3538:
3792:
3704:
3902:
682:
650:
579:
1073:
564:. It is the central platform of the Benelux Union cooperation. It handles the secretariat of the Committee of Ministers, the Council of Benelux Union and the sundry committees and working parties. The General Secretariat provides day-to-day support for the Benelux cooperation on the substantive, procedural, diplomatic and logistical levels. The Secretary-General is Frans Weekers from the Netherlands and there are two deputies: Deputy Secretary-General Michel-Etienne Tilemans from Belgium and Deputy Secretary-General Jean-Claude Meyer from Luxembourg.
4377:
471:
969:
January 2015, the governments of the three countries, including, as far as
Belgium is concerned, the community and regional governments, signed in Brussels the Treaty of the Benelux Interparliamentary Assembly. This treaty entered into force on 1 August 2019. This superseded the 1955 Convention on the Consultative Interparliamentary Council for the Benelux. The official name has been largely obsolete in daily practice for a number of years: both internally in the Benelux and in external references, the name Benelux Parliament has been used
4463:
714:
110:
78:
92:
382:
367:
328:
928:
995:
and is familiar with the policy agreements and differences between the three countries. Building on what already been achieved, the
General Secretariat puts its knowledge, network and experience at the service of partners and stakeholders who endorse its mission. It initiates, supports and monitors cooperation results in the areas of economy, sustainability and security.
831:) in 2017; a new Benelux Treaty on Police Cooperation in 2018, providing for direct access to each other's police databases and population registers within the limits of national legislation, and allowing some police forces to cross borders in some situations. The Benelux is also committed to working together on
594:, the treaty that established the Benelux Customs Union. Ratified in 1947, the treaty was in force from 1948 until it was superseded by the Benelux Economic Union. The initial form of economic cooperation expanded steadily over time, leading to the signing of the treaty establishing the Benelux Economic Union (
2259:
819:, which replaced both offices upon its entry into force on 1 September 2006. This organisation is the official body for the registration of trademarks and designs in the Benelux. In addition, it offers the possibility to formally record the existence of ideas, concepts, designs, prototypes and the like.
1055:
Directives of the
Committee of Ministers are mere inter-institutional instructions towards the Benelux Council and/or the Secretariat-General, for which they are binding. This instrument has so far only been used occasionally, basically in order to organize certain activities within a Benelux working
1045:
Recommendations are non-binding orientations, adopted at ministerial level, which underpin the functioning of the
Benelux Union. These (policy) orientations may not be legally binding, but given their adoption at the highest political level and their legal basis vested directly in the Treaty, they do
994:
The
General Secretariat, which is based in Brussels, forms the cooperation platform of the Benelux Union. It acts as the secretariat of the Committee of Ministers, the council and various commissions and working groups. The General Secretariat has years of expertise in the area of Benelux cooperation
1031:
The
Committee of Ministers can draw up agreements, which are then submitted to the Benelux states (and/or their sub-state entities) for signature and subsequent parliamentary ratification. These agreements can deal with any subject matter, also in policy areas that are not yet covered by cooperation
849:
As of 1 January 2017, a new arrangement for NATO Air
Policing started for the airspace of Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxemburg (Benelux). The Belgian Air Component and the Royal Netherlands Air Force will take four-month turns to ensure that Quick Reaction Alert (QRA) fighter jets are available at
758:
The 1958 Treaty between the
Benelux countries establishing the Benelux Economic Union was limited to a period of 50 years. During the following years, and even more so after the creation of the European Union, the Benelux cooperation focused on developing other fields of activity within a constantly
549:. In 2015, 37% of the total number of EU cross-border workers worked in the Benelux; 35,000 Belgian citizens work in Luxembourg, while 37,000 Belgian citizens cross the border to work in the Netherlands each day. In addition, 12,000 Dutch and close to a thousand Luxembourg residents work in Belgium.
968:
is composed of 49 members from the respective national parliaments (21 members of the Dutch parliament, 21 members of the
Belgian national and regional parliaments, and 7 members of the Luxembourg parliament). Its members inform and advise their respective governments on all Benelux matters. On 20
779:
to reflect the broad scope on the union. The main objectives of the treaty are the continuation and enlargement of the cooperation between the three member states within a larger
European context. The renewed treaty explicitly foresees the possibility that the Benelux countries will cooperate with
947:
The Committee of Ministers is the supreme decision-making body of the Benelux. It includes at least one representative at ministerial level from the three countries. Its composition varies according to its agenda. The ministers determine the orientations and priorities of Benelux cooperation. The
979:
The Benelux Court of Justice is an international court. Its mission is to promote uniformity in the application of Benelux legislation. When faced with difficulty interpreting a common Benelux legal rule, national courts must seek an interpretive ruling from the Benelux Court, which subsequently
940:
Under the 2008 treaty there are five Benelux institutions: the Benelux Committee of Ministers, the Benelux Council, the Benelux Parliament, the Benelux Court of Justice, the Benelux Secretariat General. Beside these five institutions, the Benelux Organisation for Intellectual Property is also an
845:
In addition to cooperation based on a Treaty, there is also political cooperation in the Benelux context, including summits of the Benelux government leaders. In 2019 a Benelux summit was held in Luxembourg. In 2020, a Benelux summit was held – online, due to the COVID-19 pandemic – under Dutch
780:
other European member states or with regional cooperation structures. The new Benelux cooperation focuses on three main topics: internal market and economic union, sustainability, justice and internal affairs. The number of structures in the renewed Treaty has been reduced and thus simplified.
1021:
Their legally binding force concerns the Benelux states (and their sub-state entities), which have to implement them. However, they have no direct effect towards individual citizens or companies (notwithstanding any indirect protection of their rights based on such decisions as a source of
1035:
These are in fact traditional treaties, with the same direct legally binding force towards both authorities and citizens or companies. The negotiations do however take place in the established context of the Benelux working groups and institutions, rather than on an ad hoc basis.
2341:
Le 17 juin 2008, un nouveau Traité Benelux était signé. Désormais, la coopération va se concentrer sur trois thèmes-clés: le marché intérieur & l'union économique, le développement durable et la justice & les affaires intérieures et tout ceci sous un nouveau nom: l'Union
822:
Some examples of recent Benelux initiatives include: automatic level recognition of diplomas and degrees within the Benelux for bachelor's and master's programs in 2015, and for all other degrees in 2018; common road inspections in 2014; and a Benelux pilot with digital
540:
formed from joining the first few letters of each country's name and was first used to name the customs agreement that initiated the union (signed in 1944). It is now used more generally to refer to the geographic, economic, and cultural grouping of the three countries.
645:
process, which came into operation in 1985. Benelux cooperation has been constantly adapted and now goes much further than mere economic cooperation, extending to new and topical policy areas connected with security, sustainable development, and the economy.
745:
In 1965, the treaty establishing a Benelux Court of Justice was signed. It entered into force in 1974. The court, composed of judges from the highest courts of the three states, has to guarantee the uniform interpretation of common legal rules. This
767:
structure of Belgium. The original establishing treaty, set to expire in 2010, was replaced by a new legal framework (called the Treaty revising the Treaty establishing the Benelux Economic Union), which was signed on 17 June 2008.
4129:"Beschikking van het Comité van Ministers van de Benelux Economische Unie tot opstelling van een Protocol tot wijziging van het Verdrag van 31 maart 1665 betreffende de instelling en het statuut van een Benelux-Gerechtshof"
544:
The Benelux is an economically dynamic and densely populated region, with 5.6% of the European population (29.55 million residents) and 7.9% of the joint EU GDP (€36,000/resident) on 1.7% of the whole surface of the
3483:
3044:
552:
The main institutions of the Union are the Committee of Ministers, the Council of the Union, the General Secretariat, the Interparliamentary Consultative Council and the Benelux Court of Justice while the
762:
At the end of the 50 years, the governments of the three Benelux countries decided to renew the agreement, taking into account the new aspects of the Benelux-cooperation – such as security – and the new
3045:"Intergovernmental cooperation of the Baltic and the Benelux countries | Regional cooperation | Lithuania in the Region and the World | Foreign Policy | Ministry of Foreign Affairs"
835:. A joint political declaration in July 2020 called on the European Commission to prioritise cycling in European climate policy and Sustainable Transport strategies, to co-finance the construction of
606:, which came into force on 1 November 1960. Initially, the purpose of cooperation among the three partners was to put an end to customs barriers at their borders and ensure free movement of persons,
954:
The council is composed of senior officials from the relevant ministries. Its composition varies according to its agenda. The council's main task is to prepare the dossiers for the ministers.
