308:
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556:. This stele also includes the decree of Ptolemy II announcing her cult. All temples in Egypt were required to include a cult statue of Arsinoe II alongside the main deity of the sanctuary. In the relief at the top of the stele, Arsinoe is depicted among the deities receiving sacrifice from Ptolemy - an image that recurs throughout the country. Separate temples were constructed for Arsinoe, at
526:
339:, where her father moved his capital. Nothing is known of her childhood or education, but judging from her later life as patron of scholars and noted for her learning, she is estimated to have been given a high education. Her brothers were tutored by intellectuals hired by their fathers, and it is regarded likely that she attended these lessons as well: she corresponded with the intellectual
36:
479:, the wife of her younger brother Ptolemy II. Whether this belief was correct remains unknown. It is not known which year she arrived in Egypt, nor when her sister-in-law was exiled, nor whether the divorce between her brother and Arsinoe I may have taken place without the involvement of Arsinoe II.
410:
As
Ptolemy Keraunos was becoming more powerful, Arsinoë decided it was time to stop him and conspired against him with her sons. This action caused Ptolemy Keraunus to kill two of her sons, Lysimachus and Philip, while the eldest, Ptolemy, was able to escape and to flee north, to the kingdom of the
575:
of
Arsinoe Philadelphus, was established by 269 BC. The holder of the office was included as part of the dating formula in all official documents until the late second century BC. An annual procession was held in Arsinoe's honour, led by the Canephorus. Every household along the procession's route
493:
Her role as queen was unprecedented in the dynasty at the time and became a role model for later
Ptolemaic queens: she acted alongside her brother in ritual and public display, became a religious and literal patron, and was included in the Egyptian and Greek cults created for them by her brother.
611:
Arsinoe seems to have been a genuinely popular goddess throughout the
Ptolemaic period, with both Greeks and Egyptians, in Egypt and beyond. 'Arsinoe' is one of the few Greek names to be naturalised as an Egyptian personal name in the period. Altars and dedicatory plaques in her honour are found
597:. As a result of these sanctuaries, Arsinoe became closely associated with protection from shipwrecks. Coinage and statuettes depicting the divine Arsinoe survive. Her divine attributes are a small ram's horn behind her ear - symbolising her connection to the ram of Mendes - and a pair of
693:
After
Lysimachus' death in 281 BC, Arsinoe was briefly married to her half-brother Ptolemy Ceraunus from 280 to 279 BC and then to her full-blooded, younger brother Ptolemy II of Egypt from the late 270s BC until her death. Ptolemy II's children by his first wife
442:
It is not known which year she left for Egypt. She may have left as early as 280 BC, directly after the murder of the younger sons, or as late as 276 BC, when the claim of her eldest son to the
Macedonian throne had clearly failed, following the succession of
580:
at Cape
Zephyrium, at the eastern end of the harbour, where Arsinoe was worshipped as Aphrodite Euploia (Aphrodite of the good-sailing). Similar sanctuaries were established at a number of port-cities under Ptolemaic control, including
494:
Sharing in all of her brother's titles, she was quite influential, having towns dedicated to her, her own cult (as was
Egyptian custom), appearing on coinage, and contributing to foreign policy, including Ptolemy II's victory in the
490:"Sibling-lovers"). The closer circumstances and reasons behind the marriage is not known. According to R. A. Hazzard, the year of their marriage is 273 or 272 BC because of the change of the preamble in the papyri.
434:
Arsinoë sought refuge in the
Samothrace temple complex, which she had benefited during her tenure as queen. She eventually left from Samothrace for Alexandria, Egypt, to seek protection from her brother,
7441:
403:. The marriage was for political reasons: both claimed the throne of Macedonia and Thrace (by the time of his death Lysimachus was ruler of both regions, and his power extended to southern Greece and
7436:
548:
She died in 270 or 268 BC and circumstantial evidence supports the latter date. After her death, Ptolemy II established a cult of
Arsinoe Philadelphus. She received burial and deification rites at
7446:
6787:
6792:
576:
was required to erect a small altar of sand and sacrifice birds and lentils for Arsinoe. A large temple was erected by the harbour in Alexandria. The admiral Callicrates of Samos erected
568:, with Arsinoe as its patron goddess. From 263 BC, a portion of tax on orchard and vineyard produce in each nome of Egypt was dedicated to funding the local cult of Arsinoe.
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Whatever the case, after the divorce of Ptolemy, Arsinoe II then married her brother. As a result, both were given the epithet "Philadelphoi" (
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Co-regent of Egypt with her younger brother, Ptolemy II (267-259 BC), rebelled in 259 BC, subsequently Ptolemaic vassal ruler of
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Around the age of 15, Arsinoë married King Lysimachus, who was then around 60 years old. Together, the pair had three sons:
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6807:
4725:
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throughout Egypt and the Aegean, while hundreds of her faience oenochoae have been found in the cemeteries of Alexandria.
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5318:
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2258:
6782:
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20:
1182:
S.M. Burstein, "Arsinoe II Philadelphos: A Revisionist View", in W.L. Adams and E.N. Borza (eds),
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1991:
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3000:
2707:
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2555:
1981:
1769:
1648:
752:
The Antikythera Mechanism: The Story Behind the Genius of the Greek Computer and its Demise
444:
73:
8:
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1996:
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Arsinoe's cult was also propagated in Alexandria. An annual priesthood, known as the
400:
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44:
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332:
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Arsinoe married Lysimachus of Thrace in 300 or 299 BC and had three children:
418:
Head of Ptolemy II Philadelphus with Arsinoe II behind. The Greek inscription
7499:
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were posthumously declared to be children of Arsinoe II in the late 260s BC.
455:
366:
In order to position her sons for the throne, she had Lysimachus' first son,
262:
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2444:
2434:
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2056:
1933:
1742:
1683:
1543:
1490:
1395:
553:
510:
4784:
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6721:
6699:
6314:
6261:
6132:
6111:
6072:
5607:
5525:
5515:
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5411:
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5401:
5245:
5137:
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2126:
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1928:
1755:
1735:
1549:
1483:
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1358:
699:
608:, which seem to have been associated with funerary ritual in Alexandria.
475:
In Egypt, she is believed to have instigated the accusation and exile of
386:
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2116:
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2096:
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1889:
1883:
1797:
1525:
1343:
1280:
1081:
Ptolemaic Oinochoai and Portraits in Faience: Aspects of the Ruler-Cult
601:
which she carries. She appears in this guise on a set of mass-produced
598:
572:
534:
336:
285:
170:
129:
103:
1099:
Griechische Geschichte von den Anfängen bis in die römische Kaiserzeit
552:, where she had been a priestess. Those rites are commemorated in the
533:, including her main divine attributes: the ram's horn and the double
7229:
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6731:
6609:
6511:
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6116:
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2009:
1923:
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1630:
1367:
1146:
695:
652:
476:
423:
62:
399:. Ptolemy Keraunos was a son of Ptolemy I Soter and his first wife,
7394:
7379:
7314:
7289:
7149:
6506:
6501:
6334:
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2227:
2132:
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1971:
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1827:
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1381:
605:
404:
277:
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1028:
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2002:
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1625:
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1388:
1267:
1029:"The Death of Arsinoe II Philadelphus: The Evidence Reconsidered"
602:
427:
324:, founder of the Hellenistic state of Egypt, and his second wife
293:
205:
118:
1279:
529:
Coin of Arsinoe II struck under the rule of her husband-brother
7274:
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6735:
6725:
6715:
6703:
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273:
92:
1198:
The Crown of Arsinoë II: The Creation of an Image of Authority
544:
Faience oinochoe with remains of gilding, depicting Arsinoe II
6233:
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35:
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1184:
Philip II, Alexander the Great and the Macedonian Heritage
996:
943:
Imagination of a Monarchy: Studies in Ptolemaic Propaganda
863:
861:
859:
343:
later in life, and he may have previously been her tutor.
5961:
2565:
385:
In 281 BC, Lysimachus died in battle and Arsinoë fled to
3786:
960:
984:
921:
909:
885:
856:
1108:
Kings and colonists: aspects of Macedonian imperialism
1008:
844:
1147:"Did female Egyptian pharaoh rule before Cleopatra?"
972:
897:
873:
822:
820:
769:
832:
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793:
16:
Queen of the Ptolemaic Kingdom (c.316–c.270/268 BC)
781:
1233:entry in historical sourcebook by Mahlon H. Smith
817:
7497:
395:). There, she married her paternal half-brother
6893:
4800:
1252:
373:Arsinoe reportedly paid for a rotunda in the
380:
265:. She was given the Egyptian title "King of
4814:
946:. University of Toronto Press. p. 90.
748:
6900:
6886:
4807:
4793:
1259:
1245:
1118:Arsinoe of Egypt and Macedon: A Royal Life
1034:Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik
749:Vallianatos, Evaggelos G. (October 2021).
320:Arsinoë was the first daughter of Pharaoh
34:
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6772:
4669:
1096:
1078:
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1048:
867:
539:
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413:
306:
1144:
1105:
939:
850:
787:
253:316 BC – between 270 and 268 BC) was a
7498:
6390:
5762:
5343:
4857:
3816:
3181:
2283:
1309:
1163:
1145:Lorenzi, Rossella (December 2, 2010).
1114:
1014:
1002:
990:
978:
966:
927:
915:
903:
891:
879:
838:
826:
811:
799:
775:
407:). Their relationship was never good.
346:
6881:
6771:
6359:
5731:
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4826:
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3785:
3150:
2252:
1278:
1240:
1191:Ptolemy II Philadelphus and his World
1135:
1054:
1045:
1026:
755:. Universal-Publishers. p. 166.
615:
377:, where she was likely an initiate.
4321:
1189:P. McKechnie and P. Guillaume (eds)
335:, but was raised in the new city of
1115:Carney, Elizabeth Donnelly (2013).
729:
698:, including his eventual successor
13:
1203:D. L. Selden, Daniel L. "Alibis".
1176:
370:, poisoned on account of treason.
292:upon her marriage to her brother,
14:
7612:
7546:Pharaohs of the Ptolemaic dynasty
1214:
1138:A History of the Ptolemaic Empire
470:
466:; the gem measures 15,7 x 11,8 cm
7478:
7477:
7465:
6946:
6923:Archaeological Museum of Olympia
6744:
6734:
6724:
6714:
6702:
6692:
6677:
6667:
6657:
6647:
6637:
6627:
6617:
6059:
5949:
5848:
5528:
5285:
65:(as Queen, but not as co-regent)
6928:Ancient Greek Olympic festivals
1090:
1072:
1060:
1020:
933:
269:", making her pharaoh as well.
