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Anxiety disorder

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considered a disorder. Separation anxiety disorder affects roughly 7% of adults and 4% of children, but childhood cases tend to be more severe; in some instances, even a brief separation can produce panic. Treating a child earlier may prevent problems. This may include training the parents and family on how to deal with it. Often, the parents will reinforce the anxiety because they do not know how to properly work through it with the child. In addition to parent training and family therapy, medication, such as SSRIs, can be used to treat separation anxiety.
834:, medications and lifestyle changes. There is no clear evidence as to whether therapy or medication is most effective; the specific medication decision can be made by a doctor and patient with consideration for the patient's specific circumstances and symptoms. If, while on treatment with a chosen medication, the person's anxiety does not improve, another medication may be offered. Specific treatments will vary by sub-type of anxiety disorder, a person's other medical conditions, and medications. 327:. Individual disorders can be diagnosed using the specific and unique symptoms, triggering events, and timing of a given person. A medical professional must evaluate a person before diagnosing them with an anxiety disorder to ensure that their anxiety cannot be attributed to another medical illness or mental disorder. It is possible for an individual to have more than one anxiety disorder during their life or to have more than one anxiety disorder at the same time. 45: 356:
making daily decisions and remembering commitments as a result of a lack of concentration and/or preoccupation with worry. A symptom can be a strained appearance, with increased sweating from the hands, feet, and axillae, along with tearfulness, which can suggest depression. Before a diagnosis of anxiety disorder is made, physicians must rule out drug-induced anxiety and other medical causes.
975:(CBT) is a good first-line therapy approach. Studies have gathered substantial evidence for treatments that are not CBT-based as effective forms of treatment, expanding treatment options for those who do not respond to CBT. Although studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of CBT for anxiety disorders in children and adolescents, evidence that it is more effective than 504:, avoidant behaviors, anxiety, anger, and depression. In addition, individuals may experience sleep disturbances. People who have PTSD often try to detach themselves from their friends and family and have difficulty maintaining these close relationships. There are a number of treatments that form the basis of the care plan for those with PTSD; such treatments include 351:
anxiety disorder is "characterized by chronic excessive worry accompanied by three or more of the following symptoms: restlessness, fatigue, concentration problems, irritability, muscle tension, and sleep disturbance". Generalized anxiety disorder is the most common anxiety disorder to affect older adults. Anxiety can be a symptom of a medical or
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people believe anxiety is not a real medical illness; and (2) many people believe that people with anxiety could turn it off if they wanted to. For people experiencing the physical and mental symptoms of an anxiety disorder, stigma and negative social perception can make an individual less likely to seek treatment.
564:(urges to repeatedly perform specific acts or rituals) that are not caused by drugs or physical disorders and which cause anxiety or distress plus (more or less important) functional disabilities. OCD affects roughly 1–2% of adults (somewhat more women than men) and under 3% of children and adolescents. 811:
People with an anxiety disorder may be challenged by prejudices and stereotypes held by other people, most likely as a result of misconceptions around anxiety and anxiety disorders. Misconceptions found in a data analysis from the National Survey of Mental Health Literacy and Stigma include: (1) many
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as fear or discomfort that abruptly arises and peaks in less than ten minutes but can last for several hours. Attacks can be triggered by stress, irrational thoughts, general fear, fear of the unknown, or even when engaging in exercise. However, sometimes the trigger is unclear, and attacks can arise
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are flying, blood, water, highway driving, and tunnels. When people are exposed to their phobia, they may experience trembling, shortness of breath, or rapid heartbeat. People with specific phobias often go to extreme lengths to avoid encountering their phobia. People with specific phobias understand
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Adventure-based counseling can be an effective way to treat anxiety. Using rock-climbing as an example, climbing can often bring on fear or frustration, and tackling these negative feelings in a nurturing environment can help people develop the coping mechanisms necessary to deal with these negative
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therapy. A 2013 review found no effective measures to prevent GAD in adults. A 2017 review found that psychological and educational interventions had a small benefit for the prevention of anxiety. Research indicates that predictors of the emergence of anxiety disorders partly differ from the factors
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It is not certain why some people have OCD, but behavioral, cognitive, genetic, and neurobiological factors may be involved. Risk factors include family history, being single, being of a higher socioeconomic class, or not being in paid employment. Of those with OCD, about 20% of people will overcome
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are often used interchangeably. In clinical usage, they have distinct meanings; anxiety is clinically defined as an unpleasant emotional state for which the cause is either not readily identified or perceived to be uncontrollable or unavoidable, whereas fear is clinically defined as an emotional and
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There is no explicit evidence for the exact cause of stigma towards anxiety. Stigma can be divided by social scale, into the macro, intermediate, and micro levels. The macro-level marks society as a whole with the influence of mass media. The intermediate level includes healthcare professionals and
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in the DSM-V) that results from a traumatic experience. PTSD affects approximately 3.5% of U.S. adults every year, and an estimated one in eleven people will be diagnosed with PTSD in their lifetime. Post-traumatic stress can result from an extreme situation, such as combat, natural disaster, rape,
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problem, and medical professionals must be aware of this. A diagnosis of GAD is made when a person has been excessively worried about an everyday problem for six months or more. These stresses can include family life, work, social life, or their own health. A person may find that they have problems
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is most commonly used when the child will not or cannot verbally communicate due to trauma or a disability in which they are nonverbal. Participating in art activities allows the child to express what they otherwise may not be able to communicate to others. In play therapy, the child is allowed to
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is often used to refer to avoidance behaviors that individuals often develop. For example, following a panic attack while driving, someone with agoraphobia may develop anxiety over driving and will therefore avoid driving. These avoidance behaviors can have serious consequences and often reinforce
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Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a common disorder characterized by long-lasting anxiety that is not focused on any one object or situation. Those with generalized anxiety disorder experience non-specific persistent fear and worry and become overly concerned with everyday matters. Generalized
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Anxiety disorders are the most common type of mental disorder. They affect nearly 30% of adults at some point in their lives, with an estimated 4% of the global population currently experiencing an anxiety disorder. However, anxiety disorders are treatable, and a number of effective treatments are
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by being excessive or persisting beyond developmentally appropriate periods. They differ from transient fear or anxiety, often stress-induced, by being persistent (e.g., typically lasting 6 months or more), although the criterion for duration is intended as a general guide with allowance for some
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The largest category of anxiety disorders is that of specific phobias, which includes all cases in which fear and anxiety are triggered by a specific stimulus or situation. Between 5% and 12% of the population worldwide has specific phobias. According to the National Institute of Mental Health, a
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Anxiety in children tends to manifest along age-appropriate themes, such as fear of going to school (not related to bullying) or not performing well enough at school, fear of social rejection, fear of something happening to loved ones, etc. What separates disordered anxiety from normal childhood
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Numerous questionnaires have been developed for clinical use and can be used for an objective scoring system. Symptoms may vary between each sub-type of generalized anxiety disorder. Generally, symptoms must be present for at least six months, occur more days than not, and significantly impair a
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Separation anxiety disorder (SepAD) is the feeling of excessive and inappropriate levels of anxiety over being separated from a person or place. Separation anxiety is a normal part of development in babies or children, and it is only when this feeling is excessive or inappropriate that it can be
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often manifests specific physical symptoms, including blushing, sweating, rapid heart rate, and difficulty speaking. As with all phobic disorders, those with social anxiety often attempt to avoid the source of their anxiety; in the case of social anxiety, this is particularly problematic, and in
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In addition to recurrent and unexpected panic attacks, a diagnosis of panic disorder requires that said attacks have chronic consequences: either worry over the attacks' potential implications, persistent fear of future attacks, or significant changes in behavior related to the attacks. As such,
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In Europe, Africa, and Asia, lifetime rates of anxiety disorders are between 9 and 16%, and yearly rates are between 4 and 7%. In the United States, the lifetime prevalence of anxiety disorders is about 29%, and between 11 and 18% of adults have the condition in a given year. This difference is
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A person with OCD knows that the symptoms are unreasonable and struggles against both the thoughts and the behavior. Their symptoms could be related to external events they fear, such as their home burning down because they forgot to turn off the stove, or they could worry that they will behave
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can be specific to particular social situations (such as public speaking) or it can be experienced in most or all social situations. Roughly 7% of American adults have social anxiety disorder, and more than 75% of people experience their first symptoms in their childhood or early teenage years.
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Like adults, children can experience anxiety disorders; between 10 and 20 percent of all children will develop a full-fledged anxiety disorder prior to the age of 18, making anxiety the most common mental health issue in young people. Anxiety disorders in children are often more challenging to
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Children are also affected by social anxiety disorder, although their associated symptoms are different from those of teenagers and adults. They may experience difficulty processing or retrieving information, sleep deprivation, disruptive behaviors in class, and irregular class participation.
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phobia is an intense fear of or aversion to specific objects or situations. Individuals with a phobia typically anticipate terrifying consequences from encountering the object of their fear, which can be anything from an animal to a location to a bodily fluid to a particular situation. Common
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such that a person's social, occupational, and personal functions are significantly impaired. Anxiety may cause physical and cognitive symptoms, such as restlessness, irritability, easy fatigue, difficulty concentrating, increased heart rate, chest pain, abdominal pain, and a variety of other
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Lifestyle changes include exercise, for which there is moderate evidence for some improvement, regularizing sleep patterns, reducing caffeine intake, and stopping smoking. Stopping smoking has benefits for anxiety as great as or greater than those of medications. A meta-analysis found
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those with panic disorder experience symptoms even outside of specific panic episodes. Often, normal changes in heartbeat are noticed, leading them to think something is wrong with their heart or they are about to have another panic attack. In some cases, a heightened awareness (
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Medications need to be used with care among older adults, who are more likely to have side effects because of coexisting physical disorders. Adherence problems are more likely among older people, who may have difficulty understanding, seeing, or remembering instructions.
1035:. Gifted children are also often more prone to excessive anxiety than non-gifted children. Other cases of anxiety arise from the child having experienced a traumatic event of some kind, and in some cases, the cause of the child's anxiety cannot be pinpointed. 597:
Testing for selective mutism is important because doctors must determine if it is an issue associated with the child's hearing or movements associated with the jaw or tongue and if the child can understand when others are speaking to them. Generally,
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without warning. To help prevent an attack, one can avoid the trigger. This can mean avoiding places, people, types of behaviors, or certain situations that have been known to cause a panic attack. This being said, not all attacks can be prevented.
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affected by the range of ways in which different cultures interpret anxiety symptoms and what they consider to be normative behavior. In general, anxiety disorders represent the most prevalent psychiatric condition in the United States, outside of
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play however they please as a therapist observes them. The therapist may intercede from time to time with a question, comment, or suggestion. This is often most effective when the family of the child plays a role in the treatment.
