17:
405:
389:
72:
178:
83:
The manuscript was produced over several stages, including new material that was added as the manuscript passed from owner to owner. The origins of the manuscript are not known with certainty, nor is there agreement on its initial patron. The inclusion of certain heraldic symbols in its decorative
107:
as a wedding present. Personalizing additions to the manuscript's illumination that commemorate its ownership by the Duke and
Duchess of Bedford include two large portrait miniatures (ff. 256v and 257v), showing John kneeling before St George and Anne of Burgundy kneeling before St Anne.
189:
The contents of the
Bedford Hours can be divided into several major sections of content normal for a conventional book of hours, with the later addition of three smaller sections of supplementary material, mostly miniatures. These contents are:
92:(d. 1415). Or this first stage in production might have taken place later, after Louis's death, the heraldic symbols having no immediate reference to patronage, but simply being part of the standard iconographic programme of the workshop.
119:, Henry's tutor and personal physician. It is possible that it was in preparing the book as a gift to Henry that the portrait miniatures of the Bedfords were added, along with other additions to the programme of illumination.
360:(minor insertion) prayers and portraits of John, Duke of Bedford and his wife Anne, Duchess of Bedford (ff. 256r-59v): includes also the inscription by John Somerset, recording the gift of the manuscript to Henry VI
425:. The artists responsible for the manuscript have not been identified with certainty, but are collectively known as the "Bedford Workshop", and the head artist is likewise known as the "
115:
before his coronation as king of France. This gift was memorialized in the manuscript itself, on f. 256r, in an inscription made at the duke's request, written by
432:
The hands of the
Bedford Master and the Bedford Workshop have been identified in other manuscripts from this period, including the Salisbury Breviary (Paris,
161:
bought it: and in 1838 he gave it to his son, the Rev. John Tobin, who sold it in 1851 to the bookseller
William Boone. The manuscript was purchased by the
600:
135:
793:
154:
968:
973:
486:
821:. Beschreibendes Verzeichnis der Illuminierten Handschriften in Ă–sterreich 7. Vol. 3. Leipzig: Verlag von Karl W. Hiersemann.
395:
143:
96:
44:
909:
Stirnemann, Patricia; Rabel, Claudia (2005). "The 'Très Riches Heures' and Two
Artists Associated with the Bedford Workshop".
16:
464:
438:
111:
In 1430 Anne gave the manuscript as a
Christmas present to the nine-year-old Henry VI, who was staying with the Bedfords in
978:
436:, MS.lat. 17294), also owned by the Duke of Bedford. The illumination of the Bedford Hours is also related to that of the
963:
404:
256:
433:
36:
388:
71:
854:
835:
751:
Overview (and images of all pages) on The
British Library's Digitised manuscripts website. Retrieved 30 October 2012
138:
probably purchased the manuscript from
Frances Worsley, but he did not will it to his widow with the rest of the
783:
725:
248:
157:
bought the manuscript, along with the rest of
Edwards's library. Then from the sale of the Duke's library,
131:
801:
150:
347:
240:
864:
Reynolds, Catherine (2005). "The 'Très Riches Heures', the
Bedford Workshop and Barthélemy d'Eyck".
268:
244:
177:
277:, Litany, and Hours specific to the days of the week (ff. 96r-156v): includes large miniatures of
748:
661:
631:
422:
127:
887:
351:
343:
327:
223:
166:
468:
252:
195:
421:
The programme of decoration in the Bedford Hours is an outstanding example of late medieval
958:
458:
355:
298:
929:
457:
the Lamoignon Hours (Lisbon, Gulbenkian Foundation, MS LA 237): made c. 1420 and owned by
39:, including the portraits of the Duke and Duchess of Bedford, have been attributed to the
8:
331:
264:
232:
139:
100:
52:
446:. It is possible that some of the Bedford Hours miniatures were based on images in the
307:
286:
274:
182:
123:
845:
McKendrick, Scot (2011). "The Bedford Hours". In Scot McKendrick; et al. (eds.).
850:
831:
779:
443:
260:
85:
896:
Spencer, Eleanor P. (1965). "The Master of the Duke of Bedford: The Bedford Hours".
