25:
124:
2562:
2549:. Each of the four divisions of the work is a "Tur", so a particular passage may be cited as "Tur Orach Chayim, siman 22", meaning "Orach Chayim division, chapter 22". This was later misunderstood as meaning "Tur, Orach Chayim, chapter 22" (to distinguish it from the corresponding passage in the
2902:
Adri K. Offenberg - The
Printing History of the Constantinople Hebrew Incunable of 1493: A Mediterranean Voyage of Discovery, in The British Library Journal, Vol. 22, No 2 (Autumn 1996), Pp. 221-235. The specific mention of Southeast Europe & the Near East is on pg
2738:: this goes beyond the normal functions of a commentary, in that it attempts to review all the relevant authorities and come to a final decision on every point, so as to constitute a comprehensive resource on Jewish law. Other commentaries are
1141:
2814:
The views in the other commentaries are often relevant in ascertaining or explaining the
Ashkenazi version of Jewish law, as codified by Moses Isserles in his
1719:
1374:
1069:
1261:
2693:
positions, but compares the various opinions on any disputed point. (In most instances of debate, Rabbi Jacob follows the opinion of his father, Rabbi
2469:
46:
39:
233:
1256:
3000:
1504:
1758:
743:
706:
2990:
1682:
2995:
1705:
1055:
2462:
1632:
1567:
1449:
89:
753:
61:
1191:
2985:
1459:
1276:
1266:
506:
1855:
1805:
1770:
1464:
1329:
1196:
68:
2455:
1547:
1509:
1484:
1404:
1389:
1236:
1176:
1131:
108:
1840:
1822:
1728:
1622:
1474:
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1359:
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1812:
1795:
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1557:
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1424:
1419:
1339:
1313:
1288:
1166:
1156:
1146:
1126:
1121:
75:
2580:, as the name implies, consists of four divisions ("Turim"); these are further organised by topic and section (
1831:
1817:
1785:
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1733:
1677:
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1602:
1587:
1562:
1528:
1499:
1399:
1384:
1308:
1298:
1216:
1186:
1111:
1097:
57:
1860:
1780:
1743:
1667:
1612:
1479:
1454:
1379:
1354:
1344:
1283:
1206:
1201:
1181:
1171:
1151:
1136:
1029:
733:
497:
492:
2878:
1850:
1845:
1800:
1753:
1439:
1409:
1369:
1364:
1221:
527:
2957:
2324:
2169:
1877:
1271:
467:
457:
193:
2709:, in that, unlike Maimonides' work, it deals only with areas of Jewish law that are applicable in the
2937:), which is incorporated into some editions of the Arba'ah Turim to enable point-by-point comparison.
2438:
2131:
1982:
1923:
814:
2141:
2121:
1231:
711:
252:
2845:
itself: in some editions the two works are printed together, to allow comparison of corresponding
2735:
2635:- laws of finance, financial responsibility, damages (personal and financial) and legal procedure
2626:
2282:
2272:
2237:
2116:
2106:
1889:
1060:
1002:
836:
515:
472:
187:
35:
3005:
2401:
2136:
2050:
1116:
668:
287:
257:
2292:
2287:
2232:
2020:
935:
663:
650:
545:
262:
82:
2873:
2546:
2363:
2315:
2055:
1913:
726:
591:
580:
538:
2730:
8:
2950:
2416:
2111:
789:
656:
559:
552:
482:
370:
245:
2267:
2217:
2164:
2159:
2073:
1943:
1211:
1040:
799:
719:
573:
139:
2502:
2411:
2353:
2333:
2150:
1710:
1349:
809:
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610:
487:
400:
267:
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2827:
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1434:
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2199:
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2078:
1918:
1899:
1050:
779:
691:
674:
218:
2913:
2863:
2781:
2751:
2609:
2550:
2533:. This was the first book to be printed in Southeast Europe and the Near East.
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1977:
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2013:
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292:
2958:"Question 3.38: What is the Arba'ah Turim (The Tur, The Four Rows)?"
980:
24:
2830:
2713:
2659:
2613:
2396:
2006:
1938:
769:
277:
228:
2768:. These often defend the views of the Tur against the Beit Yosef.
123:
2787:
2676:
2667:
as his starting point; these views are then compared to those of
2617:
2603:
2553:), so that "Tur" came to be used as the title of the whole work.
