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invasion from
Morocco. According to Barbour, Sir James outruns the rest of his men and finds himself far out in front with only ten or so followers. Too late, he turns back to rejoin the main body. The agile Moorish cavalry see their opportunity, rally, and counter-attack. In the running fight that follows, Douglas sees Sir William St.Clair surrounded by a body of Moors, trying to fight his way free. With the few knights still with him, Douglas rides to the rescue but all are killed, including Sir William St.Clair and the brothers Sir Robert and Sir Walter Logan.
38:
1429:, thus fulfilling the pledge that Bruce had been unable to honour in his lifetime. The chronicler Jean le Bel tells that Bruce wanted his heart taken to the Holy Land and presented at the Church of the Holy Sepulchre. The poet John Barbour says merely that Bruce wished his heart to be carried in battle against 'God's foes.' The projected campaign in Spain offered Sir James the ideal opportunity for the latter. In the spring of 1330, armed with a safe conduct from
135:
1528:, the King offered Douglas riches, fine horses, and armour. Sir James declined these gifts, declaring that he and his men were prepared to offer their arms in the service of the king as humble pilgrims, seeking absolution for their sins. Alfonso accepted and assigned experienced soldiers, accustomed to the style of fighting on the
1507:
Le Bel relates that the Scots party remained at Sluys for twelve days, with
Douglas holding court on board ship as if the late king were present. Sir James' main purpose, according to Le Bel, was to publicise his mission and find out if other knights were interested in joining the Scots expedition to
1532:
as advisors to
Douglas and his fellow knights. While the Scots rested after their long voyage and waited for the expedition to depart, many foreign knights who had come to seek service with Alfonso of Castile paid their respects to Douglas, including a number of Englishmen who were particularly keen
1626:
with troops to check the assault developing on the river. Some argue that
Douglas and his contingent must have been part of this reinforcement. With battle joined, Uthman believed that his ruse was working and, emerging from the valley where he and his men had been concealed, rode up to attack the
1631:
overlooking the
Almargen valley he saw the camp bristling with Alfonso's men armed and ready while at the same time saw his men on the river downstream beginning to fall back. He instantly abandoned the attack and rode back to support his right wing but arrived only in time to join in the general
1604:
Alfonso had other problems. The five hundred
Portuguese knights declared their term of service was about to expire and withdrew. Meanwhile, the siege engines arrived at Teba and operations began to open a breach in the walls of the castle. One night the garrison of Teba sallied out to attack the
1650:
John
Barbour, in his description of Douglas' last battle, describes a similar rout, with Douglas and his contingent pursuing the fleeing enemy closely. There is, however, no mention of the siege of Teba in Barbour's account, which describes the Christian army advancing from Seville to repel an
1662:
The
Castilian forces pursued the Moorish army back to their camp in the Turon valley. The chance of a more comprehensive victory was lost when the Christians stopped to loot the enemy tents and baggage. Despite further skirmishes, Uthman made no further attempt to raise the siege and shortly
1666:
Barbour tells how
Douglas' body, together with the casket containing the embalmed heart of Bruce, were recovered after the battle. His bones, the flesh boiled off them, and the casket were taken back to Scotland by Douglas' surviving companions. The bones were buried at St Bride's Kirk, at
1508:
the Holy Land. It may be
Douglas was awaiting news of the planned crusade against Granada and on learning that, despite the withdrawal of his allies, King Alfonso still intended to go to war, he finally set sail for Spain. After a stormy passage, the party arrived at the mouth of the
1594:, the river flowing two miles south of the castle. Uthman quickly identified this vulnerability and sent raiding parties to disrupt the watering details. Alfonso in turn sent out patrols to hold them off and there were frequent skirmishes between the two sides.
1674:
The battle was not decisive. While Teba remained secure in Castilian hands, the Guadalteba and Turon valleys continued to be debatable land for the next hundred and fifty years. However, in response to Alfonso XI's victories of 1327–1330, the
1621:
At dawn, Uthman's river contingent occupied the watering grounds of the Guadalteba. Alfonso, however, having been warned by his scouts of the enemy's movements, kept the main force of his army in camp while he sent
1617:
Under cover of darkness, three thousand Moorish cavalry prepared to make a diversionary attack across the river while Uthman took another three thousand upstream to make a flank attack on Alfonso's camp.
