40:
598:
757:
384:
in a south to north direction. The Assa, Terek and
Gulaykhi river valleys are known for their large complex of stone battle towers and dwellings, burial crypts, pagan sanctuaries, and Christian churches". The
788:(Available from the U.S. Department of Commerce, Clearinghouse for Federal Scientific and Technical Information, Springfield, Va. ed.). Israel Program for Scientific Translations. 1967. p. 184
620:
758:"The Russian Embassy in Belgium invite you to assist at: Official presentation of the Economic potential of the Republic of Ingushetia by H.E. the President of the Ingush republic Y.B. Evkurov"
435:
Though construction of a railway tunnel was envisaged from
Georgia to Russia in the 1980s, including passage through the Assa River valley, construction was suspended a decade later.
761:
322:
It measures 133 kilometres (83 mi) long, and incorporates a drainage basin which is 2,060 square kilometres (800 sq mi). The basin includes the major part of
95:
455:(9th through 6th centuries BC), 300 towers of the 16th and 17th centuries which are habitable and where battles were fought, and 18 human habitats including 200
428:, measuring 1 kilometre (0.6 mi) in length and 200 to 250 metres (660 to 820 ft) in width. Finds included an iron bar and working of
279:
398:
998:
785:
The
Mammals of the Caucasus: A History of the Evolution of the Fauna. (Mlekopitayushchie Kavkaza; Istoriya Formirovaniya Fauny)
150:
993:
923:
889:
852:
818:
734:
358:
988:
459:
dated to the same era. For these historical reasons, the
Jeyrakh-Assa Reservation has been proposed to be inscribed as a
330:, as well as minor areas in the north of Georgia. Within the river basin, more than 70% of the territory is subjected to
412:
The climate in the river valley is characterized as having a frequent drying effect which supports special microzones.
973:
983:
579:
444:
394:
291:
978:
17:
443:
The upper reaches of the Assa and the Armhi have been combined into a natural reservation called the
558:
629:] (in Russian). Тифлис: Типография К.П. Козловского. Головинский пр.. № 12. pp. 1–209.
381:
913:
879:
842:
808:
724:
687:
275:
482:
287:
267:
8:
584:
463:
456:
350:
760:. Brussels: Centre Culturel et Scientifique de Russie. November 23, 2012. Archived from
726:
Environmental
Security and Sustainable Land Use - with Special Reference to Central Asia
365:, and accepts the Fortanga from the right. The mouth of the Assa is at the locality of
919:
885:
848:
814:
730:
547:
271:
259:
60:
530:
505:
338:
627:
Bulletin of
Georgian chronicles and historians about the North Caucasus and Russia
783:
616:
513:
946:
425:
390:
255:
206:
136:
915:
Mining, Metallurgy and
Minting in the Middle Ages: Asiatic Supremacy, 425-1125
652:
967:
447:, which has canyon valleys. Its historical importance is due to the medieval
377:
210:
165:
152:
110:
97:
39:
844:
Ethno-Nationalism, Islam and the State in the
Caucasus: Post-Soviet Disorder
810:
Chechnya Diary: A War
Correspondent's Story of Surviving the War in Chechnya
361:, the Assa turns east, crosses into Chechnya, flows through the stanitsa of
448:
362:
429:
421:
214:
131:
345:
from where it flows north and crosses into Russia. The Assa accepts the
452:
366:
342:
323:
283:
622:Известия грузинских летописей и историков о Северном Кавказе и России
331:
251:
493:
402:
386:
370:
354:
346:
327:
295:
238:
234:
401:
is situated on the river's left bank, while the rural locality of
487:
460:
263:
64:
409:
is split in two by the river Assa into Lower and Upper Alkun.
406:
393:, one of the ancient cultures, is well preserved here by the
307:
611:(in Russian). Москва: Советский художник. pp. 1–331.
704:
395:
Dzheyrakh-Assa
Historical and Architectural State Museum
723:
Vogtmann, Hartmut; Dobretsov, Nikolai (26 April 2006).
667:
451:
Temple of 12th century and several other structures of
541:
716:
524:
405:
is located on the river's outskirts. The village of
337:
The river's source is on the northern slopes of the
881:
Cooperation in the European Mountains: The Caucasus
692:. Human Rights Watch. p. 38. GGKEY:3NG341HY0X5
947:"Historical and Cultural Jeyrakh-Assa Reservation"
722:
965:
306:The river is connected by some authors with the
685:
551:
905:
369:. The principal tributary of the Assa is the
918:. Franz Steiner Verlag. pp. 109, 249–.
873:
871:
750:
655:(in Russian). State Water Register of Russia
834:
776:
710:
673:
647:
645:
643:
615:
596:
911:
868:
800:
640:
14:
966:
939:
840:
492:(ღლიღვის-წყალი), which translates as "
877:
806:
349:from the right and flows through the
679:
314:, as known in the Russian sources.
193:2,060 km (800 sq mi)
24:
25:
1010:
807:Goltz, Thomas (10 October 2003).
841:Gammer, Moše (22 October 2007).
38:
590:
999:International rivers of Europe
563:
534:
499:
476:
438:
144: • coordinates
89: • coordinates
13:
1:
634:
580:Dzheyrakh-Assa Museum-Reserve
445:Dzheyrakh-Assa Museum-Reserve
292:Achkhoy-Martanovsky Districts
71:Physical characteristics
994:International rivers of Asia
847:. Routledge. pp. 142–.
