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for public funds to enhance its playing field. The inclusion of sport and physical activity in the
Bauhaus curriculum had various purposes. First, as Meyer put it, sport combatted a âone-sided emphasis on brainwork.â In addition, Bauhaus instructors believed that students could better express themselves if they actively experienced the space, rhythms and movements of the body. The Bauhaus approach also considered physical activity an important contributor to wellbeing and community spirit. Sport and physical activity were essential to the interdisciplinary Bauhaus movement that developed revolutionary ideas and continues to shape our environments today.
1372:(preliminary course) reflected a pragmatic approach to integrating theory and application. In their first year, students learnt the basic elements and principles of design and colour theory, and experimented with a range of materials and processes. This approach to design education became a common feature of architectural and design school in many countries. For example, the Shillito Design School in Sydney stands as a unique link between Australia and the Bauhaus. The colour and design syllabus of the Shillito Design School was firmly underpinned by the theories and ideologies of the Bauhaus. Its first year foundational course mimicked the
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923:. The Ministry of Education placed the staff on six-month contracts and cut the school's funding in half. The Bauhaus issued a press release on 26 December 1924, setting the closure of the school for the end of March 1925. At this point it had already been looking for alternative sources of funding. After the Bauhaus moved to Dessau, a school of industrial design with teachers and staff less antagonistic to the conservative political regime remained in Weimar. This school was eventually known as the Technical University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, and in 1996 changed its name to
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1074:", and the Nazi regime was determined to crack down on what it saw as the foreign, probably Jewish, influences of "cosmopolitan modernism". Despite Gropius's protestations that as a war veteran and a patriot his work had no subversive political intent, the Berlin Bauhaus was pressured to close in April 1933. Emigrants did succeed, however, in spreading the concepts of the Bauhaus to other countries, including the "New Bauhaus" of Chicago: Mies decided to emigrate to the United States for the directorship of the School of Architecture at the Armour Institute (now
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1009:, and other long-time instructors. Even though Meyer shifted the orientation of the school further to the left than it had been under Gropius, he didn't want the school to become a tool of left-wing party politics. He prevented the formation of a student communist cell, and in the increasingly dangerous political atmosphere, this became a threat to the existence of the Dessau school. Dessau mayor Fritz Hesse fired him in the summer of 1930. The Dessau city council attempted to convince Gropius to return as head of the school, but Gropius instead suggested
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901:", instead declaring "we want an architecture adapted to our world of machines, radios and fast cars." Gropius argued that a new period of history had begun with the end of the war. He wanted to create a new architectural style to reflect this new era. His style in architecture and consumer goods was to be functional, cheap and consistent with mass production. To these ends, Gropius wanted to reunite art and craft to arrive at high-end functional products with artistic merit. The Bauhaus issued a magazine called
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919:-controlled Thuringian state government. The school in Weimar experienced political pressure from conservative circles in Thuringian politics, increasingly so after 1923 as political tension rose. One condition placed on the Bauhaus in this new political environment was the exhibition of work undertaken at the school. This condition was met in 1923 with the Bauhaus' exhibition of the experimental
653:, has been compared to Bauhaus. Founded a year after the Bauhaus school, Vkhutemas has close parallels to the German Bauhaus in its intent, organization and scope. The two schools were the first to train artist-designers in a modern manner. Both schools were state-sponsored initiatives to merge traditional craft with modern technology, with a basic course in aesthetic principles, courses in
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1420:, a reorganized school continued in the same building, with no essential continuity with the Bauhaus under Gropius in the early 1920s. In 1979 Bauhaus-Dessau College started to organize postgraduate programs with participants from all over the world. This effort has been supported by the Bauhaus-Dessau Foundation which was founded in 1974 as a public institution.
615:, turned away from fanciful experimentation and towards rational, functional, sometimes standardized building. Beyond the Bauhaus, many other significant German-speaking architects in the 1920s responded to the same aesthetic issues and material possibilities as the school. They also responded to the promise of a "minimal dwelling" written into the new
1548:(NEB) initiative during her State of the Union address. The NEB is a creative and interdisciplinary movement that connects the European Green Deal to everyday life. It is a platform for experimentation aiming to unite citizens, experts, businesses and institutions in imagining and designing a sustainable, aesthetic and inclusive future.
539:, a cultural movement whose origins lay as early as the 1880s, and which had already made its presence felt in Germany before the World War, despite the prevailing conservatism. The design innovations commonly associated with Gropius and the Bauhausâthe radically simplified forms, the rationality and functionality, and the idea that
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stove". In
Britain, largely under the influence of painter and teacher William Johnstone, Basic Design, a Bauhaus-influenced art foundation course, was introduced at Camberwell School of Art and the Central School of Art and Design, whence it spread to all art schools in the country, becoming universal by the early 1960s.
893:, and in the same 1919 pamphlet proclaiming this "new guild of craftsmen, without the class snobbery", described "painting and sculpture rising to heaven out of the hands of a million craftsmen, the crystal symbol of the new faith of the future." By 1923, however, Gropius was no longer evoking images of soaring
1483:. Tel Aviv has the largest number of buildings in the Bauhaus/International Style of any city in the world. Preservation, documentation, and exhibitions have brought attention to Tel Aviv's collection of 1930s architecture. In 2003, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (
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and focused on the elements and principles of design plus colour theory and application. The founder of the school, Phyllis
Shillito, which opened in 1962 and closed in 1980, firmly believed that "A student who has mastered the basic principles of design, can design anything from a dress to a kitchen
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had already labelled the
Bauhaus "un-German" and criticized its modernist styles, deliberately generating public controversy over issues like flat roofs. Increasingly through the early 1930s, they characterized the Bauhaus as a front for communists and social liberals. Indeed, when Meyer was fired in
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to harness the new potentials of mass production, with a mind towards preserving
Germany's economic competitiveness with England. In its first seven years, the Werkbund came to be regarded as the authoritative body on questions of design in Germany, and was copied in other countries. Many fundamental
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Sport and physical activity were an essential part of the original
Bauhaus approach. Hannes Meyer, the second director of Bauhaus Dessau, ensured that one day a week was solely devoted to sport and gymnastics. 1 In 1930, Meyer employed two physical education teachers. The Bauhaus school even applied
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In late 1932, Mies rented a derelict factory in Berlin (Birkbusch Street 49) to use as the new
Bauhaus with his own money. The students and faculty rehabilitated the building, painting the interior white. The school operated for ten months without further interference from the Nazi Party. In 1933,
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and a series of books called "BauhausbĂŒcher". Since the Weimar
Republic lacked the number of raw materials available to the United States and Great Britain, it had to rely on the proficiency of a skilled labour force and an ability to export innovative and high-quality goods. Therefore, designers
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With the internationalism of modern architecture and design, there were many exchanges between the
Vkhutemas and the Bauhaus. The second Bauhaus director Hannes Meyer attempted to organise an exchange between the two schools, while Hinnerk Scheper of the Bauhaus collaborated with various Vkhutein
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He invented the name 'Bauhaus' not only because it specifically referred to Bauen ('building', 'construction')âbut also because of its similarity to the word BauhĂŒtte, the medieval guild of builders and stonemasons out of which
Freemasonry sprang. The Bauhaus was to be a kind of modern BauhĂŒtte,
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repudiated Meyer's politics, his supporters, and his architectural approach. As opposed to Gropius's "study of essentials", and Meyer's research into user requirements, Mies advocated a "spatial implementation of intellectual decisions", which effectively meant an adoption of his own aesthetics.
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with a leaning towards the New Objectivity favoured by Gropius, which was analogous in some ways to the applied arts side of the debate. Although this shift was an important one, it did not represent a radical break from the past so much as a small step in a broader, more gradual socio-economic
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In the next two years under Meyer, the architectural focus shifted away from aesthetics and towards functionality. There were major commissions: one from the city of Dessau for five tightly designed "LaubenganghÀuser" (apartment buildings with balcony access), which are still in use today, and
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closed down the Berlin school. Mies protested the decision, eventually speaking to the head of the Gestapo, who agreed to allow the school to re-open. However, shortly after receiving a letter permitting the opening of the Bauhaus, Mies and the other faculty agreed to voluntarily shut down the
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over patent rights to the cantilever chair design. Although Stam had worked on the design of the Bauhaus's 1923 exhibit in Weimar, and guest-lectured at the Bauhaus later in the 1920s, he was not formally associated with the school, and he and Breuer had worked independently on the cantilever
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Several specific features are identified in the Bauhaus forms and shapes: simple geometric shapes like rectangles and spheres, without elaborate decorations. Buildings, furniture, and fonts often feature rounded corners, sometimes rounded walls, or curved chrome pipes. Some buildings are
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called MƱhely, which means "the studio". Located on the seventh floor of a house on Nagymezo Street, it was meant to be the Hungarian equivalent to the Bauhaus. The literature sometimes refers to itâin an oversimplified mannerâas "the Budapest Bauhaus". Bortnyik was a great admirer of
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Later evaluation of the Bauhaus design credo was critical of its flawed recognition of the human element, an acknowledgment of "the dated, unattractive aspects of the Bauhaus as a projection of utopia marked by mechanistic views of human natureâŠHome hygiene without home atmosphere."
998:. Meyer favoured measurements and calculations in his presentations to clients, along with the use of off-the-shelf architectural components to reduce costs. This approach proved attractive to potential clients. The school turned its first profit under his leadership in 1929.
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1013:. Mies was appointed in 1930 and immediately interviewed each student, dismissing those that he deemed uncommitted. He halted the school's manufacture of goods so that the school could focus on teaching, and appointed no new faculty other than his close confidant
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questions of craftsmanship versus mass production, the relationship of usefulness and beauty, the practical purpose of formal beauty in a commonplace object, and whether or not a single proper form could exist, were argued out among its 1,870 members (by 1914).
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characterized by rectangular features, for example protruding balconies with flat, chunky railings facing the street, and long banks of windows. Some outlines can be defined as a tool for creating an ideal form, which is the basis of the architectural concept.
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and funded by the State of Saxony-Anhalt and the German Federal government. It is set to be the permanent home of the second largest Bauhaus collection at 49,000 objects, while paying homage to its strong influence in the city when Bauhaus arrived in 1925.
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observed no real distinction between the output of his architectural office and the school. The built output of Bauhaus architecture in these years is the output of Gropius: the Sommerfeld house in Berlin, the Otte house in Berlin, the Auerbach house in
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The paradox of the early Bauhaus was that, although its manifesto proclaimed that the aim of all creative activity was building, the school did not offer classes in architecture until 1927. During the years under Gropius (1919â1927), he and his partner
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The influence of the Bauhaus on design education was significant. One of the main objectives of the Bauhaus was to unify art, craft, and technology, and this approach was incorporated into the curriculum of the Bauhaus. The structure of the Bauhaus
1495:, as "an outstanding example of new town planning and architecture in the early 20th century." The citation recognized the unique adaptation of modern international architectural trends to the cultural, climatic, and local traditions of the city.
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successfully integrated art and mass production on a large scale. He designed consumer products, standardized parts, created clean-lined designs for the company's graphics, developed a consistent corporate identity, built the modernist landmark
516:, a renewed liberal spirit allowed an upsurge of radical experimentation in all the arts, which had been suppressed by the old regime. Many Germans of left-wing views were influenced by the cultural experimentation that followed the
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The Bauhaus movement was not focused on developing worker housing. Only two projects, the apartment building project in Dessau and the Törten row housing fall into the worker housing category. It was the Bauhaus contemporaries
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from 16 to 24 January concentrated on "the presentation and production of pieces by contemporary artists, in which the aesthetic issues and experimental configurations of the Bauhaus artists continue to be inspiringly contagious".
83:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge.
