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Anorectic

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with an approximately equal amount for situations, in which fatigue was not deemed to be an acceptable option. Following the war, large amphetamine surpluses were redirected for use on the black and the civilian market. Indeed, amphetamine itself was sold commercially as an appetite suppressant until
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approach. Drinking water prior to each meal may help in appetite suppression. Consumption of 500 mL (18 imp fl oz; 17 US fl oz) of water 30 minutes before meals has been correlated with modest weight loss (1–2 kg; 2.2–4.4 lb) in obese men and women over a
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Mohammadpour, Saba; Amini, Mohammad Reza; Shahinfar, Hossein; Tijani, Aliyu Jibril; Shahavandi, Mahshid; Ghorbaninejad, Parivash; Djafarian, Kurosh; Shab-Bidar, Sakineh (September 2020). "Effects of glucomannan supplementation on weight loss in overweight and obese adults: A systematic review and
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Doig, GS; Simpson, F; Heighes; Bellomo, R; Chesher, D; Caterson, ID; Reade, MC; Harrigan, PWJ (2015-12-01). "Restricted versus continued standard caloric intake during the management of refeeding syndrome in critically ill adults: a randomised, parallel-group, multicentre, single-blind controlled
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resulted in an FDA ban on its inclusion in dietary supplements in 2004. A Federal judge later overturned this ban in 2005 during a challenge by supplement maker Nutraceuticals. It is also debatable as to whether the ephedrine ban had more to do with its use as a
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Abenhaim, Lucien; Moride, Yola; Brenot, François; Rich, Stuart; Benichou, Jacques; Kurz, Xavier; Higenbottam, Tim; Oakley, Celia; Wouters, Emil; Aubier, Michel; Simonneau, Gérald; Bégaud, Bernard (1996).
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Guo, Liping; Yokoyama, Wallace; Chen, Maoshen; Zhong, Fang (November 2021). "Konjac glucomannan molecular and rheological properties that delay gastric emptying and improve the regulation of appetite".
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Wood, Douglas M; Emmett-Oglesby, Michael W (1988). "Substitution and cross-tolerance profiles of anorectic drugs in rats trained to detect the discriminative stimulus properties of cocaine".
69:, eating disorders, and related health concerns. The anorexiant effect can be induced through diverse mechanisms, ranging from hormonal regulation to neural signaling. 1236: 327:, or metabolically stressed because of severe illness. When too much food or liquid nutrition supplement is eaten during the initial four to seven days following a 170:. Several appetite suppressants are based on a mix of natural ingredients, mostly using green tea as its basis, in combination with other plant extracts such as 385: 65:
to create a feeling of fullness or reduce the desire to eat. The understanding of anorexiant effects is crucial in the development of interventions for
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it was outlawed in most parts of the world in the late 1950s because of safety issues. Many amphetamines produce side effects, including
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may cause neurologic, pulmonary, cardiac, neuromuscular, and hematologic symptoms—many of which, if severe enough, may result in death.
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damage associated with pharmaceutical anorectic agents have led to the withdrawal of products from the market. This was the case with
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Refeeding syndrome can occur when someone does not eat for several days at a time usually beginning after 4–5 days with no food.
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Dennis, Elizabeth A.; Dengo, Ana Laura; Comber, Dana L.; Flack, Kyle D.; Savla, Jyoti; Davy, Kevin P.; Davy, Brenda M. (2009).
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who begin to reintroduce normal eating habits after a period of malnutrition may be at increased risk for refeeding syndrome.
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Schubert, Matthew M.; Irwin, Christopher; Seay, Rebekah F.; Clarke, Holly E.; Allegro, Deanne; Desbrow, Ben (December 2017).
690: 1021:"Effect of excessive water intake on body weight, body mass index, body fat, and appetite of overweight female participants" 17: 1296: 681:
Lemke, Thomas L.; Williams, David A., eds. (2012). "Anorexiants as Pharmacologic Agents in the Management of Obesity".
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hydrochloride – USFDA-approved for the treatment of obesity (as a short-term) under the brand name "Desoxyn".
