634:(66 ft) concentrated both hangar and SAM depots), some spartan solution for hosting the crew of 380, and the lack of an aft close-defence weapon: 6 were available at flanks and foredeck but the four Super-Rapido were placed at mid-ship, unable to fire directly both forward and behind. Also, the engine was of an outdated model, potentially dangerous and slow to operate from start. All these ships suffered from the age and the intense sea service, so their operational life was almost expired at the end of the 20th century, and only the delays of Horizon program allowed them to stay in service for several years longer than expected.
94:
133:
25:
2028:
942:
519:
while in the 1970s many torpedoes were built to have one or the other capability, lacking wire-guidance or homing sonar guidance. Twelve examples were on board, just as many as the smaller light torpedoes A.244 or Mk46 models with triple ILAS-3 launchers. A.244 had better shallow-waters capabilities, but they were limited in performances to Mk.44 level. Mk.46 torpedoes were better suited to attack depth and fast targets.
470:, these ships were designed for area air defence and also had a heavy gun armament. They were fitted with contemporary American radars and sonars, but also, as the next Italian ships, all the modern weapons made by Italian industry of the time, such torpedoes, helicopters and guns. Also some indigenous radars were fitted.
518:
missile. Though the new weapon had limited performance (roughly 10–12 km/36 knots, 24 km/24knts) being a conventional electrical torpedo, it was one of the better models of its time and was modernized with several updates. It was also one of the first to have both ASW and AS capabilities,
633:
What remained unsolved was the lack of a VDS (variable depth sonar), the construction vulnerability, with the tall superstructures made in aluminium (and so vulnerable to fire), the excessive amount of weapons and explosives in the small hull (especially in the aft superstructure, that in 20 metres
563:
3-D radar, in the aft 'mack', a US model that monitored the air space measuring also altitude, up to 300 kilometres (190 mi); and a RAN20S, 2-D radar on the fore mack, an
Italian model coupled with the other long range radar. The combination of two radars, one 3-D and the other 2-D was normal
602:
system on board, addressed only by the massive firepower of artilleries. However, at aft ship none of them could fire, so despite so many guns there were still blind spots in the defence at low altitudes. Coverage (in the aft sector) was only by Tartar/SM-1, capable of but not meant explicitly as
522:
The gunnery armament consisted of 6 guns of new generation, fully automatic and with high rate of fire: two
Compact, 127mm guns (foredeck) in single mounts, capable of firing at least 40 shells/minute, while (in substitution of unsatisfactory Model MM guns) new 76mm Compact were placed mid-ship.
629:
SAM complex was replaced by the RIM-66 Standard
Missile SM-1 system. So, with this new systems, these ships were able to cope with all the requirements: thanks to the Superapido and Albatross they had a much improved close-defence, especially against missiles, while OTOMAT allowed a long range,
490:
The superstructures were built with aluminium alloys in two blocks with one mack (this is the combination with the funnels supporting metallic, short trees used for radar equipment) each. The distance between the two superstructure blocks was high, as both the propulsion systems were located at
482:
class, but they were meant as a decisive improvement over these older vessels. They hull was more capable to resist high sea conditions, incorporating an aft superstructure used to accommodating two AB-212 anti-submarine warfare (ASW) helicopters. This gave the vessels an ASW capability, with
630:
anti-ship capability, together with AB-212 for targeting over the horizon. All this helped to bring these ships almost to the same level of the new de La Penne class, in 1991 still under construction, with even more weaponry (1 Super Rapido gun).
543:, and so, the hangar left limited space to the SM-1/Tartar depots for the Mk 13 launcher. The helicopters were second in importance only to the SM-1 missile systems, because torpedoes and guns were mainly useful for close defence of the ship. The
579:
For anti-submarine warfare they had a CWE610 hull sonar mounted. For ship defence, a pair of SCLAR rocket launcher for decoys were fitted. They were also capable to fire HE rockets if necessary. They had several others systems, for
598:. Within short range, however, there were many systems able to engage naval targets: A.184, two 127mm and four 76mm guns, the Tartar/SM-1MR missiles in their second role (like many naval SAMs). There was not a real
575:
illumination radars for the SM-1/Tartar placed in the aft superstructure, three RTN-10x employed for gun control, one over the turrion, the other two midship in the aft superstructure to serve the 76 mm guns.
