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1135:. On the way he met Beaulieu, who had the temerity to ask for some Dutch troops to cover Kortrijk. The Prince refused in a huff. According to De Bas the Hereditary Prince was much appreciated by the Dutch authorities (especially his father, the stadtholder and Captain-General of the States Army) for his decision to extricate the Dutch troops from Wervik and Menen, and retreat all the way to Ghent, thereby avoiding the destruction of the mobile army. If only he had done so sooner, as he intended on 10 September, instead of accepting battle against overwhelming odds. But then he reasonably assumed that Beaulieu's main force would join him in the battle. If this had happened the two forces would have been more evenly matched in numbers.
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pressed by the French assault. Beaulieu refused, pleading that his troops had not yet had breakfast, and therefore could not be ready to march before 9 or 10 AM. He also informed the Prince that he had orders to support the
British and not the Dutch. However, he detached four squadrons of cavalry (about 400 men) under general Kray to support Prince Frederick at Wervik, who with 5,000 Dutch troops was holding off a French attack of the division-HĂ©douville that had started at 5 AM. The village had changed hands twice already, before the French managed to occupy it in force, and drove the Dutch back with sustained artillery fire.
1120:, against two strong French columns of the division-BĂ©ru, that vastly outnumbered the Dutch, and had 17 heavy artillery pieces, which did great execution among the Dutch. The Dutch troops fought on in the vain hope that Beaulieu would send reinforcements. Around 11 AM the Dutch had to give way, as a third French column threatened to turn their flank. French troops under general Dumonceau managed to reach the fortified, but lightly defended, town of Menen, thereby splitting the Dutch forces. When he heard this, general Golowkin, who had intended to occupy the town, decided to retreat further in the direction of
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993:, where they concentrated. A further retreat toward Kortrijk was contemplated and set in motion on 10 September but on the way the Hereditary Prince was informed that Coburg had succeeded in forcing the capitulation of Le Quesnoy, and therefore was able to detach a force of 14,000 Austrians under Beaulieu to reinforce the Dutch along the Leie. This convinced the Dutch commander to remain in position.
1113:. This loss of the Dutch commander prompted so much confusion on the Allied side that a general retreat started, led by Frederick's second-in-command major-general Count Golowkin. The retreat was bravely covered by the Swiss, who held off pursuing French cavalry, but in the rearguard action the battalion of major Hohenlohe was destroyed with great loss of life.
875:. The great superiority in numbers being on the French side the battle ended in a victory for France, with the Dutch army suffering many losses. Among the casualties was Prince Frederick, who was wounded in the shoulder at Wervik, an injury from which he never fully recovered. The combat occurred during the
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Early the next morning, 13 September, Houchard started a three-pronged attack by launching columns under generals HĂ©douville, BĂ©ru, and
Dumesny toward the Dutch positions. Informed about the attack, the Hereditary Prince asked Beaulieu personally to send reinforcements to the Dutch, who were already
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and Roncq (where they surprised an outpost of the Dutch regiment "Van Brakel," with a loss 40 men), while
Beaulieu arrived at the Leie with six squadrons of cavalry and six battalions of infantry (not the hoped-for 14,000, but still about 8,000 men). Here the Hereditary Prince personally welcomed him
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is less severe on
Beaulieu than De Bas, asserting that Beaulieu could not avoid leaving the Dutch in the lurch. However, though his account on the whole tallies with the narrative De Bas gives, he has crucial facts wrong like his apparent ignorance of the indisposition of Prince Frederick during the
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arrived at Wervik, he assured Prince
Frederick that Beaulieu's main force would follow, and convinced the inexperienced Dutchman that it was safe to start a counterattack. The young Prince set himself at the head of the Dutch Guards, and supported by the Swiss regiment-De Gumoëns (in Dutch service)
1128:(Courtrai). In the evening he made a stand in a good position near Wevelgem. Dutch cavalry, and a Prussian corps under Von Reitzenstein that had observed the battle with interest near Gheluvelt, but not engaged in it, managed to break through the French lines and retreat to the vicinity of Ypres.
969:
The
British retreat did not turn into a rout, because Houchard did not pursue them energetically enough, according to later French military commentators. Instead of following in the direction of Veurne he turned sharply right on 10 September, following a plan that
1039:, representing the Dutch perspective, who reported the French attack as a complete surprise. In the morning of 12 September, two columns of French troops under Dumesny and HĂ©douville finally left Bailleul for Menen, marching along the left bank of the Leie.
1109:, and in confusion rode down the Dutch infantry, which also broke. At this crucial moment Prince Frederick was hit in the shoulder by a musket ball, and fell through loss of blood unconscious off his horse. Only with difficulty was he evacuated to a Dutch
1079:, where the Austrians stayed overnight. Meanwhile, Dutch troops forced the French vanguard, advancing in two columns toward Menen and Halluin, back near Halluin. In these skirmishes the Prince of Hesse-Darmstadt was severely wounded.
49:
1372:
The Field of Mars being an
Alphabetical Digestion of the Principal Naval and Military Engagements, in Europe, Asia, Africa, and America, particularly of Great Britain and her Allies, from the ninth century to the Peace of
950:, protecting the lines of communication between two allied armies, for which task it was overextended. The Dutch commander repeatedly asked for reinforcements from his Allies, but these requests were denied. After the
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The Dutch States Army remained at Ghent for the remainder of 1793. Prince
Frederick had a difficult recovery from his wound; it never healed satisfactorily and may have contributed to his premature death in 1799.
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1050:. These troops advanced east along the north bank of the Leie toward Wervik, forming the left prong of the French attack. Béru's division with 10,000–11,000 soldiers moved north from the camps near
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Powell gives a vivid eye witness report of actions on 23 October in Powell, Thomas (1968), The Diary of
Lieutenant Thomas Powell, 14th Foot, 1793–1795, London: The White Rose (Journal).
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According to
Foucart, HĂ©douville missed a chance to destroy the corps of the Hereditary Prince, because he failed to capture a vital bridge over the Leie in time; Cf. Foucart, p. 137
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The next day the Hereditary Prince started the Dutch troops on an orderly strategic retreat (and therefore not in disarray, as some sources claim without any basis) toward
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River toward Wervik and Menen. The Dutch defenders held their own on 12 September. On 13 September the French won a significant victory, forcing the Dutch to withdraw to
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The three French generals lost valuable time at Bailleul in preparation but their presence remained hidden from the Dutch. This was also evidenced by the narrative of
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and two grenadier battalions, flanked by Dutch and Austrian cavalry, attacked a French battery head on. The Austrian cavalry troops were hit by heavy
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had placed himself at the head of one of the French battalions and had his leg broken by an exploding shell for his trouble; Cf. Foucart, p. 137
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Here, as elsewhere, "Dutch" should be read as "in Dutch service" as most of the troops of the States Army were foreign professional soldiers.
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who had special responsibility for the conduct of the war, had laid down in a letter of 5 September. The plan had as objective the relief of
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decided to fall on the Dutch forces defending Menen. About 27,000 French troops advanced on Menen from two directions - northwards from
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The prince recalled after he had regained consciousness that he had ordered Golowkin to retreat. Noblesse oblige. Cf. De Bas, p. 209
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stated Dutch losses as 3,100 men and 40 guns out of a total of 13,000 infantry and 1,800 cavalry, while the French lost 1,500 men.
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and take the fortress. Had to defeat the Dutch troops around Menen as they would otherwise threaten his left flank near Tournai.
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and men (of which 18 officers and 131 other ranks killed), 164 horses and 40 guns. The French had 600 casualties. Historian
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The Dutch troops had retreated from Ypres, as this was considered indefensible for lack of provisions and toward Menen and
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1004:. In the center the Hereditary Prince held Menen with 6,000 men with 4 battalions under Wartensleben pushed forward into
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At Bailleul, Dumesny's division counted 10,000 troops and HĂ©douville's division numbered 6,500 men, including foot
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Meanwhile, the Hereditary Prince led the Dutch defense at Halluin with six battalions, under command of
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reoccupied the Leie-line in late September, but were again driven from Wervik and Menen by Dumesny and
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gave Dutch losses as 88 officers and 3,000 rank and file, including 1,200 men and 40 guns captured.
