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government facilitated the abandonment of Happy Valley in cooperation with the
Regional Municipality of Sudbury and FNM. The controversial decision made headlines; it was the first instance in which the provincial government financed the relocation of an entire community because of air pollution. Most Happy Valley residents had accepted compensation for their homes and moved away by the mid-1970s, although at least one resident refused to sell his property and remained in the area until the late-1980s. Today, the ghost town is off limits to the general public and protected by a large barbed-wire fence.
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entrepreneurs, established a community along the river bank that was eventually known as
Wahnapitae. In its heyday, Wahnapitae was a large, booming community that boasted a number of banks, general stores, clothing stores, hotels, and various other enterprises. It also possessed its own separate school (St. Peter) and public school (Wahnapitae Public School) and even had a water tower and a train station (it was located along the East West main line of the Canadian Pacific Railway).
51:
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348:, which constructed a new direct line linking Sudbury and Toronto via Romford Junction. The population had risen to 20 families during this period and settlers requested the establishment of a local post office, which had to be named; the name Neelon was originally considered, but Dennis O'Brien, a local settler who became the first
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The community of
Wahnapitae is located east of Sudbury along Highway 17. It was the first settlement to be established in Nickel Centre and was supposed to be the main community within the Sudbury district because it was located along a major waterway. Originally, it was thought that Sudbury would be
382:
Order A4741 on
January 1, 1934, and remained such until the establishment of regional government. Prior to its annexation into Nickel Centre, the town's mayors were Edgar Taylor Austin (1934–46), Roy Snitch (1947–52), Walter Kilimnik (1953–57), William Evershed (1958-59), Maurice Beauchemin (1960–62)
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of Happy Valley, originally known as Spruce Valley, was first inhabited in 1906 by workers from the nearby mine at Garson. Not wanting to live in a state of dependency in the company town, they built this smaller town of humble shacks with narrow streets. In 1930, the Garson Mine shut down, and the
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As the number of viable trees for harvesting dwindled and mining began to take hold, the community of
Wahnapitae lost its momentum. Suddenly, people were choosing mining towns over Wahnapitae and eventually the town became a shadow of its former glory. Wahnapitae remained an unorganized township
804:
at
Falconbridge created severe pollution problems in Happy Valley, as heavy sulphur emissions from the smelter would become trapped in the valley. For years, workers suspected that they were being poisoned by pollution, and these fears were confirmed in the 1960s and 1970s as society grew more
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By the early 1970s, the roughly one hundred people who lived in Happy Valley were still suffering daily from air pollution produced by the nearby operations of
Falconbridge Nickel Mines Limited (FNM). After years of pressure to do something about this situation, in the early 1970s the Ontario
770:
In the early days of the town, logging was the major industry of the area. Many lumber companies established their operations along the
Wanapitei River and the river itself was used to send the harvested logs to Southern Ontario for processing. Workers and their families, as well as various
371:. Coniston was chosen due to its more favourable rail connections and terrain. As part of the relocation, Mond purchased five family farms totalling 3,700 acres (1,500 ha), which "brought an end to the agricultural orientation of the community." Coniston was re-established as a Mond
709:. The community was known as Bowlands Bay and the bay as Bowland Bay until 1975 when the present spellings were adopted. However, the old spelling continues on the local street Bowlands Bay Road. Boland's Bay (spelled Bowlands Bay in older timetables) was a
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until the amalgamation of the
Regional Municipality of Sudbury in 1973 and in 2001, it became part of the City of Greater Sudbury. The town that began as a logging and farming settlement is today mostly a residential community.
896:
336:. The first settlers in the Coniston area were the Butler family, who arrived in 1902. They were joined by five other families by 1904, who created their own farms. Common crops included hay, rye, and oats. The
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just a small settlement in the area, but with the discovery of ore and a shift from logging to mining, Sudbury became the focal point of the district and
Wahnapitae was relegated to a smaller role.
375:, with many existing company houses being relocated from Victoria Mines, along with the provision of a modern planned town with a street grid, sidewalks, and a water distribution system.
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until the Longyear Drilling Company bought it in 1911. Longyear subsequently merged with other small mining companies in the area to form the basis of what would ultimately become
319:, the boundaries of the Sudbury population centre were revised to retain Garson but exclude Falconbridge, while a new population centre was added for Coniston (population 1,814).
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and Randy Boyd as well as many other great hockey players. Coniston also includes the smaller neighbourhood of Austin, which may also be known as Old Coniston. This area borders
352:, decided on the name Coniston after it was suggested to him by T. Johnson, a railway construction superintendent who had been reading a novel set in the village of
825:, the city's main airport, is located in Nickel Centre approximately halfway between Falconbridge and Skead, although its official mailing address is in Garson.
