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fought on the side of Guru Gobind Das were Shah
Sangram (Sango Shah), Jit Mal, Mehri Chand, Ganga Ram, Lal Chand, Daya Ram, Kripal, Nand Chand, 'Uncle' Kirpal, and Sahib Chand. The first to be killed in the battle was Hayat Khan who was hit on the head by Kripal with his staff. Sahib Chand killed a number of Khans and warriors. Hari Chand killed many warriors on the Guru's side, including Jit Mal. Najabat Khan killed Sangram Shah, but himself got killed. Guru Gobind Das took part in the battle personally after the death of shah Sangram. His first arrow killed a Khan. His second arrow killed Bhikhan Khan's horse. Hari Chand shot three arrows at the Guru, but only one of the three pricked him slightly. Hari Chand was killed by the Guru's arrow. The army of Fateh Shah left the field of battle. The Guru was victorious through God's grace. He returned to Makhowal and founded Anandpur.
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point near Paunta that was under the Guru's control. Bhim Chand sent his wazir to the Guru with the request to forgive him and to return to
Anandpur. He praised the Guru as the avtar of Rama and Krishna, and requested for a safe passage. Guru Gobind Das told him that his master was not sincere and that he would have to face armed resistance if he tried to cross the Jamuna. The Guru added that he would return to Anandpur on his own with the beat of the drum.& Eventually, only the bridegroom was allowed to cross the Jamuna to reach Srinagar before the auspicious time fixed for marriage. Bhim Chand had to take a longer route and he reached late. He persuaded Fateh Shah to attack Paunta and dislodge the Guru. Among those who came to their support were the chiefs of Guler, Jaswan, Kangra, Kullu, Chamba, Jammu, Mandi, and Suket.
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town lies Guru de Mahal, where the Guru and his family lived and where his followers built a dharmsal and langar. This is the reputed place where several
Kashmiri pandits came seeking protection from Aurangzeb's army, in response to which Guru Tegh Bahadur made his fateful voyage to Delhi where he was martyred by the Mughal emperor. Gobind Rai, Tegh Bahadur's son, had been installed as Guru Gobind by his father prior to setting off for Delhi, and the spot where this took place, too, is commemorated at Anandpur. Guru Gobind returned to Chak Nanaki from Paonta in 1688 following his victory over an alliance of hill Rajas at the battle of Bhangani (Mann 2009). At the time of his return, the Guru founded a new centre which he called Anandpur, as an annex to Chak Nanaki.
1375:'He is no man's enemy. He is enemy only to tyranny and oppression whichever form it takes. As for war, remember the war was not of his choosing, it was thrust upon him by you and your allies. If he had been a warmonger, he would have taken advantage of his victory, like all victors do, to annex some of your territory, to extend the sphere of his influence into your kingdom to demand reparation for the losses he sustained in the war. He did none of these things. Instead he even withdrew from Medini Prakash's territory to his own settlement to spare his host any embarrassment. Remember how effectively he brought a rapprochement between Fateh Shah and Medini Prakash, after centuries of hostility between Garhwal and Sirmaur?'
264:
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628:(the capital of Garhwal) for the marriage ceremony, and the shortest route passed through Paonta. However, the Guru had no faith in Bhim Chand, and he refused to let his heavily armed party pass through Paonta. After negotiations, the Guru permitted only the bridegroom and a small number of his companions to cross the ferry near Paonta. The rest of the marriage party, including Bhim Chand, had to follow a circuitous route to Srinagar. This increased Bhim Chand's hostility towards the Guru.
145:
686:. Except for Mahant Kirpa Das and a few others, most of the Udasis had deserted the Guru. The Pathans who had taken up employment under Guru Ji on the recommendation of Pir Buddhu Shah were all bought over by Bhim Chand. They were promised free share of the plunder at Paonta Sahib. Guru Ji informed Pir Buddhu Shah about the unfaithful behavior of the Pathans and he himself led his Sikhs to a place six miles outside Paonta Sahib, called Bhangani.
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Bachittar Natak (wondrous drama) . Besides several hundred Sikhs, the two sons of Pir Buddhu Shah and a large number of his followers died in the fighting. Guru Ji's general Sangho Shah, after killing the brave
Najabat Khan also fell in battle, so did his brother Jeet Mal thus reviving the glory of their maternal grandfather, Guru Hargobind Sahib Ji.
