40:
894:
145:
837:
1099:, the new Nawab, "for the entire possession of the saltpetre trade at Patna", which he promised to use in assistance to the Company in procuring salt at the cheapest rate, provided they "assisted him in return to make the Dutch purchase from him". The Company took over his saltpetre empire in 1758, which grew to generate an annual revenue of Rs. 1 million in 1773. In 1759, he was captured and jailed by the Company, where he poisoned himself. After his death, Khoajah Petruse Aratoon took over as leader of the Armenian community in Bengal.
856:
734:
1986:
1850:
906:
JG Nicholas Pogose, GC Paneati, J Stephan, JT Lucas and W Harney. Alongside members of the major merchant families, Margar David, Mackertich
Abraham George, Michael Sarkies, Abraham Lucas, M Highcazony, A S Mackertich, Tigran Nahapiet, Thaddeus Nahapiet, M.J. Catchhatoor, Joseph Lazarus, and M David were other prominent Armenians of Dhaka.
770:. Prominent Armenian jute merchants had their own companies, like Messrs Sarkies & Sons, Messrs David & Co. and others. But gradually the jute business was monopolised by the more powerful and better-organised British firms. Besides these, they also did businesses of saltpeter, salt, and betel nut.
905:
Armenian influence in the commercial life of Dhaka was led by the
Pogoses, Agacy, Michael, Stephen, Joakim, Sarkies, Arathon (also spelled as Aratun), Coja (also spelled Khojah or Koja) and Manook (also spelled as Manuk) families. By 1868, five of the six European zamindars in Dhaka were Armenians -
706:, before moving to Armanitola. Between 1833 and 1918, at the height of Armenian presence, the records of Armanian Church in Dhaka list over 200 deaths, as well as over 250 baptisms and over 50 marriages. Apart from Dhaka there was a significant Armenian presence in Saidabad (a suburb of the capital
746:
The
Armenian community of Dhaka were initially engaged in export trade paying a duty of 3.5% to the government. Dhaka was the hub of fine textiles at that time, a fact that attracted Persians and Armenians to settle business there. In an estimate of the textile export from Dhaka (which was a major
876:
After moving to
Armanitola, Armenian settlers built a small chapel in the midst of their community graveyard. By the end of the 18th century, the Armenian community had grown considerably, and the chapel was found inadequate for the needs of the community. It was then replaced by the Holy
795:
inside
Bangabhaban, bearing the name of the original owner's family. Armenians introduced Ticca-Garry (horse-carriage) in Dhaka and it became a popular transport of Dhaka. They also set up western-style department stores in Dhaka. The stores mostly sold European and British goods.
868:
Prior to building the church at
Armanitola (popularly known as the Armani Church) they worshiped at a small chapel in the same area, while deceased members of the community were interred at the Roman Catholic Church at
629:
There is no exact record of when the
Armenians first came to Dhaka. Some historians suggest that they came in Bengal in the early 17th century as a part of the migration of Armenians from Persia. After
660:
first came to Bengal from
Isfahan and New Julfa in the wake of Persian adventurers, eventually establishing their own trading community. They were recognized as a distinct trading community by the
909:
Dhaka was not the only center of
Armenian influence in the region, and there were Armenians who rose to prominence for all of Bengal. There is an Armanitola in Kolkata, and an Armanighat as well.
873:, which was five miles from Dhaka at the time. Some of the Armenian tombstones there date back to 1714 to 1794. The oldest tombstone is “Avetis”, an Armenian merchant who died on 15 August 1714.
773:
The
Armenian community in Armanitola was small but rich. Some wealthy Armenians used to reside in European-style bungalows. was one such bungalow that was quite popular. Parts of the gardens of
621:
Their presence, however, began to decline from the beginning of British rule. Michael Joseph Martin (Mikel Housep Martirossian), reported to be the last Armenian in Dhaka, died on 9 May 2020.