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logging railway from Wahnapitae, establishing its main operations at Headquarters Lake, near the Garson townsite. Logs from this area were taken to the
387:(1963-72). Solski, the final mayor of Coniston as an independent town, won election to the mayoralty of the amalgamated town of Nickel Centre in 1972.
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and is home to a baseball field. The baseball field was abandoned and decommissioned prior to 2000 when Coniston became part of Greater Sudbury.
809:. For several years, the community reached a deal with Falconbridge that the smelter would not operate on days when a north wind was blowing.
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315:) of Sudbury, while the census tracts corresponding to the former boundaries of Nickel Centre had a population of 13,232. In the
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763:. The correct spelling of the community's name should not be confused with the correct spelling for the water bodies.
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Falconbridge Ltd. built the Edison Building in 1969 to serve as its head office. Falconbridge Ltd. was taken over by
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was unsuccessful in establishing a mining operation, and abandoned his original claim in 1903. The claim reverted to
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community, when the Spanish River Lumber Company relocated there from its original mill site, near the mouth of the
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The community is named after the geographic township of Garson, named by the Ontario Government in the 1880s for
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288:. On January 1, 2001, the town and the Regional Municipality were dissolved and amalgamated into the city of
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in 2006. In 2007, Xstrata donated the Edison Building to the city to serve as the new home of the municipal
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Skead is located approximately 25 kilometres northeast of downtown Sudbury, and situated on south shore of
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The area was first developed in 1888 as a logging camp, by the Holland and Emery Lumber Company of
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incident occurred in the community on November 11, 1975, later reported in a press release by
438:, a justice of the High Court of Ontario. The original settlement in the township was a small
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arrived in Coniston in 1913, relocating its smelter operations from the earlier settlement of
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1225:""Who Killed Happy Valley?": Air Pollution and the Birth of an Ontario Ghost Town, 1969-1974"
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and sighted in binoculars, and estimated to be a 100-ft. diameter sphere with craters. Seven
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Industrial Communities of the Sudbury Basin: Copper Cliff, Victoria Mines, Mond and Coniston
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police officers also witnessed the UFO. Some explanations given for the sightings included
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purchased the company for $ 2,500,000 and finally sunk the Falconbridge deposit's first
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Coniston was subsequently incorporated under the provisions of the Municipal Act by
205:
Population computed by combining Census Tracts 5800100.00, 5800101.00 and 5800102.00
177:
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718:
635:
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503:
333:
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The Edison building, built by Falconbridge Ltd. in 1969, here photographed in 1985
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Skead's address and telephone service also includes the smaller neighbourhood of
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Coniston was a part of the geographic Neelon Township, which was named after
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Falconbridge was incorporated as a town in 1957. The town's first and only
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906:. Vol. 2. Sudbury and District Historical Society. pp. 45–56.
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Canada 2011 Census Community Profiles: Population Centre of Sudbury
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The geographic township of Falconbridge was named in the 1880s for
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route and thence on a new alignment past Coniston and Wahnapitae.
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The role of Thomas Edison in the establishment of Falconbridge
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929:"Canadian Pacific Railway Bruce Division, MacTier Subdivision"
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area is slated to be expanded through Nickel Centre toward
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Notable residents of Coniston have included hockey players
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594:. The defunct Kirkwood Mine was also located in Garson.
832:, passes through Coniston and Wahnapitae. Highway 17's
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workers were transferred to the mines at Falconbridge.
740:"Wahnapitae" redirects here. Not to be confused with
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Aerial view of Skead (top) with Boland's Bay at right
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near what is now Falconbridge's Centennial Park. The
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292:. The town is now divided between Wards 7 and 9 on
367:(located west of Sudbury), which swiftly became a
445:A significant ore body was discovered in 1902 by
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979:The Canadian UFO Report: The Best Cases Revealed
569:. Eventually this track was extended north into
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277:(1996 census population 13,017) was a town in
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981:, Chris Rutkowski and Geoff Dittman, 2006,
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553:. In that year this firm constructed a
502:. The object was tracked on radar from
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1212:Ontario Abandoned Places: Happy Valley
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747:The community takes its name from the
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1645:Populated places established in 1973
296:, and is represented by councillors
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590:was first developed in 1911 by the
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580:was built through Garson in 1908.
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1640:Neighbourhoods in Greater Sudbury
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356:in the Lake District of England.