750:(an issue which remained a defining one throughout the school's existence), Gropius was made the director of a new institution integrating the two called the Bauhaus. In the pamphlet for an April 1919 exhibition entitled
1128:. Meyer's approach was to research users' needs and scientifically develop the design solution. He intended to place emphasis on Gropius' objective analysis of the properties determining an object's use value, known as
3204:
Bauhaus Lecture Notes 1930â1933. Theory and practice of architectural training at the Bauhaus, based on the lecture notes made by the Dutch ex-Bauhaus student and architect J.J. van der Linden of the Mies van der Rohe
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Meyer became director when Gropius resigned in February 1928, and brought the Bauhaus its two most significant building commissions, both of which still exist: five apartment buildings in the city of Dessau, and the
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in the decades following its demise, as many of the artists involved fled, or were exiled by the Nazi regime. In 1996, four of the major sites associated with Bauhaus in Germany were inscribed on the
524:. Such influences can be overstated: Gropius did not share these radical views, and said that Bauhaus was entirely apolitical. Just as important was the influence of the 19th-century English designer
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shop was discontinued when the school moved from Weimar to Dessau, even though it had been an important revenue source; when Mies van der Rohe took over the school in 1930, he transformed it into a
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at the Berlinische Galerie (6 September 2019 to 27 January 2020) presented 1,000 original artefacts from the Bauhaus-Archive's collection and recounted the history behind the objects. The
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in 1925 and new facilities there were inaugurated in late 1926. Gropius's design for the Dessau facilities was a return to the futuristic Gropius of 1914 that had more in common with the
2707:, London: Thames & Hudson, 1976, p. 164; Jean Louis Ferrier, Yann Le Pichon, Art of our century: the story of western art, 1900 to the present 1990, London : Longman, p. 521.
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as a field of study. The school closed in 1968, but the "Ulm Model" concept continues to influence international design education. Another series of projects at the school were the
528:(1834â1896), who had argued that art should meet the needs of society and that there should be no distinction between form and function. Thus, the Bauhaus style, also known as the
1078:) in Chicago and to seek building commissions. The simple engineering-oriented functionalism of stripped-down modernism, however, did lead to some Bauhaus influences living on in
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regime, having been painted as a centre of communist intellectualism. Internationally, former key figures of Bauhaus were successful in the United States and became known as the
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Sommerfeld House. During the Dessau years, there was a remarkable change in direction for the school. According to Elaine Hoffman, Gropius had approached the Dutch architect
762:, proclaimed his goal as being "to create a new guild of craftsmen, without the class distinctions which raise an arrogant barrier between craftsman and artist." Gropius's
395:("comprehensive artwork") in which all the arts would eventually be brought together. The Bauhaus style later became one of the most influential currents in modern design,
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was reconcilable with the individual artistic spiritâwere already partly developed in Germany before the Bauhaus was founded. The German national designers' organization
1601:
584:, and made full use of newly developed materials such as poured concrete and exposed steel. Behrens was a founding member of the Werkbund, and both Walter Gropius and
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As the centenary of the founding of Bauhaus, several events, festivals, and exhibitions were held around the world in 2019. The international opening festival at the
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to run the newly founded architecture program, and when Stam declined the position, Gropius turned to Stam's friend and colleague in the ABC group, Hannes Meyer.
788:, along with Gropius, comprised the faculty of the Bauhaus in 1919. By the following year their ranks had grown to include German painter, sculptor, and designer
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and the Grand Ducal Saxon School of Arts and Crafts for a newly affiliated architecture department. Its roots lay in the arts and crafts school founded by the
399:, and architectural education. The Bauhaus movement had a profound influence on subsequent developments in art, architecture, graphic design, interior design,
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therefore, in which craftsmen would work on common projects together, the greatest of which would be buildings in which the arts and crafts would be combined.
1112:, which brought the school much attention. The definitive 1926 Bauhaus building in Dessau is also attributed to Gropius. Apart from contributions to the 1923
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But Meyer also generated a great deal of conflict. As a radical functionalist, he had no patience with the aesthetic program and forced the resignations of
1356:(German: Hochschule fĂŒr Gestaltung â HfG Ulm) in Ulm, Germany, a design school in the tradition of the Bauhaus. The school is notable for its inclusion of
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Even before the Nazis came to power, political pressure on Bauhaus had increased. The Nazi movement, from nearly the start, denounced the Bauhaus for its "
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Guitemie Maldonaldo, "Une rĂ©ception diffĂ©rĂ©e et relayĂ©e. L'Atelier d'art abstrait et le "modĂšle-Bauhaus", 1950â1953", in: Martin Schieder, Isabelle Ewig,
1090:(highways) in 1935, many of the bridges and service stations were "bold examples of modernism", and among those submitting designs was Mies van der Rohe.
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of stonemasons. The early intention was for the Bauhaus to be a combined architecture school, crafts school, and academy of the arts. Swiss painter
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and Berlin. The acceptance of modernist design into everyday life was the subject of publicity campaigns, well-attended public exhibitions like the
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Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
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were needed and so was a new type of art education. The school's philosophy stated that the artist should be trained to work with the industry.
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or "preliminary course" that was the introduction to the ideas of the Bauhaus. Itten was heavily influenced in his teaching by the ideas of
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favoured by Itten was analogous in some ways to the fine arts side of the ongoing debate. This influence culminated with the addition of
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in Pittsburgh. The Harvard School was enormously influential in America in the late 1920s and early 1930s, producing such students as
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The changes of venue and leadership resulted in a constant shifting of focus, technique, instructors, and politics. For example, the
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was becoming more influential in German politics. When it gained control of the Dessau city council, it moved to close the school.
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657:, industrial design, and architecture. Vkhutemas was a larger school than the Bauhaus, but it was less publicised outside the
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380:. Along with the doctrine of functionalism, the Bauhaus initiated the conceptual understanding of architecture and design.
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housing development in Lawn Road in London before the war caught up with them. Gropius and Breuer went on to teach at the
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Ideal and utilitarian in the international style system: subject and object in the design concept of the 20th century
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movement that had been going on at least since 1907, when van de Velde had argued for a craft basis for design while
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and a lengthy debate over who should head the institution and the socio-economic meanings of a reconciliation of the
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Content in this edit is translated from the existing Hebrew Knowledge article at ]; see its history for attribution.
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804:, which was built between 1920 and 1921. A tumultuous year at the Bauhaus, 1922 also saw the move of Dutch painter
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3273:. DOCOMOMO journal (Documentation and conservation of buildings, sites and neighbourhoods of the modern movement).
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The Gendered World of the Bauhaus. The Politics of Power at the Weimar Republic's Premier Art Institute, 1919â1931
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The Bauhaus had a major impact on art and architecture trends in Western Europe, Canada, the United States and
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and worked together before their professional split. Their collaboration produced, among other projects, the
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respectively, who are rightfully credited with the thousands of socially progressive housing units built in
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to the faculty and ended when Itten resigned in late 1923. Itten was replaced by the Hungarian designer
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concept, leading to the patent dispute.) The most profitable product of the Bauhaus was its wallpaper.
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and had met Walter Gropius in Weimar between 1923 and 1925. Moholy-Nagy himself taught at the MƱhely.
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are two examples. (Breuer eventually lost a legal battle in Germany with Dutch architect/designer
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ZukunftsfĂ€hige Perspektiven in der Landschaftsarchitektur fĂŒr GartenstĂ€dte: City â Country â Life
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published in German in 1930 featured several illustrations of Vkhutemas/Vkhutein projects there.
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from 1930 until 1933, when the school was closed by its own leadership under pressure from the
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was also largely responsible for bringing the Bauhaus aesthetic to America and taught at both
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2324:. Rosalind Krauss, Yve-Alain Bois, Benjamin Buchloh. New York: Thames & Hudson. pp.
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1939:(Paperback). Fleming, John; Honour, Hugh (5th ed.). London: Penguin Books. p. 880.
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1463:: ŚŚąŚŚš ŚŚŚŚ Ś), refers to a collection of over 4,000 buildings built in the Bauhaus or
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The closure, and the response of Mies van der Rohe, is fully documented in Elaine Hochman's
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Neither Mies van der Rohe nor his Bauhaus students saw any projects built during the 1930s.
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had a cohesive architectural policy before they came to power in 1933, Nazi writers like
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In die Freiheit geworfen: Positionen zur deutsch-französischen Kunstgeschichte nach 1945
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Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 4th edn., 2009),
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to house the sculptors' studio at the Grand Ducal Saxon Art School, it was designated a
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People who were educated, or who taught or worked in other capacities, at the Bauhaus.
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O'Connor, Z. (2013). "The Shillito Design School: Australia's link with the Bauhaus".
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2235:(Paperback). Fleming, John; Honour, Hugh (5th ed.). Penguin Books. p. 44.
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2841:"Interview with Mathias Schwartz-Clauss, BoisbuchetÂŽs director and program curator"
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From 1919 to 1922 the school was shaped by the pedagogical and aesthetic ideas of
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Curtis, William (2000). "Walter Gropius, German Expressionism, and the Bauhaus".
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Curtis, William (1987). "Walter Gropius, German Expressionism, and the Bauhaus".
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1412:. This included live stage productions in the Bauhaus theater under the name of
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Subsequent examples which have continued the philosophy of the Bauhaus include
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and was operated as a design school with some architectural facilities by the
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The Vkhutemas, the Russian state art and technical school founded in 1920 in
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2867:"UNESCO, Decision Text, World Heritage Centre, retrieved 14 September 2009"
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2318:"1923: The Bauhaus ⊠holds its first public exhibition in Weimar, Germany"
2008:. Jesper Simonsen, Toni Robertson. New York: Routledge. 2013. p. 38.
2003:
1380:
One of the most important contributions of the Bauhaus is in the field of
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Google honored Bauhaus for its 100th anniversary on 12 April 2019 with a
1819:
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2263:(3rd ed. rev. ed.). New York: Thames and Hudson, Inc. p. 124.
170:. It was the longest-serving of the three Bauhaus locations (1925â1932).
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Frampton, Kenneth (1992). "The Bauhaus: Evolution of an Idea 1919â32".
1438:
A Bauhaus-style building with "thermometer" windows on Pines Street in
1349:
1188:
1144:
1083:
1018:
608:
404:
357:
312:
105:
to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
1960:
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3636:"Finding Aid for archive of Bauhaus typography collection, 1919â1937"
2632:
1840:
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837:. He was also influenced in respect to aesthetics by the work of the
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319:
above the entrance to the workshop block of the Bauhaus Dessau, 2005
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2639:. United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization
1679:
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re-settled in Chicago, enjoyed the sponsorship of the influential
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5792:
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4447:
4355:
2731:
Art of Our Century: The Story of Western Art, 1900 to the Present
1304:
school under the sponsorship of industrialist and philanthropist
1156:
1043:
800:. The first major joint project completed by the Bauhaus was the
690:
480:
292:
6348:
80:
8753:
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8332:
8301:
8259:
8053:
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7404:
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5901:
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4457:
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1484:
1258:
1234:, studied at this school before establishing in Paris in 1930.
1231:
1204:
1200:
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1930, a number of communist students loyal to him moved to the
961:
842:
711:
650:
450:, from 1932 to 1933âunder three different architect-directors:
447:
443:
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388:
369:
361:
297:
259:
245:
163:
8594:
WĂŒrzburg Residence with the Court Gardens and Residence Square
4225:
3570:
3182:
2599:
1925:// International Journal of Cultural Research, 4 (25), 72â80.
1431:, Hochschule fĂŒr Gestaltung in Ulm and Domaine de Boisbuchet.
308:
157:
8777:
8741:
8474:
8181:
6137:
2082:
Great Soviet Encyclopedia; Bolshaya Sovetskaya Entsiklopediya
1607:
Ceiling with light fixtures for stage in the Festsaal, Dessau
1480:
773:
3609:"Finding Aid for archive of Bauhaus student work, 1919â1933"
3434:(25th anniversary ed.). Köln: Taschen. pp. 83â92.
3149:. Translated by Krishna Winston. Wesleyan University Press.
7989:
6791:
4924:
4595:
2703:, Smithsonian Inst Press, 1992, p. 92; Edward Lucie-Smith,
2669:
2667:
1499:
organizes regular architectural tours of the city, and the
1105:
669:
members on the use of colour in architecture. In addition,
2788:
Design and Form: The Basic Course at the Bauhaus and Later
2773:
Bayer, H., Gropius, W., & Gropius, I. (Eds.). (1975).
1122:
Bundesschule des Allgemeinen Deutschen Gewerkschaftsbundes
992:
Bundesschule des Allgemeinen Deutschen Gewerkschaftsbundes
407:. Staff at the Bauhaus included prominent artists such as
7980:
Art in the Protestant Reformation and Counter-Reformation
2790:(Revised edition, 1975). New York: John Wiley & Sons.