84:
programme may suggest an original patronage in the French royal family, perhaps the
660:
This list is adapted from the list of contents given in Backhouse 1990, p. 63, and
605:
478:
411:
227:
104:
89:
48:
617:
771:
755:
335:
302:
205:
56:
363:
Suffrages to the saints, commemorations of saints, special masses (ff. 260r-87v)
878:
819:
Die Westeuropäischen Handschriften und Inkunabeln der Gotik und der Renaissance
482:
426:
339:
311:
217:
162:
158:
40:
21:
609:
103:
from 1422 until his death in 1435. In 1423 he gave the manuscript to his wife
952:
474:
317:
213:
116:
76:
32:
367:
236:
209:
35:. It dates to the early fifteenth century (c. 1410–30); some of its
294:
882:
208:
miniatures (ff. 13v-18v): includes full-page miniatures of the story of
134:(1673-1750), wife of Sir Robert Worsley, 4th baronet of Appuldurcombe.
522:"Add MS 18850" on the British Library's Digitised Manuscripts website
290:
282:
716:" on the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation's Manuscripts Online website
130:(identifiable by their coats of arms, added to the manuscript), and
794:"The Book of Hours of Isabel of Brittany or The Hours of Lamoignon"
371:
165:
in 1852, and now forms part of the British Library's collection of
99:, the Duke of Bedford and regent of France on behalf of his nephew
366:(minor insertion) full-page miniature depicting the legend of the
321:
316:
French prayers (ff. 199v-207v): includes large miniatures of the
149:
After the Duchess's death, the Bedford Hours was sold in 1786 to
199:
278:
112:
736:"The Sobieski Book of Hours" on The Royal Collection website
95:
In the early 1420s the manuscript was in the possession of
828:
The Bedford Hours: The making of a Medieval Masterpiece
730:
664:
on the British Library's Digitised Manuscripts website.
310:(ff. 157r-99r): introduced by a large miniature of the
672:
670:
525:
706:
226:(ff. 19r-31v): includes large miniatures of the four
800:. The Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation. Archived from
688:
539:
537:
504:
502:
181:
Miniature of the Annunciation, with scenes from the
667:
647:
645:
442:(Chantilly, Musée Condé MS 65), illuminated by the
142:, instead bequeathing it directly to his daughter,
582:
534:
499:
155:George Spencer-Churchill, 5th Duke of Marlborough
950:
849:. London: The British Library. pp. 398–99.
697:
642:
453:Other products of the Bedford Workshop include:
235:(ff. 32r-95v): includes large miniatures of the
908:
719:
573:
564:
758:(1981). "A Reappraisal of the Bedford Hours".
555:
546:
518:
516:
514:
847:Royal Manuscripts: The Genius of Illumination
679:
604:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
511:
330:(ff. 208r-55v): includes miniatures of the
153:, a private collector who outbid the king.
844:
194:Calendar (ff. 1r-12v): decorated with the
770:
754:
863:
487:Margaret of Burgundy, Dauphine of France
176:
70:
15:
895:
816:
601:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
20:Folio 17v, showing the building of the
969:British Library additional manuscripts
951:
144:Margaret Bentinck, Duchess of Portland
876:
825:
632:"Digitised Manuscripts Add MS 18850"
285:, the Trinity, a performance of the
974:Cultural depictions of Adam and Eve
714:Book of Hours of Isabel of Brittany
485:): made c. 1420-1425, probably for
222:Gospel excerpts and prayers to the
13:
465:Ă–sterreichische Nationalbibliothek
439:Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry
14:
990:
922:
531:Stirnemann and Rabel 2005, p. 537
467:cod. 1855: made c. 1422-1425 for
398:praying before St George, f. 256v
597:
434:Bibliothèque nationale de France
403:
387:
289:, the Coronation of the Virgin,
830:. London: The British Library.
778:. London: The British Library.
654:
624:
591:
489:, and wife of Louis of Guyenne.
414:praying before St Anne, f. 257v
378:
43:and his workshop in Paris. The
598:Life, Page. "Edwards, James".
51:gave the book to their nephew
1:
742:
370:and its presentation to King
249:Annunciation to the shepherds
934:Online Gallery: Sacred Texts
883:"The Sobieski Book of Hours"
817:Hermann, Hermann J. (1938).
