275:, the former tyrant of Athens expelled in 510 BC, went to the Persians for assistance in regaining control of Athens in 505 BC. Hippias maligned the Athenians to Artaphernes and did all that he could in an attempt to bring Athens under control of the Persians. One of the main reasons why Artaphernes may have been willing to take up the cause for Hippias was because of the Athenians denial of the alliance with Persia in 507 BC. In the Persian point of view the submission to Darius I was permanent which meant that Artaphernes would have been inclined to support whichever Athenian government that supported the alliance. However, the Athenians heard about the attempts by Hippias to regain his power and sent messengers to Sardis, warning the Persians not to believe banished Athenians. Artaphernes, told the Athenians to allow Hippias to return to Athens "if they wanted to be safe." When the threat was brought back to the Athenians, they refused, and instead decided that they were at war with Persia.
335:
229:
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358:. Sardis was taken easily but the army was not able to take the citadel which was being held by Artaphernes and an army of men. Although the Greeks were unable to take the citadel, they pillaged the town and set fires that burnt Sardis to the ground. When the military saw that the Persians were defending themselves they withdrew to Ephesus where they were defeated. The Athenians then ended their alliance with Ionia and refused to send more aid. The revolt continued to spread into Byzantium, Caria, Camus, and Cyprus.
295:, the acting tyrant of Miletus, was able to give them enough force to regain their country. Aristagoras listened to this appeal and told them that he would have to go to Artaphernes for naval support. Artaphernes agreed to assist because it would be profitable for the king and because he saw an opportunity for the expansion of Persian influence into the Cyclade Islands. However, Darius I needed to agree to the plan but once he did two hundred triremes were supplied and
312:
192:
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1844:
327:, who was the tyrant of Miletus but was recalled to Susa after Darius grew fearful of Ionia's power believed that he would be sent back to the coast if there was a revolt so he gave his support. After Histiaeus sent Aristagoras a secret message, in which he signified that Aristagoras should revolt the Ionian Revolt began. Subsequently, Artaphernes played an important role in suppressing the
432:
and assessed their tributes accordingly. With these reforms it minimized the amount of arguing between the cities and established a lasting stability. These new reforms also set a standard where
Persians arbitrated between differences in Ionia. After establishing these changes Artaphernes disappears
399:
After
Histiaeus heard the news about Miletus falling he sailed to Chios and forced his way in. Histiaeus then amassed a large force of Ionians and Anatolians against Thasos but when he heard that the Persians were being sent out to attack the rest of Ionia, he fled to Lesbos. His army was hungry so
303:
siege continued for four months, until the
Persians spent everything that they had come with and Aristagoras own money, the Persians were forced to withdraw. The failure of the siege of Naxos led to the Ionian Revolt because Aristagoras feared what would happen to him as a result of the failure.
395:
When he fled to Chios, Histiaeus sent letters to
Persians in Sardis because they had previously spoken to him about the revolt. The messenger, however, delivered these letters to Artaphernes who allowed the messenger to give the letters to the recipients but to bring back the replies. When the men
302:
After a fight started between
Megabates and Aristagoras, Megabates sent a message to Naxos informing them of the expedition and what the goal was. This message allowed Naxos to prepare for a long siege but the Persians did not have enough provisions or money to maintain this sort of operation. The
383:
Histiaeus, who had been an instigator of the Ionian revolt, was released from his captivity in Susa and sent down to Sardis after he persuaded Darius to allow him to help quiet the outbreak. When
Histiaeus arrived in Sardis, Artaphernes asked him why he thought that the Ionians had rebelled and
423:
was dispatched as ambassador for the
Ionians and asked Artaphernes why he had no faith in them. Artaphernes replied that he worried that the Ionians held resentment after their defeat and Hecateus said, "Well then, if suffering ill treatment has the effect of creating bad faith, receiving kind
361:
Artaphernes and Otanes were put in charge of retaking Ionia and
Anatolian territory and they retook Clazomenae and Clyme. Having successfully captured several of the revolting Greek city-states, the Persians under Artaphernes laid siege to Miletus. The decisive
384:
Histiaeus replied that he did not know. But
Artaphernes knew what the true story was and said, "I will tell you, Histiaeus, the truth of this business: it was you who stitched this shoe, and Aristagoras who put it on." This frightened Histiaeus who then fled to
203:
and brother of Darius I. When Darius took power, he organized the his empire into twenty districts called satrapies, regularized tributes that subjects owed, and appointed satraps. Before
Artaphernes took power in Asia Minor the previous satrap,
264:", a symbol of submission, if they wanted help from the Achaemenid king, but if not they had to leave. The ambassadors agreed to give "Earth and Water". However, when the envoys returned to Athens they were censured.