983:
trade (one of the most important commodities in the export list of the European companies) since 1753, this Armenian merchant conducted most of the negotiations between the Company and Nawab
747:
textile production center in Bengal), the Armenian share was said to have been 27% in 1747. In the silk market, there are indications that the Armenians were dominant buyers, along with
675:
are known to have engaged them to transact their personal businesses openly or clandestinely as well as the European maritime companies, who used them as local representatives and their
1129:
808:
610:, during the early part of the 18th century. The Armenian community played a significant role in Bengali trade and commerce in the 17th and 18th centuries. The
817:, a newspaper of his time, students in his school scored better in examinations than students of other normal schools in Bengal, including the one in Hoogli.
699:
1839:
671:
As Persian was the official language of the Mughal court, the Persian-speaking Armenians could easily settle themselves down in the Mughal Empire. The
1517:
2576:
1688:
953:
2213:
1930:
1008:
703:
2566:
2220:
1832:
17:
2571:
1807:
2551:
2418:
2536:
1732:
Armenian merchant, Khwaja Phanoos Kalandar, who in 1688 negotiated a treaty, on behalf of Armenians, with the English East.
1302:
2012:
1276:
574:
2546:
1825:
1152:
614:
established by the community in 1781, along with the adjacent cemetery, is a major landmark and tourist attraction of
1967:
1897:
1526:
1490:
1405:
1173:
1147:
1011:. Son of Khojah Mahmet Fazel, an influential Armenian merchant in the mid 18th century, he obtained footholds in the
1974:
1802:
664:
government since late 17th century. It is not known when they came to Dhaka, then one of the commercial centres in
1812:
1216:
2355:
2271:
1923:
1876:
1872:
1817:
2561:
2121:
1958:
1951:
1659:
1632:
1605:
1578:
1551:
1387:
1192:
316:
1128:
Popularly known as Nicky Pogose, he was a zamindar, a merchant, a partner of the first bank in Bangladesh -
2365:
2320:
2315:
1985:
1882:
1774:
Khwaja Israel Sarhad was an eminent Armenian merchant of Bengal during the late 17th & 18th centuries.
1866:
548:
428:
423:
1231:
1916:
920:
544:
2556:
2541:
2138:
1791:
1337:
467:
455:
414:
98:
39:
1115:
as the chief of the artillery and the Nwab's principal serviceman. An assassin killed him after the
2434:
2350:
419:
2515:
2439:
2068:
2017:
2002:
1862:
843:
567:
499:
481:
350:
274:
1040:
pointed out that Wajid wanted to be on good terms with everybody. He owned at least six ships -
691:
and Armenian merchants. This trend was followed by his nephew and the first Nawab of the family
2478:
2454:
2126:
1427:
893:
826:
611:
475:
345:
321:
144:
885:
was added and the floor of the church was decorated with marble, and electric lights in 1910.
881:
on the west of the church was added in 1837. The tower fell down in the earthquake of 1897. A
2494:
2473:
2460:
2261:
2095:
2028:
1892:
1887:
1033:
204:
161:
114:
2510:
2468:
2403:
2330:
2300:
2281:
2256:
2251:
2162:
2143:
2133:
2102:
2089:
1375:
1180:
1107:
Popularly known as Gurgin Khan, he was a brother of Khojah Petruse and a minister to Nawab
836:
442:
302:
297:
270:
118:
1620:
1258:
1019:
for his community in 1740s and eventually rose to be a member of the Nawab's inner-circle.
799:
They also played a major role as patrons of education and urban development in Dhaka. The
8:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2345:
2335:
2325:
2286:
2276:
2235:
2192:
2168:
2148:
2022:
1647:
1566:
657:
599:. Their numbers have gradually diminished and there are now no Armenians in the country.
405:
340:
326:
311:
306:
288:
283:
279:
246:
241:
229:
219:
184:
1593:
1470:
923:
for using English ships for trade by himself and other members of his community in 1688.
2449:
2444:
2413:
2408:
2373:
2340:
2310:
2305:
2207:
2197:
2187:
1765:
1723:
1682:
1142:
684:
668:. On the evidence of dates on tombstones the time is assumed to be early 18th century.
