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1241:, a Muslim tribal chief raided the Persian frontier towns in Iraq. After the success of these raids Abu Bakr planned to expand his empire. He started with Iraq, a rich Persian province. After centuries of Persian power and glory, it was important for Abu Bakr's expedition to not to suffer a defeat, for that would confirm and strengthen the fear for the Persian military strength. To overcome these concerns he decided that the army that would invade Persia would consist entirely of volunteers. He put in command of the army his best general
1292:. The aim was to arrive before the Persian forces could gather their strength and strike them whilst weak and unprepared, like most battles this tactic would allow Khalid to exploit and execute many maneuvers before experienced armies could react. When Khalid arrived, he saw Persian ships still arriving at the edge of the river, and immediately understood that the Persian Army was still unprepared and not ready for battle. The Arab aim was to strike before the more experienced veterans would arrive.
1305:
quite able to fight in the top-class champions, Khalid did not call him back. They fought and Maqal killed Qarin. Afterwards, the other two generals, Qubaz and
Anushjan came forward and gave the challenge for single combat. The challenge was accepted by the commanders of the Muslim wings, Asim and Adi. Asim killed Anushjan and Adi killed Qabuz. As the Persian generals fell, Khalid gave the order for a general attack and the Muslims rushed forward to assault the massed Persian army.
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to fill up their lines with experienced
Persian veterans who converted to Islam and would face inexperienced conscripts, the idea would lead many to abandon the cause and return home. Karinz panicked and chose to fight out of Uballa in a place called Al Madhar, knowing the Persian veterans who had converted to Islam would not know the area. Karinz chose this place because it was near the
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Khalid faced the
Persians with about 17,000 men. The two armies formed up for battle. Qubaz and Anushjan commanded the wings of Persian army while Qarin who was 100,000 dirhams General, kept the centre. Persian army was deployed with the river close behind to it with fleets of boats ready at the near
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After the Battle of Chains the force of the
Persian army led by the officers commanding the wings Qubaz and Anoshagan joined Karinz's army. Survivors from the Battle of Chains had informed commanding officers of how Persian veterans had abandoned them and joined the Muslim forces allowing the Muslims
1257:
Before the Battle of Chains, the Marzbān Hormuz wrote to the emperor about the threat from Arabia and concentrated an army for the battle, consisting of a large number of
Christian Arab auxiliaries, and before the battle the emperor sent a big army led by a top-ranking general by the name of Qarin,
1304:
The battle began with three duels. The first to step forward and call out a challenge was Qarin. As Khalid urged his horse forward, another Muslim Maqal bin Al Ashi, rode out of the Muslim front rank and made for Qarin. Maqal reached Qarin before Khalid and since he was accomplished swordsman and
1308:
The
Persian army here now lost all the top generals, yet the men fought bravely and were able to hold the Muslim attacks for a while. But because of the absence of able generals, disorder and confusion soon became apparent in the Persian ranks. Eventually, under the continued Muslim attacks, the
1438:
This victory enabled Ḵāled to penetrate the lower line of
Sasanian frontier defenses near the coast and invade Maysān, where he defeated the survivors of Hormoz's army and reinforcements from al-Madāʾen at the battle of Maḏār in Ṣafar, 12/March-April,
1333:. The first Muslim invasion of Iraq was completed within four months. Abu Bakr didn't direct Khalid to move deeper into the Sassanid territory, and after nine months he sent him to command the invasion of Byzantine Empire on the
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bank to facilitate withdrawal. Khalid also deployed with the centre and wings, again appointing Asim bin Amr and Adi bin Hatim as the commander of the wings.
1234:(Eastern Roman Empire) and thus set in motion a historical trajectory that in just a few short decades would lead to one of the largest empires in history.
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over Arabia. Once the rebellions had been put down, Abu Bakr began a war of conquest. He launched campaigns against the
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Persian army lost all cohesion, turned about and made for river bank. 30,000 Persians were killed in this battle.
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that states a
Knowledge editor's personal feelings or presents an original argument about a topic.
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which was an important port of the Persian Empire in case the Muslims defeated Marzbān Hormuz.
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The Sword of Allah: Khalid bin al-Waleed, His Life and Campaigns
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making it easier for the Persian regulars to arrive with ease.
