1512:
388:
Ayapango. Historically, the economy of
Ayapango has been based on the cultivation of corn and wheat, selling the harvests in Mexico City, either by land or via what was Lake Chalco. These trips were hazardous as robbers were a serious problem. Generally, natives were not permitted to carry weapons but in the mid-18th century, Manuel de Santiago, head of the town of Ayapango, managed to get such permission for this purpose. Up through most of the 19th century, life continued here much as it did all through the colonial period, mostly subsistence farming. The
856:
51:
38:
451:
431:
307:
475:
120:
357:
58:
439:
shingles. In this attic space grain is kept. Many of these homes also have large patios. Another notable fact is that these older houses have names. This comes from a pre-Hispanic custom of naming a building based on its characteristics. Many of these older homes have plaques indicating what their names are. Two of the most prominent of these homes are known as the "
298:) houses built early in the last century which have names which reflect something of their characteristics. The name Ayapango is derived from "eyapanco" which roughly translates to "place where three irrigation ditches meet." This town has been designated as a "Pueblo con Encanto" (Town with Charm) by the government of the State of Mexico.
466:. The church was part of a larger monastery complex which dates from the 16th century. Some of the remains are still visible, esp. between the church and the priest's residence, which is part of the old convent that was rebuilt. Its layout is in the form of a Latin cross. The simple façade and the tower have
421:
and practically in front of his hometown. In the last half of the 20th century, life began to change here. Because of the building of new roads and rehabilitation of existing ones, interaction with the outside world has greatly increased. Secondary and preparatory schools have been built, eliminating
520:
As in times past, the economy is dominated by the growing of corn and wheat. Second in importance is the raising of cattle, sheep and pigs. The quality of the meat and milk is well-known and the principle industry here, the making of cheese and other dairy products is the result. Many of these are
392:
had no effect on life here. Ayapango gained municipality status in 1868. Originally, the municipality was larger, but in 1875, Ayapango lost the towns of
Zentlalpan and Santa Isabel Chalma to Amecameca. At the end of the 19th century, the state government considered disbanding the municipality and
387:
In 1563, the town of
Ayapango was begun to be built. By 1673, what is now the municipality of Ayapango was a small collection of communities, with most of the land owned by a few wealthy landholders such as the widow of Lorenzo de San Pedro and Nicolás de Galicia, who was the chief of the town of
509:
As municipal seat, the town of
Ayapango is the governing authority for the following communities: Mihuacán, Pahuacán, Poxtla, San Diego Chalcatepehuacán, Tlamapa, Ex-hacienda San Andrés Teticpan (Retana), Sémolo Grande, Juvencio Avendaño Méndez, Las Casitas (Tepexpan), Rancho San José, El Arenal
438:
The town has a population of only 3,072. The town's most distinctive feature are the older houses that conserve a kind of a "French" style as much for their form as for the materials they are construction with. The walls are thick adobe and their roofs have two peaks covered with flat clay tile
352:
Sometime after this, records indicate that because of four-year drought, many here sold themselves to the Aztecs as slaves in order to survive. In 1479, winds caused crop damage and earthquakes caused a large number of homes to collapse and a number of landslides in the surrounding mountains.
416:
in 1950. This was in honor of Ramos Millan, who was born here and who created the
National Commission of Corn, working to introduce new seeds and farming techniques during the first half of the century. Ramos Millan died in a plane crash on Pico del Fraile, an elevation next to
528:" farm, which is the principal cheese producer in the municipality. It was founded by MarĂa del Pilar GarcĂa Luna, and currently run by her and her daughter, Elsa Aceves GarcĂa, who permit tours of the facility. This enterprise makes a number of different types of
510:(Camino al Arenal), Tepexpan, Rancho San Miguel, Colonia San Diego, Rancho Dos MarĂas, Rancho Nuestra Señora de Fátima and Predio el Calvario. The total area of the municipality is 36.63 km2 and it has a population of 6,361.
470:
elements that seem to be from the transitional period from the sober and solomonic eras as the elements show aspects from both. Inside there are oil painting with images of
Purgatory painted in the 18th century.
