689:
present. The idea that textile lattice structures made of high-performance threads for constructional reinforcement could open up completely new possibilities in construction was the starting point for today's large research network. Textile reinforcements in concrete construction - basic research and applications. As a novelty, parallel applications to the research with the required approvals in individual cases, such as the world's first textile reinforced concrete bridges and the upgrading of shell structures with the thinnest layers of textile concrete, are reported.
1899:
1909:
43:. Basalts are rocks of igneous origin. The main energy consumption for the preparation of basalt raw materials to produce of fibers is made in natural conditions. Basalt fibers are classified into 3 types: Basalt continuous fibers (BCF), used for the production of reinforcing materials and composite products, fabrics, and non-woven materials; Basalt staple fibers, for the production of
98:(CNG) cylinders or pipes. The thickest fiber is used for pultrusion, geogrid, unidirectional fabric, multiaxial fabric production and in form of chopped strand for concrete reinforcement. One of the most prospective applications for continuous basalt fiber and the most modern trend at the moment is production of basalt rebar that more and more substitutes traditional steel
63:
Basalt fiber is made from a single material, crushed basalt, from a carefully chosen quarry source. Basalt of high acidity (over 46% silica content) and low iron content is considered desirable for fiber production. Unlike with other composites, such as glass fiber, essentially no materials are added
764:
Since
October 18, 2017, JV 297.1325800.2017 "Fibreconcrete constructions with nonmetallic fiber has been put into operation. Design rules, "which eliminated the legal vacuum in the design of basalt reinforced fiber reinforced concrete. According to paragraph 1.1. the standard extends to all types of
675:
RWTH Aachen
University. Every two year RWTH Aachen University's Institut fĂĽr Textiltechnik hosts the International Glass Fibers Symposium where basalt fiber is devoted a separate section. The university conducts regular research to study and improve basalt fiber properties. Textile concrete is also
688:
The
Technical University of Dresden had contributed in the studying of basalt fibers. Textile reinforcements in concrete construction - basic research and applications. The Peter Offermann covers the range from the beginning of fundamental research work at the TU Dresden in the early 90s to the
692:
University of
Applied Sciences Regensburg, Department of Mechanical Engineering. Mechanical characterization of basalt fibre reinforced plastic with different fabric reinforcements – Tensile tests and FE-calculations with representative volume elements (RVEs). Marco Romano, Ingo
59:
The technology of production of basalt continuous fiber (BCF) is a one-stage process: melting, homogenization of basalt and extraction of fibers. Basalt is heated only once. Further processing of BCF into materials is carried out using "cold technologies" with low energy costs.
765:
non-metallic fibers (polymers, polypropylene, glass, basalt and carbon). When comparing different fibers, it can be noted that polymer fibers are inferior to mineral strengths, but their use makes it possible to improve the characteristics of building composites.
676:
more corrosion-resistant and more malleable than conventional concrete. Replacement of carbon fibers with basalt fibers can significantly enhance the application fields of the innovative composite material that is textile concrete, says
Andreas Koch.
1229:
DIN EN 2559 – Luft- und
Raumfahrt – Kohlenstoffaser-Prepregs – Bestimmung des Harz- und Fasermasseanteils und der flächenbezogenen Fasermasse. Normenstelle Luftfahrt (NL) im DIN Deutsches Institut für Normung e.V., Beuth Verlag, Berlin,
1082:
Ibrahim, Arafa M.A; Fahmy, Mohamed F.M; Wu, Zhishen (2016). "3D finite element modeling of bond-controlled behavior of steel and basalt FRP-reinforced concrete square bridge columns under lateral loading".
1226:
Bericht 2004-1535 – Prüfung eines Sitzes nach BS 5852:1990 section 5 – ignition source crib 7, für die Fa. Franz Kiel gmbh&Co. KG. Siemens AG, A&D SP, Frankfurt am Main, (2004).
1336:
1307:• Osnos S, Osnos M, «BCF: developing industrial production for reinforcement materials and composites». JEC Composites magazine / N° 139 March - April 2021, p.19 – 24.