427:
Artaphernes then forced the Ionian cities to create agreements among themselves that they would listen to the law and not rob one another. He also reorganized the land register by measured out their territories in
260:. When the envoys arrived Artaphernes asked them "What men are you and where do you live, who desire alliance with the Persians?" After he had been informed about who the Athenians were he asked the envoys for "
374:
retreated. The sudden defection turned the tide of battle, and the remaining Greek fleet was completely destroyed. Miletus surrendered shortly thereafter and the Ionian Revolt effectively came to an end.
169:
Artaphernes was likely an adaptation of by the etymology (Greek phren "spirit, soul") of Artaphernes, which corresponded to Artafanah (endowed with the Glory of the Right). Arta is a common prefix for
424:
treatment will surely cause our cities to be well disposed towards the Persians." Even though this story may have been pure invention it still shows the ways that Persians regard themselves.
1577:
412:
would pardon him, so he executed him by impaling him, and sent his head to Darius. Darius still did not believe Histiaeus was a traitor and gave his head an honorable burial.
346:
Aristagoras then attempted to convince other Ionian cities to revolt and visited the Greek mainland in an attempt to find allies. He was successful in convincing Athens and
366:
was fought in 494 BC close to the island of Lade, near Miletus' port. Although out-numbered, the Greek fleet appeared to be winning the battle until the ships from
323:
began, at the instigation of Aristagoras who felt certain that the failure of the Siege of Naxos would lead to his lordship being taken away from him or his life.
631:
232:
The Ceremony of Presenting Earth and Water. In 507 BC, Athenians were pressured into giving Artaphernes Earth and Water in exchange for a Persian alliance.
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2737:
283:
In 525 BC an oligarchy began to rule Naxos but by 503 BC the oligarchs were expelled by the democratic party and a constitution was created. The
437:
took over Artaphernes's satrapy and reversed the decision to restore tyrants to power and turned local rule over to democracies. In 490 his
1693:
1452:
988:
1498:
1393:
220:, who may have become satrap afterwards, was appointed to kill Oreotes. Darius appointed Artaphernes to be the next satrap in 513 BC.
2030:
1153:
1417:
816:
720:
691:
145:, and was a Persian general. In his position he had numerous contacts with the Greeks, and played an important role in both the
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and made his way back to Miletus but the Miletans did not wish to have him so he had to return to Chios. He then went to
516:
392:
and persuaded the leaders to give him eight triremes and sailed to Byzantium which was where he established himself.
1898:
1585:
438:
617:
A History of Greece: From the Earliest Period to the Close of the Generation Contemporary with Alexander the Great
445:, took command of the expedition sent by Darius to punish Athens and Eretria for their role in the Ionian Revolt.
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he had to lead foraging expeditions into different islands which was when he was captured by the Persian general,
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to provide ships and men. Athenian and Eretrian ships transported the Athenian troops to the Ionian city of
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2235:
101:
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2287:
2127:
655:
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1679:
2490:
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2198:
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1888:
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792:
557:, Classical Ionia and the Aegean World, 480–294 BCE, University of Michigan Press, pp. 1–17,
2005:
1995:
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334:
284:
146:
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2300:
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1985:
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1957:
793:"Greece from the Coming of the Hellenes to AD. 14/III - Wikisource, the free online library"
354:. There they were joined by a force of Ionians and they marched upon Sardis, leading to the
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in 493 BC. He was then brought back to Artaphernes who did not want to send him back to
2433:
2097:
765:
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550:
632:"A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology, Ba'bilus, Ba'bilus, Bagaeus"
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Artaphernes successfully resisted the Greek and Ionian siege in the citadel of Sardis.
