24 April 1945.

537: 7577: 7159: 6828: 6773: 6758: 6612: 6461: 5278:

Official page of the State of Berlin: see Article 63 (1), second sentence of the Berlin constitution

5256: 3448: 2207: 2099:

motif. The Air France-BEA joint venture became operational in spring 1969 and terminated in autumn 1972.

1086: 548: 6042: 6017: 5191: 5152: 5104: 5071: 5046: 5006: 4981: 4956: 4921: 4906: 4891: 4864: 4844: 4745: 4625: 4581: 4422: 4397: 4372: 4323: 4188: 4163: 4071: 3959: 3659: 3605: 1975:

to 13 Viscounts by winter 1966/7 to enable it to offer higher frequencies. This entailed re-configuring

7582: 7278: 6818: 6557: 6486: 6398: 6373:

An era ends with closing of Berlin Airport, Spiegel Online-Report of Christina Hebel on NRC Handelsblad

2920: 2854: 2558: 2393: 2306: 1491: 1481: 1437: 1377: 860: 635: 541: 205: 6798: 6672: 5344: 5218: 4942: 3249:"Refugee crisis: Europe's borders unravelling as Austria and Slovakia impose frontier controls – live" 1979:

in a lower-density seating arrangement, as a result of which the refurbished cabins featured only 53,

1730: 1703:

aircraft, in a high-density 63-seat single class seating arrangement. Up to ten new, state-of-the-art

832:

The new air terminal was designed as headquarters for Deutsche Luft Hansa (moved in 1938), the German

748:. In 1909, French aviator Armand Zipfel made the first flight demonstration in Tempelhof, followed by 656:

The Galaxy had its first appearance at Tempelhof on 17 September 1971, when an aircraft of the USAF's

7263: 7236: 7186: 7021: 6692: 6617: 6547: 7211: 6390: 5813: 3745: 2680: 7509: 7410: 7248: 6301: 5642:[Record number of skylarks at Tempelhofer Feld: Protected zones in effect starting April]. 2770: 2250: 1948:

demonstrator aircraft for evaluation by BEA. A week later, on 29 January, BEA began evaluating the

1800:'s lack of sophistication with higher frequencies than its competitors, thereby attaining a higher 1540: 1455: 1289: 1144: 1012: 977: 973: 923:

Rudolf Böttger, refused to carry out orders to blow up the base, choosing instead to kill himself.

223: 6753: 5410:

BBI Press release: Berlin Airports welcome BBI decision by the Federal Constitutional Court on BBI

4296: 3279: 1078: 7313: 6889: 6552: 2617: 2569: 2404:

faced high legal barriers; but some legal experts claimed there may be means to circumvent this.

2235: 1926: 1716: 1336: 1254: 1148: 802: 790: 752:

later that same year. Tempelhof was first officially designated as an airport on 8 October 1923.

695: 650: 107: 7132: 5602: 3188: 3120: 1093: 1027: 801:, the terminal building, built between 1936 and 1941, forms a 1.2-kilometre-long (0.75 mi) 529: 152: 7323: 7117: 6808: 6768: 5992: 5966: 4046: 3923:

Classic Aircraft (Gone but not forgotten ... BEA: Internal German Services – Berlin-bound)

2725: 2047: 2013: 1984: 1888: 1841: 1788: 1780: 1754: 1746: 1687: 1591: 1498:, inaugurated the first commercial air link serving Tempelhof after the war with a flight from 1462: 1452: 1440: 1429: 1411: 1324: 969: 897: 683:, Tempelhof has two runways at 2094m (09R/27L) and 1840m (09L/27R), which can, at most, handle 540:

as the two main airports serving the city for another twelve years until both were replaced by

295: 6848: 6622: 5243:. Press release of the Federal Administrative Court of Germany, 4 December 2007 (available at 4667:(The Hawker Siddeley Trident: German internal services), p. 38, Key Publishing, Stamford, 2014 4542: 4466: 2565:

executives were also discussing with government officials about hosting a round at Tempelhof.

2511:

birds, plants and insects. Usage of the park is seasonally restricted to limit disturbance of

2305:

flying regionally. Plans had been in place to shut down Tempelhof and Tegel, and make the new

1852:

licensed to operate a series of regular charter flights from West Berlin. It used Vikings and

7476: 7389: 7353: 6592: 6582: 5467: 2614: 2172: 2084: 2060: 1832:

By the early 1960s, a number of UK independents and US supplementals began operating regular

1809: 1297: 229: 7241: 6496: 3368: 3047:

from a peak of 11% of all West Berlin scheduled air traffic prior to the move from Tempelhof

2277: 1783:

as of 27 June of that year. Although the DC-6B was a less advanced aircraft than either the

1533: 7466: 7461: 7293: 7283: 7196: 6974: 6869: 6491: 6382: 5769: 4679:(The Hawker Siddeley Trident: photographic captions), p. 40, Key Publishing, Stamford, 2014 3149:[Closure on November 8th: The last flight from Tegel is with Air France to Paris]. 2954: 2824: 2291: 2239: 1997: 1684: 1643: 1573: 1281: 1218: 661: 533: 6339: 2814:

The former 27L runway where the Socata TB 10 Tobago had landed in 2010 (aerial view, 2022)

2218:

who crewed the flight decks of the airline's 727 fleet, which at the time operated out of

1941: 8: 7519: 7273: 6894: 6879: 6707: 6677: 6567: 5540: 4047:"ASN Aircraft accident Vickers 736 Viscount G-AODH Frankfurt International Airport (FRA)" 3147:"TXL-Schließung am 8. November: Der letzte Flug von Tegel geht mit Air France nach Paris" 2971: 2752: 2439: 2265: 1853: 1808:

market than its rivals. During that period, Pan Am moreover achieved an ultra short-haul

1658: 1630:, who were still able to freely enter the city prior to the construction of the infamous 1392: 1332: 1293: 1285: 1273: 1070: 994: 844:. For passengers and freight, the 1927-built terminal stayed in use until 24 April 1945. 753: 672: 556: 199: 7338: 3056:

Air France had already discontinued Berlin–Nuremberg services prior to its move to Tegel

2941: 2557:

fair, the main event preparation to runners, was held at Tempelhof every September. The

2238:. Another airline that used Tempelhof to train its flightdeck crews was US supplemental 1845: 840:. Although under construction for more than ten years, it was never finished because of 7191: 7176: 7038: 7016: 6823: 6348: 3193: 1980: 1738: 1580:, widely available at the time due to the large number of war-surplus C-54 Skymasters. 1469: 1426: 1340: 1266: 1262: 1246: 1047: 1022: 951: 810: 657: 525: 517: 277: 7399: 7043: 6183:

Aircraft Illustrated Airport Profile – Berlin-Tempelhof , Vol. 42, No. 1, January 2009

2575:

The defunct airport is intended to be known as "Berlin Creative District", similar to

2451: 2039: 1406: 818: 49: 7504: 7384: 7348: 7082: 6843: 6838: 6697: 6607: 6597: 6516: 6501: 6245: 6230: 6202: 6168: 6150: 5864: 5590: 5512: 4482: 4472: 3996:

Aeroplane – World Transport Affairs, B.E.A. leases B.O.A.C. DC-7Cs for Berlin flights

3716: 3588: 3567: 3543: 3519: 3498: 3477: 2849: 2759: 2755: 2741: 2625: 2302: 2257: 2163: 2147: 2063:

to regain ground lost to Pan Am's 727s. The new One-Eleven 500, which BEA called the

1642:

would subsequently play an important role in developing commercial air services from

1515: 1495: 1395: 1082: 962: 889: 881: 583: 509: 501: 262: 72: 61: 7363: 7298: 7065: 6803: 6587: 2810: 2375:(ICAT) along with a couple of opposition parties in the Berlin city parliament: the 1552:, between 1955 and 1959, Pan Am commenced regular, year-round scheduled services to 603:. In September 2015, it was announced that Tempelhof would also become an emergency 7201: 7060: 7011: 6989: 6733: 6728: 6562: 6537: 6271: 5668:[Senator Müller presented „Masterplan Tempelhofer Freiheit“ (March 2013)]. 5480: 5451: 2844: 2832: 2736: 2714: 2591: 2580: 2519: 2512: 2493: 2486: 2325: 2253: 1784: 1742: 1708: 947: 928: 913: 759:

The old terminal, originally constructed in 1927, became the world's first with an

599: 462: 445: 268: 6687: 2676: 2179:. The resulting fare increases that were intended to recover the airlines' higher 1476: 980:, these opened in February 1946, enabling civil aviation at Tempelhof to restart. 634:. The first of these three first appeared at Tempelhof on 18 September 1976, when 7471: 7431: 7421: 7394: 7333: 7231: 7164: 7142: 6738: 6657: 6542: 6506: 6424: 6313: 5801: 5627: 5609: 5578: 5434: 5428:

Official results of the referendum published by the municipal election supervisor