573:. The use of such a war drum was limited to the chieftains, within their territory. Its use by the Guru was considered a hostile act by Raja Bhim Chand. On his Prime Minister's advice, the Raja arranged a meeting with the Guru, and visited his court in Anandpur. There, his eyes fell on the valuable gifts presented to the Guru by the devotees.
621:. At the request of Raja Mat Prakash, the Guru constructed a fort at Paonta with help of his followers, in a short time. He continued to increase his army. Raja Fateh Shah also paid a visit to the Guru, and was received with honor in his court. The Guru established a peace treaty between the two Rajas.
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Koer Singh highlights Bhim Chand's role in persuading Fateh Shah to attack Guru Gobind Das. Bhim Chand's son was betrothed to the daughter of Fateh Shah. For the marriage ceremony, Bhim Chand had set out with a large party to go to
Srinagar, the capital of Fateh Shah. He had to cross the Jamuna at a
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49. Bachitar Natak 8:1-3, Dasam Granth, p. 60. Chapter 8 deals almost exclusively with the Battle of
Bhangani after which the Guru went back to his patrimony and strengthened it. Bachitar Natak 8:36, Dasam Granth, p. 62. An intriguing understanding of this section of the Bachitar Natak (8:1-3) which
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as a gift for the bride. His representatives were accompanied by 500 horsemen to guard the gift. When Bhim Chand learns of the gift from the Guru, he threatened to cancel the marriage if Fateh Shah accepted the gift. Fateh Shah, fearing for his daughter's future, refused to accept the gift, and sent
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A final context relevant to the Khalsa
Heritage Complex is the town of Anandpur Sahib itself. Renowned as a site where the Sikh Khalsa was inaugurated by the tenth and final living Guru, Gobind Singh, Anandpur is already filled with important commemorative sites and structures. At the centre of the
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Kirpal Das was using a heavy stick called a Kutka to fight, he killed Hayat Khan, the chief of the
Pathans now finghting on the opposing side. Pir Buddhu Shah also fought bravely as did his sons and followers in this bloody of battles which Guru Ji describes in martial verses in his autobiography,
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Among the warriors who fought on the side of Fateh Shah, according to the
Bachittar Natak, were the hired Pathan commandants Hayat Khan, Najabat Khan and Bhikhan Khan, Raja Gopal (Raj Singh) of Guler, Hari Chand (of Hindur), Madhukar Shah Dadwal (of Siba), and the Raja of Jaswan. Among those who
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elephant to him. Bhim Chand wanted the elephant to make a display of his wealth to the guests at his son's proposed wedding. The Guru knew that Bhim Chand wanted to gain permanent possession of the elephant by deceptive tactics, and declined the Raja's request. He stated that the devotee who had
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The battle of
Bhangani lasted for a day; some historians argue that it lasted for nine hours. But it was fought with great fury. As the combined armies of the hill Rajas marched towards Paonta, Guru Gobind Singh also marched towards them. The opposing forces met on the banks of Yamuna river, at
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The Raja felt disgraced by the Guru's refusal, and got restless with Guru's growing influence, and his interest in military exercises. Soon an atmosphere of confrontation developed between them due to Guru's sovereign and autonomous actions though Guru never seemed offensive towards territorial
768:
The Guru, though victorious, did not occupy the territory of defeated hill chiefs. Some historians such as H. Raturi, Anil Chandra Banerjee and A. S. Rawat speculate that the battle must have ended without any conclusive result, since the Guru's victory is not substantiated by any territorial
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sets it within the context of the love/violence reading of bhakti is Balbinder Singh Bhogal, "Text as Sword: Sikh Religious Violence Taken as Wonder," in John R. Hinnells and Richard King (eds.), Religion and Violence in South Asia: Theory and Practice (London: Routledge, 2007), pp. 121-22.
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The other soldiers mentioned by the author include Lal Chand, Sahib Chand, Maharu, Nand Chand or Namd Chand (who fought with his dagger after his sword broke). The enemies mentioned by him include Gopal (the king of Guleria), the Raja of Chandel, and the chiefs of Jaswal and Dadhwal.
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Guru Gobind Singh came out victorious, and won the battle. Guru Gobind Singh in Bichitra Natak also mentions that the battle resulted in the victory of the Guru's forces, and the enemy forces fled from the battlefield. Hari Chand was killed in battle.
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Pir Buddhu Shah presents his sons to Guru Gobind Singh On hearing about the unreliable Pathans, Pir Buddhu Shah was greatly perturbed. Immediately he called his sons, and along with between 500 and 700 of his followers he rushed to Guru Ji's side.
