143:
126:
557:, speaker of the House of Delegates of the Restored Government of Virginia, who had taken command of the embattled troops in Snicker's Gap, received what became a mortal abdominal wound. Still, Thoburn's judicious use of terrain and lack of coordination on the Confederate side allowed Thoburn to stave off a full routing of his troops and thus minimize his casualties. The following day both armies remained in the same positions as the night before and engaged in little fighting. Gen. Hunter, however, took the initiative and sent a force out from
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towards the ridge. Throughout the remainder of the evening, Rodes sent small brigade-level attacks at the
Federal position on the riverbank, but was unsuccessful in driving them across the river, because Thoburn was able to reinforce his right due to the lack of pressure on his left by Gordon and Wharton. After sunset, Thoburn retired the rest of his force across the river.
543:
arrived on the eastern bank of the river. Originally intended to reinforce
Thoburn, Gen. Wright demurred with Thoburn's line in full retreat. As Rodes's men pressed the attack they came to the stone wall, whereupon the Federal reserve line opened up on the unsuspecting Confederates, driving them back
530:
to the ford; they deployed along Gordon's left flank, with
Wharton forming the center. Wharton's sharpshooters quickly drove back Thoburn's skirmishers who occupied a valley between the ridge on which the Confederates were lined and the high ground along the riverbank where the first of two federal
483:
The following day, Union
Generals Crook and Wright arrived at Snicker's Gap and determined to attack what they mistakenly thought was a light picket line of Confederates along the river, left to cover Early's retreat up the Valley. Instead of allowing his cavalry to cross the river and reconnoiter
488:
to attack Early's supply train, which was traveling to the south of Early's main army. Wright then developed a plan where a small
Federal force would cross the river northward, downstream from the main crossing at Castleman's Ferry and flank the Confederate position. Gen. Crook assigned Col.
552:
The battle was a
Confederate victory. Wright had sent a small force against a well reinforced Confederate position without the aid of cavalry because he mistakenly assumed it was only the pickets of Early's rearguard. Thoburn's force paid dearly for the mistake. West Virginia militia Col.
597:. Since 2013, the university has helped protect the preserved land. One hundred ninety-five acres of the battlefield are known as the Shenandoah River Campus at Cool Spring Battlefield - an outdoor classroom for the university and the general public.
538:
fire from Gordon and
Wharton. The line collapsed and untrained, unmounted cavalrymen from Col. Samuel B.M. Young's Provisional Brigade began the retreat over the stone wall and across the Shenandoah. About the time of the Federal retreat, Brig. Gen.
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One man became so nervous that he jumped from behind my grandfather, whose body was protecting him, in front of my grandfather and was instantly shot dead. That was in my mind when I used to say sometimes to nervous friends during the
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513:
At 3 p.m., Thoburn crossed the
Shenandoah below Castleman's Ferry, at Judge Richard Parker's Ford, quickly driving off a small force of Confederate pickets. The pickets quickly alerted their commanders, Maj. Gens.
251:
522:, of the Federal advance. Gordon responded by moving a division to the vicinity of the ford, using a small ridge that lay between him and the Federals to screen his movements. Breckinridge ordered Brig. Gen.
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lines was formed in front of a stone fence. A reserve line was located on the low sunken bank of the river behind the stone fence, well protected and concealed from the
Confederates.
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534:
Around 6 p.m., Rodes attacked the main
Federal position on the high ground along its right flank. The Federal line turned to meet the attack and exposed its left flank to
969:
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589:) and its federal, state and local partners have helped save 1,226 acres (4.96 km) of the battlefield, preserved by easement agreements with
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to pressure Early's position from the north, causing the Confederates to withdraw from Berryville the following day and setting in motion the
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passed westward through Snicker's Gap and unsuccessfully attempted to force passage of the river at Castleman's Ferry (Snicker's Ford).