1336:, Colorado in support of Paepcke's Aspen projects at the
915:, and the Bauhaus school received state support from the
3281:
From Bauhaus to Ecohouse: A History of Ecological Design
2664:
2005:
Routledge international handbook of participatory design
1894:
1892:
1890:
1888:
738:
as possible successors. In 1919, after delays caused by
3268:
3259:
2973:. Berlinische Galerie. 6 September 2019. Archived from
2233:
A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture
1937:
A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture
8398:
Collegiate Church, Castle, and Old Town of Quedlinburg
2126:
A New Design Philosophy: An Introduction to Defuturing
2941:"Bauhaus in pictures: The architects exiled by Nazis"
1965:
Rethinking the world Art and Technology â A new Unity
1885:
535:
However, the most important influence on Bauhaus was
3271:
The Tel-Aviv School : a constrained rationalism
3260:
Catherine Weill-Rochant (2008). Rita H. Gans (ed.).
3074:"Chronology - Institution - Stiftung Bauhaus Dessau"
3026:"Foundation - Institution - Stiftung Bauhaus Dessau"
2633:"Bauhaus and its Sites in Weimar, Dessau and Bernau"
2254:
2252:
76:
3320:
Archaeology of Modernism: Renovation Bauhaus Dessau
792:who headed the theatre workshop, and Swiss painter
603:. An entire group of working architects, including
8353:Bauhaus and its Sites in Weimar, Dessau and Bernau
3142:
754:, Gropius, still very much under the influence of
591:The Bauhaus was founded at a time when the German
141:Bauhaus and its sites in Weimar, Dessau and Bernau
8212:For official site names, see each article or the
3700:
3096:"Physical Education at The Bauhaus 1919 33 | PDF"
2616:
2353:(2nd ed.). Prentice-Hall. pp. 309â316.
2286:The Bauhaus: Masters & Students by Themselves
2249:
2230:
1934:
8870:
8502:Zollverein Coal Mine Industrial Complex in Essen
3590:"Fostinum: Photographs and art from the Bauhaus"
3240:
2619:Bauhaus Effects in Art, Architecture, and Design
2509:
845:, as well as the work of Austrian Expressionist
8433:Castles of Augustusburg and Falkenlust at BrĂŒhl
3317:
3298:
3140:
3134:
3001:"Bauhaus' 100th Anniversary Opens Museum Doors"
2597:
2283:
1524:also opened in September 2019, operated by the
503:
368:. The school became famous for its approach to
3264:(in French and German). Zurich: Kiriat Yearim.
2801:The International Journal of Design in Society
1982:(Reprinted. ed.). London: Phaidon Press.
874:had begun implementing industrial prototypes.
698:. Built between 1904 and 1911 and designed by
627:, among others, built large housing blocks in
101:accompanying your translation by providing an
67:Click for important translation instructions.
54:expand this article with text translated from
8167:
5069:
4263:
3686:
3337:Torsten Blume / Burghard Duhm (Eds.) (2008).
3221:
3163:
3141:Oskar Schlemmer (1972). Tut Schlemmer (ed.).
2513:Art, culture, and media under the Third Reich
1555:
769:references both building and the BauhĂŒtte, a
635:, films, and sometimes fierce public debate.
3183:Magdalena Droste, Peter Gossel, ed. (2005).
2971:"Original Bauhaus, The Centenary Exhibition"
2661:, London: Thames & Hudson, 1976, p. 164.
2546:
2516:. University of Chicago Press. p. 291.
2489:(2nd ed.). Prentice-Hall. p. 120.
1619:Dormitory balconies in the residence, Dessau
1364:, mostly realized in the decades afterward.
710:The school was founded by Walter Gropius in
675:Russia: an Architecture for World Revolution
563:German architectural modernism was known as
391:. It was grounded in the idea of creating a
360:operational from 1919 to 1933 that combined
356:for 'building house'), was a German
345:
3355:
3301:Bauhaus Dessau: Architecture Design Concept
3277:
2185:. Wiesbaden: Springer-Verlag. p. 113.
1914:
1912:
1532:
8589:Prehistoric pile dwellings around the Alps
8174:
8160:
5076:
5062:
4270:
4256:
3693:
3679:
3503:"Germany celebrates the Bauhaus Centenary"
3429:
3145:The Letters and Diaries of Oskar Schlemmer
2780:
2437:Michael Baumgartner and Josef Helfenstein
2315:
2161:Moscow: Governing the Socialist Metropolis
1518:Original Bauhaus, The Centenary Exhibition
438:The school existed in three German citiesâ
8542:Caves and Ice Age Art in the Swabian Jura
4277:
3201:
2923:"100 years Bauhaus: the opening festival"
2720:, Oldenbourg Verlag, 22 Nov 2006, p. 100.
2503:
2311:
2309:
2163:. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press
1721:Clock designed by Erich Dieckmann (1931)
680:
8551:Frontiers of the Roman Empire in Bavaria
3207:. Amsterdam: Architectura & Natura.
2699:See: William Chapin Seitz, Marla Price,
2258:
2210:. New York: Allworth Press. p. 98.
2122:
1909:
1852:
1433:
1269:in New Kensington, Pennsylvania and the
1236:
1178:
1023:
929:
876:
689:
638:
554:
425:
307:
291:
8448:Carolingian Westwork and Civitas Corvey
8293:Palaces and Parks of Potsdam and Berlin
8215:List of World Heritage Sites in Germany
3430:Fiell, Charlotte; Fiell, Peter (2005).
3388:
3339:Bauhaus.Theatre.Dessau: Change of Scene
2912:, Nature, 6 August 2019 (with pdf link)
2705:Late Modern: The Visual Arts Since 1945
2659:Late Modern: The Visual Arts Since 1945
2542:
2540:
2322:Art Since 1900: Volume 1 â 1900 to 1944
2261:Modern Architecture: A Critical History
2116:
1506:
1093:
897:and the craft-driven aesthetic of the "
575:work for the German electrical company
559:Poster for the Bauhausaustellung (1923)
14:
8871:
8579:Old Town of Regensburg with Stadtamhof
8527:The Architectural Work of Le Corbusier
7757:Contemporary Indigenous Australian art
3571:"Manifesto of the Staatliches Bauhaus"
3359:Student Life at the Bauhaus, 1919â1933
3269:Catherine Weill-Rochant (April 2009).
2625:
2600:"Manifesto of the Staatliches Bauhaus"
2484:
2457:
2348:
2306:
2288:. London: Conran Octopus. p. 32.
2205:
1977:
1928:
1565:Category:Academic staff of the Bauhaus
1404:The physical plant at Dessau survived
661:and consequently, is less familiar in
487:and would not allow any supporters of
8155:
5777:Art of the late 16th century in Milan
5057:
4251:
3674:
3245:. Munich, London, New York: Prestel.
3121:"100th Anniversary of Bauhaus Doodle"
2994:
2992:
2909:The Bauhaus at 100: science by design
2180:
2074:
2072:
1108:, and the competition design for the
716:Grand-Ducal Saxon Academy of Fine Art
494:
383:The Bauhaus was founded by architect
331:
8283:Museumsinsel (Museum Island), Berlin
3666:University of Michigan Museum of Art
2826:Schjeldahl, Peter, "Bauhaus Rules,"
2729:Jean Louis Ferrier, Yann Le Pichon,
2617:James-Chakraborty, Kathleen (2022).
2551:. Rizzoli New York. pp. 87â93.
2537:
2064:Funk and Wagnall's New Encyclopaedia
1537:In September 2020, President of the
1155:, as the city architects of Berlin,
1050:Although neither the Nazi Party nor
889:Gropius was not necessarily against
796:, joined in 1922 by Russian painter
714:on 1 April 1919, as a merger of the
36:
8559:Upper Germanic & Rhaetian Limes
8373:Erzgebirge/KruĆĄnohoĆĂ Mining Region
3568:
3389:Edwards, M. Jean (September 2019).
3226:. Frankfurt, New York: Peter Lang.
2439:At the Bauhaus in Weimar, 1921â1924
1631:Mechanically opened windows, Dessau
24:
8944:School buildings completed in 1926
8306:Upper Harz Water Management System
7112:Vienna School of Fantastic Realism
5963:Neoclassical architecture in Milan
3662:Collection: Artists of the Bauhaus
3382:
3370:. arnoldsche Art Publishers 2019,
2989:
2069:
1858:
1799:International style (architecture)
1326:Washington University in St. Louis
911:Weimar was in the German state of
720:Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach
27:German art school and art movement
25:
8975:
8894:1933 disestablishments in Germany
8884:Modernist architecture in Germany
7186:American Figurative Expressionism
5522:International Gothic art in Italy
3551:"Glossary definition for Bauhaus"
3457:
2998:
2947:. 16 January 2019. Archived from
1445:
1332:, sponsored by Paepcke, moved to
1263:Harvard Graduate School of Design
722:in 1906, and directed by Belgian
8532:Augsburg Water Management System
8522:Abbey and AltenmĂŒnster of Lorsch
8241:Berlin Modernism Housing Estates
8200:
8182:
8136:
8135:
6695:Neue KĂŒnstlervereinigung MĂŒnchen
4224:
3262:Bauhaus: Architektur in Tel Aviv
2733:, 1990, London: Longman, p. 521.
2381:. The Metropolitan Museum of Art
2100:The Challenge of the Avant-Garde
1714:
1709:Heinrich Neuy's children's chair
1702:
1686:
1671:
1652:
1636:
1624:
1612:
1600:
1588:
1475:architects who emigrated to the
1314:Illinois Institute of Technology
1082:. When Hitler's chief engineer,
1076:Illinois Institute of Technology
976:of the Werkbund pavilion or the
752:Exhibition of Unknown Architects
272:
258:
244:
237:
156:
41:
8964:World Heritage Sites in Germany
8388:Muskauer Park / Park MuĆŒakowski
7617:Tunisian collaborative painting
7090:International Typographic Style
3113:
3088:
3066:
3040:
3018:
2963:
2933:
2915:
2900:
2873:
2859:
2833:
2820:
2806:
2793:
2767:
2742:
2736:
2723:
2710:
2693:
2680:
2651:
2610:
2591:
2578:
2565:
2478:
2451:
2431:
2428:(Cologne: Könemann, 1999), 406.
2418:
2393:
2367:
2342:
2277:
2231:Pevsner, Nikolaus, ed. (1999).
2224:
2199:
2174:
2150:
2092:
1935:Pevsner, Nikolaus, ed. (1999).
1693:The Molitor Grapholux lamp, by
1595:A stage in the Festsaal, Dessau
1213:In 1928, the Hungarian painter
1210:(with two more added in 2017).
835:Friedrich Wilhelm August Fröbel
588:worked for him in this period.
8889:1919 establishments in Germany
7370:The Caribbean Artists Movement
2777:. London: Secker& Warburg.
2745:"HfG-Archiv Ulm â The HfG Ulm"
2743:Ulm, Ulmer Museum/HfG-Archiv.
2677:, New York: Crown, 1972, p. 12
2598:Gropius, Walter (April 1919).
2487:Modern Architecture Since 1900
2351:Modern Architecture Since 1900
2057:
2044:
1996:
1971:
1953:
1859:
1826:New Objectivity (architecture)
1249:New Objectivity (architecture)
1217:founded a school of design in
333:[ËÊtaËtlÉȘçÉsËbaÊËhaÊs]
111:You may also add the template
13:
1:
8555:Frontiers of the Roman Empire
8266:Archaeological Border Complex
5726:Dutch and Flemish Renaissance
3362:(M.A.). Boston: UMass-Boston.
3318:Monika Markgraf, ed. (2007).
2690:, Paris: Hazan, 1989, p. 199.
2284:Whitford, Frank, ed. (1992).