624:
SAM launcher (directly replacing the 127mm turret). The four 76/62 mm guns remained, but the
Compact model was replaced by 76/62 Super Rapido (120 rpm, meant especially for anti-ship missile defence). The
1914:
506:, driving two shafts. It gave the vessels a speed of 33 knots (61 km/h; 38 mph) and endurance of 4,000 nautical miles (7,400 km; 4,600 mi) at 25 knots (46 km/h; 29 mph).
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Together with the 127 mm and the main air-defence system (Tartar/SM-1), all this weaponry made possible an effective air defence, both long range and close-in.
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In 1988–1989 they underwent extensive modernisations: it included the replacement of one 127 mm gun turrets and also the A.184 torpedoes with new weapons: a
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radar for low-altitude air and surface search, and a 3M20 navigation radar placed in the fore mack. Both served for surface and low level aircraft detection.
535:, medium helicopters modified by Agusta to perform naval roles, such as anti-submarine tasks, search and rescue, anti-ship search and attack (with small
762:
Armi da guerra enciclopedia, pag 863, De
Agostini publisher, 1984. This was the Italian edition of War Machines, Limited aerospace publishing, London.
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Despite the improvements in anti-aircraft warfare and in the ASW capability, there were still limitation and shortcomings in this new vessel design.
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s were meant to carry an effective area-defence surface-to-air missile and helicopters, while guns and torpedoes were short range defence systems.
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and took part in many missions, such as the
Lebanon crisis in 1982, and Gulf crisis in 1990–91. They were both retired in 2006.
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With this new design, in order to perform ASW tasks, the Marina
Militare opted for A.184 wired torpedoes instead of the
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The propulsion had a two steam-turbine system powered by four Foster
Wheeler boilers providing 73,000
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midships and over this, the 76 mm gun battery. The aft superstructure was dedicated to the
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for a ship equipped with the
Standard missile. The destroyers also had a single
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340:
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and communications and a SADOC-1 combat and communication system, similar to
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303:(7,400 km; 4,600 mi) at 25 kn (46 km/h; 29 mph)
759:
Po, Enrico, i caccia de La Penne, Rivista italiana Difesa (RID) n.6/93.
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The weaponry lacked a specific anti-ship missiles system, except the
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SSM system (midship, between the 76mm guns) and an eight-cell
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s were equipped with several electronic systems. They had an
515:
1923:
Italian destroyers, frigates and corvette classes post-1945
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missiles). These helicopters were large, comparable to the
478:
The design of these ships was related to the previous
904:
571:For fire control the vessels were mounted with two
750:Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1947–1995
273:4 × Foster Wheeler boilers providing 73,000
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46:but its sources remain unclear because it lacks
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1915:
1901:
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883:
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16:Italian class of guided missile destroyers
77:Learn how and when to remove this message
424:2 × 324 mm triple torpedo launchers
361:2 × 533 mm triple torpedo launchers
358:2 × 324 mm triple torpedo launchers
2181:
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878:
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715:Italcantieri Castellamare di Stabia
244:140.7 m (461 ft 7 in)
18:
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252:14.7 m (48 ft 3 in)
14:
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531:Aft there was the hangar for two
260:4.5 m (14 ft 9 in)
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736:Both of the units were based at
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391:1 × Mk.29 octuple launcher for
2199:Destroyers of the Italian Navy
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1:
1371:Gianfranco Gazzana-Priaroggia
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270:2-shaft geared steam turbines
365:Post 1987–1990 modernization
7:
864:List of destroyers of Italy
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291:(61 km/h; 38 mph)
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453:guided missile destroyers
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755:Page from Globalsecurity
637:
463:. An improvement of the
227:Guided Missile Destroyer
32:This article includes a
2194:Audace-class destroyers
218:General characteristics
61:more precise citations.