5416: 5351: 5263: 5225: 5163: 4291: 2763: 2629: 2554: 2413: 2400: 2227: 2215: 2188: 2176: 2088: 1892: 1884: 1805: 1770: 1733:, which had served Düsseldorf, Frankfurt, Munich, Nuremberg and its main base at 1529: 1522: 1503: 1250: 1051: 1003: 989: 733: 631: 627: 571: 493: 283: 256: 7048: 6914: 5181:), Vol. 24, No. 03, Iss. 255, p. 65, Airways International Inc., Miami, May 2017 3684: 2355:) made the final decision as court of last instance to close Tempelhof Airport. 40: 7436: 7127: 7055: 6999: 6962: 6783: 6682: 6667: 6577: 6532: 6511: 6412: 5772:[Law for the preservation of the Tempelhof fields, dated Jun 14 2014]. 2758:(registration: G-AICM) operating a non-scheduled cargo flight from West Berlin 2640: 2428: 2329: 2180: 1976: 1968: 1949: 1919: 1896: 1880: 1876: 1872: 1833: 1650: 1627: 1484: 1207: 1110: 1059: 785: 749: 587: 579: 241: 7416: 3385: 1844:-based UK independent Overseas Aviation (CI) was among the first airlines the 1572:

from Tempelhof.) Pan Am's initial equipment for its new Berlin operation were

247: 7546: 7529: 7524: 7258: 7226: 7181: 7137: 7112: 7107: 6994: 6662: 6632: 6257:"A multifaceted monument – the complex heritage of Tempelhof Central Airport" 6154: 4486: 2975: 2781: 2508: 2465: 2424: 2079: 2004:(Dinner or Jet?) battle.) Henceforth, the airline marketed these services as 1857: 1837: 1792: 1669: 1603: 1499: 1258: 1066: 1042: 999: 885: 760: 741: 676: 327: 314: 4373:"west berlin – british airways – west german – 1982 – 2275 – Flight Archive" 1825: 1549: 901: 7426: 7358: 7122: 6979: 6778: 6652: 6627: 6363: 5345:

Official public information brochure of the pros and cons of the referendum

5219:

Official public information brochure of the pros and cons of the referendum

3305:"Photos: Lockheed L-1011-385-1 TriStar 1 Aircraft Pictures - Airliners.net" 3221: 2937: 2859: 2774: 2648: 2644: 2473: 2435: 2287: 2273: 2046:

From August 1968, BEA supplemented its Tempelhof-based Viscount fleet with

2034: 1900: 1865: 1816: 1801: 1797: 1758: 1723: 1639: 1623: 1615: 1611: 1577: 1433: 1380: 1222: 1105: 1097: 958: 924: 841: 833: 781: 639: 604: 563: 4718:, Vol. 116, No. 2972, pp. 4, 5, 6, 8, Temple Press, London, 2 October 1968 2234:

routes from Berlin and intra-European feeder routes serving Frankfurt and

7514: 7499: 7169: 7087: 7072: 7006: 6359:

Ein kleiner Verein der sich mit den Fahrzeugen der Alliierten beschaftigt

6342:

A representation of the historical development from 1870 until this day.

5944:"Tempelhof Sounds will also take place in 2023 - World News | TakeToNews" 5244: 4939:"History & heritage – Explore our past: 1960–1969 (17 November 1968)" 4522: 3733:

http://www.theberlinobserver.com/archive/1971V27/V27_N19_may14.pdf%7CPage

2416: 2103: 1953: 1631: 1459: 1214: 1199: 1123: 814: 745: 688: 582:

of 1948–49. One of the airport's most distinctive features is its huge,

235: 190: 128: 6377: 6296: 5993:"ASN Aircraft accident Bristol 170 Freighter 21 G-AICM Berlin-Tempelhof" 3330:"Photos: Lockheed C-5A Galaxy (L-500) Aircraft Pictures - Airliners.net" 2721:

caught fire at 200 m (670 ft) and crashed at Tempelhof Field.

1952:'s suitability for its Berlin operations, with the start of a series of 1447: 852:

called Tempelhof "one of the really great buildings of the modern age".

7404: 7092: 7028: 4113:, Vol. 116, No. 2972, pp. 4, 5, 8, Temple Press, London, 2 October 1968 4096:

Airliner Classics (Reflections of Tempelhof: Commercial Flights Return)

2599: 2595: 2344: 2269: 1993: 1908: 1856:

on these services, which operated from Tempelhof under contract to the

1584: 1539:

On 25 September 1950, Pan Am acquired AOA from American Airlines. This

1466: 1225:

returned a united city of Berlin to the unified German government. The

684: 680: 646: 623: 594: 552: 217: 6430: 4770:

Aeroplane (Supplement: BEA's 20th anniversary) – BEA: German internals

2995:

that would have made it suitable for the airline's Tempelhof operation

2675:

Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on

829:

from the old terminal while the new one was still under construction.

415: 7486: 6188: 4545:

Flying Higher: General Acceptance Corp. Buys Modern Air, 2009, p. 189

2967: 2819: 2709:

On 12 June 1897, in one of the earliest recorded aircraft accidents,

2333: 2261: 2223: 1883:(IT) charter flight programme from Tempelhof under contract to local 1700: 1690: 1569: 1557: 1511: 1507: 1399: 1226: 874: 798: 619: 616: 6091:

Pilot: "Ich hatte Befürchtungen, dass ich nicht bis Tempelhof komme"

5672:(in German). Senatsverwaltung für Stadtentwicklung und Wohnen Berlin 4652:, Vol. 110, No. 2815, p. 34, Temple Press, London, 30 September 1965 4557:"Photos: Douglas DC-7C Seven Seas Aircraft Pictures - Airliners.net" 4362:, Vol. 116, No. 2972, pp. 5, 8, Temple Press, London, 2 October 1968 4214:"Photos: Sud SE-210 Caravelle III Aircraft Pictures - Airliners.net" 4125:, Vol. 116, No. 2972, pp. 6, 8, Temple Press, London, 2 October 1968 3820:, Vol. 116, No. 2972, pp. 4, 8, Temple Press, London, 2 October 1968 3217:"How Berliners refused to give Tempelhof airport over to developers" 2789: 2455:

An area of Tempelhof Airport in 2012, converted into open greenspace

1653:

in aircraft that were bigger than its Tempelhof-based fleet of DC-3/

1383:

seen parked in front of a hangar at Berlin Tempelhof in January 1954

1133: 784:'s plan for the reconstruction of Berlin during the Nazi era, Prof. 4835:, Vol. 116, No. 2972, pp. 5–6, Temple Press, London, 2 October 1968 4691:, Vol. 111, No. 2834, p. 15, Temple Press, London, 10 February 1966 4259:, Vol. 108, No. 2773, p. 11, Temple Press, London, 10 December 1964 4033:

Airliner World (BUA – British United Airways – A Step back in Time)

3998:, Vol. 104, No. 2669, p. 11, Temple Press, London, 13 December 1962 2933: 2785: 2636: 2587: 2497: 2420: 2184: 2143: 1815:

Following the completion of the Berlin Wall on 13 August 1961, the

1421: 1195: 665: 6306: 5388: 4796:, Vol. 112, No. 2878, p. 4, Temple Press, London, 15 December 1966 4784:, Vol. 111, No. 2842, pp. 16/7, Temple Press, London, 7 April 1966 4730:, Vol 42, No 1, p. 34, Ian Allan Publishing, Hersham, January 2009 4350:, Vol 42, No 1, p. 30, Ian Allan Publishing, Hersham, January 2009 3904:, Vol 42, No 1, p. 33, Ian Allan Publishing, Hersham, January 2009 3797:, Vol 42, No 1, p. 32, Ian Allan Publishing, Hersham, January 2009 3444:"Seven Leading Architects Defend the World's Most Hated Buildings" 2206:

From 1978, Pan Am relocated its 727 flightdeck crew training from

6465: 5839: 5571: 4704:

Aeroplane – Commercial continued, Pan Am 727s take over in Berlin

4537: 4535: 3925:, Vol. 45, No. 6, p. 51, Ian Allan Publishing, Hersham, June 2012 3847:, Vol. 73, No. 11, p. 48, Key Publishing, Stamford, November 2011 2543: 2211: 2159: 1820: 1561: 1553: 1545: 1238: 1038: 1002:

transport planes preparing to take off from Tempelhof during the

806: 532:, the airport ceased operating in 2008 amid controversy, leaving 6274:

by Gundula Bavendamm and Florian Weiß, Berlin 2014 (trilingual).

5666:"Senator Müller stellte den Masterplan Tempelhofer Freiheit vor" 5537:

Article and photos "Riesiger Andrang auf dem Flugfeld Tempelhof"

4808:, Vol. 116, No. 2972, p. 6, Temple Press, London, 2 October 1968 4276:, Vol. 109, No. 2788, p. 14, Temple Press, London, 25 March 1965 4274:

Aeroplane – Order Book continued, Pan Am 727s to serve Tempelhof

4240:, Vol. 116, No. 2972, p. 8, Temple Press, London, 2 October 1968 4146:, Vol. 116, No. 2972, p. 5, Temple Press, London, 2 October 1968 4009:"Photos: Vickers 736 Viscount Aircraft Pictures - Airliners.net" 3835:, Vol. 116, No. 2972, p. 4, Temple Press, London, 2 October 1968 2732:

to Berlin Tempelhof came under sustained attack from two Soviet

2301:

Towards the end, commercial use was mostly in the form of small

1875:

1 million per year. 1964 was also the year US supplemental

1693:. Compared with the DC-4, the new type had 16 additional seats. 6946: 6284: 4823:, Vol. 111, No. 2842, p. 16, Temple Press, London, 7 April 1966 4772:, Vol. 112, No. 2858, p. 42, Temple Press, London, 28 July 1966 4706:, Vol. 111, No. 2853, p. 11, Temple Press, London, 23 June 1966 4608:, Vol. 111, No. 2842, p. 15, Temple Press, London, 7 April 1966 4423:"overseas aviation – manchester – 1961 – 0472 – Flight Archive" 2733: 2590:

Tempelhof Sounds, a three-day music event consisting of mainly

2539: 2385: 2371:

The initiative for keeping Tempelhof open was supported by the

1937: 1904: 1665: 1619: 1565: 909: 905: 900:

which stopped over at Tempelhof to take on freight en route to

837: 736:

land in medieval Berlin, and from this beginning came the name

567: 521: 402: 211: 136: 5640:"Feldlerchen-Rekord auf Tempelhofer Feld: Sperrungen ab April" 4532: 3986:, Vol. 104, No. 2649, p. 7, Temple Press, London, 26 July 1962 965:, which formally divided Berlin into four occupation sectors. 6954: 5967:"ASN Aircraft accident Douglas C-54A-DO (DC-4) F-BELI Berlin" 4502:, Vol. 74, No. 3, p. 49, Key Publishing, Stamford, March 2012 3949:, Simons, G.M., GMS Enterprises, Peterborough, 1993, pp. 9–11 2919:

until 1973, the launch of daily, non-stop Berlin Tempelhof –

2317: 2219: 6366:

Vom Tempelhofer Feld zum Zentralflughafen Berlin-Tempelhof.