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tribes throughout Arabia in the successful campaign against
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personal reflection, personal essay, or argumentative essay
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633 CE conflict during the Islamic conquest of Persia
243:. Please help to ensure that disputed statements are
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1483:Battles involving the Rashidun Caliphate
239:Relevant discussion may be found on the
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1488:Battles involving the Sasanian Empire
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31:This article has multiple issues.
1430:"ARAB ii. Arab conquest of Iran"
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1178:) between the forces of the
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1013:Conquest of Byzantine Syria
943:Conquest of Sasanian Persia
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1214:succeeded him as first
393:Commanders and leaders
185:by rewriting it in an
1434:Encyclopaedia Iranica
851:Demolition of al-Uzza
450:Casualties and losses
1445:Akram, A.I. (1970).
1206:The Islamic prophet
232:factual accuracy is
81:improve this article
1428:Morony, M. (2012).
1271:Persian preparation
1243:Khalid ibn al-Walid
1192:Khalid ibn al-Walid
1168:Battle of Al Madhar
1164:Battle of the River
1121:Conquest of Bahnasa
1113:Campaigns in Africa
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299:Battle of the River
1284:Muslim preparation
1266:Battle preparation
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1176:Asoristan Province
891:2nd Dumatul Jandal
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339:Asoristan Province
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1247:Battle of Chains
1232:Byzantine Empire
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79:Please help
74:verification
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33:Please help
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1378:Morony 2012
1172:Mesopotamia
1141:Iron Bridge
1076:Marj ar-Rum
981:Ayn al-Tamr
841:Hudaybiyyah
639:Gundishapur
610:2nd Babylon
575:1st Babylon
545:Ayn al-Tamr
509:Mesopotamia
335:Mesopotamia
253:August 2010
137:August 2010
1472:Categories
1412:Akram 1970
1395:Akram 1970
1365:References
1253:Background
1239:Ridda Wars
1237:After the
1151:Germanicia
1026:Marj Rahit
903:Ridda Wars
736:Oxus River
683:Azerbaijan
107:newspapers
36:improve it
1355:al-Tabari
1313:Aftermath
1126:Cyrenaica
1096:2nd Emesa
1091:Jerusalem
816:Campaigns
627:Khuzestan
615:Ctesiphon
498:of Persia
325:April 633
241:talk page
42:talk page
1331:Al-Hirah
1224:apostasy
1212:Abu Bakr
1208:Muhammad
1190:, under
1182:and the
1061:Damascus
1046:Ajnadayn
991:Muzayyah
976:Al-Anbar
773:Sakastan
741:Nishapur
729:Khorasan
717:Bishapur
677:Caucasus
666:Waj Rudh
656:Nahavand
634:Shushtar
555:Muzayyah
540:Al-Anbar
455:Very low
440:Strength
330:Location
304:Part of
234:disputed
1422:Sources
1202:Prelude
1188:Muslims
1146:Armenia
1086:Yarmouk
911:Buzakha
751:Badghis
722:Estakhr
703:Derbent
693:Albania
688:Armenia
644:Bayrudh
580:Namaraq
458:30,000
432:†
423:†
414:†
353:victory
181:Please
121:scholar
1455:
1296:Battle
1260:Uballa
1228:Medina
1216:Caliph
1106:Aleppo
1051:Yaqusa
1001:Zumail
996:Saniyy
986:Husayd
966:Ullais
961:Walaja
951:Chains
921:Yamama
916:Ghamra
896:Najran
866:Hunayn
846:Mu'tah
768:Kerman
698:Iberia
661:Spahan
620:Jalula
595:Buwaib
590:Bridge
585:Kaskar
565:Zumail
560:Saniyy
550:Husayd
530:Ullais
525:Walaja
515:Chains
445:17,000
347:Result
123:
116:
109:
102:
94:
1341:Notes
1101:Hazir
1081:Emesa
1041:Bosra
1021:Firaz
1006:Firaz
956:River
936:Naqra
926:Zafar
881:Tabuk
871:Mecca
861:Ta'if
746:Herat
570:Firaz
520:River
128:JSTOR
114:books
1453:ISBN
1439:633.
1220:Arab
1162:The
1071:Fahl
971:Hira
710:Pars
605:Burs
535:Hira
322:Date
100:news
1493:633
818:of
671:Ray
308:and
83:by
1474::
1436:.
1432:.
1402:^
1385:^
1337:.
1325:–
1321:–
1198:.
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1461:.
1380:.
1174:(
807:e
800:t
793:v
487:e
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