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Achaemenid lineage: Artaphernes was son of Hystaspes, and brother of Darius I.
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1394:"Diodorus Siculus, Library, Fragments of Book 10, Chapter 25, section 4"
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2193:
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1980:
1965:
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769:
745:
673:
Ancient Persia: A Concise History of the Achaemenid Empire, 550-330 BCE
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213:
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The Satrapy of Lydia at the time Artaphernes came to power in 513 BC.
175:
746:"The Athenian Embassies to Sardis and Cleomenes' Invasion of Attica"
256:, who was looking for Persian assistance to resist the threats from
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142:
134:
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2212:
2143:
493:"Artaxerxes | Etymology of the name Artaxerxes by etymonline"
468:
442:
385:
367:
138:
125:), was influential circa 513–492 BC and was a brother of the
61:
1506:
2650:
405:
2712:
In most territories, Achaemenid rulers were succeeded by
1471:
From Cyrus to Alexander: A History of the Persian Empire
342:, the Greeks set fires that burned Sardis to the ground.
603:(4th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 99.
223:
396:
were discovered, Artaphernes put those men to death.
287:
occurred because the expelled oligarchs then went to
648:
1701:
992:. Vol. 13 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 527.
657:LacusCurtius • Herodotus — Book V: Chapters 55‑96
2729:
1154:"Herodotus, The Histories, Book 5, chapter 123"
1130:"Herodotus, The Histories, Book 5, chapter 104"
1106:"Herodotus, The Histories, Book 5, chapter 102"
1079:"Herodotus, The Histories, Book 5, chapter 101"
1055:"Herodotus, The Histories, Book 5, chapter 100"
1418:"Herodotus, The Histories, Book 6, chapter 42"
1370:"Herodotus, The Histories, Book 6, chapter 30"
1346:"Herodotus, The Histories, Book 6, chapter 28"
1322:"Herodotus, The Histories, Book 6, chapter 26"
1202:"Herodotus, The Histories, Book 6, chapter 18"
1178:"Herodotus, The Histories, Book 6, chapter 14"
1031:"Herodotus, The Histories, Book 5, chapter 99"
1004:"Herodotus, The Histories, Book 5, chapter 38"
958:"Herodotus, The Histories, Book 5, chapter 35"
913:"Herodotus, The Histories, Book 5, chapter 34"
889:"Herodotus, The Histories, Book 5, chapter 33"
865:"Herodotus, The Histories, Book 5, chapter 32"
841:"Herodotus, The Histories, Book 5, chapter 31"
817:"Herodotus, The Histories, Book 5, chapter 30"
721:"Herodotus, The Histories, Book 5, chapter 96"
692:"Herodotus, The Histories, Book 5, chapter 73"
1687:
1492:
1298:"Herodotus, The Histories, Book 6, chapter 4"
1274:"Herodotus, The Histories, Book 6, chapter 5"
1250:"Herodotus, The Histories, Book 6, chapter 2"
1226:"Herodotus, The Histories, Book 6, chapter 1"
675:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 84–85.
306:
1456:. Vol. 2 (11th ed.). p. 661.
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1680:
1499:
1485:
267:
2748:Military leaders of the Achaemenid Empire
750:Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte
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16:Persian general and satrap, 513 to 492 BC
2738:Persian people of the Greco-Persian Wars
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598:
333:
310:
227:
190:
186:
160:
100:For other people named Artaphernes, see
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670:
548:
466:
433:from the historical record. In 492 BC
299:was appointed as general of the army.