1121:
694:
74:
632:, son of a Scottish immigrant. As a teenager, Whittaker had run away from home to join the Union Army. Due to his age, only a "
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would accept him. During the engagement at Snicker's Gap, Whittaker's regiment had to cross the enemy line under fire:
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472:. To cover his rear, Early left substantial rearguard forces at main river crossings of the
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relates an anecdote about his maternal grandfather, Charles Whittaker (1840–1899) of
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408:
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1040:
854:
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772:
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442:
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the Confederate positions to confirm this assumption, he dispatched them to
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465:
438:
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460:) and Woodgrove on July 16, Early's main force crossed west over the
369:
68:
715:
477:
605:
505:
Map of Cool Spring Battlefield core and study areas by the
757:"Cool Spring battlefield" webpage. Accessed May 29, 2018.
1168:
Battles of the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War
430:. On July 15, Wright's force was joined by elements of
900:
Frederick County, Virginia, in the American Civil War
1097:
Cedar Creek and Belle Grove National Historical Park
771:
422:northwestward as it withdrew from the environs of
813:The Official Virginia Civil War Battlefield Guide
452:After two brief engagements in Loudoun County at
1149:
1173:Confederate victories of the American Civil War
800:. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2007.
1178:Battles of the American Civil War in Virginia
884:
695:"Daniel Frost Helped Chart W.Va.'s Statehood"
259:
221:
815:. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books, 2001.
743:"Saved Land" webpage. Accessed May 25, 2018.
437:'s command, which had accompanied Maj. Gen.
798:Shenandoah Summer: The 1864 Valley Campaign
568:
279:and operations against the B&O Railroad
891:
877:
616:' grandfather escaped a Confederate bullet
266:
252:
827:National Park Service battle description
766:
604:
500:
1122:Stonewall Jackson's Headquarters Museum
665:
663:
507:American Battlefield Protection Program
1150:
954:Battle of Cedar Creek (or Belle Grove)
760:
716:"National Register Information System"
872:
247:
721:National Register of Historic Places
660:
579:National Register of Historic Places
778:. New York: Random House. pp.
708:
649:Case, "Let's not jump out of line."
13:
1112:Shenandoah Valley Civil War Museum
975:John Brown's Raid on Harpers Ferry
468:and established themselves around
364:fought July 17–18, 1864, in
234:Location of the battle in Virginia
14:
1204:
1127:Third Winchester Battlefield Park
220:
213:
141:
124:
16:Battle of the American Civil War
1107:Museum of the Shenandoah Valley
1117:Stonewall Confederate Cemetery
746:
732:
687:
1:
790:
600:
383:
1137:Winchester National Cemetery
547:
7:
934:Battle of Rutherford's Farm
924:Second Battle of Winchester
441:during his retreat through
10:
1209:
1132:Winchester Medical College
949:Third Battle of Winchester
939:Second Battle of Kernstown
919:First Battle of Winchester
755:American Battlefield Trust
741:American Battlefield Trust
587:American Battlefield Trust
396:column, consisting of the
44:July 17–18, 1864
1084:
1013:
997:
962:
929:Battle of Snicker's Ferry
914:First Battle of Kernstown
906:
496:
287:
208:
191:
178:
153:
117:
36:
28:
23:
1163:Valley campaigns of 1864
1046:Frederick W. M. Holliday
970:Great Train Raid of 1861
653:
569:Battlefield preservation
563:Valley Campaigns of 1864
476:. On July 17, the Union
428:Loudoun County, Virginia
374:Valley Campaigns of 1864
1183:Clarke County, Virginia
1066:Cornelia Peake McDonald
575:Cool Spring Battlefield
1092:Belle Grove Plantation
1005:33rd Virginia Infantry
981:Virginia v. John Brown
651:
617:
510:
390:Battle of Fort Stevens
360:, was a battle in the
154:Commanders and leaders
963:Raids and expeditions
726:National Park Service
671:"CWSAC Report Update"
642:
608:
595:Shenandoah University
504:
342:Battle of Cool Spring
192:Casualties and losses
24:Battle of Cool Spring
944:Battle of Berryville
630:Milwaukee, Wisconsin
520:John C. Breckinridge
462:Blue Ridge Mountains
400:and elements of the
231:class=notpageimage|
173:John C. Breckinridge
851: /
832:CWSAC Report Update
768:Chambers, Whittaker
620:In his 1952 memoir
585:(a division of the
454:Heaton's Crossroads
447:Battle of Lynchburg
376:. The battle was a
302:Heaton's Crossroads
109:Confederate victory
86: /
1085:Places and tourism
855:39.1457°N 77.865°W
796:Patchan, Scott C.