542: 527: 269:(FDA) to request its withdrawal from the market in the United States in 2000, and similar concerns regarding 442:(one of the two components of Fen-phen. Since discontinued to its potential for causing valvulopathies and 556: 290: 266: 2195: 210: 1684: 594:- US FDA approved for the treatment of binge-eating disorder in adults under the brand name "Vyvanse". 473:(in some countries withdrawn from the market because of concerns regarding its cardiovascular effects) 2199: 1544:"The role of leptin and ghrelin in the regulation of food intake and body weight in humans: a review" 1237:"FDA requests the withdrawal of the weight-loss drug Belviq, Belviq XR (lorcaserin) from the market" 2291: 2262: 2062: 1676: 1253: 483: 2456: 2302: 1740: 1321: 1271:"European Medicines Agency recommends withdrawal of benfluorex from the market in European Union" 662: 319:
disturbance which occurs as a result of reinstitution of nutrition in people and animals who are
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are among the hormones involved in appetite control. Additionally, neurotransmitters such as
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in the central nervous system contribute significantly to the regulation of food intake.
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The following drugs are listed as "centrally-acting antiobesity preparations" in the
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Webb GJ, Smith K, Thursby-Pelham F, Smith T, Stroud MA, Da Silva AN (2011).
916: 899: 801:"Amphetamine, past and present – a pharmacological and clinical perspective" 759: 545:
is known to hamper appetite. Amphetamine-Dextroamphetamine is used to treat
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Heal, David J; Smith, Sharon L; Gosden, Jane; Nutt, David J (June 2013).
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Numerous pharmaceutical compounds are marketed as appetite suppressants.
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manufacture rather than health concerns with the ingredient as such.
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Other compounds with known appetite suppressant activity include:
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Handbook of Non Drug Intervention (HANDI) Project Team (2013).
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have been subject to some scientific research as a potential
257:). Likewise, association of the related appetite suppressant 123: 103: 1542:
Klok, M. D.; Jakobsdottir, S.; Drent, M. L. (January 2007).
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and is usually under the trade name "Adderall" or "Mydayis".
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The German and Finnish militaries issued amphetamines (
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Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System
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By contrast, an appetite stimulant is referred to as
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International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition
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The following are listed as appetite depressants by
1463: 798: 719:"The Nazi Death Machine: Hitler's Drugged Soldiers" 285: 1415:"Caffeine, coffee, and appetite control: a review" 1369: 900:"Aminorex to Fen/Phen : An Epidemic Foretold" 486:, an index of medical journal articles and books. 53:, resulting in lower food consumption, leading to 2487: 1471:meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials". 1025:Journal of Natural Science, Biology and Medicine 166:, some appetite suppressants are also available 547:Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) 226:, making prolonged unsupervised use dangerous. 162:Used on a short-term basis clinically to treat 1070:Mehanna HM, Moledina J, Travis J (June 2008). 1725: 1019:Vij, Vinu Ashokkumar; Joshi, Anjalis (2014). 