236:In 507 BC, Artaphernes, as brother of
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517:"Reconstruction:Old Persian/farnāh"
467:Foundation, Encyclopaedia Iranica.
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224:First contacts with Athens (507 BC)
216:, and his son Cranaspes in 522 BC.
13:
1842:
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1020:
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776:
708:
679:
671:Waters, Matt (December 31, 2013).
469:"Welcome to Encyclopaedia Iranica"
14:
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599:Boardman, John (November 1988).
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938:CROESUS – Encyclopaedia Iranica
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521:Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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592:
509:
485:
1:
2763:Officials of Darius the Great
2753:5th-century BC Iranian people
744:Berthold, Richard M. (2002).
601:The Cambridge Ancient History
551:"Prologue: The Land of Ionia"
451:
181:
156:
102:Artaphernes (disambiguation)
7:
2758:Achaemenid satraps of Lydia
248:, received an embassy from
199:Artaphernes was the son of
10:
2784:
2768:Family of Darius the Great
1840:
1463:
549:Nudell, Joshua P. (2023),
408:, where he suspected that
307:Ionian revolt (499-494 BC)
178:means "splendour, glory."
99:
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2611:
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2428:
2363:Queen Amoashtart (regent)
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2141:
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1952:
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620:. J. Murray. p. 157.
174:names and means justice.
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38:
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28:
21:
555:Accustomed to Obedience?
356:Siege of Sardis (498 BC)
340:Siege of Sardis (498 BC)
1453:Encyclopædia Britannica
989:Encyclopædia Britannica
285:Siege of Naxos (499 BC)
268:Hippias and Artaphernes
149:and in suppressing the
2301:Alexander I of Macedon
1847:
1525:
1507:Achaemenid Satraps of
614:Grote, George (1869).
441:of the same name with
379:Execution of Histiaeus
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316:
233:
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1958:Hellespontine Phrygia
1846:
1829:Darius III Codomannus
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563:10.3998/mpub.12067181
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319:Soon after this, the
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231:
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187:Background to Satrapy
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49:Years of service
2564:Hydarnes the Younger
2296:Amyntas I of Macedon
1819:Artaxerxes III Ochus
1814:Artaxerxes II Mnemon
1715:- Achaemenid Kingdom
212:, another satrap at
141:from the capital of
2714:Hellenistic satraps
2612:Other known satraps
2067:Greek Governors of
1834:Artaxerxes V Bessus
1824:Artaxerxes IV Arses
1473:(Eisenbrauns, 2002)
1447:"Artaphernes"
252:, probably sent by
133:. He was appointed
2720:from around 330 BC
2718:Hellenistic rulers
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1526:
497:www.etymonline.com
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118:: Artafarna, from
