AC power plugs and sockets: British and related types

313:). They also require that all mains appliances for domestic use in the UK be supplied with approved BS 1363 plugs, but there is an exception for plugs fitted to shavers and toothbrushes which are normally a UK shaver plug (BS 4573) but may also be a Europlug (BS EN 50075). The regulations also contain a provision for the approval of non-BS 1363 conforming plugs when "the plugs are constructed using an alternative method of construction which provides an equivalent level of safety in respect of any risk of death or personal injury to plugs which conform to BS 1363 and is such that plugs of that type may reasonably be expected to be safe in use". Certifying bodies have used this provision by developing their own standards for novel devices, thus allowing the introduction of innovative developments; an example is the plastic ISOD (insulated shutter opening device) which was originally approved against either an ASTA Standard or the BSI PAS 003 (See NOTE) before becoming incorporated into BS 1363-1:1995 at the second amendment (AMD 14539) in 2003. 181:) in the sockets. A plug is defined in IEC 60050 as an "accessory having pins designed to engage with the contacts of a socket-outlet, also incorporating means for the electrical connection and mechanical retention of flexible cables or cords". A plug therefore does not contain components which modify the electrical output from the electrical input (except where a switch or fuse is provided as a means of disconnecting the output from input). There is an erroneous tendency to refer to power conversion devices with incorporated plug pins as plugs, but IEC 60050 refers to these as 'direct plug-in equipment' defined as "equipment in which the mains plug forms an integral part of the equipment enclosure so that the equipment is supported by the mains socket-outlet". In this article, the term 'plug' is used in the sense defined by IEC 60050. Sockets are designed to prevent exposure of bare energised contacts. 1684:

and were unpolarized (the current-carrying pins were on the same centre line as the earth pin). In 1933 an asymmetric polarized version was introduced, with line pin slightly offset from the centre line. In 1934 the dual plug system was introduced with the socket rated at 15 A and three sizes of plug, fused 2 A and 5 A plugs and a 15 A plug. The 15 A "dual plug" incorporated a socket with narrower apertures than a standard Wylex 15 A socket, that accepted only the narrow rectangular pins of the lower-rated plugs. The introduction of a 13 A fused plug, rated as 3 kW, enabled Scholes to propose their system as a possible solution for the new standard competing with the Dorman & Smith round pin solution, but it was not selected and the completely new BS 1363 design prevailed. Wylex sockets were used in

1348:

make effective and secure contact with the plug pins. There is no provision for establishing the interchangeability with any other device having plug pins incorporated, but which is not covered by BS 1363 (for example a charger or socket cover), unless that device conforms precisely to the plug pin dimensions specified. The insertion of non-compliant plugs may damage sockets. The important socket dimensions which the standard does specify are: A minimum insertion of 9.6 mm from the face of the socket-outlet to the first point of contact with a live part, a minimum distance of 9.5 mm from the line and neutral apertures to the periphery of the socket face, and not to exceed dimensions for the apertures of 7.2 mm × 4.8 mm (line and neutral) and 8.8 mm × 4.8 mm (earth).

969:

could carry (30A or 32A for a breaker), additional protection is required at each socket-plug connection. Theoretically, such protection could have been designated either within the socket or within the plug. However, to ensure that this protection has a rating matched to the appliance flexible cord fitted to the plug, a fuse rated between 1A and 13A is incorporated into each plug. The fuse in the plug would be sized to protect the flexible cord for over-current. Wired connections may also be connected to the final ring, requiring to include a suitably rated fuse and switch. The final ring circuit in the UK requires the use of BS 1363 plugs and sockets. However, the BS 1363 system is not limited to use with final ring circuits being suitable for radial circuits.

40: 905: 1312:

many UK electrical component distributors. There are also counterfeit plugs which appear to meet the standards (and are marked as such) but do not in fact comply. Legislation was introduced, with the last revision in 1994, to require plugs sold to meet the technical standard. Counterfeit products are regularly seized when found, to enforce the safety standards and to protect the approval marks and trademarks of imitated manufacturers. The pressure group PlugSafe reported in March 2014 that since August 2011 "thousands" of listings of products including illegal plugs had been removed from the UK sections of the websites

671:(A) sockets were generally given a dedicated 15 A circuit. Multiple 5 A sockets might be on a 15 A circuit, or each on a dedicated 5 A circuit. Lighting circuits fused at 5 A were generally used to feed the 2 A sockets. Adaptors were available from 15 A down to 5 A and from 5 A down to 2 A so in practice it was possible for an appliance with the smallest size of flex to be protected only by a 15 A fuse. This is a similar level of protection to that seen for portable appliances in other countries, but less than the protection offered by the BS 1363 fused plug. 539: 276:

usually parallel to the axes of the pins). Since 1934, the contacts of a socket have been specified in terms of the pins of the plug, rather than by specifying the contact dimensions. The pins of both round pin and rectangular pin plugs are arranged in a triangular fashion, the earth pin being the larger and longer pin at the apex. Earthed sockets are designed to be incompatible with two-pin plugs. Both BS 546 and BS 1363 sockets, when viewed from the front with the earth uppermost, have the line aperture at the lower right.

1596: 1267: 1486:. Similar converters are available for a variety of other plug types. Unlike a temporary travel adaptor, conversion plugs, when closed, resemble normal plugs, although larger and squarer. The non-BS 1363 plug is inserted into the contacts, and the hinged body of the conversion plug is closed and fixed shut to grip the plug. There must be an accessible fuse. Conversion plugs may be non-reusable (permanently closed) or reusable, in which case it must be impossible to open the conversion plug without using a tool. 1645: 1608: 656: 1620: 1538: 1128: 978: 1219:

ratings of 3 A, 7 A and 13 A. The current version of the fuse standard, BS 1362:1973, allows any fuse rating up to 13 A, with 3 A (coloured red) and 13 A (coloured brown) as the preferred (but not mandated) values when used in a plug. All other ratings are to be coloured black. Most common in consumer retail outlets are fuses rated 3, 5 and 13 A; Professional suppliers also commonly stock fused rated 1, 2, 7, and 10 A.

953:

inherent design of the socket-outlet." Others included flush-fitting as opposed to the 2A, 5A and 15A sockets which mainly protruded from the wall being fitted on a patress, a switch being optional, requirements for terminals, bottom entry for the cable, and contact design. The appendix added five further "points of technical detail" including requirements that plugs could not be inserted incorrectly, should be easy to withdraw, and should include a fuse.

1471: 1562: 1337: 1407: 1182:

lodged between the wall and a partly pulled out plug. The length of the sleeves prevents any live contacts from being exposed while the plug is being inserted or removed. An early method of sleeving the pins involving spring-loaded sleeves is described in the 1967 British Patent GB1067870. The method actually adopted is described in the 1972 British Patent GB1292991. Plugs with such pins were available in the 1970s; a Southern Electricity/

1424: 1526: 1550: 1195: 918: 586: 547: 664:

so earthed plugs will not fit into unearthed sockets, and vice versa. Plugs fitted with BS 546 fuses have been optional since the original BS 546:1934 with maximum fuse ratings of 2 A in the 2 A plug, and 5 A in the 5 A, 15 A and 30 A plugs. In practice most BS 546 plugs are unfused with fused versions being unusual and expensive.

1706: 1360:

pins engage, alone. Alternatively, shutters may be opened by simultaneous insertion of line and neutral pins. Some later designs require all three pins to be inserted simultaneously. The use of automatic shutters for protection dates back to at least 1927. Other countries, for example the USA, are gradually requiring their sockets to be protected by shutters.

49: 411:

ES lampholders (capacity unspecified), and also a type of two-pole concentric plug and socket (similar to a very large version of the concentric connectors used for laptop PC power connections) in the "1 to 5 lights" and "5 to 10 lights" capacities. Crompton and Company introduced the first two-pin socket with protective shutters in 1893, and the

1662:-controlled wall clocks has meant that this connector is rarely seen in new installations for clock use. However, it has found use where a low profile fused connector is required and is still available. A relatively common example of such a use is to supply power to an illuminated mirror that has limited clearance from the wall. 398: 345: 1415:

two BS 1363 plugs, must be fused. Appliances are designed not to draw more power than their plug is rated for; the use of such adaptors, and also multi-socketed extension leads, makes it possible for several appliances to be connected through a single outlet, with the potential to cause dangerous overloads.

1169:

rectangular cross section 8.0 mm by 4.0 mm, 22.3 mm long and with a centre line 22.2 mm from the line/neutral pin centre line. The dimensions were originally specified in decimal inches with asymmetric tolerances and redefined as minimum and maximum metric dimensions in BS 1363:1984.

929:, then the minister of Works and Planning, established committees to investigate problems likely to affect the post-war rebuilding of Britain. One of these, the Electrical Installations Committee, was charged with the study of all aspects of electrical installations in buildings. Amongst its members was Dame 1734:

sockets. The D&S plug suffered from a serious design fault: the line pin was a fuse which screwed into the plug body and tended to come unscrewed on its own in use. A fuse that worked loose could end up protruding from the socket, electrically live and posing a shock hazard, when the plug was removed.

1359:

BS 1363 sockets must have shutters on the line and neutral contacts to prevent the insertion of a foreign object into the socket. Many sockets use the original method of shutters opened by the earth pin (or plastic ISOD), longer than the other pins and hence opening the shutters before the other

1293:

The plug sides are shaped to improve grip and make it easier to remove the plug from a socket-outlet. The plug is polarised, so that the fuse is in the line side of the supply. The flexible cord always enters the plug from the bottom, discouraging removal by tugging on the cable, which can damage the

1202:

There are two common misconceptions about the purpose of the fuse in a BS 1363 plug: one is that it protects the appliance connected to the plug, and the other is that it protects against overloading. In fact the fuse is there to protect the flexible cord between the plug and the appliance under

1168:

BS 1363-1 specifies the dimensions of plug pins and their disposition with respect to each other in precise, absolute terms. The line and neutral pins have a rectangular cross section 6.4 mm by 4.0 mm, 17.7 mm long and with centres 22.2 mm apart. The protective-earth pin is a

1067:

February 1995: BS 1363-1:1995 "13 A plugs socket-outlets adaptors and connection units - Part 1: Specification for rewirable and non-rewirable 13 A fused plugs" published. This standard, together with BS 1363-2:1995, supersedes BS 1363:1984. The provisions of PAS 003 are

1063:

1994: A Product Approval Specification, PAS 003:1994, "Non-Rewirable 13 A Plugs with Plastic Socket Shutter Opening Pins" published. PAS 003 allowed for the design and approval of plugs without earthing intended for class II applications only. This was superseded by BS 1363-1:1995

356:

was first introduced into houses, it was primarily used for lighting. As electricity became a common method of operating labour-saving appliances, a safe means of connection to the electric system other than using a light socket was needed. According to British author John Mellanby the first plug and

262:

connection allows the exposed metal parts of the appliance to be connected to earth, providing protection to the user should those exposed parts inadvertently come into contact with any live parts within the appliance. Historically, two-pin sockets without earth were used in Britain, but their use is