618:UK public library membership
7:
979:15th-century books in Latin
760:The British Library Journal
172:
10:
995:
964:Illuminated books of hours
257:Presentation in the Temple
66:
31:is a French late medieval
694:Reynolds 2005, pp. 536-37
676:Stirnemann and Rabel 2005
588:Backhouse 1990, pp. 59-61
348:Christ carrying the cross
891:. Inventory no. 1142248.
826:König, Eberhard (2007).
493:
412:Anne, Duchess of Bedford
354:from the cross, and the
301:, and the Virgin as the
911:The Burlington Magazine
898:The Burlington Magazine
866:The Burlington Magazine
543:McKendrick 2011, p. 399
508:McKendrick 2011, p. 398
350:, the Crucifixion, the
198:and the symbols of the
126:of France and his wife
888:Royal Collection Trust
186:
167:Additional manuscripts
80:
55:in 1430. It is in the
24:
936:. The British Library
703:Reynolds 2005, p. 529
651:Backhouse 1981, p. 47
610:10.1093/ref:odnb/8542
579:Backhouse 1990, p. 59
570:Backhouse 1990, p. 37
552:König 2007, pp. 76-77
469:Charles VII of France
396:John, Duke of Bedford
253:Adoration of the Magi
196:Labours of the Months
180:
122:Later owners include
74:
19:
726:Hermann 1938, p. 142
561:Spencer 1965, p. 496
459:Isabella of Brittany
128:Catherine de' Medici
332:Agony in the Garden
233:Hours of the Virgin
798:Manuscripts Online
448:Très Riches Heures
308:Office of the Dead
287:Office of the Dead
275:Penitential Psalms
204:(minor insertion)
187:
183:life of the Virgin
81:
49:Duchess of Bedford
25:
776:The Bedford Hours
616:(Subscription or
444:Limbourg brothers
318:Madonna and Child
261:Flight into Egypt
140:Harley collection
97:John of Lancaster
986:
945:
943:
941:
918:
905:
892:
873:
860:
841:
822:
813:
811:
809:
789:
772:Backhouse, Janet
767:
756:Backhouse, Janet
737:
734:
728:
723:
717:
710:
704:
701:
695:
692:
686:
683:
677:
674:
665:
658:
652:
649:
640:
639:
628:
622:
621:
613:
595:
589:
586:
580:
577:
571:
568:
562:
559:
553:
550:
544:
541:
532:
529:
523:
520:
509:
506:
479:Royal Collection
407:
391:
338:, Christ before
336:Arrest of Christ
105:Anne of Burgundy
90:Louis of Guyenne
59:, catalogued as
994:
993:
989:
988:
987:
985:
984:
983:
949:
948:
939:
937:
930:"Bedford Hours"
928:
925:
857:
838:
807:
805:
792:
786:
745:
740:
735:
731:
724:
720:
711:
707:
702:
698:
693:
689:
684:
680:
675:
668:
659:
655:
650:
643:
630:
629:
625:
615:
596:
592:
587:
583:
578:
574:
569:
565:
560:
556:
551:
547:
542:
535:
530:
526:
521:
512:
507:
500:
496:
419:
418:
417:
416:
415:
408:
400:
399:
392:
381:
303:Virgin of Mercy
175:
132:Frances Worsley
69:
57:British Library
12:
11:
5:
992:
982:
981:
976:
971:
966:
961:
947:
946:
924:
923:External links
921:
920:
919:
906:
893:
879:Bedford Master
874:
861:
855:
842:
836:
823:
814:
804:on 16 May 2012
790:
784:
768:
752:
744:
741:
739:
738:
729:
718:
705:
696:
687:
678:
666:
662:'Add MS 18850'
653:
641:
623:
590:
581:
572:
563:
554:
545:
533:
524:
510:
497:
495:
492:
491:
490:
483:Windsor Castle
471:
461:
427:Bedford Master
409:
402:
401:
393:
386:
385:
384:
383:
382:
380:
377:
376:
375:
374:(ff. 288r-89v)
364:
361:
358:
324:
314:
312:Last Judgement
305:
272:
271:of the Virgin.