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and invited other Christian kings to join him in a new crusade. While negotiations continued, Alfonso initiated a campaign against the western frontier of Granada. In 1327, he captured the castles of
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It is possible that Sir James Douglas was killed in one of these encounters. The 'Gran Cronica de Alfonso XI' refers to a confrontation on the river that resulted in the death of "
1609:
in flames. Uthman too faced difficulties. He had concluded he could not defeat the Christians in open battle and so devised a stratagem to force Alfonso to abandon the siege.
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noble fighting in the service of the sultans of Granada, who set off with six thousand cavalry and an unknown number of infantry to the relief of Teba. Marching up the
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The Castilian sources do not mention any Moorish counter-attacks during the pursuit, despite the Moors' notorious capacity for turning on unwary pursuers.
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The Moors on the river had been unable, or reluctant, to resist the Christian counter-attack. When Alfonso, having seen Uthman withdraw, sent
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and Sir Robert de Glen but evidence is lacking. There appears to be no historical basis for claims that these men were connected with the
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The Christian army was hampered by limited access to water and it was necessary daily to drive their livestock out of camp and down to
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Alfonso formed up his army for the advance south. Barbour claims that Douglas was given command of the lead division, the 'vaward' or
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and sent word to his nobles and knights to concentrate there. A contingent of five hundred knights was also sent by the
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1425:. The King charged that, after his death, Sir James should take his embalmed heart and bear it with him on
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to come up from Ecija, a Granadan relief force was forming in Malaga. This was under the command of
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in 'Freedom and Authority- Scotland 1050–1650.' ed. Brotherstone & Ditchwell, Edinburgh 2000.
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afterwards the garrison of Teba surrendered. The aged Berber general died some weeks later.
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on the frontier. Once across the border, Alfonso continued south to the meadows of
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and a letter of recommendation to King Alfonso XI of Castile, Douglas set off from
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with a further 2,000 men to intervene, the Granadan retreat turned into a rout.
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was re-captured from the Christians in 1333 but Abu Hasan's attempt to re-take
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sent forces in support of Muhammad IV to re-establish control of the
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in 1340 led to his disastrous defeat by allied Christian forces at
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1389:. In 1330, a second expedition was mounted to attack the castle of
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valley, Uthman's force crossed over into the valley of the river
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The Christian host, its size unknown, marched to Ecija then to
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took place in August 1330, in the valley below the fortress of
1913:
The Black Douglases-War and Lordship in Late Medieval Scotland
1524:
Douglas presented his credentials to Alfonso XI. According to
1512:, probably sometime in late June, and disembarked upstream at
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to meet the man who until recently had been their nemesis.
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Here, according to the contemporary Walloon chronicler
1905:, Scottish Historical Review, 69, 1990 April. pp 84–90
1627:Christian camp from the west. When he reached the
1938:Río Guadalteba – Knowledge, la enciclopedia libre
1639:Memorial to Sir James Douglas in the town of Teba
1365:
1944:
1849:ed. Jules Viard & Eugene Deprez, Paris, 1904
1873:The History of the House of Douglas and Angus.
188:
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1920:Sir James Douglas, Spain and the Holy Land
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1370:In 1325, King Alfonso declared war on the
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1983:Battles involving the Emirate of Granada
1883:History of the House of Douglas II Vols.
1634:
1599:a foreign count... through his own error
1405:where an advance base was to be set up.
42:15th century depiction of Battle of Teba
1933:Castillosnet.org, Spanish language site
1903:Sir James Douglas' Death in Spain, 1330
1945:
1831:Barbour (Duncan), Book 20, ll. 479-600
1768:Barbour (Duncan), Book 20, ll. 410-412
1759:Barbour (Duncan), Book 20, ll. 348-372
1732:Barbour (Duncan), Book 20, ll. 480-484
1578:castle and the supporting fortress of
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1822:Barbour (Duncan) Book 20, ll.441-490
1804:Gran Cronica, Ch. XVI,XVII (Catalán)
1504:in 1312, eighteen years previously.
1452:, Douglas' company consisted of one
1865:, ed. A.A.M. Duncan, Edinburgh 1997
13:
1605:siege lines and retired leaving a
1554:While King Alfonso waited for his
1484:, younger brother of Sir William,
14:
2004:
1993:History of the province of Málaga
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1714:Barbour (Duncan), Book 20, l. 318
1813:Gran Cronica, Ch. XVII (Catalán)
1574:where they pitched camp between
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1777:Gran Cronica, Ch. CIV (Catalán)
1645:Rodrigo Álvarez de las Asturias
1855:ed. Diego Catalán, Madrid 1977
1795:Gran Cronica, Ch. XV (Catalán)
1786:Gran Cronica, Ch. CV (Catalán)
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1366:War on the frontier of Granada
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1624:Don Pedro Fernández de Castro
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1498:Order of the Knights Templar
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1853:Gran Cronica De Alfonso XI,
1582:, ten miles south of Teba.