1059:
All four instruments require the unanimous approval of the members of the Committee of Ministers (and, in the case of agreements, subsequent signature and ratification at national level).
1009:
The Treaty establishing the Benelux Union explicitly provides that the Benelux Committee of Ministers can resort to four legal instruments (art. 6, paragraph 2, under a), f), g) and h)):
3256:
1586:
4570:
3982:
2603:
3929:
3480:
859:
2995:
2970:
878:. Formed on 6 June 2007, the ministers for energy from the various countries represent a total of 200 million residents and 40% of the European electricity network.
2639:
3263:
3231:
2774:
804:
countries, or even further. In 2018, a renewed political declaration was adopted between Benelux and North Rhine-Westphalia to give cooperation a further impetus.
4098:
3952:
3874:
681:
2664:
3385:
3367:
3349:
3331:
3313:
3019:
4545:
3655:
649:
824:
898:
2944:
2715:
2689:
4525:
906:
4540:
2567:
1930:
1492:
4520:
2299:
1022:
international law). Only national provisions implementing a decision can directly create rights and obligations for citizens or companies.
578:
4139:
4032:
4422:
2799:
4560:
4535:
567:
The presidency of the Benelux is held in turn by the three countries for a period of one year. Belgium holds the presidency for 2024.
1978:
1962:
1544:
1526:
3835:
816:
554:
2629:"Traité entre le Royaume de Belgiqu€, le Grand-Duché de Luxembourg et le Royaume des Pays-Bas en matière de coopération policière"
4530:
4515:
3586:
2430:
910:
3986:
2592:
1018:
Decisions are legally binding regulations for implementing the Treaty establishing the Benelux Union or other Benelux treaties.
3296:
2516:
4505:
2954:
2927:
2154:
2068:
2063:
1214:
3501:"Discrimination in the EU in 2012 – Special Eurobarometer 393 (The question asked was "Do you consider yourself to be...?")"
2988:
4510:
2233:
842:
On 5 June 2018, the Benelux Treaty celebrated its 60 years of existence. In 2018, a Benelux Youth Parliament was created.
2826:
2628:
618:
between the three countries. This treaty was the first example of international economic integration in Europe since the
2767:
2534:
3766:
3628:
1914:
1474:
890:
747:
570:
About 80 percent of the Benelux population speaks Dutch, about 20 percent speaks French and one percent Luxembourgish.
4106:
3878:
3058:
2865:
2742:
2120:
4350:
3402:
2053:
1602:
717:
685:
660:
626:
2379:
2367:
D'Benelux-Unioun besteet aus dem Kinnekräich Belsch, dem hollännesche Kinnekräich an dem Groussherzogtum Lëtzebuerg.
4550:
4309:
4254:
4201:
3212:
3165:
3122:
2917:
985:
3257:"World Population Prospects 2022: Demographic indicators by region, subregion and country, annually for 1950-2100"
3012:
143:
4415:
4391:
3389:
3371:
3353:
3335:
3317:
1371:
2454:
2285:
2128:
Article 38 : le français et le néerlandais sont les langues officielles des institutions de l'Union Benelux
3669:
1946:
1508:
625:
The three countries therefore foreshadowed and provided the model for future European integration, such as the
2180:
4555:
2009:
2004:
811:. The three countries established a Benelux Trademarks Office and a Benelux Designs Office, both situated in
4565:
3703:
Some data refers to IMF staff estimates but some are actual figures for the year 2015, made in April 2016.
3577:
2403:
981:
724:
692:
667:
447:
439:
4303:
4248:
4195:
3708:
3665:
3542:
3206:
3159:
3116:
2803:
1072:
706:
630:
2328:
4500:
4408:
1777:
1090:
433:
409:
77:
1725:
1095:
832:
731:
699:
653:
591:
4345:
in: The European Economy - Growth and Crisis, Andrea Boltho, Editor, Oxford University Press, 1982,
2211:
998:
Benelux works together on the basis of an annual plan embedded in a four-year joint work programme.
2919:
Justice, Home Affairs and Security. European and international institutional and policy development
965:
964:(officially referred to as an "Interparliamentary Consultative Council") was created in 1955. This
2556:
3500:
3453:
1765:
1754:
1743:
1332:
1321:
1310:
916:
Since 2008 the Benelux Union works together with the German Land (state) North Rhine-Westphalia.
4293:
2303:
980:
renders a binding decision. The members of the Court are appointed from among the judges of the
4128:
4021:
3149:
2840:
2185:
1407:
919:
In 2018 Benelux Union signed a declaration with France to strengthen cross-border cooperation.
836:
789:
520:
and formal international intergovernmental cooperation of three neighbouring states in Western
501:
346:
3196:
2144:
1398:
902:
894:
808:
415:
4238:
3106:
1866:
1762:
1751:
1740:
1574:
1329:
1318:
1307:
425:
3828:
3765:, (Select all countries, "GDP, Per Capita GDP - US Dollars", and 2014 to generate table),
3624:
8:
4185:
1732:
1349:
1299:
727:
611:
607:
2665:"Benelux :: Benelux countries take the lead in stimulating European cycling policy"
2354:
4472:
4298:
4243:
4190:
3956:
3930:"GDP per capita, PPP (current international $ )", World Development Indicators database
3660:
3201:
3154:
3111:
2890:
1799:
1789:
1694:
1344:
1176:
1085:
1046:
entail a strong moral obligation for any authority concerned in the Benelux countries.
961:
764:
634:
239:
4376:
3569:
470:
91:
4346:
4330:
3762:
3734:
2950:
2923:
2150:
1715:
1354:
3435:
3416:
3285:
2520:
2058:
948:
presidency of the Committee rotates between the three countries on an annual basis.
801:
19:
This article is about the politico-economic union. For the geographical region, see
4495:
1816:
1805:
1794:
1360:
1276:
702:
2380:"Benelux Treaty of Economic Union - Belgium-Luxembourg-Netherlands [1958]"
4476:
4395:
3487:
2033:
2023:
1772:
1271:
1207:
882:
513:
493:
199:
181:
61:
3793:"Report for Selected Country Groups and Subjects (PPP valuation of country GDP)"
2491:
3906:
2096:
2048:
1900:
1874:
1856:
1455:
1439:
1419:
886:
828:
797:
656:
638:
546:
517:
485:
203:
186:
46:
4489:
2542:
2455:
https://www.benelux.int/files/9014/3042/3435/Political_declaration_signed.pdf
2401:, it was coined in August 1946 by that newspaper's correspondent in Belgium (
2397:
2092:
2043:
1999:
1821:
1785:
1759:
1748:
1737:
1340:
1326:
1315:
1304:
793:
695:
670:
642:
158:
145:
20:
4334:
4327:
Maken drie kleinen een grote? De politieke invloed van de Benelux, 1945-1955
3932:, World Bank. Database updated on 11 April 2016. Accessed on 14 April 2016.
2466:
2028:
1810:
1710:
1639:
1192:
788:
Benelux seeks region-to-region cooperation, be it with France and Germany (
734:
688:
663:
619:
862:, a regional cooperation group formed of five members—the Benelux states,
713:
4447:
3829:""Gross domestic product 2014, PPP", World Bank, accessed on 2 July 2015"
2286:"Gross domestic product at market prices (Current prices and per capita)"
1879:
1376:
1365:
1281:
875:
529:
221:
4462:
2690:"Benelux Countries Take the Lead in Stimulating European Cycling Policy"
4452:
3737:
3582:
1895:
1884:
1861:
1842:
1836:
1720:
1660:
1460:
1444:
1434:
1402:
1291:
1142:
720:
537:
533:
226:
4388:
1634:
2038:
1889:
1286:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1239:
1202:
812:
738:
674:
603:
583:
1994:
1905:
1830:
1560:
1385:
1219:
1197:
561:
397:
137:
1229:
590:
In 1944, exiled representatives of the three countries signed the
4442:
3436:"Invoeringswet openbare lichamen Bonaire, Sint Eustatius en Saba"
3227:
2088:
1265:
1260:
1224:
871:
867:
525:
216:
4383:
3909:. Database updated on 12 April 2016. Accessed on 14 April 2016.
