202:
inside of the cask as the contents began to freeze, and then tapping the cask and pouring off the still-liquid portion of the contents. Starting with the fermented juice, with an alcohol content of less than ten percent, the concentrated result can contain 25–40% alcohol. Because freeze distillation is a low-infrastructure method of production compared to evaporative distillation, and does not require the burning of firewood to create heat, hard cider and applejack were historically easier to produce, though more expensive than grain alcohol.
3982:
3972:
3962:
20:
201:
produced after the fall harvest was left outside during the winter. Periodically the frozen chunks of ice which had formed were removed, thus concentrating the unfrozen alcohol in the remaining liquid. An alternative method involved placing a cask of hard cider in snow, allowing ice to form on the
104:
Once popular in early
America, applejack declined in popularity due to the rise of other spirits that were easier to manufacture on a commercial basis, including rum and whiskey (especially bourbon) in the 19th century and gin, vodka, and tequila in the 20th century. In 1920, with the beginning of
346:): Perhaps the most interesting option is applejack, the first distilled liquor native to North America and a great favorite among the colonists. usually a blend of apple brandy and neutral spirits that retains the flavor of the apples
113:. In 1931, John Evans Laird received permission to produce apple brandy for "medicinal purposes" and stockpiled its product until the repeal of Prohibition in 1933.
479:
3917:
628:
129:
159:
In the 2010s, a number of smaller craft distilleries began to produce applejack in places such as New
Hampshire, Pennsylvania's
434:
3940:
462:
417:
316:
3879:
492:
101:, was until the 2000s the country's only remaining producer of applejack, and continues to dominate applejack production.
4011:
581:
524:
373:
343:
2573:
117:
666:
621:
594:
236:. Modern commercially produced applejack is often no longer produced by jacking but rather by blending apple
209:, is that the substances remaining after the removal of the water include not only ethanol, but also harmful
194:
2873:
46:
era, the drink's prevalence declined in the 19th and 20th centuries amid competition from other spirits.
153:
78:
3907:
4006:
3985:
3426:
614:
3975:
3113:
2540:
681:
818:
393:
2963:
2593:
450:
232:
When commercial production began, applejack was also starting to be produced through evaporative
98:
3945:
3544:
3123:
2818:
2017:
766:
900:
3253:
3243:
3128:
3083:
2978:
2958:
2878:
2853:
696:
304:
137:
133:
3932:
3687:
3599:
3559:
3033:
2823:
2617:
2566:
771:
686:
504:
141:
54:
24:
2426:
8:
3722:
3609:
3088:
2888:
2798:
2703:
793:
781:
551:
206:
70:
1201:
3873:
3521:
3501:
3373:
3333:
3193:
3103:
3098:
2913:
2903:
2708:
1221:
691:
637:
94:
2838:
2496:
2491:
2346:
2107:
493:
Applejack is back: Coppercraft
Distillery goes to market with historic American spirit
3777:
3516:
3471:
3436:
3288:
2868:
2858:
2783:
2748:
2251:
2234:
1784:
1571:
701:
577:
520:
369:
339:
312:
249:
168:
145:
121:
43:
3885:
3667:
3659:
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3594:
3511:
3411:
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3058:
3003:
2973:
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2813:
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2793:
2773:
2743:
2738:
2678:
2673:
2653:
2336:
2155:
2129:
1884:
1764:
719:
86:
3965:
3772:
3677:
3649:
3629:
3569:
3451:
3446:
3441:
3416:
3368:
3358:
3298:
3283:
3148:
3108:
3073:
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2943:
2933:
2883:
2723:
2668:
2624:
2559:
1894:
1868:
1799:
1774:
1739:
1688:
1628:
1211:
676:
671:
584:): The evaporative technique was used when commercial applejack production began.