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and abandoned Menen. Despite his recent successes, Houchard was charged with treason and executed.
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883:. Menen is a city in Belgium located on the French border about 100 km (62 mi) west of
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to meet up with Joseph de HĂ©douville who marched there with his troops from Houthem by way of
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Three days later Houchard met Beaulieu and was defeated by the well-rested Austrians at the
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The evening of 12 September strong French detachments had already reached the woods around
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to guard against French invasion. That treaty had been abrogated by the Austrian emperor
962:(Furnes), thereby exposing the Dutch right flank, which was in danger of being turned at
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of Flanders – the battlefield is in the middle of the triangle "Ipres"-Tournai-Courtrai
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938:. The States Army under the Hereditary Prince was left to guard a long line along the
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In the Summer of 1793 the Coalition forces had split, with the British army besieging
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1054:, forming the right prong. The Lille division was split into a left column under
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1185:, where they distinguished themselves at the recapture of the city on the 25th.
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Histoire Critique Et Militaire Des Guerres de la Revolution: Campagne de 1793
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Ironically, after the battle the city of Menen was occupied by troops of the
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Menen had been one of the fortresses granted to the Dutch Republic in the
1200:
in October. However, the 1793 Campaign season was ended by the battles of
1012:. On the left flank the Prussians of Von Geusau and Reitzenstein occupied
4738:
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1032:. Pierre Marie Joseph Salomon Dumesny was already there on 11 September.
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was fought on 12 and 13 September 1793 between 30,000 men of the French
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from 6 to 8 September 1793 the British were forced to raise the
959:
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78:
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François Alexandre Frédéric, duc de la Rochefoucauld-Liancourt
996:
Houchard knew the Dutch dispositions, on the right flank, the
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1235:. Vol. I. USA: Pickle Partners Publishing. p. 240.
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1005:
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899:
837:
82:
910:. Two days later, the French were beaten by Beaulieu in the
939:
903:
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retreat of his troops to Roeselaere; Cf. Jomini, pp. 62-65
1233:
The Armies of the First French Republic: The Armée du Nord
3706:
1310:
Trophées des Armées Françaises depuis 1792 jusqu'en 1825
1058:, a center column led by BĂ©ru and a right column under
902:
toward Menen and eastwards along the north bank of the
1208:, and the French had to retreat from these positions.
982:
which was still holding out. Houchard was to march on
237:
4622:
List of people associated with the French Revolution
4854:
Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen
1944:
Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen
1582:
4963:
3780:Frederick Louis, Prince of Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen
1409:La défense nationale dans le Nord de 1792 à 1802
867:, and a few squadrons of Austrian cavalry under
1630:A history of the British army, Volume 4, Part 1
1822:Significant civil and political events by year
1709:
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223:
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3775:Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick
1500:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1336:
4982:French conquest of the Austrian Netherlands
2462:
1283:Prins Frederik Der Nederlanden en Zijn Tijd
1223:
1221:
1138:The Dutch losses were 97 officers and 1394
1075:and led him across the Leie to a camp near
3979:Alexandre-Théodore-Victor, comte de Lameth
1716:
1702:
505:
491:
230:
216:
19:For the battle that took place during the
4244:Louis Michel le Peletier de Saint-Fargeau
3902:Honoré Gabriel Riqueti, comte de Mirabeau
3725:Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany
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1397:
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1313:. Vol. 1. Le Fuel. 1830. p. 101
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1960:Nationalization of the Church properties
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1301:
1218:
1085:
16:Battle of the War of the First Coalition
4905:Historiography of the French Revolution
4176:Antoine Christophe Merlin de Thionville
3887:Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette
1537:Low, Sir John and F.S. Pulling (1910).
1405:
1365:
1363:
1361:
1211:
4964:
3912:Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-PĂ©rigord
3867:Other significant figures and factions
1580:
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1460:
1388:
1376:. Vol. II. London: Robinson. 1801
1325:
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1227:
1096:(click for higher resolution and zoom)
4780:
4675:
3959:François-Marie, marquis de Barthélemy
3865:
3715:James Saumarez, 1st Baron de Saumarez
3654:Prince Josias of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld
3612:Friedrich Adolf, Count von Kalckreuth
3215:
2461:
2092:Paris Commune becomes insurrectionary
1820:
1723:
1697:
1344:. London: Greenhill. pp. 55–56.
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4113:Louis Marie de La Révellière-Lépeaux
3525:Claude Victor-Perrin, Duc de Belluno
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2312:Insurrection of 12 Germinal Year III
1585:The Flemings and Walloons of Belgium
1358:
1170:and commanded by lieutenant-colonel
1166:), a brigade formed by exiled Dutch
861:William, Hereditary Prince of Orange
4781:
3720:Edward Pellew, 1st Viscount Exmouth
1660:
1536:
1406:Foucart, P.E. and J. Finot (1893).
1276:
851:, and 13,000 Coalition troops: the
13:
4910:Influence of the French Revolution
4900:Symbolism in the French Revolution
3664:Prince Heinrich XV of Reuss-Plauen
3625:Charles Eugene, Prince of Lambesc
1880:Convocation of the Estates General
1249:
14:
5018:
4552:Guillaume-Chrétien de Malesherbes
4284:Antoine Quentin Fouquier-Tinville
3586:Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen
3368:François Christophe de Kellermann
2607:Battle of Peyrestortes (Pyrenees)
1663:"Troupes Hollandaises et Bataves"
1589:. Minority Rights Group. p.
865:Prince Frederick of Orange-Nassau
55:Prince Frederick of Orange-Nassau
4279:Philippe-Antoine Merlin de Douai
4186:Pierre Samuel du Pont de Nemours
4156:Lazare Nicolas Marguerite Carnot
4047:Jean-Marie Roland de la Platière
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3443:Édouard Mortier, Duke of Trévise
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1996:Civil Constitution of the Clergy
1527:of 1715 in the territory of the
1286:. Vol. 1. H. A. M. Roelants
168:
156:
136:
124:
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48:
4617:Jean-Jacques Duval d'Eprémesnil
4364:Jacques-Nicolas Billaud-Varenne
4289:Philippe-François-Joseph Le Bas
3500:Jean-Mathieu-Philibert SĂ©rurier
3495:Barthélemy Louis Joseph Schérer
3475:Catherine-Dominique de PĂ©rignon
3303:Adam Philippe, Comte de Custine
2221:Marie Antoinette is guillotined
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1654:
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1633:. Macmillan and co. p. 142
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1471:Jomini, Antoine Henri, baron de
4890:Women in the French Revolution
4492:Louis Antoine, Duke of Enghien
3669:Johann Mészáros von Szoboszló
3333:Pierre Marie Barthélemy Ferino
2962:French invasion of Switzerland
1442:
1433:
1424:
930:, and the Austrians under the
25:Battle of the Menin Road Ridge
1:
5002:1793 in the Habsburg monarchy
4987:1793 in the Holy Roman Empire
4895:Incroyables and merveilleuses
4714:Pierre Claude François Daunou
4502:Louis Joseph, Prince of Condé
3633:Maximilian Baillet de Latour
3604:Friedrich Freiherr von Hotze
2901:Naval Engagement off Brittany
2654:Battle of Villers-en-Cauchies
2628:Battle of Truillas (Pyrenees)
2437:Constitution of the Year VIII
2172:Committee of General Security
2057:National Legislative Assembly
1912:National Constituent Assembly
1342:The Napoleonic Wars Data Book
1065:
917:
467:Italian campaign of 1796-1797
4813:Liberté, égalité, fraternité
4607:Charles Alexandre de Calonne
4497:Louis Henri, Prince of Condé
4394:Jean Baptiste Noël Bouchotte
4294:Marc-Guillaume Alexis Vadier
3984:Charles Malo François Lameth
3659:Peter Vitus von Quosdanovich
3490:Laurent de Gouvion Saint-Cyr
3433:Bon-Adrien Jeannot de Moncey
2633:Second Battle of Wissembourg
2320:Constitution of the Year III
1153:
1022:Antoine Anne Lecourt de BĂ©ru
7:
4997:1790s in the Dutch Republic
4709:Charles-Augustin de Coulomb
4334:Antoine Christophe Saliceti
4269:Jean-Marie Collot d'Herbois
4229:Louis Antoine de Saint-Just
4108:Jean-Baptiste Robert Lindet
4093:JĂ©rĂ´me PĂ©tion de Villeneuve
4088:Pierre Victurnien Vergniaud
3897:Isaac René Guy le Chapelier
3750:William V, Prince of Orange
2620:First Battle of Wissembourg
2577:(21 Dec 1792 - 25 May 1793)
2293:Closing of the Jacobin Club
2162:(27 Jun 1793 – 27 Jul 1794)
2119:(20 Sep 1792 – 26 Oct 1795)
1979:Abolition of the Parlements
1952:Women's March on Versailles
10:
5023:
4844:French Republican calendar
4399:Jean-Baptiste-Joseph Gobel
4024:Bertrand Barère de Vieuzac
3378:Pierre Choderlos de Laclos
3328:Charles François Dumouriez
3318:Jacques François Dugommier
3132:League of Armed Neutrality
2965:(28 January – 17 May 1798)
2917:Battle of the Bay of Cádiz
2740:(22 Nov 1794 - 7 Jun 1795)
2719:(22 Nov 1794 - 7 Jun 1795)
2383:Second Congress of Rastatt
2167:Committee of Public Safety
2154:(9 Mar 1793 – 31 May 1795)
1661:Brayart, L. and D. Davin.