1877:Served in World War II
1355:Evangelista Torricelli
603:anti-missile system.
499:missiles and hangar.
384:76/62 mm Super Rapido
2189:Naval ships of Italy
2160:Pietro de Cristofaro
1871:Single ship of class
1260:Pietro De Cristofaro
905:Ship classes of the
685:CNR of Riva Trigoso
483:improved sonars and
236:4,554 tons full load
1540:Ammiraglio Magnaghi
2012:Durand de la Penne
1746:Floating dry docks
1114:Durand de la Penne
931:Giuseppe Garibaldi
849:Durand de la Penne
727:28 September 2006
697:28 September 2006
170:Durand de la Penne
34:list of references
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1939:Nicoloso da Recco
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1005:Nicoloso da Recco
915:Aircraft carriers
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805:-class destroyers
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730:Scrapped in 2018
721:27 November 1971
700:Scrapped in 2018
694:16 November 1972
449:-class destroyers
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165:Succeeded by
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1917:
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1686:Amerigo Vespucci
1288:Comandanti class
1010:Navigatori class
951:Amphibious ships
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724:5 December 1972
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431:Aircraft carried
341:76/62 mm Compact
277:(54,000 kW)
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57:this article by
48:inline citations
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691:2 October 1971
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410:Standard SM-1MR
372:Otobreda 127 mm
329:Otobreda 127 mm
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38:related reading
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1190:Soldati class
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718:19 July 1968
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2004:
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1808:Future ships
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1450:Minesweepers
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1393:
1386:
1377:
1370:
1361:
1354:
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1280:Patrol boats
1267:
1259:
1252:
1244:
1237:
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907:Italian Navy
848:
839:
823:
816:
802:
749:
735:
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676:
664:Commissioned
632:
619:
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489:
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457:Italian Navy
446:
445:
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364:
321:
233:Displacement
169:
156:
149:
139:Italian Navy
119:
105:at La Spezia
102:
98:
73:
67:January 2013
64:
53:Please help
45:
1977:San Giorgio
1653:Porto class
1546:Ninfe class
1310:Esploratore
1082:San Giorgio
960:San Giorgio
682:D 551
551:Electronics
527:Helicopters
459:during the
438:helicopters
393:Sea Sparrow
299:4,000
145:Preceded by
59:introducing
2183:Categories
2153:Sentinella
1970:Artigliere
1944:Navigatori
1930:Destroyers
1735:Corsaro II
1330:Submarines
1253:Sentinella
1044:Artigliere
1032:Granatiere
996:Destroyers
744:References
381:Oto Melara
338:Oto Melara
308:Complement
265:Propulsion
2139:Aldebaran
2109:Corvettes
2098:Bergamini
2092:Orizzonte
2081:Maestrale
2060:Bergamini
2046:Aldebaran