560:
526:
355:
335:
293:
255:
251:
194:
152:
110:
2383:
2378:
2266:
2202:
2074:
1939:
1757:
1715:
1522:
1449:
1169:
1088:
980:
680:
521:
505:
451:
331:
260:
236:
82:
1539:
2042:
2006:
692:
539:
535:
486:
223:
189:
170:
86:
1847:
932:
A nephew of Khwaja Phanoos, he helped the English to secure the Company's Kolkata
766:
They were also prominent in the jute trade. Most of Armenians were engaged in the
490:
2049:
1220:
1123:
1116:
984:
898:
804:
748:
646:
deported about 40,000 Armenian traders specialized in inter-Euroasiatic trade to
635:
265:
1111:
as well as the Commander-in-Chief of his army. He is cited by Gholam Hossein in
733:
1012:
988:
855:
711:
672:
530:
494:
371:
180:
175:
166:
1494:
2530:
2227:
1761:
1719:
1651:
1624:
1597:
1570:
1543:
1379:
1184:
1025:
967:
948:
940:
870:
813:
800:
661:
471:
1704:"Armenians in the Trade of the Mughal Empire During the Seventeenth Century"
877:
Resurrection Church, completed in 1781 and consecrated by Bishop Ephreim. A
2081:
1453:
1081:
1069:
1029:
979:
The most notable Armenian in Bengal. A monopolist in the highly profitable
778:
643:
460:
396:
2154:
1037:
974:
782:
707:
381:
376:
1769:
1745:
1727:
1703:
1303:"After 'Last Armenian Of Bangladesh' Dies, The Church He Saved Lives On"
1132:- and one of nine commissioners of Dhaka Municipality (1874–1875).
1213:
878:
847:
767:
727:
607:
596:
386:
69:
1108:
1096:
947:(spokesperson) of the Company's Surman Embassy to the Mughal Emperor
933:
882:
651:
615:
592:
135:
1908:
2292:
919:
The earliest noted Armenian who entered into an agreement with the
787:
719:
639:
433:
391:
957:(decree) of 1717 granting extraordinary privileges to the Company.
2035:
937:
807:, a merchant and a zamindar. P Arathon was the headmaster of the
774:
760:
737:
The Armenian Community Dhaka celebrating Armenian Christmas, 1952
715:
647:
631:
214:
1065:
992:
688:
665:
1518:
Armenians in India, from the Earliest Times to the Present Day
1077:
1073:
964:
752:
723:
603:
65:
756:
803:, the first private school in the country, was founded by
785:(the presidential residence) stands belonged to Armenian
781:(another major landmark in old Dhaka) and the land where
44:
Statue inside the Holy Resurrection Church of Armanitola
1746:"Khwaja Israel Sarhad: Armenian Merchant and Diplomat"
1374:
Ali, Ansar; Chaudhury, Sushil; Islam, Sirajul (2012).
1179:
Ali, Ansar; Chaudhury, Sushil; Islam, Sirajul (2012).
951:. He was instrumental in realizing the grand imperial
1406:"The Armenian Church of the Holy Resurrection, Dacca"
683:, a merchant prince, laid the foundations for the
612:Armenian Apostolic Church of the Holy Resurrection
1373:
1178:
2528:
1656:Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh
1629:Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh
1602:Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh
1575:Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh
1548:Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh
1384:Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh
1331:
1329:
1327:
1325:
1323:
1277:"End of an era: Bangladesh's last Armenian dies"
1214:HAYK, The Ubiquitous Armenian: Dhaka, Bangladesh
1189:Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh
1024:He had extensive business transactions with the
679:(spokesperson or pleaders) to the royal courts.
1808:Recovering the stories of the Armenians of Asia
1521:, page 575, Asian Educational Services, 1983,
888:
687:by accumulating wealth by doing business with
1924:
1833:
1369:
1367:
1365:
1363:
1361:
1359:
1320:
861:Foundation-plaque of the Church, founded 1781
698:Initially they lived in the neighborhoods of
568:
602:There was a fairly large Armenian colony in
1803:The saga of an Armenian family of Old Dhaka
1931:
1917:
1840:
1826:
1750:Proceedings of the Indian History Congress
1708:Proceedings of the Indian History Congress
1687:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1356:
995:as one of the merchant princes along with
575:
561:
38:
970:, and a leader of the Armenian community.
