498:. The baron maintained a herd of white cattle with black ears, descended from wild specimens found when the park was formed from part of the ancient Needwood Forest. In 1322 an unusual black calf was born in the herd that was said to have foretold the Battle of Burton Bridge and the subsequent downfall of the de Ferrers house (who were supporters of Lancaster). Subsequently it was said that the birth of a dark-hued or part-coloured calf in the herd would foretell a death in the de Ferrers family within the year. Such omens were said to have preceded the deaths of, amongst others, Robert Shirley, 7th Earl Ferrers; his wife; their son Robert Sewallis Shirley and his wife and the son, daughter and wife of Washington Shirley, the 8th Earl. Another local tradition places the legendary figure of
436:
162:
39:
332:
Edward's troops were able to cross the Trent at Walton on 10 March 1322 and advanced upon Burton from the south. Lancaster, outflanked, then moved from his positions at the bridge to a field outside of Burton, firing the town as he went. Once he realised how badly outnumbered his men were, and that
208:
On 10 March 1322 Edward's main force crossed the river at Walton and proceeded to the south side of Burton. Lancaster moved his men outside the town, intending to face the King in open battle, but withdrew northwards when he saw that he was heavily outnumbered. Lancaster was pursued closely by the
474:
was charged with concealing goods from the king after it was claimed he had taken the Earl of
Lancaster's money and goods left behind after the battle, to the value of £200. The abbot claimed that all he had found was a single silver cup which he subsequently gave to the king. The finding in 1831
419:
Lancaster had finally been dealt with, but Edward continued to upset his barons, reneging upon his previously agreed limitations to royal power, continuing to promote
Despenser and losing key battles against the Scots. With Edward's reign becoming more unpopular, Lancaster's grave became a site of
308:
had long been a supporter of
Lancaster, was said to be his closest friend, and had raised troops for him to send against the King's men in Cheshire. However, on 4 March de Holland received a secret order from the King to join him against Lancaster which he seems to have obeyed, forming a body of
291:
at Burton. He arrived in early March 1322, having lost much of his stores to floods en route, and set about fortifying the western end of the bridge, a 36-arch stone structure that was 515 yards (471 m) long and just 15 feet (4.6 m) wide. Lancaster sent out men to prevent the King from
324:
to outflank
Lancaster. This ford was, however, impassable due to flooding, and for three days Edward waited. During this time Edward ordered an attack upon Lancaster's fortified position, and despite a full day's fighting, the Royalist forces were unable to make any headway. Lancaster awaited
518:
The 1832 discovery, believed to number 100,000-360,000 coins, is thought to be the largest coin hoard ever discovered in the UK. The whereabouts of only 1,500 of these coins are known with the remainder suspected of having been taken by local villagers upon the discovery of the hoard. The
329:, 6 miles (9.7 km) north of Burton. Holland, however, apparently wished to await the result of the battle prior to committing himself and revealing his loyalties. Holland may have actually sent Lancaster letters intended to draw his men away from Burton.
333:
Holland was not moving to his aid, Lancaster decided to withdraw and was pursued by Edward. The clash is not classified as a battle by
English Heritage, though some casualties were suffered, and is not registered as a battlefield with the
213:; he was later executed on the King's orders. Lancaster's defeat removed the immediate threat to Edward's rule, but the King continued to prove unpopular with his barons, and in 1327 was forced to abdicate the throne in favour of his son
240:. The resulting raids by the Scottish on Northern England forced Edward to concede to demands from his barons for the kingdom to be governed by a council led by the Earl and to submit to the restrictions on royal power laid out in the
487:, which had previously belonged to Lancaster, in "perpetual memory of the glorious victory which God gave to the King over his enemies and the rebels near Burton-on-Trent, and also to relieve the condition of the Abbey".
475:
of a large quantity of silver coins, suspected to be part of
Lancaster's treasure, in the River Dove, near Tutbury may support the abbot's case. In either case, the next year Edward felt able to award Burton Abbey the
495:
354:
373:, capturing both towns and devastating the counties of Staffordshire and Derbyshire. Holland, seeing the outcome of the battle and knowing that the King had recently imprisoned his daughter at the
283:
Edward acted quickly against the
Marcher Lords, defeating them easily due to a lack of co-ordination amongst them, before moving north to confront Lancaster. The Earl moved from his base at
205:
to cross the river and outflank
Lancaster. Edward was delayed for three days by floodwaters, during which time some of his force was deployed opposite Lancaster's men at the bridge.