2827:"Ratas meets with Benelux, Nordic, Baltic leaders in the Hague"
2716:"View from Brussels: Bicycles and the post-virus silver bullet"
2535:"Entrepreneurs | Benelux Office for Intellectual Property"
863:
521:
853:
1629:
1467:
1449:
1426:
1234:
615:
2357:(in Luxembourgish). Government of Luxembourg. 4 January 2018
3851:; European Union calculated by sum of individual countries.
3434:
Koninkrijksrelaties, Ministerie van Binnenlandse Zaken en.
3415:
Koninkrijksrelaties, Ministerie van Binnenlandse Zaken en.
1678:
1579:
1570:
1565:
1160:
889:(Sweden, Denmark and Finland), and all the other countries
557:
covers the same land but is not part of the Benelux Union.
393:
4400:
3473:
1006:
The Benelux Union involves intergovernmental cooperation.
927:
905:
and defence cooperation. Foreign relations in the wake of
858:
The Benelux countries also work together in the so-called
3763:
National Accounts Main Aggregates Database, December 2014
3481:
Religieuze betrokkenheid van bevolkingsgroepen, 2010–2014
771:
The new treaty has no set time limit and the name of the
3959:, Central Intelligence Agency. Accessed on 7 March 2014.
3736:
selecting all countries, GDP per capita (current US$ ),
3264:
United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs
3232:
United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs
2395:(1947) Vol. 15, No. 1/4, page 43. However, according to
931:
Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxembourg form the Benelux
3977:
3975:
3973:
3971:
3969:
3967:
3965:
3948:
3946:
3944:
3942:
3940:
3938:
3625:"GDP and its breakdown at current prices in US Dollars"
2467:"Benelux | Definition, Countries, History, & Facts"
4370:
3869:
3867:
3865:
3863:
3861:
3859:
3857:
2143:
Peaslee, Amos Jenkins; Xydis, Dorothy Peaslee (1974).
463:
3446:
2431:"Facts and figures, EU demographics | European Union"
846:
Presidency on 7 October between the prime ministers.
4288:
4286:
4284:
4282:
3962:
3935:
2916:
Vermeulen, Gert; Bondt, Wendy De (28 January 2015).
839:, and to provide funds to stimulate cycling policy.
815:. In 2005, they concluded a treaty establishing the
4571:
Bottom-up regional groups within the European Union
4280:
4278:
4276:
4274:
4272:
4270:
4268:
4266:
4264:
4262:
3854:
3455:
Eurobarometer 393: Discrimination in the EU in 2012
2492:"Algemene voorstelling van het Benelux-Gerechtshof"
807:The Benelux is particularly active in the field of
3925:
3923:
3921:
3919:
3917:
3915:
3822:
3820:
3818:
3816:
3814:
3812:
3810:
3729:
3727:
3725:
3723:
3721:
3719:
3717:
2138:
2136:
2087:In the Caribbean parts of the Netherlands, namely
3144:
3142:
3140:
3138:
3136:
3134:
3132:
3130:
2316:Dit alles onder een nieuwe naam: de Benelux Unie.
899:Economic and Monetary Union of the European Union
4487:
4259:
3983:"The World Factbook—Central Intelligence Agency"
3875:"The World Factbook—Central Intelligence Agency"
3699:
3697:
3695:
3693:
3691:
3689:
3687:
3262:("Total Population, as of 1 July (thousands)").
3191:
3189:
3187:
3185:
3183:
3181:
3179:
3177:
3175:
3173:
2393:Revue de l'Institut International de Statistique
958:Benelux InterParliamentary Consultative Council:
3912:
3807:
3714:
3433:
3414:
2593:"Trait_Benelux_inspection_du_transport_routier"
2133:
4233:
4231:
4229:
3251:
3249:
3127:
2915:
641:(EC–EU). The three partners also launched the
560:The Benelux General Secretariat is located in
4416:
4227:
4225:
4223:
4221:
4219:
4217:
4215:
4213:
4211:
4209:
3684:
3479:Schmeets, Hans; Mensvoort, Carly van (2015).
3170:
3101:
3099:
3097:
3095:
3093:
3091:
3089:
3087:
3085:
3083:
850:all times to be launched under NATO control.
4180:
4178:
4176:
4174:
4172:
4093:
4091:
4089:
3564:
3562:
3560:
3558:
3556:
3554:
3552:
2206:
2204:
2142:
1001:
897:, as well as discussing social matters, the
53:
4546:International organizations based in Europe
4170:
4168:
4166:
4164:
4162:
4160:
4158:
4156:
4154:
4152:
4016:
4014:
4012:
4010:
4008:
4006:
4004:
3903:World Economic Outlook Database, April 2016
3898:
3896:
3894:
3892:
3890:
3888:
3787:
3785:
3783:
3781:
3779:
3777:
3775:
3246:
2773:(Press release). Luxembourg. 2 April 2019.
1105:
988:and the 'Cour de cassation' of Luxembourg.
854:Cooperation with other geopolitical regions
753:
38:
4423:
4409:
4375:
4206:
3758:
3756:
3754:
3752:
3750:
3748:
3746:
3705:World Economic Outlook Database-April 2016
3080:
2743:"A 60th anniversary for the Benelux Union"
2557:"oÉcrsroru du Comité de Ministres Benelux"
469:
4086:
3549:
3222:
3220:
2740:
2201:
2175:
2173:
1619:
4389:Benelux Office for Intellectual Property
4149:
4099:"COUNTRY COMPARISON :: LABOR FORCE"
4001:
3885:
3772:
2146:International governmental organizations
2121:"Révision portant sur le traité de 1958"
1071:
926:
893:, sought to increase cooperation in the
881:In 2017 the members of the Benelux, the
817:Benelux Office for Intellectual Property
783:
712:
680:
648:
577:
555:Benelux Office for Intellectual Property
16:Western European politico-economic union
4329:. Bussum: Van Holkema & Warendorf.
4324:
3743:
3461:. European Commission. pp. 233–234
2943:Puig, LluĂs Maria de (1 January 2008).
1032:in the framework of the Benelux Union.
935:
311:75,140 km (29,010 sq mi)
4526:1944 establishments in the Netherlands
4488:
4145:from the original on 9 September 2021.
4022:"World Economic and Financial Surveys"
3650:
3648:
3646:
3644:
3642:
3640:
3638:
3533:
3531:
3529:
3527:
3525:
3523:
3521:
3217:
2713:
2573:from the original on 26 September 2018
2278:
2170:
911:2017 Turkish constitutional referendum
4404:
3619:
3617:
3615:
3613:
3611:
3609:
3607:
3302:from the original on 29 October 2008.
3059:"trait_Benelux_17.06.2008Ondertekend"
3001:from the original on 3 February 2020.
2069:Proposed United Kingdom Confederation
4541:International economic organizations
3826:
3733:Data refer mostly to the year 2014.
3490:, Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek
2986:
2942:
1076:Satellite photo of the Benelux, 2005
4521:Economic history of the Netherlands
3841:from the original on 9 October 2022
3635:
3518:
3025:from the original on 9 October 2022
2824:
2645:from the original on 26 August 2018
2302:(in Dutch). Benelux. Archived from
256:• Customs union treaty signed
13:
4318:
4038:from the original on 12 April 2016
3767:United Nations Statistics Division
3629:United Nations Statistics Division
3604:
2800:"Joint Declaration Benelux Summit"
2657:
1062:
748:international judicial institution
102:Member states of the Benelux Union
14:
4582:
4561:Organizations established in 1944
4536:1944 establishments in Luxembourg
4357:
3592:from the original on 12 June 2013
3539:"World Economic Outlook Database"
3228:"World Population Prospects 2022"
2949:. Council of Europe. p. 70.
2780:from the original on 22 July 2019
2768:"Benelux Prime Ministers' Summit"
2609:from the original on 8 April 2016
2064:Polish–Czechoslovak confederation
2054:United Kingdom of the Netherlands
627:European Coal and Steel Community
4461:
2741:de Muyser, Alain (3 June 2018).
759:changing international context.
582:Meeting of Benelux delegates in
381:
380:
366:
365:
327:
326:
108:
90:
76:
4121:
4074:
4062:
4050:
3493:
3427:
3408:
3396:
3378:
3360:
3342:
3324:
3306:
3278:
3051:
3037:
3018:. Benelux Union. January 2017.