609:
326:, including what is now Ayapango, in the 12th and 13th centuries. They settled and eventually formed alliances with tribes that were already here. These alliances eventually coalesced into the kingdom of
405:
government tried to recruit here for the federal army, most managed to avoid service. After the
Revolution, two of the main haciendas, Retana and De Bautista were expropriated and converted into five
521:
located on the farms themselves such as "El Lucero." This has attracted some tourism for its cheese and ex-haciendas such as Retana and Santa Maria, have been used a sets for
Mexican movies.
393:
merging the entire territory to
Amecameca because Ayapango's economic situation was precarious, making it difficult to maintain its own government. While Ayapango mostly stayed out of the
486:." This very old building was constructed on a hill of volcanic rock. The building is almost completely in ruins, in no small part due to people taking pieces of the worked stone.
422:
the need to travel outside the municipality for this education. However, life still remains difficult here, with many going to other towns or countries in order to find work.
327:
513:
Most of municipality is grassland with a number of elevations such as
Coronilla, Sacromonte, Coxtocán, Retana and Xoyacán Mountains. There are no rivers here, only a few
621:
726:
287:. It's municipal seat and largest town is Ayapango de Gabriel Ramos Millán. Despite the fact that this municipality is distinctly rural, it falls within the
642:
551:
In contrast, the ex hacienda of Santa Cruz Tamariz is in ruins and is illegally occupied by a number of families. It is located very near the village of
323:
822:
696:
754:
1536:
1531:
319:
82:
844:
555:, which has a temple in which all of the facade, including the columns, are covered in tezontle, a blood-red porous volcanic rock.
878:
337:
Cuauhquiyahuacatzintli, who authored a song called "The Female Enemy" and made himself famous by singing it at the palace of
333:
The earliest recorded data concerning Ayapango itself goes back to 1430. It relates to a noble from here by the name of
852:
1236:
730:
1276:
1261:
572:
349:. Axayacatl was so impressed with the song, he adopted Aquiauhtzin as his own son and gave him inheritance rights.
1436:
1461:
1156:
646:
50:
1046:
489:
Food here is simple, with most of the dishes keeping much of their pre-Hispanic flavor, such as mushroom soup,
837:
981:
991:
700:
1451:
1316:
1446:
1326:
1196:
389:
1496:
1346:
1486:
1031:
365:
214:
1016:
1076:
996:
376:, which was part of the Chalco region. Ecclesiastically, it was under the Franciscan jurisdiction of
1241:
372:. After the Conquest, the territory was reorganized so that Ayapango fell under the jurisdiction of
1256:
1171:
830:
276:
249:
1271:
1191:
1186:
1001:
1251:
1211:
1166:
1136:
1071:
1006:
946:
1391:
1296:
1141:
901:
1096:
941:
812:
800:
463:
1041:
906:
1106:
467:
413:
409:, Ayapango, San BartolomĂ© Mihuacán, San MartĂn Pahuacán, San CristĂłbal Poxtla and Tlamapa.
224:
8:
1406:
1246:
1051:
936:
397:, peasant sympathies for the rebels were strong due to poor treatment of farm workers by
288:
1456:
911:
1511:
394:
381:
1336:
1086:
1061:
788:
529:
1331:
1266:
1021:
369:
292:
132:
1381:
1091:
860:
855:
517:
that flow during the rainy season such as the Hueyatla, Tlaxcanac and Los Reyes.
280:
137:
1371:
1011:
418:
1466:
1441:
610:"Ayapango, donde los detalles hacen a un pueblo inolvidable (Estado de MĂ©xico)"
514:
211:
1361:
482:
Two kilometers south of the church is another set of Franciscan ruins called "
1525:
1311:
1281:
986:
792:
533:
402:
97:
84:
37:
1476:
1121:
1036:
1026:
576:
1491:
1351:
498:
342:
573:"The Columbia Gazetteer of North America Ayapango de Gabriel Ramos Millan"
1481:
1401:
1376:
1366:
1306:
1221:
951:
377:
334:
284:
697:"Enciclopedia de los Municipios de Mexico – Estado de Mexico – Ayapango"
450:
1356:
1341:
1216:
1181:
1131:
1126:
1116:
1111:
1081:
1066:
315:
1291:
780:
430:
306:
1471:
1426:
1301:
1231:
1201:
1176:
1151:
1056:
976:
926:
785:
Mexico Desconocido Guia Especial:Puebles Con Encanto del Bicentenario
373:
360:
The Spanish passing through the Valley of Chalco towards Tenochtitlan
338:
202:
1501:
1431:
1421:
1411:
1396:
1386:
1286:
1146:
1101:
971:
961:
956:
921:
916:
545:
494:
474:
398:
356:
1321:
1206:
1161:
891:
886:
541:
490:
1416:
1226:
931:
896:
869:
537:
346:
125:
265:
755:"OrganizĂł el INAH una visita a Ayapango y a Tenango del Aire"
406:
231:
207:
380:. Ayapango was evangelized under the direction of Friar
778:
301:
536:, which is sold in Mexico City, and the states of
16:Town & Municipality in State of Mexico, Mexico
412:Ayapango's official named changed to Ayapango de
1523:
607:
368:, Ayapango was under the Aztec jurisdiction of
838:
779:Quintanar Hinojosa (ed), Beatriz (Sep 2009).