858:
416:. Lancaster was defeated and captured by Harclay and later executed at Pontefract. Edward ordered a chapel constructed on the Burton bridge in commemoration of his victory there.
385:
and
Lancaster's wife Alice de Lacy to the value of £1,000. He also ordered the men raised in Cheshire to march towards Burton and prevent the escape of Lancaster's troops to the
271:, an attempt to reconcile the King and his barons. However such co-operation was short-lived as Despenser's continued rise threatened the holdings of the Welsh
389:. Holland turned his troops over to the King at Derby on 13 March but was coldly received, his past alliance with Lancaster condemning him to imprisonment at
232:, who had at one stage been made regent in Edward's absence. Lancaster further demonstrated his disapproval of the King by his refusal to assist Edward in
70:
456:
1053:
994:
400:
Lancaster was able to flee
Tutbury Castle under cover of darkness and, with much of his army, evaded Edward's patrols to cross the flooded
869:
1182:
1135:
773:
382:
393:
and the loss of his estates. He was beheaded by an unknown gang in 1328 and his head was given to Thomas Lancaster's brother
692:
366:
435:
409:
229:
543:
592:
362:
305:
228:
had long been an enemy of the King, alienated by his practice of promoting young favourites (and alleged lovers) such as
523:
holds some of the coins and has previously appealed for the owners of any to come forward so that they can be recorded.
1187:
939:
834:
248:. The new baronial council demonstrated itself no more suited to rule than the King by failing to prevent the loss of
233:
425:
1192:
225:
174:
141:
447:
claimed to have lost £300 of goods: seven cartloads of gold cloth, silver vessels and chapel ornaments from
394:
334:
1061:
292:
crossing the Trent elsewhere and outmanoeuvring him. Two such men were John de Myner, master forester of
401:
1177:
743:
Maddicott, J.R. (July 1971). "Thomas of Lancaster and Sir Robert Holland: a study in noble patronage".
713:
Maddicott, J.R. (July 1971). "Thomas of Lancaster and Sir Robert Holland: a study in noble patronage".
377:, openly acted against Lancaster. Holland's men attacked and robbed various supporters of Lancaster at
256:
1172:
1002:
413:
267:, now a suburb of Burton upon Trent, in initial negotiations that resulted in the signing of the
210:
1024:
1197:
665:
484:
304:. De Holland was later fined 40 shillings by the King for his actions. De Holland's kinsman
429:
317:
237:
214:
198:
973:
628:
353:
1143:
405:
260:
178:
136:
119:
404:
and make his way northwards. Upon taking Tutbury, Edward ordered D'Amory's corpse to be
165:
The location of the battle. The map shows Thomas's possessions in grey, Edward's in pink.
8:
1118:
648:
975:
A history of the family of Holland of Mobberley and Knutsford in the country of Chester
630:
A History of the County of Stafford: Volume 9: Burton-upon-Trent – General History
421:
249:
245:
241:
667:
A History of the County of Stafford: Volume 9: Burton-upon-Trent – Communications
1084:
935:
830:
688:
491:
190:
64:
16:
Battle between Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster and his cousin King Edward II of England
244:. Shortly afterwards Lancaster captured and executed Gaveston after an attack upon
185:. Edward's army was proceeding northwards to engage Lancaster, having defeated his
756:
752:
726:
722:
342:
301:
956:
929:
894:
824:
807:
682:
471:
374:
321:
310:
293:
268:
259:, a known enemy of Lancaster's. In 1318 Lancaster met with Archbishop of Dublin
202:
1101:
520:
460:
452:
448:
197:, in an attempt to prevent the King from proceeding. Edward arrived at nearby
856:
1166:
272:
182:
85:
72:
30:
464:
444:
412:, having heard of the King's victory at Burton, moved to engage him at the
390:
386:
338:
275:
and in 1321 Lancaster joined them in an outright rebellion against Edward.
186:
124:
288:
194:
38:
428:, and in 1327 forced Edward to abdicate in favour of his son who became
345:, who was injured in the fight and later died of his wounds at Tutbury.
499:
463:
and subsequently lost in the retreat of the Lancastrians from Burton.