2052:The Coming of the Third Reich
1124:(ADGB Trade Union School) in
994:(ADGB Trade Union School) in
512:and the establishment of the
221:8.1614 ha (20.167 acres)
8574:Monastic Island of Reichenau
7841:Modern European ink painting
7213:Bay Area Figurative Movement
3483:Resources in other libraries
3135:General and cited references
2886:Bauhaus Foundation, Tel Aviv
2688:History of Abstract Painting
2637:UNESCO World Heritage Centre
2208:The Industrial Design Reader
1879:
1678:A Bauhaus style building in
1493:World Cultural Heritage site
1477:British Mandate of Palestine
1242:Bauhaus Foundation, Tel Aviv
504:Bauhaus and German modernism
7:
8924:German architectural styles
8564:Maulbronn Monastery Complex
8358:Dessau-Wörlitz Garden Realm
7502:Artificial intelligence art
2575:. Rizzoli Intl Pubns, p. 22
2458:Droste, Magdalena (2002) .
2129:. UNSW Press. p. 161.
1774:Constructivist architecture
1769:Bauhaus World Heritage Site
1726:
1384:design. The characteristic
881:Mechanical Stage Design by
229:59.26 ha (146.4 acres)
10:
8980:
8919:Expressionist architecture
7415:Post-painterly abstraction
7238:Situationist International
6612:Pennsylvania Impressionism
5016:Situationist International
3432:Design of the 20th Century
3395:Journal of Interior Design
2701:Art in the Age of Aquarius
1779:Expressionist architecture
1664:Monument to the March Dead
1581:
1574:
1568:
1562:
1556:Bauhaus staff and students
1513:Berlin Academy of the Arts
1449:
1410:German Democratic Republic
1246:
953:
849:. The influence of German
780:, German-American painter
704:UNESCO World Heritage Site
642:
595:had turned from emotional
567:. Beginning in June 1907,
508:After Germany's defeat in
149:UNESCO World Heritage Site
75:Machine translation, like
29:
8914:Design schools in Germany
8632:
8602:
8584:Pilgrimage Church of Wies
8510:
8492:Great Spa Towns of Europe
8458:Upper Middle Rhine Valley
8416:
8341:
8250:Roland on the Marketplace
8224:
8209:
8131:
7935:
7700:
7510:
7290:
7082:
7066:
6998:California Scene Painting
6877:California Scene Painting
6833:Figurative Constructivism
6745:
6550:
6329:
6318:
6148:
6085:
5978:
5894:
5884:Poussinists and Rubenists
5785:
5589:
5322:
5122:
5113:
5100:
4912:
4834:
4673:
4613:
4604:
4486:
4286:
4218:
3915:
3709:
3497:Google Arts & Culture
3478:Resources in your library
3241:Boris Friedewald (2009).
3166:Tel Aviv â The White City
2510:Richard A. Etlin (2002).
2444:29 September 2009 at the
2123:Tony Fry (October 1999).
1980:The 20th-Century art book
1749:Bauhaus Dessau Foundation
1526:Bauhaus Dessau Foundation
1503:offers Bauhaus exhibits.
1416:("Bauhaus Stage"). After
1316:. Printmaker and painter
1308:. This school became the
1191:, designed by Bauhausler
1174:
1036:
949:
925:Bauhaus-University Weimar
696:Bauhaus-University Weimar
694:The main building of the
685:
446:, from 1925 to 1932; and
344:), commonly known as the
233:
225:
217:
205:
195:
185:
175:
155:
146:
113:{{Translated|he|ŚŚŚŚŚŚŚĄ}}
56:the corresponding article
8954:Walter Gropius buildings
8288:Hanseatic City of LĂŒbeck
8096:Prehistoric European art
7745:Contemporary African art
7228:Gendai Bijutsu Kondankai
7156:GeneraciĂłn de la Ruptura
6783:Universal Constructivism
6575:California Impressionism
6530:American Barbizon school
3575:Design Museum of Chicago
3391:"Lessons of the Bauhaus"
3341:. Berlin: JOVIS Verlag.
3322:. Berlin: JOVIS Verlag.
3303:. Berlin: JOVIS Verlag.
3299:Kirsten Baumann (2007).
2621:. Routledge. p. 82.
2586:The Third Reich in Power
2549:Ludwig Mies van der Rohe
2464:. Taschen. p. 113.
2375:"The Bauhaus, 1919â1933"
2316:Hal Foster, ed. (2004).
1754:Bauhaus Museum, Tel Aviv
1533:The New European Bauhaus
1487:) proclaimed Tel Aviv's
1086:, began opening the new
1011:Ludwig Mies van der Rohe
760:Arts and Crafts Movement
460:Ludwig Mies van der Rohe
162:The Bauhaus building in
32:Bauhaus (disambiguation)
8899:Architecture in Germany
8547:Mathildenhöhe Darmstadt
8302:Historic Town of Goslar
8255:Fagus Factory in Alfeld
8236:ADGB Trade Union School
7923:Walking Artists Network
7260:Letterist International
7100:Washington Color School
6014:Arts in the Philippines
4526:Experimental literature
4231:Architecture portal
3187:. Taschen America LLC.
3048:"Bauhaus Museum Dessau"
2405:EncyclopĂŠdia Britannica
1978:Barnes, Rachel (2001).
1794:IIT Institute of Design
1744:Bauhaus Center Tel Aviv
1571:Category:Bauhaus alumni
1497:Bauhaus Center Tel Aviv
972:than the stripped down
458:from 1928 to 1930; and
122:For more guidance, see
8939:Modernist architecture
8713:Bosnia and Herzegovina
8614:Messel Pit Fossil Site
8569:Margravial Opera House
8467:Cathedral of St. Peter
8034:Illuminated manuscript
7682:The Designers Republic
7632:Neue Slowenische Kunst
7555:Pattern and Decoration
7455:Institutional critique
7095:Abstract expressionism
6075:Latin American Baroque
6031:Colonial Asian Baroque
4792:Second Viennese School
4423:Neue Slowenische Kunst
4294:Abstract expressionism
3527:"100 years of Bauhaus"
3222:Anja Baumhoff (2001).
3164:Stefan Boness (2012).
2448:, at Zentrum Paul Klee
2206:Gorman, Carma (2003).
2181:Uhrig, Nicole (2020).
2036:: CS1 maint: others (
1764:Bauhaus Museum, Dessau
1759:Bauhaus Museum, Weimar
1479:after the rise of the
1442:
1429:Black Mountain College
1244:
1196:
1033:
946:
886:
784:, and German sculptor
707:
681:History of the Bauhaus
599:to the matter-of-fact
560:
547:was formed in 1907 by
435:
397:modernist architecture
346:
320:
305:
304:, was adopted in 1921.
8949:Visual arts education
8619:Ancient Beech Forests
8438:Bergpark Wilhelmshöhe
7672:Artist-run initiative
7647:Young British Artists
7612:New European Painting
7548:Moscow Conceptualists
7470:Feminist art movement
7248:Ukrainian underground
7223:Gutai Art Association
6622:Ten American Painters
6126:Western influence in
5103:List of art movements
4899:Theatre of the Absurd
4822:Twelve-tone technique
4701:Electroacoustic music
2906:Weber, Micholas Fox,
2845:Domaine de Boisbuchet
2749:www.hfg-archiv.ulm.de
2571:Jardi, Enric (1991).
2547:David Spaeth (1985).
2104:Yale University Press
1866:Architects of Fortune
1853:Explanatory footnotes
1784:Form follows function
1734:Art Deco architecture
1575:Further information:
1569:Further information:
1563:Further information:
1522:Bauhaus Museum Dessau
1452:White City (Tel Aviv)
1450:Further information:
1437:
1289:, among many others.
1267:Aluminum City Terrace
1247:Further information:
1240:
1182:
1171:, is still occupied.
1110:Chicago Tribune Tower
1027:
960:The Bauhaus moved to
933:
895:Romanesque cathedrals
880:
808:to Weimar to promote
693:
639:Bauhaus and Vkhutemas
558:
442:, from 1919 to 1925;
429:
311:
295:
124:Knowledge:Translation
95:copyright attribution
8904:Architecture schools
8497:Völklingen Ironworks
8453:Lower Germanic Limes
8377:Luther Memorials in
8327:Historic Centres of
8298:Mines of Rammelsberg
8274:St. Michael's Church
8270:St. Mary's Cathedral
8190:World Heritage Sites
7482:Saqqakhaneh movement
7375:Chicano art movement
7243:Soviet Nonconformist
7049:Boston Expressionism
7032:Abstraction-Création
6850:Arbeitsrat fĂŒr Kunst
6843:Cologne Progressives
6563:Art Nouveau in Milan
6366:Anglo-Japanese style
6342:National romanticism
5772:Fontainebleau School
5682:Northern Renaissance
5517:International Gothic
4884:Postdramatic theatre
4869:Experimental theatre
4406:Multidimensional art
4175:Critical regionalism
3757:Critical regionalism
3356:Eric Cimino (2003).
3278:Peder Anker (2010).
2657:Edward Lucie-Smith,
2604:BauhausManifesto.com
1846:Women of the Bauhaus
1836:Ulm School of Design
1831:Swiss Style (design)
1577:Women of the Bauhaus
1546:New European Bauhaus
1542:Ursula Von der Leyen
1507:Centenary year, 2019
1418:German reunification
1354:Ulm School of Design
1271:Alan I W Frank House
1094:Architectural output
191:Cultural: ii, iv, vi
30:For other uses, see
8364:Dresden Elbe Valley
8315:Kontorhaus District
8017:Hierarchy of genres
7582:Saint Soleil School
7518:Post-conceptual art
7487:The Stars Art Group
7365:Black Arts Movement
7328:Neo-Dada Organizers
7129:Lyrical abstraction
6862:Australian tonalism
6535:California Tonalism
6207:Hudson River School
6010:Colonial Asian art
5750:English Renaissance
5699:GhentâBruges school
5687:Early Netherlandish
5599:Italian Renaissance
5512:Gothic art in Milan
4386:Lyrical Abstraction
4023:International style
4015:Rationalist-Fascist
3959:Stripped Classicism
3892:Stripped Classicism
3872:Rationalist-Fascist
3797:International style
3703:modern architecture
3640:J. Paul Getty Trust
3613:J. Paul Getty Trust
3531:Bauhaus Kooperation
3507:Bauhaus Kooperation
2977:on 3 September 2019
2584:, Richard J Evans,
1815:Modern architecture
1539:European Commission
1465:International Style
1322:Columbia University
1310:Institute of Design
1292:In the late 1930s,
1208:World Heritage List
966:International style
617:Weimar Constitution
582:AEG Turbine Factory
530:International Style
474:International Style
454:from 1919 to 1928;
423:at various points.
325:Staatliches Bauhaus
143:
8471:Church of Our Lady
8393:Naumburg Cathedral
8368:(delisted in 2009)
8059:Landscape painting
7667:New Leipzig School
7607:Neo-conceptual art
7355:Art & Language
7350:Capitalist realism
7272:Florida Highwaymen
7208:Hard-edge painting
7022:Streamline Moderne
6983:Harlem Renaissance
6826:Novecento Italiano
6654:Deutscher Werkbund
6481:Post-Impressionism
6043:Latin American art
5847:Guild of Romanists
5709:German Renaissance
5704:Northern Mannerism
4999:Postmodernist film
4904:Theatre of Cruelty
4787:Rock in Opposition
4728:Free improvisation
4371:Post-Impressionism
4304:Art & Language
4106:(1940sâlate 1970s)
4095:Mid-century modern
4063:Postconstructivism
4007:Streamline Moderne
3887:Streamline Moderne
3852:Postconstructivism
3807:Mid-Century modern
3537:on 27 October 2021
3493:Bauhaus Everywhere
3407:10.1111/joid.12158
3202:Marty Bax (1991).
2951:on 16 January 2019
2830:, 16 November 2009
2786:Itten, J. (1963).
2461:Bauhaus, 1919â1933
2424:Ackermann et al.,
2157:Colton, Timothy J.
2098:Wood, Paul (1999)
2050:Evans, Richard J.