742:
723:
687:Murdered by Ptolemy Keraunos.
671:Murdered by Ptolemy Keraunos.
520:
311:Arsinoe II, a pottery fragment
195:Lysimachus (son of Lysimachus)
1:
7541:3rd-century BC queens regnant
7536:3rd-century BC Egyptian women
7531:4th-century BC Egyptian women
4279:Ptolemy XIII Theos Philopator
940:Hazzard, R. A. (2000-01-01).
717:
315:
288:. She became co-ruler of the
250:
159:
76:(as Queen and co-regent)
7571:Ancient Greek chariot racers
7526:Ancient Greek queens consort
7521:Ancient Greek queens regnant
1266:
134:281/280–280 BC (as Queen of
108:281/280–280 BC (as Queen of
102:300/299–281 BC (as Queen of
7:
7601:Children of Ptolemy I Soter
7576:Ancient Olympic competitors
4212:Ptolemy VII Neos Philopator
1186:(Washington, 1982), 197-212
1121:. Oxford University Press.
705:
10:
7617:
7095:Herald and Trumpet contest
5319:Second Intermediate Period
3111:Sekhemre-Heruhirmaat Intef
2495:Sekhemrekhutawy Sobekhotep
2259:Second Intermediate Period
1083:. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
1027:Oppen, Branko van (2010).
487:
391:
246:
199:Philip (son of Lysimachus)
18:
7459:
7414:
7119:
7112:
7087:
7061:
6995:
6962:
6955:
6944:
6915:
6778:
6767:
6590:
6557:
6542:
6520:
6477:
6434:
6419:
6381:
6377:
6355:
6270:
6252:
6194:
6166:
6151:
6082:
5982:
5806:
5791:
5753:
5749:
5738:Third Intermediate Period
5727:
5662:
5644:
5626:
5558:
5543:
5450:
5387:
5372:
5334:
5330:
5308:
5206:
5128:
5050:
5015:
5000:
4971:
4901:
4886:
4844:
4833:First Intermediate Period
4822:
4773:
4675:
4664:
4562:Lucius Mussius Aemilianus
4306:
4252:Ptolemy XII Neos Dionysos
4147:
4119:
4104:
4067:
4039:
3999:
3981:
3931:
3864:
3849:
3807:
3803:
3781:
3731:
3708:
3641:
3564:
3502:
3454:
3439:
3372:
3319:
3231:
3216:
3172:
3168:
3157:Third Intermediate Period
3146:
3069:
3028:
2936:
2868:
2716:
2484:
2469:
2405:
2379:
2331:
2316:
2274:
2270:
2248:
2203:
2163:
2038:
2023:
1957:
1899:
1842:
1783:
1768:
1658:
1587:
1572:
1473:
1357:
1342:
1300:
1296:
1285:First Intermediate Period
1274:
381:Queen of Ptolemy Keraunos
375:Samothrace temple complex
226:
216:
204:
184:
166:
154:
146:
142:
124:
116:
98:
90:
80:
69:
58:
50:
42:
33:
28:
7586:Sportswomen in antiquity
7551:Remarried queens consort
7472:Olympic Games portal
7380:Tiberius Caesar Augustus
4837: (<3150–2040 BC)
4274:Cleopatra VII Philopator
2531:Ameny Antef Amenemhet VI
1289: (<3150–2040 BC)
736:Egyptian Royal Genealogy
128:288–281 BC (as Queen of
21:Arsinoe (disambiguation)
7516:3rd-century BC pharaohs
7422:Ancient Olympic victors
5876:Menhet, Menwi and Merti
5521:Khenemetneferhedjet III
4816:Queens of Ancient Egypt
4247:Ptolemy XI Alexander II
4162:Ptolemy II Philadelphus
2456:Seankhibtawy Seankhibra
1226:Encyclopædia Britannica
1136:Holbl, Gunther (2001).
1079:Thompson, D.B. (1973).
531:Ptolemy II Philadelphus
437:Ptolemy II Philadelphus
302:
297:Ptolemy II Philadelphus
179:Ptolemy II Philadelphos
85:Ptolemy II Philadelphus
29:Arsinoe II Philadelphos
7350:Polydamas of Skotoussa
7320:Peisistratos of Athens
7165:Arrhichion of Phigalia
7145:Alexander I of Macedon
6582:Eurydice II of Macedon
5499:Khenemetneferhedjet II
4289:Ptolemy XIV Philopator
4268:Cleopatra VI Tryphaena
4262:Berenice IV Epiphaneia
4217:Ptolemy VIII Euergetes
4187:Arsinoe III Philopator
3101:Sekhemre-Wepmaat Intef
2571:Sekhemrekhutawy Khabaw
2511:Sekhemkare Amenemhat V
2102:Neferkare VI Pepiseneb
1221:Coin with her portrait
1106:Billows, R.A. (1995).
545:
537:
517:, probably in 272 BC.
498:between Egypt and the
467:
431:
331:She was maybe born in
312:
117:Queen consort of
91:Queen consort of
7596:Ancient Greek regents
7561:Hellenistic Macedonia
7385:Timasitheus of Delphi
7355:Pythagoras of Laconia
7135:Agesarchus of Tritaea
6909:Ancient Olympic Games
5484:Khenemetneferhedjet I
4237:Ptolemy X Alexander I
4202:Ptolemy VI Philometor
4182:Ptolemy IV Philopator
4177:Berenice II Euergetes
4172:Ptolemy III Euergetes
4134:Philip III Arrhidaeus
2643:Khahotepre Sobekhotep
2638:Merhotepre Sobekhotep
1992:Merenre Nemtyemsaf II
1097:Bengtson, H. (1977).
560:, and elsewhere. The
543:
528:
453:
417:
310:
272:Arsinoe was Queen of
267:Upper and Lower Egypt
257:and co-regent of the
158:270 or 268 BCE (aged
7591:Ancient Alexandrians
7365:Sostratus of Pellene
7335:Philip II of Macedon
7300:Nero Caesar Augustus
7180:Berenice II of Egypt
7160:Archelaus of Macedon
7150:Anaxilas of Messenia
7140:Alcibiades of Athens
6773:Dynastic genealogies
6449:Khedebneithirbinet I
5323: (2040–1550 BC)
4829:Protodynastic Period
4670:Dynastic genealogies
4294:Ptolemy XV Caesarion
3590:Tutkheperre Shoshenq
3504:High Priests of Amun
3006:Merankhre Mentuhotep
2708:Seheqenre Sankhptahi
2703:Sewadjare Mentuhotep
2556:Khaankhre Sobekhotep
2263: (2040–1550 BC)
1982:Merenre Nemtyemsaf I
1140:. London: Routledge.
445:Antigonus II Gonatas
284:by marriage to King
54:273/272 – 270/268 BC
19:For other uses, see
7405:Xenophon of Corinth
7395:Varazdat of Armenia
7370:Theagenes of Thasos
7360:Pythagoras of Samos
7340:Philippus of Croton
7310:Onomastus of Smyrna
7265:Hiero I of Syracuse
7260:Herodorus of Megara
7250:Ergoteles of Himera
7230:Demaratus of Sparta
7053:Tethrippon of polos
5742: (1550–664 BC)
4192:Ptolemy V Epiphanes
4129:Alexander the Great
3161: (1550–664 BC)
2683:Mershepsesre Ini II
2678:Merkawre Sobekhotep
2072:Neferkare IV Khendu
1205:Classical Antiquity
1005:, p. VIII 309.
347:Queen of Lysimachus
341:Strato of Lampsacus
326:Berenice I of Egypt
231:Berenice I of Egypt
7566:Egyptian goddesses
7556:Hellenistic Thrace
7442:Hellenistic period
7400:Xenophon of Aegium
7315:Orsippus of Megara
7285:Leonidas of Rhodes
7245:Diocles of Corinth
7240:Diagoras of Rhodes
7190:Chaeron of Pellene
7130:Agasias of Arcadia
7125:Acanthus of Sparta
6938:Stadium at Olympia
6366:Hellenistic Period
5866:Merytre-Hatshepsut
5826:Ahmose-Henuttamehu
4529:Trebonianus Gallus
3116:Senakhtenre Ahmose
2734:Ya'ammu Nubwoserre
2688:Sewahenre Senebmiu
2663:Sankhenre Sewadjtu
2092:Neferkare V Tereru
2062:Neferkare III Neby
1730:Sekhemib-Perenmaat
1210:(2), October 1998.
1057:, pp. 101–104
616:Marriage and issue
564:region became the
546:
538:
468:
432:
313:
7493:
7492:
7455:
7454:
7375:Theron of Acragas
7345:Phrynon of Athens
7325:Phanas of Pellene
7235:Desmon of Corinth
7220:Cynisca of Sparta
7200:Chionis of Sparta
7175:Astylos of Croton
7108:
7107:
6875:
6874:
6871:
6870:
6763:
6762:
6759:
6758:
6755:
6754:
6538:
6537:
6415:
6414:
6370: (664–30 BC)
6351:
6350:
6347:
6346:
6343:
6342:
6147:
6146:
5787:
5786:
5723:
5722:
5719:
5718:
5715:
5714:
5539:
5538:
5368:
5367:
5304:
5303:
5300:
5299:
5296:
5295:
4996:
4995:
4882:
4881:
4782:
4781:
4769:
4768:
4660:
4659:
4656:
4655:
4652:
4651:
4576:Claudius Gothicus
4470:Severus Alexander
4437:Septimius Severus
4302:
4301:
4100:
4099:
3845:
3844:
3777:
3776:
3773:
3772:
3769:
3768:
3484:Osorkon the Elder
3435:
3434:
3212:
3211:
3142:
3141:
3138:
3137:
3134:
3133:
3106:Nubkheperre Intef
2986:Sekhemre Shedwast
2608:Sehetepkare Intef
2536:Semenkare Nebnuni
2465:
2464:
2312:
2311:
2244:
2243:
2240:
2239:
2236:
2235:
2019:
2018:
1997:Netjerkare Siptah
1919:Neferirkare Kakai
1764:
1763:
1568:
1567:
1338:
1337:
1128:978-0-19-971101-7
969:, p. 95-100.