834:
94:. Thin fiber is usually used for textile applications mainly for production of woven fabric. Thicker fiber is used in filament winding, for example, for production of
110:
The table refers to the continuous basalt fiber specific producer. Data from all the manufacturers are different, the difference is sometimes very large values.
67:
The manufacture of basalt fiber requires the melting of the crushed and washed basalt rock at about 1,500 °C (2,730 °F). The molten rock is then
1156:
B. Jungbauer, M. Romano, I. Ehrlich, Bachelorthesis, University of
Applied Sciences Regensburg, Laboratory of Composite Technology, Regensburg, (2012).
1310:• Osnos S., Rozhkov I. «Application of basalt rock-based materials in the automotive industry». JEC Composites magazine / N° 147, 2022, p. 33 – 36.
1189:
291:
1057:
225:
1853:
666:
and aerospace applications. Since declassification in 1995 basalt fibers have been used in a wider range of civilian applications.
810:"Research surveys for basalt rock quarries | Basalt Projects Inc. | Engineering continuous basalt fiber and CBF-based composites"
1281:
L. Papula, Mathematische
Formelsammlung fĂĽr Naturwissenschaftler und Ingenieure. 10. Auflage, Vieweg+Teubner, Wiesbaden, (2009).
849:
1217:
E. Lauterborn, Dokumentation
Ultraschalluntersuchung EingangsprĂĽfung, Internal Report wiweb Erding, Erding,bOctober (2011).
1300:
The influence of different types of fabrics on the fibre volume content and porosity in basalt fibre reinforced plastics
1389:
1319:
1342:
899:
78:
which is far enough above the respiratory limit of 5 ÎĽm to make basalt fiber a suitable replacement for
1938:
874:
17:
1220:
K. Moser, Faser-Kunststoff-Verbund – Entwurfs- und
Berechnungsgrundlagen. VDI-Verlag, DĂĽsseldorf, (1992).
1138:, G. Tutz, Statistik – Der Weg zur Datenanalyse. 5. Auflage, Springer-Verlag, Berlin/Heidelberg, (2005).
1943:
1948:
1298:
Schmid, Vinzent; Jungbauer, Bastian; Romano, Marco; Ehrlich, Ingo; Gebbeken, Norbert (June 2012).
1912:
95:
1147:(the main work is the book "Konstruieren mit Faser-Kunststoff-Verbunden" of Helmut SchĂĽrmann)
47:
materials; and Basalt superthin fibers (BSTF), for the production of high quality heat- and
1740:
1702:
1382:
1061:
987:
1165:
976:"Bonding Properties of Basalt Fiber and Strength Reduction According to Fiber Orientation"
8:
1715:
1598:
1033:
991:
1270:
1010:
975:
44:
1223:
N. K. Naik, Woven Fabric Composites. Technomic Publishing Co., Lancaster (PA), (1994).
1710:
1679:
1500:
1274:
1096:
1015:
488:
180:
87:
1236:
Quality Certificates for Fabrics and Rovings. Incotelogy Ltd., Bonn, January (2012).
835:"Basalt fibra: from earth an ancient material for innovative and modern application"
682:
The Institute for Lightweight Design Materials Science at the University of Hannover
1262:
1233:
Epoxidharz L, Härter L – Technische Daten. Technical Data Sheet by R&G, (2011).
1092:
1005:
995:
954:
193:
173:
48:
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1725:
1687:
1480:
1375:
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942:
186:
83:
1633:
1773:
1578:
1433:
774:
1330:
1325:
646:
1927:
1791:
1763:
1750:
1648:
1563:
1406:
1352:
1266:
641:
466:
1783:
1347:
1848:
1838:
1543:
1535:
1363:
Video demonstration of production of continuous basalt fiber at Kamenny Vek
1019:
779:
749:
Pultruded rebar for concrete reinforcement (e.g. for bridges and buildings)
659:
651:
399:
376:
353:
809:
74:
The basalt fibers typically have a filament diameter of between 10 and 20
1758:
1623:
1608:
1548:
1505:
1438:
1333:
Video demonstration of concrete construction reinforced with basalt fiber
1135:
1358:
Some aspects of the technological process of continuous basalt fiber CBF
1828:
1823:
1692:
1558:
1525:
1490:
1415:
1357:
789:
784:
75:
71:
through small nozzles to produce continuous filaments of basalt fiber.