230:
220:
218:Tower of Babel
202:
174:
171:
163:British Museum
159:Sir John Tobin
75:The exit from
68:
65:
41:Bedford Master
22:Tower of Babel
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
991:
980:
977:
975:
972:
970:
967:
965:
962:
960:
957:
956:
954:
935:
931:
927:
926:
916:
912:
907:
903:
899:
894:
890:
889:
884:
880:
875:
871:
867:
862:
858:
856:9780712358163
852:
848:
843:
839:
837:9780712349789
833:
829:
824:
820:
815:
803:
799:
795:
791:
787:
781:
777:
773:
769:
765:
761:
757:
753:
750:
747:
746:
733:
727:
722:
715:
709:
700:
691:
685:Reynolds 2005
682:
673:
671:
663:
657:
648:
646:
637:
633:
627:
619:
611:
607:
603:
602:
594:
585:
576:
567:
558:
549:
540:
538:
528:
519:
517:
515:
505:
503:
498:
488:
484:
480:
476:
472:
470:
466:
462:
460:
456:
455:
454:
451:
449:
445:
441:
440:
435:
430:
428:
424:
413:
410:Miniature of
406:
397:
394:Miniature of
390:
373:
369:
368:Fleurs-de-lis
365:
362:
359:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
326:Hours of the
325:
323:
319:
315:
313:
309:
306:
304:
300:
296:
292:
288:
284:
280:
276:
273:
270:
266:
262:
258:
254:
250:
246:
242:
238:
234:
231:
229:
225:
221:
219:
215:
211:
207:
203:
201:
197:
193:
192:
191:
184:
179:
170:
168:
164:
160:
156:
152:
151:James Edwards
147:
145:
141:
137:
136:Edward Harley
133:
129:
125:
124:King Henry II
120:
118:
117:John Somerset
114:
109:
106:
102:
98:
93:
91:
87:
78:
73:
64:
62:
58:
54:
50:
46:
42:
38:
34:
33:book of hours
30:
29:Bedford Hours
23:
18:
940:14 September
938:. Retrieved
933:
914:
910:
901:
897:
886:
869:
865:
846:
827:
818:
806:. Retrieved
802:the original
797:
775:
763:
759:
749:Add MS 18850
732:
721:
713:
708:
699:
690:
681:
656:
635:
626:
599:
593:
584:
575:
566:
557:
548:
527:
452:
447:
437:
431:
423:illumination
420:
379:Illumination
344:Flagellation
237:Annunciation
210:Adam and Eve
188:
148:
121:
110:
94:
82:
61:Add MS 18850
60:
28:
26:
959:1410s books
299:Crucifixion
295:Last Supper
228:Evangelists
953:Categories
904:: 495–502.
808:6 November
785:071230231X
743:References
620:required.)
356:Entombment
352:Deposition
269:Coronation
241:Visitation
214:Noah's Ark
77:Noah's Ark
37:miniatures
917:: 534–38.
872:: 526–33.
636:www.bl.uk
291:Pentecost
283:Bathsheba
774:(1990).
766:: 47–69.
475:Sobieski
463:Vienna,
320:and the
245:Nativity
216:and the
185:, f. 32r
173:Contents
101:Henry VI
79:, f. 16v
53:Henry VI
477:Hours (
328:Passion
322:Trinity
206:Genesis
86:dauphin
67:History
853:
834:
782:
614:
372:Clovis
342:, the
340:Pilate
334:, the
297:, the
293:, the
263:, and
224:Virgin
200:Zodiac
712:"The
494:Notes
279:David
265:Death
113:Rouen
942:2012
877:the
851:ISBN
832:ISBN
810:2012
780:ISBN
473:the
281:and
267:and
47:and
45:Duke
27:The
915:147
902:107
870:147
606:doi
429:".
955::
932:.
913:.
900:.
885:.
881:.
868:.
796:.
762:.
669:^
644:^
634:.
536:^
513:^
501:^
481:,
450:.
346:,
259:,
255:,
251:,
247:,
243:,
239:,
212:,
146:.
88:,
63:.
944:.
859:.
840:.
812:.
788:.
764:7
638:.
612:.
608::
169:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
.jpg)
.jpg)