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983:"Histiaeus"
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1367:
1363:
1354:
1352:
1344:
1343:
1339:
1330:
1328:
1320:
1319:
1315:
1306:
1304:
1296:
1295:
1291:
1282:
1280:
1272:
1271:
1267:
1258:
1256:
1248:
1247:
1243:
1234:
1232:
1224:
1223:
1219:
1210:
1208:
1200:
1199:
1195:
1186:
1184:
1176:
1175:
1171:
1162:
1160:
1152:
1151:
1147:
1138:
1136:
1128:
1127:
1123:
1114:
1112:
1104:
1103:
1096:
1087:
1085:
1077:
1076:
1072:
1063:
1061:
1053:
1052:
1048:
1039:
1037:
1029:
1028:
1021:
1012:
1010:
1002:
1001:
997:
980:
979:
975:
966:
964:
956:
955:
946:
935:
934:
930:
921:
919:
911:
910:
906:
897:
895:
887:
886:
882:
873:
871:
863:
862:
858:
849:
847:
839:
838:
834:
825:
823:
815:
814:
810:
801:
799:
791:
790:
777:
742:
738:
729:
727:
719:
718:
709:
700:
698:
690:
689:
680:
669:
665:
654:
653:
649:
640:
638:
630:
629:
625:
612:
608:
597:
593:
585:
583:
573:
547:
534:
526:
524:
515:
514:
510:
501:
499:
491:
490:
486:
477:
475:
465:
458:
454:
448:
418:
381:
309:
281:
270:
262:Earth and Water
244:in his capital
226:
189:
184:
159:
105:
34:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2781:
2771:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2723:
2722:
2711:
2708:
2707:
2705:
2704:
2694:
2684:
2674:
2664:
2654:
2644:
2634:
2615:
2613:
2609:
2608:
2606:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2584:
2582:
2575:
2574:
2572:
2571:
2566:
2561:
2555:
2553:
2546:
2545:
2543:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2521:
2519:
2512:
2511:
2509:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2496:Pherendates II
2493:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2472:
2470:
2463:
2462:
2460:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2438:
2436:
2426:
2425:
2423:
2422:
2421:Abdashtart III
2419:
2416:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2399:Baalshillem II
2396:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2380:
2375:
2370:
2365:
2360:
2355:
2349:
2347:
2345:Kings of Sidon
2341:
2340:
2338:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2319:
2315:
2313:
2307:
2306:
2304:
2303:
2298:
2292:
2290:
2283:
2282:
2280:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2217:
2215:
2205:
2204:
2202:
2201:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2183:
2178:
2173:
2168:
2165:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2148:
2146:
2139:
2138:
2136:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2074:
2072:
2064:
2063:
2061:
2060:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2039:
2037:
2027:
2026:
2024:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
2001:Pharnabazus II
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1962:
1960:
1950:
1949:
1947:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1901:
1899:Artaphernes II
1896:
1891:
1886:
1881:
1876:
1871:
1866:
1860:
1858:
1851:
1850:
1841:
1839:
1837:
1836:
1831:
1826:
1821:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1801:
1796:
1791:
1786:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1766:
1761:
1756:
1751:
1744:
1737:
1729:
1727:
1721:Kings of Kings
1718:
1717:
1711:
1708:
1707:
1702:Rulers in the
1699:
1698:
1691:
1684:
1676:
1667:
1666:
1664:
1663:
1655:
1647:
1639:
1631:
1623:
1615:
1607:
1599:
1591:
1586:Artaphernes II
1583:
1575:
1567:
1559:
1551:
1543:
1535:
1519:
1516:
1515:
1504:
1503:
1496:
1489:
1481:
1475:
1474:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1459:
1433:
1409:
1385:
1361:
1337:
1313:
1289:
1265:
1241:
1217:
1193:
1169:
1145:
1121:
1094:
1070:
1046:
1019:
995:
973:
944:
928:
904:
880:
856:
832:
808:
775:
756:(3): 259–267.
736:
707:
678:
663:
647:
623:
606:
591:
571:
532:
508:
484:
455:
453:
450:
417:
414:
380:
377:
364:Battle of Lade
308:
305:
280:
279:Siege of Naxos
277:
269:
266:
240:and Satrap of
225:
222:
188:
185:
183:
180:
158:
155:
147:Siege of Naxos
114:: Ἀρταφέρνης,
96:
95:
89:
85:
84:
82:Artaphernes II
79:
75:
74:
69:
65:
64:
58:
54:
53:
50:
46:
45:
40:
36:
35:
30:
26:
25:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2780:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2743:Ionian Revolt
2741:
2739:
2736:
2735:
2733:
2719:
2715:
2709:
2702:
2698:
2695:
2692:
2688:
2685:
2682:
2678:
2675:
2672:
2668:
2667:Phrataphernes
2665:
2662:
2658:
2655:
2652:
2648:
2645:
2642:
2638:
2635:
2632:
2628:
2624:
2620:
2617:
2616:
2614:
2610:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2588:Syennesis III
2586:
2585:
2583:
2581:
2576:
2570:
2567:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2557:
2556:
2554:
2552:
2547:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2522:
2520:
2518:
2513:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2473:
2471:
2469:
2464:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2439:
2437:
2435:
2431:
2427:
2420:
2418:Abdashtart II
2417:
2415:
2412:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2391:Baalshillem I
2389:
2387:
2384:
2381:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2369:
2368:Eshmunazar II
2366:
2364:
2361:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2351:
2350:
2348:
2346:
2342:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2320:
2317:
2316:
2314:
2312:
2311:Kings of Tyre
2308:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2293:
2291:
2289:
2284:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2218:
2216:
2214:
2210:
2206:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2150:
2149:
2147:
2145:
2140:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2065:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2053:Mithrobuzanes
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2040:
2038:
2036:
2032:
2028:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1991:Pharnabazus I
1989:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1963:
1961:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1939:Autophradates
1937:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1894:Artaphernes I
1892:
1890:
1887:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1862:
1861:
1859:
1857:
1852:
1845:
1835:
1832:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1787:
1785:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1775:
1772:
1770:
1767:
1765:
1762:
1760:
1757:
1755:
1752:
1750:
1749:
1745:
1743:
1742:
1738:
1736:
1735:
1731:
1730:
1728:
1726:
1719:
1714:
1709:
1705:
1697:
1692:
1690:
1685:
1683:
1678:
1677:
1674:
1659:
1656:
1651:
1650:Autophradates
1648:
1643:
1640:
1635:
1632:
1627:
1624:
1619:
1616:
1611:
1608:
1603:
1600:
1595:
1592:
1587:
1584:
1579:
1578:Artaphernes I
1576:
1571:
1568:
1563:
1560:
1555:
1552:
1547:
1544:
1539:
1536:
1531:
1528:
1527:
1523:
1517:
1510:
1502:
1497:
1495:
1490:
1488:
1483:
1482:
1479:
1472:
1468:
1467:
1455:
1454:
1448:
1443:
1442:Meyer, Eduard
1437:
1423:
1419:
1413:
1399:
1395:
1389:
1375:
1371:
1365:
1351:
1347:
1341:
1327:
1323:
1317:
1303:
1299:
1293:
1279:
1275:
1269:
1255:
1251:
1245:
1231:
1227:
1221:
1207:
1203:
1197:
1183:
1179:
1173:
1159:
1155:
1149:
1135:
1131:
1125:
1111:
1107:
1101:
1099:
1084:
1080:
1074:
1060:
1056:
1050:
1036:
1032:
1026:
1024:
1009:
1005:
999:
991:
990:
984:
977:
963:
959:
953:
951:
949:
940:
939:
932:
918:
914:
908:
894:
890:
884:
870:
866:
860:
846:
842:
836:
822:
818:
812:
798:
794:
788:
786:
784:
782:
780:
771:
767:
763:
759:
755:
751:
747:
740:
726:
722:
716:
714:
712:
697:
693:
687:
685:
683:
674:
667:
659:
658:
651:
637:
633:
627:
619:
618:
610:
602:
595:
582:
578:
574:
568:
564:
560:
556:
552:
545:
543:
541:
539:
537:
522:
518:
512:
498:
494:
488:
474:
470:
463:
461:
456:
449:
446:
444:
440:
436:
431:
425:
422:
413:
411:
407:
403:
397:
393:
391:
387:
376:
373:
369:
365:
359:
357:
353:
349:
341:
336:
332:
330:
329:Ionian Revolt
326:
322:
321:Ionian Revolt
313:
304:
300:
298:
294:
291:and asked if
290:
286:
276:
274:
265:
263:
259:
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
230:
221:
219:
215:
211:
208:assassinated
207:
202:
193:
179:
177:
173:
163:
154:
152:
151:Ionian Revolt
148:
144:
140:
136:
132:
128:
124:
121:
117:
113:
109:
103:
93:
90:
86:
83:
80:
76:
73:
72:Ionian revolt
70:
66:
63:
59:
55:
51:
47:
44:
41:
37:
31:
27:
20:
2677:Ariobarzanes
2647:Satibarzanes
2404:Abdashtart I
2386:Tetramnestos
2353:Eshmunazar I
2257:Artemisia II
2167:Teththiweibi
2113:Themistocles
2058:Ariarathes I
2011:Artabazus II
2006:Ariobarzanes
1996:Pharnaces II
1944:Spithridates
1919:Tissaphernes
1909:Tissaphernes
1893:
1794:Artaxerxes I
1746:
1739:
1732:
1661:(365–334 BC)
1658:Spithridates
1629:(392–380 BC)
1621:(400–395 BC)
1618:Tissaphernes
1613:(408–401 BC)
1605:(415–408 BC)
1602:Tissaphernes
1597:(440–415 BC)
1589:(492–480 BC)
1581:(513–492 BC)
1557:(530–520 BC)
1549:(540-530 BC)
1541:(545–544 BC)
1533:(546–545 BC)
1512:(546–334 BC)
1470:
1451:
1436:
1425:. Retrieved
1421:
1412:
1401:. Retrieved
1397:
1388:
1377:. Retrieved
1373:
1364:
1353:. Retrieved
1349:
1340:
1329:. Retrieved
1325:
1316:
1305:. Retrieved
1301:
1292:
1281:. Retrieved
1277:
1268:
1257:. Retrieved
1253:
1244:
1233:. Retrieved
1229:
1220:
1209:. Retrieved
1205:
1196:
1185:. Retrieved
1181:
1172:
1161:. Retrieved
1157:
1148:
1137:. Retrieved
1133:
1124:
1113:. Retrieved
1109:
1086:. Retrieved
1082:
1073:
1062:. Retrieved
1058:
1049:
1038:. Retrieved
1034:
1011:. Retrieved
1007:
998:
987:
976:
965:. Retrieved
961:
937:
931:
920:. Retrieved
916:
907:
896:. Retrieved
892:
883:
872:. Retrieved
868:
859:
848:. Retrieved
844:
835:
824:. Retrieved
820:
811:
800:. Retrieved
796:
753:
749:
739:
728:. Retrieved
724:
699:. Retrieved
695:
672:
666:
656:
650:
639:. Retrieved
635:
626:
616:
609:
600:
594:
584:, retrieved
554:
525:, retrieved
523:, 2024-04-19
520:
511:
500:. Retrieved
496:
487:
476:. Retrieved
472:
447:
426:
419:
398:
394:
382:
360:
345:
318:
301:
282:
271:
235:
198:
168:
122:
107:
106:
68:Battles/wars
2578:Satraps of
2549:Satraps of
2515:Satraps of
2481:Pherendates
2466:Satraps of
2414:Evagoras II
2277:Orontobates
2236:Lygdamis II
2142:Dynasts of
2118:Archeptolis
2108:Aristagoras
2093:Eurysthenes
1986:Artabazus I