226:
125:
106:
74:
35:
3890:
3747:
3604:
3491:
3456:
3323:
3318:
3303:
3268:
3263:
3258:
3248:
3208:
3163:
3158:
3008:
2928:
2898:
2863:
2843:
2788:
2753:
2733:
2728:
2698:
2693:
2643:
2209:
2042:
2007:
1819:
1678:
149:
4000:
3868:
3853:
3767:
3757:
3752:
3584:
3549:
3486:
3421:
3398:
3383:
3353:
3348:
3293:
3238:
3233:
3213:
3153:
3143:
3093:
3078:
3063:
2998:
2768:
2658:
2431:
2291:
1997:
1844:
1744:
1734:
1638:
1546:
1526:
1434:
1216:
222:
164:
160:
2411:
3927:
3712:
3702:
3589:
3574:
3496:
3481:
3466:
3461:
3388:
3378:
3228:
3168:
3133:
3118:
3043:
3038:
3028:
2988:
2953:
2948:
2908:
2808:
2718:
2713:
2683:
2143:
1779:
1698:
1683:
1566:
1000:
890:
885:
776:
761:
233:
58:
2366:
2341:
2189:
915:
3808:
3803:
3762:
3742:
3732:
3727:
3539:
3531:
3273:
3223:
3218:
3203:
2993:
2968:
2918:
2833:
2778:
2635:
2296:
2057:
2032:
1977:
1899:
1879:
1849:
1379:
1359:
1329:
1266:
1136:
1076:
1040:
990:
960:
950:
875:
865:
855:
850:
724:
257:
189:
110:
2086:
1101:
256:, France, to which it is often compared. However, calvados is made from
89:, incorporated Laird's Distillery in 1780, after previously operating a
3858:
3717:
3707:
3506:
3476:
3338:
3313:
3308:
3278:
3013:
2828:
2663:
2501:
2436:
2381:
2321:
2266:
2214:
1673:
1616:
940:
930:
788:
1982:
1703:
606:
480:
Are People Taking
Applejack Seriously Now? Johnny Appleseed goes craft
3863:
3828:
3798:
3737:
3624:
3431:
3406:
3343:
3328:
3188:
3183:
3018:
2923:
2848:
2486:
2451:
2421:
2281:
1992:
1754:
1648:
1611:
1389:
1319:
1196:
1176:
1111:
1030:
905:
744:
50:
19:
2276:
2052:
1251:
3922:
3902:
3818:
3672:
3639:
3619:
3579:
3564:
3554:
3053:
2983:
2758:
2511:
2506:
2471:
2461:
2371:
2306:
2199:
2138:
2117:
2102:
1952:
1653:
1516:
1459:
1439:
1339:
1314:
1281:
1166:
1025:
1020:
1010:
925:
910:
895:
273:
253:
218:
210:
3833:
3363:
3048:
2688:
2648:
2481:
2401:
2386:
2331:
2244:
2224:
2179:
2164:
2148:
2122:
2087:
2047:
2037:
1987:
1932:
1809:
1794:
1713:
1693:
1658:
1591:
1191:
1151:
1131:
1096:
1055:
980:
739:
734:
729:
336:
Drinking with the Saints: The Sinner's Guide to a Holy Happy Hour
261:
172:
93:. The oldest licensed applejack distillery in the United States,
2174:
549:
3782:
3198:
3173:
3023:
2893:
2521:
2446:
2376:
2356:
2351:
2311:
2022:
1947:
1942:
1927:
1904:
1889:
1864:
1854:
1824:
1814:
1804:
1668:
1633:
1623:
1581:
1576:
1556:
1536:
1489:
1464:
1454:
1304:
1171:
1161:
1141:
1116:
1045:
920:
552:"Study on Method of Decreasing Methanol in Apple Pomace Spirit"
237:
124:
requested from Robert Laird his family's recipe for applejack;
90:
225:. In modern times, reducing methanol with the absorption of a
3896:
3823:
3634:
2763:
2609:
2582:
2256:
2062:
2012:
1967:
1957:
1922:
1834:
1708:
1643:
1586:
1449:
1424:
1419:
1404:
1384:
1369:
1349:
1334:
1241:
1231:
1226:
1186:
1181:
1156:
1126:
1091:
1086:
1050:
1035:
970:
840:
754:
214:
198:
109:, Laird's ended the production of liquor and began producing
39:
366:
Wines & Beers of Old New
England: A How-to-do-it History
197:
and then removing the ice, increasing the alcohol content.
187:
derives from the traditional method of producing the drink,
3912:
2169:
1829:
1414:
1394:
1324:
1276:
1271:
1206:
1146:
749:
517:
Cider: Making, Using & Enjoying Sweet & Hard Cider
85:. Laird's great-grandson, Robert Laird, who served in the
2551:
2396:
2002:
1601:
1261:
463:
How it's made: Apples to applejack in the Lehigh Valley
550:
Hui-Ling Ma; Xiu-Ping Yang; Ying Zuo (15 April 2006).
205:
The disadvantage of freeze distillation, also called
388:
386:
384:
382:
817:
379:
3998:
435:In Search Of ...; Not Your Toddler's Apple Cider
23:A bottle of blended apple brandy, along with a
260:, while applejack is made from apples such as
2567:
622:
509:
3918:PRI disease resistant apple breeding program
2090:and infused distilled drinks by ingredients
311:. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. p. 10.
309:Alcohol in Popular Culture: An Encyclopedia
2574:
2560:
1488:
649:
629:
615:
412:
410:
408:
406:
302:
148:gave a case of applejack to Soviet leader
418:Harvest Is In at Centuries-Old Distillery
243:
116:Applejack has been associated with four
18:
636:
403:
330:
328:
3999:
229:is a practical method for production.
2555:
2085:
1487:
816:
648:
610:
360:
358:
356:
354:
352:
298:
296:
294:
292:
290:
288:
3880:Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae
482:, Bloomberg News (February 4, 2016).