5770:"Gesetz zum Erhalt des Tempelhofer Feldes vom 14. Juni 2014" 1614:. These airlines initially carried members of the UK and US 1210:, returned to Berlin as the commander of Tempelhof airbase. 1198:

intensified in the late 1950s and 1960s, access problems to

938:

On 8 May 1945, Western Allied and German signatories of the

809:

controls to the reception hall. Tempelhof was served by the

6383:

Bonjour Deutschland – Luftverkehr unter Nachbarn: 1926–2006

6322:

Official Berlin site for closing Tempelhof and future plans

5241:

Grünes Licht für Schließung des Flughafens Berlin-Tempelhof

1849: 1062:'s fledgling wholly privately owned, independent airlines. 1041:

was unofficially named, began on 26 June when USAF Douglas

950:, Zentralflughafen Berlin-Tempelhof was turned over to the 943: 578:. It acquired a further iconic status as the centre of the 348: 6140:(in German). West Berlin, Germany: Berlin Airport Company. 4816: 4814: 3937:, Simons, G.M., GMS Enterprises, Peterborough, 1993, p. 11 3487: 3280:"Photos: Boeing 747-121 Aircraft Pictures - Airliners.net" 1241:

stationed an aviation element of the 6. Infantry Brigade-(

4728:

Aircraft Illustrated (Airport Profile – Berlin-Tempelhof)

4398:"overseas aviation – boac – 1961 – 1167 – Flight Archive" 4348:

Aircraft Illustrated (Airport Profile – Berlin-Tempelhof)

4098:, Key Publishing, Stamford, UK, November 2011, p. 79 3902:

Aircraft Illustrated (Airport Profile – Berlin-Tempelhof)

3795:

Aircraft Illustrated (Airport Profile – Berlin-Tempelhof)

3707: 3705: 3558: 3556: 3534: 3532: 3508: 3468: 3466: 3074:

after Frankfurt, in terms of passengers handled per annum

2728:(registration F-BELI) operating a scheduled service from 2713:

and his mechanic Robert Knabe were killed when Wölfert's

1936:

22 January 1966 marked the first appearance of a British

4257:

Aeroplane – Tempelhof trials prelude to Pan Am 727 order

2055:. BEA's re-equipment of its Berlin fleet with brand-new 864:

The airport in 1937, at the 1927-built terminal building

5908:"Berlin's Tempelhof Airport is now a creative district" 5890:"Berlin's Old Airport Will Soon Host Vibrant Art Scene" 5315:

Official information on the number of signatures lodged

4811: 4189:"caravelle – air france – 1967 – 2276 – Flight Archive" 3897: 3895: 3367:, vol. 9, February 2009, p. 7, archived from 3354: 3352: 3350: 1696:

In 1958, BEA began replacing its piston airliners with

728:

Adolf Hitler at Zentralflughafen Tempelhof-Berlin, 1932

6358: 5814:"Berlin Fashion Week: Glamour, Gowns and Garter Belts" 4139: 4137: 4135: 4133: 4131: 3702: 3577: 3553: 3529: 3463: 2264:

under contract to former German computer manufacturer

2106:

from/to Berlin Tempelhof peaked in 1971 at just above

6396: 4035:, Key Publishing, Stamford, UK, July 2010, pp. 64, 68 1804:(60%) and capturing a greater share of the lucrative 1253:. Further helicopters stationed over the years where 797:

as "the mother of all airports". With its façades of

6354:

National Museum Of The USAF Berlin Airlift Factsheet

5285:

official referendum schedule, at the end of the page

5257:

Official public announcement of the call for support

5214: 5212: 5041: 5039: 3892: 3347: 2030:

times as many passengers as the latter's Viscounts.

1472:

in the background at Berlin Tempelhof in August 1967

740:. Later, the site was used as a parade field by the 6259:, Master of Arts thesis in World Heritage Studies, 6119:2 July 2010, at Die Wahrheit über Berlin-Tempelhof 5192:"berlin – tempelhof – 1988 – 0850 – Flight Archive" 4794:

