51:
579:. The war impacted the eastern region of the DRC, leading to widespread violence and chaos that affected even the most remote areas of the chiefdom. During this turbulent period, various armed factions emerged, vying for power and resources in the area. The dense forests and vast jungles that cover the Basile Chiefdom provided an ideal base of operations for these groups, with the thick foliage and rugged terrain acting as a natural shield, allowing the armed factions to hide, regroup, and launch attacks.
597:
On
September 27, 2011, five people were reportedly killed in the locality of Mukono in the Basile Chiefdom. According to local authorities, the attackers slit their throats and left them lying on the floor. Following the killings, the head of the Basile Chiefdom urged the government to expedite the
593:
in the Basile
Chiefdom. According to civil society in Kamituga, two people were reported dead, and several diggers were reported missing. The locality of Lukatu was looted, and a man was shot dead. The assailants then kidnapped and cut the throat of the head of the Tubindi Sele locality near Ngando
566:
in 1926. Kalenga
Kishinga's resistance continued, but he faced relocations and unfortunate circumstances, ultimately losing his life in 1932. On March 31, 1960, just before the Congolese Independence Day, the Wamuzimu Chiefdom was divided, giving birth to the Basile Chiefdom. Mwami Kalenga Lwango,
561:
in the Urega region. The region was already home to local traditional leaders who held power within their respective communities. Among them, Kalenga Kitoga
Ishinga was accredited as a traditional indigenous chief in 1913. However, his insubordination led to his demotion and the rise of Chief
338:. The region has a moderate altitude, ranging between 800 and 1600 meters, and features a predominantly flat plateau with expansive, gently sloping valleys. While the presence of mountains is limited and scattered throughout the area, the chiefdom boasts abundant underutilized
796:
442:
lasts approximately three months, from June to August. During this period, a dry and refreshing wind blows, accompanied by mild temperatures. Following the dry season, the region transitions into the
527:
has three mining sites: Mayengo in the village of
Kalungu for cassiterite, Muliza in the village of Kyamba for cassiterite, and Kakanga in the village of Manyota for cassiterite and gold.
912:
763:"Loi organique n° 08/016 du 07 octobre 2008 portant composition, organisation et fonctionnement des Entités Territoriales Décentralisées et leurs rapports avec l'Etat et les Provinces"
641:"Rapport final des consultations participatives de la base pour l'élaboration du Document de Stratégies de Réduction de la Pauvreté (DSRP) Territoire de MWENGA - Province du Sud Kivu"
586:(Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda) fighters in Kagulu, a location situated between Isopo and Kamituga in the Bashimwenda groupement within the Basile Chiefdom.
607:
153:
30:
262:
chiefs play key roles in the composition, organization, and operation of the chiefdom. They also maintain crucial relationships with the State and provincial authorities.
1050:
612:
75:
787:
640:
563:
362:, among which the prominent ones include Kikuzi, Lulimunyu, Kyoka, Lushiga, Kilimata, Mwana, Kasitenge, Bilahile, Kizumbe, Namusindiki, and Zalya. These
173:
737:
63:
387:
185:
583:
1025:
913:"Sud-Kivu: "l'exploitation illicite des minerais ne concerne pas Wamuzimu seul mais tout le territoire de Mwenga" Laban Kyalangalilwa"
848:
Internally
Displaced and War-affected Civilians in South Kivu Province, Congo/Zaire: An Analysis of Humanitarian and Political Issues
434:
ranging between 1600 and 2200 mm per year. In the western part, the temperatures are high, while the eastern part enjoys a
762:
725:(in French). Contributor: Denis Malasi Ngandu-Myango. Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo: Éditions Baobab. p. 32.
789:
Annexes a la loi portant adoption de la repartition des sieges par circonscription electorale pour les elections legislatives
828:
Les Warega et les
Wabembe Une extraordinaire culture sociale et une Ă©tonnante civilisation sans Ă©criture en Afrique centrale
226:. Besides the Lega people, the Basile Chiefdom also accommodates migrant populations from neighboring areas, including the
450:, often referred to as critical rains. The wind blows hot and humid, sweeping from east to west, and from south to north.