325:
16:Alcoholic drink produced from apples
69:Apple brandy was first produced in
13:
349:
285:
14:
4023:
495:, MLive.com (September 30, 2014)
248:Applejack is somewhat similar to
120:: After the American Revolution,
3981:
3980:
3971:
3970:
3961:
3960:
574:The SAGE Encyclopedia of Alcohol
27:, a cocktail made with applejack
587:
566:
543:
530:
498:
485:
118:presidents of the United States
667:History of alcoholic beverages
472:
455:
444:
427:
130:brief stint as a tavern keeper
81:. The drink was once known as
1:
3941:Countries by apple production
279:
178:
49:Applejack is used in several
73:in 1698 by William Laird, a
7:
595:An Apple Orchard in a Glass
540:(Lark Books, 2007), p. 141.
515:Lew Nichols, Annie Proulx,
267:
240:and neutral grain spirits.
154:Glassboro Summit Conference
144:he regularly consumed; and
10:
4028:
2581:
207:fractional crystallization
193:, which is the process of
140:included applejack in the
64:
4012:American distilled drinks
3956:
3846:
3791:
3695:
3686:
3658:
3530:
3397:
2634:
2602:
2589:
2536:
2095:
2081:
1915:
1724:
1501:
1497:
1483:
1292:
1066:
830:
826:
812:
712:
659:
655:
644:
307:. In Rachel Black (ed.).
1939:Coconut and other palms
1311:Coconut and other palms
682:History of Bordeaux wine
195:freezing fermented cider
175:at Nickel 9 Distillery.
2964:Geheimrat Dr. Oldenburg
2834:Cripps Pink (Pink Lady)
2594:List of apple cultivars
767:Drinking establishments
252:, an apple brandy from
171:, and most famously in
99:Scobeyville, New Jersey
3427:Calville Blanc d'hiver
1974:Sugarcane or molasses
1411:Sugarcane or molasses
650:History and production
364:Sanborn Conner Brown,
244:Comparison to calvados
28:
3254:Rhode Island Greening
3174:Sciros (Pacific Rose)
3084:Karmijn de Sonnaville
2854:Devonshire Quarrenden
697:History of Rioja wine
519:, 3rd Edition (2015,
392:Karen Tina Harrison,
138:Franklin D. Roosevelt
134:Springfield, Illinois
22:
3933:US Apple Association
2874:Duchess of Oldenburg
2618:Malus niedzwetzkyana
2408:Mammee apple flower
687:History of Champagne
467:lehighvalleylive.com
3723:Apple cider vinegar
3089:King of the Pippins
2819:Cox's Orange Pippin
2799:Cornish Gilliflower
2458:Sugarcane/molasses
901:Moscatel de Setúbal
794:Yeast in winemaking
782:Yeast in winemaking
638:Alcoholic beverages
601:(December 8, 2004).
536:Matthew B. Rowley,
451:Tamworth Distilling
424:(October 26, 1986).
303:Ken Albala (2010).
128:served it during a
95:Laird & Company
71:colonial New Jersey
3874:Fruit tree pruning
3502:Reinette du Canada
3374:Worcester Pearmain
3129:Lucombe's Seedling
3114:Liveland Raspberry
2959:Gascoyne's Scarlet
2914:Esopus Spitzenburg
2879:Dumelow's Seedling
2709:Aurora Golden Gala
692:History of Chianti
660:History of alcohol
398:New Jersey Monthly
57:. It is a type of
29:
3994:
3993:
3842:
3841:
3778:Jewish apple cake
3517:White Transparent
3437:Chelmsford Wonder
2784:Claygate Pearmain
2549:
2548:
2532:
2531:
2235:Chocolate liqueur
2196:Blackthorn shrub
2077:
2076:
2073:
2072:
2029:Various starches
1785:Tennessee whiskey
1479:
1478:
1475:
1474:
1446:Various starches
808:
807:
804:
803:
702:History of Sherry
572:Scott C. Martin,
433:Joseph D'Agnese,
318:978-0-313-38048-8
169:Holland, Michigan
146:Lyndon B. Johnson
122:George Washington
44:American colonial
42:. Popular in the
4019:
4007:Distilled ciders
3984:
3983:
3974:
3973:
3964:
3963:
3886:Johnny Appleseed
3693:
3692:
3660:Ornamental apple
2974:Golden Delicious
2889:Ellison's Orange
2814:Court Pendu Plat
2794:Cornish Aromatic
2739:Belle de Boskoop
2704:Ashmead's Kernel
2674:Allington Pippin
2654:Airlie Red Flesh
2576:
2569:
2562:
2553:
2552:
2156:Herbs de Majorca
2130:Anisado Mallorca
2083:
2082:
1885:American whiskey
1876:Multiple grains
1765:Buckwheat whisky
1499:
1498:
1485:
1484:
1258:Multiple grains
828:
827:
819:Fermented drinks
814:
813:
720:Alcohol industry
657:
656:
646:
645:
631:
624:
617:
608:
607:
602:
591:
585:
570:
564:
563:
547:
541:
534:
528:
513:
507:
505:Jacky Apple Jack
502:
496:
491:Garret Ellison,
489:
483:
476:
470:
469:(November 2016).