3005:
2980:
2963:
2936:
2909:
2883:
2858:
2833:
2818:
2792:
2760:
2734:
2707:
2682:
2621:
2585:
2549:
2527:
2509:
2484:
2459:
2448:
2423:
2386:
2372:
2347:
2081:
1056:group or to give them impetus.
945:Benelux Committee of Ministers:
677:, Netherlands, on 28 April 1968
673:during a Benelux conference in
268:• Customs union in effect
4531:1944 establishments in Belgium
4516:Economic history of Luxembourg
3656:"GDP (Official Exchange Rate)"
3286:"Language selection - Statbel"
2321:
2292:
2252:
2226:
2113:
986:'Hoge Raad of the Netherlands'
1:
4080:
4068:
4056:
3769:. Accessed on 4 January 2016.
2806:(Netherlands). 7 October 2020
2212:"Structure of the Population"
2106:
2010:Netherlands Antillean guilder
2005:Netherlands Antillean guilder
907:Russia's annexation of Crimea
741:, Netherlands, on 24 May 2011
4506:History of the Low Countries
3711:. Accessed on 12 April 2016.
3578:World Development Indicators
2714:Morgan, Sam (16 July 2020).
2260:"Statistiques // Luxembourg"
2234:"Statistiques // Luxembourg"
1067:
992:Benelux General Secretariat:
833:adaptation to climate change
725:Luxembourgish Prime Minister
693:Luxembourgish Prime Minister
668:Luxembourgish Prime Minister
7:
4511:Economic history of Belgium
4430:
4341:Willy van Ryckeghem :
4304:Central Intelligence Agency
4249:Central Intelligence Agency
4196:Central Intelligence Agency
3907:International Monetary Fund
3709:International Monetary Fund
3666:Central Intelligence Agency
3543:International Monetary Fund
3207:Central Intelligence Agency
3160:Central Intelligence Agency
3117:Central Intelligence Agency
2804:Ministry of General Affairs
2017:
1116:Koninkrijk der Nederlanden
973:for a number of years now.
922:
707:Ministry of General Affairs
631:European Economic Community
341:405/km (1,048.9/sq mi)
10:
4587:
3740:. Accessed on 9 July 2015.
2989:"Benelux Court of Justice"
1778:Kingdom of the Netherlands
1123:Grand-Duché de Luxembourg
1119:Groussherzogtum LĂ«tzebuerg
1091:Kingdom of the Netherlands
941:independent organisation.
750:is located in Luxembourg.
573:
18:
4470:
4459:
4438:
3417:"Wet gebruik Friese taal"
2946:International Parliaments
1776:
1096:Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
1002:Benelux legal instruments
977:Benelux Court of Justice:
913:were also on the agenda.
860:Pentalateral Energy Forum
592:London Customs Convention
456:
446:
422:
404:
389:
374:
359:
345:
335:
320:
315:
305:
300:
296:
288:• Renewal in effect
286:
276:
266:
254:
250:
245:
235:
209:
195:
174:
133:and largest agglomeration
129:
107:
98:
89:
73:
30:
4394:2 September 2011 at the
4384:Benelux Court of Justice
4310:(Archived 2022 edition.)
4255:(Archived 2022 edition.)
4202:(Archived 2022 edition.)
3213:(Archived 2022 edition.)
3166:(Archived 2022 edition.)
3123:(Archived 2022 edition.)
2866:"History of the Benelux"
2435:european-union.europa.eu
2074:
1931:GDP (nominal) per capita
1493:GDP (nominal) per capita
754:Renewal of the agreement
602:) on 3 February 1958 in
600:Union Économique Benelux
596:Benelux Economische Unie
4551:International relations
3013:"Common Work Programme"
2471:Encyclopædia Britannica
1766:constitutional monarchy
1755:constitutional monarchy
1744:constitutional monarchy
1333:constitutional monarchy
1322:constitutional monarchy
1311:constitutional monarchy
1121:GroĂźherzogtum Luxemburg
885:, three members of the
175:Official languages
4325:Kersten, A.E. (1982).
3953:GDP - per capita (PPP)
3834:. Data.worldbank.org.
3403:Statistics Netherlands
2264:statistiques.public.lu
2238:statistiques.public.lu
2186:Statistics Netherlands
2149:. BRILL. p. 165.
1620:Associated territories
1390:Dutch, French, German
1106:
1077:
966:parliamentary assembly
932:
837:cycling infrastructure
790:North Rhine-Westphalia
773:Benelux Economic Union
742:
732:Belgian Prime Minister
710:
700:Belgian Prime Minister
678:
654:Belgian Prime Minister
587:
505:
497:
489:
278:• Renewal signed
54:
39:
4380:(in Dutch and French)
3506:. European Commission
3486:15 March 2017 at the
3266:, Population Division
3234:, Population Division
2922:. Maklu. p. 25.
2694:Dutch Cycling Embassy
2329:"A propos du Benelux"
1909:4.1% Other Christian
1403:Papiamento/Papiamentu
1075:
930:
895:Digital Single Market
809:intellectual property
792:) or beyond with the
784:Activities since 2008
716:
709:, on 10 November 1982
684:
652:
581:
130:Administrative centre
4556:Supranational unions
3827:Data (2 July 2015).
3570:"GDP (current US$ )"
2825:ERR (22 June 2017).
2331:(in French). Benelux
1979:Real GDP growth rate
1963:GDP (PPP) per capita
1870:1.2% Other Religion
1646:Official local name
1575:United States dollar
1545:Real GDP growth rate
1527:GDP (PPP) per capita
1102:Official local name
936:Benelux institutions
718:Dutch Prime Minister
686:Dutch Prime Minister
661:Dutch Prime Minister
424:• Summer (
322:• 2024 estimate
4566:Northwestern Europe
3672:on 24 December 2018
3293:www.statbel.fgov.be
2496:Benelux-Gerechtshof
2266:. 10 September 2024
2240:. 10 September 2024
2126:(in French). 2008.
1423:16% Other Christian
1215:Largest urban areas
1113:Königreich Belgien
1111:Royaume de Belgique
982:'Cour de cassation'
728:Jean-Claude Juncker
155: /
83:Logo of the Benelux
4473:Benelux Parliament
4299:The World Factbook
4244:The World Factbook
4191:The World Factbook
3957:The World Factbook
3661:The World Factbook
3440:wetten.overheid.nl
3421:wetten.overheid.nl
3392:on 9 January 2006.
3374:on 9 January 2006.
3356:on 9 January 2006.
3338:on 9 January 2006.
3320:on 9 January 2006.
3202:The World Factbook
3155:The World Factbook
3112:The World Factbook
2523:on 1 October 2009.
2306:on 13 January 2015
2181:"Bevolkingsteller"
1800:Evelyn Wever-Croes
1733:Form of government
1695:Population density
1655:Land Sint Maarten
1587:Military personnel
1518:$ 832.623 billion
1515:$ 494.121 billion
1484:$ 938.419 billion
1481:$ 454.687 billion
1464:3% Other Christian
1430:2% Other religion
1300:Form of government
1177:Population density
1086:Kingdom of Belgium
1078:
962:Benelux Parliament
933:
765:federal government
743:
711:
679:
635:European Community
588:
355:2021 estimate
4501:Regions of Europe
4483:
4482:
4302:(2024 ed.).
4247:(2024 ed.).
4194:(2024 ed.).
3205:(2024 ed.).
3158:(2024 ed.).
3115:(2024 ed.).
3068:. 3 February 1958
2987:Belkahla, Mehdi.
2956:978-92-871-6450-6
2929:978-90-466-0747-3
2802:(Press release).
2747:Diplomat Magazine
2300:"Over de Benelux"
2156:978-90-247-1601-2
2015:
2014:
1957:$ 0.3658 billion
1867:Jehovah's Witness
1824:(Prime Minister)
1813:(Prime Minister)
1802:(Prime Minister)
1784:Current heads of
1617:
1616:
1521:$ 55.730 billion
1487:$ 57.423 billion
1410:, French, German
1379:(Prime Minister)
1368:(Prime Minister)
1357:(Prime Minister)
1355:Alexander De Croo
1339:Current heads of
1258: : 1,054,793
1253: : 1,181,284
1248: : 2,480,394
1227: : 1,200,000
1222: : 2,500,000
1107:Koninkrijk België
825:consignment notes
478:
477:
376:• Per capita
4578:
4465:
4425:
4418:
4411:
4402:
4401:
4379:
4374:
4373:
4371:Official website
4338:
4312:
4307:
4290:
4257:
4252:
4235:
4204:
4199:
4182:
4147:
4146:
4144:
4133:
4125:
4119:
4118:
4116:
4114:
4105:. Archived from
4095:
4084:
4078:
4072:
4066:
4060:
4054:
4048:
4047:
4045:
4043:
4037:
4031:. 1 April 2016.