1961:"Bauhaus Movement"
1809:Max-Liebling House
1501:Bauhaus Foundation
1471:from the 1930s by
1443:
1346:Inge Aicher-Scholl
1245:
1224:LĂĄszlĂł Moholy-Nagy
1215:Alexander Bortnyik
1197:
1034:
1028:Wassily Chairs by
947:
887:
865:, who rewrote the
863:LĂĄszlĂł Moholy-Nagy
728:Henry van de Velde
708:
700:Henry van de Velde
561:
545:Deutscher Werkbund
518:Russian Revolution
495:Terms and concepts
436:
421:LĂĄszlĂł Moholy-Nagy
321:
306:
139:
103:interlanguage link
8934:Industrial design
8866:
8865:
8488:, Worms and Mainz
8443:Cologne Cathedral
8149:
8148:
7931:
7930:
7787:Corporate Memphis
7740:Classical Realism
7710:Amazonian pop art
7602:Appropriation art
7570:Neo-expressionism
7440:Environmental art
7345:Nouvelle tendance
7062:
7061:
7010:Socialist realism
6867:Dresden Secession
6486:Neo-Impressionism
6449:Decadent movement
6420:Heidelberg School
6314:
6313:
6212:American luminism
6197:DĂŒsseldorf School
6192:Shoreham Ancients
6182:Nazarene movement
6172:Danish Golden Age
6053:Indochristian art
5731:Antwerp Mannerism
5620:Pittura infamante
5614:Florentine School
5609:Proto-Renaissance
5051:
5050:
5041:Russian symbolism
5026:Socialist realism
4864:Experimental film
4830:
4829:
4536:Hungry generation
4511:Conceptual poetry
4366:Neo-Impressionism
4245:
4244:
3569:Gropius, Walter.
3464:Library resources
3376:978-3-89790-553-5
3348:978-3-936314-81-6
3329:978-3-936314-83-0
3310:978-3-939633-11-2
3291:978-0-8071-3551-8
3252:978-3-7913-4200-9
3175:978-3-939633-75-4
3168:. Berlin: Jovis.
2775:Bauhaus 1919â1928
2755:on 4 October 2008
2558:978-0-8478-0563-1
2523:978-0-226-22086-4
2496:978-0-13-586694-8
2360:978-0-13-586694-8
2335:978-0-500-28534-3
2295:978-1-85029-415-3
2270:978-0-500-20257-9
2242:978-0-19-860678-9
2192:978-3-658-28940-9
2136:978-0-86840-753-1
2015:978-0-415-69440-7
1989:978-0-7148-3542-6
1946:978-0-14-051323-3
1362:Bauhaus typefaces
1294:Mies van der Rohe
1151:and particularly
1136:Mies van der Rohe
1126:Bernau bei Berlin
996:Bernau bei Berlin
899:Völkisch movement
872:Hermann Muthesius
859:Wassily Kandinsky
825:, who taught the
806:Theo van Doesburg
798:Wassily Kandinsky
633:Weissenhof Estate
623:, Bruno Taut and
573:industrial design
549:Hermann Muthesius
413:Wassily Kandinsky
401:industrial design
290:
289:
135:
134:
68:
64:
16:(Redirected from
8971:
8858:
8852:
8846:
8840:
8834:
8828:
8820:
8814:
8806:
8800:
8796:Shared with the
8792:
8786:
8780:
8774:
8768:
8762:
8756:
8750:
8744:
8738:
8732:
8726:
8720:
8714:
8708:
8702:
8696:
8688:
8682:
8676:
8670:
8664:
8656:
8652:Shared with the
8648:
8640:
8636:Shared with the
8606:
8514:
8480:Speyer Cathedral
8428:Aachen Cathedral
8420:
8408:Classical Weimar
8345:
8246:Bremen Town Hall
8228:
8216:
8204:
8197:
8191:
8186:
8176:
8169:
8162:
8153:
8152:
8139:
8138:
8123:Western painting
8069:Modern sculpture
8027:History painting
7730:Art intervention
7523:Installation art
7340:Nouveau réalisme
7080:
7079:
7054:Leningrad School
6946:Mexican muralism
6919:Grosvenor School
6659:American Realism
6642:Der Blaue Reiter
6600:Berlin Secession
6595:Vienna Secession
6590:Munich Secession
6508:Pont-Aven School
6327:
6326:
6177:Troubadour style
6155:(c. 1770 â 1862)
6122:Qing handicrafts
6088:Western elements
6019:Letras y figuras
5992:African-American
5987:African diaspora
5958:Directoire style
5869:Heptanese school
5852:Dutch Golden Age
5837:Stroganov School
5830:Lutheran Baroque
5825:Louis XIII style
5798:Baroque in Milan
5660:Bolognese School
5655:High Renaissance
5638:Forlivese School
5633:Ferrarese School
5356:Migration Period
5120:
5119:
5078:
5071:
5064:
5055:
5054:
4945:Russian Futurism
4889:Remodernist film
4807:Stochastic music
4762:Musique concrĂšte
4740:Microtonal music
4718:Experimental pop
4711:Industrial music
4706:Electronic music
4611:
4610:
4433:Nouveau réalisme
4341:Grosvenor School
4272:
4265:
4258:
4249:
4248:
4237:Related articles
4229:
4228:
4211:
4203:
4195:
4187:
4183:Deconstructivism
4179:
4171:
4163:
4155:
4147:
4139:
4131:
4123:
4115:
4107:
4099:
4091:
4083:
4075:
4067:
4059:
4051:
4043:
4035:
4027:
4019:
4011:
4003:
3995:
3987:
3979:
3971:
3963:
3955:
3947:
3939:
3931:
3767:Deconstructivism
3695:
3688:
3681:
3672:
3671:
3658:
3656:
3654:
3648:10020/cifa850513
3631:
3629:
3627:
3621:10020/cifa850514
3604:
3602:
3600:
3585:
3583:
3581:
3565:
3563:
3561:
3546:
3544:
3542:
3533:. Archived from
3522:
3520:
3518:
3509:. Archived from
3453:
3426:
3363:
3352:
3333:
3314:
3295:
3274:
3265:
3256:
3237:
3218:
3198:
3179:
3160:
3148:
3129:
3128:
3127:. 12 April 2019.
3117:
3111:
3110:
3108:
3106:
3092:
3086:
3085:
3083:
3081:
3070:
3064:
3063:
3061:
3059:
3044:
3038:
3037:
3035:
3033:
3022:
3016:
3015:
3013:
3011:
2996:
2987:
2986:
2984:
2982:
2967:
2961:
2960:
2958:
2956:
2937:
2931:
2930:
2929:on 26 July 2020.
2925:. Archived from
2919:
2913:
2904:
2898:
2897:
2895:
2893:
2877:
2871:
2870:
2863:
2857:
2856:
2854:
2852:
2837:
2831:
2824:
2818:
2817:
2814:"Bauhaus Dessau"
2810:
2804:
2803:, 6(3), 149â159.
2797:
2791:
2784:
2778:
2771:
2765:
2764:
2762:
2760:
2751:. Archived from
2740:
2734:
2727:
2721:
2714:
2708:
2697:
2691:
2686:Jean Luc Daval,
2684:
2678:
2671:
2662:
2655:
2649:
2648:
2646:
2644:
2629:
2623:
2622:
2614:
2608:
2607:
2595:
2589:
2582:
2576:
2569:
2563:
2562:
2544:
2535:
2534:
2532:
2530:
2507:
2501:
2500:
2482:
2476:
2475:
2455:
2449:
2435:
2429:
2422:
2416:
2415:
2413:
2411:
2397:
2391:
2390:
2388:
2386:
2371:
2365:
2364:
2346:
2340:
2339:
2313:
2304:
2303:
2281:
2275:
2274:
2256:
2247:
2246:
2228:
2222:
2221:
2203:
2197:
2196:
2178:
2172:
2154:
2148:
2147:
2145:
2143:
2120:
2114:
2096:
2090:
2080:
2076:
2067:
2061:
2055:
2048:
2042:
2041:
2035:
2027:
2000:
1994:
1993:
1975:
1969:
1968:
1957:
1951:
1950:
1932:
1926:
1916:
1907:
1896:
1863:
1718:
1706:
1690:
1675:
1656:
1640:
1628:
1616:
1604:
1592:
1386:Cantilever chair
1382:modern furniture
1344:, together with
1283:Lawrence Halprin
1253:Walter Gropius,
1193:Xanti Schawinsky
1169:Onkel Toms HĂŒtte
1120:another for the
1060:Alfred Rosenberg
944:
857:founding member
855:Der Blaue Reiter
839:Der Blaue Reiter
802:Sommerfeld House
782:Lyonel Feininger
758:and the British
605:Erich Mendelsohn
430:Bauhaus founder
376:and emphasis on
351:
343:
342:
341:
335:
330:
276:
262:
248:
241:
226:Buffer zone
166:was designed by
160:
150:
144:
138:
114:
108:
81:Google Translate
66:
62:
45:
44:
37:
21:
8979:
8978:
8974:
8973:
8972:
8970:
8969:
8968:
8869:
8868:
8867:
8862:
8856:
8850:
8844:
8838:
8832:
8826:
8818:
8812:
8804:
8798:
8790:
8784:
8778:
8772:
8766:
8760:
8754:
8749:North Macedonia
8748:
8742:
8736:
8730:
8724:
8718:
8712:
8706:
8700:
8694:
8686:
8680:
8674:
8668:
8662:
8654:
8646:
8638:
8628:
8604:
8598:
8537:Town of Bamberg
8512:
8506:
8484:ShUM cities of
8463:Roman Monuments
8418:
8412:
8403:Wartburg Castle
8343:
8337:
8226:
8220:
8214:
8205:
8195:
8189:
8180:
8150:
8145:
8127:
8044:Interactive art
7927:
7901:SoFlo Superflat
7826:Kitsch movement
7750:Africanfuturism
7702:
7696:
7575:Transavantgarde
7506:
7460:Light and Space
7445:Performance art
7425:Psychedelic art
7308:Nueva Presencia
7298:Otra FiguraciĂłn
7286:
7218:Les Plasticiens
7203:New York School
7181:Action painting
7166:Metcalf Chateau
7075:
7070:
7058:
6978:Cercle et Carré
6914:New Objectivity
6821:Return to order
6763:School of Paris
6741:
6585:School of Paris
6546:
6432:Arts and Crafts
6337:Neo-romanticism
6322:
6310:
6306:Etching revival
6258:Barbizon school
6202:Pre-Raphaelites
6154:
6151:
6144:
6087:
6081:
5974:
5948:Louis XVI style
5890:
5879:Louis XIV style
5842:Animal painting
5803:Flemish Baroque
5781:
5692:World landscape
5643:Venetian School
5585:
5572:Majorcan school
5539:Novgorod School
5529:Lucchese School
5501:Opus Anglicanum
5493:Norman-Sicilian
5437:Italo-Byzantine
5337:Early Christian
5318:
5302:Pompeian Styles
5115:
5109:
5096:
5082:
5052:
5047:
4908:
4894:Structural film
4836:
4826:
4681:Aleatoric music
4669:
4600:
4488:
4482:
4443:Performance art
4282:
4276:
4246:
4241:
4223:
4214:
4209:
4201:
4193:
4185:
4177:
4169:
4161:
4153:
4145:
4137:
4129:
4121:
4113:
4105:
4097:
4089:
4081:
4073:
4065:
4057:
4049:
4041:
4033:
4025:
4017:
4009:
4001:
3999:New Objectivity
3993:
3985:
3977:
3969:
3961:
3953:
3945:
3937:
3929:
3920:
3918:
3917:By start year /
3911:
3842:New Objectivity
3705:
3699:
3652:
3650:
3634:
3625:
3623:
3607:
3598:
3596:
3588:
3579:
3577:
3559:
3557:
3549:
3540:
3538:
3525:
3516:
3514:
3513:on 20 June 2020
3501:
3489:
3488:
3487:
3472:
3471:
3467:
3460:
3442:
3385:
3383:Further reading
3366:Olaf Thormann:
3349:
3330:
3311:
3292:
3253:
3234:
3215:
3195:
3176:
3157:
3137:
3132:
3119:
3118:
3114:
3104:
3102:
3094:
3093:
3089:
3079:
3077:
3072:
3071:
3067:
3057:
3055:
3054:. 2 August 2019
3052:Apollo Magazine
3046:
3045:
3041:
3031:
3029:
3024:
3023:
3019:
3009:
3007:
2997:
2990:
2980:
2978:
2969:
2968:
2964:
2954:
2952:
2939:
2938:
2934:
2921:
2920:
2916:
2905:
2901:
2891:
2889:
2879:
2878:
2874:
2865:
2864:
2860:
2850:
2848:
2839:
2838:
2834:
2825:
2821:
2812:
2811:
2807:
2798:
2794:
2785:
2781:
2772:
2768:
2758:
2756:
2741:
2737:
2728:
2724:
2715:
2711:
2698:
2694:
2685:
2681:
2672:
2665:
2656:
2652:
2642:
2640:
2631:
2630:
2626:
2615:
2611:
2596:
2592:
2583:
2579:
2570:
2566:
2559:
2545:
2538:
2528:
2526:
2524:
2508:
2504:
2497:
2483:
2479:
2472:
2456:
2452:
2446:Wayback Machine
2436:
2432:
2423:
2419:
2409:
2407:
2399:
2398:
2394:
2384:
2382:
2373:
2372:
2368:
2361:
2347:
2343:
2336:
2314:
2307:
2296:
2282:
2278:
2271:
2257:
2250:
2243:
2229:
2225:
2218:
2204:
2200:
2193:
2179:
2175:
2155:
2151:
2141:
2139:
2137:
2121:
2117:
2097:
2093:
2078:
2077:
2070:
2066:, Vol 5, p. 348
2062:
2058:
2049:
2045:
2029:
2028:
2016:
2002:
2001:
1997:
1990:
1976:
1972:
1959:
1958:
1954:
1947:
1933:
1929:
1917:
1910:
1897:
1886:
1882:
1855:
1850:
1739:Bauhaus Archive
1729:
1722:
1719:
1710:
1707:
1698:
1691:
1682:
1676:
1667:
1657:
1648:
1641:
1632:
1629:
1620:
1617:
1608:
1605:
1596:
1593:
1584:
1579:
1573:
1567:
1558:
1544:introduced the
1535:
1509:
1454:
1448:
1338:Aspen Institute
1251:
1230:, a pioneer of
1228:Victor Vasarely
1177:
1130:Wesensforschung
1096:
1039:
1017:. By 1931, the
958:
952:
938:
936:Erich Dieckmann
917:Social Democrat
847:Oskar Kokoschka
790:Oskar Schlemmer
688:
683:
647:
641:
601:New Objectivity
541:mass production
514:Weimar Republic
506:
497:
393:Gesamtkunstwerk
374:mass production
337:
336:
328:
302:Oskar Schlemmer
286:
285:
284:
283:
282:
281:
277:
269:
268:
267:
263:
255:
254:
253:
249:
171:
148:
131:
130:
129:
112:
106:
69:
46:
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
8977:
8967:
8966:
8961:
8959:Weimar culture
8956:
8951:
8946:
8941:
8936:
8931:
8929:Graphic design
8926:
8921:
8916:
8911:
8906:
8901:
8896:
8891:
8886:
8881:
8864:
8863:
8861:
8860:
8822:
8808:
8794:
8731:Czech Republic
8690:
8658:
8655:United Kingdom
8650:
8642:
8639:Czech Republic
8633:
8630:
8629:
8627:
8626:
8621:
8616:
8610:
8608:
8600:
8599:
8597:
8596:
8591:
8586:
8581:
8576:
8571:
8566:
8561:
8552:
8549:
8544:
8539:
8534:
8529:
8524:
8518:
8516:
8508:
8507:
8505:
8504:
8499:
8494:
8489:
8482:
8477:
8460:
8455:
8450:
8445:
8440:
8435:
8430:
8424:
8422:
8414:
8413:
8411:
8410:
8405:
8400:
8395:
8390:
8385:
8375:
8370:
8360:
8355:
8349:
8347:
8339:
8338:
8336:
8335:
8325:
8308:
8295:
8290:
8285:
8280:
8267:
8257:
8252:
8243:
8238:
8232:
8230:
8222:
8221:
8210:
8207:
8206:
8179:
8178:
8171:
8164:
8156:
8147:
8146:
8144:
8143:
8132:
8129:
8128:
8126:
8125:
8120:
8113:
8108:
8103:
8098:
8093:
8088:
8083:
8078:
8077:
8076:
8074:Late modernism
8071:
8061:
8056:
8051:
8046:
8041:
8036:
8031:
8030:
8029:
8024:
8022:Genre painting
8014:
8009:
8004:
7999:
7998:
7997:
7992:
7987:
7982:
7972:
7970:Ballets Russes
7967:
7962:
7957:
7956:
7955:
7953:Asemic writing
7945:
7943:History of art
7939:
7937:
7936:Related topics
7933:
7932:
7929:
7928:
7926:
7925:
7920:
7915:
7910:
7909:
7908:
7903:
7893:
7888:
7883:
7878:
7873:
7871:Relational art
7868:
7863:
7858:
7853:
7848:
7843:
7838:
7833:
7828:
7823:
7818:
7817:
7816:
7806:
7801:
7796:
7794:Hypermodernism
7791:
7790:
7789:
7779:
7774:
7769:
7764:
7759:
7754:
7753:
7752:
7742:
7737:
7732:
7727:
7722:
7717:
7712:
7706:
7704:
7698:
7697:
7695:
7694:
7689:
7684:
7679:
7674:
7669:
7664:
7659:
7654:
7649:
7644:
7639:
7634:
7629:
7624:
7619:
7614:
7609:
7604:
7599:
7594:
7589:
7584:
7579:
7578:
7577:
7567:
7562:
7557:
7552:
7551:
7550:
7540:
7535:
7533:Postminimalism
7530:
7525:
7520:
7514:
7512:
7508:
7507:
7505:
7504:
7499:
7494:
7489:
7484:
7479:
7478:
7477:
7467:
7462:
7457:
7452:
7447:
7442:
7437:
7432:
7427:
7422:
7417:
7412:
7410:Generative art
7407:
7402:
7397:
7392:
7387:
7382:
7380:Conceptual art
7377:
7372:
7367:
7362:
7357:
7352:
7347:
7342:
7337:
7332:
7331:
7330:
7320:
7315:
7310:
7305:
7300:
7294:
7292:
7288:
7287:
7285:
7284:
7279:
7277:Cybernetic art
7274:
7269:
7268:
7267:
7265:Ultra-Lettrist
7262:
7252:
7251:
7250:
7240:
7235:
7230:
7225:
7220:
7215:
7210:
7205:
7200:
7195:
7194:
7193:
7183:
7178:
7173:
7168:
7163:
7158:
7153:
7152:
7151:
7146:
7141:
7139:Arte Informale
7136:
7126:
7121:
7116:
7115:
7114:
7104:
7103:
7102:
7092:
7086:
7084:
7077:
7076:(1945âpresent)
7064:
7063:
7060:
7059:
7057:
7056:
7051:
7046:
7041:
7036:
7035:
7034:
7024:
7019:
7018:
7017:
7012:
7005:Heroic realism
7002:
7001:
7000:
6990:
6985:
6980:
6975:
6970:
6965:
6958:
6953:
6948:
6943:
6942:
6941:
6939:Latin American
6936:
6926:
6921:
6916:
6911:
6909:Group of Seven
6906:
6901:
6896:
6891:
6890:
6889:
6879:
6874:
6872:Social realism
6869:
6864:
6859:
6858:
6857:
6855:November Group
6847:
6846:
6845:
6840:
6830:
6829:
6828:
6818:
6813:
6812:
6811:
6799:
6794:
6789:
6788:
6787:
6786:
6785:
6778:Latin American
6773:Constructivism
6770:
6768:Crystal Cubism
6765:
6760:
6755:
6749:
6747:
6743:
6742:
6740:
6739:
6734:
6729:
6724:
6719:
6714:
6709:
6708:
6707:
6697:
6692:
6685:
6684:
6683:
6678:
6668:
6667:
6666:
6656:
6651:
6646:
6645:
6644:
6639:
6629:
6624:
6619:
6614:
6609:
6608:
6607:
6602:
6597:
6592:
6582:
6577:
6572:
6567:
6566:
6565:
6554:
6552:
6548:
6547:
6545:
6544:
6539:
6538:
6537:
6527:
6526:
6525:
6520:
6515:
6510:
6505:
6500:
6495:
6494:
6493:
6478:
6473:
6471:Volcano School
6468:
6467:
6466:
6461:
6451:
6446:
6441:
6440:
6439:
6429:
6424:
6423:
6422:
6417:
6412:
6407:
6406:
6405:
6400:
6385:
6380:
6375:
6370:
6369:
6368:
6356:
6351:
6346:
6345:
6344:
6333:
6331:
6324:
6316:
6315:
6312:
6311:
6309:
6308:
6303:
6302:
6301:
6296:
6295:
6294:
6279:
6278:
6277:
6276:
6275:
6265:
6260:
6250:
6245:
6244:
6243:
6233:
6228:
6226:Norwich School
6223:
6218:
6217:
6216:
6215:
6214:
6204:
6199:
6194:
6189:
6184:
6179:
6174:
6169:
6167:Fairy painting
6158:
6156:
6146:
6145:
6143:
6142:
6141:
6140:
6135:
6124:
6119:
6114:
6109:
6104:
6103:
6102:
6091:
6089:
6083:
6082:
6080:
6079:
6078:
6077:
6072:
6071:
6070:
6065:
6060:
6058:Chilote School
6050:
6048:Casta painting
6040:
6039:
6038:
6033:
6028:
6027:
6026:
6024:Tipos del PaĂs
6021:
6008:
6007:
6006:
6005:
6004:
5994:
5982:
5980:
5976:
5975:
5973:
5972:
5967:
5966:
5965:
5960:
5955:
5950:
5945:
5933:
5932:
5931:
5924:
5919:
5914:
5912:Louis XV style
5909:
5898:
5896:
5892:
5891:
5889:
5888:
5887:
5886:
5881:
5871:
5866:
5861:
5860:
5859:
5849:
5844:
5839:
5834:
5833:
5832:
5827:
5822:
5821:
5820:
5815:
5805:
5800:
5789:
5787:
5783:
5782:
5780:
5779:
5774:
5769:
5764:
5759:
5758:
5757:
5747:
5746:
5745:
5744:
5743:
5738:
5733:
5723:
5722:
5721:
5716:
5714:Cologne School
5706:
5701:
5696:
5695:
5694:
5679:
5678:
5677:
5676:
5675:
5667:
5662:
5657:
5647:
5646:
5645:
5640:
5635:
5625:
5624:
5623:
5616:
5611:
5595:
5593:
5587:
5586:
5584:
5583:
5582:
5581:
5574:
5569:
5567:Italian school
5558:
5553:
5552:
5551:
5549:Sienese School
5541:
5536:
5531:
5526:
5525:
5524:
5519:
5514:
5504:
5497:
5496:
5495:
5485:
5484:
5483:
5478:
5468:
5463:
5462:
5461:
5459:Pre-Romanesque
5456:
5451:
5441:
5440:
5439:
5434:
5429:
5424:
5414:
5409:
5408:
5407:
5395:
5390:
5388:Donor portrait
5385:
5384:
5383:
5378:
5373:
5368:
5363:
5353:
5352:
5351:
5341:
5340:
5339:
5328:
5326:
5320:
5319:
5317:
5316:
5315:
5314:
5309:
5304:
5299:
5297:Julio-Claudian
5294:
5289:
5279:
5274:
5269:
5264:
5259:
5258:
5257:
5256:
5255:
5250:
5249:
5248:
5246:Greco-Buddhist
5238:
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5018:
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3401:(3): 135â140.