639:
Wassomukokya, François; Mukungilwa, Bitondo; Muteleka, Cyprien; Mutimanwa, Jean Michel; Kasese, Richard
Minyota (2004).
1075:
800:
1009:
982:
896:
541:
operates in locations such as
Lubyolo, Kikindi, Zombe, and Mwana, focusing on the extraction of cassiterite and gold.
520:
operates three quarries in the villages of Itabi, Lukatu, and
Makalapongo, where gold and cassiterite are extracted.
165:
56:
567:
the grandson of the honored resistant leader Kalenga Kishinga, assumed leadership of the newly formed Chiefdom.
478:
to be washed deeper into the ground. Beneath the chiefdom's surface lies a diverse range of minerals, including
548:
engages in mining activities in areas like Powe and Kyunga, extracting minerals such as cassiterite and coltan.
402:. Water sources are integral to the daily life of the chiefdom as they support a variety of activities such as
862:
Mushagalusa, Gustave Nachigera; Katcho, Karume; Ndusha, Bintu; Ayagirwe, Rodrigue B. B. (November 15, 2017).
1001:
Natural Resources and Local Livelihoods in the Great Lakes Region of Africa: A Political Economy Perspective
938:
943:(in French). Brussels, Belgium: Centre de recherche et d'information socio-politiques. pp. 291–292.
846:
863:
786:"Annexe IV: De la repartition des sieges pour l'election des conseillers de secteur ou de chefferie".
446:, which spans around nine months, from September to May. The onset of the rainy season is heralded by
534:
conducts mining operations in Kakulu village for cassiterite and in Kishingu village for cassiterite.
427:
871:. Wageningen, Netherlands: Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation (CTA). p. 5.
208:
95:
974:
Understanding Obstacles to Peace: Actors, Interests, and Strategies in Africa's Great Lakes Region
888:
Convincing Rebel Fighters to Disarm: UN Information Operations in the Democratic Republic of Congo
1051:"Sud-Kivu : les FDLR attaquent une carrière près de Kamituga, 2 morts et plusieurs disparus"
494:. These minerals play a crucial role in the region's geological makeup and provide a chance for
1106:
575:
Since 1996, the Basile Chiefdom has been plagued by ongoing conflict and insecurity due to the
1116:
438:
due to the moderating effect of altitude. The chiefdom experiences two distinct seasons. The
865:
Building the evidence base on the agricultural nutrition nexus: Democratic Republic of Congo
589:
On August 12, 2011, the FDLR attacked the Lukatu quarry, located 35 kilometers northeast of
1121:
342:, which encompasses two-thirds of its land. The remaining portion is adorned with verdant
8:
1111:
471:
375:
212:
111:
318:
The Basile Chiefdom is situated in the eastern region of the DRC, sharing borders with
177:
132:
960:(in French). Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo: Éditions Baobab. p. 191.
1005:
978:
892:
435:
227:
181:
738:"Mwenga : La chefferie de Basile revoit son plan de développement 2012 – 2027"
463:
423:
419:
367:
231:
196:
157:
80:
582:
In July 2010, approximately sixty people were reportedly taken hostage by alleged
999:
972:
955:
886:
720:
576:
391:
169:
145:
122:
383:
1100:
826:
700:
558:
363:
339:
200:
678:
483:
403:
395:
258:. Similarly, each village is led by a customary chief. These village and
216:
192:
638:
598:
deployment of soldiers trained in the regiments to their jurisdiction.
491:
443:
439:
399:
371:
161:
68:
557:
The establishment of the Basile Chiefdom dates back to the arrival of
195:, who form the major ethnic group within its boundaries. Serving as a
1026:"Bukavu : une soixantaine de personnes prises en otage Ă Kagulu"
343:
223:
102:
513:, cassiterite mining takes place in the village of Kakanga-Kigalama.
246:(groupings or groups), which are further subdivided into eighty-two
590:
467:
431:
1004:. London, United Kingdom: Palgrave Macmillan UK. pp. 35–38.
