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during the Middle Ages also fuelled the development of civic architecture. Burgher's houses with gabled fronts, a large front hall with a fireplace and a smaller living room at the rear became popular; the style became known as 'Tallinn Gothic' and taken up by builders in
590:. The new religion prompted the erection of churches throughout present-day Estonia, beginning in the 13th century. The first churches were probably wooden; of these none survive. The earliest churches still surviving were strongly built and fortress-like;
814:
enforced by the upper classes. From the baroque and onwards, many manor houses survive and contribute to the architectural heritage of
Estonia. The countryside of Estonia retains around 2000 historic manors, many in the baroque and rococo styles, e.g.
602:. Later, as Christianity became more firmly rooted, larger and more elaborate churches were built, especially in northern Estonia during the 15th century. The medieval churches in the old town of Tallinn, like the
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strongholds. The more important of these, which could cover an area up to 1,000 square metres (11,000 sq ft) and were located at important crossroads, eventually developed into commercial hubs, like
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caused much destruction among the churches of
Estonia, thus few early churches survive unaltered to this day. In later years however intense restoration work has been carried out, and especially on
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The crusaders also left their mark on the country by erecting a large number of castles as a means to gain military and administrative control over the country. Both large castle complexes, called
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is also from this period. All in all, the old town of
Tallinn is one of the world's best preserved medieval architectural ensembles, and is listed as one of
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614:, still testify to a highly developed Gothic style of architecture. Outside of Tallinn, many churches were damaged during frequent wars, especially the
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1634:
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586:, and brought about huge changes in the society, culture and architecture of Estonia. The influences came mainly from German-speaking areas and
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not intended for major military actions (known locally as 'vassal castles') were erected. Good examples of larger castles still extant include
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still exist today. Many of the castles erected during the Middle Ages were destroyed in later wars, and
Estonia is abundant in castle ruins.
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A distinguishing feature of early
Estonian architecture are the many strongholds and hill-forts found throughout the country, for example
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1177:
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As in the rest of Europe, the late 19th century was a time of architectural experimentation of styles in
Estonia. Different types of
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is one example. The master masons and sculptors who played a significant role in the early church architecture came mainly from
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693:. Other still existing medieval civic buildings testify to the importance of Tallinn as an important trading city;
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The architectural ensemble that makes out the medieval old town of
Tallinn is on the UNESCO World Heritage List
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and in northern
Estonia there are still interesting examples of relatively well-preserved medieval churches.
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influences reached
Estonia. Major sources of inspiration came were partly the vibrant Art Nouveau scene in
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Baroque and Rococo architecture in
Estonia is represented mostly by buildings erected by the
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architecture in Estonia; the castle was destroyed during the war and only ruins remain.
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934:. Perhaps the most well-known architect who worked in Art Nouveau style in Estonia was
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863:. Manor house architecture continue to dominate the countryside, with manors such as
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as the landowning class, the countryside of Estonia had been characterised by the
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exemplifying the style. Some notable residences were also built in Tallinn, e.g.
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The expansion and development of Estonian cities like Tallinn and Narva into
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and surrounding buildings from the 18th century. The main building of the
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St. Catherine's Orthodox Church is an early example of classicism (1804)
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became a popular style, not least among manor houses, as can be seen in
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610:(the tallest building in Europe in the 16th century) or the
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1432:
Culture And Customs of the Baltic States By Kevin O'Connor
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Tallinna Juugedarhitektuur: Jacques Rosenbaum (1878-1944)
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city centre in its entirety is a noteworthy example of
847:
The center of preserved neo-Classicist architecture is
796:(right) manors are among the most well-known in Estonia
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manors, but also representing a range of styles from
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is today an important historical landmark, as is the
1204:
641:and other crusading orders that erected them, and
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1320:A Hedonist's Guide to Tallinn By Laurence Shorter
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894:
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582:Christianity was brought to Estonia through the
949:style from the 19th century when Estonia was a
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879:and the building on Kohtu street 8 (architect
709:(c. 1597). The extraordinarily well-preserved
705:(1410), St. Olaf's Guild (1422) and the later
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1522:
1442:
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806:and the establishment of the German-speaking
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1036:House of the Blackheads, Tallinn (façade by
1238:List of palaces and manor houses in Estonia
1113:Art Nouveau building in Tallinn (architect
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1387:"Historic Centre (Old Town) of Tallinn"
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737:. The finest example still existing is
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1335:. Scarecrow Press. pp. 104–105.