1730:
1670:
1253:
Ozgen, Banu; Gong, Hugh (May 2011). "Yarn geometry in woven fabrics".
1034:"Some aspects of the technological process of continuous basalt fiber"
1000:
1843:
1638:
1573:
68:
64:
during its production. The basalt is simply washed and then melted.
1811:
1656:
1588:
663:
79:
1423:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1720:
1428:
1362:
1240:
Nolf, Jean Marie (2003). "Basalt Fibres-Fire Blocking Textiles".
313:
269:
247:
166:
1495:
1875:
1806:
1801:
1796:
1618:
1603:
1593:
1568:
1553:
1515:
1448:
1176:
943:"Mechanical behavior of basalt fibers in a basalt-UP composite"
655:
445:
422:
333:
36:
1880:
1833:
1816:
1735:
1520:
1510:
1485:
1463:
1453:
1398:
1353:
Extruded Acrylic Sheet - Excellent Thermoforming Capabilities
203:
99:
91:
40:
1297:
923:
640:
The first attempts to produce basalt fiber were made in the
1628:
1613:
1583:
1475:
1470:
1458:
1443:
1322:
Information from the Uzbekistan state scientific committee
1285:
Saravanan, D. (2006). "Spinning the rocks-basalt fibres".
1367:
1348:
Product range of Basfiber products offered by Kamenny Vek
1343:
Compressive behavior of Basalt Fiber Reinforced Composite
1326:
Basalt Continuous Fiber - Information and Characteristics
1110:
679:
The Institute for Lightweight Design at the TU Berlin
940:
924:"Basalt Fibers from continuous-filament basalt rock"
746:
High pressure vessels (e.g. tanks and gas cylinders)
1117:(in Russian, English, German, Korean, and Japanese)
941:Soares, B.; Preto, R.; Sousa, L.; Reis, L. (2016).
39:rocks by melting them and converting the melt into
1339:Comparing the technologies used in CBF production
1190:"Neuvokas raises the bar on manufacture of rebar"
1925:
1302:. Applied Research Conference. pp. 162–165.
685:The German Plastics Institute (DKI) in Darmstadt
974:Choi, Jeong-Il; Lee, Bang (30 September 2015).
1081:
1383:
875:"Composites: Higher Properties, Lower Cost"
1390:
1376:
151:2.67 g/cm (0.096 lb/cu in)
1337:Generation 2.0 of Continuous Basalt Fiber
1284:
1252:
1187:
1009:
999:
958:
743:Chopped strand for concrete reinforcement
29:Structural fibres spun from melted basalt
1181:
832:
135:85–87 GPa (12,300–12,600 ksi)
54:
973:
14:
1926:
900:"Basalt Fibers: Alternative To Glass?"
1371:
872:
650:. These were further developed after
1908:
1239:
1188:Henderson, Tom (December 10, 2016).
897:
644:in 1923 by Paul Dhe who was granted
127:2.8–3.1 GPa (410–450 ksi)
24:
25:
1960:
1313:
1907:
1898:
1897:
1097:10.1016/j.compstruct.2016.01.014
615:1,345 MPa (195.1 ksi)
601:1,113 MPa (161.4 ksi)
1320:The production of basalt fibers
1211:
1170:
1159:
1150:
1141:
1128:
1103:
1075:
842:Energia, Ambiente e Innovazione
754:
1050:
1026:
967:
934:
916:
891:
866:
826:
802:
629:2,100 MPa (300 ksi)
609:47.5 GPa (6,890 ksi)
595:48.1 GPa (6,980 ksi)
581:200 GPa (29,000 ksi)
567:200 GPa (29,000 ksi)
553:200 GPa (29,000 ksi)
13:
1:
947:Procedia Structural Integrity
873:Schut, Jan H. (August 2008).