917:
Reporter les infos en toute indépendance et avec professionalisme
475:
458:
The area is marked by volcanic-derived soil originating from the
407:
335:
323:
219:
861:
851:. Arlington, Virginia: U.S. Committee for Refugees. p. 22.
495:
487:
459:
379:
355:
331:
319:
107:
834:(in French). Brussels, Belgium: Paul Safiannikoff. p. 85.
708:(in French). Brussels, Belgium: Paul Safiannikoff. p. 7.
608:
Chiefdoms and sectors of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
359:
204:
199:
structure for their community, the chiefdom is overseen by a
613:
List of territories of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
479:
447:
327:
242:
Administratively, the Basile Chiefdom is divided into ten
647:(in French). Austin, Texas, United States. pp. 33–40
501:
Mineral extraction activities are organized into various
466:-Kadubo plateau. This natural soil is inherently rich in
16:
Chiefdom in South Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
326:. It is known for its diverse terrain, which includes
977:. Kampala, Uganda: Fountain Publishers. p. 108.
354:The chiefdom is watered by the presence of several
1098:
998:Ansoms, A.; Marysse, S., eds. (March 23, 2011).
191:The chiefdom is predominantly inhabited by the
254:is governed by a customary chief known as the
997:
825:Safiannikoff, Alexandre (January 16, 2022).
824:
699:Safiannikoff, Alexandre (January 16, 2022).
698:
470:, but it has been depleted due to extensive
891:. Berlin, Germany: De Gruyter. p. 33.
418:The Basile Chiefdom, along with the entire
374:brings a temporary and seasonal network of
237:
1076:"Sud-Kivu: 5 personnes égorgées à Mukono"
936:
885:Jacob, Jacob Udo-Udo (November 7, 2016).
953:
718:
562:Longange Mpaga, who took control of the
844:
1099:
970:
957:Les grâces divines: Une autobiographie
722:Les grâces divines: Une autobiographie
394:in the area implies the potential for
954:Itangaza, Mubangu (August 15, 2021).
884:
880:
878:
735:
719:Itangaza, Mubangu (August 15, 2021).
673:
671:
669:
667:
665:
663:
661:
634:
632:
630:
628:
570:
176:to the west, and is bounded by the
13:
875:
799:. pp. 368–369. Archived from
736:libre, Le souverain (2023-02-07).
370:for the region. Incidentally, the
168:(DRC). It shares borders with the
14:
1133:
658:
625:
505:(groupings) within the chiefdom:
386:in the northwest, notably in the
971:Baregu, Mwesiga Laurent (2011).
679:"A PROPOS – CHEFFERIE DE BASILE"
166:Democratic Republic of the Congo
57:Democratic Republic of the Congo
49:
1068:
1043:
1018:
991:
964:
947:
930:
905:
855:
838:
818:
779:
755:
729:
712:
692:
265:
1:
940:Rebellions au Congo: Volume 2
645:University of Texas Libraries
618:
390:. The considerable number of
366:provide a critical source of
184:to the north, as well as the
594:in the Balobola groupement.
349:
313:
7:
601:
430:, characterized by copious
382:. These rivers also act as
296:Basimwenda (Bashimwenda) II
10:
1138:
937:Verhaegen, Benoît (1966).
552:
453:
413:
293:Basimwenda (Bashimwenda) I
290:Basilubanda (Bashilubanda)
845:Bedford, Eleanor (1997).
702:LES WAREGA ET LES WABEMBE
276:of Basile Chiefdom were:
128:
118:
101:
91:
86:
74:
62:
44:
37:
28:
21:
814:– via www.ceni.cd.
96:Kalenga Riziki Lwango II
1082:(in French). 2011-09-29
1057:(in French). 2011-08-12
1032:(in French). 2010-07-28
919:(in French). 2021-09-07
238:Administrative division
299:Basitonga (Bashitonga)
516:The Bashimwenda Mayu
462:found throughout the
806:on 20 September 2018
496:mineral exploitation
410:, and domestic use.