4026:
4018:
3999:
3998:
3996:
3994:
3985:. Archived from
3979:
3960:
3950:
3933:
3927:
3910:
3900:
3883:
3882:
3881:on 13 June 2007.
3877:. Archived from
3871:
3852:
3850:
3848:
3846:
3840:
3833:
3824:
3805:
3804:
3802:
3800:
3789:
3770:
3760:
3741:
3731:
3712:
3701:
3682:
3681:
3679:
3677:
3668:. Archived from
3652:
3633:
3632:
3631:. December 2015.
3621:
3602:
3601:
3599:
3597:
3591:
3574:
3566:
3547:
3546:
3535:
3516:
3515:
3513:
3511:
3505:
3497:
3491:
3477:
3471:
3470:
3468:
3466:
3460:
3450:
3444:
3443:
3431:
3425:
3424:
3412:
3406:
3400:
3394:
3393:
3388:. Archived from
3386:"Urbanaudit.org"
3382:
3376:
3375:
3370:. Archived from
3368:"Urbanaudit.org"
3364:
3358:
3357:
3352:. Archived from
3350:"Urbanaudit.org"
3346:
3340:
3339:
3334:. Archived from
3332:"Urbanaudit.org"
3328:
3322:
3321:
3316:. Archived from
3314:"Urbanaudit.org"
3310:
3304:
3303:
3301:
3290:
3282:
3276:
3275:
3273:
3271:
3261:
3253:
3244:
3243:
3241:
3239:
3224:
3215:
3210:
3193:
3168:
3163:
3146:
3125:
3120:
3103:
3078:
3077:
3075:
3073:
3063:
3055:
3049:
3048:
3041:
3035:
3034:
3032:
3030:
3024:
3017:
3009:
3003:
3002:
3000:
2993:
2984:
2978:
2977:
2975:
2967:
2961:
2960:
2940:
2934:
2933:
2913:
2907:
2906:
2904:
2902:
2897:. 4 January 2018
2887:
2881:
2880:
2878:
2876:
2862:
2856:
2855:
2853:
2851:
2837:
2831:
2830:
2822:
2816:
2815:
2813:
2811:
2796:
2790:
2789:
2787:
2785:
2779:
2772:
2764:
2758:
2757:
2755:
2753:
2738:
2732:
2731:
2729:
2727:
2720:eandt.theiet.org
2711:
2705:
2704:
2702:
2700:
2686:
2680:
2679:
2677:
2675:
2661:
2655:
2654:
2652:
2650:
2644:
2633:
2625:
2619:
2618:
2616:
2614:
2608:
2597:
2589:
2583:
2582:
2580:
2578:
2572:
2561:
2553:
2547:
2546:
2541:. Archived from
2531:
2525:
2524:
2519:. Archived from
2513:
2507:
2506:
2504:
2502:
2488:
2482:
2481:
2479:
2477:
2463:
2457:
2452:
2446:
2445:
2443:
2441:
2427:
2421:
2419:
2417:
2415:
2390:
2384:
2383:
2376:
2370:
2369:
2364:
2362:
2351:
2345:
2344:
2338:
2336:
2325:
2319:
2318:
2313:
2311:
2296:
2290:
2289:
2282:
2276:
2275:
2273:
2271:
2256:
2250:
2249:
2247:
2245:
2230:
2224:
2223:
2221:
2219:
2208:
2199:
2198:
2196:
2194:
2177:
2168:
2167:
2165:
2163:
2140:
2131:
2130:
2125:
2117:
2100:
2085:
1954:$ 3.128 billion
1951:$ 2.516 billion
1925:$ 1.059 billion
1922:$ 3.159 billion
1919:$ 2.664 billion
1817:Willem-Alexander
1806:Willem-Alexander
1795:Willem-Alexander
1624:
1623:
1361:Willem-Alexander
1277:Esch-sur-Alzette
1268: : 424,601
1242: : 522,522
1171:2,586.4 km
1134:The Netherlands
1109:
1080:
1079:
984:of Belgium, the
952:Benelux Council:
891:EU member states
703:Wilfried Martens
620:Second World War
536:. The name is a
473:
468:
465:
437:
413:
384:
383:
369:
368:
352:
330:
329:
262:
261:5 September 1944
170:
169:
167:
166:
165:
160:
159:50.850°N 4.350°E
156:
153:
152:
151:
148:
134:
112:
111:
94:
80:
65:
57:
50:
42:
28:
27:
4586:
4585:
4581:
4580:
4579:
4577:
4576:
4575:
4486:
4485:
4484:
4479:
4477:Flag of Benelux
4466:
4457:
4434:
4429:
4396:Wayback Machine
4369:
4368:
4360:
4321:
4319:Further reading
4316:
4315:
4292:
4291:
4260:
4237:
4236:
4207:
4184:
4183:
4150:
4142:
4131:
4127:
4126:
4122:
4112:
4110:
4097:
4096:
4087:
4079:
4075:
4067:
4063:
4055:
4051:
4041:
4039:
4035:
4024:
4020:
4019:
4002:
3992:
3990:
3981:
3980:
3963:
3951:
3936:
3928:
3913:
3901:
3886:
3873:
3872:
3855:
3844:
3842:
3838:
3831:
3825:
3808:
3798:
3796:
3791:
3790:
3773:
3761:
3744:
3732:
3715:
3702:
3685:
3675:
3673:
3654:
3653:
3636:
3623:
3622:
3605:
3595:
3593:
3589:
3572:
3568:
3567:
3550:
3537:
3536:
3519:
3509:
3507:
3503:
3499:
3498:
3494:
3488:Wayback Machine
3478:
3474:
3464:
3462:
3458:
3452:
3451:
3447:
3432:
3428:
3413:
3409:
3401:
3397:
3384:
3383:
3379:
3366:
3365:
3361:
3348:
3347:
3343:
3330:
3329:
3325:
3312:
3311:
3307:
3299:
3288:
3284:
3283:
3279:
3269:
3267:
3259:
3255:
3254:
3247:
3237:
3235:
3226:
3225:
3218:
3195:
3194:
3171:
3148:
3147:
3128:
3105:
3104:
3081:
3071:
3069:
3061:
3057:
3056:
3052:
3043:
3042:
3038:
3028:
3026:
3022:
3015:
3011:
3010:
3006:
2998:
2991:
2985:
2981:
2973:
2969:
2968:
2964:
2957:
2941:
2937:
2930:
2914:
2910:
2900:
2898:
2895:gouvernement.lu
2889:
2888:
2884:
2874:
2872:
2864:
2863:
2859:
2849:
2847:
2839:
2838:
2834:
2823:
2819:
2809:
2807:
2798:
2797:
2793:
2783:
2781:
2777:
2770:
2766:
2765:
2761:
2751:
2749:
2739:
2735:
2725:
2723:
2712:
2708:
2698:
2696:
2688:
2687:
2683:
2673:
2671:
2669:www.benelux.int
2663:
2662:
2658:
2648:
2646:
2642:
2631:
2627:
2626:
2622:
2612:
2610:
2606:
2595:
2591:
2590:
2586:
2576:
2574:
2570:
2559:
2555:
2554:
2550:
2545:on 4 June 2015.