680: 1063: 941:"Pre-meal water consumption for weight loss" 1685:"Anorexiant Agents: Considerations for Use" 710: 1732: 1718: 1617:United States Food and Drug Administration 744:"Benzedrine Sulphate in Clinical Medicine" 246:in the 1960s, and again in the 1990s with 30:For the common meaning of "anorexic", see 1675:at the U.S. National Library of Medicine 1559: 1438: 1241:Center for Drug Evaluation and Researcher 1180: 1095: 1046: 1036: 995: 915: 874: 832: 775: 229: 57:. These substances work by affecting the 1682: 1018: 699: 1696:University of Washington Medical Center 1602: 1596:Center for Drug Evaluation and Research 1212:University Hospitals Bristol and Weston 897: 205:was supplied with more than 72 million 14: 2488: 1338: 716: 1713: 555:sulfate (also known as amfetamine) – 376: 301: 741: 674: 142:), and such drugs are also known as 24: 1112: 932: 197:) to soldiers commonly during the 25: 2507: 1666: 1610:"Desoxyn Prescribing Information" 1561:10.1111/j.1467-789X.2006.00270.x 1346:"Evekeo Prescribing Information" 286:Non-pharmacological alternatives 1683:Mitchell, Kari (January 1997). 1631: 1584: 1535: 1406: 1363: 1314: 1289: 1263: 1247: 1229: 1218: 1197: 1156: 1122:The Lancet Respiratory Medicine 1012: 863:New England Journal of Medicine 717:Ulrich, Andreas (May 6, 2005). 559:-approved for the treatment of 963: 891: 849: 792: 735: 563:under the brand name "Evekeo". 395:(also known as diethylpropion) 174:, found naturally in seaweed. 13: 1: 1521:10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.106894 1431:10.1080/09637486.2017.1320537 1134:10.1016/S2213-2600(15)00418-X 805:Journal of Psychopharmacology 668: 543:Amphetamine-Dextroamphetamine 528:Pyroglutamyl-histidyl-glycine 178:of this class are frequently 748:Postgraduate Medical Journal 617:(brand name Ozempic/Wegovy) 291:Weight loss effects of water 267:Food and Drug Administration 129: 109: 7: 1485:10.1016/j.obmed.2020.100276 945:Australian Family Physician 876:10.1056/NEJM199608293350901 656: 27:Drug which reduces appetite 10: 2512: 742:Bett, W. R. (1946-08-01). 683:Foye's Medicinal Chemistry 305: 157: 124: 104: 29: 2446: 2380: 2362: 2326: 2301: 2278: 2186: 2136: 2006: 1948: 1765: 1756: 1275:European Medicines Agency 331:event, the production of 298:period of 8 to 12 weeks. 1677:Medical Subject Headings 1038:10.4103/0976-9668.136180 817:10.1177/0269881113482532 49:is a drug which reduces 1598:. FDA. August 28, 2023. 917:10.1161/01.cir.99.1.156 898:Fishman, A. P. (1999). 760:10.1136/pgmj.22.250.205 663:Anti-obesity medication 343:in cells may cause low 36:Anti-obesity medication 444:pulmonary hypertension 236:pulmonary hypertension 230:Public health concerns 99:The term is (from the 59:central nervous system 2327:Absorption inhibitors 1214:. Clinical Guideline. 611:as brand name Saxenda 361:electrolyte imbalance 1205:"Refeeding Syndrome" 988:10.1038/oby.2009.235 152:appetite suppressant 18:Appetite suppression 2099:Phenylpropanolamine 1978:Levopropylhexedrine 1950:Adrenergic agonists 1780:4-Methylamphetamine 1692:Drug Therapy Topics 1277:. December 12, 2009 1254:MeSH list of agents 523:Phenylpropanolamine 295:non-pharmacological 259:phenylpropanolamine 234:Epidemics of fatal 186:family, related to 2473:Never to phase III 2398:Desiccated thyroid 2044:Dexmethylphenidate 1741:Antiobesity agents 1643:The Times of India 1509:Food Hydrocolloids 1384:10.1007/BF00181948 1372:Psychopharmacology 1243:. FDA. 2020-02-13. 