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is a form of treatment in which the child meets with a therapist together with the primary guardians and siblings. Each family member may attend individual therapy, but family therapy is typically a form of group therapy. Art and
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can also help with some forms of anxiety in children and adolescents. If the chosen medicine is effective, it is recommended that it be continued for at least a year. Stopping medication results in a greater risk of relapse.
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are effective in treating some anxiety disorders, but there is concern regarding their off-label use due to the lack of strong scientific evidence for their efficacy in multiple conditions and their proven side effects.
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Agoraphobia is a specific anxiety disorder wherein an individual is afraid of being in a place or situation where escape is difficult or embarrassing or where help may be unavailable. Agoraphobia is strongly linked with
3913:"Evidence-based pharmacological treatment of anxiety disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder: a revision of the 2005 guidelines from the British Association for Psychopharmacology" 3866:"Evidence-based pharmacological treatment of anxiety disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder: a revision of the 2005 guidelines from the British Association for Psychopharmacology" 594:. People with selective mutism stay silent even when the consequences of their silence include shame, social ostracism, or even punishment. Selective mutism affects about 0.8% of people at some point in their lives. 5156: 5137: 949:
2000 mg/day or more of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as fish oil, tended to reduce anxiety in placebo-controlled and uncontrolled studies, particularly in people with more significant symptoms.
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or laboratory tests that can diagnose anxiety. It is important for a medical professional to evaluate a person for other medical and mental causes of prolonged anxiety because treatments will vary considerably.
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hostage situations, child abuse, bullying, or even a serious accident. It can also result from long-term (chronic) exposure to a severe stressor— for example, soldiers who endure individual battles but cannot
4115:"Risk of relapse after antidepressant discontinuation in anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder: systematic review and meta-analysis of relapse prevention trials" 433:
and is often precipitated by the fear of having a panic attack. A common manifestation involves needing to be in constant view of a door or other escape route. In addition to the fears themselves, the term
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to treat generalized anxiety disorder. For adults, there is no good evidence supporting which specific medication in the SSRI or SNRI class is best for treating anxiety, so cost often drives drug choice.
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research began with US military veterans of the Vietnam War, as well as natural and non-natural disaster victims. Studies have found the degree of exposure to a disaster to be the best predictor of PTSD.
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inappropriately. The compulsive rituals are personal rules they follow to relieve discomfort, such as needing to verify that the stove is turned off a specific number of times before leaving the house.
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identify than their adult counterparts, owing to the difficulty many parents face in discerning them from normal childhood fears. Likewise, anxiety in children is sometimes misdiagnosed as
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Selective mutism (SM) is a disorder in which a person who is normally capable of speech does not speak in specific situations or to specific people. Selective mutism usually co-exists with
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physiological response to a recognized external threat. The umbrella term 'anxiety disorder' refers to a number of specific disorders that include fears (phobias) and/or anxiety symptoms.
845:(CBT) is effective for anxiety disorders and is a first-line treatment. CBT appears to be equally effective when carried out via the internet compared to sessions completed face-to-face. 1432: 690:
The diagnosis of an anxiety disorder requires first ruling out an underlying medical cause. Diseases that may present similar to an anxiety disorder include certain endocrine diseases (
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person's ability to function in daily life. Symptoms may include: feeling nervous, anxious, or on edge; worrying excessively; difficulty concentrating; restlessness; and irritability.
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Social physique anxiety (SPA) is a sub-type of social anxiety involving concern over the evaluation of one's body by others. SPA is common among adolescents, especially females.
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With panic disorder, a person has brief attacks of intense terror and apprehension, often marked by trembling, shaking, confusion, dizziness, or difficulty breathing. These
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Stigma can be described in three conceptual ways: cognitive, emotional, and behavioral. This allows for differentiation between stereotypes, prejudice, and discrimination.
4063:"Efficacy and acceptability of pharmacological, psychosocial, and brain stimulation interventions in children and adolescents with mental disorders: an umbrella review" 456:(SAD), also known as social phobia, describes an intense fear and avoidance of negative public scrutiny, public embarrassment, humiliation, or social interaction. This 2033: 3213: 5747: 3626:
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655: 410:) of body functioning occurs during panic attacks, wherein any perceived physiological change is interpreted as a possible life-threatening illness (i.e., extreme 4400:"Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Pharmacotherapy for Childhood Anxiety Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis" 359:
In children, GAD may be associated with headaches, restlessness, abdominal pain, and heart palpitations. Typically, it begins around eight to nine years of age.
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Globally, as of 2010, approximately 273 million (4.5% of the population) had an anxiety disorder. It is more common in females (5.2%) than males (2.8%).
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Both therapy and a number of medications have been found to be useful for treating childhood anxiety disorders. Therapy is generally preferred to medication.
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Anxiety in children has a variety of causes; sometimes anxiety is rooted in biology and may be a product of another existing condition, such as
4297:"Association of Use of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids With Changes in Severity of Anxiety Symptoms: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis" 1899: 3657:
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is effective in treating a range of anxiety disorders in children and adolescents. Minor side effects with medications, however, are common.
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The diagnosis of anxiety disorders is made by symptoms, triggers, and a person's personal and family histories. There are no objective
857:-based programs also appear to be effective for managing anxiety disorders. It is unclear if meditation has an effect on anxiety, and 6762: 6034: 5651: 5464: 1025: 3749:
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According to 2011 study, people who high in hypercompetitive traits are at increased risk of both anxiety and depression.
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Several drugs can also cause or worsen anxiety, whether through intoxication, withdrawal, or chronic use. These include
602:(CBT) is the recommended approach for treating selective mutism, but prospective long-term outcome studies are lacking. 5481: 5456: 5291: 4744:"Lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset distributions of DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication" 4007:"Antidepressants in Children and Adolescents: Meta-Review of Efficacy, Tolerability and Suicidality in Acute Treatment" 2004: 819:
their perspectives. The micro-level details the individual's contributions to the process through self-stigmatization.
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that their fear is not proportional to the actual potential danger, but they can still become overwhelmed by it.
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is inconclusive. Like adults, children may undergo psychotherapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy, or counseling.
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Focus is increasing on the prevention of anxiety disorders. There is tentative evidence to support the use of
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are sometimes used to help resolve acute episodes. In 2007, data were sparse for the efficacy of any drug.
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the fear they are caused by. In a severe case of agoraphobia, the person may never leave their home.
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If a medication option is warranted, antidepressants such as SSRIs and SNRIs can be effective.
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Prejudice that some people with mental illness turn against themselves is called self-stigma.
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available. Most people are able to lead normal, productive lives with some form of treatment.
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are second-line treatments for people who do not respond to SSRIs or SNRIs. Pregabalin and
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3364: 3339: 3291: 3266: 3244: 3194: 3180: 3148: 3123: 3104: 2985: 2934: 2909: 2885: 2860: 2771: 2717: 2692: 2638: 2590: 2565: 2534: 2509: 2374: 2357: 2287: 2201: 2176: 2092: 1817: 1687: 1372: 1355: 1254: 976: 747: 699: 670:(SPIN), the Social Phobia Scale (SPS), and the Social Anxiety Questionnaire (SAQ-A30). 93: 6526: 4674: 4361: 4312: 4248:"Change in mental health after smoking cessation: systematic review and meta-analysis" 3232: 2669: 1242: 6720: 6636: 6290: 5815: 5805: 5737: 5663: 5547: 5182: 5104: 5092: 5053: 5018: 4905: 4882: 4847: 4796: 4765: 4722: 4688: 4634: 4576: 4524: 4475: 4429: 4415: 4375: 4326: 4277: 4228: 4193: 4144: 4092: 4038: 3986: 3932: 3885: 3850: 3811: 3762: 3723: 3674: 3639: 3608: 3556: 3507: 3450: 3415: 3369: 3296: 3248: 3236: 3184: 3153: 3139: 3096: 3061: 3020: 2977: 2939: 2890: 2841: 2806: 2802: 2775: 2763: 2722: 2673: 2630: 2595: 2539: 2453: 2379: 2329: 2319: 2279: 2241: 2206: 2128: 2103: 2072: 2013: 2006:
Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and the Family: For Parents with Young Children
1959: 1854: 1821: 1786: 1766: 1679: 1675: 1639: 1614: 1558: 1533: 1505: 1473: 1412: 1377: 1336: 1258: 1246: 1165: 1155: 703: 174: 77: 5256: 5165: 4211:
Choy Y, Fyer AJ, Lipsitz JD (April 2007). "Treatment of specific phobia in adults".
3965:"Antidepressants for children and teenagers: what works for anxiety and depression?" 3944: 3897: 3735: 3686: 3493: 3462: 3212:
Hovenkamp-Hermelink JH, Jeronimus BF, Myroniuk S, Riese H, Schoevers RA (May 2021).
3198: 3108: 3079:
Patel G, Fancher TL (December 2013). "In the clinic. Generalized anxiety disorder".
2642: 2581: 2311: 2291: 1691: 6787: 6772: 6160: 6114: 6082: 5930: 5873: 5636: 5518: 5469: 5416: 5391: 5386: 5343: 5331: 5084: 5045: 5008: 4998: 4874: 4837: 4829: 4788: 4755: 4714: 4678: 4670: 4626: 4603: 4566: 4558: 4514: 4510: 4506: 4465: 4419: 4411: 4365: 4357: 4316: 4308: 4267: 4259: 4220: 4183: 4175: 4134: 4126: 4082: 4074: 4028: 4018: 3972: 3924: 3877: 3838: 3801: 3797: 3793: 3758: 3754: 3713: 3666: 3635: 3631: 3598: 3594: 3590: 3546: 3542: 3538: 3497: 3489: 3442: 3407: 3359: 3351: 3286: 3278: 3228: 3176: 3143: 3135: 3088: 3051: 3012: 2969: 2929: 2921: 2880: 2872: 2833: 2798: 2753: 2712: 2704: 2665: 2622: 2585: 2577: 2529: 2521: 2445: 2369: 2271: 2237: 2233: 2196: 2188: 2157: 2064: 1846: 1813: 1671: 1402: 1367: 1238: 1052: 897:
is effective in treating a range of anxiety disorders in children and adolescents.
581: 368: 324: 150: 66: 6289: 5211: 4470: 4453: 4295:
Su KP, Tseng PT, Lin PY, Okubo R, Chen TY, Chen YW, et al. (September 2018).
3842: 3478:"Cognitive behavioral therapy in anxiety disorders: current state of the evidence" 1150:. Arlington, VA Washington, D.C.: American Psychiatric Association. 2013. p.  6782: 6676: 6656: 6588: 6336: 6294: 6165: 6152: 6099: 6094: 6077: 5957: 5752: 5724: 5525: 5348: 5287: 5237: 5176: 5003: 4718: 4495:"Cognitive behavioural therapy for anxiety disorders in children and adolescents" 2989: 2626: 1103: 937: 933: 865: 695: 572:
it, and symptoms will at least reduce over time for most people (a further 50%).