1839:

lists Type D as being used in the following locations: Bangladesh, Bhutan, Botswana, Chad, DR Congo, Dominica, French Guiana, Ghana, Guadeloupe, Guyana, Hong Kong, India, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Macau, Madagascar, Maldives, Martinique, Monaco, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Niger, Nigeria, Pakistan,

1147:. The earth pin also serves to operate the basic shutter mechanism used in many sockets. Correct polarity is established by the position of the earth pin relative to the other two pins, ensuring that the line pin is connected to the correct terminal in the socket-outlet. Moulded plugs for unearthed, 1088:

May 2012: BS 1363-2:1995 +A4:2012 (Title unchanged) published. This amended standard adds a requirement that it shall not be possible to operate a shutter by the insertion of a two-pin Europlug, and introduced new temperature rise tests amongst others. BS 1363-2:1995 remained current until

952:

The main report listed eight points to consider in deciding the design of the new standard. The first of these was stated as, "To ensure the safety of young children it is of considerable importance that the contacts of the socket-outlet should be protected by shutters or other like means, or by the

572:

socket. Shaver supply units must also be current-limited; BS EN 61558-2-5 specifies a minimum rating of 20 VA and maximum of 50 VA. BS 4573 and BS EN 61558-2-5 both require sockets to be marked with the shaver symbol defined in the IEC Standard 60417-5225; the words "shavers

410:

with capacities described not in amps, but as "1 to 5 lights", "5 to 10 lights" and "10 to 20 lights". These were clearly recognisable as two-pin plugs and sockets, but with no indication as to pin size or spacing, they were sold as pairs. The same catalogue included lampholder plugs for both BC and

266:

An adaptor (in the context of plugs and sockets) is defined in IEC 60050 as "a portable accessory constructed as an integral unit incorporating both a plug portion and one or more socket-outlet portions". (There is an alternative spelling, 'adapter', but adaptor is the form usually used in standards

1810:

defines a number of derivatives of BS 546. A household plug and socket is defined in SANS 164-1, and is essentially a modernised version of the BS 546 15 A (the essential differences are that pins can be hollowed to reduce the amount of metal used, the dimensions are metricated,

1692:

area, although they were installed throughout England, mainly in schools, university accommodation, and government laboratories. In some London schools built in the 1960s they were used as low-voltage AC sockets, typically 12 V, 5 A from a transformer serving one or more laboratories, for

1683:

Prior to the first British Standard for earthed plugs, George H. Scholes of Manchester introduced plugs with a hollow round earth pin between rectangular current-carrying pins in 1926 under the Wylex brand name. The Wylex plugs were initially made in three ratings, 5 A, 10 A and 15 A

1503:

Due to the size of the BS 1363 plug, attempts have been made to develop a compatible folding plug. As of July 2014 two folding plugs have been certified under specially developed ASTA standards: SlimPlug, which complies with ASTA AS153, and ThinPlug, which complies with ASTA AS158. SlimPlug is

1458:

connection units, without sockets, use BS 1362 fuses for connection of permanently wired appliances to a socket-outlet circuit. They are also used in other situations where a fuse or switch (or both) is required, such as when feeding lighting off a socket-outlet circuit, to protect spurs off a

1414:

Plug adaptors permit two or more plugs to share one socket-outlet, or allow the use of a plug of different type. There are several common types, including double- and triple-socket blocks, shaver adaptors, and multi-socket strips. Adaptors which allow the use of non-BS 1363 plugs, or more than

1222:

Fuses are mechanically interchangeable; it is up to the end-user or appliance manufacturer to install the appropriate rating fuse. It has long been a common practice, although not a good one, for the maximum capacity 13A fuse to be supplied and used by default. More appropriate lower-capacity fuses

1095:

November 2012: BS 1363-3:1995 +A4:2012 (Title unchanged) published. This amended standard adds a requirement that it shall not be possible to operate a shutter by the insertion of a two-pin Europlug, and added specifications for switched adaptors amongst others. BS 1363-3:1995 will remain

948:

The plug and socket-outlet system defined in BS 1363 is a result of one of the report's recommendations. Britain pre-war had used a combination of 2A, 5A, and 15A round pin sockets. In an appendix to the main report (July 1944), the committee proposed that a completely new socket-outlet with a fuse

728:

The 30 A plug is the largest of the family. This was used for high power industrial equipment up to 7.2 kW, such as industrial kitchen appliances, or dimmer racks for stage lighting. Plugs and sockets were usually of an industrial waterproof design with a screw locking ring on the plug to

663:

There are four ratings of plug and socket in BS 546, (2 A, 5 A, 15 A and 30 A). Each has the same general appearance but they are different physical sizes to prevent interchangeability, they use pin spacing which is also different from the two pin plugs specified in BS 372,

617:. BS 546:1934 clause 2 specifies interchangeability with BS 372 Part II which includes the same four plug and socket sizes. (BS 372 Part I was a standard for two-pin non-earthed plugs which were never included in BS 546 and which were incompatible due to different pin spacings.) 405:

The earliest domestic plug and socket is believed to be that patented by T. T. Smith in 1883. This was shortly followed by patents from W. B. Sayers and G. Hookham; these early designs had rectangular plugs with contact plates on either side. In 1885, two-pin plug designs appeared and in 1889 there

275:

There are certain characteristics common to British mains plugs and sockets intended for domestic use. The brass pins appear relatively solid and large compared to others. British Standards for plugs (with the exception of BS 4573) have always specified side entry flex (entry in other types is

149:

plugs and sockets standard. BS 546 plugs and sockets are still permitted in the UK, provided the socket has shutters. In the United Kingdom and in Ireland this system is usually referred to by its pin shape and is simply known as "round pin plugs" or "round pin sockets". It is often associated

1818:

SANS 164-4 defines three variants of the 16 A plug and socket intended for specialist (known as "dedicated") applications. The variants use a flattened earth pin, each at a different specified rotational position. This arrangement ensures that the dedicated plugs can all plug into an ordinary

1347:

Sockets are required to mate correctly with BS 1363 plugs (as opposed to the dimensions of the socket contacts being specified). This is checked by means of the use of various gauges which are specified in the standard; these gauges ensure that the socket contacts are correctly positioned and

1311:

Plugs which do not meet BS 1363 often find their way into the UK. Some of these are legal in the country they are manufactured in, but do not meet BS 1363 – these can be brought into the UK by unsuspecting travellers, or people purchasing electrical goods online. They can also be purchased through

1218:

included the recommendation that "Provision should be made in the plug for the accommodation of a cartridge type of fuse for 13 amps., and alternatively, for 3 amps. Fuses of these ratings should be interchangeable and be readily identified." The original BS 1363:1947 specified fuse

1181:

Initially, BS 1363 did not require the line and neutral pins to have insulating sleeves. Plugs made to the recent revisions of the standard have insulated sleeves to prevent finger contact with pins, and also to stop metal objects (for example, fallen window blind slats) from becoming live if

900:

plug and socket (which are still found in old installations or in special applications such as remotely switched lighting). Other exceptions to the use of BS 1363 plugs and sockets include equipment requiring more than 13 A, low-power portable equipment (such as shavers and toothbrushes)

558:

defines a plug for use with electric shavers. The pin dimensions are the same as those of the 5 A plug specified in the obsolete BS 372:1930 part 1 (as shown in the table above). Unlike the original, the plug has insulated sleeves on the pins. Electric toothbrushes in the UK are normally

430:

rated at 10 A. Also offered were two-way and three-way "T pieces" or multi-way adaptors for the 3 A and 5 A plugs, two-way only for the 10 A. Versions of the concentric plug and socket were now offered rated at 5 A and 10 A. At the same time Lundberg were offering the

1381:

socket-outlet make these unnecessary. There has been publicity about the dangers of poor quality covers, most of which open the shutters when plugged in, but some of which then break apart on removal in a way that leaves the shutters open and the contact holes exposed, or some with poorly formed

1172:

Dimensions are chosen to provide safe clearance to live parts. The distance from any part of the line and neutral pins to the periphery of the plug base must be not less than 9.5 mm. This ensures that nothing can be inserted alongside a pin when the plug is in use and helps keep fingers away

1059:

February 1989: BS 1363-3:1989 "13 A plugs socket-outlets and adaptors - Part 3: Specification for adaptors" published. This new standard covers adaptors for use with BS 1363 socket-outlets and includes conversion adaptors (those which accept plugs of a different type), multiway adaptors

1055:

August 1984: BS 1363:1984 "Specification for 13 A fused plugs switched and unswitched socket-outlets" published. This standard superseded BS 1363:1967. Changes include the introduction of sleeved pins on Line and Neutral, metric dimensions replacing inches, specifications added for

968:

system (which is also used in the UK, often in the same installation) wherein a single cable runs out radially, like a spoke, from the distribution board to serve a number of sockets. Since the fuse or circuit breaker for a final ring circuit has to be rated for the maximum current the final ring

576:

Differences between BS4573 Type C and Europlug Type C. The BS4573 plug has round 5.1mm contacts, spacing 16.7mm. The Europlug has 4mm contacts, spacing 19mm. In order to plug a Europlug into a BS4573 socket, an adapter is required. However, it may also be possible to force the Euro plug

296:

The Plugs and Sockets, etc. (Safety) Regulations 1994 (the "Regulations") were introduced to provide a regulatory regime to address issues regarding consumer safety. There were concerns that consumer safety was compromised by the substantial quantity of counterfeit and unsafe electrical plugs and

1363:

There is a specific requirement in the standard to ensure that Europlugs and other two-pin plugs may not be used with BS 1363 sockets "It shall not be possible to operate a shutter by inserting a 2-pin plug into a 3-pin socket-outlet." However, many extension sockets will allow a plug to be

963:

system (often informally called a "ring main"). In this arrangement a cable connected to a fuse, or circuit breaker, in the distribution board was wired in sequence to a number of sockets before being terminated back at the distribution board, thus forming a final ring circuit. In the final ring

741:

BS 546:1950 (current version confirmed October 2012) specifies pin dimensions only in decimal fractions of an inch, as shown below. The metric values are conversions provided here for convenience. Note, the original lengths of the line and neutral pins on the 15 and 5 amp versions were slightly

1733:

also used them. Some local authorities continued to use them in new installations until the late 1950s. Many D&S sockets were still in use until the early 1980s, although the difficulty in obtaining plugs for them after around 1970 often forced their users to replace them with BS 1363

698:

This plug corresponds to Type D in the IEC table. In the UK it was used for moderate sized appliances, either on its own 5 A circuit or on a multi socket 15 A circuit, and also on many adaptors (both multi socket 5 A adaptors and adaptors that also had 15 A pins). This

567:

and meets various mechanical and electrical characteristics specified by the BS EN 61558-2-5 safety standard to protect against shock in wet areas. Shaver supply units also typically accept a variety of 230 V two-pin plug types including BS 4573 and Australian two-pin plugs. The

1822:

The dedicated versions have specific colours assigned to them, depending on the rotational position of the flattened portion. These are black (−53°), red (0°), and blue (+53°). The red (0°) version is by far the most common, and is widely used on computer and telecommunication equipment

450:

was first published in 1915, and revised in 1919 with the addition of 15 A and 30 A sizes. By the 1927 revision of BS 73 four sizes of two-pin plugs and sockets were standardized: 2 A, 5 A, 15 A and 30 A. This was later superseded by BS 372:1930 part 1

3637:

Installation instructions for the Italian-made Inda (stage arch model) illuminated mirror states that a low profile plug and socket are required (it has to fit in a space of just 15 mm). In the UK, this clock connector seems to be the only option but only if the socket is sunk into the

1302:

BS 1363 plugs and sockets are rated for use at a maximum of 250 V ac and 13 A, with the exception of non-rewirable plugs which have a current rating according to the type of cable connected to them and the fuse fitted. The rating must be marked on the plug, and in the case of

627:

Before the introduction of BS 317, GH Scholes (Wylex) introduced (in 1926) an alternative three-pin plug in three sizes, 5 A, 10 A and 15 A with a round earth pin and rectangular live and neutral pins. A fused 13 A version of this continued to be available after the

1577:

Several manufacturers have made deliberately incompatible variants for use where connection with standard plugs is not acceptable. Common uses include filtered supplies for computer equipment and cleaners' supplies in public buildings and areas (to prevent visitors plugging in unauthorised

1635:

BS 8546 applies to travel adaptors having at least one plug or socket-outlet portion compatible with BS 1363 plugs and socket-outlets. It was first published in April 2016 to provide a standard for travel adaptors suitable for the connection of a non-BS 1363 plug, or to a non-BS 1363

188:, plug and socket systems often incorporate safety features in addition to the recessed contacts of the energized socket. These include plugs with insulated sleeves, sockets with blocking shutters, and sockets designed to accept only compatible plugs inserted in the correct orientation. 1159:

legislation requires that most domestic electrical goods sold must be provided with fitted plugs to BS 1363-1. These are usually, but not necessarily, non-rewirable. Rewirable plugs for hand-wiring with a screwdriver are commonly available and must be provided with instructions.

1657:

junction boxes, and are often of very low profile. Early types were available fused in both poles; later types fused in the line only and provided an earth pin. Most are equipped with a retaining screw or clip to prevent accidental disconnection. The prevalence of battery-powered

1151:

appliances may instead have a non-conductive plastic pin (an Insulated Shutter Opening Device or ISOD) the same size and shape as an earth pin, to open the shutters. When looking at the plug pins with the earth uppermost the lower left pin is live, and the lower right is neutral.

1038:

1957: Complementary standard published, BS 2814:1957 "Two-pole and earthing-pin flush-mounted 13-Amp switch socket-outlets for A.C. circuits up to 250 Volts". A separate standard specifying a switched version of the BS 1363 socket-outlet for use with BS 1363 plugs.

1671: 1051:

September 1967: BS 1363:1967 "Specification for 13A plugs, switched and unswitched socket-outlets and boxes" published. This standard superseded both BS 1363:1947 and BS 2814:1957. Only 3 A and 13 A fuses are specified. Resilient Plugs are included.

1060:(those which accept more than one plug, which may or may not be of a different type) and shaver adaptors. All adaptors (except for those accepting not more than two BS 1363 plugs) require to be fused. All sockets, including those to other standards, must be shuttered. 623:

Prior to BS 546, British Standards for domestic plugs and sockets included dimensional specifications for the socket contact tubes. In BS 546 there are no dimensions for socket contacts, instead they are required to make good contact with the specified plug pins.

1636:

socket-outlet. It provides for an overall rating of 250 V AC, minimum current rating of 5 A, and a maximum of 13 A. Adaptors with BS 1363 plug pins must incorporate a BS 1362 fuse. BS 8546 travel adaptors may also include USB charging ports.

1756:

includes versions of the 5 A and 15 A BS 546 connectors, but they are rated at 6 A and 16 A respectively. Some 6 A 3 pin sockets also have two extra holes above the line and neutral holes to allow a 5 A 2-pin plug to be connected.

559:

supplied with the same plug. The sockets for this plug are rated at (and limited to) 200 mA. BS 4573 has no explicit specification for the plug rating, but Sheet GB6 of IEC 60083 states that a rating of 0.2 A applies to all BS 4573 accessories.

60:

in the 1870s and were initially two-pin designs. These were usually sold as a mating pair, but gradually de facto and then official standards arose to enable the interchange of compatible devices. British standards have proliferated throughout large parts of the former

729:

hold it in the socket against waterproof seals, and sockets often had a screw cap chained to them to be used when no plug was inserted to keep them waterproof. Use of the BS 546 30 A plugs and sockets diminished through the 1970s as they were replaced with

986:

BS 1363 is periodically revised and with supplements and amendments issued between major revisions. BS 1363:1984 and earlier versions dealt only with 13 A plugs and sockets. From 1989 onwards the standard was rearranged into five parts as follows:

635:, BS 546 sockets are no longer used for general purposes. The type D 2 amp and 5 amp plugs are mainly used for lighting such as table lamps. Some of the type D and M varieties remain in use in other countries and in specialist applications in the UK such as 1173:

from the pins. The longer earth pin ensures that the earth path is connected before the live pins, and that it remains connected until after the live pins are disconnected. The earth pin is too large to be inserted into the line or neutral sockets by mistake.

254:. Neutral is usually at or very near to earth potential, being earthed either at the substation or at the service entrance (neutral-to-earth bonding is not permitted in the distribution board/consumer unit). Line (commonly, but technically incorrectly, called 137:. Originally published in April 1934, it was updated by a 1950 edition which is still current, with eight amendments up to 1999. BS 546 is also the precursor of current Indian and South African plug standards. The 5 A version has been designated as 981:

An early MK plug to the original version of the standard. Note the unsleeved live and neutral pins, and the inspection hole for the purpose of making the connection of an earth conductor visible with the cover in place (as required by BS 1363:1947 clause

455:. Following the introduction of BS 4573 in 1970 there were no longer any UK domestic uses for two-pin sockets except for shavers, so BS 372 was renamed "Two-pin Side-entry Wall Plugs And Sockets For Special Circuits" and subsequently withdrawn. 2672:

Shaver transformer: isolating transformer for fixed installation and with a limited output, designed to supply electric shavers, toothbrushes, and similar appliances rated 50 VA or less used in a bathroom. It supplies only one shaver, or the like, at a

703:

for centrally switched domestic lighting circuits, in order to distinguish them from normal power circuits; this is quite common in hotel rooms. This plug was also once used in theatrical installations for the same reasons as the 15 A model below.

1652:

Fused plugs and sockets of various proprietary and non-interchangeable types are found in older public buildings in the UK, where they are used to feed AC electric wall clocks. They are smaller than conventional sockets, commonly being made to fit

1084:

May 2012: BS 1363-1:1995 +A4:2012 (Title unchanged) published. This amended standard allows switches to be incorporated into plugs, and introduced new overload tests amongst others. BS 1363-1:1995 remained current until 31 May 2015.

589:

Illustration of "Tripin" three-pin earthed plug dated 1911. Note that the plug has the basic characteristics of the modern BS 546 plug, three round pins, the earth pin being longer and thicker than the other two, and with a side cable

335:

applies. EU countries each have their own regulations and national standards and CE marking is neither applicable nor permitted on plugs and sockets. Despite this CE marking is sometimes fraudulently used, especially on universal sockets.

1390:

concludes that "Socket protectors are not regulated for safety, therefore, using a non-standard system to protect a long established safe system is not sensible." In 2016 the use of socket covers was banned in premises controlled by the

1489:

The Plugs and Sockets, etc. (Safety) Regulations 1994 permit domestic appliances fitted with non-BS 1363 plugs to be supplied in the UK with conversion plugs fitted, but not with conversion plugs supplied for fitting by the consumer.

1368:(with two small round pins and no earth pin) to be forced into the open line and neutral ports. The UK Electrical Safety Council has drawn attention to the fire risk associated with forcing Europlugs into BS 1363 sockets. 1303:

non-rewirable plugs the marking must be the value of the fuse fitted by the plug manufacturer in accordance with table 2 of the standard. Typical ratings for non-rewirable plugs are 3 A, 5 A, 10 A and 13 A.

1395:(NHS) in the United Kingdom. BEAMA (British Electrotechnical and Allied Manufacturers Association) published the following statement in June 2017: "BEAMA strongly advises against the use of socket-outlet 'protective' covers." 1376:

In countries using un-shuttered socket-outlets, socket covers are sometimes sold to prevent children inserting objects into otherwise unprotected sockets. Such covers are also sometimes sold in the UK, but the shutters of the

1324:

also published information on the extent of the problem with on-line retailers, many advertising replacement cord sets, mobile device chargers, and travel adaptors fraudulently marked BS 1363, and mentioning the same sites.

1103:

August 2016: BS 1363-2:2016 (Title unchanged) published. Added requirements for incorporated electronic components and for electric vehicle charging. BS 1363-2:1995 +A4:2012 remained current until 31 August 2019.

1099:

August 2016: BS 1363-1:2016 (Title unchanged) published. Added requirements for incorporated electronic components and for electric vehicle charging. BS 1363-1:1995 +A4:2012 remained current until 31 August 2019.

43:

Left: a typical moulded BS 1363 plug, showing the fuse access from the underside of the plug. Right: a typical rewireable plug; the large central screw releases the cover, allowing access to the terminals and also the

1693:

microscope lamps etc. Wylex plugs and sockets continued to be manufactured for several years after BS 1363 sockets became standard and were commonly used by banks and in computer rooms during the 1960s and 1970s for

1028:

May 1950: BS 1363:1947 Amendment 3, title changed to "Specification for two-pole and earthing-pin fused-plugs and shuttered socket-outlets for A.C. circuits up to 250 Volts (not intended for use on D.C. circuits)".

1077:

November 1995: BS 1363-4:1995 "13 A plugs socket-outlets adaptors and connection units - Part 4: Specification for 13 A fused connection units switched and unswitched" published. A new standard.

642:

When BS 546 was in common use domestically in the UK the standard did not require sockets to be shuttered, although many were. The current revision of the standard allows optional shutters similar to those of

361:

catalogue of 1889. Gustav Binswanger, a German Jewish immigrant who founded the General Electric Company, obtained a patent (GB189516898) in 1895 for a plug and socket using a concentric (co-axial) contact system.

3862:

I.S. 401, "Safety requirements for rewirable and non-rewirable 13A fused plugs for normal and rough use having insulating sleeves on live and neutral pins", NSAI (National Standards Authority of Ireland), (1997),

2659:

BS EN 61558-2-5:2010 Safety of transformers, reactors, power supply units and combinations thereof. Particular requirements and tests for transformer for shavers, power supply units for shavers and shaver supply

1811:

and it is rated 16 A). SANS 164-3 defines a 6 A plug and socket based on the BS 546 5 A. The South African Wiring Code now defines the plug and socket system defined in SANS 164-2 (

1294:

cable. Rewireable plugs must be designed so that they can be wired in a manner which prevents strain to the earth connection before the line and neutral connection in the event of failure of the cord anchorage.