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1536:
1411:. Kunst Publishers. pp. 82–84.
1243:List of tallest buildings in Estonia
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13:
2579:Dependencies and other territories
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14:
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1487:
753:was an unusually fine example of
661:on Saaremaa. Of smaller castles,
1365:. Scarecrow Press. p. 105.
1363:Historical Dictionary of Estonia
1333:Historical Dictionary of Estonia
1269:. Scarecrow Press. p. 104.
1267:Historical Dictionary of Estonia
1228:Estonian vernacular architecture
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1299:. Kunst Publishers. p. 9.
1223:Estonian Museum of Architecture
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731:Russian imperial administration
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895:Late-19th-century architecture
1:
1447:. Eesti Arhitektuurimuuseum.
1443:Hallas-Murula, Karin (2010).
1248:
883:, today housing the Estonian
842:
643:smaller, local fortifications
945:in Tallinn is an example of
622:, and negligence during the
7:
1723:Restoration of independence
1640:Declaration of Independence
1200:
990:Muhu St. Catherine's Church
859:(1803–09) is an example of
227:Restoration of independence
144:Declaration of Independence
10:
2754:
1718:Declaration of sovereignty
1469:"What we consider our own"
1233:List of castles in Estonia
975:
943:Alexander Nevsky Cathedral
922:At the end of the period,
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222:Declaration of sovereignty
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2555:Nagorno-Karabakh Republic
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2181:
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1980:
1971:
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1409:Estonia. Cultural Tourism
1297:Estonia. Cultural Tourism
1183:Fahle building in Tallinn
1123:Contemporary architecture
1097:main building (architect
707:Brotherhood of Blackheads
1811:Administrative divisions
612:church of the Holy Ghost
511:This article covers the
2733:Architecture in Estonia
513:architecture of Estonia
2300:Bosnia and Herzegovina
2251:Architecture of Europe
1407:Viirand, Tiiu (2004).
1361:Miljan, Toivo (2004).
1331:Miljan, Toivo (2004).
1295:Viirand, Tiiu (2004).
1265:Miljan, Toivo (2004).
970:Stalinist architecture
579:
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1667:Occupation of Estonia
1503:entry on Estonica.org
1099:Johann Wilhelm Krause
885:Chancellor of Justice
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171:Occupation of Estonia
1024:(early 15th century)
1007:(begun 13th century)
932:national romanticism
719:World Heritage Sites
711:city wall of Tallinn
421:World Heritage Sites
1708:Government-in-exile
1645:War of Independence
1215:Architecture portal
1095:University of Tartu
930:and partly Finnish
857:University of Tartu
570:Gothic architecture
350:and performing arts
212:Government-in-exile
149:War of Independence
1949:Telecommunications
1713:Singing Revolution
1694:Estonian partisans
1615:Great Northern War
1499:2022-05-18 at the
1195:Jõgeva bus station
1171:City Plaza Tallinn
1142:. You can help by
725:Baroque and Rococo
620:Great Northern War
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473:Estonia portal
217:Singing Revolution
198:Estonian partisans
119:Great Northern War
32:Culture of Estonia
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2005:Estonian language
1967:
1966:
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1863:Political parties
1826:Foreign relations
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1635:German occupation
1585:German Bishoprics
1454:978-9985-9828-7-7
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1117:, completed 1910)
1115:Jacques Rosenbaum
936:Jacques Rosenbaum
881:Carl Ludvig Engel
804:Northern crusades
735:local aristocracy
695:Tallinn Town Hall
659:Kuressaare castle
624:Soviet occupation
608:St. Olaf's church
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1650:Battle of Võnnu
1625:Russian Livonia
1620:Russian Estonia
1610:Swedish Estonia
1570:Ancient Estonia
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1471:. Estonica.org
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1199:
1198:
1197:
1194:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1163:
1158:
1157:
1137:
1135:
1124:
1121:
1120:
1119:
1112:
1105:
1103:
1093:
1086:
1084:
1078:
1071:
1069:
1051:
1044:
1042:
1035:
1028:
1026:
1018:
1011:
1009:
1003:
996:
994:
992:(13th century)
988:
981:
977:
974:
962:
959:
955:Russian Empire
896:
893:
877:Stenbock House
844:
841:
833:neo-Classicist
788:
787:
782:
775:
774:
770:
763:
762:
761:
760:
759:
745:style. Before
726:
723:
655:Toompea castle
647:Hermann castle
592:Valjala church
571:
568:
525:
522:
520:
517:
507:
506:
504:
503:
496:
489:
481:
478:
477:
476:
475:
460:
459:
456:
455:
450:
445:
439:
433:
432:
431:
428:
427:
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401:
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369:
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308:
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276:
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272:
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255:
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243:
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236:
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230:
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208:
207:
202:
201:
200:
195:
193:Ants Kaljurand
185:
180:
179:
178:
168:
166:Era of Silence
163:
158:
157:
156:
146:
141:
136:
131:
126:
121:
116:
111:
109:Polish Livonia
106:
101:
99:Baltic Germans
96:
94:Livonian Order
91:
86:
84:Danish Estonia
81:
76:
71:
70:
69:
58:
57:
56:
50:
49:
48:
45:
44:
36:
35:
27:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2750:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2730:
2728:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2667:Romano-Gothic
2665:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2642:Ancient Roman
2640:
2638:
2637:Ancient Greek
2635:
2633:
2630:
2629:
2627:
2623:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2591:Faroe Islands
2589:
2587:
2584:
2583:
2581:
2577:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2565:South Ossetia
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2542:
2540:
2536:
2530:
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2513:
2510:
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2500:
2498:
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2475:
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2423:
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2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2390:Liechtenstein
2388:
2386:
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2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
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2256:
2252:
2245:
2240:
2238:
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2226:
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2222:
2210:
2207:
2205:
2202:
2201:
2196:
2192:
2189:
2185:
2184:
2180:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2152:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
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2120:
2117:
2113:
2112:
2108:
2106:
2105:
2101:
2100:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2089:
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2079:
2076:
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2071:
2069:
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2061:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2040:
2038:
2036:
2032:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2010:Ethnic groups
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1982:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1970:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1911:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1899:
1889:
1888:Supreme Court
1886:
1884:
1880:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1849:
1846:
1842:
1839:
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1837:
1834:
1832:
1829:
1827:
1824:
1822:
1819:
1817:
1814:
1812:
1809:
1808:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1796:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1758:
1756:
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1748:
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1742:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1730:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1705:
1702:
1699:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1686:
1685:
1684:Guerrilla war
1682:
1680:
1677:
1673:
1670:
1669:
1668:
1665:
1663:
1660:
1658:
1655:
1651:
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1556:
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1543:
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1532:
1527:
1525:
1520:
1518:
1513:
1512:
1509:
1502:
1498:
1495:
1492:
1491:
1470:
1464:
1456:
1450:
1446:
1439:
1433:
1428:
1420:
1418:9949-407-18-4
1414:
1410:
1403:
1388:
1382:
1374:
1372:0-8108-4904-6
1368:
1364:
1357:
1355:
1353:
1344:
1342:0-8108-4904-6
1338:
1334:
1327:
1321:
1316:
1308:
1306:9949-407-18-4
1302:
1298:
1291:
1289:
1287:
1278:
1276:0-8108-4904-6
1272:
1268:
1261:
1259:
1254:
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1236:
1234:
1231:
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1220:
1216:
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1205:
1191:
1186:
1179:
1174:
1167:
1162:
1161:
1154:
1151:February 2013
1145:
1141:
1138:This section
1136:
1133:
1129:
1128:
1116:
1109:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1090:
1085:
1081:
1075:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1048:
1043:
1039:
1032:
1027:
1023:
1022:
1015:
1010:
1006:
1000:
995:
991:
985:
980:
979:
973:
971:
967:
958:
956:
952:
948:
944:
939:
937:
933:
929:
925:
920:
918:
914:
910:
906:
902:
892:
890:
886:
882:
878:
874:
870:
866:
862:
858:
854:
850:
840:
838:
834:
830:
826:
822:
818:
813:
809:
805:
795:
791:
779:
767:
758:
756:
752:
748:
744:
740:
736:
732:
722:
720:
716:
712:
708:
704:
700:
696:
692:
688:
684:
679:
674:
672:
668:
664:
663:Purtse castle
660:
656:
652:
648:
644:
640:
636:
635:order castles
631:
629:
625:
621:
617:
613:
609:
605:
601:
597:
593:
589:
585:
576:
567:
565:
561:
557:
552:
548:
541:
536:
531:
516:
514:
502:
497:
495:
490:
488:
483:
482:
480:
479:
474:
464:
463:
462:
461:
454:
451:
449:
446:
444:
441:
440:
436:
430:
429:
422:
419:
418:
410:
409:
406:
403:
402:
395:
392:
390:
387:
385:
382:
380:
377:
376:
372:
366:
365:
358:
355:
354:
349:
343:
342:
335:
332:
331:
327:
321:
320:
313:
310:
309:
305:
299:
298:
295:
292:
291:
288:
285:
284:
281:
278:
277:
270:
267:
266:
262:
258:
252:
251:
248:
245:
244:
241:
238:
237:
228:
225:
223:
220:
218:
215:
213:
210:
209:
206:
203:
199:
196:
194:
191:
190:
189:
188:Guerrilla war
186:
184:
181:
177:
174:
173:
172:
169:
167:
164:
162:
159:
155:
152:
151:
150:
147:
145:
142:
140:
137:
135:
132:
130:
127:
125:
122:
120:
117:
115:
112:
110:
107:
105:
102:
100:
97:
95:
92:
90:
87:
85:
82:
80:
77:
75:
72:
68:
65:
64:
63:
60:
59:
53:
47:
46:
42:
38:
37:
33:
29:
28:
24:
20:
19:
16:
2712:Contemporary
2692:Neoclassical
2570:Transnistria
2529:Vatican City
2329:
2110:
2103:
2063:Coat of arms
2048:Architecture
2047:
1990:Demographics
1919:Central bank
1882:(parliament)
1878:
1836:Human rights
1816:Constitution
1701:Deportations
1679:World War II
1672:Estonian SSR
1600:Livonian War
1563:list of wars
1494:Architecture
1473:. Retrieved
1463:
1444:
1438:
1427:
1408:
1402:
1391:. Retrieved
1381:
1362:
1332:
1326:
1315:
1296:
1266:
1148:
1144:adding to it
1139:
1101:)(1803-1809)
1055:(architects
1038:Arent Passer
1019:
972:in Estonia.
964:
961:20th century
940:
921:
898:
846:
801:
783:Sagadi manor
771:Palmse manor
747:World War II
728:
721:since 1997.
675:
632:
616:Livonian War
581:
544:
512:
510:
448:Coat of arms
312:Architecture
311:
205:Deportations
183:World War II
176:Estonian SSR
104:Livonian War
67:list of wars
15:
2682:Renaissance
2611:Isle of Man
2492:Switzerland
2425:Netherlands
1924:e-Residency
1914:Agriculture
1475:10 February
951:governorate
924:Art Nouveau
905:eclecticism
901:historicism
887:), both on
829:Neo-Baroque
792:(left) and
703:Great Guild
588:Scandinavia
2727:Categories
2707:Postmodern
2697:Revivalism
2662:Romanesque
2420:Montenegro
2400:Luxembourg
2380:Kazakhstan
2285:Azerbaijan
2164:Television
2144:Newspapers
2111:Kalevipoeg
2098:Literature
2015:Healthcare
1831:Government
1393:2013-02-10
1249:References
909:Neo-Gothic
873:Suure-Kõpu
843:Classicism
667:Kiiu tower
637:after the
528:See also:
384:Television
326:Literature
269:Kalevipoeg
2647:Byzantine
2632:Neolithic
2596:Gibraltar
2395:Lithuania
2129:Mythology
2093:Languages
2000:Estonians
1995:Education
1959:Transport
1934:Oil shale
1879:Riigikogu
1868:President
1821:Elections
1733:Geography
1040:) (1597)
1021:Raeapteek
913:Alatskivi
853:Town Hall
699:Raeapteek
671:Vao tower
604:Cathedral
538:Ruins of
414:Monuments
287:Festivals
257:Mythology
247:Languages
2616:Svalbard
2601:Guernsey
2545:Abkhazia
2517:Scotland
2477:Slovenia
2472:Slovakia
2452:Portugal
2305:Bulgaria
2204:Category
2088:Internet
2083:Folklore
2020:Religion
1944:Taxation
1858:Military
1799:Politics
1558:Timeline
1542:articles
1497:Archived
1389:. UNESCO
1201:See also
966:Sillamäe
919:manors.