487:
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was once an anxiety disorder (now moved to
411: 375: 304: 300: 268: 236: 232: 207: 191: 6386: 4742:
Kessler RC, Berglund P, Demler O, Jin R, Merikangas KR, Walters EE (June 2005).
2739: 2418: 2192: 1850: 642:. Other questionnaires combine anxiety and depression measurements, such as the 6902: 6862: 6852: 6321: 6262: 6186: 5995: 5962: 5945: 5935: 4865:
Fricchione G (August 2004). "Clinical practice. Generalized anxiety disorder".
4179: 3977: 3964: 3525:
Pompoli A, Furukawa TA, Imai H, Tajika A, Efthimiou O, Salanti G (April 2016).
2313: 984: 872:
for anxiety disorder in adults found not enough evidence to draw a conclusion.
869: 758: 723: 691: 591: 497: 462: 430: 407: 388: 320: 203: 4760: 4743: 4224: 3670: 3446: 3016: 2973: 2837: 2691:
Zingone F, Swift GL, Card TR, Sanders DS, Ludvigsson JF, Bai JC (April 2015).
2525: 2449: 2275: 2055:
Shalev A, Liberzon I, Marmar C (June 2017). "Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder".
6971: 6857: 6847: 6355: 6306: 5624: 5232: 5187: 5096: 4023: 3928: 3881: 3121: 3056: 3039: 2960:
Bienvenu OJ, Ginsburg GS (December 2007). "Prevention of anxiety disorders".
2925: 2708: 1169: 831: 394: 244: 219: 195: 27:
Cognitive disorder with an excessive, irrational dread of everyday situations
5150: 5146: 3355: 2740:
Molina-Infante J, Santolaria S, Sanders DS, Fernández-Bañares F (May 2015).
1841:
Hazlett-Stevens H (2006). "Agoraphobia". In Fisher JE, O'Donohue WT (eds.).
6951: 6944: 6939: 6683: 6209: 5990: 5542: 5057: 5022: 4947: 4902:
Child and Adolescent Psychopathology: Theoretical and Clinical Implications
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Higa-McMillan CK, Francis SE, Rith-Najarian L, Chorpita BF (3 March 2016).
4433: 4379: 4330: 4281: 4232: 4197: 4148: 4096: 4042: 3936: 3889: 3815: 3766: 3727: 3678: 3643: 3612: 3560: 3511: 3454: 3419: 3373: 3300: 3240: 3157: 3100: 3065: 3024: 2981: 2943: 2894: 2845: 2810: 2767: 2733: 2726: 2677: 2634: 2599: 2543: 2457: 2383: 2333: 2283: 2245: 2210: 2076: 1683: 1381: 1340: 1250: 989: 774: 70: 3411: 2161: 2068: 6897: 6194: 5925: 5656: 5406: 4878: 4451: 3211: 2508:
Oerbeck B, Overgaard KR, Stein MB, Pripp AH, Kristensen H (August 2018).
1791:
Center for the Treatment and Study of Anxiety, University of Pennsylvania
1001: 993: 894: 854: 794: 715: 552:. However, it was classified as such in older versions of the DSM-IV and 435: 423: 316: 240: 163: 158: 99: 687:
degree of flexibility and is sometimes of shorter duration in children.
6830: 6700: 6688: 6641: 6598: 6511: 6204: 6109: 5810: 5535: 5530: 5326: 2693:"Psychological morbidity of celiac disease: A review of the literature" 2425:. Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care. 19 October 2017. 1407: 921: 917: 906: 902: 898: 719: 711: 248: 227: 120: 82: 53: 5129: 4630: 4263: 4130: 4108: 4106: 4078: 3282: 2876: 2758: 2741: 1580:"All About Anxiety Disorders: From Causes to Treatment and Prevention" 1553:
Passer MW, Bremner A, Smith RE, Holt N, Vliek M, Sutherland E (2009).
544:
Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is not an anxiety disorder in the
6464: 6396: 6214: 5673: 5411: 5336: 5206: 5088: 4833: 4562: 3718: 3702:"What mindfulness brings to psychotherapy for anxiety and depression" 3701: 3173:
The Clinician's Guide to Anxiety Sensitivity Treatment and Assessment
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Bremner A, Holt N, Passer M, Smith R, Sutherland E, Vliek M (2009).
1399:
Pharmacological treatment of mental disorders in primary health care
769:(including prescription painkillers and illicit drugs like heroin), 6799: 6199: 5869: 5836: 5762: 4708: 4103: 3577:
Olthuis JV, Watt MC, Bailey K, Hayden JA, Stewart SH (March 2016).
1145:
Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders 5th edition:
958: 762: 743: 199: 116: 62: 4979:"Perfectionism and anxiety: a paradox in intellectual giftedness?" 3044:
Journal of Evidence-Based Complementary & Alternative Medicine
851:
has been found effective for treating PTSD, phobias, OCD and GAD.
658:(PROMIS). Examples of specific anxiety questionnaires include the 6929: 4493:
James AC, James G, Cowdrey FA, Soler A, Choke A (February 2015).
4005:
Boaden K, Tomlinson A, Cortese S, Cipriani A (2 September 2020).
683: 587: 272: 167: 124: 4858: 4818:"Cultural aspects in social anxiety and social anxiety disorder" 1353: 560:(distressing, persistent, and intrusive thoughts or images) and 6767: 5917: 5732: 5251: 5141: 4923: 4921: 2175:
Shear K, Jin R, Ruscio AM, Walters EE, Kessler RC (June 2006).
766: 735: 553: 549: 4112: 4004: 3910: 3863: 3432: 2655: 6354: 5695: 4623:
Humanistic psychotherapies: Handbook of research and practice
2312:
National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health (UK) (2006).
2098:. Washington, D.C.: American Psychiatric Press Inc. pp.  1900:"NIMH Â» Social Anxiety Disorder: More Than Just Shyness" 1319: 1146: 1039:
anxiety is the duration and intensity of the fears involved.
545: 44: 4918: 3656: 271:
characterized by significant and uncontrollable feelings of
5868: 4060: 2788: 861:
appears to be no different from other types of meditation.
679: 457: 276: 4544: 4343: 4245: 4161: 2507: 1530:
Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing: The Craft of Caring
3524: 2510:"Treatment of selective mutism: a 5-year follow-up study" 1949: 4815: 4741: 3780:
Wu H, Yu D, He Y, Wang J, Xiao Z, Li C (February 2015).
3002: 2907: 1329:
European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences
656:
Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System
466:
severe cases, it can lead to complete social isolation.
295:
There are several types of anxiety disorders, including
6556: 6141: 4816:
Hofmann SG, Anu Asnaani MA, Hinton DE (December 2010).
4656: 3576: 3170: 2690: 2615:
Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Obesity
2257: 2255: 4492: 2261: 1760: 1552: 622:
Questionnaires developed for clinical use include the
5286: 5035: 4976: 4621:
Bratton SC, Ray D (2002). "Humanistic play therapy".
4397: 3828: 3625: 2174: 1467: 678:
Anxiety disorders differ from developmentally normal
5119: 4782: 4596:
Australian and New Zealand Journal of Family Therapy
2782: 2566:"Assessment of patient-reported symptoms of anxiety" 2252: 2054: 1843:
Practitioner's Guide to Evidence-Based Psychotherapy
957:
As of 2019, there is little evidence for the use of
932:
In general, medications are not seen as helpful for
4458:
Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology
2649: 2223: 5304: 2901: 2742:"Systematic review: noncoeliac gluten sensitivity" 1282:. U.S. National Institutes of Health. March 2016. 1089: 3260: 3258: 2559: 2557: 2555: 2553: 2435: 1661: 1608: 1315: 1313: 1311: 1309: 1307: 1305: 1303: 1301: 476: 6969: 5713: 4652: 4650: 4447: 4445: 4443: 3782:"Morita therapy for anxiety disorders in adults" 2959: 2823: 2684: 2147: 1958:. Oxford University Press. pp. 55–75 (56). 1229:Craske MG, Stein MB (December 2016). "Anxiety". 801: 533: 496:with continuous combat. Common symptoms include 280:symptoms that may vary based on the individual. 119:, poor quality of life, substance use disorder, 4593: 4294: 4210: 4056: 4054: 4052: 3333: 3331: 2038:Psychologie Anglophone, Cours de Madame Lacroix 1840: 773:(such as caffeine, cocaine, and amphetamines), 339: 6486: 4000: 3998: 3996: 3255: 2550: 2351: 2349: 2347: 2345: 2343: 1950:Ginis KM, Bassett-Gunter RL, Conlin C (2012). 1736:U.S. Department of Health & Human Services 1298: 518: 6542: 5272: 5248:Support Group Providers for Anxiety disorder 4713:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 6–68. 4647: 4440: 3312: 3310: 2859:Wen MC, Chan LL, Tan LC, Tan EK (June 2016). 2858: 2413: 2411: 2402:ICD-11 for Mortality and Morbidity Statistics 2125:How Children Develop, Exploring Child Develop 1763:Psychology: The Science of Mind and Behaviour 1657: 1655: 1557:. 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Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 109. 