2563:, Electric cooking, heating, cleaning, etc: being a manual of electricity in the service of the home, Maud Lucas Lancaster, Constable & Company, Ltd., 1914, p.312 (retrieved 13 March 2013 from Google Books) 562:

The BS 4573 socket is for use in rooms other than bathrooms. When installed in wet areas (e.g. bathrooms), for safety reasons it is normally found incorporated into a shaver supply unit which includes an

1860:

lists Type M as being used in the following locations: Bhutan, Botswana, Eswatini, India, Israel, Lesotho, Macau, Malaysia, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Pakistan, Singapore, South Africa, Sri Lanka.

2529:, Second Chance: Two Centuries of German-speaking Jews in the United Kingdom, edited by Werner Eugen Mosse, Julius Carlebach, Mohr Siebeck, 1991, p.362 (retrieved 20 December 2013 from Google Books) 542:

Comparison of (top) the BS 4573 shaver plug with its parallel 5.1 mm pins that are 16.66 mm apart with the Europlug with its 4 mm pins converging slightly from a distance of 18.6 mm apart

2677:

Shaver supply unit: accessory embodying a shaver transformer or a power supply unit incorporating a shaver transformer, and one or more socket outlets allowing the use of only one plug at a time

1351:

When looking at the front of the socket with the earth aperture uppermost (as normally mounted) the lower left aperture is for the neutral contact, and the lower right is for the line contact.

1071:

September 1995: BS 1363-2:1995 "13 A plugs socket-outlets adaptors and connection units - Part 2: Specification for 13 A switched and unswitched socket-outlets" published.

1032:

January 1957: BS 1363:1947 Amendment 5, added clause permitting operation of shutters by simultaneous insertion of two or more pins (in addition to original method using only earth pin).

3353: 2951: 2940: 720:

This plug corresponds to Type M in the IEC table. It is the largest in domestic use and is commonly used in the UK for indoor dimmable theatre and architectural lighting installations.

1107:

August 2016: BS 1363-3:2016 (Title unchanged) published. Added requirements for incorporated electronic components. BS 1363-3:1995 +A4:2012 remained current until 31 August 2019.

1081:

August 2008: BS 1363-5:2008 "13 A plugs socket-outlets adaptors and connection units - Part 5: Specification for 13 A fused conversion plugs" published. A new standard.

1074:

September 1995: BS 1363-3:1995 "13 A plugs socket-outlets adaptors and connection units - Part 3: Specification for adaptors" published. Supersedes BS 1363-3:1989

418:

By the time the 1911 GEC Catalogue was published two-pin plugs and sockets were being offered with specifications in amps, but still with no indication as to pin size or spacing. The

713: 691: 1819:("non-dedicated") socket, but that the various dedicated plug and socket combinations are not interchangeable (nor can a non-dedicated plug be inserted into a dedicated socket). 602:

is described in a 1911 book dealing with the electrical products of A. P. Lundberg & Sons and its pin configuration appears virtually identical to modern BS 546 plugs.

1478:

A conversion plug is a special type of plug suitable for the connection of non-BS 1363 type plugs (to a recognized standard) to BS 1363 sockets. An example would be

297:

sockets being placed on the UK market and also by the provision of electrical equipment without an appropriate means to connect it to the mains supply in the consumer's home.

3322: 150:

with obsolete wiring installations or where it is found in modern wiring, it is confined to special use cases, particularly for switch-controlled lamps and stage lighting.

231:. Modern British sockets for domestic use are normally manufactured as single or double units with an integral face plate and are designed to fit standard mounting boxes. 1320:. The UK Electrical Safety Council expressed shock at the magnitude of the problem and published a video showing a plug exploding due to a counterfeit BS 1362 fuse. The 146: 116: 620:

Also in 1934 the 10th Edition of the IEE's "Regulations for the Electrical Equipment of Buildings" introduced the requirement for all sockets to have an earth contact.

1116:

February 2018: BS 1363-1:2016 +A1:2018 (Title unchanged) published. BS 1363‑1:2016 is withdrawn and BS 1363‑1:1995+A4:2012 remained current until 31 August 2019.

3400: 682:

This plug was used to connect low-power appliances (and to adaptors from the larger socket types). It is sometimes still used to connect lamps to a lighting circuit.

613:

Part II which states that there are only minor alterations from BS 317. In 1934, BS 372 Part II was in turn superseded by the first edition of BS 546

550:

UK shaver supply unit marked with shaver symbol. Accepts BS 4573, Europlugs, US Type A, and Australian two-pin plugs. Dual voltage, with isolating transformer.

3874:"S.I. No. 526/1997 — National Standards Authority Of Ireland (Section 28) (Electrical Plugs, Plug Similar Devices and Sockets For Domestic Use) Regulations, 1997" 1056:

non-rewirable plugs and portable socket-outlets. The standard was aligned, where possible, with the proposed IEC standard for domestic plugs and socket-outlets.

3366: 956:

This requirement for a new system of plugs and sockets led to the publishing in 1947 of "British Standard 1363:1947 Fused-Plugs and Shuttered Socket-Outlets".

169:, and the socket is fixed on equipment or a building structure and connected to an energised electrical circuit. The plug has protruding pins (referred to as 3617: 2987: 2972: 1713:

Made by Dorman & Smith (using patents applied for in 1943) the plugs and sockets were rated at 13 A and were one of the competing types for use on

1344:

BS 1363 sockets are commonly supplied with integral switches as a convenience, but switches are optional and did not form part of BS 1363 until 1967.

1135:

A BS 1363 plug has two horizontal, rectangular pins for line and neutral, and above these pins, a larger, vertical pin for an earth connection. Both

674:

The larger top pin is the earth connection, the left-hand pin is neutral and the right-hand pin is line when looking at a socket or at the rear of a plug.

888:. Distinctive characteristics of the system are shutters on the line and neutral socket holes, and a fuse in the plug. It has been adopted in many former 1431:

The purpose of these adaptors is to accept the two-pin plugs of shavers; they are required to be marked as such. Shaver adaptors must have a 1 A

1110:

August 2016: BS 1363-4:2016 (Title unchanged) published. Minor changes only. BS 1363-4:1995 +A4:2012 remained current until 31 August 2019.

3008: 2874: 1876:

Safety requirements for rewirable and non-rewirable 13 A fused plugs for normal and rough use having insulating sleeves on live and neutral pins

119:

plugs and sockets standard. In the United Kingdom and in Ireland, this system is usually referred to simply as a "13 amp plug" or a "13 amp socket".

31: 3716: 3910: 1092:

May 2012: BS 1363-4:1995 +A4:2012 (Title unchanged) published. Minor changes to BS 1363-4:1995 which remained current until 31 May 2015.

921:

BS 1363:1947 "Fused-Plugs and Shuttered Socket-Outlets" which resulted from the report "Post-War Building Studies No. 11, Electrical Installations"

2540:, A Company of Many Parts, A. Heerding and Derek. S Jordan, Cambridge University Press, 1989, p.51 (retrieved 20 December 2013 from Google Books) 1607: 965: 1840:

Qatar, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Senegal, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Tanzania, United Arab Emirates, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

1582:

which has a T-shaped earth pin, and the Walsall Gauge 13 A plug, which has each pin rotated 90°, the latter being in use on parts of the

3905: 1113:

August 2016: BS 1363-5:2016 (Title unchanged) published. Minor changes only. BS 1363-5:2008 remained current until 31 August 2019.

238:

domestic, commercial and light industrial purposes generally provide three electrical connections to the supply conductors. These are termed

1440: 1250: in (5.1 mm) long. The standard specifies breaking time versus current characteristics only for 3 A or 13 A fuses. 357:

socket in England was introduced by T. T. Smith in 1883, and there were two-pin designs by 1885, one of which appears in the (British)

3837: 3374: 3205: 2908: 2805: 2726: 2693: 2310: 1823:(although this is not required in the standard). In this application the "dedicated" socket refers to one that is not connected to a 1654: 1383: 1321: 159: 2913:, 17th Edition IEE Wiring Regulations (BS 7671:2008), John Wiley & Sons, pp. 86–88 (retrieved 18 January 2015 from Google Books) 1815:) as the preferred standard, and it is expected that SANS 164-1 and SANS 164-3 devices will be phased out by around 2035. 1459:

ring circuit with more than one socket-outlet, and sometimes to switch feeds to otherwise concealed sockets for kitchen appliances.

2498: 2238: 2223: 1432: 949:

in the plug to protect an appliance's flexible cord should be adopted as the "all-purpose" one socket and plug domestic standard.

111:

plug and socket, which are still found in old installations or in special applications. BS 1363 plugs have been designated as

3460: 3337: 2253: 3769:

Plug and socket-outlet systems for household and similar purposes for use in South Africa Part 0: General and safety requirements

2420: 893: 100: 2286: 3767: 3264:

GB Patent 294,689: "Improvements in or in connection with Plug and Socket Connectors for Electric Circuits". (MK Electric Ltd.)

2632:

IEC/TR 60083, Plugs and socket-outlets for domestic and similar general use standardized in member countries of IEC – Sheet GB6

2396: 2362: 412: 1595: 301:

The regulations include a requirement that all plug types must be tested and certified by a nominated approval body (normally

292:. This was revised by the Plugs and Sockets etc. (Safety) Regulations 1994. The guidance notes to the 1994 regulations state: 30:

This article is about mains power connection devices used in domestic and light commercial environments. For other types, see

3536: 3404: 2527: 3430: 3145: 2538: 3408: 3044:, Appendix "Supplementary report on a recommended new standard socket-outlet and plug", page 88, para x., HMSO, London 1944 2476: 406:

were two-pin plugs and sockets in the GEC catalogue. The 1893 GEC Catalogue included three sizes of what was described as

3274: 3170: 2333:

BS 546: "Specification. Two-pole and earthing-pin plugs, socket-outlets and socket-outlet adaptors", Figure 1 (1950)

1364:

inserted upside down, i.e. only the earth pin, defeating the shutter mechanism. This method is sometimes used to allow a

964:

circuit, each socket-outlet was supplied with current by conductors on both sides of the 'loop.' This contrasts with the

288:, the Plugs and Sockets etc. (Safety) Regulations 1987, was introduced to specifically regulate plugs and sockets in the 3812: 2165: 1754:

Plugs and Socket-Outlets of Rated Voltage up to and including 250 Volts and Rated Current up to and including 16 Amperes

2180: 176: 170: 3197: 2302: 2150: 1923:

Specification for 13 A plugs and socket-outlets - Part 1 : Rewirable and non-rewirable 13 A fused plugs

365:

The earthed consumer plug has several claimants to its invention. A 1911 book dealing with the electrical products of

127:

Two-pole and earthing-pin plugs, socket-outlets and socket-outlet adaptors for AC (50–60 Hz) circuits up to 250 V

3780: 3378: 3016: 2882: 2785: 1927:

Specification for 13 A plugs and socket-outlets - Part 2 : 13 A switched and unswitched socket-outlets

1882:

legislation which requires that most domestic electrical goods sold in Ireland be fitted with an I.S. 401 plug.

