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349:. British debate was motivated by economic and commercial imperatives rather than a concern for the health and welfare of the Empire. According to late nineteenth century thinking and beliefs the tropics were seen as unsuitable for white people because of confused notions about race, place and causes of disease. Certain diseases were believed to be related to place and climate although research was to show that disease was related to social and economic environment as well. These long held European ideas reinforced the belief that there was a need for medical research in order to ensure the economic success of European colonies in tropical regions.
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Research became impossible because of the lack of funds and staff for field trips. After the institute was absorbed into the newly established
Commonwealth Department of Health, Breinl lost control, completely, of the direction of research. He resigned in October 1921 and spent the rest of his life in private practice in
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and the loss of hospital staff seriously affected the work of the institute. Breinl had to assume the role of
Medical Superintendent of the Townsville Hospital and Quarantine Officer while at the same time continuing his research at the institute. During the war years he also treated servicemen sent
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Breinl and his laboratory assistant
Fielding, were the only members of the new Australian Institute of Tropical Medicine. They were housed in a three-room building which had been a wardsman's quarters in the grounds of Townsville Hospital. Part of the work included field work collecting native fauna
360:. Following Britain's lead European colonial powers also opened research institutes. At first Australia sent funds to the British institutes to support their research program but, by 1902, Australian medical practitioners were suggesting that a similar research facility be established in Australia.
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The corrugated steel roof is half-hipped with gablets to the front and rear. The timber verandah has a dowelled balustrade to the upper level, and a boarded valance, ripple iron ceiling and concrete floor to the lower level. From the upper level are views to the north over adjoining buildings. The
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gave approval for expanded research into physiological and anthropological problems associated with white people living in the tropics. To facilitate this growth in research a new laboratory and animal house was constructed. The new
Institute was opened on 28 June 1913 by Queensland Governor, Sir
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The building is significant for its association with the work of Anton Breinl, an exceptional medical scientist who, before his arrival in
Australia in 1910, had received awards for his contribution to tropical medical research. During his time as director of the Australian Institute of Tropical
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Despite his resignation from the
Quarantine position Breinl continued his research work in the institute. Unfortunately, after the war, the Commonwealth tightened control over finances and the direction of research. Staff were not replaced and by 1920 Breinl was the only medical staff member.
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Although not the first building they used, it was the first building purpose-built for this use. Opened in 1913, it is the oldest surviving building in the
Townsville General Hospital complex, and the last of that style surviving.
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laboratories, research laboratories, and an acoustics test room, and the north end of the first floor converted to a bachelor's flat. By 1971, survey drawings called the building the "Commonwealth Health
Laboratory, Townsville".
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Drawings dated 1984 show planning for the "restoration" of the
Tropical Institute was underway. About 1990, the Angelo Gabrielli Research Laboratory was installed as a memorial, with assistance from Townsville Mount Stuart
578:. Within the corridor are several display cases containing equipment and photographs of Anton Breinl's trips to Papua in 1912 and 1913. This equipment includes a microscope, rifle, camera and various medical equipment.
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Medicine, Breinl instigated research into many tropical diseases, identifying several and, along with other team members, developed treatment for many of the diseases which plagued early settlers in North
Queensland.
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The first floor contains the library and laboratory spaces. The library has a pressed metal ceiling and timber bookshelves and cabinets. One cabinet contains a collection of journals owned by Anton Breinl, including
552:, dwarfed behind Blocks "A" and "B", which now have the views of the bay. Facing north-east, it sits on the corner of an internal roadway, on a sloping site being partly cut into the hill, and partly mounted on a
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In 1912 the staff was increased to six with the employment of a parasitologist, bacteriologist, biochemist and entomologist. The work of the Institute expanded as the scientists investigated diseases such as
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The building constructed as the Australian Institute of Tropical Medicine in 1913, was the first tropical institute in Australia, and important in establishing tropical medical research in North Queensland.
398:, although some concern was expressed about the distance of the research centre from southern medical schools. While generally the medical profession hoped that the inaugural doctor would be Australian, Dr
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from New Guinea and from the Middle East who had malaria. In early January 1916 Breinl resigned from the position of Quarantine Officer after becoming embroiled in a bitter public controversy over his
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The external walls are rendered masonry, with external engaged piers. There are French doors and casement windows to both levels, opening onto the verandahs. The internal walls are vertical beaded
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that a pathologist be employed to research and treat patients with a number of tropical diseases. Ross' plan was to discover the causes of disease in order to prevent further outbreaks.
548:
The Australian Institute of Tropical Medicine Building is a two-storeyed rectangular building with encircling two-storey timber verandah. It is located within the grounds of the former
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649:, it is still in use as a research facility for tropical medicine. The library, which is substantially intact, contains collections of journals which belonged to Anton Breinl.
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ancestry. While many in the community supported Dr Breinl and valued his work, others called for his deportation or suggested that he be confined behind "barbed wire".
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of Townsville led the campaign after a member of his staff died from an unknown disease. He gained local support and in 1907 Gordon Ross, Medical Superintendent of the
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to 1913. It is also known as Anton Breinl Centre and James Cook University Department of Public Health and Tropical Medicine Building. It was added to the
31:
505:, appointed in 1923. Cilento remained Director until 1928. In 1930 the Australian Institute of Tropical Medicine was moved to the School of Health at the
525:. The work was done by the Gabrielli family building firm whose director, Angelo died of a rare tropical disease. A plaque within the corridor says the '
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James Cook University Department of Public Health and Tropical Medicine Building, Anton Breinl Centre, Australian Institute of Tropical Medicine
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The place has a special association with the life or work of a particular person, group or organisation of importance in Queensland's history.