474:, which causes the
428:humid tropical zone
422:, is situated in a
162:South Kivu Province
150:Chefferie de Basile
39:Chefferie de Basile
742:Le Souverain Libre
537:The Bashimwenda I
509:In the Bizalugulu
256:chef de groupement
213:resolves conflicts
201:traditional leader
178:Shabunda Territory
92: • Mwami
571:Security problems
564:Wamuzimu Chiefdom
344:grassy vegetation
250:(villages). Each
228:Walungu Territory
182:Walungu Territory
174:Wamuzimu Chiefdom
172:to the east, the
138:
137:
129:National language
119:Official language
1129:
1091:
1090:
1088:
1087:
1072:
1066:
1065:
1063:
1062:
1047:
1041:
1040:
1038:
1037:
1022:
1016:
1015:
995:
989:
988:
968:
962:
961:
951:
945:
944:
934:
928:
927:
925:
924:
909:
903:
902:
882:
873:
872:
870:
859:
853:
852:
842:
836:
835:
833:
822:
816:
815:
813:
811:
805:
794:
783:
777:
776:
774:
773:
759:
753:
752:
750:
749:
733:
727:
726:
716:
710:
709:
707:
696:
690:
689:
687:
686:
675:
656:
655:
653:
652:
636:
559:Belgian settlers
530:The Basilubanda
476:mineral elements
420:Mwenga Territory
232:Kabare Territory
215:, and preserves
207:, who maintains
197:local governance
158:Mwenga Territory
81:Mwenga Territory
55:
53:
52:
19:
18:
1137:
1136:
1132:
1131:
1130:
1128:
1127:
1126:
1097:
1096:
1095:
1094:
1085:
1083:
1074:
1073:
1069:
1060:
1058:
1049:
1048:
1044:
1035:
1033:
1024:
1023:
1019:
1012:
996:
992:
985:
969:
965:
952:
948:
935:
931:
922:
920:
911:
910:
906:
899:
883:
876:
868:
860:
856:
843:
839:
831:
823:
819:
809:
807:
803:
792:
785:
784:
780:
771:
769:
761:
760:
756:
747:
745:
734:
730:
717:
713:
705:
697:
693:
684:
682:
677:
676:
659:
650:
648:
637:
626:
621:
604:
577:First Congo War
573:
555:
456:
416:
400:thermal springs
392:water resources
384:natural borders
352:
316:
311:
270:
240:
170:Luindi Chiefdom
156:located in the
142:Basile Chiefdom
50:
48:
33:
24:
23:Basile Chiefdom
17:
12:
11:
5:
1135:
1125:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1093:
1092:
1067:
1042:
1017:
1010:
990:
983:
963:
946:
929:
904:
897:
874:
854:
837:
817:
778:
767:www.leganet.cd
754:
728:
711:
691:
657:
623:
622:
620:
617:
616:
615:
610:
603:
600:
572:
569:
554:
551:
550:
549:
542:
535:
528:
521:
514:
455:
452:
448:heavy rainfall
436:milder climate
415:
412:
388:Itombwe sector
351:
348:
315:
312:
310:
309:
306:
303:
300:
297:
294:
291:
288:
285:
282:
278:
269:
264:
239:
236:
188:to the south.
186:Itombwe Sector
136:
135:
130:
126:
125:
120:
116:
115:
105:
99:
98:
93:
89:
88:
84:
83:
78:
72:
71:
66:
60:
59:
46:
42:
41:
35:
34:
29:
26:
25:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1134:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1107:Kivu conflict
1105:
1104:
1102:
1081:
1077:
1071:
1056:
1052:
1046:
1031:
1027:
1021:
1013:
1011:9780230304994
1007:
1003:
1002:
994:
986:
984:9789970250363
980:
976:
975:
967:
959:
958:
950:
942:
941:
933:
918:
914:
908:
900:
898:9783110471892
894:
890:
889:
881:
879:
867:
866:
858:
850:
849:
841:
830:
829:
821:
802:
798:
795:(in French).