461:Kurt Bresswein,
459:
453:
448:
442:
441:(June 11, 2000).
431:
425:
416:Ralph Ginzburg,
414:
401:
400:, July 13, 2009.
394:Jersey Lightning
390:
377:
362:
347:
332:
323:
322:
300:
87:Continental Army
83:Jersey Lightning
53:, including the
4027:
4026:
4022:
4021:
4020:
4018:
4017:
4016:
3997:
3996:
3995:
3990:
3952:
3838:
3787:
3773:Himmel und Erde
3682:
3678:Wijcik McIntosh
3654:
3650:Yarlington Mill
3630:Slack-ma-Girdle
3526:
3452:Crimson Bramley
3417:Blenheim Orange
3393:
3104:Laxton's Superb
2884:Egremont Russet
2839:Delbard Jubilée
2630:
2625:Malus sieversii
2611:Malus domestica
2598:
2585:
2580:
2550:
2545:
2528:
2497:Crème de cassis
2492:Crème de banane
2478:Various fruits
2347:Crème de menthe
2108:Crème de Noyaux
2091:
2069:
1911:
1895:Canadian whisky
1869:Kaoliang liquor
1775:Bourbon whiskey
1740:Japanese whisky
1720:
1689:Marillenschnaps
1665:Various fruits
1493:
1471:
1300:Agave americana
1288:
1062:
1017:Various fruits
822:
800:
708:
677:History of wine
672:History of beer
651:
640:
635:
605:
592:
588:
571:
567:
548:
544:
535:
531:
514:
510:
503:
499:
490:
486:
477:
473:
460:
456:
449:
445:
432:
428:
415:
404:
391:
380:
363:
350:
334:Michael Foley,
333:
326:
319:
301:
286:
282:
270:
246:
227:molecular sieve
181:
126:Abraham Lincoln
107:Prohibition era
79:Monmouth County
77:who settled in
67:
36:alcoholic drink
17:
12:
11:
5:
4025:
4015:
4014:
4009:
3992:
3991:
3989:
3988:
3978:
3968:
3957:
3954:
3953:
3951:
3950:
3949:
3948:
3946:Apple diseases
3943:
3935:
3930:
3925:
3920:
3915:
3910:
3905:
3900:
3893:
3891:Malling series
3888:
3883:
3876:
3871:
3866:
3861:
3856:
3850:
3848:
3844:
3843:
3840:
3839:
3837:
3836:
3831:
3826:
3821:
3816:
3811:
3806:
3801:
3795:
3793:
3789:
3788:
3786:
3785:
3780:
3775:
3770:
3765:
3760:
3755:
3750:
3748:Apple seed oil
3745:
3740:
3735:
3730:
3725:
3720:
3715:
3710:
3705:
3699:
3697:
3690:
3688:Apple products
3684:
3683:
3681:
3680:
3675:
3670:
3664:
3662:
3656:
3655:
3653:
3652:
3647:
3642:
3637:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3612:
3607:
3605:Kingston Black
3602:
3600:Harrison Cider
3597:
3592:
3587:
3582:
3577:
3572:
3567:
3562:
3557:
3552:
3547:
3545:Cap of Liberty
3542:
3536:
3534:
3528:
3527:
3525:
3524:
3519:
3514:
3509:
3504:
3499:
3494:
3492:Norfolk Biffin
3489:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3457:Flower of Kent
3454:
3449:
3444:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3403:
3401:
3399:Cooking apples
3395:
3394:
3392:
3391:
3386:
3381:
3376:
3371:
3366:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3336:
3331:
3326:
3321:
3316:
3311:
3306:
3304:Sturmer Pippin
3301:
3296:
3291:
3286:
3281:
3276:
3271:
3266:
3264:Roxbury Russet
3261:
3259:Ribston Pippin
3256:
3251:
3249:Redlove apples
3246:
3241:
3236:
3231:
3226:
3221:
3216:
3211:
3206:
3201:
3196:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3159:Newtown Pippin
3156:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3124:Lord Lambourne
3121:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3061:
3056:
3051:
3046:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3006:
3001:
2996:
2991:
2986:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2961:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2936:
2931:
2926:
2921:
2916:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2891:
2886:
2881:
2876:
2871:
2866:
2864:Dorsett Golden
2861:
2856:
2851:
2846:
2844:Delbarestivale
2841:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2779:Civni (Rubens)
2776:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2754:Birgit Bonnier
2751:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2734:Beauty of Bath
2731:
2726:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2699:Arkansas Black
2696:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2661:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2644:Adams Pearmain
2640:
2638:
2632:
2631:
2629:
2628:
2621:
2614:
2606:
2604:
2600:
2599:
2597:
2596:
2590:
2587:
2586:
2579:
2578:
2571:
2564:
2556:
2547:
2546:
2544:
2543:
2537:
2534:
2533:
2530:
2529:
2527:
2526:
2525:
2524:
2516:
2515:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2476:
2475:
2474:
2466:
2465:
2464:
2456:
2455:
2454:
2449:
2441:
2440:
2439:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2416:
2415:
2414:
2406:
2405:
2404:
2399:
2391:
2390:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2361:
2360:
2359:
2354:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2326:
2325:
2324:
2316:
2315:
2314:
2309:
2301:
2300:
2299:
2294:
2286:
2285:
2284:
2279:
2271:
2270:
2269:
2261:
2260:
2259:
2249:
2248:
2247:
2239:
2238:
2237:
2229:
2228:
2227:
2221:Chili peppers
2219:
2218:
2217:
2212:
2210:Cherry Heering
2204:
2203:
2202:
2194:
2193:
2192:
2184:
2183:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2161:
2160:
2159:
2158:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2135:
2134:
2133:
2132:
2120:
2112:
2111:
2110:
2105:
2096:
2093:
2092:
2079:
2078:
2075:
2074:
2071:
2070:
2068:
2067:
2066:
2065:
2060:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2027:
2026:
2025:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2008:Seco Herrerano
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1972:
1971:
1970:
1962:
1961:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1937:
1936:
1935:
1930:
1919:
1917:
1913:
1912:
1910:
1909:
1908:
1907:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1874:
1873:
1872:
1859:
1858:
1857:
1852:
1847:
1839:
1838:
1837:
1832:
1827:
1822:
1820:Mixiang Baijiu
1817:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1789:
1788:
1787:
1782:
1777:
1769:
1768:
1767:
1759:
1758:
1757:
1749:
1748:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1728:
1726:
1722:
1721:
1719:
1718:
1717:
1716:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1686:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1663:
1662:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1621:
1620:
1619:
1614:
1606:
1605:
1604:
1596:
1595:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1561:
1560:
1559:
1551:
1550:
1549:
1541:
1540:
1539:
1531:
1530:
1529:
1521:
1520:
1519:
1514:
1505:
1503:
1495:
1494:
1492:by ingredients
1481:
1480:
1477:
1476:
1473:
1472:
1470:
1469:
1468:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1444:
1443:
1442:
1437:
1429:
1428:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1409:
1408:
1407:
1399:
1398:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1374:
1373:
1372:
1364:
1363:
1362:
1354:
1353:
1352:
1344:
1343:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1309:
1308:
1307:
1296:
1294:
1290:
1289:
1287:
1286:
1285:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1256:
1255:
1254:
1246:
1245:
1244:
1236:
1235:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1121:
1120:
1119:
1114:
1106:
1105:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1081:
1080:
1079:
1070:
1068:
1064:
1063:
1061:
1060:
1059:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1023:
1015:
1014:
1013:
1005:
1004:
1003:
995:
994:
993:
985:
984:
983:
975:
974:
973:
965:
964:
963:
955:
954:
953:
945:
944:
943:
935:
934:
933:
928:
923:
918:
913:
908:
903:
898:
893:
888:
880:
879:
878:
870:
869:
868:
860:
859:
858:
853:
845:
844:
843:
834:
832:
824:
823:
821:by ingredients
810:
809:
806:
805:
802:
801:
799:
798:
797:
796:
786:
785:
784:
779:
769:
764:
759:
758:
757:
752:
747:
742:
737:
727:
722:
716:
714:
710:
709:
707:
706:
705:
704:
699:
694:
689:
684:
674:
669:
663:
661:
653:
652:
642:
641:
634:
633:
626:
619:
611:
604:
603:
599:New York Times
586:
565:
542:
529:
508:
497:
484:
471:
454:
443:
439:New York Times
426:
422:New York Times
402:
378:
348:
324:
317:
283:
281:
278:
277:
276:
269:
266:
245:
242:
223:fusel alcohols
180:
177:
150:Alexei Kosygin
75:Scots American
66:
63:
38:produced from
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4024:
4013:
4010:
4008:
4005:
4004:
4002:
3987:
3979:
3977:
3969:
3967:
3959:
3958:
3955:
3947:
3944:
3942:
3939:
3938:
3936:
3934:
3931:
3929:
3926:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3898:
3894:
3892:
3889:
3887:
3884:
3882:
3881:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3869:Arctic Apples
3867:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3854:Apple picking
3852:
3851:
3849:
3845:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3800:
3797:
3796:
3794:
3790:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3768:Caramel apple
3766:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3753:Apple strudel
3751:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3719:
3716:
3714:
3711:
3709:
3706:
3704:
3701:
3700:
3698:
3694:
3691:
3689:
3685:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3665:
3663:
3661:
3657:
3651:
3648:
3646:
3643:
3641:
3638:
3636:
3633:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3603:
3601:
3598:
3596:
3593:
3591:
3588:
3586:
3585:Golden Russet
3583:
3581:
3578:
3576:
3573:
3571:
3568:
3566:
3563:
3561:
3558:
3556:
3553:
3551:
3550:Chisel Jersey
3548:
3546:
3543:
3541:
3538:
3537:
3535:
3533:
3529:
3523:
3520:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3487:Newton Wonder
3485:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3404:
3402:
3400:
3396:
3390:
3387:
3385:
3384:York Imperial
3382:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3372:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3349:Tompkins King
3347:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3322:
3320:
3317:
3315:
3312:
3310:
3307:
3305:
3302:
3300:
3297:
3295:
3294:Star of Devon
3292:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3277:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3262:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3244:Red Pineapple
3242:
3240:
3239:Red Delicious
3237:
3235:
3234:Red Astrachan
3232:
3230:
3227:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3200:
3197:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3179:Pam's Delight
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3155:
3152:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3094:Knobby Russet
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3030:
3027:
3025:
3022:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3002:
3000:
2999:Grimes Golden
2997:
2995:
2992:
2990:
2987:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2979:Golden Orange
2977:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2641:
2639:
2637:
2633:
2627:
2626:
2622:
2620:
2619:
2615:
2613:
2612:
2608:
2607:
2605:
2601:
2595:
2592:
2591:
2588:
2584:
2577:
2572:
2570:
2565:
2563:
2558:
2557:
2554:
2542:
2539:
2538:
2535:
2523:
2520:
2519:
2517:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2479:
2477:
2473:
2470:
2469:
2467:
2463:
2460:
2459:
2457:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2444:
2442:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2432:Grand Marnier
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2419:
2417:
2413:
2410:
2409:
2407:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2394:
2392:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2364:
2362:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2350:
2348:
2345:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2329:
2327:
2323:
2320:
2319:
2317:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2304:
2302:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2292:Cream liqueur
2290:
2289:
2287:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2274:
2272:
2268:
2265:
2264:
2262:
2258:
2255:
2254:
2253:
2250:
2246:
2243:
2242:
2240:
2236:
2233:
2232:
2230:
2226:
2223:
2222:
2220:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2207:
2205:
2201:
2198:
2197:
2195:
2191:
2188:
2187:
2185:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2157:
2154:
2153:
2152:
2151:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2131:
2128:
2127:
2126:
2125:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2115:
2113:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2100:
2098:
2097:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2080:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2030:
2028:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1975:
1973:
1969:
1966:
1965:
1963:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1940:
1938:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1925:
1924:
1921:
1920:
1918:
1914:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1877:
1875:
1870:
1866:
1863:
1862:
1860:
1856:
1853:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1842:
1840:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1792:
1790:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1772:
1770:
1766:
1763:
1762:
1760:
1756:
1753:
1752:
1750:
1746:
1745:Scotch whisky
1743:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1735:Irish whiskey
1733:
1732:
1730:
1729:
1727:
1723:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1666:
1664:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1626:
1625:
1622:
1618:
1615:
1613:
1610:
1609:
1607:
1603:
1600:
1599:
1597:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1565:
1564:
1562:
1558:
1555:
1554:
1552:
1548:
1545:
1544:
1542:
1538:
1535:
1534:
1532:
1528:
1525:
1524:
1523:Cashew apple
1522:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1509:
1507:
1506:
1504:
1500:
1496:
1491:
1486:
1482:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1447:
1445:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1435:Fermented tea
1433:
1432:
1430:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1412:
1410:
1406:
1403:
1402:
1400:
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1217:Shaoxing wine
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1007:Prickly pear
1006:
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593:Eric Asimov,
590:
583:
582:1-4833-3108-3
579:
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562:(4): 138–142.
561:
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539:
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525:1-60342-839-9
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478:Kara Newman,
475:
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344:1-62157-383-4
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166:
165:Hudson Valley
163:, New York's
162:
161:Lehigh Valley
157:
155:
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143:
139:
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131:
127:
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119:
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56:
52:
47:
45:
41:
37:
34:is a strong
33:
26:
21:
3895:
3878:
3813:
3713:Apple cheese
3703:Apple butter
3590:Golden Spire
3575:Ellis Bitter
3560:Crimson King
3532:Cider apples
3497:Northern Spy
3482:Manks Codlin
3467:Granny Smith
3462:Golden Noble
3379:Wyken Pippin
3044:Jersey Black
3034:James Grieve
3029:Ingrid Marie
2989:Granny Smith
2824:Crimson Gold
2809:Cosmic Crisp
2719:Autumn Glory
2714:Autumn Bough
2636:Table apples
2623:
2616:
2610:
1780:Corn whiskey
1684:Himbeergeist
1537:Kirschwasser
1511:
1299:
997:Pomegranate
891:Marsala wine
886:Madeira wine
777:Simple syrup
772:Fermentation
762:Distillation
598:
589:
573:
568:
559:
556:Food Science
555:
545:
537:
532:
516:
511:
500:
487:
474:
466:
457:
446:
438:
429:
421:
397:
365:
335:
308:
258:cider apples
247:
234:distillation
231:
204:
188:
184:
182:
158:
152:in the 1967
115:
103:
82:
68:
59:fruit brandy
48:
31:
30:
3908:Pollination
3847:Agriculture
3809:Apple juice
3804:Apple cider
3763:Candy apple
3758:Baked apple
3743:Apple sauce
3733:Apple flour
3728:Apple crisp
3540:Brown Snout
3219:Ralls Janet
2994:Gravenstein
2969:Ginger Gold
2443:Star anise
2337:Bénédictine
2297:Irish cream
2033:Aguardiente
1978:Aguardiente
1850:Rye whiskey
1360:Ginger wine
1077:Barley wine
1041:Mulled wine
991:Plum jerkum
961:Lychee wine
951:Longan wine
876:Bokbunja-ju
866:Bignay wine
856:Banana wine
851:Banana beer
725:Bathtub gin
305:"Applejack"
111:apple juice
4001:Categories
3986:Production
3859:Apple scab
3718:Apple chip
3708:Apple cake
3522:Wolf River
3512:Upton Pyne
3477:King Byerd
3339:Tartu Rose
3334:Taliaferro
3309:Summerfree
3279:Sekai Ichi
3194:Pink Pearl
3099:Lady Alice
3014:Honeycrisp
2904:Enterprise
2829:Cripps Red
2744:Bellflower
2502:Limoncello
2437:Triple sec
2412:Eau créole
2382:Irish Mist
2367:Bärenjäger
2322:Frangelico
2252:Cloudberry
2231:Chocolate
2215:Maraschino
1761:Buckwheat
1674:Eau de vie
977:Pineapple
941:Duhat wine
937:Java plum
931:White wine
789:Winemaking
713:Production
538:Moonshine!
280:References
179:Production
142:Manhattans
3976:Cultivars
3928:Russeting
3864:Applecrab
3829:Ice cider
3814:Applejack
3799:Apfelwein
3738:Apple pie
3625:Redstreak
3472:Grenadier
3432:Campanino
3407:Antonovka
3344:Tentation
3329:SweeTango
3314:Sundowner
3289:Splendour
3189:Paula Red
3184:Papirovka
3019:Honeygold
2924:EverCrisp
2869:Dougherty
2859:Discovery
2849:Delrouval
2749:Ben Davis
2487:Cedratine
2452:Sassolino
2422:Cointreau
2342:Brennivín
2318:Hazelnut
2282:Tia Maria
2241:Cinnamon
2225:Pertsivka
2190:Bierlikör
1993:Desi daru
1755:Bierbrand
1649:Tsikoudia
1612:Slivovitz
1512:Applejack
1390:Kabarawan
1366:Galangal
1320:Palm wine
1197:Rice wine
1177:Makgeolli
1112:Oshikundu
1031:Hippocras
916:Rosé wine
906:Port wine
872:Bokbunja
745:Lautering
219:aldehydes
185:applejack
183:The name
55:Jack Rose
51:cocktails
32:Applejack
