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49:. Musical bows have flexible ends, stick zithers are rigid or have only one flexed end. Bar zithers, whether musical bow or stick zithers, often have some form of resonator. Examples of resonators include the player's mouth, an attached gourd or an inflated balloon or bladder.
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Instruments may be monochords (single stringed) or polychord (multiple stinged). They may also be idiochords (string made from the bar or stick) or heterchords (string made of separate substance from the bar or stick.
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Indonesia, 20th century. Heterchord stick zither, using a gourd resonator. Example of a vertical board being use instead of a bar, called a lath-zither. Still considered bar zither.
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in the Malay
Archipelago, Madagascar and Zanzibar, the round stick is replaced by a short lath which the player holds on edge (lath-zither).
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has a stick in place of a resonating body and always needs an additional resonator, generally a gourd, sometimes the mouth of the player.
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musical bow, using his mouth for a resonator. Heterochords have strings made of a different material than the rigid part of the bow.
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270:, a stick zither from Africa. Hornbostel-Sachs didn't consider a mulitiple-string bar zither (or poly-heterochord bar zither).
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459:"Classification of Musical Instruments: Translated from the Original German by Anthony Baines and Klaus P. Wachsmann"
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Mozambique, 21st century. Man playing a heterochord musical bow, using his mouth for a resonator.
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India, 19th century. Heterochord stick zither called a
Tingadee, using gourds for resonators.
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Flanders, 16th century. European heterochord musical bow, using a bladder for a resonator.
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Lake
Arereco in Chihuahua, Mexico, 21st century. Stick zither called a "chapareque",
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musical bow with gourd resonator. Tapped with stick to play. String also vibrates
38:(stringed instrument), in which the body of the instrument is shaped like a bar.
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Belgium, 19th century. Heterochord stick zither using a bladder for a resonator.
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196:, 9th century C.E. Stone relief showing girls playing stick zither and lute.
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227:. Heterochord stick zither using a tin can for a resonator. Called a cora.
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instrument. Heterochord bar zither, using mouth for resonator.
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heterochord stick zither, which uses a gourd for a resonator.
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20th century. Stick zither, gourd resonator, heterochord.
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Bangladesh, 10th - 12th century C.E. Saraswati with an
504:. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. p. 4631.
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von
Hornbostel, Erich M.; Sachs, Curt (March 1961).
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373:form of the veena, possibly related to the modern
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425:List of chordophones by HornbostelāSachs number
483:, p.463. W. W. Nortan & Company, Inc.
41:In the system, bar zithers are made up of
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314:, a bowed stick zither played here by
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34:classification system for a type of
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502:The History of Musical Instruments
481:The History of Musical Instruments
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298:Vietnam. Goong stick zither
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463:The Galpin Society Journal
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365:. This was a one-string
173:Cambodia, 21st century.
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500:Sachs, Kurt (1940).
479:Sachs, Curt (1940).
525:Musical instruments
24:musical instruments
36:simple chordophone
16:Musical instrument
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52:According to
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30:) within the
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371:stick zither
363:ÄlÄpiį¹Ä« vÄ«į¹Ä
149:musical bow.
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62:stick-zither
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51:
46:
43:musical bows
40:
22:is class of
19:
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530:Bar zithers
375:rudra veena
367:tube zither
83:heterochord
26:(subset of
519:Categories
431:References
405:India. An
333:has frets.
331:Rudra vina
310:Tanzania.
20:Bar zither
318:musicians
194:Borobudur
175:Yoeun Mek
145:Burundi.
469:: 20ā21.
419:See also
407:Onavillu
266:Africa.
179:Kse diev
177:plays a
133:wrattle.
127:Berimbau
125:Brazil.
345:Indian
147:Umuduri
487:
225:Gambia
221:Banjul
131:caxixi
28:zither
411:Villu
391:Pinak
54:Sachs
485:ISBN
316:Gogo
312:Zeze
268:Mvet
45:and
409:or
369:or
521::
467:14
465:.
461:.
439:^
223:,
60:A
56:,
377:.
101:.
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