Aeroplane – The Battle for Berlin: Round One a draw

4128: 2605: 2087:of the BEA One-Eleven 500s in a neutral, dark-blue 7319:Prussian National Monument for the Liberation Wars 5795:Bread & Butter Berlin Airport Berlin-Tempelhof 5694:[Nature and apartments aren't opposites]. 5572:"Tempelhof Kiteflyers Meeting 2010 am 9. Mai 2010" 4892:"En route with BEA, One-Eleven 500 into service", 3845:Aviation News – Pan American World Airways: Part 2 3654: 3652: 3650: 3648: 3646: 3247: 3189:"Crowds Bid Farewell to Airport That Saved Berlin" 2936:era the American, British and French embassies in 1929:operating a trooping flight under contract to the 1368:DC 4 of Pan American World Airways in January 1954 6944: 6297:Official website of the Tempelhofer Freiheit park 6162: 6080:"Tempelhof plane has left airfield" with pictures 5591:"Whistles for Wowereit at Tempelhof park opening" 5209: 5036: 4887: 4885: 4859: 4857: 4740: 4738: 4736: 4699: 4697: 4660: 4658: 4106: 4104: 3713:Flughafen Tempelhof: Die Geschichte einer Legende 3644: 3642: 3640: 3638: 3636: 3634: 3632: 3630: 3628: 3626: 3585:Flughafen Tempelhof: Die Geschichte einer Legende 3564:Flughafen Tempelhof: Die Geschichte einer Legende 3540:Flughafen Tempelhof: Die Geschichte einer Legende 3516:Flughafen Tempelhof: Die Geschichte einer Legende 3495:Flughafen Tempelhof: Die Geschichte einer Legende 3474:Flughafen Tempelhof: Die Geschichte einer Legende 2399:Plans for the future would include for example a 2249:Commercial operations restarted in 1981, when US- 7588:Buildings and structures in Tempelhof-Schöneberg 7544: 5720:[Landscaped park planned in Tempelhof]. 4838: 4689:Aeroplane – BEA Berlin services: new jet needed? 4252: 4250: 4248: 4246: 3241: 3239: 2827:. Upon consultation with air traffic control in 2635:Berlin Tempelhof also was an important base for 2586:In 2022, Tempelhof was used as the site for the 2260:began a corporate shuttle between Tempelhof and 2210:to Berlin Tempelhof. This involved training all 1675:belonging to its newly formed independent rival 1272:Fixed wing aircraft stationed at Tempelhof were 1096:began to crumble under the weight of the USAF's 6349:Pictures from a guided tour through the airport 4269: 4267: 4265: 4231: 1402:on the ramp at Berlin Tempelhof in January 1954 888:"Stuka" dive bombers; thereafter, it assembled 562:Tempelhof was one of Europe's three iconic pre- 559:, and is no longer an issue since its closure. 6113:Notlandung: Pilot hatte Tankschalter vergessen 5340: 5338: 4922:"Bespoke for BEA", One-Eleven 500 into service 4882: 4854: 4733: 4694: 4655: 4101: 3623: 3598: 3394:Take a Tour Through the Mother of All Airports 547:Tempelhof was designated as an airport by the 6930: 6446: 5168: 4445: 4443: 4243: 3984:Aeroplane – Letters, B.E.A.'s Berlin services 3236: 3182: 3180: 2784:operating an internal scheduled service from 2695:Annual passenger traffic at THF airport. See 2459: 2373:Interessengemeinschaft City-Airport Tempelhof 2358: 2033:Within two years of Pan Am's introduction of 1487:seen landing at Berlin Tempelhof in June 1987 1343:. Please discuss this issue on the article's 16:Former airport of Berlin, Germany (1923–2008) 6307:ICAT – Initiative for keeping Tempelhof open 6261:Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus 5990: 5964: 5581:Flying Blog, May 2010, in German and English 5505: 5140:, Berlin Airport Company, West Berlin, 1979 4452:, Berlin Airport Company, West Berlin, 1968 4318: 4316: 4314: 4262: 4044: 2294:transport plane (serial number 96-0006) the 1494:(AOA), at the time the overseas division of 1417:seen landing at Berlin Tempelhof during 1962 756:was founded in Tempelhof on 6 January 1926. 29: 6070:"Tempelhof-Maschine hat Flugfeld verlassen" 6018:"aer lingus – 1978 – 1978 – Flight Archive" 5926:"The rebirth of Berlin's Tempelhof Airport" 5692:"Natur und Wohnungen sind keine Gegensätze" 5335: 5128:, Berlin Airport Company, West Berlin, 1971 5033:, Berlin Airport Company, West Berlin, 1972 3889:, Berlin Airport Company, West Berlin, 1975 3864:, Berlin Airport Company, West Berlin, 1975 3813: 3811: 3809: 3807: 3805: 3803: 3785:, Berlin Airport Company, West Berlin, 1975 3660:"air france – 1972 – 2017 – Flight Archive" 2793:time, he was expected to be sentenced to a 2312: 1536:from 6 March and 1 June 1950 respectively. 1162:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 6937: 6923: 6453: 6439: 5877:Tempelhof-Pläne doch noch nicht vom Tisch? 5746:[100 % freedom - what now?]. 5327:Official referendum schedule, at B. 2 5300:Official referendum schedule, at A. 6 4620: 4618: 4616: 4614: 4440: 3918: 3916: 3914: 3912: 3910: 3828: 3826: 3177: 2704: 2542:. In September 2010, Tempelhof hosted the 6330:BIFT – Initiative for Tempelhof's closure 6199:Flughafen Tempelhof: Berlins Tor zur Welt 6149:. Sutton, UK: Reed Business Information. 5492:Federation Internationale de l'Automobile 4311: 4287:"West Germany: Hot Route in the Cold War" 4158: 4156: 4154: 4152: 2888:also known as Pierced Steel Matting (PSP) 2620:at Berlin Tempelhof Airport in April 1995 2553:The place also hosted sports events. The 1303: 1182:Learn how and when to remove this message 524:, Germany. Situated in the south-central 6102:("I feared, I wouldn't reach Tempelhof") 5557:"Flughafen Tempelhof: Die neue Rollbahn" 5513:"Tempelhof to become enormous city park" 5366:Official press release on the referendum 3800: 3778: 3776: 3774: 3772: 3770: 3711:Laurenz Demps and Carl-Ludwig Paeschke, 3583:Laurenz Demps and Carl-Ludwig Paeschke, 3562:Laurenz Demps and Carl-Ludwig Paeschke, 3538:Laurenz Demps and Carl-Ludwig Paeschke, 3514:Laurenz Demps and Carl-Ludwig Paeschke, 3493:Laurenz Demps and Carl-Ludwig Paeschke, 3472:Laurenz Demps and Carl-Ludwig Paeschke, 3144: 2809: 2609: 2450: 2316: 2309:the sole commercial airport for Berlin. 2153: 2138: 1922:jet's first arrival at Tempelhof when a 1638:. One of these airlines, UK independent 1475: 1446: 1420: 1405: 1386: 1371: 1363: 1021: 993: 859: 723: 714:Tempelhof Airport Berlin panorama (2019) 7098:Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe 6460: 5157:, Skyport Heathrow.co.uk, 14 April 2011 4611: 3907: 3823: 2349:Federal Administrative Court of Germany 2338:Berlin-Schönefeld International Airport 1819:government introduced a route-specific 1634:. This operation was also known as the 1296:(1970s–1986 and 1991–1994), as well as 1089:was temporarily assigned to Tempelhof. 732:The site of the airport was originally 7545: 6229:. Éditions du patrimoine, Paris 2000, 6065: 6063: 5840:"Berlin Festival – 29. – 31. Mai 2015" 5603:Grün Berlin's Tempelhofer Feld Project 5283:; with regard to the figures, see the 4149: 3497:, Berlin: Ullstein, 1998, pp. 69seqq. 3186: 2870: 2762:near Tempelhof Airport as a result of 1887:consolidator Flug-Union Berlin, using 1864:as well as Berliner Flugring, a local 1741:during the previous decade with DC-4, 6918: 6434: 6302:local public transportation map (PDF) 6167:. Peterborough, UK: GMS Enterprises. 5718:"Parklandschaft in Tempelhof geplant" 5445:Klaus Kurpjuweit and Jan Oberländer, 4464: 3882: 3880: 3878: 3876: 3874: 3872: 3870: 3857: 3855: 3853: 3767: 3518:, Berlin: Ullstein, 1998, pp. 78seq. 3441: 3245: 3214: 3165: 3145:Matthies, Bernd (29 September 2020). 2991:BEA already operated, which lacked a 2446: 1715:enabled BEA to inaugurate a non-stop 1232: 805:. Arriving passengers walked through 763:. The station has since been renamed 6185:. Hersham, UK: Ian Allan Publishing. 5621:"Ein Lebensraum für Flora und Fauna" 4471:. Trafford Publishing. p. 189. 3411:U.S. Centennial of Flight Commission 3260:from the original on 12 January 2022 3187:Kulish, Nicholas (30 October 2008). 