1465:
1463:
1245:A Statistical Account of Bengal (Vol. 5)
892:
732:
1789:
1537:
1485:
1483:
1443:
1403:
1399:
1397:
1300:
1232:Armeniapedia: Armenian Churches in Asia
991:, he dominated the commercial scene of
741:
606:, concentrated in the neighbourhood of
14:
2577:Bangladeshi people of Armenian descent
2529:
1743:
1701:
1645:
1618:
1448:. Dhaka: SM Perwez. pp. 271–272.
1416:. Translated by Johannes, G.: 221–223.
1259:"The mission of Dhaka's last Armenian"
1247:. London: Truebner and Co. p. 46.
1242:
963:He was court advisor and financier to
1938:
1912:
1821:
1591:
1564:
1460:
1404:Sarkies, S. T. (July–December 1916).
1036:, the chief of the French factory at
1672:
1509:
1480:
1394:
60:Regions with significant populations
1335:
1007:(bankers of the world), as well as
24:
1675:Leaves from a diary in East Bengal
1491:"Indo-Armenian economic relations"
1153:St. Mary Armenian Church, Saidabad
820:
25:
2588:
1783:
1301:Chapple, Amos (26 January 2021).
1148:Armanitola Government High School
1984:
1848:
854:
835:
595:who lived in what is now called
143:
2567:Armenian diaspora in Bangladesh
1813:Armenian heritage in Bangladesh
1737:
1695:
1666:
1639:
1612:
1585:
1558:
1531:
1444:Taifoor, Syed Muhammed (1952).
1437:
1434:, Asiatic Society of Bangladesh
1420:
1307:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty
1032:and the English. At one point,
1790:Morshed, Adnan (9 June 2016).
1294:
1269:
1251:
1236:
1225:
1207:
987:. Conducting his trading from
791:(landlords). There is still a
13:
1:
2572:Armenian diaspora communities
1660:Asiatic Society of Bangladesh
1633:Asiatic Society of Bangladesh
1619:Rahman, S M Mahfuzur (2012).
1606:Asiatic Society of Bangladesh
1579:Asiatic Society of Bangladesh
1552:Asiatic Society of Bangladesh
1388:Asiatic Society of Bangladesh
1200:
1193:Asiatic Society of Bangladesh
2552:Social history of Bangladesh
7:
2537:Ethnic groups in Bangladesh
1744:Husain, Ruquiya K. (2004).
1677:. London. pp. 104–105.
1592:Ahmed, Helal Uddin (2012).
1136:
1064:- traveling from Hoogli to
889:Notable Armenians of Bengal
549:Second Nagorno-Karabakh War
10:
2593:
1982:
1654:; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.).
1600:; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.).
1573:; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.).
1565:Ahmed, Nazimuddin (2012).
1546:; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.).
1538:Alamgir, Mohammad (2012).
1410:Bengal, Past & Present
1382:; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.).
1187:; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.).
1158:
824:
624:
545:First Nagorno-Karabakh War
2547:Immigration to Bangladesh
2503:
2487:
2427:
2364:
2244:
2180:
2114:
2061:
1993:
1946:
1858:
1853:Immigration to Bangladesh
1646:Rahman, Mahbubur (2012).
1627:; Jamal, Ahmed A (eds.).
109:
104:
97:
92:
81:
76:
64:
59:
54:
49:
37:
1968:Population by urban area
1702:Moosvi, Shireen (1998).
1168:, Ananya, Dhaka, 1993,
33:Armenians in Bangladesh
18:Armenians in Bangladesh
1493:. MENQ. Archived from
1166:Smriti Bismritir Dhaka
902:
827:Armenian Church, Dhaka
738:
443:Languages and dialects
2562:Christianity in Dhaka
1952:Population by country
1446:Glimpses of Old Dhaka
1219:7 August 2007 at the
1113:Siyar-ul-Mutakhkherin
1034:Jean Law de Lauriston
961:Coja Petrus Nicholas:
914:Coja Phanoos Kalandar
896:
736:
115:Armenians in Pakistan
105:Related ethnic groups
2419:United Arab Emirates
1792:"Armenians in Dhaka"
1515:Mesrovb Jacob Seth,
1338:"Armenians in Dhaka"
742:Living and lifestyle
119:Armenians in Myanmar
2115:Former Soviet Union
1996:Armenian settlement
1898:Stranded Pakistanis
1658:(Second ed.).