3833: 2801: 2722: 2689: 2271: 2194: 938: 896:

used for post-war reconstruction. This plug corresponds to Type G in the IEC table. BS 1363 replaced the

317: 3122: 2561: 3925: 941:

and an expert on safety in the home. Convened in 1942, the committee reported in 1944, producing one of a set of

3401:"Estates and Facilities Alert – Ref: EFA/2016/002 - 13A electrical socket inserts (socket covers or protectors)" 2995: 2127:

BS 546: "Specification. Two-pole and earthing-pin plugs, socket-outlets and socket-outlet adaptors" (1950)

1890:

MS 589 parts 1,2,3 and 4 correspond to BS 1363-1, BS 1363-2, BS 1363-3 and BS 1363-4.

1254:

For 3 A fuses: 0.02–80 s at 9 A, < 0.1 s at 20 A and < 0.03 s at 30 A.

934: 1230:-bodied cylindrical fuses, with dimensions of 1 in (25 mm) in length, with two metallic end caps of 904: 3915: 3110: 1688:

and public sector buildings and, for a short time, in private housing. They were particularly popular in the

1648:

British electric clock connector, three-pin, made by MK. Showing the rear of the plug with its 2 A fuse.

1257:

For 13 A fuses: 1–400 s at 30 A, 0.1–20 s at 50 A and 0.01–0.2 s at 100 A.

3177:, Summer 2013, p. 14. "... the main problem is with online stores such as eBay and amazon marketplace" 2421:"Electrical Equipment - Requirements for Plugs & Sockets etc Guidance notes on the UK Plugs & 2007" 2109: 1694: 3678: 3020: 2886: 2602: 1619: 1537: 1045:

December 1961: BS 2814:1957 Amendment 2, title simplified to "13 Ampere Switch Socket-Outlets".

3727: 1035:

January 1957: BS 1363:1947 Supplement No. 1 added specification for surface mounted socket-outlets.

926: 235: 3920: 3900: 2104: 889: 881: 134: 80: 1186:

safety pamphlet from 1978 encourages their use. Sleeved pins became required by the standard in 1984.

942: 285: 1561: 1131:

BS 1363 plug, with a plastic pin insulated shutter opening device (ISOD) and sleeved live pins.

39: 2552:"SMALL SWITCHES, etc., and their CIRCUITS" (1911), MAYCOCK, W. Perren, London: S. Rentall & Co. 2095:

Although not listed, this type of plug is also used in the Channel Islands of Guernsey and Jersey.

386: 382: 358: 2658: 1776:

The 2 A, 5 A, and 15 A connectors of BS 546 are duplicated by Group B1 of the

628:

introduction of BS 1363, illustrating that BS 546 was not used exclusively at any time.

3595: 1824: 1392: 1048:

1962: BS 2814:1957 Supplement No. 1 added specification for surface mounted switch outlets.

56:

Plugs and sockets for electrical appliances not hardwired to mains electricity originated in the

17: 1586:

for 110 V AC supply, and also in some British Rail offices for filtered computer supplies.

184:

To reduce the risk of users accidentally touching energized conductors and thereby experiencing

2630: 2228:, James Douglas, John Wiley & Sons, 2010, p. 254 (retrieved 1 March 2013 from Google Books) 1340:

BS 1363 type electrical socket-outlets. The closed shutters block entry of foreign objects

3171:"Buyer Beware, Many plugs and chargers – often obtained online – pose a serious risk to users" 3752: 3562: 1726: 1549: 1525: 564: 328: 1042:

December 1960: BS 1363:1947 Supplement No. 2, added specification for Resilient Plugs.

607:

Hand-Shield and Side Entry Pattern Three-Pin Wall Plugs and Sockets (Two Pin and Earth Type)

2137: 647:. Current UK wiring regulations require socket outlets installed in homes to be shuttered. 538: 443:, and Tucker were offering a range of 5 A, 10 A and 20 A plugs and sockets. 96: 381:

Maud Lucas Lancaster mentions an earthed iron-clad plug and socket by the English firm of

165:

Generally the plug is the movable connector attached to an electrically operated device's

8: 1879: 1808:

Plug and socket-outlet systems for household and similar purposes for use in South Africa

1156: 3596:"BS 8546:2016 Travel adaptors compatible with UK plug and socket system – Specification" 211:, but in non-technical common use a number of other terms are used. The general term is 2391: 2357: 1583: 1317: 373:

earthed plug available in 2.5 A and 5 A models. The pin configuration of the

3873: 1878:

is the equivalent of BS 1363 in Ireland. The use of this standard is enforced by

1382:

pins that can strain the contact springs and damage the socket. A 2012 article in the

87:. Distinctive characteristics of the system are shutters on the neutral and line (see 3776: 2991: 2781: 2647:

British Standard Specification for two-pin reversible plugs and shaver socket-outlets

2618:

British Standard Specification for two-pin reversible plugs and shaver socket-outlets

1718: 1455: 1211: 556:

British Standard Specification for two-pin reversible plugs and shaver socket-outlets

3786: 1630: 742:

longer at 0.812 inches (20.6 mm) and 0.625 inches (15.9 mm) respectively.

3693: 1853: 1849: 1512:" award for product design. The first product, also a power lead terminating in an 1479: 1148: 1025:

June 1947: BS 1363:1947 "Fused-Plugs and Shuttered Socket-Outlets" published.

930: 877: 195:

is in general and technical use in all forms of English, common alternatives being

130: 104: 76: 3583: 3540: 2962:"Safety in the home", Southern Electricity & RoSPA | 00-980-05 |, October 1978 2155:, Second Edition, CRC Press, p. 315 (retrieved 20 December 2013 from Google Books) 1022:

The following chronology shows revisions, supplements and significant amendments.

2386: 568:

isolation transformer often includes a 115 V output that supplies a two-pin

332: 3649: 2833:

The Doors of Opportunity, A Biography of Dame Caroline Haslett DBE Companion IEE

2455: 2352: 1644: 1446: 594:

In the early 20th century, A. P. Lundberg & Sons of London manufactured the

263:

now restricted to sockets specifically designated for shavers and toothbrushes.

91:

below) socket holes, and a fuse in the plug. It has been adopted in many former

2208: 1410:

Tripler (left) and doubler (right). The tripler has a red fuse carrier visible.

885: 700: 636: 324: 289: 185: 92: 84: 62: 57: 3300: 3278: 2845:"Post-War Building Studies No. 11 Electrical Installations", HMSO, London 1944 389:(GEC) Catalogue included several earthed sockets intended for industrial use. 3894: 2752: 1940:

lists Type G as being used in the following locations (outside the UK):

1899: 1790:

15 A plugs and switched socket-outlets for domestic and similar purposes

1777: 1722: 1685: 2977:, John Wiley & Sons, p.65 (retrieved 24 February 2014 from Google Books) 1435:

fuse. They must accept UK shaver plugs complying with BS 4573 and also

1266: 397: 1714: 1659: 1513: 1505: 1204: 960: 959:

One of the other recommendations in the report was the introduction of the

655: 459:

Characteristics of BS 73:1927 (BS 372:1930 part 1) two-pin plugs

344: 2258:, John Wiley & Sons, p. 723 (retrieved 1 March 2013 from Google Books) 1508:

unpolarized (figure-of-eight) connector. In 2009 the ThinPlug received a "

1474:

Conversion plug suitable for europlug, empty, europlug inserted and closed

1207:

can deliver more current than appliance flexible power cords can handle).

1127: 977: 377:

appears virtually identical to modern BS 546 plugs. In her 1914 book

3841: 2809: 2730: 2697: 1912:

Plugs and socket-outlets for household and similar general use 220 V

1812: 1579: 1119: 353: 2854:

Post War Building Studies No. 11, Electrical Installations, Paragraph 84

2670:

BS EN 61558-2-5 includes the following definitions: (3.1.101)

2427: 1717:. They were never popular in private houses but were widely deployed in 1613:

Walsall Gauge 13 A plug (bottom) compared with regular BS 1363 plug

1328: 699:

5 A plug, along with its 2 A cousin, is sometimes used in the

605:

The first British standard for domestic three-pin plugs was BS 317

448:

Wall plugs and sockets (five ampere two-pin without earthing connection)

3275:"Tamper-Resistant receptacles — a real solution to a real safety issue" 2988:"Commentary on IEE Wiring Regulations 16th Edition (BS 7671:2001)" 1689: 1470: 1336: 331:

specifically excludes domestic plugs and sockets. As such, no relevant

166: 1406: 892:. BS 1363 was introduced in 1947 as one of the new standards for 850:

Distance, perpendicular, E pin centre and axis of L and N pin centres

99:. BS 1363 was introduced in 1947 as one of the new standards for 401:

Early GEC 2-pin plug and socket as depicted in the 1893 GEC catalogue

302: 2863:

Post War Building Studies No. 11, Electrical Installations, Appendix

1767:

15 A plugs and socket-outlets for domestic and similar purposes

868: 316:

NOTE: despite having a reference beginning 'PAS', PAS 003 was not a

162:

publishes IEC 60050, the International Electrotechnical Vocabulary.

1801: 1516:

unpolarized (figure-of-eight) connector, became available in 2011.

1483: 1436: 1365: 733:(which later became IEC 60309) industrial combo plugs and sockets. 712: 306: 1504:

available only as part of a complete power lead terminating in an

690: 3765: 1631:

BS 8546 travel adaptors compatible with UK plug and socket system

1509: 1423: 1227: 730: 644: 632: 546: 1194: 1068:

incorporated, but the plastic pin is redesignated as an "ISOD".

2243:, Cisco Press, p. 38 (retrieved 1 March 2013 from Google Books) 1674:

Wylex 13 A plug. Note offset line pin (top of photograph).

897: 668: 569: 453:

Two-pin Side-entry Wall Plugs And Sockets for Domestic Purposes

258:) carries the full supply voltage relative to the neutral. The 108: 3133: 3009:"The Origin of the BS 1363 Plug and Socket-Outlet System" 2273:

17th Edition IEE Wiring Regulations: Explained and Illustrated

1482:

appliances from mainland Europe which are fitted with moulded

917: 659:

BS 546 plugs. Left to right: 15 A, 5 A and 2 A.

609:

published in 1928. This was superseded in 1930 by BS 372

598:

earthed plug available in 2.5 A and 5 A models. The

585: 580: 415:

was also manufacturing two-pin plug and sockets in the 1890s.