976:Committee of Public Safety
881:War of the First Coalition
241:War of the First Coalition
18:
4859:Cult of the Supreme Being
4787:
4776:
4682:
4671:
4630:
4464:
4457:
4342:
4199:
4121:
4032:
4019:Pierre Paul Royer-Collard
3925:
3874:Patriotic Society of 1789
3872:
3861:
3823:
3788:
3758:
3733:
3690:
3677:Karl Philipp Sebottendorf
3599:Karl Aloys zu FĂĽrstenberg
3564:
3555:
3533:
3238:
3222:
3211:
3180:
3143:
3116:Convention of Alessandria
3098:
3005:
2952:
2883:
2753:
2727:
2644:
2541:
2468:
2457:
2413:
2402:Law of 22 Floréal Year VI
2394:
2367:
2304:
2240:
2135:
2068:
2017:
1971:
1863:What Is the Third Estate?
1854:
1827:
1816:
1731:
1479:. Chez Anselin et Pochard
1448:During which attacks the
1179:Battle of Courtrai (1793)
1140:non-commissioned officers
998:Prince of Hesse-Darmstadt
890:After his victory in the
524:
447:Rhine campaign of 1793–94
254:
193:
180:
149:
105:
61:
47:
42:French Revolutionary Wars
39:
34:
5007:History of West Flanders
4567:Gui-Jean-Baptiste Target
4532:Joséphine de Beauharnais
4414:Stanislas-Marie Maillard
4384:François-Nicolas Vincent
4369:Pierre Gaspard Chaumette
3543:Charles-Alexandre Linois
3438:Jean Victor Marie Moreau
3418:François Séverin Marceau
3398:François Joseph Lefebvre
3293:Jean-Étienne Championnet
3268:Louis-Alexandre Berthier
3263:Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte
3258:Alexandre de Beauharnais
3248:Eustache Charles d'Aoust
2970:French Invasion of Egypt
2848:Second Battle of Bassano
2582:Battle of Kaiserslautern
2356:Conspiracy of the Equals
2049:The Constitution of 1791
1920:Storming of the Bastille
1627:Fortescue, J.W. (1906).
1412:. Impr. Lefebvre-Ducrocq
1160:Légion franche étrangère
958:, and to fall back upon
175:Prince William of Orange
57:is wounded at the battle
4547:Jacques-Donatien Le Ray
4419:Charles-Philippe Ronsin
4379:Antoine-François Momoro
4374:Charles-Philippe Ronsin
4191:François de Neufchâteau
4141:Charles-François Lebrun
4083:Jean Baptiste Treilhard
3964:Guillaume-Mathieu Dumas
3840:Luis Firmin de Carvajal
3646:Rudolf Ritter von Otto
3641:Karl Mack von Leiberich
3273:Jean-Baptiste Bessières
3087:Second Battle of Zurich
2978:Irish Rebellion of 1798
2824:First Battle of Bassano
2662:Second Battle of Boulou
2463:Revolutionary campaigns
2421:Coup of 30 Prairial VII
2336:Council of Five Hundred
2124:First republic declared
2060:(1 Oct 1791 – Sep 1792)
2041:Declaration of Pillnitz
1765:Constitutional monarchy
1581:Irving, R.E.M. (1980).
1556:Menin barrier fortress.
1489:bataille de Menin 1793.
1451:représentant en mission
1048:Claude-Sylvestre Colaud
894:, the French commander
35:Battle of Wervik (1793)
4876:
4835:
4811:
4792:
4304:Prieur de la CĂ´te-d'Or
4299:Jean-Pierre-André Amar
4209:Maximilien Robespierre
4042:Jacques Pierre Brissot
3907:Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès
3338:Louis-Charles de Flers
3323:Thomas-Alexandre Dumas
3288:Jean François Carteaux
3063:First Battle of Zurich
3026:(20 Mar – 21 May 1799)
2981:(23 May – 23 Sep 1798)
2941:Treaty of Campo Formio
2687:Glorious First of June
2615:(18 Sep – 18 Dec 1793)
2574:Expedition to Sardinia
2252:Desmoulins guillotined
2187:Assassination of Marat
2179:Fall of the Girondists
2151:Revolutionary Tribunal
2143:Execution of Louis XVI
2033:Champ de Mars massacre
1936:Abolition of Feudalism
1097:
942:(Lys) river, based on
462:Rhine campaign of 1796
457:Rhine campaign of 1795
422:Mediterranean campaign
150:Commanders and leaders
4749:Jean-Jacques Rousseau
4014:Jean-Charles Pichegru
3994:Jean-François Rewbell
3480:Jean-Charles Pichegru
3363:Jean-Baptiste Jourdan
3353:Jacques Maurice Hatry
3124:Battle of Hohenlinden
2997:(12 Oct – 5 Dec 1798)
2832:Battle of Emmendingen
2779:Battle of Castiglione
2666:(30 Apr – 1 May 1794)
2597:Battle of Hondschoote
2268:Thermidorian Reaction
2232:(throughout the year)
2005:Fête de la Fédération
1931:(20 Jul – 5 Aug 1789)
1915:(9 Jul – 30 Sep 1791)
1899:(17 Jun – 9 Jul 1790)
1651:Phipps (2010), p. 241
1229:Phipps, Ramsay Weston
1089:
952:Battle of Hondschoote
896:Jean Nicolas Houchard
892:Battle of Hondschoote
873:Johann Peter Beaulieu
855:(mobile army) of the
849:Jean Nicolas Houchard
649:Battle of Vaux (1794)
194:Casualties and losses
4677:Influential thinkers
4424:Jean-François Varlet
4324:Jean-Lambert Tallien
4319:Jean Bon Saint-André
4146:Pierre-Joseph Cambon
4068:Marquis de Condorcet
3917:Nicolas de Condorcet
3682:Dagobert von Wurmser
3515:Louis-Gabriel Suchet
3458:Pierre-Jacques Osten
3373:Jean-Baptiste Kléber
3308:Louis-Nicolas Davout
3298:Chapuis de Tourville
2840:Battle of Schliengen
2787:Battle of Theiningen
2708:Battle of Aldenhoven
2592:Battle of Wattignies
2561:Battle of Neerwinden
2375:Coup of 18 Fructidor
1888:Death of the Dauphin
1529:Austrian Netherlands
1430:Foucart; pp. 206-207
1212:Notes and references
1144:Ramsay Weston Phipps
1092:Daniel de la Feuille
1000:occupied Wervik and
974:, the member of the
202:1,550-3,100, 40 guns
69:12–13 September 1793
4944: /
4764:Mary Wollstonecraft
4542:Jean Sylvain Bailly
4329:Pierre Louis Prieur
4274:Jean-Henri Voulland
4249:Jacques-Louis David
4181:Jean Joseph Mounier
3882:Jean Sylvain Bailly
3520:Belgrand de Vaubois
3408:Jean-Antoine Marbot
3348:Emmanuel de Grouchy
3153:Treaty of Lunéville
2792:Battle of Neresheim
2737:Siege of Luxembourg
2716:Siege of Luxembourg
2671:Battle of Tourcoing
2602:Siege of Bellegarde
2429:Coup of 18 Brumaire
2341:Council of Ancients
2116:National Convention
2108:September Massacres
2084:Brunswick Manifesto
2076:France declares war
1843:Assembly of Vizille
1543:. Cassell. p.