406:. He was an exceptional medical scientist who had received awards for his contribution to tropical medicine, particularly for his work with
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The place has a strong or special association with a particular community or cultural group for social, cultural or spiritual reasons.
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In 1908, responding to the concerns of the medical profession and the community, the Government decided to establish an institute in
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The building was one of a group of international Institutes of Tropical Medicine, and its research was recognised internationally.
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During the early years of the twentieth century there was much debate in Europe and Australia about the need for research into
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The ground floor has a central corridor with offices to either side accessed through four-panel doors with
402:, an Austrian, was appointed. Breinl, who arrived in Townsville on 1 January 1910, had been working in the
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322:. MacGregor was a medical doctor and had a keen interest in tropical medicine as a practitioner in the
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for examination in the laboratory, examining data for medical practitioners and collection of data.
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727:"James Cook University Department of Public Health and Tropical Medicine Building (entry 600889)"
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556:. There is a garden of palms and tropical plants to the north-eastern and north-western sides.
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The place demonstrates rare, uncommon or endangered aspects of Queensland's cultural heritage.
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from 1925. One of the laboratories has been named the Angelo Gabrielli Research Laboratory.
474:. During this period Breinl identified amoebic dysentery during one of his research trip to
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In response to the thinking and concerns of the day research schools were opened in 1899 in
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The place is important in demonstrating the evolution or pattern of Queensland's history.
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755:"Institute of Tropical Medicine, Townsville, recently opened by Sir William MacGREGOR"
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By 1911 Breinl was able to show the need for more staff and better premises when the
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819:. Vol. XXVI, no. 1412. Queensland, Australia. 12 September 1912. p. 3
763:. Vol. LXXVI, no. 1, 961. Queensland, Australia. 25 July 1913. p. 24
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This article is about the AITM building. For the medical research institute, see
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791:. Vol. LVI, no. 462. Queensland, Australia. 28 June 1913. p. 6
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The establishment of an Australian research centre was seen imperative after
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Location of Australian Institute of Tropical Medicine Building in Queensland
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on 8 October 2014). The geo-coordinates were originally computed from the
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The Australian Institute of Tropical Medicine Building was listed on the
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342:. He had also visited the institute on previous occasions as governor.
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A succession of directors followed Breinl's resignation, including
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south-east and south-west verandahs are enclosed and clad with
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414:. The treatment he helped develop, using an organic arsenical "
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Australian Institute of Tropical Medicine building (Australia)
27:
Heritage-listed 1913 medical building in Townsville, Australia
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In 2004, the Anton Breinl Centre moved to the main campus of
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on 21 October 1992 having satisfied the following criteria.
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Queensland Heritage Register sites located in Townsville
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Australian Institute of Tropical Medicine Building, 1992
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Drawings dated 1957 show the ground floor including
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Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine
540:to a new building in the Medical School precinct.
273:Australian Institute of Tropical Medicine Building
42:Australian Institute of Tropical Medicine Building
18:Australian Institute of Tropical Medicine Building
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533:, Minister for Social Security on 2 July 1992'.
845:This Knowledge article was originally based on
827:– via National Library of Australia.
799:– via National Library of Australia.
771:– via National Library of Australia.
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896:Australian Institute of Tropical Medicine
866:"Queensland heritage register boundaries"
527:Anton Breinl Centre for Tropical Medicine
312:Australian Institute of Tropical Medicine
529:was officially opened by the Honourable
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877:licence (accessed on 5 September 2014,
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848:"The Queensland heritage register"
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608:Newly opened building in July 1913
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735:. Queensland Heritage Council
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310:The building that houses the
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911:Queensland Heritage Register
732:Queensland Heritage Register
614:Queensland Heritage Register
454:, many unidentified fevers,
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898:at Wikimedia Commons
881:on 15 October 2014).
788:Darling Downs Gazette
647:James Cook University
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538:James Cook University
427:Australian Government
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275:is a heritage-listed
261:Show map of Australia
507:University of Sydney
381:Department of Health
302:on 21 October 1992.
100:19.2532°S 146.8126°E
871:State of Queensland
853:State of Queensland
783:"Tropical medicine"
760:The Week (Brisbane)
584:Bulletin of Hygiene
430:William MacGregor.
316:Queensland Governor
279:at Clifton Street,
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588:Journal of Hygiene
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390:Anton Breinl, 1910
371:. Anglican Bishop
336:British New Guinea
285:City of Townsville
191:Significant period
183:Reference no.
105:-19.2532; 146.8126
68:City of Townsville
894:Media related to
869:published by the
851:published by the
569:tongue-and-groove
456:amoebic dysentery
412:sleeping sickness
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836:Attribution
816:Cairns Post
586:from 1927,
544:Description
483:World War I
296: 1912
131: 1912
103: /
91:146°48′45″E
79:Coordinates
74:, Australia
905:Categories
662:References
523:Lions Club
496:Townsville
476:New Guinea
444:filariasis
338:, and the
324:Seychelles
289:Queensland
277:laboratory
175:Designated
141:A. S. Frew
88:19°15′12″S
72:Queensland
823:2 January
795:2 January
767:2 January
576:fanlights
358:Liverpool
328:Mauritius
138:Architect
879:archived
861:archived
739:1 August
571:boards.
452:hookworm
373:Frodsham
59:Location
488:Sudeten
472:gangosa
464:leprosy
448:typhoid
436:malaria
306:History
873:under
855:under
554:plinth
416:atoxyl
369:Cairns
354:London
186:600889
133:–1913
124:Built
825:2022
797:2022
769:2022
741:2014
470:and
468:yaws
356:and
332:Fiji
318:Sir
167:Type
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