434:View from plaza overlooking the "Casa Grande"
774:
772:
749:
747:
291:. The town is known for its "French style" (
643:"Blog del Estado de Mexico – Temas-Turismo"
845:
831:
769:
744:
691:
689:
687:
685:
683:
608:Cariño Preciado, Luis F. (January 2000).
603:
601:
599:
597:
595:
593:
310:View of municipality from monastery ruins
681:
679:
677:
675:
673:
671:
669:
667:
665:
663:
473:
449:
429:
366:Tenochtitlan fell to the Spanish in 1521
355:
305:
279:located in the southeast portion of the
1537:Populated places in the State of Mexico
721:
719:
717:
565:
168:Pedro Alfonso Sánchez Solares 2013–2015
1524:
590:
1532:Municipalities of the State of Mexico
826:
660:
165: • Municipal President
714:
524:In San CristĂłbal Poxtla is located "
302:History of the town and municipality
635:
504:
13:
14:
1548:
1510:
854:
118:
57:
56:
49:
36:
330:under a lord named Atonaltzin.
1:
558:
289:Mexico City Metropolitan Area
729:(in Spanish). Archived from
699:(in Spanish). Archived from
447:" (The French-style House).
176:2,440 m (8,010 ft)
7:
1447:Valle de Chalco Solidaridad
1262:San MartĂn de las Pirámides
757:(in Spanish). El Informador
425:
390:Mexican War of Independence
10:
1553:
982:Chalco de DĂaz Covarrubias
460:Parish of Santiago Apostol
454:Parish of Santiago Apostol
328:Itztlacozauhcan Amecamecan
1508:
877:
867:
258:
248:
238:
221:
201:
193:
186: • Municipality
185:
180:
172:
164:
159:
151:
143:
131:
113:
78:
44:
35:
28:
21:
553:San Francisco Zentlalpan
1327:Tenancingo de Degollado
1282:Soyaniquilpan de Juárez
1252:San Felipe del Progreso
1017:Coacalco de Berriozábal
443:" (Big House) and the "
30:Town & Municipality
902:Almoloya de Alquisiras
575:. 2000. Archived from
479:
455:
435:
361:
311:
1272:San SimĂłn de Guerrero
477:
453:
433:
359:
345:, the capital of the
309:
239:Postal code (of seat)
223: • Summer (
98:19.12639°N 98.80278°W
947:Atizapán de Zaragoza
703:on November 16, 2006
414:Gabriel Ramos Millan
1407:Tlalnepantla de Baz
1257:San José del Rincón
1247:San Antonio la Isla
1177:Naucalpan de Juárez
1052:Ecatepec de Morelos
727:"INEGI Census 2005"
103:19.12639; -98.80278
94: /
1042:Cuautitlán Izcalli
907:Almoloya de Juárez
811:has generic name (
614:Mexico Desconocido
480:
462:, is dedicated to
456:
436:
401:owners. While the
395:Mexican Revolution
382:Martin de Valencia
370:Tenango (del Aire)
362:
312:
70:Location in Mexico
1519:
1518:
1337:Tenango del Valle
1087:Ixtapan de la Sal
478:Entrance to ruins
458:The church here,
270:
269:
194: • Seat
1544:
1514:
1457:Villa del CarbĂłn
1452:Villa de Allende
1332:Tenango del Aire
1267:San Mateo Atenco
1022:Coatepec Harinas
912:Almoloya del RĂo
859:
858:
847:
840:
833:
824:
823:
817:
816:
810:
806:
804:
796:
776:
767:
766:
764:
762:
751:
742:
741:
739:
738:
723:
712:
711:
709:
708:
693:
658:
657:
655:
654:
645:. Archived from
639:
633:
632:
630:
629:
620:. Archived from
605:
588:
587:
585:
584:
569:
505:The municipality
445:Casa Afrancesada
324:Valley of Chalco
264:
228:
152:Municipal Status
124:
122:
121:
109:
108:
106:
105:
104:
99:
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87:
60:
59:
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40:
19:
18:
1552:
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1547:
1546:
1545:
1543:
1542:
1541:
1522:
1521:
1520:
1515:
1506:
1092:Ixtapan del Oro
873:
863:
861:State of Mexico
853:
851:
821:
820:
808:
807:
798:
797:
777:
770:
760:
758:
753:
752:
745:
736:
734:
725:
724:
715:
706:
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695:
694:
661:
652:
650:
641:
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636:
627:
625:
606:
591:
582:
580:
571:
570:
566:
561:
507:
428:
304:
283:, southeast of
281:State of Mexico
262:
244:
222:
138:State of Mexico
119:
117:
102:
100:
96:
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68:
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31:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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1540:
1539:
1534:
1517:
1516:
1509:
1507:
1505:
1504:
1499:
1494:
1489:
1484:
1479:
1474:
1469:
1467:Villa Victoria
1464:
1462:Villa Guerrero
1459:
1454:
1449:
1444:
1442:Valle de Bravo
1439:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1369:
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1359:
1354:
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1344:
1339:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1192:Nicolás Romero
1189:
1187:NezahualcĂłyotl
1184:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1157:Melchor Ocampo
1154:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1084:
1079:
1074:
1069:
1064:
1059:
1054:
1049:
1044:
1039:
1034:
1029:
1024:
1019:
1014:
1009:
1004:
999:
994:
989:
984:
979:
974:
969:
964:
959:
954:
949:
944:
939:
934:
929:
924:
919:
914:
909:
904:
899:
894:
889:
883:
881:
879:Municipalities
875:
874:
868:
865:
864:
850:
849:
842:
835:
827:
819:
818:
768:
743:
713:
659:
634:
589:
563:
562:
560:
557:
530:Mexican cheese
506:
503:
427:
424:
322:came into the
303:
300:
277:municipalities
275:is one of 125
268:
267:
260:
256:
255:
252:
246:
245:
242:
240:
236:
235:
229:
219:
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178:
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115:
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76:
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69:
63:
62:
55:
54:
48:
47:
46:
45:
42:
41:
33:
32:
29:
26:
25:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1549:
1538:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1529:
1527:
1513:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1488:
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1483:
1480:
1478:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1465:
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1460:
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1455:
1453:
1450:
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1440:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1392:Tianguistenco
1390:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1317:Temascaltepec
1315:
1313:
1312:Temascalcingo
1310:
1308:
1305:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1288:
1285:
1283:
1280:
1278:
1275:
1273:
1270:
1268:
1265:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1243:
1240:
1238:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1228:
1225:
1223:
1220:
1218:
1215:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1198:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1188:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1168:
1167:Mexicaltzingo
1165:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1140:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1047:Donato Guerra
1045:
1043:
1040:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1028:
1025:
1023:
1020:
1018:
1015:
1013:
1010:
1008:
1005:
1003:
1000:
998:
995:
993:
990:
988:
987:Chapa de Mota
985:
983:
980:
978:
975:
973:
970:
968:
965:
963:
960:
958:
955:
953:
950:
948:
945:
943:
940:
938:
935:
933:
930:
928:
925:
923:
920:
918:
915:
913:
910:
908:
905:
903:
900:
898:
895:
893:
890:
888:
885:
884:
882:
880:
876:
871:
866:
862:
857:
848:
843:
841:
836:
834:
829:
828:
825:
814:
802:
794:
790:
786:
782:
781:"Tlalmanalco"
775:
773:
756:
750:
748:
733:on 2007-03-28
732:
728:
722:
720:
718:
702:
698:
692:
690:
688:
686:
684:
682:
680:
678:
676:
674:
672:
670:
668:
666:
664:
649:on 2009-01-31
648:
644:
638:
624:on 2009-03-23
623:
619:
615:
611:
604:
602:
600:
598:
596:
594:
579:on 2005-09-02
578:
574:
568:
564:
556:
554:
549:
547:
543:
539:
535:
534:Oaxaca cheese
531:
527:
522:
518:
516:
511:
502:
500:
496:
492:
487:
485:
476:
472:
469:
465:
461:
452:
448:
446:
442:
432:
423:
420:
415:
410:
408:
404:
400:
396:
391:
385:
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379:
375:
371:
367:
358:
354:
350:
348:
344:
340:
336:
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79:Coordinates:
77:
52:
43:
39:
34:
27:
20:
1492:Zinacantepec
1372:Texcaltitlán
1352:Tepetlaoxtoc
1077:Huixquilucan
1012:Chimalhuacán
966:
801:cite journal
784:
759:. Retrieved
735:. Retrieved
731:the original
705:. Retrieved
701:the original
651:. Retrieved
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419:Popocatépetl
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363:
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343:Tenochtitlan
332:
313:
295:
272:
271:
263:(in Spanish)
215:(US Central)
1497:Zumpahuacán
1482:Zacazonapan
1402:Tlalmanalco
1377:Texcalyacac
1367:Tequixquiac
1362:Tepotzotlán
1347:Teotihuacán
1307:Temascalapa
1277:Santo Tomás
1222:Otzolotepec
1002:Chicoloapan
992:Chapultepec
952:Atlacomulco
809:|last=
484:El Calvario
464:Saint James
441:Casa Grande
378:Tlalmanalco
335:Aquiauhtzin
320:Teotenancas
316:Chichimecas
296:afrancesado
285:Mexico City
101: /
1526:Categories
1477:Xonacatlán
1357:Tepetlixpa
1342:Teoloyucan
1237:Polotitlán
1217:Otzoloapan
1197:Nopaltepec
1182:Nextlalpan
1132:Juchitepec
1127:Joquicingo
1122:Jocotitlán
1117:Jiquipilco
1112:Jilotzingo
1097:Ixtlahuaca
1082:Ixtapaluca
1072:Hueypoxtla
1067:Huehuetoca
1037:Cuautitlán
1027:Cocotitlán
1007:Chiconcuac
737:2009-05-03
707:2009-05-08
653:2009-05-05
628:2009-05-10
583:2009-05-06
559:References
532:, such as
181:Population
160:Government
89:98°48′10″W
86:19°07′35″N
1487:Zacualpan
1472:Xalatlaco
1437:Tultitlán
1427:Tonanitla
1302:Temamatla
1297:Tejuplico
1232:Papalotla
1202:Ocoyoacac
1152:Malinalco
1107:Jilotepec
1057:Ecatzingo
1032:Coyotepec
977:Capulhuac
927:Amecameca
872:(capital)
793:1870-9419
787:: 74–79.
526:El Lucero
374:Amecameca
339:Axayacatl
250:Area code
234:(Central)
203:Time zone
173:Elevation
1502:Zumpango
1432:Tultepec
1422:Tonatico
1412:Tlatlaya
1397:Timilpan
1387:Tezoyuca
1287:Sultepec
1147:Luvianos
1102:Jaltenco
997:Chiautla
972:Calimaya
967:Ayapango
962:Axapusco
957:Atlautla
942:Atizapán
922:Amatepec
917:Amanalco
546:Guerrero
495:barbacoa
426:The town
399:hacienda
273:Ayapango
64:Ayapango
23:Ayapango
1382:Texcoco
1322:Temoaya
1292:Tecámac
1207:Ocuilan
1172:Morelos
1162:Metepec
892:Acolman
887:Acambay
542:Morelos
515:arroyos
491:mixiote
468:Baroque
293:Spanish
259:Website
212:Central
144:Founded
114:Country
1417:Toluca
1227:Ozumba
1212:Otumba
1137:La Paz
1062:El Oro
937:Atenco
932:Apaxco
897:Aculco
870:Toluca
791:
761:May 7,
538:Puebla
407:ejidos
347:Aztecs
126:Mexico
123:
1242:RayĂłn
1142:Lerma
364:When
243:56760
232:UTC-5
208:UTC-6
197:3,072
189:8,864
133:State
813:help
789:ISSN
763:2009
544:and
499:mole
497:and
403:Diaz
318:and
314:The
155:1868
147:1563
618:275
341:in
254:597
225:DST
1528::
805::
803:}}
799:{{
783:.
771:^
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832:v
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227:)
217:)
210:(
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