160:
1263:
of
Lumsden and followed the Covenanters to the vicinity of Boldon Hill where on 7 March they drew up in battle order two miles from the Scots. The Scots recognized the threat and responded by marching north and drawing up in battle order facing the Royalists. A clash, however, did not occur as the field between the two armies was impassable with many ditches and hedges between the two forces. So the two armies stood facing each other for several hours until the Royalists left the field at sunset.
127:
115:
167:
195:
181:
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1284:
commenced and continued without stop. In the afternoon, Scot dragoons attacked
Royalist musketeers in East Boldon but otherwise the cannon duel which continued until midnight became the primary means of exchange during the battle. Eventually the Royalists retreated back to Boldon Hill and the Scots retired back to Whitburn Lizard.
1267:
with additional reinforcements; and returned north to confront the Scots. The
Covenanters travelled to the north side of the River Wear at Sunderland; added provisions as they could; and then attacked and captured the Royalist fort at South Shields near the mouth of the River Tyne east of Newcastle.
1239:
As the full
Covenanter army reached the vicinity of Newcastle over the next couple of days it had to be quartered all across the surrounding countryside. Time passed. Newcastle did not surrender and Lord Leven did not attack. Unwilling to simply sit in Newcastle and wait for an attack, the Royalists
1235:
On 3 February, Lord Leven attacked an outlying fort in
Shieldfield and summoned Newcastle to surrender. Glemham, now serving as the governor of Newcastle, requested five days to consider the proposition and respond. Lord Leven granted the request as it would give him the time that he needed to bring
1275:
On about 22 March, the two armies became aware of each other's respective positions and initiated the preparations for another confrontation. Over next two days the two armies retook positions near where they had faced each other earlier in the month. The
Royalists were again atop Boldon Hill while
1266:
The next day there was minor skirmishing between small parties of horse, however, the
Royalists did not challenge the Scots as they had done the day before. Over the next couple of weeks the respective leaders of the two armies repositioned their forces. The Royalists travelled to Durham; linked up
1262:
Given the increased size of the
Royalist forces at Newcastle, the Marquess decided to pursue Lord Leven's army in an attempt to keep them from travelling further south and linking up with the Parliamentarians. As such, the Royalists left a force of 1,700 at Newcastle to defend against the regiments
1231:
The
Covenanter army began arriving in the vicinity of Newcastle on 2 February. Covenanter musketeers fired on the city forts from open fields and the Royalists responded with musket and cannon shots from inside the fortification. Nothing came of the initial exchange and the Covenanters backed away
1283:
time.” The
Royalist musketeers took positions at hedges and stopped as the field between them and the Scots was impassable as before. The Covenanters responded with their musketeers taking positions and returning fire from the hedges on their end of the field. Cannon fire from both armies then
1192:
of Scotland for military assistance in the First English Civil War. On 29 November, the Covenanters and the Parliamentarians signed a military treaty in which the Scots would enter the war as an ally of the Parliamentarians and attack Royalist positions in northern England.
1307:
in July. After the Parliamentarian victory at Marston Moor, Leven and the Covenanters would return to Newcastle where on 15 August the siege of Newcastle would resume in earnest ultimately resulting in the formal surrender of the fortress on 27 October 1644.
1287:
The exchange of musket and cannon fire in this battle was ultimately hampered by the terrain and was largely ineffective. Both sides claimed victory. The actual number of casualties is unknown; the Royalists admitted to a loss of 240 men.
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515:
1247:
The attack caused Lord Leven to take action. On 22 February, Leven ended the siege and began to move his army across the River Tyne south into Sunderland and toward
1211:
The town of Newcastle, however, was a medieval walled fortress complete with a “High Castle.” The Royalist garrison was only 500 men but the town had access to the
1219:
and before the Scots approached he took refuge in Newcastle and reinforced the garrison with the addition of a Royalist force of 5,000 commanded by Colonel Sir
1240:
on 19 February sent thirty-five troops of horse out in an attempt to spring a surprise attack on their besiegers. The attack took place west of Newcastle at
508:
350:
159:
1255:
as a covering force. Meanwhile, the Royalist forces in Newcastle were reinforced with twelve troops of horse from Yorkshire commanded by Sir
222:
21:
1204:. The immediate expectation on the part of the Parliamentarians was that the Covenanters would capture the strategic Royalist stronghold of
501:
1700:
1215:
and international trade including guns, ammunition, and grains. The Royalist forces in northern England and Newcastle were commanded by
1695:
262:
1296:
After the battle, the Royalist army withdrew to Durham in route to York. Five days later the Covenanters followed the Royalist south.
1216:
143:
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1201:
148:
416:
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1622:
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1244:. Although the attack was not a complete surprise, the Royals killed or captured over one hundred of the Scots.