953:978-0-8020-4313-9
691:
690:
578:another sanctuary
401:Eurydice of Egypt
290:Ptolemaic Kingdom
259:Ptolemaic Kingdom
236:
235:
45:Ptolemaic Kingdom
7608:
7481:
7480:
7470:
7469:
7468:
7437:Classical period
7415:Lists of winners
7280:Iccus of Taranto
7210:Coroebus of Elis
7195:Chilon of Patras
7155:Aratus of Sicyon
7117:
7116:
7043:Synoris of polos
7008:Chariot of polos
6960:
6959:
6950:
6949:
6902:
6895:
6888:
6879:
6878:
6769:
6768:
6748:
6738:
6728:
6718:
6706:
6696:
6685:Cleopatra Selene
6681:
6671:
6661:
6651:
6645:Cleopatra I Syra
6641:
6631:
6621:
6555:
6554:
6551:
6550:
6432:
6431:
6428:
6427:
6408:
6401:
6388:
6387:
6379:
6378:
6372:
6371:
6357:
6356:
6229:Nesitanebetashru
6224:Nesitaudjatakhet
6164:
6163:
6160:
6159:
6097:Iset Ta-Hemdjert
6063:
5953:
5852:
5831:Ahmose-Meritamun
5821:Ahmose-Sitkamose
5816:Ahmose-Nefertari
5804:
5803:
5800:
5799:
5780:
5773:
5760:
5759:
5751:
5750:
5744:
5743:
5729:
5728:
5556:
5555:
5552:
5551:
5532:
5385:
5384:
5381:
5380:
5361:
5354:
5341:
5340:
5332:
5331:
5325:
5324:
5310:
5309:
5289:
5271:Ankhesenpepi III
5110:Khamerernebty II
5013:
5012:
5009:
5008:
4899:
4898:
4895:
4894:
4875:
4868:
4855:
4854:
4846:
4845:
4839:
4838:
4824:
4823:
4809:
4802:
4795:
4786:
4785:
4776:List of pharaohs
4666:
4665:
4431:Pescennius Niger
4319:
4318:
4315:
4314:
4227:Ptolemy IX Soter
4197:Cleopatra I Syra
4117:
4116:
4113:
4112:
3862:
3861:
3858:
3857:
3814:
3813:
3805:
3804:
3798:
3797:
3783:
3782:
3534:Djedkhonsuefankh
3452:
3451:
3448:
3447:
3229:
3228:
3225:
3224:
3199:
3194:
3179:
3178:
3170:
3169:
3163:
3162:
3148:
3147:
2741:Qareh Khawoserre
2727:Yakbim Sekhaenre
2668:Mersekhemre Ined
2482:
2481:
2478:
2477:
2329:
2328:
2325:
2324:
2281:
2280:
2272:
2271:
2265:
2264:
2250:
2249:
2036:
2035:
2032:
2031:
1781:
1780:
1777:
1776:
1585:
1584:
1581:
1580:
1355:
1354:
1351:
1350:
1307:
1306:
1298:
1297:
1291:
1290:
1276:
1275:
1261:
1254:
1247:
1238:
1237:
1172:
1169:aka P. Mil. Vogl
1160:
1158:
1157:
1141:
1132:
1111:
1102:
1085:
1084:
1076:
1070:
1064:
1058:
1052:
1043:
1042:
1024:
1018:
1012:
1006:
1000:
994:
993:, p. 90-95.
988:
982:
976:
970:
964:
958:
957:
937:
931:
930:, p. 70-82.
925:
919:
918:, p. 67-70.
913:
907:
901:
895:
894:, p. 60-63.
889:
883:
877:
871:
865:
854:
848:
842:
836:
830:
824:
815:
809:
803:
797:
791:
785:
779:
773:
767:
766:
746:
740:
739:
730:Bennett, Chris.
727:
623:
622:
509:, she won three
496:First Syrian War
489:
460:Hermitage Museum
397:Ptolemy Keraunos
394:
393:
353:Ptolemy Epigonos
252:
248:
221:Ptolemy I Soter
191:Ptolemy Epigonos
175:Ptolemy Keraunos
161:
136:Ptolemy Keraunos
110:Ptolemy Keraunos
38:
26:
25:
7616:
7615:
7611:
7610:
7609:
7607:
7606:
7605:
7581:Female pharaohs
7496:
7495:
7494:
7489:
7466:
7464:
7451:
7410:
7409:
7390:Troilus of Elis
7330:Philinus of Cos
7305:Oebotas of Dyme
7270:Hypenus of Elis
7215:Cylon of Athens
7104:
7083:
7057:
7028:Perfect chariot
6991:
6951:
6947:
6942:
6911:
6906:
6876:
6867:
6774:
6751:
6586:
6548:
6547:
6546:
6534:
6516:
6473:
6425:
6424:
6423:
6411:
6404:
6399:
6393:
6384:
6373:
6369:
6368:
6339:
6266:
6248:
6190:
6157:
6156:
6155:
6143:
6078:
6022:Maathorneferure
5978:
5946:Neferneferuaten
5797:
5796:
5795:
5783:
5776:
5771:
5765:
5756:
5745:
5741:
5740:
5711:
5658:
5640:
5622:
5549:
5548:
5547:
5535:
5446:
5378:
5377:
5376:
5364:
5357:
5352:
5346:
5337:
5326:
5322:
5321:
5292:
5276:Ankhesenpepi IV
5231:Ankhesenpepi II
5202:
5124:
5095:Khamerernebty I
5046:
5006:
5005:
5004:
4992:
4967:
4892:
4891:
4890:
4878:
4871:
4866:
4860:
4851:
4840:
4836:
4835:
4818:
4813:
4783:
4778:
4765:
4671:
4648:
4548:Macrianus Minor
4477:Maximinus Thrax
4413:Marcus Aurelius
4312:
4311:
4310:
4298:
4157:Ptolemy I Soter
4143:
4110:
4109:
4108:
4096:
4063:
4035:
3995:
3977:
3957:Psammetichus IV
3927:
3855:
3854:
3853:
3841:
3819:
3810:
3799:
3796:(664 BC–313 AD)
3795:
3794:
3765:
3727:
3704:
3700:Menkheperre Ini
3637:
3560:
3498:
3445:
3444:
3443:
3431:
3368:
3315:
3296:Neferneferuaten
3222:
3221:
3220:
3208:
3207:
3197:
3192:
3191:Pharaohs
3184:
3175:
3164:
3160:
3159:
3130:
3065:
3024:
2951:Sobekhotep VIII
2932:
2864:
2712:
2673:Sewadjkare Hori
2475:
2474:
2473:
2461:
2401:
2375:
2322:
2321:
2320:
2308:
2286:
2277:
2266:
2262:
2261:
2232:
2199:
2159:
2067:Djedkare Shemai
2029:
2028:
2027:
2015:
1953:
1895:
1838:
1774:
1773:
1772:
1760:
1654:
1578:
1577:
1576:
1564:
1469:
1348:
1347:
1346:
1334:
1312:
1303:
1292:
1288:
1287:
1270:
1265:
1217:
1200:. Oxford, 2012.
1193:. Leiden, 2008.
1179:
1177:Further reading
1155:
1153:
1129:
1093:
1088:
1077:
1073:
1065:
1061:
1053:
1046:
1025:
1021:
1013:
1009:
1001:
997:
989:
985:
977:
973:
965:
961:
954:
938:
934:
926:
922:
914:
910:
902:
898:
890:
886:
878:
874:
866:
857:
849:
845:
837:
833:
825:
818:
810:
806:
798:
794:
786:
782:
774:
770:
763:
747:
743:
728:
724:
720:
708:
648:February 240 BC
618:
591:Nesiotic League
523:
500:Seleucid Empire
473:
383:
349:
322:Ptolemy I Soter
318:
305:
255:Ptolemaic queen
197:
193:
177:
173:
133:
107:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
7614:
7604:
7603:
7598:
7593:
7588:
7583:
7578:
7573:
7568:
7563:
7558:
7553:
7548:
7543:
7538:
7533:
7528:
7523:
7518:
7513:
7511:260s BC deaths
7508:
7491:
7490:
7488:
7487:
7475:
7460:
7457:
7456:
7453:
7452:
7450:
7449:
7444:
7439:
7434:
7432:Archaic period
7429:
7424:
7418:
7416:
7412:
7411:
7408:
7407:
7402:
7397:
7392:
7387:
7382:
7377:
7372:
7367:
7362:
7357:
7352:
7347:
7342:
7337:
7332:
7327:
7322:
7317:
7312:
7307:
7302:
7297:
7295:Milo of Croton
7292:
7287:
7282:
7277:
7275:Hysmon of Elis
7272:
7267:
7262:
7257:
7252:
7247:
7242:
7237:
7232:
7227:
7222:
7217:
7212:
7207:
7205:Cimon Coalemos
7202:
7197:
7192:
7187:
7182:
7177:
7172:
7167:
7162:
7157:
7152:
7147:
7142:
7137:
7132:
7127:
7121:
7120:
7114:
7110:
7109:
7106:
7105:
7103:
7102:
7097:
7091:
7089:
7085:
7084:
7082:
7081:
7076:
7071:
7065:
7063:
7059:
7058:
7056:
7055:
7050:
7045:
7040:
7035:
7030:
7025:
7020:
7015:
7010:
7005:
6999:
6997:
6993:
6992:
6990:
6989:
6984:
6979:
6974:
6968:
6966:
6957:
6953:
6952:
6945:
6943:
6941:
6940:
6935:
6930:
6925:
6919:
6917:
6913:
6912:
6905:
6904:
6897:
6890:
6882:
6873:
6872:
6869:
6868:
6866:
6865:
6860:
6855:
6850:
6845:
6840:
6835:
6830:
6825:
6820:
6815:
6810:
6805:
6800:
6795:
6790:
6785:
6779:
6776:
6775:
6765:
6764:
6761:
6760:
6757:
6756:
6753:
6752:
6750:
6749:
6739:
6729:
6719:
6707:
6697:
6687:
6682:
6672:
6662:
6652:
6642:
6632:
6622:
6612:
6607:
6602:
6596:
6594:
6588:
6587:
6585:
6584:
6579:
6574:
6569:
6563:
6561:
6552:
6540:
6539:
6536:
6535:
6533:
6532:
6526:
6524:
6518:
6517:
6515:
6514:
6509:
6504:
6499:
6494:
6489:
6483:
6481:
6475:
6474:
6472:
6471:
6466:
6464:Nakhtubasterau
6461:
6456:
6451:
6446:
6444:Mehytenweskhet
6440:
6438:
6429:
6417:
6416:
6413:
6412:
6410:
6409:
6402:
6396:
6394:
6391:
6385:
6382:
6375:
6374:
6353:
6352:
6349:
6348:
6345:
6344:
6341:
6340:
6338:
6337:
6332:
6327:
6322:
6317:
6312:
6307:
6302:
6297:
6292:
6287:
6282:
6276:
6274:
6268:
6267:
6265:
6264:
6258:
6256:
6250:
6249:
6247:
6246:
6241:
6236:
6231:
6226:
6221:
6216:
6211:
6206:
6200:
6198:
6192:
6191:
6189:
6188:
6183:
6178:
6172:
6170:
6161:
6153:3 Intermediate
6149:
6148:
6145:
6144:
6142:
6141:
6136:
6129:
6124:
6119:
6114:
6109:
6104:
6099:
6094:
6088:
6086:
6080:
6079:
6077:
6076:
6069:
6064:
6054:
6049:
6044:
6039:
6034:
6029:
6024:
6019:
6014:
6009:
6004:
5999:
5994:
5988:
5986:
5980:
5979:
5977:
5976:
5969:
5964:
5959:
5954:
5942:
5937:
5932:
5923:
5918:
5913:
5908:
5903:
5898:
5893:
5888:
5883:
5878:
5873:
5868:
5863:
5858:
5853:
5843:
5838:
5833:
5828:
5823:
5818:
5812:
5810:
5801:
5798:(1550–1070 BC)
5789:
5788:
5785:
5784:
5782:
5781:
5774:
5768:
5766:
5763:
5757:
5754:
5747:
5746:
5725:
5724:
5721:
5720:
5717:
5716:
5713:
5712:
5710:
5709:
5704:
5699:
5694:
5689:
5684:
5679:
5674:
5668:
5666:
5660:
5659:
5657:
5656:
5650:
5648:
5642:
5641:
5639:
5638:
5632:
5630:
5624:
5623:
5621:
5620:
5615:
5610:
5605:
5600:
5595:
5590:
5585:
5580:
5575:
5570:
5564:
5562:
5553:
5550:(1802–1550 BC)
5545:2 Intermediate
5541:
5540:
5537:
5536:
5534:
5533:
5523:
5518:
5513:
5506:
5501:
5496:
5491:
5486:
5481:
5476:
5469:
5464:
5461:Neferitatjenen
5456:
5454:
5448:
5447:
5445:
5444:
5439:
5434:
5429:
5424:
5419:
5414:
5409:
5404:
5399:
5393:
5391:
5382:
5379:(2040–1802 BC)
5374:Middle Kingdom
5370:
5369:
5366:
5365:
5363:
5362:
5355:
5349:
5347:
5344:
5338:
5335:
5328:
5327:
5315:Middle Kingdom
5306:
5305:
5302:
5301:
5298:
5297:
5294:
5293:
5291:
5290:
5278:
5273:
5268:
5263:
5258:
5253:
5248:
5243:
5238:
5233:
5228:
5226:Ankhesenpepi I
5223:
5218:
5212:
5210:
5204:
5203:
5201:
5200:
5195:
5190:
5185:
5180:
5175:
5170:
5165:
5160:
5155:
5150:
5145:
5140:
5134:
5132:
5126:
5125:
5123:
5122:
5117:
5112:
5107:
5102:
5097:
5092:
5087:
5082:
5077:
5072:
5067:
5062:
5056:
5054:
5048:
5047:
5045:
5044:
5039:
5034:
5027:
5021:
5019:
5010:
5007:(2686–2181 BC)
4998:
4997:
4994:
4993:
4991:
4990:
4985:
4977:
4975:
4969:
4968:
4966:
4965:
4960:
4955:
4950:
4945:
4940:
4935:
4930:
4925:
4918:
4913:
4907:
4905:
4896:
4893:(3150–2686 BC)
4888:Early Dynastic
4884:
4883:
4880:
4879:
4877:
4876:
4869:
4863:
4861:
4858:
4852:
4849:
4842:
4841:
4820:
4819:
4812:
4811:
4804:
4797:
4789:
4780:
4779:
4774:
4771:
4770:
4767:
4766:
4764:
4763:
4758:
4753:
4748:
4743:
4738:
4733:
4728:
4723:
4718:
4713:
4708:
4703:
4698:
4693:
4688:
4685:
4682:
4676:
4673:
4672:
4662:
4661:
4658:
4657:
4654:
4653:
4650:
4649:
4647:
4646:
4644:Maximinus Daza
4641:
4636:
4631:
4626:
4619:
4612:
4605:
4600:
4593:
4586:
4579:
4572:
4565:
4558:
4551:
4544:
4539:
4532:
4525:
4520:
4515:
4508:
4501:
4494:
4487:
4480:
4473:
4466:
4459:
4454:
4449:
4444:
4439:
4434:
4427:
4420:
4415:
4410:
4405:
4403:Antoninus Pius
4400:
4395:
4390:
4385:
4380:
4375:
4370:
4363:
4358:
4353:
4348:
4343:
4338:
4333:
4327:
4325:
4316:
4313:(30 BC–313 AD)
4304:
4303:
4300:
4299:
4297:
4296:
4291:
4286:
4281:
4276:
4271:
4264:
4259:
4254:
4249:
4244:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4224:
4219:
4214:
4209:
4204:
4199:
4194:
4189:
4184:
4179:
4174:
4169:
4164:
4159:
4153:
4151:
4145:
4144:
4142:
4141:
4136:
4131:
4125:
4123:
4114:
4102:
4101:
4098:
4097:
4095:
4094:
4089:
4084:
4079:
4077:Artaxerxes III
4073:
4071:
4065:
4064:
4062:
4061:
4056:
4051:
4045:
4043:
4037:
4036:
4034:
4033:
4026:
4021:
4016:
4011:
4005:
4003:
3997:
3996:
3994:
3993:
3987:
3985:
3979:
3978:
3976:
3975:
3970:
3965:
3960:
3953:
3948:
3946:Petubastis III
3943:
3937:
3935:
3929:
3928:
3926:
3925:
3920:
3915:
3910:
3905:
3900:
3895:
3890:
3883:
3878:
3870:
3868:
3859:
3847:
3846:
3843:
3842:
3840:
3839:
3834:
3833:
3832:
3829:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3811:
3808:
3801:
3800:
3779:
3778:
3775:
3774:
3771:
3770:
3767:
3766:
3764:
3763:
3758:
3753:
3748:
3743:
3737:
3735:
3729:
3728:
3726:
3725:
3720:
3714:
3712:
3706:
3705:
3703:
3702:
3697:
3690:
3685:
3680:
3675:
3670:
3663:
3658:
3653:
3647:
3645:
3639:
3638:
3636:
3635:
3630:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3586:
3581:
3576:
3570:
3568:
3562:
3561:
3559:
3558:
3551:
3546:
3541:
3536:
3531:
3526:
3521:
3514:
3508:
3506:
3500:
3499:
3497:
3496:
3491:
3486:
3481:
3476:
3471:
3466:
3460:
3458:
3449:
3441:3 Intermediate
3437:
3436:
3433:
3432:
3430:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3399:
3394:
3389:
3384:
3378:
3376:
3370:
3369:
3367:
3366:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3336:
3331:
3325:
3323:
3317:
3316:
3314:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3288:
3283:
3278:
3273:
3268:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3237:
3235:
3226:
3223:(1550–1070 BC)
3214:
3213:
3210:
3209:
3206:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3188:
3187:
3185:
3182:
3176:
3173:
3166:
3165:
3144:
3143:
3140:
3139:
3136:
3135:
3132:
3131:
3129:
3128:
3123:
3118:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3081:
3075:
3073:
3067:
3066:
3064:
3063:
3056:
3049:
3042:
3034:
3032:
3026:
3025:
3023:
3022:
3015:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2956:Neferhotep III
2953:
2948:
2942:
2940:
2934:
2933:
2931:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2913:
2908:
2903:
2896:
2889:
2882:
2874:
2872:
2866:
2865:
2863:
2862:
2855:
2848:
2841:
2834:
2827:
2820:
2813:
2808:
2803:
2798:
2793:
2788:
2786:Sewadjkare III
2783:
2778:
2773:
2768:
2763:
2758:
2755:Maaibre Sheshi
2751:
2748:'Ammu Ahotepre
2744:
2737:
2730:
2722:
2720:
2714:
2713:
2711:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2658:Merhotepre Ini
2655:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2620:
2618:Sobekhotep III
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2490:
2488:
2479:
2476:(1802–1550 BC)
2471:2 Intermediate
2467:
2466:
2463:
2462:
2460:
2459:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2417:
2411:
2409:
2403:
2402:
2400:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2383:
2381:
2377:
2376:
2374:
2373:
2368:
2366:Mentuhotep III
2363:
2358:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2337:
2335:
2326:
2323:(2040–1802 BC)
2318:Middle Kingdom
2314:
2313:
2310:
2309:
2307:
2306:
2301:
2300:
2299:
2296:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2278:
2275:
2268:
2267:
2255:Middle Kingdom
2246:
2245:
2242:
2241:
2238:
2237:
2234:
2233:
2231:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2218:Neferkare VIII
2215:
2209:
2207:
2201:
2200:
2198:
2197:
2190:
2185:
2183:Nebkaure Khety
2180:
2175:
2173:Meryibre Khety
2169:
2167:
2161:
2160:
2158:
2157:
2150:
2143:
2136:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2107:Neferkamin Anu
2104:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2048:
2046:
2033:
2030:(2181–2040 BC)
2025:1 Intermediate
2021:
2020:
2017:
2016:
2014:
2013:
2006:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1963:
1961:
1955:
1954:
1952:
1951:
1946:
1944:Djedkare Isesi
1941:
1939:Menkauhor Kaiu
1936:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1905:
1903:
1897:
1896:
1894:
1893:
1886:
1881:
1876:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1854:
1848:
1846:
1840:
1839:
1837:
1836:
1831:
1824:
1817:
1812:
1805:
1800:
1795:
1789:
1787:
1778:
1775:(2686–2181 BC)
1766:
1765:
1762:
1761:
1759:
1758:
1753:
1746:
1739:
1732:
1727:
1722:
1715:
1708:
1701:
1694:
1687:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1664:
1662:
1656:
1655:
1653:
1652:
1645:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1608:
1603:
1593:
1591:
1582:
1579:(3150–2686 BC)
1574:Early Dynastic
1570:
1569:
1566:
1565:
1563:
1562:
1553:
1546:
1541:
1536:
1529:
1522:
1515:
1508:
1501:
1494:
1487:
1479:
1477:
1471:
1470:
1468:
1467:
1460:
1455:
1448:
1441:
1434:
1427:
1420:
1413:
1406:
1399:
1392:
1385:
1378:
1371:
1363:
1361:
1352:
1340:
1339:
1336:
1335:
1333:
1332:
1327:
1326:
1325:
1322:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1304:
1301:
1294:
1293:
1272:
1271:
1264:
1263:
1256:
1249:
1241:
1235:
1234:
1228:
1223:
1216:
1215:External links
1213:
1212:
1211:
1201:
1194:
1187:
1178:
1175:
1174:
1173:
1161:
1142:
1133:
1127:
1112:
1103:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1086:
1071:
1059:
1044:
1019:
1017:, p. 142.