813:. Macmillan. pp. 115–.
653:"Река Асса (Цирцловн-Цхали)"
525:
424:, a mine was located on the
317:
301:
45:The Assa valley (Ingushetia)
7:
989:Rivers of Georgia (country)
729:. Springer. pp. 163–.
573:
542:
27:River in Georgia and Russia
10:
1015:
689:Human Rights Watch/ RUSSIA
597:Гольдштейн, А. Ф. (1977).
517:
415:
878:Price, Martin F. (2000).
552:
509:
228:
220:
202:
197:
189:
181:
142:
130:
126:
87:
79:
75:
70:
56:
51:
37:
32:
974:Tributaries of the Terek
469:
230: • right
185:133 km (83 mi)
912:Blanchard, Ian (2001).
884:. IUCN. pp. 111–.
605:Towers in the mountains
564:asa, ghlighvis-ts'q'ali
326:, areas in the west of
382:Republic of Ingushetia
380:also flow through the
949:. UNESCO Organization
166:43.25472°N 45.41528°E
111:42.65833°N 44.90806°E
984:Rivers of Ingushetia
686:Human Rights Watch.
483:Vakhushti Bagrationi
280:Sunzhensky Districts
268:Dusheti Municipality
585:Asa Managed Reserve
464:World Heritage Site
351:Erzi Nature Reserve
266:. It is located in
198:Basin features
162: /
107: /
979:Rivers of Chechnya
553:ასა, ღლიღვის-წყალი
274:, Georgia; and in
171:43.25472; 45.41528
116:42.65833; 44.90806
925:978-3-515-07958-7
891:978-2-8317-0534-7
854:978-1-134-09853-8
820:978-1-4299-7435-6
764:on April 17, 2016
736:978-1-4020-4492-2
617:Джанашвили, М. Г.
540:
523:
397:. The village of
272:Mtskheta-Mtianeti
244:
243:
16:(Redirected from
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539:romanized:
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522:romanized:
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485:calls the river
480:
339:Greater Caucasus
310:in its ethnonym
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711:Гольдштейн 1977
709:
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674:Джанашвили 1897
672:
668:
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637:
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389:culture of the
353:. North of the
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391:North Caucasus
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707:
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690:
682:
676:, p. 79.
675:
670:
654:
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646:
644:
639:
628:
624:
623:
618:
614:
606:
602:
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600:Башни в горах
595:
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376:The Assa and
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359:Nesterovskaya
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59:
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46:
41:
36:
31:
19:
951:. Retrieved
941:
929:. Retrieved
914:
907:
895:. Retrieved
880:
858:. Retrieved
843:
836:
824:. Retrieved
809:
802:
790:. Retrieved
784:
778:
766:. Retrieved
762:the original
752:
740:. Retrieved
725:
718:
706:
694:. Retrieved
688:
681:
669:
657:. Retrieved
626:
621:
604:
599:
591:Bibliography
501:
486:
478:
442:
434:
419:
411:
375:
363:Assinovskaya
336:
321:
311:
305:
276:Dzheyrakhsky
247:
245:
44:
439:Reservation
430:native gold
422:Middle Ages
288:Sernovodsky
250:is a right
221:Tributaries
215:Caspian Sea
203:Progression
169: /
114: /
968:Categories
635:References
453:Bronze Age
426:right bank
367:Zakan-Yurt
343:Khevsureti
332:avalanches
324:Ingushetia
298:, Russia.
284:Ingushetia
190:Basin size
157:45°24′55″E
154:43°15′17″N
102:44°54′29″E
99:42°39′30″N
18:Assa River
768:April 29,
559:romanized
490:-ts'q'ali
488:Ghlighvis
449:Christian
373:(right).
318:Geography
302:Etymology
252:tributary
57:Countries
953:29 April
931:28 April
897:28 April
860:28 April
826:28 April
792:28 April
742:28 April
696:25 April
659:25 April
619:(1897).
574:See also
548:Georgian
494:Ghalghai
403:Samashki
399:Alkhaste
387:Ingushes
371:Fortanga
355:stanitsa
347:Guloykhi
328:Chechnya
296:Chechnya
239:Guloykhi
235:Fortanga
52:Location
531:Chechen
518:Эса-хий
506:Russian
496:river".
420:In the
416:History
286:and in
260:Georgia
254:of the
61:Georgia
922:
888:
851:
817:
733:
607:]
550::
514:Ingush
461:UNESCO
457:vaults
264:Russia
256:Sunzha
224:
207:Sunzha
182:Length
137:Sunzha
83:
80:Source
65:Russia
625:[
609:(PDF)
603:[
535:Iaьса
470:Notes
407:Alkun
378:Terek
308:Alans
211:Terek
132:Mouth
955:2013
933:2013
920:ISBN
899:2013
886:ISBN
862:2013
849:ISBN
828:2013
815:ISBN
794:2013
770:2013
744:2013
731:ISBN
698:2013
661:2013
543:Häsa
510:Асса
312:Yasy
290:and
278:and
262:and
248:Assa
246:The
63:and
33:Assa
526:Ēsa
357:of
341:in
294:of
282:of
270:of
258:in
970::
870:^
642:^
556:,
546:,
537:,
533::
529:,
520:,
516::
512:,
508::
466:.
432:.
334:.
237:,
213:→
209:→
957:.
935:.
901:.
864:.
830:.
796:.
772:.
746:.
700:.
663:.
566:.
561::
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