2533:
2532:
2528:
2517:"Benelux union"
2515:
2514:
2510:
2500:
2498:
2490:
2489:
2485:
2475:
2473:
2465:
2464:
2460:
2453:
2449:
2439:
2437:
2429:
2428:
2424:
2413:
2411:
2402:
2391:
2387:
2378:
2377:
2373:
2360:
2358:
2353:
2352:
2348:
2334:
2332:
2327:
2326:
2322:
2309:
2307:
2298:
2297:
2293:
2284:
2283:
2279:
2269:
2267:
2258:
2257:
2253:
2243:
2241:
2232:
2231:
2227:
2217:
2215:
2210:
2209:
2202:
2192:
2190:
2179:
2178:
2171:
2161:
2159:
2157:
2141:
2134:
2123:
2119:
2118:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2103:
2086:
2082:
2077:
2034:Baltic Assembly
2024:Admiral Benelux
2020:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1852:Main religions
1847:Dutch, English
1820:
1809:
1798:
1773:Sovereign state
1663:
1622:
1573:
1465:
1463:
1458:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1429:
1424:
1422:
1415:Main religions
1375:
1364:
1353:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1274: : 134,714
1272:Luxembourg City
1264:
1263: : 656,342
1259:
1254:
1249:
1238:
1237: : 594,582
1233:
1232: : 749,110
1228:
1223:
1208:Luxembourg City
1168:41,543 km
1165:30,528 km
1145:
1122:
1120:
1112:
1110:
1070:
1065:
1063:Characteristics
1041:Recommendations
1004:
938:
925:
883:Baltic Assembly
856:
786:
756:
633:(EEC), and the
576:
474:
462:
461:
432:
429:
408:
377:
370:€1.431 trillion
362:
350:
338:
323:
308:
289:
279:
269:
260:
257:
231:
191:
163:
161:
157:
154:
149:
146:
144:
142:
141:
140:
132:
131:
125:
122:
121:
118:
115:
109:
104:
103:
85:
84:
81:
69:
68:
59:
44:
33:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4584:
4574:
4573:
4568:
4563:
4558:
4553:
4548:
4543:
4538:
4533:
4528:
4523:
4518:
4513:
4508:
4503:
4498:
4481:
4480:
4471:
4468:
4467:
4460:
4458:
4456:
4455:
4450:
4445:
4439:
4436:
4435:
4428:
4427:
4420:
4413:
4405:
4399:
4398:
4386:
4381:
4365:
4364:
4363:Official sites
4359:
4358:External links
4356:
4355:
4354:
4339:
4320:
4317:
4314:
4313:
4306:. 30 May 2022.
4294:"Saint Martin"
4258:
4251:. 19 May 2022.
4205:
4198:. 19 May 2022.
4148:
4120:
4109:on 30 May 2016
4085:
4073:
4061:
4049:
4000:
3989:on 17 May 2016
3961:
3934:
3911:
3884:
3853:
3806:
3771:
3742:
3713:
3683:
3634:
3603:
3548:
3517:
3492:
3472:
3445:
3426:
3407:
3395:
3377:
3359:
3341:
3323:
3305:
3277:
3245:
3216:
3209:. 26 May 2022.
3169:
3162:. 26 May 2022.
3126:
3119:. 26 May 2022.
3079:
3050:
3036:
3004:
2979:
2962:
2955:
2935:
2928:
2908:
2882:
2857:
2832:
2817:
2791:
2759:
2733:
2706:
2681:
2656:
2620:
2584:
2548:
2526:
2508:
2483:
2458:
2447:
2422:
2385:
2371:
2346:
2320:
2291:
2277:
2251:
2225:
2200:
2169:
2155:
2132:
2111:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2102:
2101:
2097:Sint Eustatius
2079:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2072:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2059:Visegrád Group
2056:
2051:
2049:Nordic Council
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2019:
2016:
2013:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1991:
1990:
1987:
1984:
1981:
1975:
1974:
1971:
1968:
1965:
1959:
1958:
1955:
1952:
1949:
1943:
1942:
1939:
1936:
1933:
1927:
1926:
1923:
1920:
1917:
1911:
1910:
1901:Roman Catholic
1892:
1875:Roman Catholic
1871:
1857:Roman Catholic
1853:
1849:
1848:
1845:
1839:
1833:
1826:
1825:
1814:
1803:
1792:
1781:
1780:
1775:
1769:
1768:
1757:
1746:
1735:
1729:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1707:
1706:
1703:
1700:
1697:
1691:
1690:
1687:
1684:
1681:
1675:
1674:
1671:
1668:
1665:
1657:
1656:
1653:
1650:
1647:
1643:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1621:
1618:
1615:
1614:
1611:
1608:
1605:
1599:
1598:
1595:
1592:
1589:
1583:
1582:
1577:
1568:
1563:
1557:
1556:
1553:
1550:
1547:
1541:
1540:
1537:
1534:
1529:
1523:
1522:
1519:
1516:
1513:
1505:
1504:
1501:
1498:
1495:
1489:
1488:
1485:
1482:
1479:
1471:
1470:
1456:Roman Catholic
1452:
1440:Roman Catholic
1431:
1420:Roman Catholic
1416:
1412:
1411:
1405:
1391:
1388:
1381:
1380:
1369:
1358:
1347:
1336:
1335:
1324:
1313:
1302:
1296:
1295:
1294: : 9,965
1289: : 22,403
1284: : 29,536
1279: : 36,625
1269:
1243:
1217:
1211:
1210:
1205:
1200:
1195:
1189:
1188:
1185:
1182:
1179:
1173:
1172:
1169:
1166:
1163:
1157:
1156:
1153:
1150:
1147:
1139:
1138:
1135:
1132:
1129:
1125:
1124:
1117:
1114:
1103:
1099:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1003:
1000:
937:
934:
924:
921:
887:Nordic Council
855:
852:
798:Nordic Council
785:
782:
755:
752:
657:Gaston Eyskens
639:European Union
575:
572:
518:economic union
506:Benelux-Unioun
476:
475:
457:
454:
453:
450:
444:
443:
430:
423:
420:
419:
406:
402:
401:
391:
387:
386:
378:
375:
372:
371:
363:
360:
357:
356:
353:
343:
342:
339:
337:• Density
336:
333:
332:
324:
321:
318:
317:
313:
312:
309:
306:
303:
302:
298:
297:
294:
293:
292:1 January 2010
290:
287:
284:
283:
280:
277:
274:
273:
272:1 January 1948
270:
267:
264:
263:
258:
255:
252:
251:
248:
247:
243:
242:
237:
233:
232:
230:
229:
224:
219:
213:
211:
207:
206:
204:economic union
197:
193:
192:
190:
189:
184:
178:
176:
172:
171:
135:
127:
126:
124:
123:
119:
116:
113:
101:
100:
99:
96:
95:
87:
86:
82:
75:
74:
71:
70:
67:
66:
51:
35:
34:
31:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4583:
4572:
4569:
4567:
4564:
4562:
4559:
4557:
4554:
4552:
4549:
4547:
4544:
4542:
4539:
4537:
4534:
4532:
4529:
4527:
4524:
4522:
4519:
4517:
4514:
4512:
4509:
4507:
4504:
4502:
4499:
4497:
4494:
4493:
4491:
4478:
4474:
4469:
4464:
4454:
4451:
4449:
4446:
4444:
4441:
4440:
4437:
4433:
4426:
4421:
4419:
4414:
4412:
4407:
4406:
4403:
4397:
4393:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4382:
4378:
4372:
4367:
4366:
4362:
4361:
4352:
4351:0-19-877118-5
4348:
4344:
4340:
4336:
4332:
4328:
4323:
4322:
4311:
4305:
4301:
4300:
4295:
4289:
4287:
4285:
4283:
4281:
4279:
4277:
4275:
4273:
4271:
4269:
4267:
4265:
4263:
4256:
4250:
4246:
4245:
4240:
4234:
4232:
4230:
4228:
4226:
4224:
4222:
4220:
4218:
4216:
4214:
4212:
4210:
4203:
4197:
4193:
4192:
4187:
4181:
4179:
4177:
4175:
4173:
4171:
4169:
4167:
4165:
4163:
4161:
4159:
4157:
4155:
4153:
4141:
4137:
4130:
4124:
4108:
4104:
4100:
4094:
4092:
4090:
4082:
4077:
4071:, pp. 121–123
4070:
4065:
4058:
4053:
4034:
4030:
4023:
4017:
4015:
4013:
4011:
4009:
4007:
4005:
3988:
3984:
3978:
3976:
3974:
3972:
3970:
3968:
3966:
3958:
3954:
3949:
3947:
3945:
3943:
3941:
3939:
3931:
3926:
3924:
3922:
3920:
3918:
3916:
3908:
3904:
3899:
3897:
3895:
3893:
3891:
3889:
3880:
3876:
3870:
3868:
3866:
3864:
3862:
3860:
3858:
3837:
3830:
3823:
3821:
3819:
3817:
3815:
3813:
3811:
3794:
3788:
3786:
3784:
3782:
3780:
3778:
3776:
3768:
3764:
3759:
3757:
3755:
3753:
3751:
3749:
3747:
3739:
3735:
3730:
3728:
3726:
3724:
3722:
3720:
3718:
3710:
3706:
3700:
3698:
3696:
3694:
3692:
3690:
3688:
3671:
3667:
3663:
3662:
3657:
3651:
3649:
3647:
3645:
3643:
3641:
3639:
3630:
3626:
3620:
3618:
3616:
3614:
3612:
3610:
3608:
3588:
3584:
3580:
3579:
3571:
3565:
3563:
3561:
3559:
3557:
3555:
3553:
3545:. April 2016.