626:Whittaker Chambers
618:
614:Whittaker Chambers
524:Gabriel C. Wharton
511:
420:Army of the Valley
362:American Civil War
31:American Civil War
1188:Conflicts in 1864
1145:
1144:
1056:Mary Greenhow Lee
1051:Stonewall Jackson
989:Romney Expedition
806:978-0-8032-3754-4
577:was added to the
541:James B. Ricketts
372:, as part of the
346:Castleman's Ferry
335:
334:
312:Rutherford's Farm
242:
241:
160:Horatio G. Wright
148:CSA (Confederacy)
113:
112:
1200:
1193:July 1864 events
1158:1864 in Virginia
1036:John A. Copeland
893:
886:
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870:
869:
866:
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863:
862:
861:
860:39.1457; -77.865
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811:Salmon, John S.
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634:convict regiment
591:Holy Cross Abbey
474:Shenandoah River
424:Washington, D.C.
344:, also known as
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1026:Nathaniel Banks
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728:. July 9, 2010.
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636:" stationed in
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583:Civil War Trust
571:
555:Daniel E. Frost
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528:Robert E. Rodes
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358:Snicker's Ferry
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90:39.15°N 77.86°W
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1076:Richard Parker
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1071:Hunter McGuire
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1061:James M. Mason
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638:Harper's Ferry
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526:and Maj. Gen.
516:John B. Gordon
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493:to this task.
491:Joseph Thoburn
445:following the
409:Horatio Wright
392:on July 11, a
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169:Jubal A. Early
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164:Joseph Thoburn
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821:0-8117-2868-4
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610:Snicker's Gap
607:
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581:in 1997. The
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559:Harpers Ferry
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456:(present day
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443:West Virginia
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381:
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371:
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366:Clarke County
363:
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355:
354:Parker's Ford
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131:United States
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95:39.15; -77.86
70:
66:
65:Clarke County
62:
59:
58:
43:
40:
39:
35:
32:
27:
22:
1102:Fort Collier
1031:Watson Brown
1021:Turner Ashby
979:
928:
836:
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797:
773:
770:(May 1952).
762:
748:
734:
719:
710:
698:. Retrieved
689:
677:. Retrieved
643:
621:
619:
572:
551:
533:
512:
482:
466:Snickers Gap
458:Purcellville
451:
449:on June 18.
439:David Hunter
435:George Crook
387:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
339:
322:Folck's Mill
317:Kernstown II
306:
297:Fort Stevens
275:Early's Raid
202:
197:
118:Belligerents
29:Part of the
858: /
486:Ashby's Gap
416:Jubal Early
378:Confederate
350:Island Ford
307:Cool Spring
93: /
1152:Categories
846:77°51′54″W
843:39°08′45″N
791:References
601:Literature
536:enfilading
470:Berryville
432:Brig. Gen.
426:, through
411:, pursued
388:After the
384:Background
327:Moorefield
52:1864-07-18
48:1864-07-17
548:Aftermath
406:Maj. Gen.
402:XIX Corps
380:victory.
612:, where
413:Lt. Gen.
398:VI Corps
370:Virginia
292:Monocacy
179:Strength
69:Virginia
60:Location
50: –
907:Battles
774:Witness
700:Aug 19,
679:Aug 19,
622:Witness
478:cavalry
81:77°52′W
78:39°09′N
46: (
1014:People
819:
804:
497:Battle
404:under
356:, and
187:8,000
184:5,000
106:Result
998:Units
782:-101.
674:(PDF)
654:Notes
394:Union
135:Union
817:ISBN
802:ISBN
702:2019
681:2019
647:Hiss
593:and
573:The
518:and
340:The
41:Date
780:100
464:at
418:'s
203:397
198:422
1154::
724:.
718:.
662:^
624:,
565:.
368:,
352:,
348:,
67:,
892:e
885:t
878:v
823:.
808:.
704:.
683:.
509:.
267:e
260:t
253:v
137:)
133:(
54:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