1007:
995:
983:
971:
959:
952:
932:
920:
908:
896:
884:
872:
870:, p. 569.
855:
853:, p. 110.
843:
831:
816:
804:
792:
780:
778:, p. 115.
768:
761:
741:
721:
719:
716:
715:
714:
712:Arsinoitherium
707:
704:
689:
688:
685:
682:
679:
673:
672:
669:
666:
663:
657:
656:
655:until 240 BC.
649:
646:
643:
637:
636:
633:
630:
627:
617:
614:
566:Arsinoite nome
522:
519:
472:
471:Queen of Egypt
469:
464:St. Petersburg
382:
379:
348:
345:
317:
314:
304:
301:
234:
233:
228:
224:
223:
218:
214:
213:
208:
202:
201:
188:
182:
181:
168:
164:
163:
156:
152:
151:
148:
144:
143:
140:
139:
126:
122:
121:
114:
113:
100:
96:
95:
88:
87:
82:
78:
77:
71:
67:
66:
60:
56:
55:
52:
48:
47:
40:
39:
31:
30:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7613:
7602:
7599:
7597:
7594:
7592:
7589:
7587:
7584:
7582:
7579:
7577:
7574:
7572:
7569:
7567:
7564:
7562:
7559:
7557:
7554:
7552:
7549:
7547:
7544:
7542:
7539:
7537:
7534:
7532:
7529:
7527:
7524:
7522:
7519:
7517:
7514:
7512:
7509:
7507:
7506:316 BC births
7504:
7503:
7501:
7486:
7485:
7476:
7474:
7473:
7462:
7461:
7458:
7448:
7445:
7443:
7440:
7438:
7435:
7433:
7430:
7428:
7425:
7423:
7420:
7419:
7417:
7413:
7406:
7403:
7401:
7398:
7396:
7393:
7391:
7388:
7386:
7383:
7381:
7378:
7376:
7373:
7371:
7368:
7366:
7363:
7361:
7358:
7356:
7353:
7351:
7348:
7346:
7343:
7341:
7338:
7336:
7333:
7331:
7328:
7326:
7323:
7321:
7318:
7316:
7313:
7311:
7308:
7306:
7303:
7301:
7298:
7296:
7293:
7291:
7288:
7286:
7283:
7281:
7278:
7276:
7273:
7271:
7268:
7266:
7263:
7261:
7258:
7256:
7253:
7251:
7248:
7246:
7243:
7241:
7238:
7236:
7233:
7231:
7228:
7226:
7223:
7221:
7218:
7216:
7213:
7211:
7208:
7206:
7203:
7201:
7198:
7196:
7193:
7191:
7188:
7186:
7183:
7181:
7178:
7176:
7173:
7171:
7168:
7166:
7163:
7161:
7158:
7156:
7153:
7151:
7148:
7146:
7143:
7141:
7138:
7136:
7133:
7131:
7128:
7126:
7123:
7122:
7118:
7115:
7111:
7101:
7098:
7096:
7093:
7092:
7090:
7086:
7080:
7077:
7075:
7072:
7070:
7067:
7066:
7064:
7060:
7054:
7051:
7049:
7046:
7044:
7041:
7039:
7036:
7034:
7031:
7029:
7026:
7024:
7021:
7019:
7016:
7014:
7011:
7009:
7006:
7004:
7001:
7000:
6998:
6994:
6988:
6985:
6983:
6982:Hoplitodromos
6980:
6978:
6975:
6973:
6970:
6969:
6967:
6965:
6961:
6958:
6954:
6939:
6936:
6934:
6931:
6929:
6926:
6924:
6921:
6920:
6918:
6914:
6910:
6903:
6898:
6896:
6891:
6889:
6884:
6883:
6880:
6864:
6861:
6859:
6856:
6854:
6851:
6849:
6846:
6844:
6841:
6839:
6836:
6834:
6831:
6829:
6826:
6824:
6821:
6819:
6816:
6814:
6811:
6809:
6806:
6804:
6801:
6799:
6796:
6794:
6791:
6789:
6786:
6784:
6781:
6780:
6777:
6770:
6766:
6747:
6743:
6740:
6737:
6733:
6732:Cleopatra VII
6730:
6727:
6723:
6720:
6717:
6713:
6712:
6708:
6705:
6701:
6698:
6695:
6691:
6688:
6686:
6683:
6680:
6676:
6673:
6670:
6666:
6665:Cleopatra III
6663:
6660:
6656:
6653:
6650:
6646:
6643:
6640:
6636:
6633:
6630:
6626:
6623:
6620:
6616:
6613:
6611:
6608:
6606:
6603:
6601:
6598:
6597:
6595:
6593:
6589:
6583:
6580:
6578:
6575:
6573:
6570:
6568:
6565:
6564:
6562:
6560:
6556:
6553:
6545:
6541:
6531:
6528:
6527:
6525:
6523:
6519:
6513:
6510:
6508:
6505:
6503:
6500:
6498:
6495:
6493:
6490:
6488:
6485:
6484:
6482:
6480:
6476:
6470:
6467:
6465:
6462:
6460:
6457:
6455:
6452:
6450:
6447:
6445:
6442:
6441:
6439:
6437:
6433:
6430:
6422:
6418:
6407:
6403:
6398:
6397:
6395:
6389:
6386:
6380:
6376:
6367:
6363:
6358:
6354:
6336:
6333:
6331:
6328:
6326:
6323:
6321:
6320:Takahatenamun
6318:
6316:
6313:
6311:
6308:
6306:
6303:
6301:
6298:
6296:
6293:
6291:
6288:
6286:
6283:
6281:
6278:
6277:
6275:
6273:
6269:
6263:
6260:
6259:
6257:
6255:
6251:
6245:
6242:
6240:
6237:
6235:
6232:
6230:
6227:
6225:
6222:
6220:
6217:
6215:
6212:
6210:
6207:
6205:
6202:
6201:
6199:
6197:
6193:
6187:
6184:
6182:
6179:
6177:
6174:
6173:
6171:
6169:
6165:
6162:
6158:(1069–664 BC)
6154:
6150:
6140:
6137:
6135:
6134:
6130:
6128:
6125:
6123:
6120:
6118:
6115:
6113:
6110:
6108:
6105:
6103:
6100:
6098:
6095:
6093:
6090:
6089:
6087:
6085:
6081:
6075:
6074:
6070:
6068:
6065:
6062:
6058:
6055:
6053:
6050:
6048:
6047:Isetnofret II
6045:
6043:
6040:
6038:
6035:
6033:
6030:
6028:
6025:
6023:
6020:
6018:
6015:
6013:
6010:
6008:
6005:
6003:
6000:
5998:
5995:
5993:
5990:
5989:
5987:
5985:
5981:
5975:
5974:
5970:
5968:
5965:
5963:
5960:
5958:
5955:
5952:
5948:
5947:
5943:
5941:
5938:
5936:
5933:
5931:
5927:
5924:
5922:
5919:
5917:
5914:
5912:
5909:
5907:
5904:
5902:
5899:
5897:
5894:
5892:
5889:
5887:
5884:
5882:
5879:
5877:
5874:
5872:
5869:
5867:
5864:
5862:
5859:
5857:
5854:
5851:
5847:
5844:
5842:
5839:
5837:
5834:
5832:
5829:
5827:
5824:
5822:
5819:
5817:
5814:
5813:
5811:
5809:
5805:
5802:
5794:
5790:
5779:
5775:
5770:
5769:
5767:
5761:
5758:
5752:
5748:
5739:
5735:
5730:
5726:
5708:
5705:
5703:
5700:
5698:
5697:Ahmose Inhapy
5695:
5693:
5690:
5688:
5685:
5683:
5680:
5678:
5675:
5673:
5670:
5669:
5667:
5665:
5661:
5655:
5652:
5651:
5649:
5647:
5643:
5637:
5634:
5633:
5631:
5629:
5625:
5619:
5616:
5614:
5611:
5609:
5606:
5604:
5601:
5599:
5596:
5594:
5591:
5589:
5586:
5584:
5581:
5579:
5576:
5574:
5571:
5569:
5566:
5565:
5563:
5561:
5557:
5554:
5546:
5542:
5531:
5527:
5524:
5522:
5519:
5517:
5514:
5512:
5511:
5507:
5505:
5502:
5500:
5497:
5495:
5492:
5490:
5487:
5485:
5482:
5480:
5477:
5475:
5474:
5470:
5468:
5465:
5463:
5462:
5458:
5457:
5455:
5453:
5449:
5443:
5440:
5438:
5435:
5433:
5430:
5428:
5425:
5423:
5420:
5418:
5415:
5413:
5410:
5408:
5405:
5403:
5400:
5398:
5395:
5394:
5392:
5390:
5386:
5383:
5375:
5371:
5360:
5356:
5351:
5350:
5348:
5342:
5339:
5333:
5329:
5320:
5316:
5311:
5307:
5288:
5284:
5283:
5279:
5277:
5274:
5272:
5269:
5267:
5264:
5262:
5259:
5257:
5254:
5252:
5249:
5247:
5244:
5242:
5239:
5237:
5234:
5232:
5229:
5227:
5224:
5222:
5219:
5217:
5214:
5213:
5211:
5209:
5205:
5199:
5196:
5194:
5191:
5189:
5186:
5184:
5181:
5179:
5176:
5174:
5171:
5169:
5166:
5164:
5161:
5159:
5158:Khentkaus III
5156:
5154:
5151:
5149:
5146:
5144:
5141:
5139:
5136:
5135:
5133:
5131:
5127:
5121:
5118:
5116:
5113:
5111:
5108:
5106:
5103:
5101:
5098:
5096:
5093:
5091:
5090:Meresankh III
5088:
5086:
5085:Hetepheres II
5083:
5081:
5078:
5076:
5073:
5071:
5068:
5066:
5063:
5061:
5058:
5057:
5055:
5053:
5049:
5043:
5040:
5038:
5035:
5033:
5032:
5031:Djeseretnebti
5028:
5026:
5025:Hetephernebti
5023:
5022:
5020:
5018:
5014:
5011:
5003:
4999:
4989:
4986:
4984:
4983:
4979:
4978:
4976:
4974:
4970:
4964:
4961:
4959:
4956:
4954:
4951:
4949:
4946:
4944:
4941:
4939:
4936:
4934:
4931:
4929:
4926:
4924:
4923:
4919:
4917:
4914:
4912:
4909:
4908:
4906:
4904:
4900:
4897:
4889:
4885:
4874:
4870:
4865:
4864:
4862:
4856:
4853:
4847:
4843:
4834:
4830:
4825:
4821:
4817:
4810:
4805:
4803:
4798:
4796:
4791:
4790:
4787:
4777:
4772:
4762:
4759:
4757:
4754:
4752:
4749:
4747:
4744:
4742:
4739:
4737:
4734:
4732:
4729:
4727:
4724:
4722:
4719:
4717:
4714:
4712:
4709:
4707:
4704:
4702:
4699:
4697:
4694:
4692:
4689:
4686:
4683:
4681:
4678:
4677:
4674:
4667:
4663:
4645:
4642:
4640:
4637:
4635:
4632:
4630:
4627:
4625:
4624:
4620:
4618:
4617:
4613:
4611:
4610:
4606:
4604:
4601:
4599:
4598:
4594:
4592:
4591:
4587:
4585:
4584:
4580:
4578:
4577:
4573:
4571:
4570:
4566:
4564:
4563:
4559:
4557:
4556:
4552:
4550:
4549:
4545:
4543:
4540:
4538:
4537:
4533:
4531:
4530:
4526:
4524:
4521:
4519:
4516:
4514:
4513:
4509:
4507:
4506:
4502:
4500:
4499:
4495:
4493:
4492:
4488:
4486:
4485:
4481:
4479:
4478:
4474:
4472:
4471:
4467:
4465:
4464:
4460:
4458:
4455:
4453:
4450:
4448:
4445:
4443:
4440:
4438:
4435:
4433:
4432:
4428:
4426:
4425:
4421:
4419:
4416:
4414:
4411:
4409:
4406:
4404:
4401:
4399:
4396:
4394:
4391:
4389:
4386:
4384:
4381:
4379:
4376:
4374:
4371:
4369:
4368:
4364:
4362:
4359:
4357:
4354:
4352:
4349:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4339:
4337:
4334:
4332:
4329:
4328:
4326:
4324:
4320:
4317:
4309:
4305:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4282:
4280:
4277:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4269:
4265:
4263:
4260:
4258:
4255:
4253:
4250:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4230:
4228:
4225:
4223:
4222:Cleopatra III
4220:
4218:
4215:
4213:
4210:
4208:
4205:
4203:
4200:
4198:
4195:
4193:
4190:
4188:
4185:
4183:
4180:
4178:
4175:
4173:
4170:
4168:
4165:
4163:
4160:
4158:
4155:
4154:
4152:
4150:
4146:
4140:
4137:
4135:
4132:
4130:
4127:
4126:
4124:
4122:
4118:
4115:
4107:
4103:
4093:
4090:
4088:
4085:
4083:
4080:
4078:
4075:
4074:
4072:
4070:
4066:
4060:
4057:
4055:
4052:
4050:
4047:
4046:
4044:
4042:
4038:
4032:
4031:
4027:
4025:
4024:Nepherites II
4022:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4006:
4004:
4002:
3998:
3992:
3989:
3988:
3986:
3984:
3980:
3974:
3971:
3969:
3966:
3964:
3961:
3959:
3958:
3954:
3952:
3949:
3947:
3944:
3942:
3939:
3938:
3936:
3934:
3930:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3888:
3884:
3882:
3879:
3877:
3876:
3872:
3871:
3869:
3867:
3863:
3860:
3852:
3848:
3838:
3835:
3830:
3827:
3826:
3824:
3823:
3821:
3815:
3812:
3806:
3802:
3793:
3789:
3784:
3780:
3762:
3759:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3749:
3747:
3744:
3742:
3739:
3738:
3736:
3734:
3730:
3724:
3721:
3719:
3716:
3715:
3713:
3711:
3707:
3701:
3698:
3696:
3695:
3691:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3668:
3664:
3662:
3659:
3657:
3654:
3652:
3649:
3648:
3646:
3644:
3640:
3634:
3631:
3629:
3628:
3624:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3609:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3591:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3571:
3569:
3567:
3563:
3557:
3556:
3555:Psusennes III
3552:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3519:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3509:
3507:
3505:
3501:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3482:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3461:
3459:
3457:
3453:
3450:
3446:(1069–664 BC)
3442:
3438:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3412:Ramesses VIII
3410:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3390:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3379:
3377:
3375:
3371:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3326:
3324:
3322:
3318:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3294:
3292:
3289:
3287:
3284:
3282:
3281:Amenhotep III
3279:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3238:
3236:
3234:
3230:
3227:
3219:
3215:
3204:
3201:
3196:
3190:
3189:
3186:
3180:
3177:
3171:
3167:
3158:
3154:
3149:
3145:
3127:
3124:
3122:
3121:Seqenenre Tao
3119:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3096:Sobekemsaf II
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3086:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3076:
3074:
3072:
3068:
3062:
3061:
3057:
3055:
3054:
3050:
3048:
3047:
3046:Wepwawetemsaf
3043:
3041:
3040:
3036:
3035:
3033:
3031:
3027:
3021:
3020:
3016:
3014:
3013:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2954:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2944:
2943:
2941:
2939:
2935:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2918:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2901:
2897:
2895:
2894:
2890:
2888:
2887:
2883:
2881:
2880:
2876:
2875:
2873:
2871:
2867:
2861:
2860:
2856:
2854:
2853:
2849:
2847:
2846:
2842:
2840:
2839:
2835:
2833:
2832:
2828:
2826:
2825:
2821:
2819:
2818:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2802:
2799:
2797:
2794:
2792:
2789:
2787:
2784:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2756:
2752:
2750:
2749:
2745:
2743:
2742:
2738:
2736:
2735:
2731:
2729:
2728:
2724:
2723:
2721:
2719:
2715:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2653:Merneferre Ay
2651:
2649:
2648:Wahibre Ibiau
2646:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2633:Sobekhotep IV
2631:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2593:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2496:
2492:
2491:
2489:
2487:
2483:
2480:
2472:
2468:
2458:
2457:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2440:Amenemhat III
2438:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2412:
2410:
2408:
2404:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2384:
2382:
2378:
2372:
2371:Mentuhotep IV
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2361:Mentuhotep II
2359:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2338:
2336:
2334:
2330:
2327:
2319:
2315:
2305:
2302:
2297:
2294:
2293:
2291:
2290:
2288:
2282:
2279:
2273:
2269:
2260:
2256:
2251:
2247:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2223:Wahkare Khety
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2210:
2208:
2206:
2202:
2196:
2195:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2178:Neferkare VII
2176:
2174:
2171:
2170:
2168:
2166:
2162:
2156:
2155:
2151:
2149:
2148:
2144:
2142:
2141:
2137:
2135:
2134:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2049:
2047:
2045:
2041:
2037:
2034:
2026:
2022:
2012:
2011:
2007:
2005:
2004:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1964:
1962:
1960:
1956:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1906:
1904:
1902:
1898:
1892:
1891:
1887:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1874:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1858:
1855:
1853:
1850:
1849:
1847:
1845:
1841:
1835:
1832:
1830:
1829:
1825:
1823:
1822:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1810:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1791:
1790:
1788:
1786:
1782:
1779:
1771:
1767:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1751:
1747:
1745:
1744:
1740:
1738:
1737:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1725:Seth-Peribsen
1723:
1721:
1720:
1716:
1714:
1713:
1709:
1707:
1706:
1702:
1700:
1699:
1695:
1693:
1692:
1688:
1686:
1685:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1668:Hotepsekhemwy
1666:
1665:
1663:
1661:
1657:
1651:
1650:
1646:
1644:
1643:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1614:
1612:
1609:
1607:
1604:
1602:
1598:
1595:
1594:
1592:
1590:
1586:
1583:
1575:
1571:
1561:
1557:
1554:
1552:
1551:
1547:
1545:
1542:
1540:
1537:
1535:
1534:
1530:
1528:
1527:
1523:
1521:
1520:
1516:
1514:
1513:
1509:
1507:
1506:
1502:
1500:
1499:
1495:
1493:
1492:
1488:
1486:
1485:
1481:
1480:
1478:
1476:
1472:
1466:
1465:
1461:
1459:
1458:Double Falcon
1456:
1454:
1453:
1449:
1447:
1446:
1442:
1440:
1439:
1435:
1433:
1432:
1428:
1426:
1425:
1421:
1419:
1418:
1414:
1412:
1411:
1407:
1405:
1404:
1400:
1398:
1397:
1393:
1391:
1390:
1386:
1384:
1383:
1379:
1377:
1376:
1372:
1370:
1369:
1365:
1364:
1362:
1360:
1356:
1353:
1349:(pre-3150 BC)
1345:
1344:Protodynastic
1341:
1331:
1328:
1323:
1320:
1319:
1317:
1316:
1314:
1308:
1305:
1299:
1295:
1286:
1282:
1281:Protodynastic
1277:
1273:
1269:
1262:
1257:
1255:
1250:
1248:
1243:
1242:
1239:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1218:
1209:
1206:
1202:
1199:
1195:
1192:
1188:
1185:
1181:
1180:
1170:
1168:
1167:Milan Papyrus
1162:
1152:
1148:
1143:
1139:
1134:
1130:
1124:
1120:
1119:
1113:
1109:
1104:
1100:
1095:
1094:
1082:
1075:
1068:
1063:
1056:
1051:
1049:
1040:
1036:
1035:
1030:
1023:
1016:
1011:
1004:
999:
992:
987:
981:, p. 85.
980:
975:
968:
963:
955:
949:
945:
944:
936:
929:
924:
917:
912:
906:, p. 66.
905:
900:
893:
888:
882:, p. 38.
881:
876:
869:
868:Bengtson 1977
864:
862:
860:
852:
847:
841:, p. 31.
840:
835:
828:
823:
821:
814:, p. 17.
813:
808:
802:, p. 16.