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On their way back to Paonta, the Guru's horsemen were attacked by the Rajas' forces. They managed to defend themselves, and told the Guru about the incident. The Guru, anticipating an attack from the Rajas, made preparations for the war.
613:(the capital of Sirmur) at the request of Raja Medni Prakash. From Nahan, he proceeded to Paonta. According to Ajay S. Rawat, Raja Mat(Medni) Prakash invited the Guru to his kingdom in order to strengthen his position against Raja
608:
doesn't mention any reason for shifting his residence to Paonta. According to the Gazetteer of the Sirmur state, the Guru was compelled to quit Anadpur due to differences with Bhim Chand, and went to Toka. From Toka, he came to
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The author of Bichitra Natak states that after the battle, the Guru didn't remain at Paonta, and returned to Anandpur. Those who fought in the battle were rewarded, and those who didn't were turned out of the town.
339:
533:
By the 1680s, the Guru's influence and power had increased greatly. His devotees came from distant places and brought him valuable gifts. A devotee called Duni Chand visited Anandpur in 1681, and presented him a
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annexations, and the Guru entered into an understanding with Bhim Chand soon after the battle. However, this was most likely because the Guru was not after any territorial gains, just as his grandfather,
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skills of Hari Chand. Hari Chand killed Jit Mall in a duel, but himself fainted. After coming to his senses, he fired arrows at the Guru, who survived and killed Hari Chand with an arrow.
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presented the elephant didn't want it to be given away to anybody else. Bhim Chand is said to have sent his emissaries thrice to the Guru, the last one being Raja Kesari Chand of
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Sometime after the Guru's return to Anandpur, peace was established between Raja Bhim Chand and Guru Gobind Singh, after the former paid a visit to the Guru with his minister.
718:, Guru Gobind Singh, praises his own soldiers, as well as those of the enemy forces. According to him, the Guru's soldiers included the five sons of Bibi Viro (the daughter of
346:
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Bhangani, 6 miles (9.7 km) away from Paonta. The battle resulted in the death of several of the Guru's and the Pir's disciples, including the two sons of the Pir.
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722:): Sango Shah, Jit Mall, Gulab Chand, Mahri Chand and Ganga Ram. Sango Shah fell down after killing Najbat Khan of the opposing army. The Guru praises the heroism of
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428:
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Safarnama and Zafarnama: Being an Account of the Travels of Guru Gobind Singh and the Epistle of Moral Victory Written by Him to Emperor Aurangzeb
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1602:
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526:(Kahlur) but Anandpur Sahib was an autonomous region held by Guru Gobind Singh as the barren land of Makhowal was purchased by his father
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332:
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Fateh Shah had invited the Guru to the wedding celebrations. The Guru sent his representatives Bhai Nand Chand (or Namd Chand) and
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The tombs of the dead hill kings were constructed at Bhangani. The Guru is said to have pitched his flag at Bhangani, and today a
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The marriage of Bhim Chand's son was arranged with the daughter of Fateh Shah. Bhim Chand had to go from Bilaspur to
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According to Harjinder Dilgeer Guru Gobind Singh Ji's army consisted of around 4,000 Sikhs only besides a number of
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130:
507:, an autobiography generally attributed to Guru Gobind Singh, contains a detailed description of the battle.
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The Sikh Ẓafar-nāmah of Guru Gobind Singh : a discursive blade in the heart of the Mughal Empire
385:
375:
370:
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Dilgeer, Harjinder Singh, SIKH HISTORY in 10 volumes (in English), Sikh University Press, 2010-11.
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1654:. Vol. 13. Guru Nanak Dev University. Department of Guru Nanak Studies. 1986. p. 41.
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to the wedding celebrations. He also sent jewellery worth approximately a hundred thousand
120:
8:
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The author said that he himself went into the battlefield when an arrow struck his body.
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Bhim Chand and Fateh Shah formed an alliance with 14 other Hill Rajas: such as Kirpal of
604:(a.k.a. Medni Prakash) of Sirmur. The reasons for the shift are not clear. The author of
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585:. However, the Guru didn't accept his demand, and refused to part with the elephant.
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Some days later, Bhim Chand sent a message to Anandpur, asking the Guru to lend the
565:) to enthuse his army. The job of constructing the drum was entrusted to the Guru's
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In the mid-1680s, Guru Gobind Singh ordered the construction of a war drum (
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Advanced History of the Punjab: Guru and post-Guru period upto Ranjit Singh
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105:
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Dahiya, Amardeep S. (2014). "Chapter 3 - Battles of Bhangani and Nadaun".