1491: 1489: 1406: 1393: 1391: 1371: 1270: 1268: 1201: 1184:"Anxiety disorders – Symptoms and causes" 673: 6763:Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder 6439:Disorganized (hebephrenic) schizophrenia 6035:Depersonalization-derealization disorder 5241:) is being considered for deletion. See 4386: 3857: 3264: 3093:10.7326/0003-4819-159-11-201312030-01006 2950: 2697:United European Gastroenterology Journal 1845:. Boston, MA: Springer. pp. 24–34. 1810:Origins of Phobias and Anxiety Disorders 1577: 1026:attention deficit hyperactivity disorder 4948:"Anxiety and Autism Spectrum Disorders" 4535: 3337: 2612: 2217: 2122: 1613:. Oxford University Press. p. 75. 1347: 1139: 1137: 1135: 1133: 1058:List of people with an anxiety disorder 14: 6970: 3650: 3567: 3031: 2996: 2473:"The Child Who Would Not Speak a Word" 2355: 1807: 1527: 1486: 1388: 1265: 1131: 1129: 1127: 1125: 1123: 1121: 1119: 1117: 1115: 1113: 1087: 849:Exposure and response prevention (ERP) 489:trauma- and stressor-related disorders 6893:Psychological effects of Internet use 6530: 6485: 6353: 6288: 6140: 5867: 5712: 5622: 5442: 5303: 5260: 5071:Swab RG, Johnson PD (February 2019). 5050:10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.032408.153628 4899: 3962: 2470: 1609:Gelder MG, Mayou R, Geddes J (2005). 1590:from the original on 17 February 2016 943: 648:Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale 5623: 5038:Annual Review of Clinical Psychology 3699: 3693: 3475: 2398:"6B20 Obsessive-compulsive disorder" 1906:. U.S. National Institutes of Health 1712:. U.S. National Institutes of Health 738:), and brain degenerative diseases ( 706:), deficiency states (low levels of 6558:Digital media use and mental health 6142:Physiological and physical behavior 5226:WHO fact sheet on anxiety disorders 4945: 4867:The New England Journal of Medicine 4155: 3400:The New England Journal of Medicine 2057:The New England Journal of Medicine 1926:"Managing Anxiety in the Classroom" 1401:. World Health Organization. 2009. 1110: 734:), heart diseases, blood diseases ( 575: 362: 24: 6088:Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures 5482:Emotional and behavioral disorders 5077:Journal of Organizational Behavior 4952:Indiana Resource Center for Autism 4793:10.1016/B978-0-12-394427-6.00006-6 4608:10.1002/j.1467-8438.1999.tb00358.x 3482:Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience 3181:10.1016/B978-0-12-813495-5.00008-5 3038:Sharma M, Rush SE (October 2014). 2962:International Review of Psychiatry 2570:Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience 2226:The American Journal of Psychiatry 2181:The American Journal of Psychiatry 1818:10.1016/B978-0-08-044032-3.X5000-X 1578:Bhandari S, ed. (7 January 2023). 1091:"So, what does 'The Scream' mean?" 210:use; withdrawal from certain drugs 25: 6989: 6920:Smartphones and pedestrian safety 6805:Narcissistic personality disorder 6268:Hypoactive sexual desire disorder 5245:to help reach a consensus. â€ş 5115: 4958:from the original on 11 June 2015 4313:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.2327 2968:(6). Abingdon, England: 647–654. 2791:Journal of Psychosomatic Research 2658:Journal of Psychosomatic Research 2012:. Veterans Affairs Canada. 2006. 1797:from the original on 27 May 2015. 1286:from the original on 27 July 2016 1063:Mixed anxiety–depressive disorder 382: 6883:Mobile phones and driving safety 6841:2021 Facebook company files leak 5568:X-linked intellectual disability 5064: 5029: 4970: 4939: 4893: 4416:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2017.3036 3140:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2017.2509 2803:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2016.06.001 1676:10.2165/00148581-200911030-00003 1455:American Psychiatric Association 798:that predict their persistence. 664:Social Interaction Anxiety Scale 6652:Computer-mediated communication 5397:Intermittent explosive disorder 5322:Ego-dystonic sexual orientation 4776: 4735: 4614: 4587: 4486: 4337: 4239: 4204: 3822: 3773: 3742: 3619: 3518: 3469: 3426: 3164: 3115: 3072: 2501: 2483: 2464: 2429: 2390: 2358:"Obsessive compulsive disorder" 2168: 2141: 2116: 2083: 2048: 1997: 1972: 1943: 1918: 1892: 1867: 1834: 1801: 1779: 1754: 1724: 1706:"NIMH Â» Anxiety Disorders" 1698: 1627: 1571: 1546: 1461: 1443: 1007: 961:in treating anxiety disorders. 556:. OCD manifests in the form of 283:In casual discourse, the words 6040:Dissociative identity disorder 5305:Adult personality and behavior 4748:Archives of General Psychiatry 4511:10.1002/14651858.CD004690.pub4 3798:10.1002/14651858.CD008619.pub2 3759:10.1002/14651858.CD004998.pub2 3636:10.1002/14651858.CD005330.pub4 3595:10.1002/14651858.CD011565.pub2 3543:10.1002/14651858.CD011004.pub2 2826:Journal of Affective Disorders 2564:Rose M, Devine J (June 2014). 2238:10.1176/appi.ajp.2014.13101337 1425: 1176: 1081: 879: 722:), gastrointestinal diseases ( 660:Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale 636:Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale 628:Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 512:Post-traumatic stress disorder 483:Post-traumatic stress disorder 477:Post-traumatic stress disorder 417: 13: 1: 6751:Obsessive–compulsive disorder 5230: 4675:10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61729-2 4471:10.1080/15374416.2015.1046177 4362:10.1016/S2215-0366(19)30401-8 3917:Journal of Psychopharmacology 3870:Journal of Psychopharmacology 3843:10.1080/15325024.2021.1946303 3494:10.31887/DCNS.2011.13.4/cotte 3265:Corrigan PW (February 2016). 3233:10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30433-8 2865:European Journal of Neurology 2670:10.1016/S0022-3999(02)00417-8 2582:10.31887/DCNS.2014.16.2/mrose 2094:Posttraumatic Stress Disorder 1765:. Berkshire UK: McGraw-Hill. 1451:"What are Anxiety Disorders?" 1243:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30381-6 1074: 802:Perception and discrimination 784: 728:non-celiac gluten sensitivity 644:Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale 640:Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale 624:State-Trait Anxiety Inventory 540:Obsessive–compulsive disorder 534:Obsessive–compulsive disorder 6908:Social aspects of television 6746:Generalized anxiety disorder 6606:Problematic social media use 6444:Pseudoneurotic schizophrenia 5981:Generalized anxiety disorder 5714:Neurological and symptomatic 5359:Sexual relationship disorder 5004:10.1371/journal.pone.0041043 4719:10.1017/CBO9780511777578.004 4551:Health Technology Assessment 3338:Rössler W (September 2016). 3318:"Stigma relating to anxiety" 2627:10.1097/MED.0b013e32830eb84c 973:Cognitive behavioral therapy 843:Cognitive behavioral therapy 825: 791:cognitive behavioral therapy 652:Patient Health Questionnaire 605: 600:cognitive behavioral therapy 506:cognitive behavioral therapy 346:Generalized anxiety disorder 340:Generalized anxiety disorder 297:generalized anxiety disorder 7: 6579:Internet addiction disorder 6220:REM sleep behavior disorder 5689:Seasonal affective disorder 5487:Separation anxiety disorder 3081:Annals of Internal Medicine 2193:10.1176/ajp.2006.163.6.1074 1851:10.1007/978-0-387-28370-8_2 1045: 952: 525:Separation anxiety disorder 519:Separation anxiety disorder 313:separation anxiety disorder 10: 6994: 6667:Human–computer interaction 6594:Problematic smartphone use 6487:Symptoms and uncategorized 5588:developmental disabilities 5354:Sexual maturation disorder 4213:Clinical Psychology Review 4180:10.1038/s41380-021-01386-6 3978:10.3310/nihrevidence_53342 3831:Journal of Loss and Trauma 3659:Current Psychiatry Reports 3435:Clinical Psychology Review 3005:Clinical Psychology Review 2438:Clinical Psychology Review 2356:Soomro GM (January 2012). 1088:Aspden P (20 April 2012). 