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119:
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On Sunday 24 March, the battle began when the Royalists advanced toward the Scots at “
1639:
1594:
1276:
the Scots positioned themselves at Whitburn Lizard (Cleadon Hills) three miles away.
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was a day-long engagement that took place in modern-day Tyne and Wear between
1689:
1300:
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872:
310:
36:
23:
1259:. This brought the total number of Royalist forces at Newcastle to 14,000.
275:
493:
1591:
How the Scots Won the English Civil War: The Triumph of Fraser's Dragoons
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1161:
83:
1169:
1165:
1241:
1212:
1185:
1157:
126:
1545:
114:
1678:
The Life and Campaigns of Alexander Leslie, First Earl of Leven
1280:
260:
1343:
1341:
1339:
1337:
1335:
1593:(Paperback ed.). Gloucestershire: The History Press.
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with an army of 18,000 foot and 3,000 horse commanded by
1522:
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1474:
1462:
1373:
1438:
1404:
1402:
1400:
1385:
1317:
1450:
1426:
1414:
1397:
1361:"Football: A rivalry with roots in kings and coal"
1251:. At Newcastle, Leven left six regiments with Sir
1510:
1498:
1232:and retired for the night a mile from Newcastle.
1687:
1236:up the siege guns and prepare for an assault.
1544:
1347:
509:
246:
523:
1633:
1528:
516:
502:
264:Scotland in the Wars of the Three Kingdoms
253:
239:
1196:In January 1644, the Covenanters entered
1634:Serdiville, Rosie; Sadler, John (2011).
1270:
1563:
1408:
1299:The two armies would meet again at the
1688:
1638:. Gloucestershire: The History Press.
1671:Scots Armies of the English Civil War
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1202:Alexander Leslie, 1st Earl of Leven
166:
13:
1701:Military history of Northumberland
1654:
1610:"The Battle of Marston Moor, 1644"
1572:. Internet Archive. Archived from
1564:Lindsay, Euan (12 November 2011).
194:
14:
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1696:Battles of the English Civil Wars
1636:The Great Siege of Newcastle 1644
180:
207:
193:
179:
165:
158:
125:
113:
1676:Terry, Charles Sanford (1899).
1716:17th century in Northumberland
1664:Atlas of the English Civil War
1623:"Civil War in the North, 1644"
1353:
417:Anglo-Scottish war (1650–1652)
208:
1:
1621:Plant, David (29 June 2006).
1608:Plant, David (27 June 2008).
1566:"The Siege of Newcastle 1644"
1537:
1179:
226:Tyne and Wear and Boldon Hill
16:1644 English Civil War battle
1311:
1291:
1172:on 24 March 1644 during the
7:
10:
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1217:the Marquess of Newcastle
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272:
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106:
66:
58:
53:
1589:McRae, Alisdair (2013).
1188:made an overture to the
388:Second English Civil War
1174:First English Civil War
1160:and an army made up of
527:First English Civil War
294:First English Civil War
61:First English Civil War
1662:Newman, P. R. (1998).
1305:Battle of Marston Moor
138:Commanders and leaders
1669:Reed, Stuart (1999).
1271:Battle of Boldon Hill
1154:Battle of Boldon Hill
918:Gunnislake New Bridge
144:Marquess of Newcastle
54:Battle of Boldon Hill
1666:. London: Routledge.
1303:in April and at the
1162:Scottish Covenanters
223:class=notpageimage|
1680:. London: Longmans.
1576:on 12 November 2011
1550:Boldon War Memories
1546:"English Civil War"
1206:Newcastle upon Tyne
33: /
1382:, pp. 43-44..
1369:. 23 October 2005.
992:Scarborough Castle
794:2nd Wardour Castle
694:1st Wardour Castle
471:Glencairn's rising
1711:Conflicts in 1644
1673:. London: Osprey.
1645:978-0-7524-5989-9
1600:978-0-7524-9860-7
1529:Serdiville (2011)
1495:, pp. 58–59.
1483:, pp. 56–57.
1471:, pp. 55–56.
1447:, pp. 52–54.
1394:, pp. 49–50.
1348:English Civil War
1329:, pp. 57–58.
1227:Before the battle
1164:in alliance with
1158:English Royalists
1149:
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1072:Sherburn in Elmet
943:Montgomery Castle
853:Stourbridge Heath
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1166:Parliamentarians
1121:Stow-on-the-Wold
1077:3rd Basing House
1032:2nd Lathom House
982:High Ercall Hall
893:2nd Basing House
838:1st Lathom House
784:1st Basing House
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37:54.946°N 1.430°W
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1570:Wayback Machine
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42:54.946; -1.430
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1435:, p. 51.