279: 3302:

British Plugs Are Better Than All Other Plugs, And Here's Why

2276:, Routledge, p. 18 (retrieved 6 March 2013 from Google Books) 2197:, Ed. 6.0, IEC, 2009 (retrieved 1 March 2013 from Techstreet) 2185:, Routledge, p. 37 (retrieved 2 March 2013 from Google Books) 2170:, Heinemann, p. 16 (retrieved 1 March 2013 from Google Books) 1183: 310: 3775:. SANS 164 (1 ed.). Standards South Africa. p. 5. 1827:, which is otherwise mandated for all normal power sockets. 1670: 736: 73:

13 A plugs socket-outlets adaptors and connection units

3523: 2796: 2794: 2717: 2715: 2518:"The History of Electric Wiring" (1957), London: Macdonald. 1313: 908:

Countries using type G (British) AC power plugs and sockets

3499: 2291:, Newnes, p. 58 (retrieved 3 March 2013 from Google Books) 1216:

Post-War Building Studies No. 11, Electrical Installations

3042:

Post-War Building Studies No. 11 Electrical Installations

2875:"The Origin of the BS 1363 Plug and Socket-Outlet System" 1730: 1011:

13 A fused connection units: switched and unswitched

250:. Both neutral and line carry current and are defined as 48: 3673: 3671: 2791: 2712: 1905: 1705: 1462: 1449:

13 A fused connection units switched and unswitched

215:, but there are numerous common alternatives, including 2477:"Guidelines on the application of Directive 2006/95/EC" 611:

Side-Entry Wall Plugs and Sockets for Domestic Purposes

2548: 2546: 2415: 2413: 2387:"The Plugs and Sockets etc. (Safety) Regulations 1994" 2353:"The Plugs and Sockets etc. (Safety) Regulations 1987" 2255:

Building Technology: Mechanical and Electrical Systems

1306: 207:. The normal technical term for an AC power socket is 3668: 2635:, CH: International Electrotechnical Commission, 2009 2579: 2577: 2575: 2573: 2571: 2569: 1210:

BS 1363 plugs are required to carry a cartridge

79:

which specifies the most common type of single-phase

3680:

History of the 13 amp plug and the ring circuit

2941:

British Patent GB1067870 (Spring loaded pin sleeves)

392: 327:

regulation of domestic mains plugs and sockets; the

2649:, Section 1.1 Scope, British Standards Institution. 2543: 2410: 2266: 2264: 1902:standard describes BS 1363 plugs and sockets. 3054:Journal of the Institution of Electrical Engineers 2566: 1737: 1064:but the PAS was not withdrawn until 23 July 2013. 615:Two-Pole and Earthing-Pin Plugs and Socket Outlets 3717:"SANS 164 standards: a working group perspective" 3056:, Volume: 94, Issue: 81, page 390, September 1947 1864: 1122:Rewirable and non-rewirable 13 A fused plugs 993:Rewirable and non-rewirable 13 A fused plugs 869:BS 1363 three-pin (rectangular) plugs and sockets 107:reconstruction. The plug and socket replaced the 32:Industrial and multiphase power plugs and sockets 3892: 2381: 2379: 2261: 1931: 1843: 1830: 1742: 1331:13 A switched and unswitched socket-outlets 999:13 A Switched and unswitched socket-outlets 348:Lampholder plug from 1893 GEC (London) catalogue 2604:History of the 13 amp plug and the ring circuit 1700: 716:15 A switched socket-outlet to BS 546 3431:"BEAMA Position Paper on Socket Outlet Covers" 2329: 2327: 1639: 694:5 A switched socket-outlet to BS 546 3251: 3249: 2597: 2595: 2593: 2376: 1760: 1572: 88: 3461:Electrical Safety First: Overloading sockets 2952:British Patent GB1292991 (Fixed pin sleeves) 2778:Lighting control-technology and applications 1916: 1885: 1792:. Also used in the Indonesian Riau Islands. 1783: 1578:equipment). Examples are one design made by 1240: in (6.4 mm) diameter and roughly 573:only" are also often used but not required. 3534: 3519: 3517: 3186:BS 1363-2:1995+A4:2012, figs. 11 to 16 2974:A Practical Guide to the Wiring Regulations 2324: 1601:MK 13 A Plug with a T-shaped earth pin 1198:BS 1362 fuses (for BS 1363 plugs) 581:British three-pin (round) plugs and sockets 280:British plugs and sockets regulatory system 175:) that fit into matching apertures (called 153: 3766:South African Bureau of Standards (2006). 3584:Walsall Gauge in use at London Underground 3246: 3198:"The Remarkable Evolution of BS 1363" 2590: 1223:are now supplied with some plugs instead. 320:but a BSI Product Approval Specification. 3500:"Perusahaan Listrik Indonesia Terpercaya" 3375:Institution of Engineering and Technology 3323:"Conversion Plugs for Foreign Appliances" 3206:Institution of Engineering and Technology 2830: 2311:Institution of Engineering and Technology 1806:The South African standard SANS 164 1795: 1384:Institution of Engineering and Technology 1322:Institution of Engineering and Technology 737:Characteristics of BS 546 three-pin plugs 270: 160:International Electrotechnical Commission 3810: 3714: 3514: 1709:Three D&S sockets mounted on a panel 1704: 1669: 1665: 1643: 1469: 1422: 1405: 1335: 1265: 1261: 1193: 1126: 976: 916: 903: 880:which specifies the common single-phase 711: 689: 654: 584: 545: 537: 396: 379:Electric cooking, heating, cleaning, etc 343: 47: 38: 3911:Electrical safety in the United Kingdom 3195: 3123:Wiring Accessories & Counterfeiting 3101:BS 1363-1:1995+A4:2012, cl. 7.1 f) 3006: 2872: 2450: 2448: 2300: 2285:Dave Holland, Jimmy Tzimenakis (1999), 2206: 894:electrical wiring in the United Kingdom 101:electrical wiring in the United Kingdom 14: 3893: 3694:"Dorman & Smith plugs and sockets" 3234:BS 1363-2:1995+A4:2012, cl. 13.10 3065:BS 1363-1:1995+A4:2012, cl. 12.13 2835:, London: Femina Books, pp. 76–77 2152:Assembly Automation and Product Design 1893: 1214:, which must conform to BS 1362. 533: 3813:"Earth leakage protection unravelled" 3641: 3405:Department of Health (United Kingdom) 3364: 3255:BS 1363-2:1995+A4:2012, cl. 13.7 3243:BS 1363-2:1995+A4:2012, cl. 13.9 3225:BS 1363-2:1995+A4:2012, cl. 13.3 3092:BS 1363-1:1995+A4:2012, cl. 11.8 3083:BS 1363-1:1995+A4:2012, cl. 19.1 3074:BS 1363-1:1995+A4:2012, cl. 12.4 2303:"The Remarkable Evolution of BS 1363" 2182:Advanced Electrical Installation Work 1906:Saudi Arabian Standard SASO 2203:2003 1493: 1398: 1163: 3906:Electric power in the United Kingdom 2931:BS 1363-1:1995+A4:2012, fig. 4a 2922:BS 1363-1:2016+A1:2018, cl. 7.4 2445: 1771: 1697:or "clean" filtered mains supplies. 3753:"New plug and socket system for SA" 3654:Digital Museum of Plugs and Sockets 2213:(2nd ed.), The Free Dictionary 1307:Counterfeits and non-standard plugs 1226:BS 1362 specifies sand-filled 24: 1752:Indian standard IS 1293:2005 1418: 1203:fault conditions (typical British 1189: 25: 3937: 3336:: 17. Summer 2008. Archived from 3017:Institute of Electrical Engineers 2883:Institute of Electrical Engineers 1869: 1747: 1176: 1143:carry current and are defined as 393:British two-pin plugs and sockets 3866: 3856: 3537:"Slimplug Compact UK Power Lead" 3146:"Safety Advice: Plugs and Fuses" 3007:Mullins, Malcolm (Spring 2006). 2873:Mullins, Malcolm (Spring 2006). 2620:, British Standards Institution. 2342:BS 1363-1:1995+A4:2012, figure 3 2052:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 1825:residual current circuit breaker 1618: 1606: 1594: 1560: 1548: 1536: 1524: 1498: 1465:13 A fused conversion plugs 1371: 1096:current until 31 December 2015. 1017:13 A fused conversion plugs 939:Electrical Association for Women 765:Diameter, line and neutral pins 631:Although still permitted by the 339: 318:Publicly Available Specification 3834:"World Plugs, Plug Type D" 3826: 3804: 3759: 3745: 3708: 3686: 3647: 3631: 3610: 3588: 3577: 3555: 3528: 3492: 3483: 3474: 3465: 3454: 3445: 3423: 3393: 3358: 3347: 3315: 3293: 3267: 3258: 3237: 3228: 3219: 3189: 3180: 3164: 3138: 3127: 3116: 3104: 3095: 3086: 3077: 3068: 3059: 3047: 3035: 3000: 2980: 2965: 2956: 2945: 2934: 2925: 2916: 2910:Guide to the Wiring Regulations 2901: 2866: 2857: 2848: 2839: 2824: 2770: 2745: 2682: 2664: 2652: 2639: 2623: 2610: 2555: 2532: 2521: 2512: 2491: 2469: 2345: 2336: 2294: 2279: 2246: 2207:Collins (2006), "Power Point", 1738:International usage of BS types 89:§ Concepts and terminology 3755:. ZA: EE Publishers (Pty) Ltd. 3677:D. W. M. Latimer FIEE (2007), 3407:. 30 June 2016. Archived from 3196:Peacock, David (Winter 2013). 2601:D. W. M. Latimer FIEE (2007), 2585:The History of Electric Wiring 2499:"Fraudulant use of CE Marking" 2301:Peacock, David (Winter 2013). 2240:Computer Networking First-Step 2231: 2217: 2200: 2188: 2173: 2158: 2143: 2130: 2121: 1865:Standards derived from BS 1363 1695:uninterruptible power supplies 833:Distance, L and N pin centres 782:Length, line and neutral pins 13: 1: 3696:. Museum of Plugs and Sockets 3451:BS 1363-3:1989, cl. 12.5 2115: 1932:International usage of Type G 1844:International usage of Type M 1831:International usage of Type D 1743:Standards derived from BS 546 1678: 972: 515:Distance between pin centres 3539:. EPEmag.net. Archived from 3471:BS 1363-3:1989, cl. 7.1 2831:Messenger, Rosalind (1967), 2225:Building Surveys and Reports 2210:Essential English Dictionary 2110:Mains electricity by country 1848:This plug is often used for 1701:Dorman & Smith (D&S) 1625:Walsall Gauge 13 A plug 1543:SlimPlug with pins retracted 945:that guided reconstruction. 890:British overseas territories 862:0.570 inches (14.5 mm) 859:0.875 inches (22.2 mm) 856:1.125 inches (28.6 mm) 853:1.562 inches (39.7 mm) 845:0.570 inches (14.5 mm) 842:0.750 inches (19.1 mm) 836:1.437 inches (36.5 mm) 828:0.625 inches (15.9 mm) 825:0.812 inches (20.6 mm) 822:1.125 inches (28.6 mm) 819:1.437 inches (36.5 mm) 794:0.500 inches (12.7 mm) 791:0.585 inches (14.9 mm) 788:0.733 inches (18.6 mm) 785:1.125 inches (28.6 mm) 723: 707: 527:0.473 inches (12.0 mm) 524:0.656 inches (16.7 mm) 521:0.875 inches (22.2 mm) 510:0.500 inches (12.7 mm) 507:0.625 inches (15.9 mm) 504:0.812 inches (20.6 mm) 501:1.125 inches (28.6 mm) 7: 3365:Coles, Mark (Autumn 2012). 3354:UK Government safety advice 2587:, Ch 10, London: Macdonald. 2149:Geoffrey Boothroyd (2005), 2098: 1640:UK electric clock connector 1354: 935:Women's Engineering Society 901:and mains-operated clocks. 811:0.200 inches (5.1 mm) 808:0.278 inches (7.1 mm) 805:0.343 inches (8.7 mm) 802:0.375 inches (9.5 mm) 777:0.140 inches (3.6 mm) 774:0.200 inches (5.1 mm) 771:0.278 inches (7.1 mm) 768:0.312 inches (7.9 mm) 685: 677: 493:0.140 inches (3.6 mm) 490:0.200 inches (5.1 mm) 487:0.278 inches (7.1 mm) 484:0.312 inches (7.9 mm) 426:rated at 5 A, and the 422:was rated at 3 A, the 10: 3942: 3565:. Dezeen. 10 December 2009 3563:"ThinPlug by Zihni Yalcin" 2802:"World Plugs, Plug Type G" 2776:Robert S. Simpson (2003). 2723:"World Plugs, Plug Type M" 2690:"World Plugs, Plug Type D" 2105:AC power plugs and sockets 1799: 1761:Malaysian Standard MS 1577 1573:Variant pin configurations 1297: 912: 882:AC power plugs and sockets 839:1.000 inch (25.4 mm) 135:AC power plugs and sockets 81:AC power plugs and sockets 29: 3650:"Wylex plugs and sockets" 2288:Electrical Product Safety 1917:Singapore Standard SS 145 1886:Malaysian Standard MS 589 1784:Singapore Standard SS 472 1567:ThinPlug with ISOD folded 1555:The ThinPlug folding plug 1531:The SlimPlug folding plug 943:Post War Building Studies 650: 518:1.25 inches (32 mm) 413:Edison & Swan Company 383:A. Reyrolle & Company 367:A. P. Lundberg & Sons 267:and official documents.) 3113:(retrieved 7 March 2013) 2971:Geoffrey Stokes (2008), 2164:Patrick Fullick (2001), 1874:Irish Standard 401:1997 1454:Switched and unswitched 387:General Electric Company 369:of London describes the 359:General Electric Company 154:Concepts and terminology 3726:(April). Archived from 3715:Campetti, Gian (2008). 3150:Electrical Safety First 2252:Benjamin Stein (1997), 2179:Trevor Linsley (2008), 1393:National Health Service 234:Electrical sockets for 3926:Mains power connectors 3480:BS 1363-3:1989, cl. 18 2907:Darrell Locke (2008), 2583:John Mellanby (1957), 2270:Brian Scaddan (2011), 1796:South African SANS 164 1710: 1675: 1649: 1475: 1441:American two-pin plugs 1428: 1411: 1341: 1290: 1199: 1132: 983: 922: 909: 717: 695: 660: 591: 577:into British sockets. 551: 543: 402: 349: 299: 271:Common characteristics 53: 45: 3876:. irishstatutebook.ie 3111:Volex company website 2397:The National Archives 2363:The National Archives 2237:Wendell Odom (2004), 2046:Saint Kitts and Nevis 1708: 1673: 1666:Obsolete non-BS types 1647: 1473: 1426: 1409: 1339: 1269: 1262:Other safety features 1197: 1130: 980: 920: 907: 884:that are used in the 715: 693: 658: 633:UK wiring regulations 588: 565:isolation transformer 549: 541: 400: 347: 329:Low Voltage Directive 294: 141:and the 15 A as 83:that are used in the 52:BS546 plug and socket 51: 42: 3916:Electrical standards 3433:. BEAMA. 5 June 2017 2079:United Arab Emirates 1910:SASO 2203:2003 1190:Fuses (BS 1362) 799:Diameter, earth pin 286:Statutory Instrument 3489:BS 1363-5:2008 3367:"Socket Protectors" 3281:on 20 December 2013 2990:, Cl 6.8, IET 2002 1925:SS 145-2:2010 1921:SS 145-1:2010 1880:consumer protection 1715:ring final circuits 1157:consumer protection 933:, President of the 534:BS 4573 (UK shaver) 460: 408:Double plug Sockets 3618:"Clock Connectors" 3411:on 12 October 2016 3371:IET Wiring Matters 3343:on 4 January 2014. 3202:IET Wiring Matters 3013:IEE Wiring Matters 2879:IEE Wiring Matters 2392:legislation.gov.uk 2358:legislation.gov.uk 2307:IET Wiring Matters 2136:Also available as 1711: 1676: 1650: 1584:London Underground 1494:BS 1363 variations 1476: 1429: 1412: 1342: 1318:Amazon Marketplace 1291: 1200: 1164:Nominal dimensions 1133: 984: 961:final ring circuit 937:, Director of the 923: 910: 816:Length, earth pin 718: 696: 661: 592: 552: 544: 458: 403: 350: 54: 46: 27:AC power plug type 3921:Electrical wiring 3901:British Standards 3792:on 29 August 2013 3598:. BSI. April 2016 3535:Alan Winstanley. 