1540:Barrier Treaty 1715
1020:. Houchard ordered
859:, commanded by the
658:Villers-en-Cauchies
442:East Indies Theatre
432:War of the Pyrenees
4948:50.7956°N 3.1217°E
4602:Loménie de Brienne
4577:Madame de Lamballe
4512:Napoléon Bonaparte
4309:Prieur de la Marne
4224:Camille Desmoulins
4078:Marie Jean HĂ©rault
3954:Jean-Sifrein Maury
3949:Arnaud de La Porte
3805:Alexander Korsakov
3591:Count of Clerfayt
3510:Jean-de-Dieu Soult
3423:Auguste de Marmont
3278:Napoléon Bonaparte
3169:Algeciras campaign
3161:Treaty of Florence
3039:Battle of Stockach
2872:Ireland expedition
2856:Battle of Calliano
2816:Battle of Rovereto
2808:Battle of WĂĽrzburg
2260:Law of 22 Prairial
2229:Anti-clerical laws
2204:The Death of Marat
2025:Flight to Varennes
1118:Count Wartensleben
1098:
912:Battle of Courtrai
641:Marchiennes (1793)
4972:Conflicts in 1793
4927:
4926:
4923:
4922:
4801:Cockade of France
4772:
4771:
4734:Antoine Lavoisier
4724:Benjamin Franklin
4704:Anacharsis Cloots
4667:
4666:
4663:
4662:
4587:Louis de Breteuil
4429:Theophile Leclerc
3857:
3856:
3853:
3852:
3810:Alexander Suvorov
3551:
3550:
3485:JĂłzef Poniatowski
3403:Étienne Macdonald
3207:
3206:
3108:Battle of Marengo
3071:Battle of Trebbia
3055:Battle of Cassano
3047:Battle of Magnano
3031:Battle of Ostrach
2933:Battle of Neuwied
2695:Battle of Fleurus
2679:Battle of Tournay
2556:War in the Vendée
2492:Royalist Revolts
2453:
2452:
2010:
1986:Abolition of the
1904:Tennis Court Oath
1896:National Assembly
1725:French Revolution
1242:978-1-908692-24-5
1198:Jacques MacDonald
1056:Jacques MacDonald
877:Flanders Campaign
857:Dutch States Army
844:Army of the North
822:
821:
516:Flanders campaign
480:
479:
472:Anglo-Spanish War
452:Atlantic campaign
437:Italian campaigns
427:War in the Vendée
412:Flanders campaign
206:
205:
101:
100:
5014:
4959:
4958:
4956:
4955:
4954:
4949:
4945:
4942:
4941:
4940:
4937:
4881:
4869:Temple of Reason
4840:
4816:
4797:
4778:
4777:
4729:Thomas Jefferson
4673:
4672:
4592:de Chateaubriand
4522:Joseph Bonaparte
4517:Lucien Bonaparte
4507:Marie Antoinette
4462:
4461:
4449:Sylvain Maréchal
4404:François Hanriot
4239:Louis Philippe I
4166:Louis Philippe I
4161:Philippe Égalité
4103:Olympe de Gouges
4073:Charlotte Corday
4063:Étienne Clavière
3863:
3862:
3845:Antonio Ricardos
3830:
3829:
3815:Andrei Rosenberg
3795:
3794:
3765:
3764:
3740:
3739:
3710:Ralph Abercromby
3697:
3696:
3672:
3649:
3636:
3628:
3620:
3607:
3594:
3571:
3570:
3562:
3561:
3466:
3413:Marcellin Marbot
3236:
3235:
3229:
3228:
3217:Military leaders
3213:
3212:
3200:
3192:
3188:Treaty of Amiens
3173:
3165:
3157:
3136:
3128:
3120:
3112:
3091:
3090:(25–26 Sep 1799)
3083:
3075:
3074:(17–20 Jun 1799)
3067:
3059:
3058:(27–28 Apr 1799)
3051:
3043:
3035:
3034:(20–21 Mar 1799)
3027:
3019:
3015:Second Coalition
2998:
2990:
2982:
2974:
2966:
2945:
2937:
2929:
2925:Treaty of Leoben
2921:
2913:
2912:(14–15 Jan 1797)
2909:Battle of Rivoli
2905:
2897:
2893:Italian campaign
2876:
2868:
2867:(15–17 Nov 1796)
2864:Battle of Arcole
2860:
2852:
2844:
2836:
2828:
2820:
2812:
2804:
2800:Battle of Amberg
2796:
2783:
2775:
2771:Battle of Lonato
2767:
2763:Italian campaign
2741:
2720:
2712:
2699:
2691:
2683:
2675:
2667:
2658:
2637:
2636:(26–27 Dec 1793)
2624:
2616:
2578:
2570:
2566:Battle of Famars
2534:
2459:
2458:
2441:
2433:
2425:
2406:
2387:
2379:
2360:
2352:
2332:
2324:
2316:
2297:
2289:
2281:
2272:
2264:
2256:
2233:
2225:
2217:
2209:
2199:
2191:
2183:
2163:
2155:
2147:
2128:
2120:
2112:
2104:
2096:
2088:
2080:
2061:
2053:
2045:
2037:
2029:
2028:(20–21 Jun 1791)
2008:
2000:
1992:
1983:
1964:
1956:
1948:
1940:
1932:
1924:
1916:
1908:
1900:
1892:
1884:
1876:
1868:
1847:
1839:
1835:Day of the Tiles
1818:
1817:
1718:
1711:
1704:
1695:
1694:
1688:
1685:
1679:
1678:
1676:
1674:
1669:on 27 April 2013
1665:. Archived from
1658:
1652:
1649:
1643:
1642:
1640:
1638:
1623:
1617:
1610:
1604:
1601:
1595:
1594:
1588:
1578:
1572:
1568:
1566:
1558:
1553:
1551:
1521:
1515:
1512:
1506:
1505:
1499:
1491:
1486:
1484:
1467:
1458:
1446:
1440:
1437:
1431:
1428:
1422:
1421:
1419:
1417:
1403:
1386:
1385:
1383:
1381:
1367:
1356:
1355:
1334:
1323:
1322:
1320:
1318:
1305:
1296:
1295:
1293:
1291:
1278:Bas, François de
1274:
1247:
1246:
1225:
1192:The British and
956:Siege of Dunkirk
932:Prince of Coburg
863:and his brother
827:Battle of Wervik
767:
755:
747:2nd Valenciennes
743:
731:
584:1st Valenciennes
519:
517:
507:
500:
493:
484:
483:
249:
242:
232:
225:
218:
209:
208:
173:
172:
171:
161:
160:
159:
142:
140:
139:
130:
128:
127:
117:
116:
115:
63:
62:
52:
32:
31:
5022:
5021:
5017:
5016:
5015:
5013:
5012:
5011:
4962:
4961:
4953:50.7956; 3.1217
4952:
4950:
4946:
4943:
4938:
4935:
4933:
4931:
4930:
4928:
4919:
4794:La Marseillaise
4783:
4782:Cultural impact
4768:
4678:
4659:
4626:
4582:Madame du Barry
4572:Catherine Théot
4562:Thérésa Tallien
4453:
4444:Gracchus Babeuf
4389:François Chabot
4346:
4338:
4259:Georges Couthon
4254:Marquis de Sade
4219:Jean-Paul Marat
4195:
4151:Bertrand Barère
4117:
4028:
4009:Boissy d'Anglas
4004:Madame de Staël
3969:Antoine Barnave
3937:
3930:
3921:
3868:
3849:
3824:
3819:
3789:
3784:
3759:
3754:
3734:
3729:
3691:
3686:
3670:
3647:
3634:
3626:
3618:
3605:
3592:
3581:JĂłzsef Alvinczi
3565:
3547:
3529:
3470:Nicolas Oudinot
3460:
3393:Claude Lecourbe
3388:Charles Leclerc
3283:Guillaume Brune
3253:Pierre Augereau
3223:
3218:
3203:
3198:
3196:Treaty of Paris
3190:
3176:
3171:
3163:
3155:
3139:
3134:
3126:
3118:
3110:
3094:
3089:
3081:
3073:
3065:
3057:
3049:
3041:
3033:
3025:
3017:
3001:
2996:
2988:
2980:
2972:
2964:
2948:
2943:
2935:
2927:
2919:
2911:
2903:
2895:
2879:
2874:
2866:
2858:
2850:
2842:
2834:
2826:
2818:
2810:
2802:
2794:
2781:
2773:
2765:
2749:
2739:
2723:
2718:
2710:
2697:
2689:
2681:
2673:
2665:
2656:
2640:
2635:
2622:
2614:
2612:Siege of Toulon
2576:
2568:
2551:First Coalition
2537:
2528:
2464:
2449:
2439:
2431:
2423:
2409:
2404:
2390:
2385:
2377:
2363:
2358:
2350:
2330:
2322:
2314:
2300:
2295:
2287:
2279:
2270:
2262:
2254:
2236:
2231:
2223:
2215:
2213:Law of Suspects