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734:. He also says that his maternal uncle Kirpal Chand fought like a true
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94:
1479:"...Fateh Shah became angry and fought with me without any reason.".
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Founder of the Khalsa : the Life and Times of Guru Gobind Singh
999:
Founder of the Khalsa : the Life and Times of Guru Gobind Singh
2541:
903:
786:
522:, which was though located in the territory of Raja Bhim Chand of
1237:. Vol. 1. New Academic Publishing Company. pp. 263–268.
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Holy People of the World: A Cross-cultural Encyclopedia, Volume 1
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750:
562:
205:
196:
187:
178:
90:
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126:
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1222:. Translated by Singh, Joginder. Nara Publications. p. 34.
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Birth of the Khalsa, The: A Feminist Re-Memory of Sikh Identity
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672:
660:
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or tent) embroidered in gold and silver, and was studded with
2521:
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Guru Gobind Singh (1666-1708) : master of the white hawk
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Guru Gobind Singh (1666-1708) : master of the white hawk
679:
636:
610:
566:
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111:
98:
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In April 1685, Guru Gobind Singh shifted his residence to
1259:
Garhwal Himalaya : a study in historical perspective
1059:
A Short Sketch of the Life and Works of Guru Gobind Singh
838:
1488:
1296:. "Then I left my home and went to place named Paonta.".
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Short Sketch of the Life and Works of Guru Gobind Singh
1920:
Short Sketch of the Life and Works of Guru Gobind Singh
495:. It was the first battle Guru Gobind Singh, the tenth
530:
and town was developed with earlier name Chakk Nanki.
651:
wrote that Fateh Shah fought with him for no reason.
1688:
1686:
869:
The Sikhs : Their Journey Of Five Hundred Years
1150:(1st ed.). Amritsar: Singh Bros. p. 142.
971:. Oxford Handbooks. Oxford University Press. 2014.
1308:
1306:
1304:
1302:
895:
1683:
1252:
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936:. New Delhi: Hemkunt Publishers. pp. 18–19.
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316:100,000 with 20,500 reinforcements arriving later
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1980:. Lotus Press. pp. Guru Gobind Singh, 137.
1181:History of the Sikh Gurus: A Comprehensive Study
1615:
1299:
933:The encyclopedia of Sikhism (over 1000 entries)
647:Guru Gobind Singh in his autobiographical work
471:on 18 September 1686 or 1688, at Bhangani near
1241:
773:had done when winning his battles against the
2310:
2113:
891:
889:
865:
340:
2547:List of places named after Guru Gobind Singh
479:participated in the engagement on behalf of
1207:. Deep & Deep Publications. p. 33.
1147:A historian's approach to Guru Gobind Singh
839:Nikky-Guninder Kaur Singh (February 2012).
2317:
2303:
2120:
2106:
2062:. Asian Educational Services. p. 80.
1922:. Asian Educational Services. p. 78.
1601:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1425:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1061:. Asian Educational Services. p. 78.
886:
347:
333:
2127:
1524:(2nd ed.). A. Mukherjee. p. 72.
354:
1519:
546:. Ratan Rai, the son of Raja Ram Rai of
1899:
1741:Not to be confused with another famous
1619:KNOW YOUR STATE : himachal pradesh
1232:
1202:
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2000:
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1320:: Indus Publishing. 1996. p. 16.
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1143:
1089:
995:
929:
2298:
2101:
2086:Description of the Battle of Bhangani
1975:
1692:
1664:
1558:
1556:
1539:. Sanbun Publishers. pp. 15–16.
1444:. Sanbun Publishers. pp. 61–63.
1256:
1133:. Sikh Educational Trust. p. 28.
1096:. New York: Oxford University Press.
1056:
569:, Nand Chand, and the drum was named
475:. An alliance of Rajput Rajas of the
328:
1622:. : ARIHANT PUBLISHERS. p. 26.
1534:
1439:
1261:. Indus Publishing. pp. 50–54.
1217:
1038:from the original on 27 October 2007
963:
961:
925:
923:
1537:Guru Gobind Singh: Prophet of Peace
1442:Guru Gobind Singh: Prophet of Peace
969:The Oxford Handbook of Sikh Studies
738:and killed one Hayat Khan with his
13:
1936:
1907:. S.Chand, New Delhi. p. 235.
1569:(1st ed.). New Delhi, India.
