406:, the corrupt and bizarre-acting Treasurer and VP of Central Park, but was for many decades thought to have been the work of Hilton's employer, William "Boss" Tweed, a corrupt politician who wasn't adequately compensated for his patronage. However, Tweed himself was fighting scandals regarding his corrupt dealings at the time, and was later proved innocent of the destruction of Hawkins' models in 2023, when the real culprit was revealed through reexamination of historical records and annual reports and minutes. Hilton's motivations towards the vandalism are largely unknown, but may have been personal, with Hilton being purported to have told Hawkins that he "should not bother with "dead animals", as there was enough to do among the living", and that Hilton had little understanding or appreciation for art or nature, with several instances being recorded of him whitewashing priceless relics, statues and artifacts in bizarre acts of vandalism. Furthermore, Hilton had been placed in charge of establishing the American Museum of Natural History, and it is possible he wanted to eliminate the planned Paleozoic Museum, which he saw as competition.
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additional daughters. On his 1874 return to
England, he seems to have become estranged from Louisa. He was living with his son by Mary, amidst what he described a "climax of domestic troubles" thought to indicate that Louisa had finally learned that their 38-year marriage had been invalid, and this may have led to his precipitous return to America in 1875. After his second return to England, he moved to
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In 1883, Hawkins again married Louisa, although since they were not cohabitants at the time this was probably done for legalistic reasons (to legitimize their children), and they apparently never reconciled before her death the next year. Hawkins suffered a debilitating stroke in 1889, leading to
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Hawkins had married in 1826 to Mary Selina Green, and by her had several children. In 1835, he met and fell in love with artist
Frances 'Louisa' Keenan, and the next year he left his family and bigamously married her. He kept in touch with Mary and her children, but lived with Louisa, having two
480:
Fauna boreali-americana, or, The zoology of the northern parts of
British America : containing descriptions of the objects of natural history collected on the late northern land expeditions under command of Captain Sir John Franklin, R.N. by: Sir John Richardson, Charles M Curtis, Sir John
491:
Group of
European bison or aurochs sculpture in Bronze Exhibited at Great Exhibition of the Works of Industry of all Nations (London), 1851. Modelled and chased for presentation to H.I.M. the Emperor of Russia, from the Zoological Society of London Currently there is only
239:, London on 8 February 1807, the son of Thomas Hawkins, an artist, and Louisa Anne Waterhouse, the daughter of a Jamaica plantation family of apparent Catholic sympathies. He studied at St. Aloysius College, and learned sculpture from
409:
Following the tragic loss of his studio through destruction of all of his dinosaur models at the hands of Hilton's vandals, he returned to
England in 1874, but almost immediately returned, doing dinosaur reconstructions at
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and other leading scientific figures of the time: Owen estimated the size and overall shape of the animals, leaving
Hawkins to sculpt the models according to Owen's directions.
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Franklin, Benjamin
Waterhouse Hawkins, William Kirby, Thomas Landseer, James de Carle Sowerby, William Swainson, Charles Edward Wagstaff. Published by John Murray (1829-1837)
832:
Paleontology has a long history of famous meals. On New Year's Eve, 1853, Sir
Richard Owen hosted a dinner for twenty fossil experts inside a life-size reconstruction of
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to be placed in the south London park to which the great glass exhibition hall was to be relocated. In this work, which took some three years, he collaborated with Sir
414:(then called the College of New Jersey) in Princeton, New Jersey (where he also created paintings of dinosaurs). These paintings remain in the collection of the
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402:, and began to create an enormous paleontological museum for New York City. The museum was to have been in Central Park. His work was all destroyed in 1871 by
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in south London. The models, accurately made using the latest scientific knowledge, created a sensation at the time. Hawkins was also a noted lecturer on
486:
Gleanings from the menagerie and aviary at
Knowsley Hall by John Edward Gray, Benjamin Waterhouse Hawkins, Edward Lear. Published by Knowsley (1846–50)
849:"Group of European bison or aurochs by Benjamin Waterhouse Hawkins - Mapping the Practice and Profession of Sculpture in Britain and Ireland 1851-1951"
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Comparative anatomy as applied to the purposes of the artist by
Benjamin Waterhouse Hawkins and George Wallis. Published by Winsor & Newton, Ltd.
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321:. The dinner party, hosted by Owen on 31 December 1853, garnered attention in the press. Most of the sculptures are still on display in
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737:"The curious case of Central Park's dinosaurs: The destruction of Benjamin Waterhouse Hawkins' Paleozoic Museum revisited"
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262:. The park was one of the largest private menageries in Victorian England and Hawkins' work was later published with
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Sculpture work for the famous Coalbrookdale company as exhibited at the 1851 Great exhibition. References to follow.
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418:. Hawkins also worked at the Centennial Exhibition of 1876 in Philadelphia. He again returned to Britain in 1878.
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The Dinosaurs of Waterhouse Hawkins: An Illuminating History of Mr. Waterhouse Hawkins, Artist and Lecturer
371:. Supported on an iron framework in a lifelike pose, this was the world's first mounted dinosaur skeleton.