370:
284:
264:
255:
Edward continued to alienate the Barons by promoting young men such as
287:, West Yorkshire to block the strategically important crossing of the
1025:"A History of the County of Stafford: Volume 3 - The Abbey of Burton"
480:
161:
476:
459:, but according to the prior they never arrived and were taken to
357:
A medieval depiction of the execution of Thomas, Earl of Lancaster
313:
in Derbyshire ostensibly to reinforce Lancaster's army at Burton.
378:
326:
297:
1103:
A history of the parish of Tatenhill in the county of Stafford
1086:
A history of the manor of Beresford, in the county of Stafford
467:
also suffered damage at the hands of the Lancastrian forces.
325:
reinforcement from Holland, who had encamped with his men at
544:"Battle of Boroughbridge – The Armies & the Losses"
931:
Baronial Opposition to Edward II: Its Character and Policy
895:"Appendix V: Lists of battles considered for the Register"
826:
Baronial Opposition to Edward II: Its Character and Policy
420:
pilgrimage for those who opposed him. Edward's own queen,
1001:. British Association of Local History. Archived from
320:
on 7 March 1322, intending to make use of the ford at
857:
Staffordshire & Stoke on Trent Archive Service.
189:
allies in Wales. Lancaster fortified the bridge at
43:
A Victorian photograph of the medieval Burton Bridge
296:, and Richard de Holland, who broke the bridges at
812:. Manchester: The Chetham Society. p. xxxiii.
778:Staffordshire English Historic Environment Records
961:. Manchester: The Chetham Society. p. xxxiv.
1164:
971:
201:on 7 March 1322 and intended to use the ford at
439:Isabella and Mortimer at the head of their army
868:. Staffordshire County Council. Archived from
738:
736:
496:John de Ferrers, 2nd Baron Ferrers of Chartley
490:The battle gave rise to a tradition at nearby
923:
921:
919:
653:. London: Longman, Green, Reader & Dyer.
733:
708:
706:
704:
451:. These had been ordered to be removed to
1047:
1045:
978:. Edinburgh: Ballantyne Press. p. 11.
958:South Lancashire in the Reign of Edward II
809:South Lancashire in the Reign of Edward II
801:
799:
797:
795:
622:
620:
618:
616:
614:
612:
610:
337:. The casualties included the keeper of
209:King's men and eventually captured at the
1082:
1076:
989:
987:
985:
934:. Abingdon, UK: Frank Cass. p. 504.
916:
852:
850:
848:
846:
829:. Abingdon, UK: Frank Cass. p. 503.
742:
712:
424:, sided with her lover, the Marcher Lord
408:for treason. Lancaster fled north where
902:Conflict in the Pre-Industrial Landscape
701:
663:
642:
640:
626:
587:
585:
583:
581:
434:
352:
160:
1133:
1042:
965:
954:
805:
792:
607:
579:
577:
575:
573:
571:
569:
567:
565:
563:
561:
236:, including the decisive defeat at the
1165:
1116:
1110:
982:
927:
843:
822:
768:
766:
680:
646:
502:at the battle fighting for Lancaster.
1099:
1093:
1051:
637:
367:Edmund of Woodstock, 1st Earl of Kent
1054:"Plea for Help with History Mystery"
972:Fergusson Irvine, W.M., ed. (1902).
687:. London: New Holland. p. 132.
558:
443:In the aftermath of the battle, the
230:Piers Gaveston, 1st Earl of Cornwall
763:
363:John de Warenne, 7th Earl of Surrey
13:
369:, chased Lancaster to Tutbury and
14:
1209:
1183:Military history of Staffordshire
595:. UK Battlefields Resource Centre
546:. UK Battlefields Resource Centre
1134:Briscoe, Kim (10 January 2004).
1089:. Leek, Staffordshire: W. Eaton.
37:
1127:
1120:Sports and pastimes of Scotland
1017:
948:
887:
816:
512:
193:, an important crossing of the
1052:Smith, Cheryl (26 June 2006).
955:Tupling, George Henry (1949).
806:Tupling, George Henry (1949).
674:
657:
650:Le Livere de Reis de Brittanie
536:
1:
1123:. Paisley: Alexander Gardner.
1117:Fittis, Robert Scott (1891).
995:"Book review: Tutbury Castle"
928:Davies, James Conway (1967).
823:Davies, James Conway (1967).
530:
220:
175:Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster
1106:. London: Harrison and Sons.
1100:Hardy, Sir Reginald (1907).