2510:
2372:
2338:
2207:
2001:
990:
985:
857:
748:
643:
639:
635:
384:
379:
356:
338:
213:
208:
198:
176:
151:
2654:
2561:
2032:
2027:
1987:
1972:
1083:
975:
395:
361:
347:
282:
2929:
The
Shulchan Aruch contains a further division by paragraph (
2650:
2646:
995:
424:
328:
297:
2799:, including its division into four sections and chapters -
147:
2710:
2545:
means "four rows", in allusion to the jewels on the
2011:
1992:
415:
2977:
2775:continues to play an important role in Halakha.
2463:
2556:
707:History of the Jews in the Byzantine Empire
2612:- miscellaneous ritualistic laws, such as
2470:
2456:
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
2762:, as well as works by a number of other
2560:
122:
2795:and follows the basic structure of the
3001:Hebrew words and phrases in Jewish law
2978:
2536:
45:Please improve this article by adding
2719:
18:
16:Compilation of Jewish law and ritual
2492:
13:
2756:Beit Yisrael (Perishah u-Derishah)
2521:). The four-part structure of the
14:
3017:
2991:Rabbinic legal texts and responsa
2944:
2724:The best-known commentary on the
2529:) were adopted by the later code
498:Historical population comparisons
2971:TurShulchanArukh â AlHaTorah.org
2679:literature. Unlike Maimonides'
2525:and its division into chapters (
1142:Democratic Republic of the Congo
1056:Historical population by country
23:
2996:Hebrew-language religious books
2592:The four Turim are as follows:
2923:
2906:
2896:
2833:programs, typically study the
1:
2889:
2663:. He used the code of Rabbi
2517:c. 1340, also referred to as
713:Christianity and Judaism
127:An illuminated manuscript of
47:secondary or tertiary sources
2969:text in clear Hebrew print,
2675:traditions contained in the
7:
2852:
2791:, is a condensation of his
2495:), often called simply the
2012:
1993:
1720:Latin America and Caribbean
416:
10:
3022:
2986:Jewish medieval literature
2785:, the fundamental work of
2653:text and the dicta of the
2325:Jewish political movements
2022:Conversion to Judaism
2645:, Rabbi Jacob traces the
2547:High Priest's breastplate
2541:The title of the work in
728:Hinduism and Judaism
2557:Arrangement and contents
554:Temple in Jerusalem
247:Bar and bat mitzvah
2736:Joseph ben Ephraim Karo
516:Twelve Tribes of Israel
2841:concurrently with the
2803:structure down to the
2705:also differs from the
2573:
132:
34:relies excessively on
2953:, Prof. Eliezer Segal
2879:Kitzur Shulchan Aruch
2598:- laws of prayer and
2564:
1262:SĂŁo TomĂŠ and PrĂncipe
1257:Republic of the Congo
651:Second Temple Judaism
522:Kingdom of Judah
493:Modern historiography
126:
2874:Shulchan Aruch HaRav
2671:, as well as to the
2647:practical Jewish law
2569:, the third part of
2364:World Agudath Israel
1505:United Arab Emirates
592:Second Temple period
582:Babylonian captivity
2807:is retained in the
2537:Meaning of the name
657:Hellenistic Judaism
235:Land of Israel
194:Principles of faith
2912:Cf. the analogous
2826:, particularly in
2720:Later developments
2689:is not limited to
2574:
2565:A 1565 edition of
2501:, is an important
2493:×֡רְ×Ö¸Öź×˘Ö¸× ××֟רִ××
2218:Jewish Koine Greek
1760:Dominican Republic
1041:Judaism by country
720:Jews and Christmas
575:Assyrian captivity
133:
2480:
2479:
2429:
2428:
2177:
2176:
1924:Reconstructionist
1868:
1867:
1020:
1019:
827:
826:
664:JewishâRoman wars
612:Hasmonean dynasty
528:Kingdom of Israel
432:
431:
119:
118:
111:
93:
3013:
2961:
2938:
2927:
2921:
2910:
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2884:Aruch HaShulchan
2822:Students of the
2695:Asher ben Jehiel
2507:Yaakov ben Asher
2494:
2472:
2465:
2458:
2321:
2320:
2202:
2023:
2017:
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1961:
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1856:New Zealand
1808:
1771:El Salvador
1761:
1693:Northern America
1685:
1279:
1035:
1034:
946:Crimean Karaites
842:
841:
820:
818:
739:
737:
729:
723:
714:
702:Rabbinic Judaism
683:
677:
671:
659:
647:
613:
606:Maccabean Revolt
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2897:
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2869:Mishnah Berurah
2855:
2722:
2633:Choshen Mishpat
2559:
2539:
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2431:
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2318:
2308:
2307:
2298:Judeo-Malayalam
2278:Judaeo-Georgian
2198:
2189:
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2178:
2079:Yiddish theatre
2021:
1959:
1949:
1948:
1907:
1880:
1870:
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1759:
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1277:
1061:Genetic studies
1032:
1022:
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839:
829:
828:
816:
815:
735:
734:
727:
717:
712:
694:and Middle Ages
692:Rabbinic period
679:
673:
666:
654:
625:
611:
581:
574:
565:
557:
553:
544:
539:in Judaism
536:
521:
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433:
313:
303:
302:
246:
234:
179:
115:
104:
98:
95:
58:"Arba'ah Turim"
52:
50:
44:
40:primary sources
28:
17:
12:
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2973:
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2945:External links
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2914:back-formation
2905:
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2864:Shulchan Aruch
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2843:Shulchan Aruch
2824:Shulchan Aruch
2820:
2819:
2812:
2809:Shulchan Aruch
2782:Shulchan Aruch
2779:Joseph Caro's
2752:Moses Isserles
2721:
2718:
2639:
2638:
2637:
2636:
2630:
2620:
2607:
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2551:Shulchan Aruch
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2531:Shulchan Aruch
2519:Ba'al Ha-Turim
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2359:Territorialism
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1117:Bilad-el-Sudan
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1070:Land of Israel
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929:
928:Related groups
925:
924:
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922:
917:
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902:
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807:
802:
797:
792:
787:
785:Jewish atheism
782:
777:
772:
764:
763:
759:
758:
757:
756:
751:
746:
741:
736:IslamicâJewish
731:
724:
709:
704:
696:
695:
688:
687:
686:
685:
661:
648:
620:
615:
608:
603:
601:Yehud Medinata
595:
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588:
587:
586:
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510:
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507:Ancient Israel
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463:Land of Israel
460:
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418:Shulchan Aruch
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184:God in Judaism
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116:
31:
29:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3018:
3007:
3006:Sifrei Kodesh
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3002:
2999:
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2968:
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2955:
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2951:Arba'ah Turim
2949:
2948:
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2859:Mishneh Torah
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2797:Arba'ah Turim
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2774:
2769:
2767:
2766:
2761:
2757:
2753:
2749:
2748:Darkhei Moshe
2745:
2741:
2740:Bayit Chadash
2737:
2733:
2732:
2727:
2726:Arba'ah Turim
2717:
2715:
2712:
2708:
2707:Mishneh Torah
2704:
2703:Arba'ah Turim
2700:
2696:
2692:
2688:
2684:
2683:
2682:Mishneh Torah
2678:
2674:
2670:
2666:
2662:
2661:
2656:
2652:
2648:
2644:
2643:Arba'ah Turim
2634:
2631:
2628:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2615:
2611:
2608:
2605:
2601:
2597:
2594:
2593:
2591:
2590:
2589:
2587:
2583:
2579:
2578:Arba'ah Turim
2572:
2571:Arba'ah Turim
2568:
2563:
2554:
2552:
2548:
2544:
2534:
2532:
2528:
2524:
2520:
2516:
2515:Toledo, Spain
2512:
2508:
2504:
2503:Halakhic code
2500:
2499:
2490:
2486:
2485:
2484:Arba'ah Turim
2473:
2468:
2466:
2461:
2459:
2454:
2453:
2451:
2450:
2445:
2442:
2440:
2437:
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2423:
2420:
2418:
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2337:
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2330:
2329:
2326:
2323:
2322:
2317:
2312:
2311:
2304:
2301:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2291:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2283:Judeo-Aramaic
2281:
2279:
2276:
2274:
2273:Judeo-Italian
2271:
2269:
2266:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2253:GhardaĂŻa Sign
2251:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2201:
2197:
2196:
2195:
2192:
2191:
2188:
2183:
2182:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2157:
2156:
2155:
2152:
2149:
2148:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2104:
2103:
2102:
2099:
2096:
2095:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2071:
2070:
2069:
2066:
2063:
2062:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2048:
2047:
2046:
2043:
2040:
2039:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2019:
2016:
2015:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1997:
1996:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1970:
1969:
1968:
1964:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1952:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1905:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1887:
1886:
1883:
1882:
1879:
1878:Denominations
1874:
1873:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1838:
1837:
1836:
1833:
1830:
1829:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1804:
1802:
1799:
1797:
1794:
1792:
1789:
1787:
1784:
1782:
1779:
1777:
1774:
1772:
1769:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1757:
1755:
1752:
1750:
1747:
1745:
1742:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1726:
1725:
1724:
1721:
1718:
1717:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1706:United States
1704:
1702:
1699:
1698:
1697:
1696:
1692:
1691:
1686:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1674:
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1661:
1659:
1656:
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1629:
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1621:
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1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
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1591:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1576:
1574:
1571:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1535:
1534:
1533:
1530:
1527:
1526:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1446:
1443:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1327:
1326:
1325:
1321:
1320:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1307:
1304:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1275:
1273:
1270:
1268:
1265:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1252:
1248:
1245:
1243:
1240:
1238:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1228:
1225:
1223:
1220:
1218:
1215:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1198:
1195:
1193:
1192:Guinea-Bissau
1190:
1188:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1140:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1104:
1103:
1102:
1099:
1096:
1095:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1076:
1075:
1074:
1071:
1068:
1067:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1046:Lists of Jews
1044:
1042:
1039:
1038:
1037:
1036:
1031:
1026:
1025:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1006:
1004:
1001:
997:
994:
992:
989:
987:
984:
982:
979:
977:
974:
973:
972:
969:
967:
964:
962:
959:
957:
954:
952:
949:
947:
944:
942:
939:
937:
934:
933:
932:
931:
927:
926:
921:
918:
916:
913:
911:
908:
906:
903:
901:
898:
896:
893:
891:
888:
886:
883:
881:
878:
876:
873:
871:
868:
866:
863:
859:
856:
854:
851:
850:
849:
846:
845:
844:
843:
838:
833:
832:
821:
813:
811:
808:
806:
805:The Holocaust
803:
801:
798:
796:
793:
791:
788:
786:
783:
781:
778:
776:
773:
771:
768:
767:
766:
765:
761:
760:
755:
752:
750:
747:
745:
742:
740:
732:
730:
725:
721:
715:
710:
708:
705:
703:
700:
699:
698:
697:
693:
690:
689:
682:
676:
670:
665:
662:
658:
652:
649:
645:
641:
637:
633:
629:
624:
621:
619:
616:
614:
609:
607:
604:
602:
599:
598:
597:
596:
593:
590:
589:
584:
579:
577:
572:
568:
564:
561:
556:
551:
547:
543:
540:
534:
531:
529:
526:
524:
519:
517:
514:
513:
512:
511:
508:
505:
504:
499:
496:
494:
491:
489:
486:
484:
481:
479:
476:
474:
471:
469:
466:
464:
461:
459:
456:
455:
454:
453:
449:
448:
443:
438:
437:
426:
423:
420:
419:
414:
412:
409:
407:
406:Mishneh Torah
404:
402:
399:
397:
394:
393:
392:
391:
386:
383:
381:
378:
377:
376:
375:
372:
369:
368:
363:
360:
358:
355:
354:
353:
352:
349:
346:
345:
340:
337:
335:
332:
330:
327:
326:
325:
324:
321:
318:
317:
312:
307:
306:
299:
296:
294:
291:
289:
286:
284:
281:
279:
276:
274:
271:
269:
266:
264:
261:
259:
256:
254:
251:
249:
244:
242:
239:
237:
232:
230:
227:
225:
222:
220:
217:
215:
212:
210:
207:
204:
200:
197:
195:
192:
189:
185:
182:
181:
178:
173:
172:
167:
166:Who is a Jew?