3138: 3065:Tempelhof: 5,560,000; Tegel: 560,000 2987:an improved version of the original 2661: 1307: 1160:adding citations to reliable sources 1127: 880:From January 1940 until early 1944, 6060: 5865:Berlin completes Formula E calendar 5744:"100 Prozent Freiheit - und jetzt?" 5559:flughafentempelhof.com, 9 May 2010 4526:vol. 29, 1971, 12 July 1971, p. 41 3246:Akkoc, Raziye (14 September 2015). 2524:Berlin Central and Regional Library 1649:During the early-to-mid-1950s, BEA 13: 3867: 3850: 3113: 3004:the first production aircraft for 2059:jets was central to the airline's 1458:seen parked on the apron with two 14: 7604: 7573:2008 disestablishments in Germany 6278: 6244:. English Heritage, London 2005, 5488:"Search results for Berlin ePrix" 4941:. British Airways. Archived from 3715:, Berlin: Ullstein, 1998, p. 88. 3587:, Berlin: Ullstein, 1998, p. 83. 3566:, Berlin: Ullstein, 1998, p. 80. 3542:, Berlin: Ullstein, 1998, p. 79. 3476:, Berlin: Ullstein, 1998, p. 68. 3108:Institute for Federal Real Estate 2978:from Tegel Airport in August 1968 2532: 2328:, Brandenburg minister-president 1711:and higher cruising speed of the 983: 104:Institute for Federal Real Estate 7482:Sachsenhausen concentration camp 7380:Berlin-Hohenschönhausen Memorial 7210: 6418: 6406: 6393:race results at Racing-Reference 6340:History of the airport Tempelhof 6283: 6106: 6083: 6035: 6010: 5991:Harro Ranter (19 January 1953). 5984: 5958: 5936: 5918: 5900: 5882: 5879:– Motorsport Total, 17 June 2013 5870: 5857: 5832: 5806: 5788: 5762: 5736: 5710: 5684: 5658: 5632: 5614: 5596: 5584: 5565: 5550: 5530: 5468:"Abflug in die Geschichtsbücher" 5461: 5439: 5421: 5403: 5373: 5359: 5320: 5308: 5293: 5271: 5250: 5234: 5184: 5146: 5131: 5119: 5089: 5064: 5024: 4999: 4974: 4949: 4931: 4915: 4821:Aeroplane – The Battle of Berlin 4782:Aeroplane – The Battle of Berlin 4606:Aeroplane – The Battle of Berlin 4465:Beyer, Morten (8 October 2009). 4045:Harro Ranter (30 October 1961). 3442:Lange, Alexandra (5 June 2015). 3077: 3068: 3059: 3050: 3041: 2865:Tempelhof Airport Street Circuit 2724:On 29 April 1952, an Air France 2666: 2606:Former airlines and destinations 2470:Tempelhof Airport Street Circuit 2150:, Airport Berlin Tempelhof, 1988 1895:. On 2 December of that year, a 1879:began operating a comprehensive 1602:transferred its operations from 1443:at Berlin Tempelhof in June 1964 1327:to read and navigate comfortably 1312: 1132: 703: 377: 376: 369: 48: 39: 7563:Airports disestablished in 2008 5245:www.bundesverwaltungsgericht.de 4900: 4826: 4799: 4787: 4775: 4763: 4721: 4709: 4682: 4670: 4643: 4599: 4574: 4549: 4505: 4493: 4458: 4415: 4390: 4365: 4353: 4341: 4279: 4206: 4181: 4116: 4089: 4064: 4038: 4026: 4001: 3989: 3977: 3952: 3940: 3928: 3838: 3788: 3738: 3726: 3677: 3435: 3401: 3322: 3032: 3020: 3011: 3006:Pakistan International Airlines 2998: 2981: 2960: 2926: 2913: 2903: 2891: 2882: 2780:In 1981, a LOT Polish Airlines 2579:or Brompton Design District in 2577:Meatpacking District, Manhattan 2419:that departed at 22:17 towards 2392:. Environmental groups and the 912:, but was later shot down over 855: 253:Overseas Aviation (early 1960s) 7568:1923 establishments in Germany 7289:Kaiser Wilhelm Memorial Church 6043:"1981 – 2799 – Flight Archive" 5965:Harro Ranter (29 April 1952). 5670:www.stadtentwicklung.berlin.de 5097:"1971 – 1220 – Flight Archive" 5072:"1989 – 2395 – Flight Archive" 5047:"1974 – 1106 – Flight Archive" 5007:"1972 – 1329 – Flight Archive" 4982:"1969 – 2064 – Flight Archive" 4957:"1968 – 2176 – Flight Archive" 4865:"1968 – 2540 – Flight Archive" 4833:Aeroplane – Pan Am and the IGS 4806:Aeroplane – Pan Am and the IGS 4746:"1968 – 2530 – Flight Archive" 4716:Aeroplane – Pan Am and the IGS 4582:"1964 – 3067 – Flight Archive" 4500:Aviation News – Saturn Airways 4360:Aeroplane – Pan Am and the IGS 4324:"1973 – 1982 – Flight Archive" 4238:Aeroplane – Pan Am and the IGS 4164:"1988 – 1039 – Flight Archive" 4144:Aeroplane – Pan Am and the IGS 4123:Aeroplane – Pan Am and the IGS 4111:Aeroplane – Pan Am and the IGS 4072:"1961 – 1644 – Flight Archive" 3960:"1973 – 1488 – Flight Archive" 3833:Aeroplane – Pan Am and the IGS 3818:Aeroplane – Pan Am and the IGS 3606:"1972 – 2018 – Flight Archive" 3297: 3272: 3215:Fahey, Ciarán (5 March 2015). 3208: 3101: 2771:LOT Polish Airlines flight 165 2480: 1722:On 19 November 1959, a Pan Am 1590:This was furthermore the time 1525:(26 June 1948 – 12 May 1949). 1278:De Havilland Canada U-6 Beaver 919:Tempelhof's German commander, 1: 7103:Monument to Freedom and Unity 7034:Deutsches Historisches Museum 6130: 4907:"One-Eleven 500 into service" 4295:. 3 July 1964. Archived from 3755:. 15 February 1980. p. 3 2970:(TUI), the travel arm of the 2968:Touristik Union International 2899:government-owned corporations 2756:Bristol 170 Freighter Mark 21 2654: 2324:In 1996, the mayor of Berlin 927:forces took Tempelhof in the 7558:Airports established in 1923 7304:Museum Europäischer Kulturen 6774:Ingolstadt/Manching Air Base 4520:(translated section title), 4516:(translated article title), 3094: 2730:Frankfurt Rhein-Main Airport 2632:still operating from there. 2563:Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters 2048:de Havilland Comet 4B series 1916:British Aircraft Corporation 823:Platz der Luftbrücke station 696:2015 European migrant crisis 7: 7553:Defunct airports in Germany 5698:(in German). 25 August 2013 4912:, 7 November 1968, p. 744/5 3449:The New York Times Magazine 2940:'s capital Bonn each had a 2838: 2818:On 26 June 2010, a private 2492:largest public park named " 2208:Miami International Airport 1956:conducted on its behalf by 1398:seen beyond the wing of an 1396:Bristol 170 Freighter Mk 21 1335:content into sub-articles, 1117: 1054:cargo aircraft, as well as 1026:Berlin Airlift Memorial on 658:436th Military Airlift Wing 610: 566:airports, the others being 549:Reich Ministry of Transport 10: 7609: 7279:Haus der Kulturen der Welt 6217:: "Berlin-Tempelhof". In: 6163:Simons, Graham M. (1993). 6123:"Pilot forgot tank switch" 5724:(in German). 15 April 2011 5646:(in German). 27 March 2019 2855:Berlin Brandenburg Airport 2559:FIA Formula E Championship 2484: 2460:ABB Formula E Berlin ePrix 2377:Christian Democratic Union 2359:Referendum against closing 2072:all non-scheduled services 1492:American Overseas Airlines 1121: 1087:53d Troop Carrier Squadron 987: 940:German Surrender in Berlin 744:from 1720 to the start of 719: 636:Pan American World Airways 542:Berlin Brandenburg Airport 498:Flughafen Berlin-Tempelhof 206:American Overseas Airlines 31:Flughafen Berlin-Tempelhof 7495: 7452: 7372: 7219: 7208: 6953: 6903: 6857: 6716: 6645: 6525: 6479: 6472: 6378:picture archive from 1960 5867:– Autosport, 11 July 2013 4928:, 7 November 1968, p. 746 4896:, 7 November 1968, p. 749 3110:, September 2008. Page 9. 3085:Berlin-Schönefeld Airport 2711:Friedrich Hermann Wölfert 2183:caused by steeply rising 2166:, Airport Tempelhof, 2004 1286:Pilatus UV-20A Chiricahua 1269:(May 1971– August 1994). 1017:Soviet Zone of Occupation 974:West Berlin Air Corridors 518:one of the first airports 473: 422: 419: 414: 410: 401: 364: 359: 343: 304: 293: 189: 178:30 October 2008 174: 159: 148: 121: 113: 99: 91: 86: 56: 47: 38: 23: 7264:Freie Universität Berlin 7249:Berlin Zoological Garden 7153:Vorderasiatisches Museum 6391:Berlin Tempelhof Airport 6290:Berlin-Tempelhof Airport 6201:. Berlin: be.bra, 1997. 6145:"Flight International". 5750:(in German). 