25:Jack Rose
3923:Reinette
3903:Pearmain
3819:Calvados
3673:Goldspur
3668:Flamenco
3645:Woodcock
3640:Tom Putt
3620:Poveshon
3615:Michelin
3595:Hangdown
3580:Foxwhelp
3565:Dabinett
3555:Coccagee
3412:Bismarck
3209:Pristine
3139:McIntosh
3059:Jonathan
3054:Jonagold
3004:Haralson
2984:Goldspur
2939:Flamenco
2804:Cortland
2774:Champion
2759:Braeburn
2679:Ambrosia
2512:Sloe gin
2507:Schnapps
2472:Licor 43
2468:Vanilla
2462:Charanda
2393:Juniper
2372:Drambuie
2307:Advocaat
2263:Coconut
2200:Patxaran
2139:Anisette
2118:Absinthe
2103:Amaretto
2088:Liqueurs
1953:Lambanog
1861:Sorghum
1800:Cheongju
1654:Tsipouro
1598:Juniper
1572:Armagnac
1517:Calvados
1460:Parakari
1440:Kombucha
1340:Tunggang
1315:Bahalina
1282:Huangjiu
1248:Sorghum
1202:Rượu cần
1167:Gwaha-ju
1102:Tesgüino
1026:Dubonnet
1021:Conditum
1011:Colonche
926:Vermouth
911:Red wine
896:Mistelle
274:Ice beer
268:See also
254:Normandy
250:calvados
211:methanol
3834:Pommeau
3570:Dufflin
3447:Creston
3442:Costard
3422:Bramley
3369:Winston
3364:Winesap
3359:Wealthy
3299:Stayman
3284:Spartan
3149:Melrose
3109:Liberty
3074:Jupiter
3069:Julieta
3064:Jubilee
3049:Jonadel
2944:Florina
2934:Filippa
2724:Baldwin
2689:Annurca
2669:Alkmene
2649:Aia Ilu
2603:Species
2518:Walnut
2482:Campari
2427:Curaçao
2418:Orange
2402:Jenever
2387:Krupnik
2332:Aquavit
2273:Coffee
2245:Tentura
2206:Cherry
2180:Sambuca
2165:Mastika
2149:Hierbas
2123:Anisado
2099:Almond
2048:Horilka
2038:Akvavit
1988:Clairin
1983:Cachaça
1933:Tequila
1810:Lao-Lao
1795:Awamori
1731:Barley
1725:Cereals
1714:Schnaps
1704:Pálinka
1694:Nalewka
1659:Zivania
1592:Zivania
1533:Cherry
1490:Liquors
1356:Ginger
1192:Pangasi
1152:Choujiu
1132:Amazake
1108:Millet
1097:Tejuino
1073:Barley
1067:Cereals
1056:Sangria
981:Tepache
957:Lychee
947:Longan
862:Bignay
847:Banana
740:Malting
735:Brewery
730:Brewing
576:(2015,
368:(1978,
338:(2015,
262:Winesap
190:jacking
173:Toronto
65:History
3966:Apples
3937:Lists
3783:Pectin
3389:Zestar
3324:Suntan
3319:Sunset
3269:Sandow
3199:Pinova
3164:Nicola
3134:Macoun
3024:Idared
3009:Hokuto
2929:Fiesta
2899:Empire
2894:Elstar
2789:Clivia
2729:Beacon
2694:Ariane
2583:Apples
2522:Nocino
2447:Pastis
2377:Glayva
2363:Honey
2357:Unicum
2352:Metaxa
2328:Herbs
2312:Eggnog
2288:Cream
2277:Kahlúa
2267:Malibu
2114:Anise
2058:Shōchū
2053:Poitín
2043:Bangla
2023:Tharra
1964:Dairy
1948:Laksoy
1943:Arrack
1928:Mezcal
1905:Whisky
1900:Shōchū
1890:Baijiu
1865:Baijiu
1855:Starka
1825:Shochu
1815:Lihing
1805:Cholai
1771:Maize
1669:Brandy
1634:Grappa
1629:Chacha
1624:Pomace
1582:Cognac
1577:Brandy
1563:Grape
1557:Boukha
1543:Dates
1508:Apple
1465:Ibwatu
1455:Chicha
1401:Sugar
1376:Honey
1346:Dairy
1305:Pulque
1252:Pendhā
1172:Hariya
1162:Dansul
1142:Beopju
1117:Tongba
1046:Nabidh
921:Sherry
882:Grape
837:Apple
580:
523:
372:
342:
315:
238:brandy
221:, and
215:esters
91:tavern
40:apples
3897:Malus
3824:Cider
3792:Drink
3635:Styre
3610:Major
3354:Topaz
3274:Sansa
3224:Rambo
3214:Rajka
3204:Prima
3154:Mutsu
3144:Melba
3079:Kanzi
2769:Cameo
2764:Brina
2664:Åkerö
2659:Akane
2257:Lakka
2186:Beer
2063:Vodka
2013:Sulai
1998:Guaro
1968:Arkhi
1958:Sotol
1923:Agave
1916:Other
1835:Sulai
1791:Rice
1751:Beer
1709:Rakia
1679:Geist
1644:Orujo
1617:Țuică
1608:Plum
1587:Pisco
1547:Araqi
1502:Fruit
1450:Cauim
1425:Palek
1420:Intus
1405:Kilju
1385:Byais
1370:Byais
1350:Kumis
1335:Tuhak
1293:Other
1242:Kvass
1232:Tapuy
1227:Tapai
1222:Sonti
1187:Mirin
1182:Mijiu
1157:Chuak
1127:Agkud
1123:Rice
1092:Pozol
1087:Mageu
1083:Corn
1051:Pruno
1036:Jabol
1001:Rimon
987:Plum
971:Perry
967:Pear
841:Cider
831:Fruit
755:Yeast
199:Cider
3913:Pome
3696:Food
3507:Rome
3229:Rave
3169:Opal
3119:Lodi
3039:Jazz
2954:Gala
2949:Fuji
2909:Envy
2684:Anna
2541:List
2303:Egg
2175:Rakı
2170:Ouzo
2144:Arak
2018:Sura
1845:Korn
1841:Rye
1830:Soju
1699:Oghi
1639:Marc
1567:Arak
1553:Fig
1527:Feni
1431:Tea
1415:Basi
1395:Mead
1380:Bais
1330:Tubâ
1325:Tuak
1277:Boza
1272:Beer
1238:Rye
1212:Sato
1207:Sake
1147:Brem
750:Wort
578:ISBN
521:ISBN
370:ISBN
340:ISBN
313:ISBN
105:the
2919:Eva
2397:Gin
2003:Rum
1880:Ara
1602:Gin
1267:Ara
1262:Ale
1137:Apo
132:in
97:of
4003::
597:,
560:27
558:.
554:.
465:,
437:,
420:,
405:^
396:,
381:^
351:^
327:^
287:^
264:.
217:,
213:,
167:,
156:.
136:;
61:.
2575:e
2568:t
2561:v
1871:)
1867:(
630:e
623:t
616:v
527:)
376:)
321:.
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