795:
623:91 GPa (13,200 ksi)
587:625 MPa (90.6 ksi)
105:
960:10.1016/j.prostr.2016.02.012
556:375 MPa (54.4 ksi)
7:
768:
573:550 MPa (80 ksi)
559:560 MPa (81 ksi)
10:
1965:
1397:
1134:L. Fahrmeir, R. KĂĽnstler,
898:Ross, Anne (August 2006).
669:
654:by researchers in the US,
635:
584:400 MPa (58 ksi)
570:360 MPa (52 ksi)
1893:
1782:
1749:
1701:
1678:
1669:
1647:
1534:
1414:
1405:
1058:"Basalt Continuous Fiber"
759:
564:10-mm-diameter steel bars
550:13-mm-diameter steel bars
51:and fireproof materials.
1267:10.1177/0040517510388550
1255:Textile Research Journal
1194:Crain's Detroit Business
833:De Fazio, Piero (2011).
740:Absorbent for oil spills
592:10-mm-diameter BFRP bars
578:6-mm-diameter steel bars
102:on construction market.
82:. They also have a high
1242:Technical Usage Textile
1166:Albarrie - BASALT FIBER
904:www.compositesworld.com
848:: 89–96. Archived from
737:CNG cylinders and pipes
697:
606:6-mm-diameter BFRP bars
545:Tensile strength (fu)
96:compressed natural gas
734:Load bearing profiles
647:U.S. patent 1,462,446
90:—three times that of
55:Manufacturing process
1085:Composite Structures
86:, resulting in high
1939:Composite materials
992:2015Mate....8.6719C
814:Basalt Projects Inc
539:Elastic modulus (E)
140:Elongation at break
1331:Basalt Roving Dome
1038:novitsky1.narod.ru
707:Friction materials
45:thermal insulation
35:are produced from
1944:Insulation fibers
1921:
1920:
1889:
1888:
1665:
1664:
1287:IE (I) Journal-TX
1001:10.3390/ma8105335
986:(10): 6719–6727.
633:
632:
542:Yield stress (fy)
529:
528:
489:Polyacrylonitrile
181:Specific strength
155:
154:
88:specific strength
16:(Redirected from
1956:
1949:Synthetic fibers
1911:
1910:
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1126:
1125:
1123:
1122:
1107:
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1079:
1073:
1072:
1070:
1069:
1060:. Archived from
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1024:
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728:Cavity wall ties
722:Sports equipment
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710:Windmill blades
704:Heat protection
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662:especially for
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638:
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187:Elastic modulus
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132:Elastic modulus
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84:elastic modulus
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1064:on 2009-11-03
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855:on 2021-09-18
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725:Speaker cones
724:
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536:Material type
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467:Polypropylene
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34:
33:Basalt fibers
27:
19:
1849:Polyethylene
1768:
1309:
1306:
1299:
1290:
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1258:
1254:
1245:
1241:
1212:Bibliography
1197:. Retrieved
1193:
1183:
1172:
1161:
1152:
1143:
1130:
1119:. Retrieved
1115:basfiber.com
1114:
1105:
1088:
1084:
1077:
1066:. Retrieved
1062:the original
1052:
1041:. Retrieved
1037:
1028:
983:
979:
969:
950:
946:
936:
927:
918:
907:. Retrieved
903:
893:
882:. Retrieved
878:
868:
857:. Retrieved
850:the original
845:
841:
828:
817:. Retrieved
813:
804:
780:Mineral wool
763:
755:Design codes
660:Soviet Union
652:World War II
639:
530:
510:Basalt fiber
400:Carbon fiber
377:Carbon fiber
354:Carbon fiber
324:0.0954-0.191
157:Comparison:
156:
109:
73:
66:
62:
58:
32:
31:
26:
18:Basalt fibre
1680:Regenerated
1624:Spider silk
1248:(3): 38–42.
1199:17 December
775:Pele's hair
499:0.424-0.771
477:0.297-0.714
321:0.206-0.412
1928:Categories
1829:Modacrylic
1824:Microfiber
1741:Triacetate
1693:Milk fiber
1559:Camel hair
1491:Lotus silk
1121:2018-06-21
1068:2009-12-29
1043:2018-06-21
909:2017-12-10
884:2017-12-10
859:2021-09-08
819:2017-12-10
796:References
790:Beta cloth
785:Glass wool
719:Car bodies
716:Ship hulls
713:Lamp posts
620:BFRP sheet
525:32.1-32.8
106:Properties
1844:Polyester
1716:Diacetate
1671:Synthetic
1574:Chiengora
1275:138546738
1136:I. Pigeot
1091:: 33–52.