1182:10.52964/AMJA.0470 377:List of anorectics 347:concentrations of 313:Refeeding syndrome 308:Refeeding syndrome 302:Refeeding syndrome 2483: 2482: 2372:2,4-Dinitrophenol 2305:receptor agonists 2200:glucagon agonists 2132: 2131: 1850:Dimethylcathinone 1845:Dextroamphetamine 692:978-1-60913-345-0 592:Lisdexamphetamine 561:exogenous obesity 424: 369:Individuals with 201:. Similarly, the 67:weight management 63:neurotransmitters 16:(Redirected from 2503: 1900:Lisdexamfetamine 1825:Chlorphentermine 1763: 1762: 1734: 1727: 1720: 1711: 1710: 1706: 1704: 1702: 1689: 1661: 1660: 1658: 1657: 1635: 1629: 1628: 1626: 1624: 1614: 1606: 1600: 1599: 1588: 1582: 1581: 1563: 1539: 1533: 1532: 1503: 1497: 1496: 1473:Obesity Medicine 1467: 1461: 1460: 1442: 1410: 1404: 1403: 1367: 1361: 1360: 1358: 1356: 1350: 1342: 1336: 1335: 1333: 1332: 1318: 1312: 1311: 1309: 1308: 1293: 1287: 1286: 1284: 1282: 1267: 1261: 1251: 1245: 1244: 1233: 1227: 1222: 1216: 1215: 1209: 1201: 1195: 1194: 1184: 1160: 1154: 1153: 1116: 1110: 1109: 1099: 1088:10.1136/bmj.a301 1082:(7659): 1495–8. 1067: 1061: 1060: 1050: 1040: 1016: 1010: 1009: 999: 967: 961: 960: 936: 930: 929: 919: 895: 889: 888: 878: 853: 847: 846: 836: 796: 790: 789: 779: 739: 733: 732: 730: 729: 714: 708: 703: 697: 696: 678: 636:such as heroin, 422: 209:tablets and the 199:Second World War 168:over-the-counter 141: 138: 135: 132: 127: 126: 121: 118: 115: 112: 107: 106: 32:Anorexia nervosa 21: 2511: 2510: 2506: 2505: 2504: 2502: 2501: 2500: 2486: 2485: 2484: 2479: 2478: 2463:Clinical trials 2442: 2376: 2358: 2322: 2304: 2297: 2274: 2198: 2182: 2139: 2128: 2109:Propylhexedrine 2084:Phendimetrazine 2079:Methylphenidate 2039:Dexfenfluramine 2002: 1944: 1915:Norfenfluramine 1910:Methamphetamine 1772:phenethylamines 1770: 1752: 1738: 1700: 1698: 1687: 1669: 1664: 1655: 1653: 1637: 1636: 1632: 1622: 1620: 1619:. December 2013 1612: 1608: 1607: 1603: 1590: 1589: 1585: 1548:Obesity Reviews 1540: 1536: 1504: 1500: 1468: 1464: 1411: 1407: 1368: 1364: 1354: 1352: 1348: 1344: 1343: 1339: 1330: 1328: 1320: 1319: 1315: 1306: 1304: 1295: 1294: 1290: 1280: 1278: 1269: 1268: 1264: 1252: 1248: 1235: 1234: 1230: 1223: 1219: 1207: 1203: 1202: 1198: 1161: 1157: 1128:(12): 943–952. 1117: 1113: 1068: 1064: 1017: 1013: 968: 964: 937: 933: 896: 892: 854: 850: 797: 793: 740: 736: 727: 725: 715: 711: 704: 700: 693: 679: 675: 671: 659: 598:Methamphetamine 567:Methylphenidate 419:Dexfenfluramine 379: 310: 304: 288: 280:methamphetamine 265:stroke led the 232: 160: 139: 136: 133: 119: 116: 113: 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 2509: 2499: 2498: 2481: 2480: 2477: 2476: 2475: 2474: 2471: 2460: 2454: 2448: 2447: 2444: 2443: 2441: 2440: 2435: 2430: 2425: 2420: 2415: 2410: 2405: 2400: 2395: 2390: 2384: 2382: 2378: 2377: 2375: 2374: 2368: 2366: 2360: 2359: 2357: 2356: 2351: 2346: 2341: 2336: 2330: 2328: 2324: 2323: 2321: 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2255: 2252: 2250: 2249:Oxyntomodulin 2247: 2245: 2242: 2240: 2237: 2234: 2231: 2229: 2226: 2224: 2221: 2219: 2216: 2214: 2211: 2209: 2206: 2205: 2203: 2201: 2197: 2193: 2189: 2185: 2179: 2176: 2174: 2171: 2169: 2166: 2164: 2161: 2159: 2156: 2154: 2151: 2149: 2146: 2145: 2143: 2141: 2135: 2125: 2122: 2120: 2117: 2115: 2112: 2110: 2107: 2105: 2102: 2100: 2097: 2095: 2094:Phenmetrazine 2092: 2090: 2087: 2085: 2082: 2080: 2077: 2075: 2072: 2070: 2067: 2064: 2060: 2057: 2055: 2052: 2050: 2047: 2045: 2042: 2040: 2037: 2034: 2030: 2027: 2025: 2022: 2020: 2017: 2015: 2012: 2011: 2009: 2005: 1998: 1994: 1991: 1989: 1986: 1984: 1981: 1979: 1976: 1974: 1971: 1969: 1966: 1964: 1961: 1959: 1956: 1955: 1953: 1951: 1947: 1941: 1938: 1936: 1935:Xylopropamine 1933: 1930: 1926: 1923: 1921: 1918: 1916: 1913: 1911: 1908: 1906: 1903: 1901: 1898: 1896: 1893: 1891: 1888: 1886: 1883: 1881: 1878: 1876: 1873: 1871: 1868: 1866: 1863: 1861: 1858: 1856: 1853: 1851: 1848: 1846: 1843: 1841: 1838: 1836: 1833: 1831: 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Index

Appetite suppression
Anorexia nervosa
Anti-obesity medication
appetite
weight loss
central nervous system
neurotransmitters
weight management
Ghrelin
leptin
peptide YY
serotonin
dopamine
orexigenic
Greek
obesity
over-the-counter
fucoxanthin
Drugs
stimulants
phenethylamine
amphetamine
Pervitin
Second World War
UK military
Benzedrine
US military
addiction
tachycardia
hypertension

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