26 May 2013 5415:14 February 2009 at the 5350:27 February 2009 at the 5262:27 February 2008 at the 5224:27 February 2009 at the 5155:Fly Past: Happy landings 4851:, 10 August 1972, p. 181 3685:"Home of Eagle – G-AJBL" 3121:"EAD Basic – Error Page" 2875: 2396:supported them in this. 2390:Schönefeld International 2353:Bundesverwaltungsgericht 2313:Closing down air traffic 2290:christened a new Boeing 2095:titles instead of BEA's 1290:Beechcraft U-8D Seminole 1219:reunification of Germany 1094:perforated steel matting 1056:British European Airways 978:Berlin Air Safety Center 576:Paris–Le Bourget Airport 490:Berlin Tempelhof Airport 224:British European Airways 163:8 October 1923 25:Berlin Tempelhof Airport 7593:Refugee camps in Europe 6945:Visitor attractions in 6312:10 October 2018 at the 5894:architecturaldigest.com 5626:3 December 2010 at the 5593:, The Local, 8 May 2009 5177:(Proctor, J., Archive, 3746:"Last two U-6s retired" 2705:Accidents and incidents 2618:McDonnell Douglas MD-87 2468:used variations of the 2438:airplanes flying under 2070:1968 was also the year 1996:dubbed the contrasting 1914:26 October 1965 marked 1757:, their new short-haul 1646:for a quarter century. 1583:1950 was also the year 1463:Lockheed Constellations 1280:(1968 – January 1980), 1265:(1964–1971)and finally 671:Tempelhof, compared to 653:(USAF) at the airport. 651:United States Air Force 628:Lockheed L-1011 Tristar 300:164 ft / 50 m 108:Federal State of Berlin 7324:Schloss Charlottenburg 7309:Natural History Museum 7187:St. Hedwig's Cathedral 6744:Braunschweig/Wolfsburg 3417:centennialofflight.gov 3172:Airports International 3087:starting November 2008 2993:short-field capability 2972:Federal German Railway 2815: 2751:On 19 January 1953, a 2744:at Tempelhof Airport. 2621: 2456: 2321: 2167: 2151: 1931:UK Ministry of Defence 1903:to land at Tempelhof. 1755:Sud-Aviation Caravelle 1747:Lockheed Constellation 1677:British United Airways 1488: 1473: 1453:British United Airways 1444: 1418: 1412:British United Airways 1403: 1384: 1369: 1304:Postwar commercial use 1255:Sikorsky H-19 Chikasaw 1031: 1007: 970:Allied Control Council 957:on 2 July 1945 by the 898:Johannisthal Air Field 865: 729: 643:Clipper Great Republic 557:several other airports 497: 393:Location within Berlin 274:Conti-Flug (1990–1994) 140:(1923–1948; 1990–2020) 30: 7390:German-Russian Museum 7148:Museum of Islamic Art 6885:Cologne–Butzweilerhof 6573:Karlsruhe/Baden-Baden 6335:Berlin "Candy Bomber" 6292:at Wikimedia Commons 6240:Bob Hawkins (Hrsg.): 6215:Gabi Dolff-Bonekämper 6165:The Spirit of Dan-Air 5608:30 April 2010 at the 5433:30 April 2008 at the 5162:23 April 2011 at the 4513:Detour via Schönefeld 3947:The Spirit of Dan-Air 3935:The Spirit of Dan-Air 2813: 2615:Scandinavian Airlines 2613: 2454: 2381:Free Democratic Party 2320: 2194:On 1 September 1975, 2157: 2142: 1969:Boeing 727-100 series 1933:diverted from Gatow. 1705:Vickers Viscount 802s 1636:Little Berlin Airlift 1479: 1460:Capitol International 1450: 1424: 1409: 1390: 1375: 1367: 1259:Sikorsky H-34 Choctaw 1249:was soon replaced by 1243:6th Infantry Regiment 1213:With the fall of the 1025: 997: 976:under control of the 863: 727: 328:52.47361°N 13.40167°E 236:Capitol Int'l Airways 7462:Charlottenhof Palace 7294:Kaufhaus des Westens 7197:Topography of Terror 7133:Oranienburger Straße 6985:Berlin Wall Memorial 6975:Alte Nationalgalerie 6764:Hamburg–Finkenwerder 6364:Der Zentralflughafen 6190:Aircraft Illustrated 6147:Flight International 5800:6 March 2009 at the 5577:19 July 2011 at the 5179:Modern Air Transport 4926:Flight International 4910:Flight International 4894:Flight International 4849:Flight International 3374:on 16 September 2012 2292:C-17 Globemaster III 2280:commuter turboprop. 2240:Modern Air Transport 2230:, as well as on the 2061:competitive strategy 1862:Technical University 1698:Vickers Viscount 701 1673:Vickers Viscount 700 1415:Vickers Viscount 700 1156:improve this section 1028:Platz der Luftbrücke 955:2nd Armored Division 771:Platz der Luftbrücke 662:Dover Air Force Base 632:Lockheed C-5A Galaxy 530:Tempelhof-Schöneberg 153:Tempelhof-Schöneberg 7520:Transport in Berlin 7477:Potsdam Roman Baths 7454:Metropolitan region 7442:Soviet War Memorial 7329:Soviet War Memorial 7078:Humboldt University 6759:Frankfurt-Egelsbach 6613:Paderborn/Lippstadt 6117:Berliner Morgenpost 6074:Berliner Morgenpost 5997:aviation-safety.net 5971:aviation-safety.net 5914:. 12 November 2018. 5748:www.tagesspiegel.de 5722:www.tagesspiegel.de 5696:www.tagesspiegel.de 5644:www.sueddeutsche.de 5541:Berliner Morgenpost 5385:tempelhof-retten.de 4626:"Special Feature 7" 4051:aviation-safety.net 3423:on 26 November 2005 3254:www.telegraph.co.uk 2871:Notes and citations 2820:Socata TB 10 Tobago 2753:Silver City Airways 2307:Brandenburg Airport 2175:in the wake of the 2053:BAC One-Eleven 500s 1846:Allied Air Attachés 1751:Super Constellation 1729:On 2 January 1960, 1534:Düsseldorf Lohausen 1530:Hamburg Fuhlsbüttel 1274:Cessna O-1 Bird Dog 761:underground railway 754:Deutsche Luft Hansa 673:Brandenburg Airport 647:"Day of Open House" 324: / 200:Deutsche Luft Hansa 7578:Airports in Berlin 7269:Gas Lantern Museum 7242:Bundespräsidialamt 7160:Platz der Republik 7017:Checkpoint Charlie 6819:Sankt Peter-Ording 6487:Berlin–Brandenburg 6219:Berlin-Tempelhof, 5896:. 16 October 2018. 5844:berlinfestival.com 5447:"Ende der Legende" 5391:on 10 October 2018 5381:"berlin tempelhof" 5107:on 1 February 2014 3194:The New York Times 2957:during this period 2921:Amsterdam Schiphol 2816: 2651:and Windrose Air. 2622: 2515:breeding grounds. 2457: 2447:Post-airport usage 2322: 2168: 2152: 2002:Dinner oder Düsen? 1940:at Tempelhof when 1516:Rhein-Main Airport 1489: 1474: 1470:Breguet Deux-Ponts 1445: 1419: 1404: 1385: 1370: 1233:U.S. Army Aviation 1065:The last included 1058:(BEA) and many of 1048:United States Navy 1032: 1008: 952:United States Army 866: 730: 333:52.47361; 13.40167 278:Lufthansa CityLine 7583:Nazi architecture 7540: 7539: 7385:East Side Gallery 7344:Tempelhof Airport 7254:Botanical Gardens 7192:Staatsoper Berlin 7083:Kronprinzenpalais 6912: 6911: 6865:Berlin–Schönefeld 6789:Leipzig–Altenburg 6749:Cuxhaven/Nordholz 6641: 6640: 6603:Münster/Osnabrück 6288:Media related to 6270:. Edited for the 6266:Matthias Heisig: 6255:Heeb, Christine. 6237:, pp. 32–61. 6089:Jörn Hasselmann, 5774:gesetze.berlin.de 5474:25 November 2008 4541:Beyer, Morton S. 2923:flights by Pan Am 2897:independent from 2850:Nazi architecture 2742:emergency landing 2691: 2688: 2687: 2626:Brussels Airlines 2548:Berlin Music Week 2303:commuter aircraft 2258:Tempelhof Airways 2173:economic downturn 2164:Brussels Airlines 2148:Tempelhof Airways 2006:Super Silver Star 1946:HS 121 Trident 1E 1899:became the first 1743:Sud-Est Languedoc 1518:on 1 March 1948. 1496:American Airlines 1432:seen sharing the 1362: 1361: 1192: 1191: 1184: 1083:William H. Tunner 1035:Operation Vittles 963:Potsdam Agreement 890:Focke-Wulf Fw 190 882:Weser Flugzeugbau 795:Sir Norman Foster 638:(Pan Am) flew in 487: 486: 469: 468: 263:Tempelhof Airways 155:, Berlin, Germany 7600: 7339:Tauentzienstraße 7214: 7202:Unter den Linden 7061:Hackescher Markt 7012:Brandenburg Gate 6939: 6932: 6925: 6916: 6915: 6875:Berlin–Tempelhof 6693:Norden-Norddeich 6477: 6476: 6455: 6448: 6441: 6432: 6431: 6423: 6422: 6421: 6411: 6410: 6409: 6402: 6387: 6369: 6345: 6326: 6318: 6287: 6272:AlliiertenMuseum 6225:Paris-Le Bourget 6211: 6197:Schmitz, Frank. 6194:) ISSN 0002-2675 6186: 6178: 6158: 6141: 6124: 6122: 6110: 6104: 6100: 6087: 6081: 6079: 6067: 6058: 6057: 6055: 6053: 6047:flightglobal.com 6039: 6033: 6032: 6030: 6028: 6022:flightglobal.com 6014: 6008: 6007: 6005: 6003: 5988: 5982: 5981: 5979: 5977: 5962: 5956: 5955: 5953: 5951: 5940: 5934: 5933: 5932:. 18 April 2019. 5922: 5916: 5915: 5912:art-critique.com 5904: 5898: 5897: 5886: 5880: 5874: 5868: 5861: 5855: 5854: 5852: 5850: 5836: 5830: 5829: 5827: 5825: 5810: 5804: 5792: 5786: 5785: 5783: 5781: 5766: 5760: 5759: 5757: 5755: 5740: 5734: 5733: 5731: 5729: 5714: 5708: 5707: 5705: 5703: 5688: 5682: 5681: 5679: 5677: 5662: 5656: 5655: 5653: 5651: 5636: 5630: 5618: 5612: 5600: 5594: 5588: 5582: 5569: 5563: 5562: 5554: 5548: 5547: 5534: 5528: 5527: 5525: 5523: 5509: 5503: 5502: 5500: 5498: 5484: 5478: 5477: 5465: 5459: 5458: 5455:31 October 2008 5452:Der Tagesspiegel 5443: 5437: 5425: 5419: 5407: 5401: 5400: 5398: 5396: 5387:. 