801:
796:
789:
784:
777:
772:
764:
762:9781627343589
758:
754:
753:
745:
737:
733:
726:
722:
713:
710:
709:
703:
701:
697:
686:
683:
680:
678:
675:
674:
670:
667:
664:
662:
659:
658:
654:
650:
647:
644:
642:
639:
638:
634:
631:
628:
625:
624:
621:
613:
609:
607:
604:
600:
596:
592:
588:
584:
579:
574:
569:
567:
563:
559:
555:
551:
542:
536:
532:
527:
518:
516:
515:Olympic Games
512:
511:chariot races
508:
505:According to
503:
501:
497:
491:
485:
480:
478:
465:
461:
457:
456:Gonzaga Cameo
452:
448:
446:
440:
438:
429:
425:
421:
416:
412:
408:
406:
402:
398:
388:
378:
376:
371:
369:
364:
362:
358:
354:
344:
342:
338:
334:
329:
327:
323:
309:
300:
298:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
270:
268:
264:
263:ancient Egypt
260:
256:
244:
240:
232:
229:
225:
222:
219:
215:
212:
209:
207:
203:
200:
196:
192:
189:
187:
183:
180:
176:
172:
169:
165:
157:
153:
149:
145:
141:
137:
131:
127:
123:
120:
115:
111:
105:
101:
97:
94:
89:
86:
83:
79:
75:
72:
68:
64:
61:
57:
53:
49:
46:
43:Queen of the
41:
37:
32:
27:
22:
7482:
7463:
7447:Roman period
7427:Stadion race
7169:
6933:Hellanodikai
6711:Cleopatra VI
6709:
6690:Berenice III
6675:Cleopatra IV
6655:Cleopatra II
6614:
6577:Parysatis II
6426:(664–332 BC)
6405:
6330:Atakhebasken
6244:Tadibast III
6219:Tashedkhonsu
6131:
6122:Tawerettenru
6092:Tiy-Merenese
6071:
5971:
5957:Ankhesenamun
5944:
5777:
5508:
5471:
5459:
5358:
5280:
5241:Meritites IV
5198:Nimaathap II
5178:Meresankh IV
5153:Khentkaus II
5143:Neferhetepes
5105:Hekenuhedjet
5080:Meresankh II
5060:Hetepheres I
5029:
4980:
4920:
4872:
4621:
4614:
4607:
4595:
4588:
4581:
4574:
4567:
4560:
4553:
4546:
4534:
4527:
4510:
4503:
4496:
4489:
4482:
4475:
4468:
4461:
4429:
4422:
4408:Lucius Verus
4365:
4266:
4242:Berenice III
4232:Cleopatra IV
4207:Cleopatra II
4166:
4139:Alexander IV
4059:Nectanebo II
4028:
4009:Nepherites I
3968:Artaxerxes I
3955:
3885:
3873:
3856:(664–332 BC)
3836:
3792:Roman Period
3694:Shoshenq VII
3692:
3665:
3625:
3606:Shoshenq III
3588:
3553:
3516:
3494:Psusennes II
3407:Ramesses VII
3387:Ramesses III
3271:Amenhotep II
3266:Thutmose III
3202:
3091:Sobekemsaf I
3083:
3058:
3051:
3044:
3037:
3017:
3010:
2915:
2898:
2893:'Aper-'Anati
2891:
2884:
2877:
2857:
2850:
2843:
2836:
2829:
2822:
2815:
2801:Sekheperenre
2753:
2746:
2739:
2732:
2725:
2623:Neferhotep I
2613:Seth Meribre
2590:
2576:Djedkheperew
2493:
2454:
2445:Amenemhat IV
2435:Senusret III
2425:Amenemhat II
2341:Mentuhotep I
2303:
2192:
2152:
2145:
2138:
2131:
2057:Neferkare II
2008:
2001:
1934:Nyuserre Ini
1888:
1871:
1826:
1819:
1807:
1748:
1743:Neferkasokar
1741:
1734:
1717:
1710:
1703:
1696:
1689:
1682:
1647:
1640:
1548:
1531:
1524:
1517:
1510:
1503:
1496:
1491:Finger Snail
1489:
1482:
1462:
1450:
1443:
1436:
1429:
1422:
1415:
1408:
1401:
1394:
1387:
1380:
1373:
1366:
1329:
1207:
1204:
1197:
1196:M. Nilsson,
1190:
1183:
1165:
1164:Posidippus.
1154:. Retrieved
1150:
1137:
1117:
1107:
1098:
1091:Bibliography
1080:
1074:
1062:
1038:
1032:
1022:
1010:
998:
986:
974:
962:
942:
935:
923:
911:
899:
887:
875:
851:Billows 1995
846:
834:
807:
795:
788:Lorenzi 2010
783:
771:
751:
744:
735:
732:"Arsinoe II"
725:
692:
619:
610:
570:
554:Mendes stele
547:
504:
492:
481:
474:
441:
433:
419:
411:Dardanians.
409:
384:
372:
365:
350:
330:
319:
271:
238:
237:
6996:Horse races
6722:Berenice IV
6700:Cleopatra V
6635:Arsinoe III
6625:Berenice II
6572:Stateira II
6549:(332–30 BC)
6544:Hellenistic
6362:Late Period
6315:Tabekenamun
6262:Karomama II
6133:Baketwernel
6112:Duatentopet
6073:Anuketemheb
5793:New Kingdom
5734:New Kingdom
5526:Sobekneferu
5504:Neferthenut
5402:Neferukayet
5246:Inenek-Inti
5138:Khentkaus I
5065:Meritites I
5042:Meresankh I
5037:Djefatnebti
5002:Old Kingdom
4512:Gordian III
4457:Diadumenian
4257:Cleopatra V
4111:(332–30 BC)
4106:Hellenistic
4049:Nectanebo I
3941:Cambyses II
3923:Psamtik III
3881:Tefnakht II
3683:Takelot III
3678:Osorkon III
3673:Shoshenq VI
3627:Pedubast II
3611:Shoshenq IV
3584:Shoshenq II
3549:Pinedjem II
3539:Menkheperre
3474:Psusennes I
3427:Ramesses XI
3417:Ramesses IX
3402:Ramesses VI
3392:Ramesses IV
3339:Ramesses II
3301:Tutankhamun
3276:Thutmose IV
3256:Thutmose II
3246:Amenhotep I
3218:New Kingdom
3153:New Kingdom
3012:Senusret IV
2996:Dedumose II
2971:Nebiriau II
2966:Nebiryraw I
2961:Mentuhotepi
2766:Khakherewre
2693:Merkheperre
2603:Imyremeshaw
2586:Sedjefakare
2541:Sehetepibre
2516:Ameny Qemau
2450:Sobekneferu
2430:Senusret II
2415:Amenemhat I
2397:Iyibkhentre
2127:Neferirkare
2122:Neferkauhor
1929:Shepseskare
1770:Old Kingdom
1756:Khasekhemwy
1736:Neferkara I
1705:Weneg-Nebty
1550:Scorpion II
1101:. C.H.Beck.
1015:Carney 2013
991:Carney 2013
979:Carney 2013
967:Carney 2013
928:Carney 2013
916:Carney 2013
904:Carney 2013
892:Carney 2013
880:Carney 2013
839:Carney 2013
827:Carney 2013
812:Carney 2013
800:Carney 2013
776:Carney 2013
700:Ptolemy III
599:cornucopiae
585:in Cyprus,
521:Deification
484:Koinē Greek
392:Κασσάνδρεια
387:Cassandreia
243:Koinē Greek
74:Berenice II
59:Predecessor
7500:Categories
7255:Euryleonis
7185:Bilistiche
7170:Arsinoe II
7100:Pentathlon
7074:Pankration
7048:Tethrippon
6964:Foot races
6742:Arsinoe IV
6615:Arsinoe II
6605:Berenice I
6530:Stateira I
6239:Karomama I
6209:Penreshnes
6181:Mutnedjmet
6127:Nubkhesbed
6012:Isetnofret
6002:Tanedjemet
5973:Nebetnehat
5967:Mutnedjmet
5846:Hatshepsut
5707:Ahhotep II
5702:Sitdjehuti
5677:Sobekemsaf
5654:Mentuhotep
5578:Senebhenas
5573:Nubhetepti
5510:Meretseger
5467:Neferu III
5148:Meretnebty
4948:Seshemetka
4933:Nakhtneith
4911:Neithhotep
4629:Diocletian
4583:Quintillus
4536:Aemilianus
4491:Gordian II
4463:Elagabalus
4284:Arsinoe IV
4167:Arsinoe II
4092:Darius III
4019:Psammuthes
3908:Psamtik II
3723:Bakenranef
3661:Pedubast I
3656:Takelot II
3651:Harsiese A
3633:Osorkon IV
3621:Shoshenq V
3601:Osorkon II
3574:Shoshenq I
3544:Smendes II
3524:Pinedjem I
3469:Amenemnisu
3422:Ramesses X
3397:Ramesses V
3349:Amenmesses
3329:Ramesses I
3291:Smenkhkare
3261:Hatshepsut
3251:Thutmose I
3001:Montuemsaf
2991:Dedumose I
2791:Nebdjefare
2781:Merdjefare
2551:Nedjemibre
2546:Sewadjkare
2420:Senusret I
2392:Qakare Ini
2213:Meryhathor
2117:Neferkaure
2112:Qakare Iby
2097:Neferkahor
2082:Neferkamin
1890:Thamphthis
1884:Shepseskaf
1798:Sekhemkhet
1649:Horus Bird
1526:Scorpion I
1231:Arsinoe II
1156:2010-12-05
1055:Holbl 2001
1041:: 139–150.