1631:(Second ed.).
1604:(Second ed.).
1577:(Second ed.).
1550:(Second ed.).
1469:Syed Maqsud Jamil,
1386:(Second ed.).
1243:Hunter, WW (1875).
1191:(Second ed.).
943:in 1698, and was a
811:. According to the
751:and merchants from
129:Part of a series on
34:
1994:Historic areas of
1471:Armenians of Dacca
1428:Dhaka Nawab Estate
1265:. 10 January 2013.
1164:Mamoon, Muntasir,
1143:Armenians in India
1015:of the Nawab as a
927:Coja Israel Sarhad
921:East India Company
903:
739:
685:Dhaka Nawab Family
527:Hamidian massacres
415:Armenian Apostolic
111:Armenians in India
99:Armenian Apostolic
32:
2524:
2523:
2463:
2295:
2230:
2223:
2216:
2171:
2157:
2105:
2098:
2084:
2077:
2052:
2045:
2038:
2031:
1940:Armenian diaspora
1906:
1905:
1877:Rohingya refugees
1673:Clay, AL (1898).
1089:Battle of Plassey
1003:known as the two
901:before demolition
681:Khwaja Hafizullah
634:rulers conquered
585:
584:
420:Armenian Catholic
237:Armenian diaspora
124:
123:
16:(Redirected from
2584:
2557:History of Dhaka
2542:Society of Dhaka
2459:
2291:
2226:
2219:
2212:
2167:
2153:
2101:
2094:
2080:
2073:
2048:
2043:Hidden Armenians
2041:
2034:
2027:
2007:Nagorno-Karabakh
1988:
1933:
1926:
1919:
1910:
1909:
1852:
1851:
1842:
1835:
1828:
1819:
1818:
1799:
1777:
1776:
1741:
1735:
1734:
1699:
1693:
1692:
1686:
1678:
1670:
1664:
1663:
1643:
1637:
1636:
1616:
1610:
1609:
1589:
1583:
1582:
1562:
1556:
1555:
1535:
1529:
1513:
1507:
1506:
1504:
1502:
1487:
1478:
1477:, March 08, 2015
1467:
1458:
1457:
1441:
1435:
1424:
1418:
1417:
1401:
1392:
1391:
1376:"Armenians, The"
1371:
1354:
1353:
1351:
1349:
1336:Morshed, Adnan.
1333:
1318:
1317:
1315:
1313:
1298:
1292:
1291:
1289:
1287:
1273:
1267:
1266:
1255:
1249:
1248:
1240:
1234:
1229:
1223:
1211:
1196:
1181:"Armenians, The"
1091:, he obtained a
858:
839:
693:Khwaja Alimullah
658:Armenian traders
589:Bengal Armenians
577:
570:
563:
540:Hidden Armenians
536:Anti-Armenianism
224:Nagorno-Karabakh
153:Armenian culture
147:
126:
125:
50:Total population
42:
35:
31:
21:
2592:
2591:
2587:
2586:
2585:
2583:
2582:
2581:
2527:
2526:
2525:
2520:
2499:
2483:
2423:
2360:
2321:North Macedonia
2316:The Netherlands
2240:
2176:
2110:
2057:
2050:Western Armenia
1995:
1989:
1980:
1975:Ethnic enclaves
1942:
1937:
1907:
1902:
1854:
1849:
1846:
1786:
1781:
1780:
1742:
1738:
1700:
1696:
1680:
1679:
1671:
1667:
1644:
1640:
1621:"Pogose School"
1617:
1613:
1590:
1586:
1563:
1559:
1536:
1532:
1514:
1510:
1500:
1498:
1489:
1488:
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1468:
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1442:
1438:
1425:
1421:
1402:
1395:
1372:
1357:
1347:
1345:
1334:
1321:
1311:
1309:
1299:
1295:
1285:
1283:
1275:
1274:
1270:
1257:
1256:
1252:
1241:
1237:
1230:
1226:
1221:Wayback Machine
1212:
1208:
1203:
1161:
1139:
1124:Nicholas Pogose
1117:Battle of Giria
985:Siraj ud-Daulah
899:Nicholas Pogose
891:
866:
865:
864:
863:
862:
859:
851:
850:
844:Armenian Church
840:
829:
823:
821:Armenian church
805:Nicholas Pogose
744:
673:Nawabs of Dhaka
636:Eastern Armenia
627:
581:
547:
538:
529:
503:
493:
485:
470:
422:
334:
310:
296:
282:
273:
254:
240:
234:
197:
183:
169:
45:
30:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2590:
2580:
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2574:
2569:
2564:
2559:
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2544:
2539:
2522:
2521:
2519:
2518:
2513:
2507:
2505:
2501:
2500:
2498:
2497:
2491:
2489:
2485:
2484:
2482:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2465:
2464:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2431:
2429:
2425:
2424:
2422:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2370:
2368:
2362:
2361:
2359:
2358:
2356:United Kingdom
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1784:External links
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1652:Islam, Sirajul
1648:"Architecture"
1638:
1625:Islam, Sirajul
1611:
1598:Islam, Sirajul
1584:
1571:Islam, Sirajul
1567:"Ruplal House"
1557:
1544:Islam, Sirajul
1530:
1508:
1497:on 18 May 2007
1479:
1475:The Daily Star
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1380:Islam, Sirajul
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1095:(decree) from
1085:
1062:Mubarak Manzil
1046:Salamat Manzil
1042:Salamat Ressan
1021:
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531:Adana massacre
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19:
2139:Central Asia
1973:
1966:
1957:
1950:
1795:
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1711:
1707:
1697:
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1641:
1628:
1614:
1601:
1587:
1574:
1560:
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1533:
1516:
1511:
1499:. Retrieved
1495:the original
1474:
1445:
1439:
1431:
1422:
1413:
1409:
1383:
1348:17 September
1346:. Retrieved
1341:
1310:. Retrieved
1306:
1296:
1284:. Retrieved
1281:Bangkok Post
1280:
1271:
1262:
1253:
1244:
1238:
1227:
1209:
1188:
1165:
1122:
1112:
1104:
1092:
1082:Masulipatnam
1061:
1058:Medina Baksh
1057:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1016:
1004:
1000:
997:Mahtab Chand
996:
973:
960:
952:
944:
929:
926:
916:
913:
908:
904:
875:
867:
842:Entrance of
812:
798:
792:
786:
779:Ruplal House
772:
765:
745:
697:
676:
670:
656:
628:
620:
601:
591:were ethnic
588:
586:
498:
480:
235:
162:Architecture
134:
29:Ethnic group
26:
2516:New Zealand
2435:Afghanistan
2366:Middle East
2351:Switzerland
2214:Los Angeles
2018:Nakhichevan
1756:: 258–266.
1714:: 266–278.
1432:Banglapedia
1038:Kasim Bazar
1005:Jagat Sayts
793:Manuk House
783:Bangabhaban
708:Murshidabad
700:Moulvibazar
514:Persecution
429:Brotherhood
424:Evangelical
382:Armeno-Tats
377:Cherkesogai
85:, English,
2531:Categories
2440:Bangladesh
2069:Azerbaijan
2003:Azerbaijan
1959:historical
1201:References
1130:Dhaka Bank
1087:After the
975:Coja Wajid
848:Armanitola
768:jute trade
728:Kasimbazar
644:Shah Abbas
608:Armanitola
597:Bangladesh
491:Armeno-Tat
387:Lom people
351:Bangladesh
275:Azerbaijan
222:(See also
205:By country
185:Literature
70:Armanitola
55:Negligible
2511:Australia
2479:Singapore
2455:Indonesia
2188:Argentina
2155:Circassia
2127:Lithuania
1863:Armenians
1762:2249-1937
1720:2249-1937
1683:cite book
1540:"Shahbag"
1109:Mir Qasim
1097:Mir Jafar
981:saltpetre
934:zamindari
897:House of
883:parsonage
788:zamindars
749:Gujaratis
652:New Julfa
616:old Dhaka
593:Armenians
372:Hamshenis
364:Subgroups
346:Singapore
322:Australia
284:Argentina
207:or region
136:Armenians
77:Languages
2495:Ethiopia
2474:Pakistan
2461:Surabaya
2293:Hayhurum
2262:Bulgaria
2181:Americas
2096:Abkhazia
2062:Caucasus
1798:(Op-ed).