980:Materials
953:: 82–89.
519:1.09-1.17
496:0.50-0.91
474:0.27-0.65
292:S-2 glass
194:Specific
163:Material
1903:Category
1812:Technora
1774:Metallic
1657:Asbestos
1599:Pashmina
1564:Cashmere
1293:: 39–45.
1177:Neuvokas
1020:28793595
769:See also
693:Ehrlich.
664:military
658:and the
379:(medium)
116:Property
80:asbestos
69:extruded
1913:Commons
1871:Vinylon
1866:Vectran
1861:Spandex
1792:Acrylic
1784:Polymer
1751:Mineral
1731:Piñatex
1721:Lyocell
1711:Acetate
1649:Mineral
1579:Guanaco
1429:Bagasse
1407:Natural
1230:(1997).
1011:5455386
988:Bibcode
670:Schools
636:History
516:2.9-3.1
402:(small)
356:(large)
314:Silicon
270:E-glass
248:C-glass
226:A-glass
196:modulus
170:(g/cm)
167:Density
148:Density
1934:Basalt
1876:Vinyon
1854:UHMWPE
1839:Olefin
1807:Kevlar
1802:Twaron
1797:Aramid
1769:Basalt
1764:Carbon
1634:Vicuña
1619:Tendon
1609:Rabbit
1604:Qiviut
1594:Mohair
1569:Catgut
1554:Byssus
1549:Angora
1544:Alpaca
1536:Animal
1516:Rattan
1506:Raffia
1449:Cotton
1434:Bamboo
1399:Fibers
1273:
1018:
1008:
760:Russia
656:Europe
446:Kevlar
423:Kevlar
341:0.3438
334:Quartz
214:0.0637
202:Steel
190:(GPa)
177:(GPa)
143:3.15%
119:Value
41:fibers
37:basalt
1881:Zylon
1834:Nylon
1817:Nomex
1759:Glass
1736:Rayon
1726:Modal
1589:Llama
1521:Sisal
1511:Ramie
1486:Kenaf
1481:Kapok
1464:Linen
1454:Fique
1439:BashĹŤ
1424:Abacá
1416:Plant
1271:S2CID
853:(PDF)
838:(PDF)
731:Rebar
522:85-87
505:63.6
483:41.8
448:K-149
440:28.7
344:0.156
286:29.2
280:0.962
236:0.854
220:26.8
204:rebar
100:rebar
92:steel
1629:Wool
1614:Silk
1584:Hair
1526:Wood
1501:Pine
1496:Piña
1476:Jute
1471:Hemp
1459:Flax
1444:Coir
1201:2018
1016:PMID
698:Uses
513:2.65
493:1.18
471:0.91
457:2.37
454:3.48
451:1.47
437:41.4
434:2.51
431:3.62
428:1.44
425:K-29
417:165
411:3.45
408:6.21
405:1.80
394:134
388:2.83
385:5.10
382:1.80
371:131
365:2.08
362:3.62
359:1.74
318:2.16
302:1.94
299:4.83
296:2.49
274:2.60
258:1.02
252:2.46
230:2.46
208:7.85
1639:Yak
1263:doi
1093:doi
1089:143
1006:PMC
996:doi
955:doi
414:297
391:241
368:228
338:2.2
308:39
277:2.5
264:28
255:2.5
242:28
233:2.1
217:210
211:0.5
1930::
1291:86
1289:.
1269:.
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994:.
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902:.
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812:.
502:75
480:38
305:97
283:76
261:69
239:69
76:ÎĽm
1391:e
1384:t
1377:v
1277:.
1265::
1203:.
1124:.
1099:.
1095::
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1046:.
1022:.
998::
990::
984:8
963:.
957::
951:1
930:.
912:.
887:.
862:.
846:3
822:.
626:-
612:-
598:-
20:)
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