1003:Posidippus
718:References
661:Lysimachus
573:Canephorus
535:cornucopia
507:Posidippus
488:Φιλάδελφοι
368:Agathocles
357:Lysimachus
337:Alexandria
316:Early life
286:Lysimachus
239:Arsinoë II
171:Lysimachus
130:Lysimachus
104:Lysimachus
7225:Damarchus
7079:Wrestling
7013:Decapolon
6863:Ptolemaic
6610:Arsinoe I
6592:Ptolemaic
6512:Parysatis
6492:Artystone
6459:Tentkheta
6406:uncertain
6117:Henutwati
6037:Nebettawy
6032:Bintanath
6027:Meritamen
6017:Henutmire
6007:Nefertari
5940:Meritaten
5935:Nefertiti
5926:Tadukhipa
5911:Gilukhipa
5901:Mutemwiya
5891:Nefertari
5841:Mutnofret
5778:uncertain
5692:Ahhotep I
5687:Tetisheri
5489:Nofret II
5417:Neferu II
5359:uncertain
5251:Nedjeftet
5173:Nebunebty
5075:Khentetka
4988:Nimaathap
4873:uncertain
4761:Ptolemaic
4569:Gallienus
4484:Gordian I
4447:Caracalla
4373:Vespasian
4367:Vitellius
4149:Ptolemaic
3991:Amyrtaeus
3973:Darius II
3918:Ahmose II
3898:Psamtik I
3837:uncertain
3825:Pharaohs
3761:Tanutamun
3596:Takelot I
3579:Osorkon I
3529:Masaharta
3479:Amenemope
3382:Setnakhte
3344:Merneptah
3286:Akhenaten
3203:uncertain
3085:Nebmaatre
2906:Sakir-Har
2859:Yaqub-Har
2771:Nebefawre
2521:Hotepibre
2387:Segerseni
2356:Intef III
2304:uncertain
2292:Pharaohs
1924:Neferefre
1750:Hudjefa I
1631:Semerkhet
1368:Hedju Hor
1330:uncertain
1318:Pharaohs
696:Arsinoe I
653:Telmessus
606:Oenochoae
477:Arsinoe I
282:Macedonia
211:Ptolemaic
81:Co-regent
70:Successor
63:Arsinoe I
7484:Category
7290:Leophron
6977:Dolichos
6828:21 to 23
6600:Eurydice
6507:Damaspia
6502:Amestris
6335:Malaqaye
6325:Naparaye
6300:Peksater
6280:Pebatjma
6214:Maatkare
6204:Karomama
6186:Karimala
6176:Tentamun
6139:Tentamun
5682:Haankhes
5672:Nubemhat
5618:Satsobek
5603:Nubkhaes
5588:Senebsen
5427:Henhenet
5397:Neferu I
5282:Nitocris
5266:Udjebten
5236:Nubwenet
5221:Khuit II
5183:Setibhor
5163:Reptynub
5115:Rekhetre
5100:Persenet
5070:Henutsen
4958:Serethor
4943:Merneith
4928:Herneith
4922:Khenthap
4721:21 to 23
4639:Galerius
4634:Maximian
4623:Numerian
4590:Aurelian
4542:Valerian
4505:Balbinus
4498:Pupienus
4452:Macrinus
4424:Pertinax
4418:Commodus
4383:Domitian
4346:Claudius
4341:Caligula
4336:Tiberius
4331:Augustus
3951:Darius I
3903:Necho II
3746:Shebitku
3718:Tefnakht
3311:Horemheb
3241:Ahmose I
3053:Pantjeny
3039:Senebkay
3019:Pepi III
2981:Bebiankh
2838:Shenshek
2796:Nebsenre
2628:Sihathor
2598:Khendjer
2561:Renseneb
2506:Nerikare
2351:Intef II
2228:Merykare
2133:Wadjkare
2077:Merenhor
1972:Userkare
1879:Menkaure
1873:Bikheris
1862:Djedefre
1828:Qahedjet
1712:Wadjenes
1698:Horus Sa
1691:Nubnefer
1678:Nynetjer
1642:Sneferka
1382:Ni-Neith
1268:Pharaohs
1151:NBC News
1110:. Brill.
1069:27.2465.
706:See also
665:297/6 BC
645:299/8 BC
428:siblings
405:Anatolia
278:Anatolia
7113:Winners
7088:Special
7038:Synoris
6987:Stadion
6972:Diaulos
6916:General
6454:Takhuit
6400:Pharaoh
6392:Dynasty
6310:Qalhata
6057:Twosret
6042:Merytre
5916:Sitamun
5881:Nebsemi
5772:Pharaoh
5764:Dynasty
5494:Khenmet
5473:Keminub
5422:Ashayet
5353:Pharaoh
5345:Dynasty
5261:Iput II
5168:Khuit I
5120:Bunefer
4963:Betrest
4938:Penebui
4916:Benerib
4867:Pharaoh
4859:Dynasty
4616:Carinus
4597:Tacitus
4555:Quietus
4398:Hadrian
4082:Khabash
3913:Wahibre
3893:Necho I
3887:Nekauba
3875:Ammeris
3818:Dynasty
3756:Taharqa
3751:Shabaka
3688:Rudamun
3667:Iuput I
3512:Herihor
3464:Smendes
3364:Twosret
3354:Seti II
3198:female)
3183:Dynasty
3079:Rahotep
2976:Semenre
2946:Djehuti
2928:Khamudi
2917:Yanassi
2900:Salitis
2852:Yakareb
2845:Khamure
2776:Sehebre
2698:Merkare
2346:Intef I
2285:Dynasty
2194:Imhotep
2154:Iytjenu
2140:Khuiqer
2052:Menkare
2003:Neferka
1987:Pepi II
1909:Userkaf
1803:Sanakht
1626:Anedjib
1606:Hor-Aha
1539:Iry-Hor
1533:Shendjw
1505:Pen-Abu
1389:Hat-Hor
1311:Dynasty
641:Ptolemy
603:faience
589:in the
558:Memphis
513:at the
458:in the
426:of the
422:means "
420:ΑΔΕΛΦΩΝ
333:Memphis
294:Pharaoh
247:Ἀρσινόη
206:Dynasty
119:Macedon
7069:Boxing
7062:Combat
6956:Sports
6567:Roxana
6559:Argead
6497:Parmys
6487:Atossa
6469:Ladice
6383:Period
6295:Khensa
6285:Tabiry
6052:Takhat
5861:Satiah
5836:Ahmose
5755:Period
5613:Abetni
5568:Nofret
5442:Kemsit
5336:Period
5216:Iput I
5193:Khenut
4850:Period
4756:Argead
4603:Probus
4523:Decius
4518:Philip
4393:Trajan
4121:Argead
4030:Muthis
3983:XXVIII
3963:Xerxes
3831:female
3809:Period
3518:Piankh
3489:Siamun
3359:Siptah
3334:Seti I
3174:Period
3126:Kamose
3060:Snaaib
3030:Abydos
2886:Semqen
2879:Sharek
2831:Sheneh
2811:'Apepi
2806:Bebnum
2761:Nehesy
2581:Sebkay
2501:Sonbef
2298:female
2276:Period
2087:Nikare
1977:Pepi I
1914:Sahure
1867:Khafre
1852:Snefru
1821:Sedjes
1793:Djoser
1719:Senedj
1597:Narmer
1556:Narmer
1438:Wazner
1403:Hsekiu
1375:Ny-Hor
1324:female
1302:Period
1125:
1067:P. Oxy
950:
759:
684:279 BC
681:294 BC
677:Philip
668:279 BC
635:Notes
593:, and
583:Citium
562:Fayyum
550:Mendes
361:Philip
359:, and
280:, and
274:Thrace
227:Mother
217:Father
167:Spouse
150:316 BC
125:Tenure
99:Tenure
93:Thrace
7033:Polos
7023:Keles
7018:Kalpe
7003:Apene
6479:XXVII
6254:XXIII
6234:Kapes
5992:Sitre
5896:Iaret
5871:Nebtu
5808:XVIII
5598:Ineni
5479:Senet
5437:Kawit
5432:Sadeh
5256:Neith
5188:Nebet
4982:Menka
4953:Semat
4609:Carus
4388:Nerva
4378:Titus
4356:Galba
4323:XXXIV
4308:Roman
4087:Arses
4014:Hakor
3933:XXVII
3643:XXIII
3233:XVIII
3193:(male
2923:Apepi
2911:Khyan
2824:Wazad
2592:Wegaf
2526:Iufni
2380:Nubia
2188:Setut
2010:Nefer
1857:Khufu
1815:Khaba
1809:Nebka
1673:Nebra
1601:Menes
1560:Menes
1512:Stork
1475:Upper
1431:Neheb
1424:Thesh
1410:Khayu
1359:Lower
632:Death
629:Birth
595:Thera
587:Delos
186:Issue
51:Reign
6522:XXXI
6436:XXVI
6421:Late
6364:and
6305:Arty
6290:Abar
6196:XXII
6107:Tiye
6102:Tyti
6067:Tiaa
5997:Tuya
5930:Kiya
5921:Iset
5906:Tiye
5886:Tiaa
5856:Iset
5736:and
5664:XVII
5636:Tati
5593:Tjan
5583:Neni
5560:XIII
5317:and
4442:Geta
4361:Otho
4351:Nero
4069:XXXI
4054:Teos
4001:XXIX
3866:XXVI
3851:Late
3828:male
3788:Late
3741:Piye
3710:XXIV
3616:Pami
3566:XXII
3155:and
3071:XVII
2817:Nuya
2486:XIII
2295:male
2257:and
2147:Khui
2044:VIII
1967:Teti
1949:Unas
1834:Huni
1636:Qa'a
1616:Djet
1611:Djer
1519:Bull
1498:Fish
1464:Wash
1445:Mekh
1321:male
1123:ISBN
948:ISBN
757:ISBN
626:Name
454:The
424:coin
303:Life
155:Died
147:Born
6272:XXV
6168:XXI
5984:XIX
5962:Tey
5646:XVI
5628:XIV
5608:Aya
5516:Aat
5452:XII
5412:Tem
5407:Iah
5017:III
4831:to
4041:XXX
3790:to
3733:XXV
3456:XXI
3321:XIX
2938:XVI
2718:XIV
2566:Hor
2407:XII
2040:VII
1785:III
1621:Den
1417:Tiu
1283:to
1039:174
261:of
162:47)
7502::
6858:31
6853:30
6848:27
6843:26
6838:25
6833:24
6823:20
6818:19
6813:18
6808:12
6803:11
6084:XX
5928:/
5389:XI
5208:VI
5052:IV
4973:II
4751:31
4746:30
4741:27
4736:26
4731:25
4726:24
4716:20
4711:19
4706:18
4701:12
4696:11
3374:XX
3306:Ay
2870:XV
2333:XI
2165:IX
1959:VI
1844:IV
1684:Ba
1660:II
1599:/
1558:/
1544:Ka
1396:Pu
1208:17
1149:.
1047:^
1037:.
1031:.
858:^
819:^
734:.
502:.
486::
462:,
447:.
439:.
430:".
363:.
355:,
328:.
299:.
276:,
251:c.
249:,
245::
160:c.
6901:e
6894:t
6887:v
6798:4
6793:3
6788:2
6783:1
5130:V
4903:I
4808:e
4801:t
4794:v
4691:4
4687:3
4684:2
4680:1
2205:X
2042:/
1901:V
1589:I
1484:A
1452:A
1260:e
1253:t
1246:v
1171:.
1159:.
1131:.
956:.
829:.
790:.
765:.
738:.
389:(
241:(
138:)
132:)
112:)
106:)
23:.
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