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Archived from 5101:flightglobal.com 5093: 5087: 5086: 5084: 5082: 5076:flightglobal.com 5068: 5062: 5061: 5059: 5057: 5051:flightglobal.com 5043: 5034: 5028: 5022: 5021: 5019: 5017: 5011:flightglobal.com 5003: 4997: 4996: 4994: 4992: 4986:flightglobal.com 4978: 4972: 4971: 4969: 4967: 4961:flightglobal.com 4953: 4947: 4946: 4935: 4929: 4919: 4913: 4904: 4898: 4889: 4880: 4879: 4877: 4875: 4869:flightglobal.com 4861: 4852: 4842: 4836: 4830: 4824: 4818: 4809: 4803: 4797: 4791: 4785: 4779: 4773: 4767: 4761: 4760: 4758: 4756: 4750:flightglobal.com 4742: 4731: 4725: 4719: 4713: 4707: 4701: 4692: 4686: 4680: 4677:Classic Airliner 4674: 4668: 4665:Classic Airliner 4662: 4653: 4647: 4641: 4640: 4638: 4636: 4630:bac1-11jet.co.uk 4622: 4609: 4603: 4597: 4596: 4594: 4592: 4586:flightglobal.com 4578: 4572: 4571: 4569: 4567: 4553: 4547: 4539: 4530: 4529: 4509: 4503: 4497: 4491: 4490: 4462: 4456: 4455: 4447: 4438: 4437: 4435: 4433: 4427:flightglobal.com 4419: 4413: 4412: 4410: 4408: 4402:flightglobal.com 4394: 4388: 4387: 4385: 4383: 4377:flightglobal.com 4369: 4363: 4357: 4351: 4345: 4339: 4338: 4336: 4334: 4328:flightglobal.com 4320: 4309: 4308: 4306: 4304: 4283: 4277: 4271: 4260: 4254: 4241: 4235: 4229: 4228: 4226: 4224: 4210: 4204: 4203: 4201: 4199: 4193:flightglobal.com 4185: 4179: 4178: 4176: 4174: 4168:flightglobal.com 4160: 4147: 4141: 4126: 4120: 4114: 4108: 4099: 4093: 4087: 4086: 4084: 4082: 4076:flightglobal.com 4068: 4062: 4061: 4059: 4057: 4042: 4036: 4030: 4024: 4023: 4021: 4019: 4005: 3999: 3993: 3987: 3981: 3975: 3974: 3972: 3970: 3964:flightglobal.com 3956: 3950: 3944: 3938: 3932: 3926: 3920: 3905: 3899: 3890: 3884: 3865: 3859: 3848: 3842: 3836: 3830: 3821: 3815: 3798: 3792: 3786: 3780: 3765: 3764: 3762: 3760: 3750: 3742: 3736: 3730: 3724: 3709: 3700: 3699: 3697: 3695: 3689:britisheagle.net 3681: 3675: 3674: 3672: 3670: 3664:flightglobal.com 3656: 3621: 3620: 3618: 3616: 3610:flightglobal.com 3602: 3596: 3581: 3575: 3560: 3551: 3536: 3527: 3512: 3506: 3491: 3485: 3470: 3461: 3460: 3458: 3456: 3439: 3433: 3432: 3430: 3428: 3419:. Archived from 3405: 3399: 3398: 3389: 3383: 3382: 3381: 3379: 3373: 3366: 3356: 3345: 3344: 3342: 3340: 3326: 3320: 3319: 3317: 3315: 3301: 3295: 3294: 3292: 3290: 3276: 3270: 3269: 3267: 3265: 3251: 3243: 3234: 3233: 3231: 3229: 3212: 3206: 3205: 3203: 3201: 3184: 3175: 3169: 3163: 3162: 3160: 3158: 3151:Der Tagesspiegel 3142: 3136: 3135: 3133: 3131: 3117: 3111: 3105: 3088: 3081: 3075: 3072: 3066: 3063: 3057: 3054: 3048: 3045: 3039: 3036: 3030: 3024: 3018: 3017:from August 1968 3015: 3009: 3002: 2996: 2985: 2979: 2964: 2958: 2942:military attaché 2930: 2924: 2917: 2911: 2907: 2901: 2895: 2889: 2886: 2845:Tempelhofer Feld 2833:Senate of Berlin 2806: 2805: 2801: 2798: 2715:lighter than air 2690: 2670: 2669: 2662: 2581:Brompton, London 2520:Senate of Berlin 2513:Eurasian skylark 2494:Tempelhofer Feld 2487:Tempelhofer Feld 2427:and an airlift " 2332:and the federal 2326:Eberhard Diepgen 2296:Spirit of Berlin 2254:regional airline 2216:flight engineers 2134: 2133: 2129: 2126: 2119: 2118: 2114: 2111: 2093:Super One-Eleven 2065:Super One-Eleven 2029: 2028: 2024: 2021: 1889:Douglas DC-6A/Cs 1771:thrust reversers 1765:. (Air France's 1761:, with a viable 1735:Paris Le Bourget 1640:Dan-Air Services 1598:On 8 July 1951, 1357: 1354: 1348: 1316: 1315: 1308: 1298:Beechcraft C-12C 1251:Bell OH-13 Sioux 1187: 1180: 1176: 1173: 1167: 1136: 1128: 972:had agreed upon 948:Yalta agreements 929:Battle of Berlin 914:Southern Germany 838:aircraft hangars 834:national airline 707: 691:-size aircraft. 600:Tempelhofer Feld 412: 411: 405: 380: 379: 373: 355: 352: 350: 339: 338: 336: 335: 334: 329: 325: 322: 321: 320: 317: 269:Hamburg Airlines 185: 183: 170: 168: 141: 133: 79: 78: 68: 67: 52: 43: 33: 21: 20: 7608: 7607: 7603: 7602: 7601: 7599: 7598: 7597: 7543: 7542: 7541: 7536: 7491: 7472:Orangery Palace 7448: 7432:Tierpark Berlin 7422:Oberbaum Bridge 7400:Köpenick Palace 7395:Karl-Marx-Allee 7368: 7334:Spandau Citadel 7237:Bellevue Palace 7232:Aquarium Berlin 7215: 7206: 7165:Potsdamer Platz 7143:Pergamon Museum 7044:Friedrichstraße 6949: 6943: 6913: 6908: 6899: 6890:Cottbus-Drewitz 6853: 6829:Stralsund–Barth 6799:Mönchengladbach 6712: 6703:Nordholz-Spieka 6637: 6553:Friedrichshafen 6521: 6468: 6459: 6429: 6419: 6417: 6407: 6405: 6397: 6385: 6367: 6343: 6324: 6316: 6314:Wayback Machine 6281: 6221:Liverpool-Speke 6209: 6181: 6175: 6144: 6136: 6133: 6128: 6127: 6120: 6111: 6107: 6098: 6088: 6084: 6077: 6068: 6061: 6051: 6049: 6041: 6040: 6036: 6026: 6024: 6016: 6015: 6011: 6001: 5999: 5989: 5985: 5975: 5973: 5963: 5959: 5949: 5947: 5942: 5941: 5937: 5924: 5923: 5919: 5906: 5905: 5901: 5888: 5887: 5883: 5875: 5871: 5862: 5858: 5848: 5846: 5838: 5837: 5833: 5823: 5821: 5812: 5811: 5807: 5802:Wayback Machine 5793: 5789: 5779: 5777: 5768: 5767: 5763: 5753: 5751: 5742: 5741: 5737: 5727: 5725: 5716: 5715: 5711: 5701: 5699: 5690: 5689: 5685: 5675: 5673: 5664: 5663: 5659: 5649: 5647: 5638: 5637: 5633: 5628:Wayback Machine 5619: 5615: 5610:Wayback Machine 5601: 5597: 5589: 5585: 5579:Wayback Machine 5570: 5566: 5560: 5555: 5551: 5545: 5535: 5531: 5521: 5519: 5511: 5510: 5506: 5496: 5494: 5486: 5485: 5481: 5475: 5466: 5462: 5456: 5444: 5440: 5435:Wayback Machine 5426: 5422: 5417:Wayback Machine 5408: 5404: 5394: 5392: 5379: 5378: 5374: 5368: 5364: 5360: 5354: 5352:Wayback Machine 5343: 5336: 5329: 5325: 5321: 5313: 5309: 5302: 5298: 5294: 5287: 5280: 5276: 5272: 5266: 5264:Wayback Machine 5255: 5251: 5239: 5235: 5228: 5226:Wayback Machine 5217: 5210: 5200: 5198: 5190: 5189: 5185: 5173: 5169: 5164:Wayback Machine 5151: 5147: 5141: 5136: 5132: 5124: 5120: 5110: 5108: 5095: 5094: 5090: 5080: 5078: 5070: 5069: 5065: 5055: 5053: 5045: 5044: 5037: 5029: 5025: 5015: 5013: 5005: 5004: 5000: 4990: 4988: 4980: 4979: 4975: 4965: 4963: 4955: 4954: 4950: 4945:on 1 July 2012. 4937: 4936: 4932: 4920: 4916: 4905: 4901: 4890: 4883: 4873: 4871: 4863: 4862: 4855: 4845:"BEA in Berlin" 4843: 4839: 4831: 4827: 4819: 4812: 4804: 4800: 4792: 4788: 4780: 4776: 4768: 4764: 4754: 4752: 4744: 4743: 4734: 4726: 4722: 4714: 4710: 4702: 4695: 4687: 4683: 4675: 4671: 4663: 4656: 4648: 4644: 4634: 4632: 4624: 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crisis 2131: 2127: 2124: 2122: 2116: 2112: 2109: 2107: 2026: 2022: 2019: 2017: 1977:aircraft cabins 1942:Hawker Siddeley 1885:package holiday 1860:and the city's 1834:charter flights 1806:business travel 1717:London Heathrow 1523:Berlin Blockade 1358: 1352: 1349: 1330: 1317: 1313: 1306: 1294:Beechcraft U-21 1235: 1188: 1177: 1171: 1168: 1153: 1137: 1126: 1120: 1098:C-54 Skymasters 1052:Royal Air Force 992: 990:Berlin Blockade 986: 858: 819:Friedrichstraße 799:shell limestone 734:Knights Templar 722: 717: 716: 715: 713: 708: 613: 572:Croydon Airport 570:'s now defunct 553:Nazi government 483: 475:Source: German 403: 397: 396: 395: 394: 391: 390: 389: 388: 381: 347: 332: 330: 326: 323: 318: 315: 313: 311: 310: 294:Elevation 289: 284:Cirrus Airlines 257:British Airways 230:Riddle Airlines 181: 179: 166: 164: 144: 139: 131: 117:Berlin Airports 106: 82: 76: 71: 65: 60: 34: 27: 26: 17: 12: 11: 5: 7606: 7596: 7595: 7590: 7585: 7580: 7575: 7570: 7565: 7560: 7555: 7538: 7537: 7535: 7534: 7533: 7532: 7527: 7517: 7512: 7507: 7502: 7496: 7493: 7492: 7490: 7489: 7484: 7479: 7474: 7469: 7464: 7458: 7456: 7450: 7449: 7447: 7446: 7445: 7444: 7437:Treptower Park 7434: 7429: 7424: 7419: 7414: 7407: 7402: 7397: 7392: 7387: 7382: 7376: 7374: 7373:Eastern Berlin 7370: 7369: 7367: 7366: 7361: 7356: 7354:Victory Column 7351: 