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ladders. They failed to enter the city until
Mansaba Waali, convinced that the sheer number of enemies was insurmountable, ordered the gates open. At this point, Mandinka women began committing suicide by jumping down wells to avoid slavery. Mansaba Waali ordered his sons to set fire to Kansala’s seven gunpowder stores once the city was full of the enemy. Six were successfully ignited, killing all the Mandinka defenders and devastating the invading army. Only around 4000 Fulas survived.
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into retreat for forty days and nights. So great was the Kaabu
Emperor's magical protection that only one of them was finally able to penetrate the shield, but it was enough. When this marabout emerged with the announcement that he had the Kaabu Emperor in his grasp, it was the signal for the waiting
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aristocracy. Over the course of the conflict with the
Imamate, however, these immigrants were seen as a potential 'fifth column', and were oppressed and extorted, creating civil conflict in the empire. The decline of the slave trade, a pillar of the economy for centuries, also pushed Mandinka elites
258:
named Foday Barika
Drammeh told Mansaba Waali the same. The Nyancho were infuriated by the mere presence of the Fula and believed that to not attack was cowardly. It is reported that on May 13, a Mandinka finally fired a shot that caused the battle to commence. The story is likely apocryphal and
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whom marched out of
Kansala with only his walking stick to drive the “haughty” Fula away. He was trampled to death by a Fula horseman. The Mandinka accounts are of the opinion that Fula took many casualties with hundreds of their infantry being decapitated as they tried to scale the wall with
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Alfa Molo’s forces surrounded
Kansala’s fortress for either one or three months, depending on the source. Though both sides were armed with muskets, neither would fire a shot. According to legend, Abdu Khudus, a prominent
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WESTERN AFRICA TO c1860 A.D. A PROVISIONAL HISTORICAL SCHEMA BASED ON CLIMATE PERIODS by George E. Brooks, Indiana
University African Studies Program, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, August,
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For eleven days, the Fula, who could not bring their cavalry to bear against the fortress walls, were kept at bay. The only cavalry casualty of the battle may have been a
Mandinka named Faramba (General) Tamba of
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According to historian
Djibril Tamsir Niane, Gabou had 25,000 soldiers, half of whom were present directly in the capital of Gabou where the Battle of Kansala took place. They were mustered by
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in the lands around the upper Gambia and
Casamance rivers. From the campaign itself, Futa Jallon's army captured 15 000 slaves.
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Some non-Muslim Fula, pushed out of the Futa Djallon by the Torodbe, settled in Kaabu and often herded the cattle of the ruling
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against non-Muslim states in the region, particularly Kaabu. This holy war would culminate in the Battle of Kansala.
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and dominated southern Senegambia up until the 19th century. The area was ethnically diverse, though the Mandinka
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The fall of Kansala marked the end of the Kaabu Empire. In the aftermath Alpha Molo established the kingdom of
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The power of Kaabu began to wane during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. In 1776, militant Islamic
640:
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Belonging beyond boundaries : constructing a transnational community in a West African borderland
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to squeeze the peasants for taxes to replace their lost trade revenues, creating further unrest.
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Sovereignty along a west african frontier: The creation of the guinea- senegal border, 1850–1920
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Ominous Transition: commerce and Colonial Expansion in the Senegambia and guinea, 1857-1919
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Dianke Waali to meet the Fulani invasion. The Futa Jallon mobilized 12,000 horsemen.
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Oral histories record that before attacking Kansala the Fula leaders put several
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from Kaabu itself. The battle, which saw the town completely destroyed, ended
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The story of the battle of Kansala remains one of the most well-known for
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meant to highlight the hubris and arrogance of the Nyancho aristocrats.
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Navigating Terrains of War: Youth and Soldiering in Guinea-Bissau
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Lineages of State Fragility: rural Civil society in Guinea-Bissau
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A History of Wuli from the Thirteenth to the Nineteenth Century
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597:. Banjul, Gambia: Sunrise Publishers. pp. 65 pages.
537:. Athens, OH: Ohio University Press. pp. 312 pages.
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Lobban, Richard Andrew Jr.; Mendy, Peter Karibe (2013).
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Historical Dictionary of the Republic of Guinea-Bissau
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in Senegambia today, particularly among the Mandinka.
616:. New York City: Berghahn Books. pp. 258 pages.
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was founded in the 13th century as a province of the
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165:hegemony over Africa’s Atlantic coast begun by the
405:(History PhD). University of Indiana. p. 288.
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595:Ethnic Groups of the Senegambia: A Brief History
513:(History PhD). University of California, Davis.
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575:(4th ed.). Lanham: Scarecrow Press.
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188:lineages dominated the political system.
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492:. London: Avebury. pp. 198 pages.
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149:) was the siege of the capital of the
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99:Almamy Oumarou Jalloh Jamboria
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31:May 13, 1867 to May 24, 1867
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401:Galloway, Winifred (1975).
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223:Futa Jallon army to march.
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157:, allied with rebellious
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533:Forrest, Joshua (2003).
507:Carpenter, N.R. (2012).
312:History of Guinea-Bissau
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552:Glovsky, David (2020).
448:Lobban & Mendy 2013
55:Victory of Futa Jallon
591:Sonko-Godwin, Patience
307:Imamate of Futa Jallon
195:clerics established a
155:Imamate of Futa Jallon
88:Commanders and leaders
82:Imamate of Futa Jallon
612:Vigh, Henrik (2006).
488:Bowman, Joye (1997).
119:Casualties and losses
57:Destruction of Kaabu
153:federation by the
641:Conflicts in 1867
582:978-0-8108-5310-2
421:Sonko-Godwin 1988
135:Battle of Kansala
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197:theocratic state
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101:Alpha Molo Balde
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338:Forrest 2003
302:Kaabu Empire
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77:Kaabu Empire
71:Belligerents
433:Bowman 1997
182:Mali Empire
167:Mali Empire
159:Fula people
124:10,000 dead
635:Categories
519:1234670452
318:References
173:Background
127:1,000 dead
95:Janke Wali
350:Vigh 2006
277:Aftermath
220:marabouts
593:(1988).
515:ProQuest
296:See also
256:marabout
247:marabout
163:Mandinka
143:Mandinka
106:Strength
93:Mansaba
36:Location
562:28 July
524:30 July
482:Sources
270:Kapentu
233:mansaba
212:Nyancho
199:in the
193:Torodbe
186:Nyancho
41:Kansala
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601:
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290:griots
283:Fuladu
263:Battle
227:Forces
111:12,000
61:Fuladu
52:Result
558:(PhD)
377:1985.
252:Timbo
250:from
239:Siege
205:jihad
178:Kaabu
151:Kaabu
618:ISBN
599:ISBN
577:ISBN
564:2023
539:ISBN
526:2023
494:ISBN
145:for
133:The
114:5500
28:Date
137:or
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