2018:Orizzonte
1984:Impetuoso
1957:Maestrale
1496:Stromboli
1294:Cassiopea
1213:Corvettes
1201:Bergamini
1183:Maestrale
1159:Bergamini
1135:Aldebaran
1090:Impetuoso
1023:Maestrale
738:La Spezia
658:Laid down
451:were two
436:AB-212ASW
202:Completed
189:1971–2006
181:1968–1971
127:Operators
2146:Albatros
2132:Alabarda
2125:Gabbiano
2118:Antilope
2053:Centauro
2037:Frigates
1991:Impavido
1883:Imported
1721:Capricia
1693:Palinuro
1599:GGS 1012
1552:Rossetti
1533:Leonardo
1526:Alliance
1432:Type 212
1245:Albatros
1238:Alabarda
1230:Gabbiano
1222:Antilope
1151:Centauro
1126:Frigates
1098:Impavido
1073:Fletcher
840:Impavido
661:Launched
617:Albatros
533:AB212ASW
510:Armament
480:Impavido
466:Impavido
461:Cold War
412:missiles
408:with 40
322:As built
316:Armament
150:Impavido
2167:Minerva
2087:Soldati
1964:Soldati
1951:Grecale
1844:(UNPAV)
1840:Cabrini
1833:Vulcano
1818:Trieste
1659:Cheradi
1615:Ciclope
1607:Atlante
1583:Gorgona
1575:Panarea
1568:Bormida
1519:Elettra
1439:SRV-300
1403:Marconi
1268:Minerva
1057:Gleaves
1017:Grecale
670:Status
655:Builder
649:Pennant
257:Draught
210:Retired
194:Planned
55:improve
2067:Alpino
2005:Audace
1714:Caroly
1700:Italia
1647:Ercole
1639:RP 118
1631:RP 113
1623:RP 101
1560:Simeto
1511:Marino
1467:Lerici
1427:Todaro
1167:Alpino
1142:Cannon
1106:Audace
1051:Benson
976:MTM217
924:Cavour
824:Audace
817:Ardito
803:Audace
712:D 550
707:Ardito
677:Audace
651:number
627:Tartar
621:Aspide
573:SPG-51
561:SPS-52
557:Audace
545:Audace
493:Tartar
474:Design
447:Audace
417:OTOMAT
355:system
350:Tartar
241:Length
136:
120:Audace
103:Audace
99:Ardito
1998:Fante
1842:class
1797:GO 11
1790:GO 20
1783:GO 22
1776:GO 52
1769:GO 55
1762:GO 58
1755:GO 59
1641:class
1633:class
1625:class
1617:class
1609:class
1601:class
1593:class
1591:Ponza
1585:class
1577:class
1562:class
1554:class
1513:class
1504:Anteo
1498:class
1490:class
1469:class
1461:class
1459:Gaeta
1421:class
1419:Sauro
1413:class
1405:class
1396:class
1389:class
1380:class
1378:Tench
1373:class
1364:class
1362:Balao
1357:class
1348:class
1341:class
1320:class
1312:class
1304:class
1302:Sirio
1296:class
1270:class
1262:class
1247:class
1232:class
1224:class
1203:class
1185:class
1177:class
1169:class
1161:class
1153:class
1144:class
1137:class
1116:class
1108:class
1100:class
1092:class
1084:class
1075:class
1068:class
1066:Fante
1059:class
1046:class
1025:class
986:class
984:MTP96
978:class
970:class
968:LCM62
962:class
851:class
842:class
638:Ships
613:Teseo
596:AS-12
566:SPQ-2
537:AS-12
516:ASROC
468:class
296:Range
289:knots
284:Speed
178:Built
172:class
159:class
157:Fante
152:class
122:class
40:, or
2074:Lupo
1853:UIOM
1848:USSP
1831:LSS
1816:LHD
1666:Argo
1488:Etna
1411:Toti
1394:Tang
1346:Gato
1175:Lupo
645:Name
600:CIWS
586:NTDS
555:The
497:SM-1
444:The
420:SSMs
415:8 ×
404:1 ×
379:4 ×
370:1 ×
348:1 ×
336:4 ×
327:2 ×
249:Beam
223:Type
116:Name
101:and
1857:DDX
1825:PPA
582:ECM
400:SAM
387:gun
375:gun
353:SAM
344:gun
332:gun
311:380
301:nmi
287:33
2185::
588:.
504:hp
487:.
434:2
275:hp
154:/
44:,
36:,
1960:)
1954:(
1946:)
1942:(
1916:e
1909:t
1902:v
1880:X
1874:C
1868:S
1434:)
1430:(
1398:)
1391:(
1382:)
1375:(
1366:)
1359:(
1350:)
1343:(
1146:)
1139:(
1077:)
1070:(
1061:)
1054:/
1048:(
1039:)
1035:(
1027:)
1020:(
1012:)
1008:(
898:e
891:t
884:v
794:e
787:t
780:v
495:/
395:/
367::
324::
213:2
205:2
197:2
80:)
74:(
69:)
65:(
51:.
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