830:Treatment options include 732:inflammatory bowel disease 579: 537: 522: 480: 446: 421: 386: 366: 343: 6813: 6731: 6624: 6564: 6492: 6481: 6457: 6449:Simple-type schizophrenia 6426: 6418:Schizophreniform disorder 6395: 6374: 6370: 6349: 6302: 6284: 6253: 6230: 6184: 6151: 6147: 6136: 6058: 6025: 5973: 5916: 5907: 5888: 5884: 5863: 5829: 5796:Mild cognitive impairment 5781:Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease 5761: 5723: 5719: 5708: 5679:Major depressive disorder 5632: 5618: 5584:Psychological development 5583: 5558: 5455: 5451: 5438: 5367: 5314: 5310: 5299: 5197: 5123: 4904:. 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Taylor & Francis. 1033:autism spectrum disorder 838:Psychological techniques 702:), metabolic disorders ( 334: 180:Psychological assessment 6756:Social anxiety disorder 6589:Online problem gambling 6434:Childhood schizophrenia 5786:Frontotemporal dementia 5743:High-functioning autism 5560:Intellectual disability 4557:(38): 1–184, vii–viii. 4011:Frontiers in Psychiatry 3356:10.15252/embr.201643041 1954:. In Acevedo EO (ed.). 965:Treatments for children 668:Social Phobia Inventory 454:Social anxiety disorder 449:Social anxiety disorder 443:Social anxiety disorder 309:social anxiety disorder 6913:Television consumption 6868:Evolution of cognition 6793:Body image disturbance 6734:psychiatric conditions 6662:Engineering psychology 6584:Internet sex addiction 6565:Proposed or recognised 5951:Specific social phobia 5842:Organic brain syndrome 5684:Melancholic depression 5445:Childhood and learning 4822:Depression and Anxiety 4350:The Lancet. Psychiatry 3706:Depression and Anxiety 3221:The Lancet. Psychiatry 1738:. 2017. Archived from 1634:Varcarolis EM (2010). 1018:substance use disorder 674:Differential diagnosis 632:Beck Anxiety Inventory 353:substance use disorder 187:Differential diagnosis 6957:Texting while driving 6888:Promotion of anorexia 6873:Evolutionary mismatch 6836:Criticism of Facebook 6567:diagnostic categories 6507:Psychomotor agitation 6297:and substance-related 6240:Postpartum depression 6120:Somatization disorder 6006:Acute stress reaction 5771:AIDS dementia complex 3412:10.1056/nejmcp1502514 2916:(Systematic Review). 2828:(Systematic Review). 2793:(Systematic Review). 2748:(Systematic Review). 2660:(Systematic Review). 2362:BMJ Clinical Evidence 2162:10.1176/pn.41.13.0030 2069:10.1056/NEJMra1612499 1930:Mental Health America 1879:Mental Health America 761:, tobacco, cannabis, 6826:Behavioral modernity 6821:Behavioral addiction 6647:Cognitive ergonomics 6632:Digital anthropology 6625:Disciplines involved 6616:Video game addiction 6611:Television addiction 6502:KlĂĽver–Bucy syndrome 6332:Substance dependence 6245:Postpartum psychosis 5791:Huntington's disease 5573:Lujan–Fryns syndrome 5422:Personality disorder 4879:10.1056/NEJMcp022342 4787:. pp. 141–158. 4625:. pp. 369–402. 4168:Molecular Psychiatry 3700:Lang AJ (May 2013). 3175:. pp. 145–178. 2090:Fullerton C (1997). 1237:(10063): 3048–3059. 752:Huntington's disease 121:alcohol use disorder 6878:Fear of missing out 6382:Delusional disorder 6327:Stimulant psychosis 6317:Physical dependence 6171:Rumination syndrome 6073:Conversion disorder 6050:Psychogenic amnesia 5900:with depressed mood 5898:Adjustment disorder 5801:Parkinson's disease 5776:Alzheimer's disease 5669:Atypical depression 5505:Social functioning 5380:Munchausen syndrome 5375:Factitious disorder 4995:2012PLoSO...741043G 4669:(9859): 2163–2196. 2123:Siegler RS (2006). 2044:on 4 December 2008. 1433:"Anxiety disorders" 1276:"Anxiety Disorders" 740:Parkinson's disease 397:are defined by the 218:Lifestyle changes, 87:clinical psychology 6574:Computer addiction 6401:schizophrenia-like 6045:Dissociative fugue 5494:Movement disorders 5198:External resources 4258:(feb13 1): g1151. 2914:Multiple Sclerosis 2491:"Selective Mutism" 2477:The New York Times 2423:InformedHealth.org 1808:Craske MG (2003). 1335:(Suppl 1): 86–99. 981:wait list controls 977:treatment as usual 944:Lifestyle and diet 748:multiple sclerosis 700:hyperprolactinemia 166:, family history, 6978:Anxiety disorders 6965: 6964: 6637:Digital sociology 6524: 6523: 6520: 6519: 6477: 6476: 6473: 6472: 6345: 6344: 6280: 6279: 6276: 6275: 6132: 6131: 6128: 6127: 6021: 6020: 5859: 5858: 5855: 5854: 5816:Vascular dementia 5738:Asperger syndrome 5704: 5703: 5614: 5613: 5610: 5609: 5548:Tourette syndrome 5434: 5433: 5430: 5429: 5221: 5220: 4911:978-1-58391-834-0 4828:(12): 1117–1127. 4802:978-0-12-394427-6 4728:978-0-511-77757-8 4711:Anxiety Disorders 4640:978-1-55798-787-7 4631:10.1037/10439-012 4410:(11): 1049–1056. 4301:JAMA Network Open 4264:10.1136/bmj.g1151 4131:10.1136/bmj.j3927 4079:10.1002/wps.20881 3406:(21): 2059–2068. 3283:10.1002/wps.20295 3190:978-0-12-813495-5 3134:(10): 1021–1029. 2877:10.1111/ene.13002 2759:10.1111/apt.13155 2325:978-1-85433-430-5 2134:978-0-7167-6113-6 2109:978-0-88048-751-1 2063:(25): 2459–2469. 2019:978-0-662-42627-1 1965:978-0-19-993074-6 1860:978-0-387-28369-2 1827:978-0-08-044032-3 1772:978-0-07-711836-5 1645:978-1-4377-1783-9 1620:978-0-19-852863-0 1564:978-0-07-711836-5 1539:978-0-340-81026-2 1528:Barker P (2003). 1498:Psychiatric Times 1479:978-1-4292-3719-2 1418:978-92-4-154769-7 1161:978-0-89042-555-8 979:, medication, or 265:Anxiety disorders 262: 261: 175:Diagnostic method 32:Medical condition 16:(Redirected from 6985: 6788:Anorexia nervosa 6773:Bipolar disorder 6741:Anxiety disorder 6551: 6544: 6537: 6528: 6527: 6483: 6482: 6372: 6371: 6351: 6350: 6286: 6285: 6161:Anorexia nervosa 6149: 6148: 6138: 6137: 6115:Psychogenic pain 6083:Globus pharyngis 5931:Childhood phobia 5914: 5913: 5886: 5885: 5865: 5864: 5721: 5720: 5710: 5709: 5620: 5619: 5519:Selective mutism 5470:Conduct disorder 5453: 5452: 5440: 5439: 5417:Trichotillomania 5392:Gender dysphoria 5387:Fear of intimacy 5344:Sexual anhedonia 5312: 5311: 5301: 5300: 5288:Mental disorders 5281: 5274: 5267: 5258: 5257: 5121: 5120: 5109: 5108: 5089:10.1002/job.2340 5068: 5062: 5061: 5033: 5027: 5026: 5016: 5006: 4974: 4968: 4967: 4965: 4963: 4943: 4937: 4936: 4925: 4916: 4915: 4900:Essau C (2006). 4897: 4891: 4890: 4862: 4856: 4855: 4845: 4834:10.1002/da.20759 4813: 4807: 4806: 4780: 4774: 4773: 4763: 4739: 4733: 4732: 4706: 4697: 4696: 4686: 4654: 4645: 4644: 4618: 4612: 4611: 4591: 4585: 4584: 4574: 4563:10.3310/hta19380 4542: 4533: 4532: 4522: 4490: 4484: 4483: 4473: 4449: 4438: 4437: 4427: 4395: 4384: 4383: 4373: 4356:(12): 995–1010. 4341: 4335: 4334: 4324: 4292: 4286: 4285: 4275: 4243: 4237: 4236: 4208: 4202: 4201: 4191: 4174:(3): 1339–1349. 4159: 4153: 4152: 4142: 4110: 4101: 4100: 4090: 4067:World Psychiatry 4058: 4047: 4046: 4036: 4026: 4002: 3991: 3990: 3980: 3960: 3949: 3948: 3908: 3902: 3901: 3861: 3855: 3854: 3826: 3820: 3819: 3809: 3777: 3771: 3770: 3746: 3740: 3739: 3721: 3719:10.1002/da.22081 3697: 3691: 3690: 3654: 3648: 3647: 3623: 3617: 3616: 3606: 3574: 3565: 3564: 3554: 3522: 3516: 3515: 3505: 3473: 3467: 3466: 3430: 3424: 3423: 3395: 3378: 3377: 3367: 3350:(9): 1250–1253. 3335: 3326: 3325: 3314: 3305: 3304: 3294: 3271:World Psychiatry 3262: 3253: 3252: 3218: 3209: 3203: 3202: 3168: 3162: 3161: 3151: 3119: 3113: 3112: 3076: 3070: 3069: 3059: 3035: 3029: 3028: 3000: 2994: 2993: 2957: 2948: 2947: 2937: 2905: 2899: 2898: 2888: 2871:(6): 1001–1019. 2856: 2850: 2849: 2821: 2815: 2814: 2786: 2780: 2779: 2761: 2737: 2731: 2730: 2720: 2688: 2682: 2681: 2664:(6): 1053–1060. 2653: 2647: 2646: 2610: 2604: 2603: 2593: 2561: 2548: 2547: 2537: 2505: 2499: 2498: 2487: 2481: 2480: 2468: 2462: 2461: 2433: 2427: 2426: 2415: 2406: 2405: 2394: 2388: 2387: 2377: 2353: 2338: 2337: 2309: 2296: 2295: 2259: 2250: 2249: 2221: 2215: 2214: 2204: 2187:(6): 1074–1083. 2172: 2166: 2165: 2150:Psychiatric News 2145: 2139: 2138: 2120: 2114: 2113: 2097: 2087: 2081: 2080: 2052: 2046: 2045: 2040:. 