791:
790:
782:
768:
764:
758:
743:
739:
732:
724:
723:
715:
704:
703:
695:
680:
674:
672:
670:
668:
666:
664:
662:
646:
642:
635:
633:
631:
629:
624:
614:
611:
609:
606:
605:
599:
595:
592:
587:
585:
580:
578:
568:
565:
560:
547:
543:
540:
536:
533:
529:
526:
522:
519:
515:
512:
508:
507:
506:
504:
499:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
461:
451:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
425:
421:
411:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
389:
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
347:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
321:
307:
304:
301:
298:
295:
292:
289:
286:
283:
280:
279:
277:
275:
268:
263:
261:
257:
253:
249:
245:
235:
233:
229:
225:
221:
218:
214:
210:
209:law and order
206:
203:known as the
202:
198:
194:
189:
187:
183:
179:
175:
171:
167:
163:
159:
155:
151:
147:
143:
134:
131:
127:
124:
121:
117:
113:
109:
106:
104:
100:
97:
94:
90:
85:
82:
79:
77:
73:
70:
67:
65:
61:
58:
47:
43:
40:
36:
32:
27:
20:
1117:Congo Crisis
1084:. Retrieved
1079:
1070:
1059:. Retrieved
1054:
1045:
1034:. Retrieved
1029:
1020:
1000:
993:
973:
966:
956:
949:
939:
932:
921:. Retrieved
916:
907:
887:
864:
857:
847:
840:
827:
820:
808:. Retrieved
801:the original
788:
781:
770:. Retrieved
766:
757:
746:. Retrieved
741:
731:
721:
714:
701:
694:
683:. Retrieved
649:. Retrieved
644:
596:
588:
581:
574:
556:
545:
544:The Bawanda
538:
531:
524:
523:The Batumba
517:
510:
502:
500:
457:
444:rainy season
417:
398:, including
372:rainy season
364:water bodies
353:
340:forest cover
317:
273:
272:In 2018 the
271:
266:
259:
255:
251:
247:
243:
241:
190:
149:
141:
139:
38:
1122:Congo River
1080:Radio Okapi
1055:Radio Okapi
1030:Radio Okapi
744:(in French)
681:(in French)
503:groupements
484:cassiterite
404:agriculture
396:groundwater
274:groupements
267:Groupements
260:groupements
244:groupements
193:Lega people
1112:South Kivu
1101:Categories
1086:2023-07-05
1061:2023-07-05
1036:2023-07-05
923:2023-07-05
772:2023-07-05
748:2023-07-05
685:2023-07-05
651:2023-07-05
619:References
546:groupement
539:groupement
532:groupement
525:groupement
518:groupement
511:groupement
440:dry season
328:lush hills
308:Bizalugulu
252:groupement
224:traditions
87:Government
69:South Kivu
468:nutrients
368:hydration
350:Hydrology
314:Geography
281:Babulinzi
248:localités
133:Kiswahili
103:Time zone
76:Territory
602:See also
591:Kamituga
472:leaching
432:rainfall
376:channels
336:plateaus
284:Balobola
154:chiefdom
64:Province
31:Chiefdom
553:History
492:wolfram
454:Geology
414:Climate
408:fishing
380:ravines
356:streams
332:valleys
324:Burundi
305:Bawanda
302:Batumba
287:Bamunda
220:customs
164:in the
152:) is a
45:Country
1008:
981:
895:
810:6 July
490:, and
488:coltan
464:Mwenga
460:basalt
360:rivers
334:, and
320:Rwanda
146:French
123:French
54:
869:(PDF)
832:(PDF)
804:(PDF)
793:(PDF)
706:(PDF)
205:Mwami
108:UTC+2
1006:ISBN
979:ISBN
893:ISBN
812:2023
797:CENI
584:FDLR
480:gold
426:and
378:and
358:and
322:and
230:and
222:and
217:Lega
180:and
140:The
424:hot
160:of
112:CAT
1103::
1078:.
1053:.
1028:.
915:.
877:^
765:.
740:.
660:^
643:.
627:^
498:.
486:,
482:,
406:,
346:.
330:,
234:.
211:,
148::
1089:.
1064:.
1039:.
1014:.
987:.
926:.
901:.
775:.
751:.
688:.
654:.
144:(
114:)
110:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.