1770:44144740
1728:44146997
1263:BBC News
1217:Archived
1137:See also
1054:Gensamer
1009:Omichand
720:Chinsura
640:Caucasus
522:Genocide
506:Lomavren
452:Armenian
434:Hetanism
406:Religion
392:Hayhurum
93:Religion
83:Armenian
2504:Oceania
2469:Myanmar
2404:Lebanon
2331:Romania
2301:Hungary
2282:Germany
2257:Belgium
2252:Austria
2236:Uruguay
2163:Ukraine
2144:Moldova
2134:Belarus
2103:Tbilisi
2090:Georgia
2036:Cilicia
2013:Javakhk
1893:Nepalis
1888:Indians
1883:Chinese
1873:Burmese
1454:7584810
1344:(Op-ed)
1312:9 April
1159:Sources
1093:parwana
1050:Mobarak
938:Subadar
871:Tejgaon
775:Shahbag
761:Benares
716:Kolkata
704:Nolgola
648:Isfahan
638:in the
632:Safavid
625:History
487:Persian
468:Western
456:Eastern
303:Ukraine
298:Lebanon
289:Uruguay
271:Georgia
220:Artsakh
215:Armenia
195:History
171:Cuisine
87:Bengali
2488:Africa
2399:Kuwait
2394:Jordan
2389:Israel
2346:Sweden
2336:Serbia
2326:Poland
2287:Greece
2277:France
2267:Cyprus
2245:Europe
2228:Boston
2203:Mexico
2198:Canada
2193:Brazil
2169:Crimea
2149:Russia
2023:Turkey
1768:
1760:
1726:
1718:
1525:
1452:
1286:10 May
1172:
1066:Jeddah
1028:, the
1026:French
1013:durbar
993:Bangal
954:farman
879:belfry
712:Hoogli
677:vakils
666:Bengal
662:Mughal
341:Sweden
332:Cyprus
327:Greece
317:Canada
312:Poland
307:Crimea
280:Brazil
247:France
242:Russia
230:Turkey
2450:India
2445:China
2414:Syria
2409:Qatar
2374:Egypt
2341:Spain
2311:Malta
2306:Italy
1867:Dhaka
1766:JSTOR
1724:JSTOR
1650:. In
1623:. In
1596:. In
1569:. In
1542:. In
1501:4 May
1378:. In
1183:. In
1078:Surat
1074:Basra
1070:Mocha
1030:Dutch
1017:vakil
989:Hugli
965:Nawab
945:vakil
936:from
753:Delhi
724:Patna
689:Greek
604:Dhaka
495:Cuman
356:China
336:Egypt
294:Syria
252:India
190:Music
181:Dress
176:Dance
66:Dhaka
2428:Asia
2384:Iraq
2379:Iran
2082:Zoks
2075:Baku
1758:ISSN
1716:ISSN
1689:link
1523:ISBN
1503:2007
1450:OCLC
1414:XIII
1350:2017
1314:2021
1288:2020
1170:ISBN
1080:and
1060:and
999:and
759:and
757:Agra
726:and
702:and
650:and
587:The
397:Zoks
266:Iraq
261:Iran
710:),
461:Zok
167:Art
2533::
1794:.
1772:.
1764:.
1754:65
1752:.
1748:.
1730:.
1722:.
1712:59
1710:.
1706:.
1685:}}
1681:{{
1482:^
1473:,
1462:^
1430:,
1412:.
1408:.
1396:^
1358:^
1340:.
1322:^
1305:.
1279:.
1261:.
1076:,
1072:,
1068:,
1056:,
1052:,
1048:,
1044:,
846:,
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755:,
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695:.
654:.
642:,
618:.
497::
489::
474::
454::
117:,
113:,
2009:)
2005:(
1932:e
1925:t
1918:v
1879:)
1875:(
1869:)
1865:(
1841:e
1834:t
1827:v
1691:)
1662:.
1635:.
1608:.
1581:.
1554:.
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1456:.
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1126::
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930::
917::
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309:)
305:(
226:)
72:)
68:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