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Disorder 6993: 6992: 6988: 6987: 6986: 6984: 6983: 6982: 6968: 6967: 6966: 6961: 6809: 6783:Eating disorder 6733: 6727: 6677:Neuroergonomics 6657:Cyberpsychology 6620: 6566: 6560: 6555: 6525: 6516: 6488: 6469: 6453: 6422: 6400: 6391: 6366: 6341: 6298: 6295:substance abuse 6272: 6249: 6226: 6180: 6166:Bulimia nervosa 6143: 6124: 6100:Hypochondriasis 6095:False pregnancy 6078:Ganser syndrome 6060:Somatic symptom 6054: 6017: 5969: 5958:Specific phobia 5903: 5880: 5851: 5825: 5757: 5753:Savant syndrome 5725:Autism spectrum 5715: 5700: 5628: 5606: 5585: 5579: 5554: 5447: 5426: 5402:Dermatillomania 5363: 5349:Sexual anorexia 5306: 5295: 5285: 5246: 5222: 5217: 5216: 5193: 5192: 5132: 5118: 5113: 5112: 5069: 5065: 5034: 5030: 4975: 4971: 4961: 4959: 4944: 4940: 4927: 4926: 4919: 4912: 4898: 4894: 4863: 4859: 4814: 4810: 4803: 4781: 4777: 4740: 4736: 4729: 4707: 4700: 4655: 4648: 4641: 4619: 4615: 4592: 4588: 4543: 4536: 4505:(2): CD004690. 4491: 4487: 4450: 4441: 4404:JAMA Pediatrics 4396: 4387: 4342: 4338: 4293: 4289: 4244: 4240: 4209: 4205: 4160: 4156: 4111: 4104: 4059: 4050: 4003: 3994: 3961: 3952: 3909: 3905: 3862: 3858: 3827: 3823: 3792:(2): CD008619. 3778: 3774: 3753:(1): CD004998. 3747: 3743: 3698: 3694: 3655: 3651: 3630:(9): CD005330. 3624: 3620: 3589:(3): CD011565. 3575: 3568: 3537:(4): CD011004. 3523: 3519: 3476:Otte C (2011). 3474: 3470: 3431: 3427: 3396: 3381: 3336: 3329: 3316: 3315: 3308: 3263: 3256: 3216: 3210: 3206: 3191: 3169: 3165: 3128:JAMA Psychiatry 3120: 3116: 3077: 3073: 3036: 3032: 3001: 2997: 2958: 2951: 2906: 2902: 2857: 2853: 2822: 2818: 2787: 2783: 2738: 2734: 2689: 2685: 2654: 2650: 2611: 2607: 2562: 2551: 2520:(8): 997–1009. 2506: 2502: 2489: 2488: 2484: 2469: 2465: 2434: 2430: 2417: 2416: 2409: 2396: 2395: 2391: 2354: 2341: 2326: 2310: 2299: 2260: 2253: 2222: 2218: 2173: 2169: 2146: 2142: 2135: 2121: 2117: 2110: 2088: 2084: 2053: 2049: 2032: 2031: 2027: 2020: 2009: 2003: 2002: 1998: 1988: 1986: 1980:"What Is PTSD?" 1978: 1977: 1973: 1966: 1948: 1944: 1934: 1932: 1924: 1923: 1919: 1909: 1907: 1898: 1897: 1893: 1883: 1881: 1873: 1872: 1868: 1861: 1839: 1835: 1828: 1806: 1802: 1785: 1784: 1780: 1773: 1759: 1755: 1745: 1743: 1730: 1729: 1725: 1715: 1713: 1704: 1703: 1699: 1660: 1653: 1646: 1632: 1628: 1621: 1607: 1603: 1593: 1591: 1576: 1572: 1565: 1551: 1547: 1540: 1526: 1517: 1494: 1487: 1480: 1466: 1462: 1449: 1448: 1444: 1431: 1430: 1426: 1419: 1397: 1396: 1389: 1352: 1348: 1324: 1318: 1299: 1289: 1287: 1274: 1273: 1266: 1227: 1202: 1192: 1190: 1182: 1181: 1177: 1162: 1143: 1142: 1111: 1096:Financial Times 1086: 1082: 1077: 1072: 1048: 1010: 992:are also used. 967: 955: 946: 938:benzodiazepines 882: 866:Cochrane review 840: 828: 809: 804: 787: 696:hyperthyroidism 676: 654:(PHQ), and the 608: 584: 578: 542: 536: 527: 521: 485: 479: 451: 445: 426: 420: 412:hypochondriasis 391: 385: 371: 365: 348: 342: 337: 305:specific phobia 301:hypochondriasis 267:are a group of 237:antidepressants 233:Benzodiazepines 192:Hyperthyroidism 134:15–35 years old 100:fast heart rate 33: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 6991: 6981: 6980: 6963: 6962: 6960: 6959: 6954: 6949: 6948: 6947: 6937: 6932: 6927: 6922: 6917: 6916: 6915: 6910: 6905: 6903:Binge-watching 6895: 6890: 6885: 6880: 6875: 6870: 6865: 6863:Digital zombie 6860: 6855: 6853:Cyberpathology 6850: 6845: 6844: 6843: 6833: 6828: 6823: 6817: 6815: 6814:Related topics 6811: 6810: 6808: 6807: 6802: 6797: 6796: 6795: 6790: 6780: 6775: 6770: 6765: 6760: 6759: 6758: 6753: 6748: 6737: 6735: 6729: 6728: 6726: 6725: 6724: 6723: 6718: 6713: 6708: 6698: 6697: 6696: 6686: 6681: 6680: 6679: 6674: 6669: 6664: 6659: 6654: 6649: 6639: 6634: 6628: 6626: 6622: 6621: 6619: 6618: 6613: 6608: 6603: 6602: 6601: 6591: 6586: 6581: 6576: 6570: 6568: 6562: 6561: 6554: 6553: 6546: 6539: 6531: 6522: 6521: 6518: 6517: 6515: 6514: 6509: 6504: 6499: 6493: 6490: 6489: 6479: 6478: 6475: 6474: 6471: 6470: 6468: 6467: 6461: 6459: 6455: 6454: 6452: 6451: 6446: 6441: 6436: 6430: 6428: 6424: 6423: 6421: 6420: 6415: 6410: 6404: 6402: 6393: 6392: 6390: 6389: 6384: 6378: 6376: 6368: 6367: 6347: 6346: 6343: 6342: 6340: 6339: 6334: 6329: 6324: 6322:Rebound effect 6319: 6314: 6309: 6303: 6300: 6299: 6282: 6281: 6278: 6277: 6274: 6273: 6271: 6270: 6265: 6263:Hypersexuality 6259: 6257: 6251: 6250: 6248: 6247: 6242: 6236: 6234: 6228: 6227: 6225: 6224: 6223: 6222: 6217: 6212: 6202: 6197: 6191: 6189: 6182: 6181: 6179: 6178: 6173: 6168: 6163: 6157: 6155: 6145: 6144: 6134: 6133: 6130: 6129: 6126: 6125: 6123: 6122: 6117: 6112: 6107: 6102: 6097: 6092: 6091: 6090: 6085: 6080: 6070: 6064: 6062: 6056: 6055: 6053: 6052: 6047: 6042: 6037: 6031: 6029: 6023: 6022: 6019: 6018: 6016: 6015: 6014: 6013: 6008: 5998: 5996:Panic disorder 5993: 5988: 5983: 5977: 5975: 5971: 5970: 5968: 5967: 5966: 5965: 5963:Claustrophobia 5955: 5954: 5953: 5948: 5946:Anthropophobia 5938: 5936:Social anxiety 5933: 5928: 5922: 5920: 5911: 5905: 5904: 5902: 5901: 5894: 5892: 5882: 5881: 5861: 5860: 5857: 5856: 5853: 5852: 5850: 5849: 5844: 5839: 5833: 5831: 5827: 5826: 5824: 5823: 5818: 5813: 5808: 5806:Pick's disease 5803: 5798: 5793: 5788: 5783: 5778: 5773: 5767: 5765: 5759: 5758: 5756: 5755: 5750: 5745: 5740: 5735: 5729: 5727: 5717: 5716: 5706: 5705: 5702: 5701: 5699: 5698: 5693: 5692: 5691: 5686: 5681: 5676: 5671: 5661: 5660: 5659: 5654: 5649: 5644: 5633: 5630: 5629: 5616: 5615: 5612: 5611: 5608: 5607: 5605: 5604: 5599: 5593: 5591: 5581: 5580: 5578: 5577: 5576: 5575: 5564: 5562: 5556: 5555: 5553: 5552: 5551: 5550: 5540: 5539: 5538: 5533: 5523: 5522: 5521: 5516: 5511: 5503: 5502: 5501: 5491: 5490: 5489: 5479: 5478: 5477: 5467: 5461: 5459: 5449: 5448: 5436: 5435: 5432: 5431: 5428: 5427: 5425: 5424: 5419: 5414: 5409: 5404: 5399: 5394: 5389: 5384: 5383: 5382: 5371: 5369: 5365: 5364: 5362: 5361: 5356: 5351: 5346: 5341: 5340: 5339: 5334: 5324: 5318: 5316: 5308: 5307: 5297: 5296: 5292:Classification 5284: 5283: 5276: 5269: 5261: 5255: 5254: 5228: 5219: 5218: 5215: 5214: 5202: 5201: 5199: 5195: 5194: 5191: 5190: 5179: 5168: 5153: 5133: 5128: 5127: 5125: 5124:Classification 5117: 5116:External links 5114: 5111: 5110: 5083:(2): 147–165. 5063: 5044:(1): 311–341. 5028: 4969: 4938: 4933:Anxiety Canada 4917: 4910: 4892: 4873:(7): 675–682. 4857: 4808: 4801: 4785:Social Anxiety 4775: 4754:(6): 593–602. 4734: 4727: 4698: 4646: 4639: 4613: 4586: 4534: 4485: 4439: 4385: 4336: 4307:(5): e182327. 4287: 4238: 4219:(3): 266–286. 4203: 4154: 4102: 4073:(2): 244–275. 4048: 3992: 3950: 3923:(5): 403–439. 3903: 3876:(5): 403–439. 3856: 3837:(2): 191–193. 3821: 3772: 3741: 3712:(5): 409–412. 3692: 3649: 3618: 3566: 3517: 3488:(4): 413–421. 3468: 3441:(2): 130–140. 3425: 3379: 3327: 3306: 3254: 3227:(5): 428–443. 3204: 3189: 3163: 3114: 3071: 3050:(4): 271–286. 3030: 3011:(6): 763–771. 2995: 2949: 2920:(3): 305–317. 2900: 2851: 2816: 2781: 2752:(9): 807–820. 2732: 2703:(2): 136–145. 2683: 2648: 2621:(5): 429–433. 2605: 2576:(2): 197–211. 2549: 2500: 2482: 2463: 2428: 2407: 2389: 2339: 2324: 2297: 2270:(4): 324–333. 2251: 2232:(7): 741–748. 2216: 2167: 2140: 2133: 2115: 2108: 2082: 2047: 2025: 2018: 1996: 1984:psychiatry.org 1971: 1964: 1942: 1917: 1891: 1866: 1859: 1833: 1826: 1800: 1778: 1771: 1753: 1742:on 13 May 2017 1723: 1697: 1670:(3): 171–183. 1651: 1644: 1626: 1619: 1601: 1570: 1563: 1545: 1538: 1515: 1485: 1478: 1460: 1442: 1424: 1417: 1387: 1366:(3): 168–176. 