164:
162:
159:
158:
157:
156:
153:
149:
146:
145:
141:
137:
136:
130:
129:Arba'ah Turim
125:
121:
113:
110:
102:
91:
88:
84:
81:
77:
74:
70:
67:
63:
60: â
59:
55:
54:Find sources:
48:
42:
41:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
2965:
2964:
2934:
2930:
2925:
2908:
2898:
2846:
2842:
2838:
2834:
2823:
2821:
2815:
2808:
2804:
2800:
2796:
2792:
2786:
2780:
2772:
2770:
2763:
2755:
2747:
2739:
2729:
2725:
2723:
2706:
2702:
2698:
2686:
2680:
2665:Isaac Alfasi
2658:
2657:through the
2642:
2640:
2623:Even Ha'ezer
2596:Orach Chayim
2585:
2581:
2577:
2575:
2570:
2567:Even Ha'ezer
2566:
2540:
2526:
2522:
2518:
2505:composed by
2497:
2496:
2483:
2482:
2481:
2422:Post-Zionism
2293:Judeo-Berber
2288:Judeo-Arabic
2248:Judeo-Gascon
1995:Pidyon haben
1914:Conservative
1460:Saudi Arabia
1278:South Africa
1267:Sierra Leone
1089:Israeli Jews
1003:Mosaic Arabs
956:Kaifeng Jews
817:ArabâIsraeli
790:Emancipation
669:Great Revolt
478:Anti-Judaism
473:Antisemitism
468:Name "Judea"
410:
263:Baal teshuva
128:
120:
105:
99:January 2022
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
33:
2960:. faqs.org.
2760:Joshua Falk
2744:Joel Sirkis
2610:Yoreh De'ah
2417:Revisionist
2407:Neo-Zionism
2014:Zeved habat
1807:Puerto Rico
1633:Netherlands
1465:South Korea
1450:Philippines
1330:Afghanistan
1197:Ivory Coast
971:Crypto-Jews
936:Bnei Anusim
915:Bene Israel
880:Beta Israel
837:Communities
744:Middle Ages
483:Persecution
258:Bereavement
2980:Categories
2890:References
2839:Beit Yosef
2793:Beit Yosef
2731:Beit Yosef
2669:Maimonides
2625:- laws of
2606:, holidays
2402:Maximalism
2354:Secularism
2334:Autonomism
2151:Literature
1944:Humanistic
1548:Azerbaijan
1510:Uzbekistan
1485:Tajikistan
1405:Kyrgyzstan
1390:Kazakhstan
1237:Mozambique
1212:Madagascar
1132:Cape Verde
1084:New Yishuv
1079:Old Yishuv
1030:Population
1008:Subbotniks
966:Samaritans
905:Romanyotim
848:Ashkenazim
795:Old Yishuv
775:Sabbateans
762:Modern era
754:Golden Age
681:Bar Kokhba
401:Beit Yosef
268:Philosophy
131:from 1435.
69:newspapers
36:references
2765:Acharonim
2758:by rabbi
2742:by rabbi
2734:by rabbi
2691:normative
2673:Ashkenazi
2649:from the
2629:, divorce
2600:synagogue
2513:, 1270 â
2412:Religious
2268:Zarphatic
2258:Bukharian
2228:Judeo-Tat
2213:Yeshivish
2187:Languages
2142:Sephardic
2132:Israelite
2122:Ethiopian
2112:Ashkenazi
2051:Religious
1841:Australia
1823:Venezuela
1729:Argentina
1711:Greenland
1623:Lithuania
1475:Sri Lanka
1470:Singapore
1395:Kurdistan
1360:Indonesia
1350:Hong Kong
1303:Abayudaya
1227:Mauritius
961:Igbo Jews
951:Krymchaks
870:Sephardim
738:relations
632:Sadducees
628:Pharisees
618:Sanhedrin
533:Jerusalem
293:Synagogue
161:Etymology
2853:See also
2837:and the
2831:Semikhah
2828:Orthodox
2677:Tosafist
2660:Rishonim
2627:marriage
2614:shechita
2439:Category
2397:Kahanism
2344:Feminism
2316:Politics
2200:Biblical
2170:American
2117:Bukharan
2107:American
2007:Shidduch
1983:Clothing
1939:Haymanot
1885:Orthodox
1813:Suriname
1796:Paraguay
1749:Colombia
1648:Portugal
1558:Bulgaria
1495:Thailand
1445:Pakistan
1425:Mongolia