917:Sangaste
733:and the
691:Novgorod
639:Teutonic
628:Saaremaa
618:and the
596:Saaremaa
294:Religion
261:folklore
62:Timeline
23:a series
21:Part of
2687:Baroque
2677:Ottoman
2652:Moorish
2625:History
2512:England
2502:Ukraine
2457:Romania
2445:Silesia
2410:Moldova
2370:Ireland
2365:Iceland
2360:Hungary
2350:Germany
2345:Georgia
2335:Finland
2330:Estonia
2325:Denmark
2310:Croatia
2295:Belgium
2290:Belarus
2280:Austria
2275:Armenia
2270:Andorra
2265:Albania
2188:Outline
2169:Theatre
2139:Symbols
2068:Cuisine
2035:Culture
1973:Society
1954:Tourism
1902:Economy
1760:Islands
1745:Climate
1550:History
1538:Estonia
976:Gallery
953:of the
889:Toompea
869:Kuremaa
683:Finland
600:Gotland
556:Tallinn
551:Valjala
547:Varbola
519:History
435:Symbols
357:Theatre
280:Cuisine
52:History
2702:Modern
2672:Gothic
2606:Jersey
2550:Kosovo
2497:Turkey
2487:Sweden
2467:Serbia
2462:Russia
2440:Poland
2435:Norway
2415:Monaco
2385:Latvia
2355:Greece
2340:France
2315:Cyprus
2209:Portal
2058:Cinema
2043:Anthem
1929:Energy
1780:Rivers
1540:
1451:
1415:
1369:
1339:
1303:
1273:
891:hill.
851:, the
821:Palmse
794:Sagadi
790:Palmse
755:Rococo
715:UNESCO
687:Sweden
564:Otepää
389:Cinema
334:Poetry
240:People
25:on the
2586:Åland
2522:Wales
2482:Spain
2405:Malta
2375:Italy
2195:Index
2159:Sport
2154:Radio
2124:Music
2119:Media
2078:Flags
2025:Women
1985:Crime
1785:Towns
1765:Lakes
1755:Fauna
849:Tartu
837:Tudor
825:Vääna
741:, in
651:Narva
560:Tartu
405:Sport
394:Films
379:Radio
371:Media
348:Music
2134:Name
2053:Beer
1841:LGBT
1477:2013
1449:ISBN
1413:ISBN
1367:ISBN
1337:ISBN
1301:ISBN
1271:ISBN
1080:Võru
1063:and
941:The
928:Riga
903:and
871:and
865:Saku
831:and
817:Saue
717:'s
689:and
669:and
562:and
549:and
443:Flag
259:and
2104:ABD
1848:Law
1146:.
915:or
835:to
823:or
649:in
594:on
304:Art
2729::
1351:^
1285:^
1257:^
1059:,
957:.
938:.
867:,
839:.
819:,
749:,
685:,
665:,
653:,
606:,
566:.
558:,
515:.
2243:e
2236:t
2229:v
1530:e
1523:t
1516:v
1479:.
1457:.
1421:.
1396:.
1375:.
1345:.
1309:.
1279:.
1153:)
1149:(
500:e
493:t
486:v
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