1924:Tithraustes
1854:Satraps of
1774:Cambyses II
1713:Family tree
1626:Tithraustes
293:Aristagoras
254:Cleisthenes
116:Old Persian
108:Artaphernes
29:Native name
23:Artaphernes
2732:Categories
2486:Achaemenes
2457:Orontes II
2452:Darius III
2373:Bodashtart
2321:Boulomenus
2247:Hecatomnus
2231:Pisindelis
2221:Lygdamis I
2194:Mithrapata
2185:Artembares
2128:Amyntas II
2069:Asia Minor
2048:Ariamnes I
2035:Cappadocia
1981:Oebares II
1966:Mitrobates
1904:Pissuthnes
1764:Cambyses I
1741:Ariaramnes
1734:Achaemenes
1594:Pissuthnes
1427:2024-05-24
1403:2024-06-09
1379:2024-05-24
1355:2024-05-24
1331:2024-05-24
1307:2024-05-24
1283:2024-05-24
1259:2024-05-24
1235:2024-05-24
1211:2024-05-24
1187:2024-05-24
1163:2024-05-24
1139:2024-05-24
1115:2024-05-24
1088:2024-05-24
1064:2024-05-24
1040:2024-05-24
1013:2024-05-24
967:2024-05-24
922:2024-05-24
898:2024-05-24
874:2024-05-24
850:2024-05-24
826:2024-05-24
802:2024-05-24
730:2024-05-24
701:2024-05-24
641:2024-06-07
586:2024-06-09
527:2024-06-07
502:2024-06-07
478:2024-05-24
452:References
338:After the
242:Asia Minor
210:Mitrobates
172:Achaemenid
127:Achaemenid
60:Satrap of
52:513-492 BC
39:Allegiance
2623:Abrocomas
2619:Megabyzus
2593:Camisares
2569:Atropates
2525:Hystaspes
2447:Orontes I
2442:Artasyrus
2378:Yatonmilk
2335:Azemilcus
2318:Mattan IV
2288:Macedonia
2286:Kings of
2272:Pixodarus
2226:Artemisia
2189:Artumpara
2133:Philiscus
2103:Histiaeus
2083:Demaratus
2078:Miltiades
1976:Megabates
1971:Megabazus
1929:Tiribazus
1809:Darius II
1804:Sogdianus
1799:Xerxes II
1634:Tiribazus
762:0018-2311
435:Mardonius
430:parasangs
421:Hecataeus
325:Histiaeus
297:Megabates
214:Dascylium
201:Hystaspes
182:Biography
157:Etymology
123:Rtafarnah
94:(brother)
88:Relations
33:Artafarna
2687:Abulites
2641:Hyrcania
2559:Hydarnes
2535:Masistes
2476:Aryandes
2330:Evagoras
2252:Mausolus
2243:(satrap)
2164:Harpagus
2155:Kybernis
2123:Aridolis
2088:Gongylos
1934:Struthas
1874:Harpagus
1789:Xerxes I
1653:(365 BC)
1645:(370 BC)
1642:Struthas
1637:(375 BC)
1573:(517 BC)
1565:(520 BC)
1546:Harpagus
1444:(1911).
402:Harpagus
238:Darius I
131:Darius I
78:Children
2701:Babylon
2697:Mazaeus
2691:Susiana
2671:Parthia
2657:Atizyes
2627:Belesys
2603:Arsames
2598:Mazaeus
2580:Cilicia
2530:Dadarsi
2517:Bactria
2506:Mazaces
2501:Sabaces
2491:Arsames
2434:Armenia
2430:Satraps
2325:Abdemon
2262:Idrieus
2241:Adusius
2209:Dynasts
2199:Perikle
2181:Arbinas
2171:Kheriga
2160:Kuprlli
2151:Kheziga
2098:Prokles
2043:Datames
2031:Satraps
2021:Arsites
1954:Satraps
1884:Bagaeus
1879:Oroetus
1869:Mazares
1864:Tabalus
1779:Bardiya
1759:Cyrus I
1754:Teispes
1748:Arsames
1723:of the
1562:Bagaeus
1554:Oroetus
1538:Mazares
1530:Tabalus
1464:Sources
770:4436657
352:Ephesus
348:Eretria
289:Miletus
273:Hippias
218:Bagaeus
206:Oroetes
2681:Persis
2540:Bessus
2409:Tennes
2382:Anysos
2358:Tabnit
2176:Kherei
2071:cities
1889:Otanes
1570:Otanes
768:
760:
579:
569:
410:Darius
390:Lesbos
372:Lesbos
258:Sparta
250:Athens
246:Sardis
176:Farnah
143:Sardis
135:satrap
120:Median
2637:Ochus
2631:Syria
2551:Media
2468:Egypt
2395:Baana
2213:Caria
2144:Lycia
1856:Lydia
1509:Lydia
766:JSTOR
577:JSTOR
443:Datis
386:Chios
368:Samos
139:Lydia
112:Greek
62:Lydia
2716:and
2651:Aria
758:ISSN
567:ISBN
406:Susa
370:and
57:Rank
2432:of
2267:Ada
2211:of
2033:of
1956:of
559:doi
439:son
137:of
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