757:10.1093/ehr/LXXXVI.CCCXL.449
727:10.1093/ehr/LXXXVI.CCCXL.449
684:The Lost Villages of England
395:Henry, 3rd Earl of Lancaster
348:
7:
1083:Beresford, William (1908).
664:Tringham, Nigel J. (2003).
647:Glover, Peter John (1865).
627:Tringham, Nigel J. (2003).
10:
1214:
670:. Victoria County History.
633:. Victoria County History.
361:The King's troops, led by
257:Hugh Despenser the Younger
1188:Battles involving England
745:English Historical Review
715:English Historical Review
316:Edward arrived at nearby
278:
226:Thomas, Earl of Lancaster
179:King Edward II of England
147:
130:
113:
47:
36:
28:
23:
593:"Boroughbridge campaign"
505:
1029:Victoria County History
414:Battle of Boroughbridge
211:Battle of Boroughbridge
171:Battle of Burton Bridge
24:Battle of Burton Bridge
681:Driver, Leigh (2006).
440:
358:
306:Lord Robert de Holland
252:to the Scots in 1318.
234:his Scottish campaigns
166:
131:Commanders and leaders
1136:"Robin Hood Was Here"
866:Issue 10, Autumn 2005
438:
406:posthumously executed
356:
238:Battle of Bannockburn
164:
1193:Edward II of England
904:. Battlefields Trust
261:Alexander de Bicknor
263:and two bishops at
173:was fought between
82: /
1005:on 24 October 2012
999:Local History News
859:"From Time 2 Time"
780:. Heritage Gateway
441:
422:Isabella of France
410:Sir Andrew Harclay
359:
335:Battlefields Trust
250:Berwick-upon-Tweed
246:Scarborough Castle
242:Ordinances of 1311
167:
86:52.8067°N 1.6238°W
1178:Conflicts in 1322
875:on 6 January 2011
774:"Monument MST912"
751:(340): 449–472 .
721:(340): 449–472 .
694:978-1-84773-218-7
343:Sir Roger D'Amory
191:Burton upon Trent
159:
158:
142:Earl of Lancaster
109:
108:
65:Burton upon Trent
1205:
1156:
1155:
1153:
1151:
1146:on 20 April 2013
1142:. Archived from
1131:
1125:
1124:
1114:
1108:
1107:
1097:
1091:
1090:
1080:
1074:
1073:
1071:
1069:
1064:on 19 April 2013
1060:. Archived from
1049:
1040:
1039:
1037:
1035:
1021:
1015:
1014:
1012:
1010:
991:
980:
979:
969:
963:
962:
952:
946:
945:
925:
914:
913:
911:
909:
899:
891:
885:
884:
882:
880:
874:
863:
854:
841:
840:
820:
814:
813:
803:
790:
789:
787:
785:
770:
761:
760:
740:
731:
730:
710:
699:
698:
678:
672:
671:
661:
655:
654:
644:
635:
634:
624:
605:
604:
602:
600:
589:
556:
555:
553:
551:
540:
524:
516:
457:Peter de Lymesey
302:Hamstall Ridware
105:Royalist victory
97:
96:
94:
93:
92:
91:52.8067; -1.6238
87:
83:
80:
79:
78:
75:
49:
48:
41:
21:
20:
1213:
1212:
1208:
1207:
1206:
1204:
1203:
1202:
1173:1322 in England
1163:
1162:
1159:
1149:
1147:
1132:
1128:
1115:
1111:
1098:
1094:
1081:
1077:
1067:
1065:
1050:
1043:
1033:
1031:
1023:
1022:
1018:
1008:
1006:
993:
992:
983:
970:
966:
953:
949:
942:
926:
917:
907:
905:
897:
893:
892:
888:
878:
876:
872:
861:
855:
844:
837:
821:
817:
804:
793:
783:
781:
772:
771:
764:
741:
734:
711:
702:
695:
679:
675:
662:
658:
645:
638:
625:
608:
598:
596:
591:
590:
559:
549:
547:
542:
541:
537:
533:
528:
527:
517:
513:
508:
494:, a holding of
472:Abbot of Burton
375:Tower of London
351:
322:Walton-on-Trent
311:Ravensdale Park
294:Needwood Forest
281:
269:Treaty of Leake
223:
203:Walton-on-Trent
177:and his cousin
155:Up to 3,000 men
90:
88:
84:
81:
76:
73:
71:
69:
68:
67:
55:7–10 March 1322
42:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1211:
1201:
1200:
1195:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1175:
1158:
1157:
1126:
1109:
1092:
1075:
1041:
1016:
981:
964:
947:
941:978-0714614663
940:
915:
886:
842:
836:978-0714614663
835:
815:
791:
762:
732:
700:
693:
673:
656:
636:
606:
557:
534:
532:
529:
526:
525:
521:British Museum
510:
509:
507:
504:
461:Tutbury Castle
453:Tutbury Priory
449:Heleigh Castle
426:Roger Mortimer
383:Hugh de Audley
350:
347:
280:
277:
222:
219:
157:
156:
153:
150:
149:
145:
144:
139:
137:King Edward II
133:
132:
128:
127:
122:
116:
115:
111:
110:
107:
106:
103:
99:
98:
63:
61:
57:
56:
53:
45:
44:
34:
33:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1210:
1199:
1198:Despenser War
1196:
1194:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1170:
1168:
1161:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1130:
1122:
1121:
1113:
1105:
1104:
1096:
1088:
1087:
1079:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1048:
1046:
1030:
1026:
1020:
1004:
1000:
996:
990:
988:
986:
977:
976:
968:
960:
959:
951:
943:
937:
933:
932:
924:
922:
920:
903:
896:
890:
871:
867:
860:
853:
851:
849:
847:
838:
832:
828:
827:
819:
811:
810:
802:
800:
798:
796:
779:
775:
769:
767:
758:
754:
750:
746:
739:
737:
728:
724:
720:
716:
709:
707:
705:
696:
690:
686:
685:
677:
669:
668:
660:
652:
651:
643:
641:
632:
631:
623:
621:
619:
617:
615:
613:
611:
594:
588:
586:
584:
582:
580:
578:
576:
574:
572:
570:
568:
566:
564:
562:
545:
539:
535:
522:
515:
511:
503:
501:
497:
493:
492:Chartley Park
488:
486:
482:
478:
473:
468:
466:
462:
458:
454:
450:
446:
445:Audley family
437:
433:
431:
427:
423:
417:
415:
411:
407:
403:
398:
396:
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
364:
355:
346:
344:
340:
336:
330:
328:
323:
319:
314:
312:
307:
303:
299:
295:
290:
286:
276:
274:
273:Marcher Lords
270:
266:
262:
258:
253:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
231:
227:
218:
216:
212:
206:
204:
200:
196:
192:
188:
184:
183:Despenser War
180:
176:
172:
163:
154:
152:
151:
146:
143:
140:
138:
135:
134:
129:
126:
123:
121:
118:
117:
112:
104:
101:
100:
95:
66:
62:
59:
58:
54:
51:
50:
46:
40:
35:
32:
31:Despenser War
27:
22:
19:
1160:
1148:. Retrieved
1144:the original
1139:
1129:
1119:
1112:
1102:
1095:
1085:
1078:
1066:. Retrieved
1062:the original
1057:
1032:. Retrieved
1028:
1019:
1007:. Retrieved
1003:the original
998:
974:
967:
957:
950:
930:
906:. Retrieved
901:
889:
877:. Retrieved
870:the original
865:
825:
818:
808:
782:. Retrieved
777:
748:
744:
718:
714:
683:
676:
666:
659:
649:
629:
597:. Retrieved
548:. Retrieved
538:
514:
489:
469:
465:Burton Abbey
442:
418:
399:
391:Dover Castle
387:River Mersey
360:
339:Alton Castle
331:
315:
282:
254:
224:
207:
187:Marcher Lord
170:
168:
125:Contrariants
114:Belligerents
29:Part of the
18:
1150:24 February
1140:Burton Mail
1068:24 February
1058:Burton Mail
1034:24 February
1009:24 February
908:24 February
784:24 February
289:River Trent
195:River Trent
181:during the
89: /
1167:Categories
531:References
500:Robin Hood
430:Edward III
402:River Dove
381:including
371:Kenilworth
309:troops at
285:Pontefract
265:Horninglow
221:Background
215:Edward III
74:52°48′24″N
481:Tatenhill
477:advowsons
349:Aftermath
318:Cauldwell
199:Cauldwell
169:The 1322
120:Royalists
77:1°37′26″W
148:Strength
60:Location
879:3 March
599:3 March
550:4 March
485:Hanbury
379:Windley
327:Dalbury
298:Wychnor
938:
833:
691:
279:Battle
102:Result
898:(PDF)
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