3544:
3540:
3534:
3532:
3530:
3528:
3526:
3524:
3522:
3502:
3496:
3489:
3485:
3482:
3476:
3457:
3456:
3449:
3441:
3437:
3430:
3422:
3418:
3411:
3404:
3399:
3391:
3387:
3381:
3373:
3369:
3363:
3355:
3351:
3345:
3337:
3333:
3327:
3319:
3315:
3309:
3298:
3294:
3287:
3281:
3265:
3258:
3252:
3250:
3233:
3229:
3223:
3221:
3214:
3208:
3204:
3203:
3198:
3192:
3190:
3188:
3186:
3184:
3182:
3180:
3178:
3176:
3174:
3167:
3161:
3157:
3156:
3151:
3150:"Netherlands"
3145:
3143:
3141:
3139:
3137:
3135:
3133:
3131:
3124:
3118:
3114:
3113:
3108:
3102:
3100:
3098:
3096:
3094:
3092:
3090:
3088:
3086:
3084:
3067:
3060:
3054:
3046:
3040:
3021:
3014:
3008:
2997:
2990:
2983:
2972:
2966:
2958:
2952:
2948:
2947:
2939:
2931:
2925:
2921:
2920:
2912:
2896:
2892:
2891:"The Benelux"
2886:
2871:
2867:
2861:
2846:
2842:
2836:
2828:
2821:
2805:
2801:
2795:
2776:
2769:
2763:
2748:
2744:
2737:
2721:
2717:
2710:
2695:
2691:
2685:
2670:
2666:
2660:
2641:
2638:(in French).
2637:
2630:
2624:
2605:
2602:(in French).
2601:
2594:
2588:
2569:
2566:(in French).
2565:
2558:
2552:
2544:
2540:
2536:
2530:
2522:
2518:
2512:
2497:
2493:
2487:
2472:
2468:
2462:
2456:
2451:
2436:
2432:
2426:
2409:
2408:The Economist
2405:
2404:"Going Dutch"
2400:
2399:
2398:The Economist
2394:
2389:
2381:
2375:
2368:
2356:
2350:
2343:
2330:
2324:
2317:
2305:
2301:
2295:
2287:
2281:
2265:
2261:
2255:
2239:
2235:
2229:
2213:
2207:
2205:
2188:
2187:
2182:
2176:
2174:
2158:
2152:
2148:
2147:
2139:
2137:
2129:
2122:
2116:
2112:
2098:
2094:
2090:
2084:
2080:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2044:Low Countries
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2021:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
2000:Aruban florin
1998:
1996:
1993:
1992:
1988:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1976:
1972:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1960:
1956:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1944:
1940:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1928:
1924:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1915:GDP (nominal)
1913:
1912:
1907:
1902:
1897:
1893:
1891:
1886:
1881:
1876:
1872:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1854:
1851:
1850:
1846:
1844:
1840:
1838:
1834:
1832:
1828:
1827:
1823:
1822:Luc Mercelina
1818:
1815:
1812:
1807:
1804:
1801:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1787:
1783:
1782:
1779:
1774:
1771:
1770:
1767:
1764:
1763:parliamentary
1761:
1758:
1756:
1753:
1752:parliamentary
1750:
1747:
1745:
1742:
1741:parliamentary
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1730:
1727:
1724:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1708:
1704:
1701:
1698:
1696:
1693:
1692:
1688:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1676:
1672:
1669:
1666:
1662:
1659:
1658:
1654:
1652:Land Curaçao
1651:
1648:
1645:
1644:
1641:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1625:
1612:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1600:
1596:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1584:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1564:
1562:
1559:
1558:
1554:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1542:
1538:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1524:
1520:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1506:
1502:
1499:
1496:
1494:
1491:
1490:
1486:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1476:
1475:GDP (nominal)
1473:
1472:
1469:
1462:
1457:
1453:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1435:Non-Religious
1432:
1428:
1421:
1417:
1414:
1413:
1409:
1408:Luxembourgish
1406:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1383:
1382:
1378:
1373:
1370:
1367:
1362:
1359:
1356:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1337:
1334:
1331:
1330:parliamentary
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1319:parliamentary
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1308:parliamentary
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1297:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1278:
1273:
1270:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1244:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1218:
1216:
1213:
1212:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1190:
1186:
1183:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1174:
1170:
1167:
1164:
1162:
1159:
1158:
1154:
1151:
1148:
1144:
1141:
1140:
1136:
1133:
1130:
1127:
1126:
1118:
1115:
1108:
1104:
1101:
1100:
1097:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1081:
1074:
1060:
1057:
1053:
1052:
1047:
1043:
1042:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1028:
1023:
1019:
1016:
1015:
1010:
1007:
999:
996:
993:
989:
987:
983:
978:
974:
972:
967:
963:
959:
955:
953:
949:
946:
942:
929:
920:
917:
914:
912:
908:
904:
900:
896:
892:
888:
884:
879:
877:
873:
869:
865:
861:
851:
847:
843:
840:
838:
834:
830:
826:
820:
818:
814:
810:
805:
803:
799:
795:
794:Baltic States
791:
781:
778:
777:Benelux Union
774:
769:
766:
760:
751:
749:
740:
736:
733:
729:
726:
722:
719:
715:
708:
704:
701:
697:
696:Pierre Werner
694:
690:
687:
683:
676:
672:
671:Pierre Werner
669:
665:
662:
658:
655:
651:
647:
644:
640:
636:
632:
628:
623:
621:
617:
613:
609:
605:
601:
597:
593:
585:
580:
571:
568:
565:
563:
558:
556:
550:
548:
542:
539:
535:
531:
527:
523:
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
502:Luxembourgish
499:
498:Union Benelux
495:
491:
487:
483:
482:Benelux Union
472:
467:
460:
455:
451:
449:
445:
441:
435:
431:
427:
421:
417:
411:
407:
403:
399:
395:
392:
388:
379:
373:
364:
358:
354:
348:
344:
340:
334:
325:
319:
314:
310:
304:
299:
295:
291:
285:
281:
275:
271:
265:
259:
253:
249:
246:Establishment
244:
241:
238:
234:
228:
225:
223:
220:
218:
215:
214:
212:
210:Member states
208:
205:
201:
198:
194:
188:
185:
183:
180:
179:
177:
173:
168:
164:50.850; 4.350
139:
136:
128:
106:
105:
97:
93:
88:
79:
72:
63:
56:
55:Union Benelux
52:
48:
41:
37:
36:
32:Benelux Union
29:
26:
22:
21:Low Countries
4431:
4342:
4326:
4297:
4242:
4189:
4138:(in Dutch).