7346: 7341: 7336: 7331: 7326: 7321: 7316: 7314:Olympiastadion 7311: 7306: 7301: 7299:Kurfürstendamm 7296: 7291: 7286: 7281: 7276: 7271: 7266: 7261: 7256: 7251: 7246: 7245: 7244: 7234: 7229: 7223: 7221: 7220:Western Berlin 7217: 7216: 7209: 7207: 7205: 7204: 7199: 7194: 7189: 7184: 7179: 7174: 7173: 7172: 7162: 7157: 7156: 7155: 7150: 7140: 7135: 7130: 7128:Nikolaiviertel 7125: 7120: 7115: 7110: 7105: 7100: 7095: 7090: 7085: 7080: 7075: 7070: 7069: 7068: 7066:Hackesche Höfe 7058: 7056:Gendarmenmarkt 7053: 7052: 7051: 7041: 7036: 7031: 7026: 7025: 7024: 7014: 7009: 7004: 7003: 7002: 7000:Humboldt Forum 6992: 6987: 6982: 6977: 6972: 6971: 6970: 6963:Alexanderplatz 6959: 6957: 6951: 6950: 6942: 6941: 6934: 6927: 6919: 6910: 6909: 6904: 6901: 6900: 6898: 6897: 6892: 6887: 6882: 6877: 6872: 6867: 6861: 6859: 6855: 6854: 6852: 6851: 6846: 6841: 6836: 6831: 6826: 6821: 6816: 6811: 6809:Neubrandenburg 6806: 6801: 6796: 6791: 6786: 6781: 6776: 6771: 6766: 6761: 6756: 6751: 6746: 6741: 6736: 6731: 6726: 6720: 6718: 6714: 6713: 6711: 6710: 6705: 6700: 6695: 6690: 6685: 6680: 6675: 6670: 6665: 6660: 6655: 6649: 6647: 6643: 6642: 6639: 6638: 6636: 6635: 6630: 6625: 6620: 6615: 6610: 6605: 6600: 6595: 6590: 6585: 6580: 6575: 6570: 6565: 6560: 6555: 6550: 6545: 6540: 6535: 6529: 6527: 6523: 6522: 6520: 6519: 6514: 6509: 6504: 6499: 6494: 6489: 6483: 6481: 6474: 6470: 6469: 6458: 6457: 6450: 6443: 6435: 6428: 6427: 6415: 6395: 6394: 6388: 6380: 6375: 6370: 6361: 6356: 6351: 6346: 6337: 6332: 6327: 6319: 6304: 6299: 6280: 6279:External links 6277: 6276: 6275: 6264: 6253: 6238: 6212: 6195: 6179: 6173: 6160: 6142: 6132: 6129: 6126: 6125: 6105: 6082: 6059: 6034: 6009: 5983: 5957: 5946:. 13 June 2022 5935: 5917: 5899: 5881: 5869: 5856: 5831: 5805: 5787: 5761: 5735: 5709: 5683: 5657: 5631: 5613: 5595: 5583: 5564: 5549: 5544:, 10 May 2010 5529: 5504: 5479: 5460: 5438: 5420: 5402: 5372: 5358: 5334: 5319: 5307: 5292: 5270: 5249: 5233: 5208: 5183: 5167: 5145: 5130: 5118: 5088: 5063: 5035: 5023: 4998: 4973: 4948: 4930: 4914: 4899: 4881: 4853: 4837: 4825: 4810: 4798: 4786: 4774: 4762: 4732: 4720: 4708: 4693: 4681: 4669: 4654: 4642: 4610: 4598: 4573: 4548: 4531: 4504: 4492: 4477: 4457: 4439: 4414: 4389: 4364: 4352: 4340: 4310: 4278: 4261: 4242: 4230: 4205: 4180: 4148: 4127: 4115: 4100: 4088: 4063: 4037: 4025: 4000: 3988: 3976: 3951: 3939: 3927: 3906: 3891: 3866: 3849: 3837: 3822: 3799: 3787: 3766: 3737: 3725: 3701: 3676: 3622: 3597: 3576: 3552: 3528: 3507: 3486: 3462: 3434: 3400: 3384: 3361:Cold War Times 3346: 3321: 3296: 3271: 3235: 3207: 3176: 3164: 3137: 3112: 3099: 3098: 3096: 3093: 3090: 3089: 3083:operated from 3076: 3067: 3058: 3049: 3040: 3031: 3019: 3010: 2997: 2980: 2959: 2951:United Kingdom 2925: 2912: 2902: 2890: 2880: 2879: 2877: 2874: 2872: 2869: 2868: 2867: 2862: 2857: 2852: 2847: 2840: 2837: 2706: 2703: 2697:Wikidata query 2694: 2689: 2686: 2685: 2674: 2672: 2665: 2660: 2659: 2658: 2656: 2653: 2607: 2604: 2534: 2533:Event location 2531: 2485:Main article: 2482: 2479: 2461: 2458: 2448: 2445: 2401:Berlin airlift 2360: 2357: 2330:Manfred Stolpe 2314: 2311: 2057:One-Eleven 500 1950:BAC One-Eleven 1924:British United 1897:Boeing 727-100 1881:inclusive tour 1877:Saturn Airways 1842:London Gatwick 1767:Caravelle IIIs 1628:Eastern Europe 1485:Boeing 747-100 1456:ATL-98 Carvair 1360: 1359: 1339:it, or adding 1320: 1318: 1311: 1305: 1302: 1234: 1231: 1223:Western Allies 1208:Gail Halvorsen 1190: 1189: 1140: 1138: 1131: 1122:Main article: 1119: 1116: 1111:Gail Halvorsen 1075:Eagle Aviation 1043:C-47 Skytrains 1004:Berlin Airlift 988:Main article: 985: 984:Berlin Airlift 982: 870:Allied bombing 857: 854: 811:U6 U-Bahn line 786:Ernst Sagebiel 775:Berlin Airlift 750:Orville Wright 721: 718: 710: 709: 702: 701: 700: 622:, such as the 612: 609: 588:duty-free shop 580:Berlin Airlift 526:Berlin borough 485: 484: 474: 471: 470: 467: 466: 460: 457: 454: 450: 449: 443: 440: 437: 433: 432: 429: 425: 424: 421: 418: 408: 407: 399: 398: 392: 383: 382: 375: 374: 368: 367: 366: 365: 362: 361: 357: 356: 345: 341: 340: 308: 302: 301: 298: 291: 290: 288: 287: 281: 275: 272: 266: 260: 254: 251: 245: 242:Saturn Airways 239: 233: 227: 221: 215: 209: 203: 196: 194: 187: 186: 176: 172: 171: 161: 157: 156: 150: 146: 145: 143: 142: 134: 125: 123: 119: 118: 115: 111: 110: 101: 97: 96: 93: 89: 88: 84: 83: 81: 80: 69: 57: 54: 53: 45: 44: 36: 35: 28: 24: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7605: 7594: 7591: 7589: 7586: 7584: 7581: 7579: 7576: 7574: 7571: 7569: 7566: 7564: 7561: 7559: 7556: 7554: 7551: 7550: 7548: 7531: 7528: 7526: 7523: 7522: 7521: 7518: 7516: 7513: 7511: 7508: 7506: 7503: 7501: 7498: 7497: 7494: 7488: 7485: 7483: 7480: 7478: 7475: 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2722: 2720: 2716: 2712: 2698: 2682: 2681:MediaWiki.org 2678: 2673: 2664: 2663: 2652: 2650: 2646: 2642: 2641:raisin bomber 2638: 2633: 2631: 2627: 2619: 2616: 2612: 2603: 2601: 2597: 2593: 2589: 2584: 2582: 2578: 2573: 2571: 2566: 2564: 2560: 2556: 2551: 2549: 2545: 2541: 2530: 2527: 2525: 2521: 2518:In 2013, the 2516: 2514: 2510: 2506: 2501: 2499: 2495: 2488: 2478: 2475: 2471: 2467: 2466:ABB Formula E 2453: 2444: 2441: 2437: 2432: 2430: 2429:raisin bomber 2426: 2425:Junkers Ju 52 2422: 2418: 2415: 2409: 2405: 2402: 2397: 2395: 2391: 2387: 2382: 2378: 2374: 2369: 2365: 2356: 2354: 2350: 2346: 2341: 2339: 2335: 2331: 2327: 2319: 2310: 2308: 2304: 2299: 2297: 2293: 2289: 2286: 2281: 2279: 2275: 2271: 2267: 2263: 2259: 2255: 2252: 2247: 2245: 2241: 2237: 2233: 2229: 2225: 2221: 2217: 2213: 2209: 2204: 2201: 2197: 2192: 2190: 2186: 2182: 2178: 2174: 2165: 2161: 2156: 2149: 2145: 2141: 2137: 2105: 2100: 2098: 2094: 2090: 2086: 2081: 2080:joint venture 2075: 2073: 2068: 2066: 2062: 2058: 2054: 2049: 2044: 2043:competitors. 2041: 2036: 2035:jet equipment 2031: 2015: 2009: 2007: 2003: 1999: 1995: 1991: 1986: 1982: 1978: 1972: 1970: 1965: 1963: 1959: 1955: 1951: 1947: 1943: 1939: 1934: 1932: 1928: 1925: 1921: 1917: 1912: 1910: 1906: 1902: 1898: 1894: 1890: 1886: 1882: 1878: 1874: 1869: 1867: 1863: 1859: 1858:Berlin Senate 1855: 1851: 1847: 1843: 1839: 1838:Mediterranean 1835: 1830: 1827: 1822: 1818: 1813: 1811: 1807: 1803: 1799: 1794: 1790: 1786: 1782: 1777: 1774: 1772: 1768: 1764: 1760: 1756: 1752: 1748: 1744: 1740: 1736: 1732: 1727: 1725: 1720: 1718: 1714: 1710: 1706: 1702: 1699: 1694: 1692: 1689: 1688:Douglas DC-6B 1686: 1680: 1678: 1674: 1671: 1667: 1664: 1660: 1656: 1652: 1647: 1645: 1641: 1637: 1633: 1629: 1625: 1621: 1618:stationed in 1617: 1613: 1608: 1605: 1601: 1596: 1593: 1588: 1586: 1581: 1579: 1578:Douglas DC-4s 1575: 1574:unpressurised 1571: 1567: 1563: 1559: 1555: 1551: 1547: 1542: 1537: 1535: 1531: 1526: 1524: 1519: 1517: 1513: 1509: 1505: 1501: 1497: 1493: 1486: 1483: 1478: 1471: 1468: 1464: 1461: 1457: 1454: 1449: 1442: 1439: 1435: 1431: 1430:Douglas DC-6B 1428: 1423: 1416: 1413: 1408: 1401: 1397: 1394: 1389: 1382: 1379: 1374: 1366: 1356: 1346: 1342: 1338: 1334: 1328: 1326: 1321:This article 1319: 1310: 1309: 1301: 1300:(1986–1991). 1299: 1295: 1291: 1288:(1979–1991), 1287: 1284:(1975–1979), 1283: 1279: 1276:(1965–1975), 1275: 1270: 1268: 1264: 1261:(1962–1964), 1260: 1257:(1958–1964), 1256: 1252: 1248: 1247:Hiller OH-23A 1244: 1240: 1230: 1228: 1224: 1220: 1216: 1211: 1209: 1205: 1201: 1197: 1186: 1183: 1175: 1165: 1161: 1157: 1151: 1150: 1146: 1141:This section 1139: 1135: 1130: 1129: 1125: 1115: 1112: 1108: 1107: 1101: 1099: 1095: 1090: 1088: 1084: 1080: 1076: 1072: 1068: 1067:Freddie Laker 1063: 1061: 1057: 1053: 1049: 1044: 1040: 1036: 1029: 1024: 1020: 1018: 1014: 1013:air corridors 1006:, August 1948 1005: 1001: 996: 991: 981: 979: 975: 971: 966: 964: 960: 956: 953: 949: 945: 941: 936: 932: 930: 926: 922: 917: 915: 911: 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