3381:on 20 August 2013 1959:Brunei Darussalam 1894:Russian GOST 7396 1788:SS 472:1999 1772:Russian GOST 7396 1270:Internal wiring. 866: 865: 531: 530: 16:(Redirected from 3933: 3886: 3885: 3883: 3881: 3870: 3864: 3860: 3854: 3853: 3851: 3849: 3840:. Archived from 3830: 3824: 3823: 3821: 3819: 3808: 3802: 3801: 3799: 3797: 3791: 3785:. Archived from 3774: 3763: 3757: 3756: 3749: 3743: 3742: 3740: 3738: 3733:on 20 March 2012 3732: 3721: 3712: 3706: 3705: 3703: 3701: 3690: 3684: 3675: 3666: 3665: 3663: 3661: 3645: 3639: 3635: 3629: 3628: 3626: 3624: 3614: 3608: 3607: 3605: 3603: 3592: 3586: 3581: 3575: 3574: 3572: 3570: 3559: 3553: 3552: 3550: 3548: 3532: 3526: 3521: 3512: 3511: 3509: 3507: 3496: 3490: 3487: 3481: 3478: 3472: 3469: 3463: 3458: 3452: 3449: 3443: 3442: 3440: 3438: 3427: 3421: 3420: 3418: 3416: 3397: 3391: 3390: 3388: 3386: 3377:. Archived from 3362: 3356: 3351: 3345: 3344: 3342: 3327: 3319: 3313: 3312: 3311: 3309: 3297: 3291: 3290: 3288: 3286: 3277:. Archived from 3271: 3265: 3262: 3256: 3253: 3244: 3241: 3235: 3232: 3226: 3223: 3217: 3216: 3214: 3212: 3193: 3187: 3184: 3178: 3168: 3162: 3161: 3159: 3157: 3152:. 4 October 2019 3142: 3136: 3134:PlugSafe website 3131: 3125: 3120: 3114: 3108: 3102: 3099: 3093: 3090: 3084: 3081: 3075: 3072: 3066: 3063: 3057: 3051: 3045: 3039: 3033: 3032: 3030: 3028: 3019:. Archived from 3004: 2998: 2984: 2978: 2969: 2963: 2960: 2954: 2949: 2943: 2938: 2932: 2929: 2923: 2920: 2914: 2905: 2899: 2898: 2896: 2894: 2885:. Archived from 2870: 2864: 2861: 2855: 2852: 2846: 2843: 2837: 2836: 2828: 2822: 2821: 2819: 2817: 2812:on 18 March 2018 2808:. Archived from 2798: 2789: 2774: 2768: 2767: 2765: 2763: 2749: 2743: 2742: 2740: 2738: 2733:on 18 March 2018 2729:. Archived from 2719: 2710: 2709: 2707: 2705: 2696:. Archived from 2686: 2680: 2668: 2662: 2656: 2650: 2645:BS 4573 (1970), 2643: 2637: 2636: 2627: 2621: 2616:BS 4573 (1970), 2614: 2608: 2599: 2588: 2581: 2564: 2559: 2553: 2550: 2541: 2536: 2530: 2525: 2519: 2516: 2510: 2509: 2507: 2505: 2495: 2489: 2488: 2486: 2484: 2473: 2467: 2466: 2464: 2462: 2456:"ASTA Standards" 2452: 2443: 2442: 2440: 2438: 2432: 2426:. Archived from 2425: 2417: 2408: 2407: 2406: 2404: 2383: 2374: 2373: 2372: 2370: 2349: 2343: 2340: 2334: 2331: 2322: 2321: 2319: 2317: 2298: 2292: 2283: 2277: 2268: 2259: 2250: 2244: 2235: 2229: 2221: 2215: 2214: 2204: 2198: 2192: 2186: 2177: 2171: 2162: 2156: 2147: 2141: 2134: 2128: 2125: 1971:Falkland Islands 1898:Group B2 of the 1854:washing machines 1850:air conditioners 1622: 1610: 1598: 1564: 1552: 1540: 1528: 1380: 1277:Neutral terminal 1249: 1248: 1244: 1239: 1238: 1234: 1149:double-insulated 931:Caroline Haslett 878:British Standard 745: 744: 639:for the type M. 461: 457: 439:, and 15 A 260:protective earth 131:British Standard 93:British colonies 77:British Standard 21: 3941: 3940: 3936: 3935: 3934: 3932: 3931: 3930: 3891: 3890: 3889: 3879: 3877: 3872: 3871: 3867: 3861: 3857: 3847: 3845: 3844:on 2 March 2018 3832: 3831: 3827: 3817: 3815: 3809: 3805: 3795: 3793: 3789: 3783: 3772: 3764: 3760: 3751: 3750: 3746: 3736: 3734: 3730: 3719: 3713: 3709: 3699: 3697: 3692: 3691: 3687: 3676: 3669: 3659: 3657: 3646: 3642: 3636: 3632: 3622: 3620: 3616: 3615: 3611: 3601: 3599: 3594: 3593: 3589: 3582: 3578: 3568: 3566: 3561: 3560: 3556: 3546: 3544: 3543:on 20 June 2014 3533: 3529: 3522: 3515: 3505: 3503: 3498: 3497: 3493: 3488: 3484: 3479: 3475: 3470: 3466: 3459: 3455: 3450: 3446: 3436: 3434: 3429: 3428: 3424: 3414: 3412: 3399: 3398: 3394: 3384: 3382: 3363: 3359: 3352: 3348: 3340: 3325: 3321: 3320: 3316: 3307: 3305: 3299: 3298: 3294: 3284: 3282: 3273: 3272: 3268: 3263: 3259: 3254: 3247: 3242: 3238: 3233: 3229: 3224: 3220: 3210: 3208: 3194: 3190: 3185: 3181: 3169: 3165: 3155: 3153: 3144: 3143: 3139: 3132: 3128: 3121: 3117: 3109: 3105: 3100: 3096: 3091: 3087: 3082: 3078: 3073: 3069: 3064: 3060: 3052: 3048: 3040: 3036: 3026: 3024: 3023:on 3 March 2016 3005: 3001: 2985: 2981: 2970: 2966: 2961: 2957: 2950: 2946: 2939: 2935: 2930: 2926: 2921: 2917: 2906: 2902: 2892: 2890: 2889:on 3 March 2016 2871: 2867: 2862: 2858: 2853: 2849: 2844: 2840: 2829: 2825: 2815: 2813: 2800: 2799: 2792: 2780:. Focal Press. 2775: 2771: 2761: 2759: 2753:"15A Connector" 2751: 2750: 2746: 2736: 2734: 2725:. Switzerland: 2721: 2720: 2713: 2703: 2701: 2700:on 2 March 2018 2692:. Switzerland: 2688: 2687: 2683: 2669: 2665: 2657: 2653: 2644: 2640: 2629: 2628: 2624: 2615: 2611: 2600: 2591: 2582: 2567: 2560: 2556: 2551: 2544: 2537: 2533: 2526: 2522: 2517: 2513: 2503: 2501: 2497: 2496: 2492: 2482: 2480: 2475: 2474: 2470: 2460: 2458: 2454: 2453: 2446: 2436: 2434: 2430: 2423: 2419: 2418: 2411: 2402: 2400: 2385: 2384: 2377: 2368: 2366: 2351: 2350: 2346: 2341: 2337: 2332: 2325: 2315: 2313: 2299: 2295: 2284: 2280: 2269: 2262: 2251: 2247: 2236: 2232: 2222: 2218: 2205: 2201: 2193: 2189: 2178: 2174: 2167:Physics for AQA 2163: 2159: 2148: 2144: 2135: 2131: 2126: 2122: 2118: 2101: 2067:Solomon Islands 1934: 1919: 1908: 1896: 1888: 1872: 1867: 1846: 1833: 1804: 1798: 1786: 1774: 1763: 1750: 1745: 1740: 1723:council housing 1703: 1686:council housing 1681: 1668: 1642: 1633: 1626: 1623: 1614: 1611: 1602: 1599: 1575: 1568: 1565: 1556: 1553: 1544: 1541: 1532: 1529: 1501: 1496: 1468: 1463:BS 1363-5 1452: 1421: 1419:Shaver adaptors 1404: 1378: 1374: 1357: 1334: 1309: 1300: 1289: 1264: 1246: 1242: 1241: 1236: 1232: 1231: 1192: 1179: 1166: 1125: 975: 915: 871: 748:Current rating 739: 726: 710: 688: 680: 653: 583: 536: 464:Current rating 395: 342: 333:retained EU law 282: 273: 156: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 3939: 3929: 3928: 3923: 3918: 3913: 3908: 3903: 3888: 3887: 3865: 3855: 3825: 3811:Brian Bilton. 3803: 3781: 3758: 3744: 3707: 3685: 3683:, London: IET. 3667: 3640: 3630: 3609: 3587: 3576: 3554: 3527: 3513: 3491: 3482: 3473: 3464: 3453: 3444: 3422: 3392: 3357: 3346: 3314: 3292: 3266: 3257: 3245: 3236: 3227: 3218: 3188: 3179: 3175:Wiring Matters 3163: 3137: 3126: 3115: 3103: 3094: 3085: 3076: 3067: 3058: 3046: 3034: 2999: 2979: 2964: 2955: 2944: 2933: 2924: 2915: 2900: 2865: 2856: 2847: 2838: 2823: 2790: 2769: 2744: 2711: 2681: 2675:and (3.1.102) 2663: 2651: 2638: 2622: 2609: 2607:, London: IET. 2589: 2565: 2554: 2542: 2531: 2520: 2511: 2490: 2468: 2444: 2433:on 8 July 2012 2409: 2399:, SI 1994/1768 2375: 2344: 2335: 2323: 2293: 2278: 2260: 2245: 2230: 2216: 2199: 2187: 2172: 2157: 2142: 2129: 2119: 2117: 2114: 2113: 2112: 2107: 2100: 2097: 2093: 2092: 2089: 2086: 2083: 2080: 2077: 2074: 2071: 2068: 2065: 2062: 2059: 2056: 2053: 2050: 2047: 2044: 2041: 2038: 2035: 2032: 2029: 2026: 2023: 2020: 2017: 2014: 2011: 2008: 2005: 2002: 1999: 1996: 1993: 1990: 1987: 1984: 1981: 1978: 1975: 1972: 1969: 1966: 1963: 1960: 1957: 1954: 1951: 1948: 1945: 1933: 1930: 1918: 1915: 1907: 1904: 1895: 1892: 1887: 1884: 1871: 1870:Irish I.S. 401 1868: 1866: 1863: 1845: 1842: 1832: 1829: 1800:Main article: 1797: 1794: 1785: 1782: 1773: 1770: 1762: 1759: 1749: 1748:Indian IS 1293 1746: 1744: 1741: 1739: 1736: 1702: 1699: 1680: 1677: 1667: 1664: 1641: 1638: 1632: 1629: 1628: 1627: 1624: 1617: 1615: 1612: 1605: 1603: 1600: 1593: 1591: 1574: 1571: 1570: 1569: 1566: 1559: 1557: 1554: 1547: 1545: 1542: 1535: 1533: 1530: 1523: 1521: 1500: 1497: 1495: 1492: 1467: 1461: 1451: 1445: 1427:Shaver adaptor 1420: 1417: 1403: 1397: 1388:Wiring Matters 1373: 1370: 1356: 1353: 1333: 1327: 1308: 1305: 1299: 1296: 1288: 1287: 1284: 1281: 1280:Earth terminal 1278: 1275: 1271: 1263: 1260: 1259: 1258: 1255: 1191: 1188: 1178: 1177:Pin insulation 1175: 1165: 1162: 1124: 1118: 1020: 1019: 1013: 1007: 1001: 995: 974: 971: 966:radial circuit 914: 911: 886:United Kingdom 870: 867: 864: 863: 860: 857: 854: 851: 847: 846: 843: 840: 837: 834: 830: 829: 826: 823: 820: 817: 813: 812: 809: 806: 803: 800: 796: 795: 792: 789: 786: 783: 779: 778: 775: 772: 769: 766: 762: 761: 758: 755: 752: 749: 738: 735: 725: 722: 709: 706: 687: 684: 679: 676: 652: 649: 637:stage lighting 582: 579: 535: 532: 529: 528: 525: 522: 519: 516: 512: 511: 508: 505: 502: 499: 495: 494: 491: 488: 485: 482: 478: 477: 474: 471: 468: 465: 424:Standard Gauge 394: 391: 341: 338: 325:European Union 290:United Kingdom 281: 278: 272: 269: 186:electric shock 155: 152: 133:for three-pin 85:United Kingdom 63:British Empire 58:United Kingdom 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3938: 3927: 3924: 3922: 3919: 3917: 3914: 3912: 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The 1728: 1724: 1720: 1719:prefabricated 1716: 1707: 1698: 1696: 1691: 1687: 1672: 1663: 1661: 1656: 1646: 1637: 1621: 1616: 1609: 1604: 1597: 1592: 1590:Variant plugs 1589: 1588: 1587: 1585: 1581: 1563: 1558: 1551: 1546: 1539: 1534: 1527: 1522: 1520:Folding plugs 1519: 1518: 1517: 1515: 1511: 1507: 1499:Folding plugs 1491: 1487: 1485: 1481: 1472: 1466: 1460: 1457: 1450: 1444: 1442: 1438: 1434: 1425: 1416: 1408: 1402: 1396: 1394: 1389: 1385: 1372:Socket covers 1369: 1367: 1361: 1352: 1349: 1345: 1338: 1332: 1326: 1323: 1319: 1315: 1304: 1295: 1285: 1283:Live terminal 1282: 1279: 1276: 1273: 1272: 1268: 1256: 1253: 1252: 1251: 1229: 1224: 1220: 1217: 1213: 1208: 1206: 1205:ring circuits 1196: 1187: 1185: 1174: 1170: 1161: 1158: 1153: 1150: 1146: 1142: 1138: 1129: 1123: 1117: 1114: 1111: 1108: 1105: 1101: 1097: 1093: 1090: 1089:31 May 2015. 1086: 1082: 1079: 1075: 1072: 1069: 1065: 1061: 1057: 1053: 1049: 1046: 1043: 1040: 1036: 1033: 1030: 1026: 1023: 1018: 1014: 1012: 1008: 1006: 1002: 1000: 996: 994: 990: 989: 988: 979: 970: 967: 962: 957: 954: 950: 946: 944: 940: 936: 932: 928: 919: 906: 902: 899: 895: 891: 887: 883: 879: 875: 861: 858: 855: 852: 849: 848: 844: 841: 838: 835: 832: 831: 827: 824: 821: 818: 815: 814: 810: 807: 804: 801: 798: 797: 793: 790: 787: 784: 781: 780: 776: 773: 770: 767: 764: 763: 759: 756: 753: 750: 747: 746: 743: 734: 732: 721: 714: 705: 702: 692: 683: 675: 672: 670: 665: 657: 648: 646: 640: 638: 634: 629: 625: 621: 618: 616: 612: 608: 603: 601: 597: 587: 578: 574: 571: 566: 560: 557: 554:BS 4573 548: 540: 526: 523: 520: 517: 514: 513: 509: 506: 503: 500: 497: 496: 492: 489: 486: 483: 481:Pin diameter 480: 479: 475: 472: 469: 466: 463: 462: 456: 454: 449: 444: 442: 438: 434: 429: 425: 421: 416: 414: 409: 399: 390: 388: 384: 380: 376: 372: 368: 363: 360: 355: 346: 340:Early history 337: 334: 330: 326: 321: 319: 314: 312: 308: 307:ASTA-Intertek 304: 298: 293: 291: 287: 277: 268: 264: 261: 257: 253: 249: 245: 241: 237: 232: 230: 226: 222: 218: 214: 210: 209:socket-outlet 206: 202: 201:electric plug 198: 194: 189: 187: 182: 180: 179: 174: 173: 168: 163: 161: 151: 148: 144: 140: 136: 132: 128: 124: 120: 118: 114: 110: 106: 102: 98: 97:protectorates 94: 90: 86: 82: 78: 74: 70: 66: 64: 59: 50: 41: 37: 33: 19: 3878:. 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The 1911 354:electricity 225:wall socket 221:plug socket 217:power point 167:mains cable 143:Type M 139:Type D 123:BS 546 113:Type G 109:BS 546 3895:Categories 3648:Oud, Oof. 3502:. Slimplug 3308:1 December 3211:7 November 2996:0852962371 2316:7 November 2138:IEV Online 2116:References 2058:Seychelles 1947:Bangladesh 1856:. 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