1346: 1297: 1264: 1200: 1175: 1160: 1109: 1079: 1078: 1076: 1073: 1071: 1070: 1065: 1060: 1055: 1049: 1047: 1044: 1009: 1006: 985:Family therapy 966: 963: 954: 951: 945: 942: 881: 878: 870:Morita therapy 839: 836: 827: 824: 808: 805: 803: 800: 786: 783: 724:celiac disease 675: 672: 607: 604: 592:social anxiety 580:Main article: 577: 574: 538:Main article: 535: 532: 523:Main article: 520: 517: 498:hypervigilance 481:Main article: 478: 475: 463:Social anxiety 447:Main article: 444: 441: 431:panic disorder 422:Main article: 419: 416: 408:hypervigilance 389:Panic disorder 387:Main article: 384: 383:Panic disorder 381: 367:Main article: 364: 361: 344:Main article: 341: 338: 336: 333: 321:panic disorder 260: 259: 256: 252: 251: 230: 224: 223: 216: 212: 211: 189: 183: 182: 177: 171: 170: 161: 155: 154: 148: 144: 143: 140: 136: 135: 132: 128: 127: 110: 104: 103: 96: 90: 89: 80: 74: 73: 49: 48: 40: 39: 31: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6990: 6979: 6976: 6975: 6973: 6958: 6955: 6953: 6950: 6946: 6943: 6942: 6941: 6938: 6936: 6933: 6931: 6928: 6926: 6923: 6921: 6918: 6914: 6911: 6909: 6906: 6904: 6901: 6900: 6899: 6896: 6894: 6891: 6889: 6886: 6884: 6881: 6879: 6876: 6874: 6871: 6869: 6866: 6864: 6861: 6859: 6858:Digital detox 6856: 6854: 6851: 6849: 6848:Cyberbullying 6846: 6842: 6839: 6838: 6837: 6834: 6832: 6829: 6827: 6824: 6822: 6819: 6818: 6816: 6812: 6806: 6803: 6801: 6798: 6794: 6791: 6789: 6786: 6785: 6784: 6781: 6779: 6776: 6774: 6771: 6769: 6766: 6764: 6761: 6757: 6754: 6752: 6749: 6747: 6744: 6743: 6742: 6739: 6738: 6736: 6730: 6722: 6719: 6717: 6714: 6712: 6709: 6707: 6704: 6703: 6702: 6699: 6695: 6692: 6691: 6690: 6687: 6685: 6682: 6678: 6675: 6673: 6670: 6668: 6665: 6663: 6660: 6658: 6655: 6653: 6650: 6648: 6645: 6644: 6643: 6640: 6638: 6635: 6633: 6630: 6629: 6627: 6623: 6617: 6614: 6612: 6609: 6607: 6604: 6600: 6597: 6596: 6595: 6592: 6590: 6587: 6585: 6582: 6580: 6577: 6575: 6572: 6571: 6569: 6563: 6559: 6552: 6547: 6545: 6540: 6538: 6533: 6532: 6529: 6513: 6510: 6508: 6505: 6503: 6500: 6498: 6495: 6494: 6491: 6484: 6480: 6466: 6463: 6462: 6460: 6456: 6450: 6447: 6445: 6442: 6440: 6437: 6435: 6432: 6431: 6429: 6427:Schizophrenia 6425: 6419: 6416: 6414: 6411: 6409: 6406: 6405: 6403: 6398: 6394: 6388: 6385: 6383: 6380: 6379: 6377: 6373: 6369: 6365: 6361: 6357: 6356:Schizophrenia 6352: 6348: 6338: 6335: 6333: 6330: 6328: 6325: 6323: 6320: 6318: 6315: 6313: 6310: 6308: 6307:Drug overdose 6305: 6304: 6301: 6296: 6292: 6287: 6283: 6269: 6266: 6264: 6261: 6260: 6258: 6256: 6255:Sexual desire 6252: 6246: 6243: 6241: 6238: 6237: 6235: 6233: 6229: 6221: 6218: 6216: 6213: 6211: 6208: 6207: 6206: 6203: 6201: 6198: 6196: 6193: 6192: 6190: 6188: 6183: 6177: 6174: 6172: 6169: 6167: 6164: 6162: 6159: 6158: 6156: 6154: 6150: 6146: 6139: 6135: 6121: 6118: 6116: 6113: 6111: 6108: 6106: 6103: 6101: 6098: 6096: 6093: 6089: 6086: 6084: 6081: 6079: 6076: 6075: 6074: 6071: 6069: 6066: 6065: 6063: 6061: 6057: 6051: 6048: 6046: 6043: 6041: 6038: 6036: 6033: 6032: 6030: 6028: 6024: 6012: 6009: 6007: 6004: 6003: 6002: 5999: 5997: 5994: 5992: 5989: 5987: 5984: 5982: 5979: 5978: 5976: 5972: 5964: 5961: 5960: 5959: 5956: 5952: 5949: 5947: 5944: 5943: 5942: 5941:Social phobia 5939: 5937: 5934: 5932: 5929: 5927: 5924: 5923: 5921: 5919: 5915: 5912: 5910: 5906: 5899: 5896: 5895: 5893: 5891: 5887: 5883: 5879: 5876:-related and 5875: 5871: 5866: 5862: 5848: 5845: 5843: 5840: 5838: 5835: 5834: 5832: 5828: 5822: 5819: 5817: 5814: 5812: 5809: 5807: 5804: 5802: 5799: 5797: 5794: 5792: 5789: 5787: 5784: 5782: 5779: 5777: 5774: 5772: 5769: 5768: 5766: 5764: 5760: 5754: 5751: 5749: 5746: 5744: 5741: 5739: 5736: 5734: 5731: 5730: 5728: 5726: 5722: 5718: 5711: 5707: 5697: 5694: 5690: 5687: 5685: 5682: 5680: 5677: 5675: 5672: 5670: 5667: 5666: 5665: 5662: 5658: 5655: 5653: 5650: 5648: 5645: 5643: 5640: 5639: 5638: 5635: 5634: 5631: 5626: 5621: 5617: 5603: 5600: 5598: 5595: 5594: 5592: 5589: 5582: 5574: 5571: 5570: 5569: 5566: 5565: 5563: 5561: 5557: 5549: 5546: 5545: 5544: 5541: 5537: 5534: 5532: 5529: 5528: 5527: 5524: 5520: 5517: 5515: 5512: 5510: 5507: 5506: 5504: 5500: 5497: 5496: 5495: 5492: 5488: 5485: 5484: 5483: 5480: 5476: 5473: 5472: 5471: 5468: 5466: 5463: 5462: 5460: 5458: 5454: 5450: 5446: 5441: 5437: 5423: 5420: 5418: 5415: 5413: 5410: 5408: 5405: 5403: 5400: 5398: 5395: 5393: 5390: 5388: 5385: 5381: 5378: 5377: 5376: 5373: 5372: 5370: 5366: 5360: 5357: 5355: 5352: 5350: 5347: 5345: 5342: 5338: 5335: 5333: 5330: 5329: 5328: 5325: 5323: 5320: 5319: 5317: 5313: 5309: 5302: 5298: 5293: 5289: 5282: 5277: 5275: 5270: 5268: 5263: 5262: 5259: 5253: 5249: 5244: 5240: 5239: 5234: 5229: 5227: 5224: 5223: 5213: 5209: 5208: 5204: 5203: 5200: 5196: 5189: 5185: 5184: 5180: 5178: 5174: 5173: 5169: 5167: 5163: 5162: 5158: 5154: 5152: 5148: 5144: 5143: 5139: 5135: 5134: 5131: 5126: 5122: 5106: 5102: 5098: 5094: 5090: 5086: 5082: 5078: 5074: 5067: 5059: 5055: 5051: 5047: 5043: 5039: 5032: 5024: 5020: 5015: 5010: 5005: 5000: 4996: 4992: 4989:(7): e41043. 4988: 4984: 4980: 4973: 4957: 4953: 4949: 4942: 4934: 4930: 4924: 4922: 4913: 4907: 4903: 4896: 4888: 4884: 4880: 4876: 4872: 4868: 4861: 4853: 4849: 4844: 4839: 4835: 4831: 4827: 4823: 4819: 4812: 4804: 4798: 4794: 4790: 4786: 4779: 4771: 4767: 4762: 4757: 4753: 4749: 4745: 4738: 4730: 4724: 4720: 4716: 4712: 4705: 4703: 4694: 4690: 4685: 4680: 4676: 4672: 4668: 4664: 4660: 4653: 4651: 4642: 4636: 4632: 4628: 4624: 4617: 4609: 4605: 4601: 4597: 4590: 4582: 4578: 4573: 4568: 4564: 4560: 4556: 4552: 4548: 4541: 4539: 4530: 4526: 4521: 4516: 4512: 4508: 4504: 4500: 4496: 4489: 4481: 4477: 4472: 4467: 4464:(2): 91–113. 4463: 4459: 4455: 4448: 4446: 4444: 4435: 4431: 4426: 4421: 4417: 4413: 4409: 4405: 4401: 4394: 4392: 4390: 4381: 4377: 4372: 4367: 4363: 4359: 4355: 4351: 4347: 4340: 4332: 4328: 4323: 4318: 4314: 4310: 4306: 4302: 4298: 4291: 4283: 4279: 4274: 4269: 4265: 4261: 4257: 4253: 4249: 4242: 4234: 4230: 4226: 4222: 4218: 4214: 4207: 4199: 4195: 4190: 4185: 4181: 4177: 4173: 4169: 4165: 4158: 4150: 4146: 4141: 4136: 4132: 4128: 4124: 4120: 4116: 4109: 4107: 4098: 4094: 4089: 4084: 4080: 4076: 4072: 4068: 4064: 4057: 4055: 4053: 4044: 4040: 4035: 4030: 4025: 4020: 4016: 4012: 4008: 4001: 3999: 3997: 3988: 3984: 3979: 3974: 3970: 3969:NIHR Evidence 3966: 3959: 3957: 3955: 3946: 3942: 3938: 3934: 3930: 3926: 3922: 3918: 3914: 3907: 3899: 3895: 3891: 3887: 3883: 3879: 3875: 3871: 3867: 3860: 3852: 3848: 3844: 3840: 3836: 3832: 3825: 3817: 3813: 3808: 3803: 3799: 3795: 3791: 3787: 3783: 3776: 3768: 3764: 3760: 3756: 3752: 3745: 3737: 3733: 3729: 3725: 3720: 3715: 3711: 3707: 3703: 3696: 3688: 3684: 3680: 3676: 3672: 3668: 3664: 3660: 3653: 3645: 3641: 3637: 3633: 3629: 3622: 3614: 3610: 3605: 3600: 3596: 3592: 3588: 3584: 3580: 3573: 3571: 3562: 3558: 3553: 3548: 3544: 3540: 3536: 3532: 3528: 3521: 3513: 3509: 3504: 3499: 3495: 3491: 3487: 3483: 3479: 3472: 3464: 3460: 3456: 3452: 3448: 3444: 3440: 3436: 3429: 3421: 3417: 3413: 3409: 3405: 3401: 3394: 3392: 3390: 3388: 3386: 3384: 3375: 3371: 3366: 3361: 3357: 3353: 3349: 3345: 3341: 3334: 3332: 3323: 3319: 3313: 3311: 3302: 3298: 3293: 3288: 3284: 3280: 3276: 3272: 3268: 3261: 3259: 3250: 3246: 3242: 3238: 3234: 3230: 3226: 3222: 3215: 3208: 3200: 3196: 3192: 3186: 3182: 3178: 3174: 3167: 3159: 3155: 3150: 3145: 3141: 3137: 3133: 3129: 3125: 3118: 3110: 3106: 3102: 3098: 3094: 3090: 3086: 3082: 3075: 3067: 3063: 3058: 3053: 3049: 3045: 3041: 3034: 3026: 3022: 3018: 3014: 3010: 3006: 2999: 2991: 2987: 2983: 2979: 2975: 2971: 2967: 2963: 2956: 2954: 2945: 2941: 2936: 2931: 2927: 2923: 2919: 2915: 2911: 2904: 2896: 2892: 2887: 2882: 2878: 2874: 2870: 2866: 2862: 2855: 2847: 2843: 2839: 2835: 2831: 2827: 2820: 2812: 2808: 2804: 2800: 2796: 2792: 2785: 2777: 2773: 2769: 2765: 2760: 2755: 2751: 2747: 2743: 2736: 2728: 2724: 2719: 2714: 2710: 2706: 2702: 2698: 2694: 2687: 2679: 2675: 2671: 2667: 2663: 2659: 2652: 2644: 2640: 2636: 2632: 2628: 2624: 2620: 2616: 2609: 2601: 2597: 2592: 2587: 2583: 2579: 2575: 2571: 2567: 2560: 2558: 2556: 2554: 2545: 2541: 2536: 2531: 2527: 2523: 2519: 2515: 2511: 2504: 2496: 2492: 2486: 2478: 2474: 2467: 2459: 2455: 2451: 2447: 2443: 2439: 2432: 2424: 2420: 2414: 2412: 2403: 2399: 2393: 2385: 2381: 2376: 2371: 2367: 2363: 2359: 2352: 2350: 2348: 2346: 2344: 2335: 2331: 2327: 2321: 2317: 2316: 2308: 2306: 2304: 2302: 2293: 2289: 2285: 2281: 2277: 2273: 2269: 2265: 2264:CNS Spectrums 2258: 2256: 2247: 2243: 2239: 2235: 2231: 2227: 2220: 2212: 2208: 2203: 2198: 2194: 2190: 2186: 2182: 2178: 2171: 2163: 2159: 2155: 2151: 2144: 2136: 2130: 2127:. Worth Pub. 2126: 2119: 2111: 2105: 2101: 2096: 2095: 2086: 2078: 2074: 2070: 2066: 2062: 2058: 2051: 2043: 2039: 2035: 2029: 2021: 2015: 2008: 2007: 2000: 1985: 1981: 1975: 1967: 1961: 1957: 1953: 1946: 1931: 1927: 1921: 1905: 1901: 1895: 1880: 1876: 1870: 1862: 1856: 1852: 1848: 1844: 1837: 1829: 1823: 1819: 1815: 1811: 1804: 1796: 1792: 1788: 1782: 1774: 1768: 1764: 1757: 1741: 1737: 1733: 1727: 1711: 1707: 1701: 1693: 1689: 1685: 1681: 1677: 1673: 1669: 1665: 1658: 1656: 1647: 1641: 1637: 1630: 1622: 1616: 1612: 1605: 1589: 1585: 1581: 1574: 1566: 1560: 1556: 1549: 1541: 1535: 1531: 1524: 1522: 1520: 1511: 1507: 1503: 1499: 1492: 1490: 1481: 1475: 1472:. Macmillan. 