1245:Post-Reconquista Rebellions
10:
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1978:14th century in al-Andalus
1963:Battles involving Scotland
1958:Battles of the Reconquista
1669:Douglas, South Lanarkshire
139:Sir James, Lord of Douglas
1968:Battles involving Castile
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350:1st San Esteban de Gormaz
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1847:Chronique de Jean Le Bel
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1988:14th century in Castile
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1889:Balfour Paul, Sir James
1409:Scottish knights errant
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1468:(William Sinclair) of
115:Commanders and leaders
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1492:, William Borthwick,
1431:Edward III of England
1356:Alfonso XI of Castile
345:Pallars and Ribagorza
152:Uthman ibn Abi al-Ula
126:Alfonso XI of Castile
1879:Maxwell, Sir Herbert
1723:Le Bel, Vol I, Ch.16
1462:Sir William de Keith
1437:and sailed first to
1342:, now a town in the
1227:2nd Granada campaign
624:2nd Balearic Islands
599:1st Balearic Islands
1741:LeBel, Vol I, Ch 16
906:Las Navas de Tolosa
1915:. East Linton 1998
1679:sultan of Morocco
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1375:Emirate of Granada
1344:province of Málaga
1100:Shepherds' Crusade
911:3rd Alcácer do Sal
874:2nd Alcácer do Sal
784:1st Alcácer do Sal
278:2nd Roncevaux Pass
216:1st Roncevaux Pass
109:Emirate of Granada
1953:Conflicts in 1330
1894:The Scots Peerage
1494:Sir Alan Cathcart
1482:John de St. Clair
1472:and the brothers
1423:Sir James Douglas
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1222:9th Gibraltar
1220:
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1217:8th Gibraltar
1215:
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1210:
1208:
1207:7th Gibraltar
1205:
1203:
1202:La Higueruela
1200:
1198:
1197:6th Gibraltar
1195:
1193:
1190:
1188:
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1170:5th Algeciras
1168:
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1150:5th Gibraltar
1148:
1146:
1145:4th Algeciras
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1141:
1138:
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1133:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1115:4th Gibraltar
1113:
1111:
1110:3rd Gibraltar
1108:
1106:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1096:
1093:
1091:
1090:2nd Gibraltar
1088:
1086:
1083:
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1080:3rd Algeciras
1078:
1076:
1075:1st Gibraltar
1073:
1072:
1068:
1067:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1053:2nd Algeciras
1051:
1049:
1048:1st Algeciras
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467:Piedra Pisada
465:
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427:Aqbat al-Bakr
425:
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395:3rd Barcelona
393:
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360:Valdejunquera
358:
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348:
346:
343:
341:
338:
336:
335:Day of Zamora
333:
332:
328:
327:
324:
323:2nd Barcelona
321:
319:
318:2nd Cellorigo
316:
314:
313:1st Cellorigo
311:
309:
306:
304:
301:
299:
298:Monte Laturce
296:
294:
291:
289:
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263:1st Barcelona
261:
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34:
31:
26:
21:
16:
1919:
1912:
1902:
1892:
1882:
1872:
1862:
1859:John Barbour
1852:
1846:
1838:Bibliography
1827:
1818:
1809:
1800:
1791:
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1764:
1755:
1746:
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1719:
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1616:
1603:
1598:
1596:
1589:
1553:
1542:
1535:
1529:
1526:John Barbour
1523:
1510:Guadalquivir
1506:
1490:Kenneth Moir
1458:John Barbour
1447:
1413:In 1329, as
1412:
1369:
1335:
1333:
1263:North Africa
1181:15th century
1104:
1069:14th century
973:4th Valencia
895:13th century
849:4th Santarém
809:3rd Santarém
749:2nd Santarém
669:3rd Valencia
639:2nd Zaragoza
619:1st Santarém
554:2nd Valencia
548:12th century
512:1st Valencia
482:1st Zaragoza
401:11th century
385:Torrevicente
329:10th century
226:Orbieu River
221:Burbia River
191:
144:
87:Belligerents
54:August, 1330
28:Part of the
15:
1885:London 1902
1875:London 1820
1844:Jean Le Bel
1607:siege tower
1568:Guadalhorce
1450:Jean Le Bel
1350:, southern
1321:2nd Tangier
1306:1st Tangier
1165:2nd Montiel
1085:3rd Almería
1003:3rd Seville
931:2nd Majorca
834:2nd Seville
799:2nd Badajoz
779:2nd Almería
769:2nd Tortosa
739:1st Almería
724:1st Montiel
679:1st Badajoz
654:1st Granada
412:Calatañazor
340:1st Majorca
293:Guadalacete
268:1st Tortosa
257:9th century
205:8th century
193:Reconquista
30:Reconquista
1947:Categories
1703:References
1697:Rio Salado
1613:The battle
1187:Collejares
1175:2nd Murcia
1140:Guadalmesí
1130:Río Salado
1028:1st Murcia
988:2nd Xàtiva
983:1st Xàtiva
879:2nd Silves
864:2nd Silves
859:1st Silves
774:2nd Lleida
759:5th Lisbon
719:4th Lisbon
649:1st Lleida
609:Candespina
604:6th Toledo
589:Formentera
579:3rd Lisbon
559:Mollerussa
542:5th Toledo
537:4th Toledo
517:2nd Lisbon
502:3rd Toledo
477:2nd Toledo
365:1st Toledo
308:Polvoraria
251:1st Lisbon
241:Río Quirós
236:Las Babias
100:and allies
1863:The Bruce
1689:Gibraltar
1681:Abu Hasan
1658:Aftermath
1632:retreat.
1586:The siege
1530:Frontera,
1460:included
1348:Andalusia
1301:4nd Ceuta
1291:3nd Ceuta
1284:2nd Ceuta
1279:1st Ceuta
1192:Antequera
1043:Andalusia
1023:3rd Jerez
1013:2nd Jerez
948:1st Jerez
921:Peníscola
889:Talamanca
844:2nd Évora
829:Calatrava
819:Tarragona
804:Juromenha
794:1st Évora
744:Al-Ludjdj
714:2nd Coria
694:1st Coria
629:Martorell
614:Vatalandi
532:Consuegra
457:Golpejera
442:Barbastro
380:Estercuel
211:Covadonga
68:Andalusia
1896:IX Vols.
1549:Almargen
1538:vanguard
1443:Flanders
1415:Robert I
1358:against
1135:Estepona
1063:Iznalloz
998:3rd Jaén
958:Burriana
943:2nd Jaén
916:1st Jaén
901:Al-Dāmūs
839:Abrantes
734:Albacete
709:Trancoso
584:Talavera
564:Balaguer
487:Sagrajas
452:Llantada
375:Simancas
370:Alhandic
303:Morcuera
273:Pancorbo
59:Location
1685:Straits
1677:Marinid
1576:Ardales
1514:Seville
1470:Rosslyn
1435:Berwick
1427:crusade
1395:Cordoba
1372:Moorish
1316:Melilla
1296:Tétouan
1155:Linuesa
1125:Getares
978:Algarve
968:El Puig
963:Córdoba
936:Portopí
884:Alarcos
789:Palmela
764:Sacavém
754:Sacavém
699:Ourique
659:Corbins
644:Cutanda
634:Coimbra
522:Alcoraz
472:Morella
447:Paterna
437:Coimbra
407:Cervera
288:Albelda
283:Clavijo
145:†
98:Castile
1693:Tarifa
1564:Berber
1488:, Sir
1385:, and
1379:Olvera
1311:Asilah
1274:Strait
1237:Málaga
1232:Lucena
1160:Guadix
1058:Moclín
1038:Martos
824:Cuenca
689:Leiria
664:Alcalá
527:Bairén
492:Tudela
422:Albesa
246:Oviedo
141:
75:Result
1580:Turón
1572:Turón
1545:Osuna
1439:Sluys
1403:Ecija
1383:Pruna
1352:Spain
1033:Écija
869:Tomar
854:Alvor
729:Soure
704:Oreja
684:Fraga
674:Aceca
594:Ibiza
569:Uclés
497:Tévar
462:Cabra
432:Graus
390:Rueda
231:Lutos
1562:, a
1476:and
1391:Teba
1340:Teba
1334:The
1269:Salé
1105:Teba
1008:Faro
993:Biar
953:Ares
417:Torà
64:Teba
51:Date
1629:col
1441:in
1346:in
1949::
1911:,
1891:,
1881:,
1871:,
1861:,
1687:.
1671:.
1516:.
1464:,
1445:.
1417:,
1381:,
1362:.
66:,
182:e
175:t
168:v
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