1420:Malaysia
1340:Cambodia
1314:Zimbabwe
1289:Tanzania
1167:Eswatini
1157:Ethiopia
1147:Djibouti
1127:Cameroon
1122:Botswana
1051:Diaspora
1013:Noahides
986:Marranos
910:Cochinim
895:Bukharim
885:Gruzinim
875:Teimanim
865:Mizrahim
853:Galician
819:conflict
780:Hasidism
770:Haskalah
675:Diaspora
546:timeline
458:Timeline
371:Rabbinic
278:Kabbalah
253:Marriage
229:Tzedakah
219:Holidays
177:Religion
140:a series
138:Part of
2935:se'ifim
2918:Chumash
2847:simanim
2788:Halakha
2728:is the
2701:.) The
2641:In the
2618:kashrut
2604:Sabbath
2586:simanim
2527:simanim
2511:Cologne
2382:General
2373:Zionism
2349:Leftism
2339:Bundism
2263:Knaanic
2223:Yevanic
2208:Yiddish
2165:Yiddish
2160:Israeli
2137:Mizrahi
2127:Israeli
2098:Cuisine
2074:Ancient
2056:Secular
2002:Kashrut
1978:Wedding
1965:Customs
1957:Culture
1934:Science
1929:Renewal
1919:Karaite
1900:Hasidic
1832:Oceania
1818:Uruguay
1786:Jamaica
1766:Ecuador
1734:Bolivia
1678:Ukraine
1653:Romania
1628:Moldova
1608:Hungary
1598:Germany
1593:Georgia
1583:Finland
1578:Estonia
1573:Denmark
1568:Czechia
1553:Belarus
1543:Austria
1538:Armenia
1515:Vietnam
1430:Myanmar
1415:Lebanon
1335:Bahrain
1294:Tunisia
1272:Somalia
1247:Nigeria
1242:Namibia
1232:Morocco
1162:Eritrea
1107:Algeria
991:Neofiti
900:Italkim
890:Juhurim
800:Zionism
749:Khazars
644:Sicarii
640:Zealots
636:Essenes
623:Schisms
488:Leaders
450:General
442:History
385:Tosefta
380:Midrash
357:Mishnah
339:Ketuvim
334:Nevi'im
283:Customs
214:Shabbat
209:Halakha
201: (
199:Mitzvot
186: (
152:Judaism
83:scholar
2933:, pl.
2816:Mappah
2711:Jewish
2697:, the
2685:, the
2655:Talmud
2584:, pl.
2543:Hebrew
2489:Hebrew
2444:Portal
2303:Domari
2233:Shassi
2194:Hebrew
2089:Humour
2033:Hiloni
2028:Aliyah
1988:Niddah
1973:Minyan
1908:Reform
1895:Haredi
1890:Modern
1791:Mexico
1776:Guyana
1739:Brazil
1701:Canada
1673:Sweden
1663:Serbia
1658:Russia
1643:Poland
1638:Norway
1618:Latvia
1603:Greece
1588:France
1563:Cyprus
1529:Europe
1500:Turkey
1490:Taiwan
1400:Kuwait
1385:Jordan
1375:Israel
1309:Zambia
1299:Uganda
1217:Malawi
1187:Guinea
1177:Gambia
1112:Angola
1098:Africa
981:DĂśnmeh
976:Anusim
920:Berber
858:Litvak
810:Israel
716:
653:
567:Second
535:
396:Targum
362:Gemara
348:Talmud
320:Tanakh
273:Ethics
224:Prayer
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
2931:sa'if
2805:siman
2801:Tur's
2714:exile
2651:Torah
2582:siman
2392:Labor
2387:Green
2084:Dance
2042:Music
1861:Palau
1781:Haiti
1744:Chile
1668:Spain
1613:Italy
1520:Yemen
1480:Syria
1455:Qatar
1435:Nepal
1380:Japan
1355:India
1345:China
1284:Sudan
1207:Libya
1202:Kenya
1182:Ghana
1172:Gabon
1152:Egypt
1137:Benin
996:Xueta
941:Lemba
560:First
425:Zohar
329:Torah
311:Texts
298:Rabbi
288:Rites
188:names
90:JSTOR
76:books
2903:223.
2771:The
2699:Rosh
2616:and
2576:The
1851:Guam
1846:Fiji
1801:Peru
1754:Cuba
1440:Oman
1410:Laos
1370:Iraq
1365:Iran
1322:Asia
1251:Igbo
1222:Mali
241:Brit
150:and
148:Jews
62:news
2966:Tur
2835:Tur
2773:Tur
2750:by
2687:Tur
2588:).
2523:Tur
2498:Tur
2065:Art
411:Tur
203:613
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