1553:
1492:Sikhism: A Guide for the Perplexed
1393:(1st ed.). New Delhi, India.
14:
2664:
2079:
2057:
1917:
1697:. Lotus Books. pp. 137–138.
1489:Arvind-Pal Singh Mandair (2013).
1129:Dilgeer, Harjinder Singh (2000).
989:
958:
920:
487:'s side, including the states of
2601:
2593:
2324:
262:
253:
204:
195:
186:
177:
143:
134:
125:
89:
2255:Battle of Anandpur Sahib (1701)
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1994:
1969:
1960:
1911:
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1342:
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1226:
1211:
1196:
1187:
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1137:
1122:
1057:Singh, Bhagat Lakshman (1995).
300:Raja Gopal (Raj Singh) of Guler
218:Shah Sangram (Sango Shah)
2005:. Bhagirathi Prakashan Griha.
1966:Suraj Granth Ruth 2 Chapter 31
1203:Dhillon, Dalbir Singh (1990).
1083:
1050:
1024:
872:. Pentagon Press. p. 35.
859:
832:
708:Description in Bachittar Natak
304:Madhukar Shah Dadwal (of Siba)
1:
2628:Battles involving the Rajputs
2352:Chandi Charitar Ukat(i) Bilas
2001:Raturi, Harikrishna (1980) .
1520:Banerjee, Indubhusan (1962).
1314:Gazetteer of the Sirmur State
1183:. Gur Das Kapur. p. 398.
1179:Gandhi, Surjit Singh (1978).
1144:Gandhi, Surjit Singh (2004).
826:
698:
1669:. Lotus Press. p. 137.
1349:Dahiya, Amardeep S. (2014).
1205:Battles of Guru Gobind Singh
780:
667:(or Guleria), Hari Chand of
640:back the Guru's contingent.
600:state, at the invitation of
7:
2633:History of Himachal Pradesh
2623:Battles involving the Sikhs
896:Phyllis G. Jestice (2004).
799:
499:, fought at the age of 19.
10:
2669:
2507:Jamshed Khan and Wasil Beg
2040:Chapter 8, Chaupai 35-8.37
1976:Singh, Prithi Pal (2006).
1882:Chapter 8, Chaupai 28-8.33
1693:Singh, Prithi Pal (2007).
1665:Singh, Prithi Pal (2007).
1535:Raju, Karam Singh (1999).
1440:Raju, Karam Singh (1999).
1257:Rawat, Ajay Singh (2002).
1218:Nara, Ishar Singh (1985).
1032:"Garhwal (Princely State)"
845:. SUNY Press. p. 27.
2591:
2555:
2514:
2490:
2429:
2332:
2291:
2271:Battle of Chamkaur (1704)
2266:Battle of Anandpur (1704)
2223:
2187:
2137:
1978:The History of Sikh Gurus
1695:The History of Sikh Gurus
1667:The History of Sikh Gurus
1090:Fenech, Louis E. (2013).
759:
654:
510:
366:
310:
171:
82:
44:18 September 1686 or 1688
36:
28:
23:
2563:Takht Sri Keshgarh Sahib
2276:Battle of Bichhora Sahib
2249:First Battle of Anandpur
2058:Singh, Bhagat Lakshman.
1918:Singh, Bhagat Lakshman.
1616:ARIHANT EXPERTS (2018).
2261:Battle of Basoli (1702)
1652:Journal of Sikh Studies
1522:Evolution of the Khalsa
1355:. Carlsbad: Hay House.
1233:Chhabra, G. S. (1968).
1002:. Carlsbad: Hay House.
749:The author praises the
2243:Battle of Guler (1696)
1809:Chapter 8, Chaupai 7-8
1724:Chapter 8, Chaupai 4-5
1563:Grewal, J. S. (2019).
1387:Grewal, J. S. (2019).
930:Singha, H. S. (2000).
866:Raj Pal Singh (2004).
596:(now Poanta sahib) in
302:Hari Chand (of Hindur)
172:Commanders and leaders
108:Budhu Shah's disciples
2583:Gurdwara Paonta Sahib
2573:Takht Sri Patna Sahib
2568:Takht Sri Hazur Sahib
1949:Chapter 8, Chaupai 34
1857:Chapter 8, Chaupai 12
1761:Chapter 8, Chaupai 23
906:. pp. 345, 346.