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243:. At the age of 20, he began to study natural history and later geology. He contributed illustrations to
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museum similar to these he had created in Sydenham. He established a studio on the original site of the
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Meanwhile, possibly due to Derby's connections, Hawkins was appointed assistant superintendent of the
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Benjamin Waterhouse Hawkins' studio at the Central Park Arsenal, with models of extinct animals
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cast of the bronze in existence. The owners are also open to loan requests of the sculpture.
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in London. The following year, he was appointed by the Crystal Palace company to create 33
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Goldman, David. "Benjamin Waterhouse Hawkins and his New York City Paleozoic Museum."
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394:. During his ten years in America (1868–1878), Hawkins designed exhibit halls for the
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in Philadelphia in 1868, making it the first mounted dinosaur skeleton in the world.
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956:"A Buried History of Paleontology," Brian Selznick and David Serlin
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Bronze sculpture of cobra with inkwell and compass. Published 1850.
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Benjamin Waterhouse Hawkins' studio in Sydenham, where he made the
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Benjamin Waterhouse Hawkins and his New York City Paleozoic Museum
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to be near his first wife, Mary, who was ill. Mary died in 1880.
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mentions the famous New Year's Eve 1853 dinner party inside the
270:. Over the same period Hawkins exhibited four sculptures at the
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All in the Bones: A Biography of Benjamin Waterhouse Hawkins
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to deliver a series of lectures. Working with the scientist
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During the 1840s, he produced studies of living animals in
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made under his direction by Benjamin Waterhouse Hawkins.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/File:PXL_20240413_230021826.jpg
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artist renowned for his work on the life-size models of
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First Dinosaur Skeleton Ever Mounted for Public Display
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between 1847 and 1849, and was elected a member of the
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English sculptor and natural history artist (1807–1894)
962:"Divine Intervention, Dinosaurs, and Darwin's Descent"
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From Cabinet Magazine Online Issue 28, Winter 2007/08.
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Illustrated by Brian Selznick. Scholastic Press, 2001.
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Bronze cobra inkwell with compass Published 1850. See
447:, commemorating where he lived between 1856 and 1872.
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Hawkins was later commissioned to produce models for
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Coules, Victoria; Benton, Michael J. (10 May 2023).
466:, citing both Hawkins and Sir Richard Owen by name.
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A dinner was held inside the mould used to make the
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Dictionary of Nineteenth-Century British Scientists
211:(8 February 1807 – 27 January 1894) was an English
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946:Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University
669:Natural History Museum biographies Richard Owen
355:, Hawkins designed and cast an almost complete
927:Yann, Carla. "Benjamin Waterhouse Hawkins" in
306:life-size concrete models of extinct dinosaurs
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999:Fellows of the Geological Society of London
435:erroneous reports of his death. He died in
741:Proceedings of the Geologists' Association
268:"Gleanings from the Menagerie at Knowsley"
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443:at 22 Belvedere Road ("Fossil Villa") in
69:Learn how and when to remove this message
984:Fellows of the Linnean Society of London
942:Benjamin Waterhouse Hawkins Album images
363:foulkii which was then displayed at the
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235:Benjamin Waterhouse Hawkins was born in
32:This article includes a list of general
877:McCarthy, Steve; Gilbert, Mick (1994).
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245:The Zoology of the Voyage of HMS Beagle
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904:Bramwell, Valerie and Peck, Robert M.
709:Bristol, University of (11 May 2023).
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337:Benjamin Waterhouse Hawkins' mounted
931:, University of Chicago Press, 2004.
688:McCarthy and Gilbert, 1994. pp 19–24
679:McCarthy and Gilbert, 1994. pp 13–17
648:. Norwalk, CT: Weston Woods Studio.
221:dinosaurs in the Crystal Palace Park
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908:. Academy of Natural Sciences, 2008
646:The dinosaurs of Waterhouse Hawkins
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347:In 1868, he traveled to the
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278:in 1846 and a fellow of the
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365:Academy of Natural Sciences
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209:Benjamin Waterhouse Hawkins
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989:English male sculptors
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294:Further information:
534:) from Knowsley Park
412:Princeton University
154:St. Aloysius College
853:sculpture.gla.ac.uk
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323:Crystal Palace Park
994:English zoologists
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1009:1894 deaths
1004:1807 births
441:blue plaque
361:Hadrosaurus
340:Hadrosaurus
266:'s text as
254:Park, near
143:Nationality
51:introducing
978:Categories
631:References
470:Works list
237:Bloomsbury
225:zoological
116:Bloomsbury
108:1807-02-08
34:references
944:from the
834:Iguanodon
793:13 August
763:258624844
610:, by 1894
595:, by 1894
494:one known
464:Iguanodon
388:Manhattan
318:Iguanodon
256:Liverpool
151:Education
59:June 2013
715:phys.org
357:skeleton
252:Knowsley
227:topics.
213:sculptor
163:sculptor
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858:7 April
768:10 June
720:10 June
517:Gallery
146:British
47:improve
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