2207:
2197:
2189:
2181:
2161:
2159:Reign of Terror
2153:
2145:
2131:
2126:
2118:
2110:
2102:
2094:
2086:
2078:
2064:
2059:
2051:
2043:
2035:
2027:
2013:
1998:
1990:
1981:
1967:
1962:
1954:
1946:
1939:(4–11 Aug 1789)
1938:
1930:
1922:
1914:
1906:
1898:
1890:
1882:
1874:
1872:RĂ©veillon riots
1866:
1850:
1845:
1837:
1823:
1812:
1727:
1722:
1692:
1691:
1686:
1682:
1672:
1670:
1659:
1655:
1650:
1646:
1636:
1634:
1624:
1620:
1611:
1607:
1602:
1598:
1570:
1569:
1560:
1559:
1549:
1547:
1522:
1518:
1513:
1509:
1493:
1492:
1482:
1480:
1468:
1461:
1447:
1443:
1438:
1434:
1429:
1425:
1415:
1413:
1404:
1389:
1379:
1377:
1369:
1368:
1359:
1352:
1335:
1326:
1316:
1314:
1307:
1306:
1299:
1289:
1287:
1275:
1250:
1243:
1226:
1219:
1214:
1164:Batavian Legion
1156:
1111:field ambulance
1095:
1068:
920:
823:
818:
761:
749:
737:
725:
520:
515:
513:
511:
481:
476:
408:
250:
240:
238:
236:
169:
167:
157:
155:
137:
135:
134:
125:
123:
113:
111:
89:
53:
28:
21:First World War
17:
12:
11:
5:
5020:
5010:
5009:
5004:
4999:
4994:
4992:1793 in France
4989:
4984:
4979:
4974:
4925:
4924:
4921:
4920:
4918:
4917:
4912:
4907:
4902:
4897:
4892:
4887:
4882:
4873:
4872:
4871:
4864:Cult of Reason
4861:
4856:
4851:
4846:
4841:
4832:
4827:
4822:
4817:
4808:
4806:Flag of France
4803:
4798:
4788:
4785:
4784:
4774:
4773:
4770:
4769:
4767:
4766:
4761:
4756:
4751:
4746:
4741:
4736:
4731:
4726:
4721:
4716:
4711:
4706:
4701:
4696:
4691:
4683:
4680:
4679:
4669:
4668:
4665:
4664:
4661:
4660:
4658:
4657:
4652:
4651:
4650:
4645:
4634:
4632:
4628:
4627:
4625:
4624:
4619:
4614:
4612:Jacques Necker
4609:
4604:
4599:
4594:
4589:
4584:
4579:
4574:
4569:
4564:
4559:
4554:
4549:
4544:
4539:
4534:
4529:
4524:
4519:
4514:
4509:
4504:
4499:
4494:
4489:
4484:
4479:
4474:
4468:
4466:
4459:
4455:
4454:
4452:
4451:
4446:
4441:
4436:
4434:Claire Lacombe
4431:
4426:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4406:
4401:
4396:
4391:
4386:
4381:
4376:
4371:
4366:
4361:
4359:Jacques HĂ©bert
4355:
4353:
4340:
4339:
4337:
4336:
4331:
4326:
4321:
4316:
4311:
4306:
4301:
4296:
4291:
4286:
4281:
4276:
4271:
4266:
4261:
4256:
4251:
4246:
4241:
4236:
4231:
4226:
4221:
4216:
4214:Georges Danton
4211:
4205:
4203:
4197:
4196:
4194:
4193:
4188:
4183:
4178:
4173:
4168:
4163:
4158:
4153:
4148:
4143:
4138:
4133:
4127:
4125:
4119:
4118:
4116:
4115:
4110:
4105:
4100:
4095:
4090:
4085:
4080:
4075:
4070:
4065:
4060:
4058:Henri Grégoire
4054:
4049:
4044:
4038:
4036:
4030:
4029:
4027:
4026:
4021:
4016:
4011:
4006:
4001:
3999:Camille Jordan
3996:
3991:
3986:
3981:
3976:
3971:
3966:
3961:
3956:
3951:
3946:
3940:
3938:
3926:
3923:
3922:
3920:
3919:
3914:
3909:
3904:
3899:
3894:
3889:
3884:
3878:
3876:
3870:
3869:
3859:
3858:
3855:
3854:
3851:
3850:
3848:
3847:
3842:
3836:
3834:
3821:
3820:
3818:
3817:
3812:
3807:
3801:
3799:
3786:
3785:
3783:
3782:
3777:
3771:
3769:
3756:
3755:
3753:
3752:
3746:
3744:
3731:
3730:
3728:
3727:
3722:
3717:
3712:
3703:
3701:
3688:
3687:
3685:
3684:
3679:
3674:
3666:
3661:
3656:
3651:
3643:
3638:
3630:
3622:
3614:
3609:
3601:
3596:
3588:
3583:
3577:
3575:
3559:
3553:
3552:
3549:
3548:
3546:
3545:
3539:
3537:
3531:
3530:
3528:
3527:
3522:
3517:
3512:
3507:
3502:
3497:
3492:
3487:
3482:
3477:
3472:
3467:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3435:
3430:
3425:
3420:
3415:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3385:
3380:
3375:
3370:
3365:
3360:
3355:
3350:
3345:
3340:
3335:
3330:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3305:
3300:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3244:
3242:
3233:
3220:
3219:
3209:
3208:
3205:
3204:
3202:
3201:
3193:
3184:
3182:
3178:
3177:
3175:
3174:
3166:
3158:
3149:
3147:
3141:
3140:
3138:
3137:
3129:
3121:
3113:
3104:
3102:
3096:
3095:
3093:
3092:
3084:
3079:Battle of Novi
3076:
3068:
3066:(4–7 Jun 1799)
3060:
3052:
3044:
3036:
3028:
3020:
3011:
3009:
3003:
3002:
3000:
2999:
2991:
2983:
2975:
2967:
2958:
2956:
2950:
2949:
2947:
2946:
2938:
2930:
2922:
2914:
2906:
2898:
2889:
2887:
2881:
2880:
2878:
2877:
2869:
2861:
2859:(6–7 Nov 1796)
2853:
2845:
2837:
2829:
2821:
2813:
2805:
2797:
2789:
2784:
2776:
2774:(3–4 Aug 1796)
2768:
2759:
2757:
2751:
2750:
2748:
2747:
2745:Peace of Basel
2742:
2733:
2731:
2725:
2724:
2722:
2721:
2713:
2705:
2700:
2692:
2684:
2676:
2668:
2659:
2650:
2648:
2642:
2641:
2639:
2638:
2630:
2625:
2617:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2587:Siege of Mainz
2584:
2579:
2571:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2547:
2545:
2539:
2538:
2536:
2535:
2523:
2518:
2516:Siege of Mainz
2513:
2508:
2507:
2506:
2503:
2498:
2490:
2485:
2480:
2474:
2472:
2466:
2465:
2455:
2454:
2451:
2450:
2448:
2447:
2442:
2434:
2426:
2417:
2415:
2411:
2410:
2408:
2407:
2398:
2396:
2392:
2391:
2389:
2388:
2380:
2371:
2369:
2365:
2364:
2362:
2361:
2353:
2348:13 Vendémiaire
2345:
2344:
2343:
2338:
2325:
2317:
2308:
2306:
2302:
2301:
2299:
2298:
2290:
2282:
2273:
2265:
2257:
2244:
2242:
2238:
2237:
2235:
2234:
2226:
2218:
2210:
2200:
2195:Levée en masse
2192:
2184:
2176:
2175:
2174:
2169:
2156:
2148:
2139:
2137:
2133:
2132:
2130:
2129:
2121:
2113:
2105:
2100:10th of August
2097:
2089:
2081:
2072:
2070:
2066:
2065:
2063:
2062:
2054:
2046:
2038:
2030:
2021:
2019:
2015:
2014:
2012:
2011:
2001:
1993:
1984:
1982:(Feb–Jul 1790)
1975:
1973:
1969:
1968:
1966:
1965:
1957:
1949:
1941:
1933:
1925:
1917:
1909:
1901:
1893:
1885:
1877:
1869:
1858:
1856:
1852:
1851:
1849:
1848:
1840:
1831:
1829:
1825:
1824:
1814:
1813:
1811:
1810:
1803:
1796:
1789:
1782:
1775:
1768:
1761:
1754:
1747:
1740:
1732:
1729:
1728:
1721:
1720:
1713:
1706:
1698:
1690:
1689:
1680:
1653:
1644:
1618:
1605:
1596:
1525:Barrier Treaty
1516:
1507:
1459:
1441:
1432:
1423:
1387:
1357:
1350:
1324:
1297:
1248:
1241:
1216:
1215:
1213:
1210:
1155:
1152:
1067:
1064:
919:
916:
871:, seconded by
820:
819:
817:
816:
811:
806:
803:
798:
793:
788:
786:2nd Aldenhoven
783:
781:2nd Maastricht
778:
773:
768:
756:
744:
735:2nd Le Quesnoy
732:
723:2nd Landrecies
720:
715:
710:
705:
700:
695:
690:
685:
680:
675:
670:
665:
660:
655:
653:1st Landrecies
650:
647:
642:
639:
638:Cysoing (1793)
636:
631:
626:
621:
616:
614:Avesnes-le-Sec
611:
606:
604:1st Le Quesnoy
601:
596:
591:
586:
581:
576:
571:
566:
561:
559:1st Aldenhoven
556:
551:
549:1st Maastricht
546:
541:
536:
531:
525:
522:
521:
510:
509:
502:
495:
487:
478:
477:
475:
474:
469:
464:
459:
454:
449:
444:
439:
434:
429:
424:
419:
414:
407:
406:
401:
396:
391:
386:
381:
376:
371:
366:
361:
356:
351:
346:
341:
336:
331:
326:
321:
316:
311:
306:
301:
296:
291:
286:
281:
276:
271:
266:
261:
255:
252:
251:
235:
234:
227:
220:
212:
204:
203:
200:
196:
195:
191:
190:
187:
183:
182:
178:
177:
165:
152:
151:
147:
146:
132:Dutch Republic
121:
108:
107:
103:
102:
99:
98:
97:French victory
95:
91:
90:
77:
75:
71:
70:
67:
59:
58:
45:
44:
37:
36:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5019:
5008:
5005:
5003:
5000:
4998:
4995:
4993:
4990:
4988:
4985:
4983:
4980:
4978:
4975:
4973:
4970:
4969:
4967:
4960:
4957:
4916:
4913:
4911:
4908:
4906:
4903:
4901:
4898:
4896:
4893:
4891:
4888:
4886:
4883:
4880:
4879:
4878:Sans-culottes
4874:
4870:
4867:
4866:
4865:
4862:
4860:
4857:
4855:
4852:
4850:
4849:Metric system
4847:
4845:
4842:
4839:
4838:
4833:
4831:
4828:
4826:
4823:
4821:
4818:
4815:
4814:
4809:
4807:
4804:
4802:
4799:
4796:
4795:
4790:
4789:
4786:
4779:
4775:
4765:
4762:
4760:
4757:
4755:
4752:
4750:
4747:
4745:
4742:
4740:
4737:
4735:
4732:
4730:
4727:
4725:
4722:
4720:
4717:
4715:
4712:
4710:
4707:
4705:
4702:
4700:
4697:
4695:
4692:
4690:
4689:
4685:
4684:
4681:
4674:
4670:
4656:
4653:
4649:
4648:Panthéon Club
4646:
4644:
4641:
4640:
4639:
4636:
4635:
4633:
4629:
4623:
4620:
4618:
4615:
4613:
4610:
4608:
4605:
4603:
4600:
4598:
4595:
4593:
4590:
4588:
4585:
4583:
4580:
4578:
4575:
4573:
4570:
4568:
4565:
4563:
4560:
4558:
4555:
4553:
4550:
4548:
4545:
4543:
4540:
4538:
4537:Joachim Murat
4535:
4533:
4530:
4528:
4525:
4523:
4520:
4518:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4508:
4505:
4503:
4500:
4498:
4495:
4493:
4490:
4488:
4485:
4483:
4480:
4478:
4475:
4473:
4470:
4469:
4467:
4463:
4460:
4456:
4450:
4447:
4445:
4442:
4440:
4437:
4435:
4432:
4430:
4427:
4425:
4422:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4382:
4380:
4377:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4367:
4365:
4362:
4360:
4357:
4356:
4354:
4352:
4351:
4345:
4341:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4327:
4325:
4322:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4314:Gilbert Romme
4312:
4310:
4307:
4305:
4302:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4282:
4280:
4277:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4252:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4210:
4207:
4206:
4204:
4202:
4198:
4192:
4189:
4187:
4184:
4182:
4179:
4177:
4174:
4172:
4169:
4167:
4164:
4162:
4159:
4157:
4154:
4152:
4149:
4147:
4144:
4142:
4139:
4137:
4136:de Cambacérès
4134:
4132:
4129:
4128:
4126:
4124:
4120:
4114:
4111:
4109:
4106:
4104:
4101:
4099:
4096:
4094:
4091:
4089:
4086:
4084:
4081:
4079:
4076:
4074:
4071:
4069:
4066:
4064:
4061:
4059:
4055:
4053:
4052:Madame Roland
4050:
4048:
4045:
4043:
4040:
4039:
4037:
4035:
4031:
4025:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3989:André Chénier
3987:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3977:
3975:
3972:
3970:
3967:
3965:
3962:
3960:
3957:
3955:
3952:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3944:Grace Elliott
3942:
3941:
3939:
3936:
3935:
3929:
3924:
3918:
3915:
3913:
3910:
3908:
3905:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3895:
3893:
3890:
3888:
3885:
3883:
3880:
3879:
3877:
3875:
3871:
3864:
3860:
3846:
3843:
3841:
3838:
3837:
3835:
3833:
3828:
3822:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3802:
3800:
3798:
3793:
3787:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3773:
3772:
3770:
3768:
3763:
3757:
3751:
3748:
3747:
3745:
3743:
3738:
3732:
3726:
3723:
3721:
3718:
3716:
3713:
3711:
3708:
3705:
3704:
3702:
3700:
3695:
3689:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3667:
3665:
3662:
3660:
3657:
3655:
3652:
3650:
3644:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3631:
3629:
3623:
3621:
3615:
3613:
3610:
3608:
3602:
3600:
3597:
3595:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3578:
3576:
3574:
3569:
3563:
3560:
3558:
3554:
3544:
3541:
3540:
3538:
3536:
3532:
3526:
3523:
3521:
3518:
3516:
3513:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3505:Joseph Souham
3503:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3493:
3491:
3488:
3486:
3483:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3473:
3471:
3468:
3464:
3459:
3456:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3448:Joachim Murat
3446:
3444:
3441:
3439:
3436:
3434:
3431:
3429:
3428:André Masséna
3426:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3416:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3381:
3379:
3376:
3374:
3371:
3369:
3366:
3364:
3361:
3359:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3341:
3339:
3336:
3334:
3331:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3245:
3243:
3241:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3227:
3221:
3214:
3210:
3199:(25 Jun 1802)
3197:
3194:
3191:(25 Mar 1802)
3189:
3186:
3185:
3183:
3179:
3170:
3167:
3164:(18 Mar 1801)
3162:
3159:
3154:
3151:
3150:
3148:
3146:
3142:
3133:
3130:
3125:
3122:
3119:(15 Jun 1800)
3117:
3114:
3111:(14 Jun 1800)
3109:
3106:
3105:
3103:
3101:
3097:
3088:
3085:
3082:(15 Aug 1799)
3080:
3077:
3072:
3069:
3064:
3061:
3056:
3053:
3048:
3045:
3042:(25 Mar 1799)
3040:
3037:
3032:
3029:
3024:
3023:Siege of Acre
3021:
3016:
3013:
3012:
3010:
3008:
3004:
2995:
2994:Peasants' War
2992:
2987:
2984:
2979:
2976:
2971:
2968:
2963:
2960:
2959:
2957:
2955:
2951:
2944:(17 Oct 1797)
2942:
2939:
2936:(18 Apr 1797)
2934:
2931:
2928:(17 Apr 1797)
2926:
2923:
2920:(25 Jan 1797)
2918:
2915:
2910:
2907:
2904:(13 Jan 1797)
2902:
2899:
2894:
2891:
2890:
2888:
2886:
2882:
2873:
2870:
2865:
2862:
2857:
2854:
2849:
2846:
2843:(26 Oct 1796)
2841:
2838:
2835:(19 Oct 1796)
2833:
2830:
2825:
2822:
2817:
2814:
2809:
2806:
2803:(24 Aug 1796)
2801:
2798:
2795:(11 Aug 1796)
2793:
2790:
2788:
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2780:
2777:
2772:
2769:
2764:
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2701:
2698:(26 Jun 1794)
2696:
2693:
2688:
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2682:(22 May 1794)
2680:
2677:
2674:(18 May 1794)
2672:
2669:
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2660:
2657:(24 Apr 1794)
2655:
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2626:
2623:(13 Oct 1793)
2621:
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2605:
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2600:
2598:
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2569:(23 May 1793)
2567:
2564:
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2440:(24 Dec 1799)
2438:
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2427:
2424:(18 Jun 1799)
2422:
2419:
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2405:(11 May 1798)
2403:
2400:
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2323:(22 Aug 1795)
2321:
2318:
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2296:(11 Nov 1794)
2294:
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2280:(28 Jul 1794)
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2271:(27 Jul 1794)
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2263:(10 Jun 1794)
2261:
2258:
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2224:(16 Oct 1793)
2222:
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2216:(17 Sep 1793)
2214:
2211:
2206:
2205:
2201:
2198:(23 Aug 1793)
2196:
2193:
2190:(13 Jul 1793)
2188:
2185:
2180:
2177:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2164:
2160:
2157:
2152:
2149:
2146:(21 Jan 1793)
2144:
2141:
2140:
2138:
2134:
2127:(22 Sep 1792)
2125:
2122:
2117:
2114:
2109:
2106:
2103:(10 Aug 1792)
2101:
2098:
2093:
2090:
2087:(25 Jul 1792)
2085:
2082:
2079:(20 Apr 1792)
2077:
2074:
2073:
2071:
2067:
2058:
2055:
2050:
2047:
2044:(27 Aug 1791)
2042:
2039:
2036:(17 Jul 1791)
2034:
2031:
2026:
2023:
2022:
2020:
2016:
2009:(14 Jul 1790)
2007:
2006:
2002:
1999:(12 Jul 1790)
1997:
1994:
1991:(23 Jun 1790)
1989:
1985:
1980:
1977:
1976:
1974:
1970:
1961:
1958:
1953:
1950:
1947:(26 Aug 1789)
1945:
1942:
1937:
1934:
1929:
1926:
1923:(14 Jul 1789)
1921:
1918:
1913:
1910:
1907:(20 Jun 1789)
1905:
1902:
1897:
1894:
1891:(4 June 1789)
1889:
1886:
1881:
1878:
1875:(28 Apr 1789)
1873:
1870:
1865:
1864:
1860:
1859:
1857:
1853:
1846:(21 Jul 1788)
1844:
1841:
1836:
1833:
1832:
1830:
1826:
1819:
1815:
1809:
1808:
1804:
1802:
1801:
1797:
1795:
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1790:
1788:
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1783:
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1780:
1776:
1774:
1773:
1769:
1767:
1766:
1762:
1760:
1759:
1755:
1753:
1752:
1751:Ancien RĂ©gime
1748:
1746:
1745:
1741:
1739:
1738:
1734:
1733:
1730:
1726:
1719:
1714:
1712:
1707:
1705:
1700:
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1696:
1684:
1668:
1664:
1657:
1648:
1632:
1631:
1622:
1614:
1609:
1600:
1592:
1587:
1586:
1576:
1564:
1557:
1546:
1542:
1541:
1535:in 1785. Cf.
1534:
1530:
1526:
1520:
1511:
1503:
1497:
1490:
1478:
1477:
1472:
1466:
1464:
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1427:
1411:
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1400:
1398:
1396:
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1375:
1374:
1366:
1364:
1362:
1353:
1351:1-85367-276-9
1347:
1343:
1339:
1333:
1331:
1329:
1312:
1311:
1304:
1302:
1285:
1284:
1279:
1273:
1271:
1269:
1267:
1265:
1263:
1261:
1259:
1257:
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1253:
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1234:
1230:
1224:
1222:
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1209:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1195:
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1186:
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1136:
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1129:
1127:
1123:
1119:
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1112:
1108:
1103:
1100:When general
1093:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1078:
1073:
1063:
1061:
1060:Pierre Dupont
1057:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1040:
1038:
1033:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1003:
999:
994:
992:
987:
985:
981:
977:
973:
972:Lazare Carnot
967:
965:
961:
957:
953:
949:
948:Menen (Menin)
945:
941:
937:
933:
929:
925:
915:
913:
909:
905:
901:
897:
893:
888:
886:
882:
878:
874:
870:
866:
862:
858:
854:
850:
847:commanded by
846:
845:
840:
839:
834:
833:
828:
815:
812:
810:
807:
804:
802:
799:
797:
794:
792:
789:
787:
784:
782:
779:
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772:
769:
765:
760:
757:
753:
748:
745:
741:
736:
733:
729:
724:
721:
719:
716:
714:
711:
709:
706:
704:
701:
699:
696:
694:
691:
689:
686:
684:
681:
679:
676:
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671:
669:
666:
664:
661:
659:
656:
654:
651:
648:
646:
643:
640:
637:
635:
632:
630:
627:
625:
622:
620:
617:
615:
612:
610:
607:
605:
602:
600:
597:
595:
592:
590:
589:Caesar's Camp
587:
585:
582:
580:
577:
575:
572:
570:
567:
565:
562:
560:
557:
555:
552:
550:
547:
545:
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540:
537:
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532:
530:
527:
526:
523:
518:
508:
503:
501:
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489:
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485:
473:
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468:
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453:
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418:
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400:
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382:
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247:
243:
233:
228:
226:
221:
219:
214:
213:
210:
201:
198:
197:
192:
188:
186:27,000-30,000
185:
184:
179:
176:
166:
164:
163:Jean Houchard
154:
153:
148:
145:
133:
122:
120:
110:
109:
104:
96:
93:
92:
88:
84:
80:
76:
73:
72:
68:
65:
64:
60:
56:
51:
46:
43:
38:
33:
30:
26:
22:
4929:
4885:Phrygian cap
4830:Bastille Day
4744:Thomas Paine
4699:Edmund Burke
4694:Beaumarchais
4688:Les Lumières
4686:
4527:Joseph Fesch
4439:Pauline LĂ©on
4409:Jacques Roux
4348:
3932:
3358:Lazare Hoche
3343:Paul Grenier
3313:Louis Desaix
3172:(8 Jul 1801)
3156:(9 Feb 1801)
3127:(3 Dec 1800)
3050:(5 Apr 1799)
2851:(6 Nov 1796)
2827:(8 Sep 1796)
2819:(4 Sep 1796)
2811:(3 Sep 1796)
2782:(5 Aug 1796)
2711:(2 Oct 1794)
2690:(1 Jun 1794)
2432:(9 Nov 1799)
2378:(4 Sep 1797)
2315:(1 Apr 1795)
2285:White Terror
2278:guillotined
2255:(5 Apr 1794)
2202:
2182:(2 Jun 1793)
2052:(3 Sep 1791)
2003:
1963:(2 Nov 1789)
1955:(5 Oct 1789)
1883:(5 May 1789)
1861:
1838:(7 Jun 1788)
1805:
1798:
1791:
1784:
1777:
1770:
1763:
1756:
1749:
1742:
1735:
1683:
1671:. Retrieved
1667:the original
1656:
1647:
1635:. Retrieved
1629:
1621:
1613:Baron Jomini
1608:
1599:
1584:
1555:
1548:. Retrieved
1539:
1519:
1510:
1488:
1481:. Retrieved
1475:
1449:
1444:
1435:
1426:
1414:. Retrieved
1408:
1378:. Retrieved
1371:
1341:
1338:Smith, Digby
1315:. Retrieved
1309:
1288:. Retrieved
1282:
1232:
1191:
1187:
1176:
1159:
1157:
1137:
1130:
1115:
1099:
1081:
1069:
1041:
1034:
995:
988:
968:
928:Duke of York
921:
889:
852:
842:
836:
830:
826:
824:
805:Geldermalsen
678:2nd Courtrai
624:1st Courtrai
618:
364:Newfoundland
329:Altenkirchen
106:Belligerents
40:Part of the
29:
4951: /
4754:Abbé Sieyès
4739:Montesquieu
4655:Social Club
4597:Jean Chouan
4487:Louis XVIII
4264:Roger Ducos
4234:Paul Barras
4201:Montagnards
4131:Abbé Sieyès
3934:monarchiens
3742:Netherlands
3671:(Hungarian)
3619:(Hungarian)
3535:French Navy
3461: [
3383:Jean Lannes
3240:French Army
3018:(1798–1802)
2989:(1798–1800)
2973:(1798–1801)
2703:Chouannerie
2664:(Pyrenees)
2529: [
2496:Chouannerie
2288:(Fall 1794)
2276:Robespierre
1571:|work=
1206:Marchiennes
1194:Hanoverians
1148:Digby Smith
762: [
750: [
738: [
726: [
698:Erquelinnes
609:Hondschoote
534:1st Limburg
417:Chouannerie
4966:Categories
4936:50°47′44″N
4643:Cordeliers
4557:Talleyrand
4482:Louis XVII
4344:HĂ©bertists
4098:Jean Debry
3928:Feuillants
3557:Opposition
3453:Michel Ney
2875:(Dec 1796)
2483:Thionville
2386:(Dec 1797)
2359:(May 1796)
2351:5 Oct 1795
2328:Directoire
2208:(painting)
2111:(Sep 1792)
2095:(Jun 1792)
1928:Great Fear
1867:(Jan 1789)
1758:Revolution
1533:Leopold II
1072:Bousbecque
1066:The battle
980:Le Quesnoy
936:Le Quesnoy
934:investing
926:under the
918:Background
904:Leie (Lys)
814:Den Helder
801:Luxembourg
634:Wattignies
564:Neerwinden
539:Anderlecht
319:Den Helder
314:Guadeloupe
309:Martinique
279:Thionville
259:Porrentruy
4939:3°07′18″E
4477:Louis XVI
4472:Charles X
4123:The Plain
4034:Girondins
3974:Lafayette
3635:(Walloon)
3617:Pál Kray
3593:(Walloon)
3135:(1800–02)
2986:Quasi-War
2445:Consulate
2331:(1795–99)
1786:Consulate
1779:Directory
1625:See e.g.
1573:ignored (
1563:cite book
1496:cite book
1154:Aftermath
1122:Roeselare
1107:grapeshot
1044:chasseurs
1030:Poperinge
1014:Tourcoing
853:Veldleger
809:Amsterdam
759:2nd Condé
713:Lambusart
703:Gosselies
688:Tourcoing
683:Grandreng
645:Le Cateau
594:Lincelles
569:1st Condé
404:Diersheim
394:Fishguard
354:Neresheim
264:Quiévrain
199:600-1,500
4837:Panthéon
4825:Muscadin
4820:Marianne
4759:Voltaire
4638:Jacobins
4631:Factions
4171:Mirabeau
3627:(French)
2521:Jemappes
2505:Dauphiné
1988:Nobility
1800:Journals
1793:Glossary
1772:Republic
1744:Timeline
1673:28 April
1637:30 April
1550:28 April
1473:(1819).
1416:27 April
1340:(1998).
1290:31 March
1280:(1887).
1231:(2011).
1172:Daendels
1168:Patriots
1126:Kortrijk
1077:Wevelgem
1026:Bailleul
885:Brussels
869:Pál Kray
796:Nijmegen
791:Puiflijk
776:Sprimont
668:Mouscron
663:Beaumont
629:Maubeuge
529:Jemappes
384:Biberach
379:2nd Kehl
369:WĂĽrzburg
344:1st Kehl
339:Kircheib
324:Siegburg
304:Sardinia
299:Jemappes
269:Marquain
181:Strength
87:Flanders
74:Location
4719:Diderot
4465:Figures
4350:Enragés
4056:Father
3767:Prussia
3699:Britain
3648:(Saxon)
3606:(Swiss)
3573:Austria
1483:9 April
1455:Chasles
1380:9 April
1317:9 April
1202:Cysoing
1090:Map by
1046:led by
1010:Halluin
1002:Comines
991:Halluin
984:Tournai
924:Dunkirk
879:of the
718:Fleurus
693:Tournay
673:Willems
599:Dunkirk
574:Raismes
399:Neuwied
389:Ireland
374:Limburg
334:Wetzlar
144:Austria
4458:Others
3797:Russia
3231:France
2896:(1797)
2766:(1796)
2501:Vendée
2478:Verdun
2305:1795–6
2248:Danton
1807:Museum
1737:Causes
1348:
1239:
1183:Souham
1037:De Bas
1018:Lannoy
960:Veurne
944:Wervik
908:Deinze
832:Wervik
829:or of
771:Boxtel
579:Famars
359:Amberg
349:Malsch
274:Verdun
189:13,000
141:
129:
119:France
94:Result
79:Wervik
23:, see
4915:Films
3832:Spain
3465:]
2533:]
2526:Namur
2511:Lille
2488:Valmy
1133:Ghent
1052:Lille
1006:Roncq
964:Ypres
900:Lille
838:Menin
766:]
754:]
742:]
730:]
708:Ypres
619:Menin
554:Breda
544:Namur
294:Mainz
289:Lille
284:Valmy
83:Menen
4347:and
3931:and
3181:1802
3145:1801
3100:1800
3007:1799
2954:1798
2885:1797
2755:1796
2729:1795
2646:1794
2543:1793
2470:1792
2414:1799
2395:1798
2368:1797
2250:and
2241:1794
2136:1793
2069:1792
2018:1791
1972:1790
1855:1789
1828:1788
1675:2013
1639:2013
1575:help
1552:2013
1502:link
1485:2013
1418:2013
1382:2013
1373:1801
1346:ISBN
1319:2013
1292:2013
1237:ISBN
1204:and
1102:Kray
1016:and
1008:and
946:and
940:Leie
835:and
825:The
246:List
81:and
66:Date
3707:Sir
1545:134
1024:to
4968::
3463:fr
2531:fr
1567::
1565:}}
1561:{{
1554:.
1498:}}
1494:{{
1487:.
1462:^
1390:^
1360:^
1327:^
1300:^
1251:^
1220:^
1174:.
1062:.
966:.
887:.
764:fr
752:fr
740:fr
728:fr
85:,
1717:e
1710:t
1703:v
1677:.
1641:.
1593:.
1591:6
1577:)
1504:)
1420:.
1384:.
1354:.
1321:.
1294:.
1245:.
1162:(
506:e
499:t
492:v
248:)
244:(
231:e
224:t
217:v
27:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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