1471: 1464: 1456: 1452: 1446: 1438: 1434: 1428: 1420: 1414: 1409: 1404: 1400: 1394: 1392: 1383: 1379: 1374: 1369: 1365: 1361: 1357: 1350: 1342: 1338: 1334: 1330: 1323: 1316: 1314: 1312: 1310: 1308: 1306: 1304: 1302: 1285: 1281: 1277: 1271: 1269: 1260: 1256: 1252: 1248: 1244: 1240: 1236: 1232: 1225: 1223: 1221: 1219: 1217: 1215: 1213: 1211: 1209: 1207: 1205: 1189: 1185: 1179: 1171: 1167: 1163: 1157: 1153: 1149: 1148: 1140: 1138: 1136: 1134: 1132: 1130: 1128: 1126: 1124: 1122: 1120: 1118: 1116: 1114: 1105: 1101: 1097: 1092: 1084: 1080: 1069: 1066: 1064: 1061: 1059: 1056: 1054: 1051: 1050: 1043: 1040: 1036: 1034: 1029: 1027: 1021: 1019: 1013: 1005: 1003: 998: 995: 991: 986: 982: 978: 974: 970: 962: 960: 950: 941: 939: 935: 930: 926: 923: 919: 915: 911: 908: 904: 900: 896: 891: 887: 877: 873: 871: 867: 862: 860: 856: 852: 850: 846: 844: 835: 833: 823: 820: 816: 813: 799: 796: 792: 782: 780: 776: 775:hallucinogens 772: 768: 764: 760: 755: 753: 749: 745: 741: 737: 733: 729: 725: 721: 717: 713: 709: 705: 701: 697: 693: 688: 685: 681: 671: 669: 665: 661: 657: 653: 649: 645: 641: 637: 633: 630:(GAD-7), the 629: 625: 620: 616: 613: 603: 601: 595: 593: 589: 583: 573: 569: 565: 563: 559: 555: 551: 547: 541: 531: 526: 516: 513: 509: 507: 503: 499: 495: 490: 484: 474: 471: 467: 464: 459: 455: 450: 440: 437: 432: 425: 415: 413: 409: 403: 400: 396: 395:panic attacks 390: 380: 377: 370: 360: 357: 354: 347: 332: 328: 326: 322: 318: 314: 310: 306: 302: 298: 293: 290: 286: 281: 278: 274: 270: 266: 257: 253: 250: 246: 245:beta blockers 242: 238: 234: 231: 229: 225: 222:, medications 221: 217: 213: 209: 205: 201: 197: 196:heart disease 193: 190: 188: 184: 181: 178: 176: 172: 169: 165: 162: 160: 156: 152: 149: 145: 142:Over 6 months 141: 137: 133: 129: 126: 122: 118: 114: 111: 109: 108:Complications 105: 101: 97: 95: 91: 88: 84: 81: 79: 75: 72: 68: 64: 60: 56: 55: 50: 46: 41: 36: 30: 19: 6952:Technostress 6945:Technophobia 6940:Technophilia 6740: 6716:Evolutionary 6694:Evolutionary 6684:Neuroscience 6387:Folie Ă  deux 6312:Intoxication 6293:substances, 6291:Psychoactive 6210:Night terror 6027:Dissociative 5991:Panic attack 5908: 5543:Tic disorder 5236: 5205: 5181: 5170: 5155: 5136: 5080: 5076: 5066: 5041: 5037: 5031: 4986: 4982: 4972: 4960:. Retrieved 4951: 4941: 4932: 4901: 4895: 4870: 4866: 4860: 4825: 4821: 4811: 4784: 4778: 4751: 4747: 4737: 4710: 4666: 4662: 4622: 4616: 4602:(2): 61–69. 4599: 4595: 4589: 4554: 4550: 4502: 4498: 4488: 4461: 4457: 4407: 4403: 4353: 4349: 4339: 4304: 4300: 4290: 4255: 4251: 4241: 4216: 4212: 4206: 4171: 4167: 4157: 4122: 4118: 4070: 4066: 4014: 4010: 3968: 3920: 3916: 3906: 3873: 3869: 3859: 3834: 3830: 3824: 3789: 3785: 3775: 3750: 3744: 3709: 3705: 3695: 3662: 3658: 3652: 3627: 3621: 3586: 3582: 3534: 3530: 3520: 3485: 3481: 3471: 3438: 3434: 3428: 3403: 3399: 3347: 3344:EMBO Reports 3343: 3321: 3277:(1): 67–73. 3274: 3270: 3224: 3220: 3207: 3172: 3166: 3131: 3127: 3117: 3084: 3080: 3074: 3047: 3043: 3033: 3008: 3004: 2998: 2965: 2961: 2917: 2913: 2903: 2868: 2864: 2854: 2829: 2825: 2819: 2794: 2790: 2784: 2749: 2745: 2735: 2700: 2696: 2686: 2661: 2657: 2651: 2618: 2614: 2608: 2573: 2569: 2517: 2513: 2503: 2494: 2485: 2476: 2466: 2444:(1): 57–67. 2441: 2437: 2431: 2422: 2401: 2392: 2365: 2361: 2314: 2267: 2263: 2229: 2225: 2219: 2184: 2180: 2170: 2153: 2149: 2143: 2124: 2118: 2093: 2085: 2060: 2056: 2050: 2042:the original 2037: 2028: 2005: 1999: 1987:. Retrieved 1983: 1974: 1955: 1945: 1933:. Retrieved 1929: 1920: 1908:. Retrieved 1903: 1894: 1882:. Retrieved 1878: 1869: 1842: 1836: 1809: 1803: 1790: 1781: 1762: 1756: 1744:. Retrieved 1740:the original 1735: 1726: 1714:. Retrieved 1709: 1700: 1667: 1663: 1635: 1629: 1610: 1604: 1592:. Retrieved 1583: 1573: 1554: 1548: 1529: 1501: 1497: 1469: 1463: 1454: 1445: 1436: 1427: 1398: 1363: 1359: 1349: 1332: 1328: 1288:. Retrieved 1279: 1234: 1230: 1191:. Retrieved 1187: 1178: 1144: 1095: 1083: 1041: 1037: 1030: 1022: 1014: 1011: 1008:Epidemiology 999: 990:play therapy 971: 968: 956: 947: 931: 927: 912: 883: 874: 863: 853: 847: 841: 829: 821: 817: 814: 810: 788: 756: 689: 677: 666:(SIAS), the 662:(LSAS), the 650:(HADS), the 626:(STAI), the 621: 617: 609: 596: 585: 570: 566: 543: 528: 510: 488: 486: 472: 468: 452: 427: 404: 392: 372: 358: 349: 329: 294: 288: 284: 282: 264: 263: 258:12% per year 159:Risk factors 71:Edvard Munch 58: 57:(Norwegian: 52: 29: 6898:Screen time 6360:schizotypal 6195:Hypersomnia 6185:Nonorganic 5926:Agoraphobia 5657:Cyclothymia 5652:Bipolar NOS 5627:(affective) 5499:Stereotypic 5407:Kleptomania 5231:‹ The 4946:Merrill A. 3665:(11): 410. 3322:Beyond Blue 2832:: 264–271. 1989:16 November 1935:16 November 1884:16 November 1716:16 November 1594:18 February 1510:CA181302423 1408:10665/44095 1188:Mayo Clinic 1002:Fluvoxamine 994:Art therapy 895:Fluvoxamine 880:Medications 855:Mindfulness 795:mindfulness 634:(BAI), the 562:compulsions 436:agoraphobia 424:Agoraphobia 418:Agoraphobia 317:agoraphobia 241:anxiolytics 220:counselling 164:Child abuse 131:Usual onset 102:, shakiness 6831:Body image 6778:Depression 6732:Associated 6701:Psychology 6689:Psychiatry 6642:Ergonomics 6599:Nomophobia 6512:Stereotypy 6375:Delusional 6364:delusional 6337:Withdrawal 6205:Parasomnia 6110:Nosophobia 5890:Adjustment 5878:somatoform 5811:Sundowning 5664:Depression 5647:Bipolar II 5536:Stuttering 5531:Cluttering 5327:Paraphilia 5183:DiseasesDB 2867:(Review). 2699:(Review). 2617:(Review). 2156:(13): 30. 1910:1 December 1746:1 December 1611:Psychiatry 1470:Psychology 1104:1008665027 1075:References 922:gabapentin 918:pregabalin 907:paroxetine 903:sertraline 899:Fluoxetine 876:feelings. 785:Prevention 771:stimulants 720:folic acid 638:, and the 612:biomarkers 558:obsessions 502:flashbacks 249:pregabalin 228:Medication 113:Depression 98:Worrying, 83:Psychiatry 54:The Scream 6711:Cognitive 6465:Catatonia 6397:Psychosis 6232:Postnatal 6215:Nightmare 5821:Wandering 5674:Dysthymia 5642:Bipolar I 5597:Pervasive 5412:Pyromania 5337:Voyeurism 5332:Fetishism 5207:eMedicine 5105:150202201 5097:0894-3796 4125:: j3927. 3987:253347210 3851:237775067 3249:231919782 2797:: 70–80. 2776:207050854 1732:"Phobias" 1504:(8): 24. 1290:14 August 1259:208789585 1170:830807378 914:Buspirone 832:therapies 826:Treatment 779:inhalants 763:sedatives 708:vitamin D 606:Diagnosis 255:Frequency 215:Treatment 78:Specialty 67:Norwegian 6972:Category 6800:Insomnia 6706:Clinical 6200:Insomnia 5870:Neurotic 5837:Delirium 5763:Dementia 5602:Specific 5233:template 5058:19152496 5023:22859964 4983:PLOS ONE 4956:Archived 4887:15306669 4852:21132847 4770:15939837 4693:23245607 4581:26004142 4529:25692403 4480:26087438 4434:28859190 4380:31672337 4331:30646157 4282:24524926 4233:17112646 4198:34819636 4149:28903922 4097:34002501 4043:32982805 3945:28893331 3937:24713617 3898:28893331 3890:24713617 3816:25695214 3807:10907974 3767:16437509 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Index

Anxiety Disorder

The Scream
painting
Norwegian
Edvard Munch
Specialty
Psychiatry
clinical psychology
Symptoms
fast heart rate
Complications
Depression
trouble sleeping
alcohol use disorder
suicide
Genetic
Risk factors
Child abuse
poverty
Diagnostic method
Psychological assessment
Differential diagnosis
Hyperthyroidism
heart disease
caffeine
alcohol
cannabis
counselling
Medication

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