4135:
4123:
4111:. Retrieved
4107:the original
4102:
4076:
4064:
4052:
4040:. Retrieved
4028:
3991:. Retrieved
3987:the original
3879:the original
3843:. Retrieved
3797:. Retrieved
3674:. Retrieved
3670:the original
3659:
3594:. Retrieved
3576:
3508:. Retrieved
3495:
3475:
3463:. Retrieved
3454:
3448:
3439:
3429:
3420:
3410:
3398:
3390:the original
3380:
3372:the original
3362:
3354:the original
3344:
3336:the original
3326:
3318:the original
3308:
3292:
3280:
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3236:. Retrieved
3200:
3197:"Luxembourg"
3153:
3110:
3070:. Retrieved
3065:
3053:
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3007:
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2563:
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2543:the original
2539:www.boip.int
2538:
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2412:. Retrieved
2410:. 3 May 2008
2407:
2396:
2392:
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2374:
2366:
2359:. Retrieved
2355:"De Benelux"
2349:
2340:
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2323:
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2308:. Retrieved
2304:the original
2294:
2280:
2270:10 September
2268:. Retrieved
2263:
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2244:10 September
2242:. Retrieved
2237:
2228:
2218:10 September
2216:. Retrieved
2191:. Retrieved
2184:
2160:. Retrieved
2145:
2127:
2115:
2083:
2029:EU Med Group
1811:Gilmar Pisas
1711:Capital city
1686:444 km
1683:180 km
1640:Sint Maarten
1603:Labour force
1532:
1511:
1477:
1394:
1193:Capital city
1128:Common name
1058:
1054:
1050:
1048:
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1034:
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1024:
1020:
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821:
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787:
776:
772:
770:
761:
757:
744:
735:Yves Leterme
689:Ruud Lubbers
664:Piet de Jong
624:
599:
595:
589:
569:
566:
559:
551:
543:
509:
490:Benelux Unie
481:
479:
458:
361:• Total
307:• Total
282:17 June 2008
40:Benelux Unie
25:
4448:Netherlands
4136:Benelux.int
4059:, pp. 77–79
3465:29 December
3066:benelux.int
2841:"Benelux +"
2636:benelux.int
2600:benelux.int
2564:benelux.int
2414:6 September
2288:. Eurostat.
2162:4 September
1880:Pentecostal
1726:Philipsburg
1689:34 km
1649:Land Aruba
1377:Luc Frieden
1366:Dick Schoof
1282:Differdange
1152:17,203,616
1149:11,611,419
1137:Luxembourg
903:immigration
876:Switzerland
775:changed to
538:portmanteau
530:Netherlands
236:Legislature
222:Netherlands
162: /
117:Netherlands
4490:Categories
4453:Luxembourg
4042:14 October
3738:World Bank
3583:World Bank
3510:2 February
3072:14 October
2726:1 February
2699:1 February
2674:1 February
2649:14 October
2613:14 October
2577:14 October
2361:21 October
2335:9 February
2310:9 February
2189:(in Dutch)
2107:References
1896:Protestant
1885:Protestant
1862:Protestant
1843:Papiamentu
1837:Papiamento
1790:government
1721:Willemstad
1716:Oranjestad
1699:575.21/km
1661:Population
1610:7,884,000
1607:5,279,000
1503:$ 101,994
1461:Protestant
1445:Protestant
1345:government
1292:Ettelbruck
1143:Population
1051:Directives
1027:Agreements
721:Mark Rutte
534:Luxembourg
331:30,451,700
316:Population
240:Parliament
227:Luxembourg
114:Luxembourg
4239:"Curacao"
4081:IISS 2014
4069:IISS 2014
4057:IISS 2014
3107:"Belgium"
3029:31 August
2810:31 August
2784:31 August
2752:31 August
2722:. E&T
2214:. Statbel
2039:Inner Six
1973:$ 36,327
1970:$ 15,000
1967:$ 36,015
1947:GDP (PPP)
1941:$ 18,360
1938:$ 18,360
1935:$ 25,751
1890:Adventist
1831:languages
1829:Official
1819:(Monarch)
1808:(Monarch)
1797:(Monarch)
1539:$ 98,987
1536:$ 49,166
1531:$ 43,585
1509:GDP (PPP)
1500:$ 43,603
1497:$ 40,107
1397:English,
1395:Regional:
1386:languages
1384:Official
1374:(Monarch)
1363:(Monarch)
1352:(Monarch)
1287:Dudelange
1256:The Hague
1251:Rotterdam
1246:Amsterdam
1240:Charleroi
1203:Amsterdam
1187:247.2/km
1184:407.8/km
1181:363.6/km
1068:Countries
1014:Decisions
813:The Hague
739:The Hague
675:The Hague
604:The Hague
584:The Hague
448:Drives on
405:Time zone
351:(nominal)
4392:Archived
4335:63269615
4140:Archived
4113:4 August
4083:, p. 117
4033:Archived
3836:Archived
3587:Archived
3484:Archived
3297:Archived
3020:Archived
2996:Archived
2775:Archived
2640:Archived
2604:Archived
2568:Archived
2342:Benelux.
2018:See also
1995:Currency
1705:1110/km
1670:190,338
1667:106,537
1613:265,800
1561:Currency
1350:Philippe
1220:Brussels
1198:Brussels
1155:639,321
1131:Belgium
971:de facto
923:Politics
909:and the
802:Visegrad
643:Schengen
612:services
562:Brussels
514:politico
390:Currency
200:Politico
138:Brussels
4496:Benelux
4443:Belgium
4432:Benelux
4343:Benelux
4186:"Aruba"
4103:cia.gov
4029:imf.org
3993:22 June
3799:13 June
3270:17 July
3238:17 July
2875:4 March
2870:Benelux
2850:4 March
2845:Benelux
2476:28 June
2440:5 April
2089:Bonaire
1873:72.8%,
1841:Dutch,
1835:Dutch,
1760:Unitary
1749:Unitary
1738:Unitary
1702:344/km
1673:44,042
1664:(2021)
1635:Curaçao
1594:46,500
1591:37,500
1399:Frisian
1393:Dutch,
1327:Unitary
1316:Unitary
1305:Federal
1266:Haarlem
1261:Utrecht
1225:Antwerp
1146:(2021)
872:Austria
868:Germany
705:at the
608:capital
574:History
526:Belgium
510:Benelux
464:benelux
459:Website
385:€47,700
217:Belgium
147:50°51′N
120:Belgium
4349:
4333:
4308:
4253:
4200:
3845:2 July
3676:4 June
3596:2 July
3260:(XSLX)
3211:
3164:
3121:
2953:
2926:
2901:23 May
2501:10 May
2193:9 June
2153:
1989:3.60%
1986:3.60%
1983:2.40%
1899:33.1%
1894:41.9%
1855:75.3%
1597:1,510
1555:4.40%
1552:1.80%
1549:1.30%
1443:15.8%
1438:24.4%
1433:49.2%
874:, and
864:France
800:, the
796:, the
730:, and
698:, and
666:, and
629:, the
614:, and
586:, 1949
532:, and
528:, the
522:Europe
494:French
349:
182:French
150:4°21′E
62:French
58:
43:
4143:(PDF)
4132:(PDF)
4036:(PDF)
4025:(PDF)
3839:(PDF)
3832:(PDF)
3795:. IMF
3590:(PDF)
3573:(PDF)
3504:(PDF)
3459:(PDF)
3300:(PDF)
3289:(PDF)
3062:(PDF)
3023:(PDF)
3016:(PDF)
2999:(PDF)
2992:(PDF)
2974:(PDF)
2971:"PDF"
2778:(PDF)
2771:(PDF)
2643:(PDF)
2632:(PDF)
2607:(PDF)
2596:(PDF)
2571:(PDF)
2560:(PDF)
2124:(PDF)
2075:Notes
1906:Hindu
1904:5.2%
1883:3.2%
1878:6.6%
1865:1.7%
1860:4.9%
1786:state
1630:Aruba
1468:Islam
1450:Islam
1448:4.9%
1427:Islam
1372:Henri
1341:state
1235:Ghent
1230:Liège
829:e-CMR
616:goods
512:is a
508:) or
486:Dutch
452:right
187:Dutch
47:Dutch
4347:ISBN
4331:OCLC
4115:2014
4044:2022
3995:2016
3847:2015
3801:2016
3678:2015
3598:2015
3512:2016
3467:2015
3272:2022
3240:2022
3074:2022
3031:2021
2951:ISBN
2924:ISBN
2903:2023
2877:2024
2852:2024
2812:2021
2786:2021
2754:2021
2728:2022
2701:2022
2676:2022
2651:2022
2615:2022
2579:2022
2503:2016
2478:2024
2442:2024
2416:2012
2363:2018
2337:2015
2312:2015
2272:2024
2246:2024
2220:2024
2195:2021
2164:2011
2151:ISBN
2095:and
2093:Saba
1788:and
1679:Area
1580:Euro
1571:Euro
1566:Euro
1454:68%
1418:58%
1343:and
1161:Area
960:The
480:The
466:.int
440:CEST
394:Euro
301:Area
196:Type
1888:3%
1466:2%
1459:3%
1425:5%
1049:4.
1039:3.
1025:2.
1012:1.
737:in
434:UTC
426:DST
416:CET
410:UTC
398:EUR
347:GDP
4492::
4475:·
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4241:.
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