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1447:
1446:The White City
1444:
1352:, founded the
1312:, part of the
1306:Walter Paepcke
1298:Philip Johnson
1275:Philip Johnson
1176:
1173:
1165:Weimar Germany
1095:
1092:
1072:degenerate art
1038:
1035:
956:Bauhaus Dessau
954:Main article:
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823:Johannes Itten
786:Gerhard Marcks
778:Johannes Itten
756:William Morris
732:Hermann Obrist
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643:Main article:
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522:constructivism
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8007:Fantastic art
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7642:Retrofuturism
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7622:Memphis Group
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7176:Nanyang Style
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7107:Visionary art
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6973:Scuola Romana
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6899:Anthropophagy
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6882:Functionalism
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6802:Neoplasticism
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6705:Cubo-Futurism
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6664:Ashcan School
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6425:
6421:
6418:
6416:
6413:
6411:
6408:
6404:
6403:Boston School
6401:
6399:
6398:Hoosier Group
6396:
6395:
6394:
6391:
6390:
6389:
6388:Impressionism
6386:
6384:
6383:Peredvizhniki
6381:
6379:
6376:
6374:
6373:Beuron School
6371:
6367:
6364:
6363:
6362:
6361:
6357:
6355:
6352:
6350:
6347:
6343:
6340:
6339:
6338:
6335:
6334:
6332:
6328:
6325:
6321:
6317:
6307:
6304:
6300:
6297:
6293:
6290:
6289:
6288:
6287:Munich School
6285:
6284:
6283:
6280:
6274:
6271:
6270:
6269:
6266:
6264:
6261:
6259:
6256:
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6147:
6139:
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6125:
6123:
6120:
6118:
6115:
6113:
6110:
6108:
6105:
6101:
6098:
6097:
6096:
6093:
6092:
6090:
6086:Art borrowing
6084:
6076:
6073:
6069:
6066:
6064:
6061:
6059:
6056:
6055:
6054:
6051:
6049:
6046:
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6044:
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6036:Company style
6034:
6032:
6029:
6025:
6022:
6020:
6017:
6016:
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5959:
5956:
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5936:Neoclassicism
5934:
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5918:
5915:
5913:
5910:
5908:
5905:
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5791:
5790:
5788:
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5778:
5775:
5773:
5770:
5768:
5765:
5763:
5762:Cretan School
5760:
5756:
5753:
5752:
5751:
5748:
5742:
5739:
5737:
5734:
5732:
5729:
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5719:Danube school
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5707:
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5702:
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5697:
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5321:
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5308:
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5295:
5293:
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5280:
5278:
5275:
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5224:
5222:
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5212:
5209:
5207:
5204:
5202:
5199:
5197:
5196:Orientalizing
5194:
5192:
5189:
5187:
5184:
5182:
5181:Sub-Mycenaean
5179:
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5177:
5174:
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5162:
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5155:
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5127:
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5118:
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5108:
5104:
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5095:art movements
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5019:
5017:
5014:
5012:
5009:
5007:
5004:
5000:
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4996:
4995:
4994:Postmodernism
4992:
4990:
4987:
4985:
4982:
4980:
4977:
4975:
4972:
4970:
4967:
4965:
4962:
4960:
4957:
4951:
4950:Cubo-Futurism
4948:
4947:
4946:
4943:
4942:
4941:
4938:
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4933:
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4930:Expressionism
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4778:
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4773:
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4765:
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4760:
4758:
4757:Music theatre
4755:
4751:
4748:
4747:
4746:
4745:Minimal music
4743:
4741:
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4729:
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4716:
4712:
4709:
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4691:Ars subtilior
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4609:
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4591:Visual poetry
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4579:
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4566:Nouveau roman
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4473:Temporary art
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4459:
4456:
4454:
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4431:
4429:
4428:Nonconformism
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4424:
4421:
4417:
4414:
4413:
4412:
4411:Neoplasticism
4409:
4407:
4404:
4402:
4401:Mir iskusstva
4399:
4397:
4394:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4377:
4374:
4372:
4369:
4367:
4364:
4362:
4361:Impressionism
4359:
4357:
4354:
4352:
4349:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4339:
4335:
4332:
4331:
4330:
4329:Functionalism
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4315:
4312:
4310:
4307:
4305:
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4233:
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4227:
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4217:
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4205:
4200:
4199:New Classical
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4184:
4181:
4176:
4173:
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4165:
4160:
4157:
4152:
4149:
4144:
4143:Postmodernism
4141:
4136:
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4128:
4127:Structuralism
4125:
4120:
4117:
4112:
4109:
4104:
4101:
4096:
4093:
4088:
4085:
4082:(1930sâ1950s)
4080:
4077:
4072:
4069:
4064:
4061:
4056:
4053:
4048:
4045:
4040:
4037:
4034:(1920sâ1970s)
4032:
4031:Functionalism
4029:
4024:
4021:
4018:(1920sâ1930s)
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4013:
4008:
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3997:
3992:
3989:
3984:
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3951:Expressionism
3949:
3946:(1890sâ1920s)
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3897:Structuralism
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3883:
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3857:Postmodernism
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3840:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3832:New Classical
3830:
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3823:
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3817:Monumentalism
3815:
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3808:
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3803:
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3777:Functionalism
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3284:. LSU Press.
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2102:. New Haven:
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1056:Wilhelm Frick
1053:
1048:
1045:
1031:
1030:Marcel Breuer
1026:
1022:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1007:Marcel Breuer
1004:
1003:Herbert Bayer
999:
997:
993:
987:
985:
981:
980:
975:
974:Neo-classical
971:
970:Fagus Factory
968:lines of the
967:
963:
957:
942:
937:
932:
928:
926:
922:
918:
914:
909:
906:
905:
900:
896:
892:
891:Expressionism
884:
883:Joost Schmidt
879:
875:
873:
868:
864:
860:
856:
852:
851:Expressionism
848:
844:
840:
836:
832:
828:
824:
819:
817:
813:
812:
807:
803:
799:
795:
791:
787:
783:
779:
775:
772:
768:
765:
761:
757:
753:
749:
745:
741:
737:
736:August Endell
733:
729:
725:
721:
717:
713:
705:
701:
697:
692:
678:
676:
672:
666:
664:
660:
656:
652:
646:
636:
634:
630:
626:
625:Martin Wagner
622:
618:
614:
610:
606:
602:
598:
597:Expressionism
594:
589:
587:
583:
578:
574:
571:' pioneering
570:
569:Peter Behrens
566:
557:
553:
550:
546:
542:
538:
533:
531:
527:
523:
519:
515:
511:
501:
492:
490:
486:
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477:
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471:
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428:
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386:
381:
379:
375:
371:
367:
363:
359:
355:
350:
349:
340:
334:
326:
318:
317:Herbert Bayer
314:
310:
303:
299:
294:
275:
261:
247:
240:
232:
228:
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212:
208:
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110:
104:
100:
96:
92:
88:
85:
82:
78:
74:
72:
71:
65:
59:
57:
52:You can help
48:
39:
38:
33:
19:
8824:Shared with
8810:Shared with
8692:Shared with
8660:Shared with
8644:Shared with
8367:
8362:
8211:
8199:
8187:
8117:Trompe-l'Ćil
8115:
8086:Outsider art
8039:Illustration
7995:Lutheran art
7985:Catholic art
7948:Abstract art
7918:Unilalianism
7881:Software art
7856:Neosymbolism
7846:Neo-futurism
7809:Internet art
7799:Hyperrealism
7652:Superfiction
7435:Photorealism
7303:Afrofuturism
7068:Contemporary
7044:Dimensionism
7027:Concrete art
6960:
6956:Precisionism
6886:
6806:
6753:Sosaku-hanga
6727:Productivism
6717:Metaphysical
6687:
6676:Proto-Cubism
6580:Secessionism
6542:Costumbrismo
6427:Aestheticism
6378:Hague School
6358:
6282:Academic art
6263:Costumbrismo
6231:Empire style
6068:Quito School
6063:Cusco School
5979:Colonial art
5940:
5928:FĂȘte galante
5926:
5895:18th century
5857:Delft School
5808:Caravaggisti
5786:17th century
5671:
5628:Quattrocento
5618:
5576:
5499:
5402:
5332:Late antique
5216:Severe style
5206:Black-figure
5093:Contemporary
4859:Epic theatre
4696:Atonal music
4531:Flarf poetry
4521:Ego-Futurism
4333:
4319:Proto-Cubism
4222:
4207:Contemporary
4159:Neo-futurism
4151:Blobitecture
4090:(1930sâ1970)
3974:
3822:Neo-Futurism
3752:Contemporary
3732:Blobitecture
3726:
3651:. Retrieved
3639:
3624:. Retrieved
3612:
3597:. Retrieved
3594:The Fostinum
3593:
3578:. Retrieved
3574:
3558:. Retrieved
3554:
3539:. Retrieved
3535:the original
3530:
3515:. Retrieved
3511:the original
3506:
3468:
3431:
3398:
3394:
3367:
3358:
3338:
3319:
3300:
3280:
3270:
3261:
3242:
3223:
3203:
3184:
3165:
3144:
3124:
3115:
3103:. Retrieved
3099:
3090:
3078:. Retrieved
3068:
3056:. Retrieved
3051:
3042:
3030:. Retrieved
3020:
3008:. Retrieved
3004:
2999:Baker, Sam.
2981:16 September
2979:. Retrieved
2975:the original
2965:
2953:. Retrieved
2949:the original
2944:
2935:
2927:the original
2917:
2907:
2902:
2890:. Retrieved
2884:
2875:
2861:
2849:. Retrieved
2844:
2835:
2827:
2822:
2808:
2800:
2795:
2787:
2782:
2774:
2769:
2757:. Retrieved
2753:the original
2748:
2738:
2730:
2725:
2717:
2712:
2704:
2700:
2695:
2687:
2682:
2674:
2658:
2653:
2641:. Retrieved
2636:
2627:
2618:
2612:
2603:
2593:
2585:
2580:
2572:
2567:
2548:
2527:. Retrieved
2512:
2505:
2486:
2480:
2460:
2453:
2433:
2425:
2420:
2408:. Retrieved
2404:
2395:
2383:. Retrieved
2378:
2369:
2350:
2344:
2321:
2299:
2285:
2279:
2260:
2232:
2226:
2207:
2201:
2182:
2176:
2160:
2152:
2140:. Retrieved
2125:
2118:
2099:
2094:
2086:
2081:
2079:(in Russian)
2063:
2059:
2051:
2046:
2004:
1998:
1979:
1973:
1964:
1955:
1936:
1930:
1865:
1860:
1822:(New Vision)
1804:Lucia Moholy
1789:Haus am Horn
1559:
1550:
1536:
1517:
1510:
1488:
1455:
1426:
1422:
1414:BauhausbĂŒhne
1413:
1406:World War II
1403:
1392:designed by
1379:
1373:
1369:
1366:
1291:
1287:Paul Rudolph
1252:
1212:
1198:
1149:Hans Poelzig
1141:
1134:
1129:
1118:
1114:Haus am Horn
1097:
1080:Nazi Germany
1069:
1065:Soviet Union
1052:Adolf Hitler
1049:
1040:
1000:
988:
977:
959:
921:Haus am Horn
910:
902:
888:
866:
826:
820:
816:El Lissitzky
809:
766:
751:
748:applied arts
709:
674:
671:El Lissitzky
667:
659:Soviet Union
655:color theory
648:
613:Hans Poelzig
590:
562:
534:
507:
498:
489:Hannes Meyer
478:
467:
456:Hannes Meyer
437:
417:Gunta Stölzl
382:
347:
324:
322:
296:The Bauhaus
136:
99:edit summary
90:
61:
53:
8799:Netherlands
8785:Switzerland
8687:Switzerland
8002:Digital art
7965:Avant-garde
7906:Superstroke
7782:Flat design
7777:Fictive art
7772:Excessivism
7720:Art for art
7715:Altermodern
7657:Taring Padi
7592:Lowbrow art
7560:Pliontanism
7497:Yoru no Kai
7450:Process art
7390:Systems art
7360:Arte Povera
7282:Antipodeans
7191:in New York
7161:Jikken KĆbĆ
7124:Color field
6993:Regionalism
6962:Aeropittura
6951:Neo-Fauvism
6924:Neues Sehen
6894:Kinetic art
6758:Suprematism
6732:Synchromism
6649:Noucentisme
6570:Primitivism
6558:Art Nouveau
6513:Cloisonnism
6503:Pointillism
6498:Divisionism
6476:Incoherents
6437:Art pottery
6323:(1863â1944)
6273:Macchiaioli
6248:Biedermeier
6236:Historicism
6221:Orientalism
6162:Romanticism
6133:Akita ranga
5985:Art of the
5970:Picturesque
5922:Chinoiserie
5917:Frederician
5755:Tudor court
5650:Cinquecento
5591:Renaissance
5578:Mappa mundi
5562:cartography
5454:Carolingian
5449:Merovingian
5432:Palaeologan
5404:RepoblaciĂłn
5361:Anglo-Saxon
5292:Gallo-Roman
5231:Hellenistic
5226:Kerch style
5164:Minyan ware
5011:Primitivism
4837:and theatre
4777:Noise music
4750:Drone music
4581:Slam poetry
4468:Suprematism
4453:Process art
4381:Incoherents
4376:Color Field
4351:Divisionism
4299:Art Nouveau
4279:Avant-garde
4122:(1953â1970)
4098:(1933â1969)
4074:(1933â1944)
4071:PWA Moderne
4058:(1910â1939)
4010:(1925â1950)
4002:(1922â1933)
3994:(1921â1929)
3991:Rondocubism
3986:(1920â1932)
3978:(1919â1933)
3970:(1917â1931)
3938:(1890â1910)
3935:Art Nouveau
3930:(1888â1911)
3902:Sustainable
3877:Rondocubism
3862:PWA Moderne
3722:Art Nouveau
3105:16 February
3076:(in German)
3028:(in German)
2851:17 December
1906:, pp. 64â66
1820:Neues Sehen
1697:(1922â1925)
1666:(1921â1922)
1643:The Mensa (
1340:. In 1953,
1302:New Bauhaus
1101:Adolf Meyer
1032:(1925â1926)
1015:Lilly Reich
939: [
831:Franz CiĆŸek
740:World War I
724:Art Nouveau
586:Adolf Meyer
565:Neues Bauen
510:World War I
469:avant-garde
434:(1883â1969)
209:1996 (20th
206:Inscription
8873:Categories
8624:Wadden Sea
8383:Wittenberg
8278:Hildesheim
8049:Jewish art
7861:Passionism
7821:iPhone art
7767:Cyborg art
7762:Crypto art
7735:Brandalism
7627:Cyberdelic
7492:TropicĂĄlia
7465:Street art
7420:Intermedia
7400:Minimalism
7119:Spatialism
7073:Postmodern
6929:Surrealism
6797:Shin-hanga
6637:Die BrĂŒcke
6605:Sonderbund
6518:Synthetism
6241:Revivalism
6150:Transition
6107:Manichaean
5953:Adam style
5874:Classicism
5813:in Utrecht
5741:Still life
5471:Romanesque
5427:Macedonian
5422:Iconoclast
5381:Visigothic
5287:Republican
5241:Indo-Greek
5211:Red-figure
5031:Surrealism
4969:Minimalism
4844:Cinéma pur
4489:and poetry
4487:Literature
4396:Minimalism
4287:Visual art
4135:Metabolism
4047:Organicism
3927:Modernisme
3847:Organicism
3812:Modernisme
3802:Metabolism
3701:Genres of
3205:curriculum
2955:17 January
1919:Vasileva E
1811:, Tel Aviv
1489:White City
1350:Otl Aicher
1189:typewriter
1187:Studio 42
1145:Bruno Taut
1084:Fritz Todt
1019:Nazi Party
726:architect
609:Bruno Taut
520:, such as
405:typography
358:art school
313:Typography
63:(May 2024)
8329:Stralsund
8319:Chilehaus
8264:Danevirke
8111:Shock art
8101:Queer art
8081:NaĂŻve art
8064:Modernism
7896:Superflat
7886:Sound art
7866:Post-YBAs
7851:Neomodern
7692:Verdadism
7662:Superflat
7511:1970â1999
7475:in the US
7395:Video art
7318:Happening
7291:1960â1969
7083:1945â1959
6746:1915â1944
6737:Vorticism
6689:A Nyolcak
6551:1900â1914
6523:Les Nabis
6454:Symbolism
6410:Amsterdam
6360:Japonisme
6330:1863â1899
6292:in Greece
6152:to modern
5997:Caribbean
5942:Goût grec
5864:Capriccio
5818:Tenebrism
5767:Turquerie
5665:Mannerism
5560:Medieval
5417:Byzantine
5398:Mozarabic
5349:Ethiopian
5253:Neo-Attic
5236:"Baroque"
5221:Classical
5191:Geometric
5169:Mycenaean
5116:(Western)
5114:Premodern
5085:Premodern
5036:Symbolism
4964:Modernism
4797:Serialism
4782:Post-rock
4723:Free jazz
4631:Free funk
4586:UltraĂsmo
4541:Imaginism
4516:Cyberpunk
4478:Vorticism
4281:movements
4191:Neomodern
4167:High-tech
4119:New Khmer
4103:Brutalism
4079:Stalinist
3882:Stalinist
3837:New Khmer
3827:Neomodern
3792:High-tech
3742:Bowellism
3737:Brutalism
3664:from the
3450:809539744
3423:201241249
3415:1071-7641
2759:19 August
2573:Paul Klee
2401:"Bauhaus"
2113:, p. 244
2032:cite book
2024:754734489
1921:. (2016)
1880:Citations
1841:Vkhutemas
1659:Gropius'
1647:), Dessau
1645:cafeteria
1398:Mart Stam
1358:semiotics
1279:I. M. Pei
1161:Frankfurt
1153:Ernst May
1088:autobahns
984:Mart Stam
934:Chair by
913:Thuringia
841:group in
794:Paul Klee
771:premodern
764:neologism
744:fine arts
645:Vkhutemas
629:Frankfurt
621:Ernst May
593:zeitgeist
537:modernism
409:Paul Klee
366:fine arts
196:Reference
117:talk page
58:in Hebrew
8819:Slovakia
8773:Slovenia
8767:Slovakia
8719:Bulgaria
8681:Slovenia
8513:Southern
8379:Eisleben
8262:and the
8227:Northern
8141:Category
8091:Portrait
8012:Folk art
7960:Anti-art
7891:Stuckism
7804:Idea art
7725:Art game
7677:Artivism
7565:Punk art
7543:Sots Art
7528:Artscene
7385:Land art
7323:Neo-Dada
7255:Lettrism
7149:Nuagisme
7134:Tachisme
7015:Nazi art
6808:De Stijl
6722:Rayonism
6712:Art Deco
6700:Futurism
6491:Luminism
6459:Romanian
6444:Tonalism
6415:Canadian
6393:American
6299:Neo-Grec
5907:Rocaille
5736:Romanism
5670:Counter-
5604:Trecento
5544:Duecento
5534:Crusades
5466:Ottonian
5444:Frankish
5324:Medieval
5307:Trajanic
5267:Scythian
5262:Etruscan
5154:Cycladic
5132:Thracian
4984:Neo-Dada
4959:Lettrism
4940:Futurism
4854:Drop Art
4849:Dogme 95
4817:Totalism
4735:Futurism
4686:Ars nova
4614:By style
4561:Neoteric
4463:Rayonism
4416:De Stijl
4391:Mail art
4346:DevÄtsil
4210:(2000sâ)
4202:(1990sâ)
4194:(1990sâ)
4186:(1980sâ)
4178:(1980sâ)
4170:(1970sâ)
4162:(1960sâ)
4154:(1960sâ)
4146:(1960sâ)
4111:Tropical
4055:Art Deco
4050:(1920sâ)
4042:(1920sâ)
4039:Futurism
4026:(1920sâ)
3967:De Stijl
3907:Tropical
3782:Futurism
3762:De Stijl
3717:Art Deco
3653:12 April
3626:12 April
3599:12 April
3580:12 April
3560:12 April
3555:Tate art
3541:12 April
3517:28 March
3080:21 April
3058:21 April
3032:21 April
3010:21 April
2945:BBC News
2675:Vasarely
2442:Archived
2171:; p. 215
2087:ĐŃ
ŃŃĐ”ĐŒĐ°Ń
2054:, p. 416
1727:See also
1680:Chemnitz
1469:Tel Aviv
1440:Tel Aviv
1342:Max Bill
1219:Budapest
1185:Olivetti
1047:school.
979:Völkisch
811:De Stijl
746:and the
706:in 1996.
673:'s book
663:the West
472:for the
378:function
364:and the
187:Criteria
177:Location
93:provide
8879:Bauhaus
8845:Czechia
8839:Belgium
8833:Austria
8813:Austria
8805:Denmark
8791:Ukraine
8761:Romania
8725:Croatia
8707:Belgium
8701:Austria
8695:Albania
8663:Austria
8605:Natural
8419:Western
8344:Central
8323:Hamburg
8196:Germany
8106:Realism
7703:present
7430:Nut Art
7233:Pop art
7171:Mono-ha
7039:The Ten
6988:Kapists
6934:Iranian
6887:Bauhaus
6681:Orphism
6627:Fauvism
6464:Russian
6354:Nihonga
6268:Verismo
6253:Realism
6187:Purismo
6100:Moorish
6095:Islamic
6002:Haitian
5793:Baroque
5672:Maniera
5556:Mudéjar
5481:Spanish
5393:Pictish
5376:Lombard
5371:Insular
5312:Severan
5277:Gaulish
5272:Iberian
5201:Archaic
5144:Nuragic
5124:Ancient
5107:periods
4913:General
4772:No wave
4546:Imagism
4496:Acmeism
4448:Pop art
4438:Orphism
4356:Fauvism
4334:Bauhaus
4138:(1959â)
4130:(1959â)
4114:(1958â)
4066:(1930s)
3975:Bauhaus
3962:(1913â)
3954:(1910â)
3727:Bauhaus
3469:Bauhaus
3243:Bauhaus
3185:Bauhaus
2881:"About"
2426:Bauhaus
2410:14 June
2385:14 June
2379:The MET
2326:185â189
2159:(1995)
1582:Gallery
1374:Vorkurs
1370:Vorkurs
1195:in 1936
1157:Dresden
1044:Gestapo
904:Bauhaus
867:Vorkurs
827:Vorkurs
767:Bauhaus
481:pottery
348:Bauhaus
329:German:
211:Session
181:Germany
115:to the
97:in the
60:.
8827:France
8755:Poland
8737:France
8669:France
8647:Poland
8486:Speyer
8333:Wismar
8260:Hedeby
8054:Kitsch
7913:Toyism
7405:Fluxus
7335:Op art
6904:Mingei
6838:Stupid
6816:Purism
6671:Cubism
6320:Modern
6112:Mughal
5902:Rococo
5507:Gothic
5488:Norman
5412:Viking
5366:Hunnic
5344:Coptic
5159:Minoan
5149:Aegean
5137:Dacian
5089:Modern
4989:Neoism
4935:Fluxus
4835:Cinema
4674:Others
4576:Oulipo
4571:Oberiu
4458:Purism
4324:Cubism
4087:Googie
3919:decade
3787:Googie
3466:about
3448:
3438:
3421:
3413:
3374:
3345:
3326:
3307:
3288:
3249:
3230:
3211:
3191:
3172:
3153:
3100:Scribd
3005:Forbes
2643:2 July
2555:
2529:15 May
2520:
2493:
2468:
2357:
2332:
2292:
2267:
2239:
2214:
2189:
2167:
2142:15 May
2133:
2109:
2022:
2012:
1986:
1943:
1902:
1485:UNESCO
1461:Hebrew
1259:Isokon
1232:op art
1205:UNESCO
1201:Israel
1175:Impact
1037:Berlin
962:Dessau
950:Dessau
945:, 1925
885:, 1925
843:Munich
734:, and
712:Weimar
686:Weimar
651:Moscow
448:Berlin
444:Dessau
440:Weimar
419:, and
403:, and
389:Weimar
370:design
362:crafts
354:German
298:emblem
280:Bernau
266:Dessau
252:Weimar
164:Dessau
8851:Italy
8779:Spain
8743:Italy
8675:Italy
8475:Trier
8317:with
7701:2000â
7144:COBRA
6138:Uki-e
6128:Japan
6117:Qajar
5476:Mosan
5282:Roman
5176:Greek
4663:Metal
4606:Music
3419:S2CID
2892:7 May
2588:, 325
1481:Nazis
1334:Aspen
943:]
774:guild
77:DeepL
8816:and
8802:and
8788:and
8684:and
8469:and
8381:and
8331:and
8313:and
8304:and
8272:and
8248:and
7990:Icon
7313:ZERO
7071:and
6968:Asso
6792:Dada
6349:YĆga
5091:and
4925:Dada
4658:Punk
4653:Prog
4648:Rock
4636:Yass
4626:Jazz
4621:Funk
4596:Zaum
3655:2019
3628:2019
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