55:Location of Nickel Centre within
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959:Greater Sudbury Heritage Museums
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436:William Glenholm Falconbridge
1151:Geographical Names Data Base
1121:Geographical Names Data Base
1090:Geographical Names Data Base
1059:Geographical Names Data Base
294:Greater Sudbury City Council
147:Greater Sudbury City Council
132: • City Councillor
29:Community in Ontario, Canada
7:
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143: • Governing Body
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1201:Freelang Ojibwe Dictionary
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630:. Skead was a stop on the
451:Edison Ore-Milling Company
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807:environmentally-conscious
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586:, which is now owned by
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1650:Former towns in Ontario
1002:"Alderdale Subdivision"
823:Greater Sudbury Airport
742:Wahnapitae First Nation
380:Ontario Municipal Board
1223:Miller, Scott (2020).
798:temperature inversions
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730:Alderdale Subdivision
681:46.65306°N 80.76639°W
647:Alderdale Subdivision
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429:
228: • Summer (
1181:Order No. 1996-R-152
1033:Order No. 1996-R-152
830:Trans-Canada Highway
551:East Tawas, Michigan
530:Birch Street, Garson
469:the following year.
686:46.65306; -80.76639
676: /
626:, Canadian Senator
592:Mond Nickel Company
546:from 1886 to 1890.
494:A visual and radar
361:Mond Nickel Company
1276:The Coniston Story
608:
538:, who represented
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317:Canada 2016 Census
305:Canada 2011 Census
300:and Deb McIntosh.
194: • Total
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1242:10.7202/1072235ar
1178:(18 April 1996),
1030:(18 April 1996),
869:Statistics Canada
514:, clouds, and/or
459:Falconbridge Ltd.
309:population centre
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16:(Redirected from
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1159:. Retrieved
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408:Leo Lafrance
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111:Incorporated
26:
1614:Worthington
1589:Val-Thérèse
1549:New Sudbury
1539:Minnow Lake
1439:Beaver Lake
1427:communities
1375:Valley East
1074:(community)
938:21 November
684: /
628:James Skead
584:Garson Mine
440:lumber camp
392:Neal Martin
385:Mike Solski
323:Communities
298:Mike Jakubo
249:Postal Code
136:Mike Jakubo
1634:Categories
1599:Wahnapitae
1519:High Falls
1494:Flour Mill
1454:Chelmsford
1398:Wahnapitae
1161:2017-12-02
1131:2017-12-02
1100:2017-12-02
1069:2017-12-02
965:2007-12-30
897:"Coniston"
852:References
790:ghost town
779:Ghost town
736:Wahnapitae
717:line from
690: (
671:80°45′59″W
668:46°39′11″N
634:line from
567:Lake Huron
467:mine shaft
455:Crown land
416:Highway 17
412:Andy Barbe
396:Noel Price
369:ghost town
350:postmaster
313:urban area
189:Population
160:Marc Serré
127:Government
1609:Whitefish
1584:Val-Caron
1579:South End
1564:St. Cloud
1554:O'Donnell
1444:Bell Park
1259:226610029
1251:0030-2953
723:North Bay
711:milepoint
703:eponymous
640:North Bay
588:Vale Inco
400:Toe Blake
262:Area code
211:Time zone
119:Dissolved
43:Community
1604:West End
1569:Sellwood
1544:Naughton
1499:Gatchell
1459:Coniston
895:(1986).
842:Markstay
482:archives
354:Coniston
328:Coniston
255:P0M, P3L
78:Province
1559:Onaping
1479:Dowling
1355:Capreol
1349:Sudbury
1334:Ontario
1187:25 July
1039:25 July
1012:20 July
834:freeway
802:smelter
719:Capreol
713:on the
636:Capreol
616:sawmill
542:in the
540:Lincoln
478:Xstrata
404:Jim Fox
303:In the
279:Ontario
180: (
164:Liberal
162: (
83:Ontario
66:Country
1534:Milnet
1529:Lively
1524:Levack
1509:Hanmer
1504:Garson
1434:Azilda
1380:Walden
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838:Walden
800:, the
753:Ojibwe
563:driven
522:Garson
202:
197:13,232
71:Canada
1619:Wanup
1574:Skead
1255:S2CID
1105:(bay)
900:(PDF)
755:word
598:Skead
512:Venus
500:NORAD
489:reeve
474:Swiss
237:UTC-4
216:UTC-5
102:Wards
1247:ISSN
1189:2020
1041:2020
1014:2020
983:ISBN
940:2021
908:ISBN
821:The
788:The
576:The
561:and
383:and
359:The
311:(or
173:MPPs
106:7, 9
90:City
1292:at
1283:at
1237:doi
1233:112
721:to
638:to
565:to
508:OPP
496:UFO
267:705
251:FSA
241:EDT
230:DST
220:EST
182:NDP
155:MPs
1636::
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