726:, and equates him to
358:Hill States-Sikh Wars
31:Hill States-Sikh Wars
2045:17 July 2011 at the
1954:17 July 2011 at the
1905:Muslim Rule In India
1887:17 July 2011 at the
1862:17 July 2011 at the
1838:17 July 2011 at the
1833:Chapter 8, Chaupai 8
1814:17 July 2011 at the
1790:17 July 2011 at the
1785:Chapter 8, Chaupai 6
1766:17 July 2011 at the
1729:17 July 2011 at the
1475:17 July 2011 at the
1469:Chapter 8, Chaupai 3
1294:Chapter 8, Chaupai 1
816:Hinduism and Sikhism
806:Hill States of India
671:and Kesari Chand of
242:'Uncle' Kirpal Chand
16:1686 - 1688 conflict
1901:Mahajan, Vidya Dhar
465:Bhim Chand (Kahlur)
459:was fought between
429:Banda Singh Bahadur
259:Bhim Chand (Kahlur)
192:Bhai Daya Ram Sobhi
2482:Prasadi (elephant)
2231:Battle of Bhangani
2205:Guru Maneyo Granth
1131:Who are the Sikhs?
821:History of Sikhism
457:Battle of Bhangani
415:Shahi Tibbi (1704)
289:Najabat Khan
209:Bhai Jit Mal
24:Battle of Bhangani
2653:Conflicts in 1688
2643:Conflicts in 1686
2610:
2609:
2425:
2424:
2387:Sabad patshahi 10
2357:Chandi Charitar 2
2282:Battle of Muktsar
2145:Guru Tegh Bahadur
2130:Guru Gobind Singh
2003:Garhwal ka Itihas
1745:Nawab of Kunjpura
1704:978-81-8382-075-2
1676:978-81-8382-075-2
1629:978-93-131-6765-5
1576:978-0-19-949494-1
1400:978-0-19-949494-1
1362:978-93-81398-61-6
1327:978-81-7387-056-9
1103:978-0-19-998060-4
1068:978-81-206-0576-3
1009:978-93-81398-61-6
852:978-0-7914-8266-7
528:Guru Tegh Bahadur
516:Guru Gobind Singh
461:Guru Gobind Singh
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411:2 Anandpur (1704)
406:1 Anandpur (1704)
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715:Bachittar Natak
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401:Chamkaur (1702)
391:Anandpur (1700)
386:Anandpur (1699)
381:Bhangani (1686)
376:Anandpur (1685)
371:Anandpur (1682)
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606:Bichitra Natak
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485:Bilaspur State
477:Shivalik Hills
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2326:Dasam Granth
2230:
2167:Jujhar Singh
2158:Mata Sundari
2094:(Chapter 8).
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2382:Rudar Avtar
2377:Brahm Avtar
2224:The Warrior
2210:The Five Ks
2175:Fateh Singh
732:Mahabharata
728:Dronacharya
518:resided at
249:Buddhu Shah
244:Sahib Chand
227:Mehri Chand
201:Sangtia Rai
121:Hill States
2617:Categories
2578:Nada Sahib
2556:Gurudwaras
2503:Wazir Khan
2442:Panj Pyare
2430:Associates
2412:Zafarnamah
2392:33 Swayyae
2342:Akal Ustat
2337:Jaap Sahib
2200:Panj Pyare
2188:The Leader
2179:Ajit Singh
2149:Mata Gujri
1638:1245922498
1585:1121651952
1409:1121651952
1042:1 December
827:References
699:The battle
615:Fateh Shah
481:Bhim Chand
268:Fateh Shah
240:Nand Chand
238:Kripal Das
2498:Aurangzeb
2491:Opponents
2292:The Saint
2154:Mata Jito
1597:cite book
1421:cite book
1371:881415374
1318:New Delhi
1112:826068533
1018:881415374
952:243621542
781:Aftermath
742:(stick).
736:Kshatriya
497:Sikh Guru
231:Lal Chand
229:Ganga Ram
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2542:Chamkaur
2417:Hikayats
2043:Archived
1952:Archived
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1885:Archived
1860:Archived
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1277:52088426
1166:62342291
1077:55854929
1036:Archived
904:ABC-CLIO
800:See also
787:gurdwara
724:Daya Ram
626:Srinagar
536:Shamiana
524:Bilaspur
520:Anandpur
469:Bilaspur
311:Strength
233:Daya Ram
49:Location
29:Part of
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655:Armies
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563:nagara
544:pearls
540:canopy
511:Causes
493:Kangra
431:(1711)
319:10,000
236:Mahant
166:Jaswan
158:Hindur
149:Kangra
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665:Guler
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