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1253:James Lumsden
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1187:
1184:In 1643, the
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1141:2nd Worcester
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1087:Denbigh Green
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739:Roundway Down
737:
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729:Burton Bridge
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719:Adwalton Moor
717:
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712:
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709:1st Worcester
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439:2nd Inverness
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435:
434:1st Inverness
432:
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149:Earl of Leven
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74:24 March 1644
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1578:. Retrieved
1574:the original
1569:
1553:. Retrieved
1549:
1524:
1517:Plant (2006)
1512:
1505:Plant (2008)
1500:
1493:McRae (2013)
1488:
1481:McRae (2013)
1476:
1469:McRae (2013)
1464:
1457:McRae (2013)
1452:
1445:McRae (2013)
1440:
1433:McRae (2013)
1428:
1421:McRae (2013)
1416:
1392:McRae (2013)
1387:
1380:McRae (2013)
1375:
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1327:McRae (2013)
1298:
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1238:
1234:
1230:
1210:
1195:
1183:
1168:from nearby
1153:
1151:
1131:2nd Aberdeen
1103:
1101:
1067:Rowton Heath
969:
967:
938:1st Aberdeen
913:Marston Moor
898:Tipton Green
847:
820:
818:
779:Olney Bridge
749:Gainsborough
724:2nd Bradford
689:Sourton Down
679:Ripple Field
659:Hopton Heath
636:
634:
625:1st Bradford
620:Muster Green
605:Piercebridge
575:Kings Norton
565:Babylon Hill
538:
469:
468:
415:
414:
386:
385:
371:2nd Aberdeen
326:1st Aberdeen
316:Marston Moor
305:
292:
291:
276:Bishops Wars
274:
107:Belligerents
59:Part of the
18:
1627:BCW Project
1614:BCW Project
1190:Covenanters
1111:Bovey Heath
1062:2nd Chester
1057:Philiphaugh
1052:2nd Bristol
1007:3rd Taunton
997:2nd Taunton
963:2nd Newbury
953:1st Taunton
948:1st Chester
928:Lostwithiel
848:Boldon Hill
789:Heptonstall
769:1st Newbury
744:1st Bristol
483:Dalnaspidal
361:Philiphaugh
306:Boldon Hill
282:Brig of Dee
173:Boldon Hill
84:The Boldons
40: /
1690:Categories
1538:References
1180:Background
1170:Sunderland
1136:Lagganmore
1126:3rd Oxford
1116:Torrington
1082:Annan Moor
1012:2nd Oxford
977:Inverlochy
933:Tippermuir
883:1st Oxford
868:Lyme Regis
754:Gloucester
630:Chichester
615:1st Exeter
555:Portsmouth
444:Carbisdale
376:Lagganmore
366:Annan Moor
336:Inverlochy
321:Tippermuir
201:Sunderland
98:Indecisive
25:54°56′46″N
1312:Citations
1292:Aftermath
1242:Corbridge
1213:North Sea
1017:Leicester
833:Newcastle
734:Lansdowne
704:Wakefield
674:Lichfield
669:Camp Hill
610:Tadcaster
590:Brentford
585:Aylesbury
464:Worcester
395:Dunaverty
301:Newcastle
187:Newcastle
28:1°25′48″W
1580:23 April
1555:21 April
1042:Hereford
1037:Langport
1002:Auldearn
987:Weymouth
958:Carlisle
923:Ormskirk
903:Oswestry
858:Cheriton
828:Nantwich
759:2nd Hull
699:Stratton
580:Edgehill
560:Plymouth
545:1st Hull
429:Stirling
341:Auldearn
331:Carlisle
132:Scotland
79:Location
1047:Kilsyth
878:Lincoln
809:Arundel
774:Winceby
684:Reading
478:Tullich
410:Winwick
405:Preston
356:Kilsyth
287:Newburn
120:England
1642:
1597:
1281:Sermon
1249:Durham
1097:Newark
1027:Alford
1022:Naseby
888:Bolton
843:Newark
459:Dundee
449:Dunbar
346:Alford
215:Durham
95:Result
863:Selby
799:Alton
649:Leeds
351:Fyvie
1640:ISBN
1595:ISBN
1582:2020
1557:2020
1152:The
1104:1646
970:1645
873:York
821:1644
637:1643
539:1642
311:York
71:Date
1176:.
1692::
1625:.
1612:.
1568:.
1548:.
1399:^
1363:.
1334:^
1319:^
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1208:.
86:,
1648:.
1629:.
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1603:.
1584:.
1559:.
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1507:.
1411:.
1350:.
517:e
510:t
503:v
254:e
247:t
240:v
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