243:, the administration of Palermo and the wholesale markets in the city, as well as the links between the Mafia and banditry in the post-war period. In its March 1972 report, the Antimafia Commission said in its introduction: "Generally speaking magistrates, trade unionists, prefects, journalists, and the police authorities expressed an affirmative judgement on the existence of more or less intimate links between Mafia and the public authorities ... some trade unionists reached the point of saying that 'the mafioso is a man of politics'." The commission's main conclusion was that the Mafia was strong because it had penetrated the structure of the state.
388:
presenting candidates, a measure intended to mirror the legislative provisions for public-office holders in 1990; no one should stand for election who had been committed for trial, was a fugitive from the law, was serving a criminal sentence, was subject to preventive measures or was convicted, even though not definitively, for crimes of corruption, Mafia association, and a range of others.
300:
In its conclusions, the commission made many recommendations and offered much advice to those bodies that were going to take the job on. It criticized some authorities and condemned others. The government did nothing, and when the results were published, every effort was made to confuse their message
198:
to reside in areas outside Sicily, opened up new opportunities to develop illicit activities in the cities of northern and central Italy. Amending this law during the next four decades was the main aim in the legislative fight against mafia. It was amended by La Torre-Rognoni law in 1982, and by some
219:
In 1966, Pafundi declared: "These rooms here are like an ammunition store. In order to give us the chance to the very root of the truth we don't want them to explode too soon. We have here a load of dynamite." The store never exploded, and
Pafundi summed up the efforts of the Antimafia Commission in
285:
Terranova urged his colleagues of the majority to take responsibility. According to the minority report, "it would be a grave error on the part of the
Commission to accept the theory that the Mafia-political link has been eliminated. Even today the behaviour of the ruling DC group in the running of
190:
had been used in legislation. The law extended 1956 legislation concerning individuals considered to be "socially dangerous" to those "suspected of belonging to associations of the Mafia type". The measures included special surveillance; the possibility of ordering a suspect to reside in a designed
387:
The third
Antimafia Commission made public the 2,750 files on links between the Mafia and politicians, that had been kept secret by the first commission. In February 1992, ahead to the general elections of 5 April 1992, the commission urged political parties to apply a code of self-regulation when
227:
wrote that the
Antimafia Commission had become an instrument of the PCI. Despite the smears to his reputation, Cattanei was supported by the majority of the commission and supportive public opinion caused him to resist the pressure to resign. In July 1971, the commission published an intermediary
177:
The PCI claimed the DC party put members on the commission to stop the inquiry moving too far in the political field, such as the commission's vice-president
Antonio Gullotti] and Giovanni Matta, a former member of Palermo's city council. Matta's arrival in 1972 created a scandal, as he had been
74:
in all its forms and to measure the adequacy of existing anti-crime measures, legislative and administrative, according to their results. The commission has judicial powers in that it may instruct the judicial police to carry out investigations. It can ask for copies of court proceedings, and is
371:. This commission marked a change in operations, as the focus shifted from analyses and knowledge about the Mafia to proposals at the legislative and administrative level. The commission studied the connections between the four Mafia-type organizations and the links between the Mafia and secret
456:. Despite the politically sensitive nature of the commission’s work, Violante's greatest achievement was that the most important reports were backed by all major parties, instead as in the past, of producing politicised majority (government) and minority (opposition) reports on the same theme.
178:
mentioned in a report and was summoned to testify in the previous legislature about the role of the Mafia in real estate speculation. The PCI called for his resignation. In the end, the whole commission under the presidency of Luigi
Carraro had to resign, and be recomposed without Matta again.
481:
had been Lima's political contact in Rome. On 16 November 1992, Buscetta testified before the
Antimafia Commission. He said: "Salvo Lima was, in fact, the politician to whom Cosa Nostra turned most often to resolve problems for the organization whose solution lay in Rome." Other collaborating
173:
changed the Mafia war into a war against the Mafia. It prompted the first concerted anti-mafia efforts by the state in post-war Italy. On 6 July 1963, the
Antimafia Commission met for the first time. It took thirteen years and two more legislatures before a final report was submitted in 1976.
75:
entitled to request any form of collaboration that it deems necessary. Those who provide testimony to the
Antimafia Commission are obliged by law to tell the truth. The commission can also submit reports to the Italian Parliament as often as desired but does so at least on an annual basis.
256:
435:(PDS) was appointed president of the commission. Under Violante's leadership, the commission worked for 17 months until the parliamentary dissolution in February 1994. It passed thirteen reports, the most important of which was on the relations between the Mafia and politics, the
83:
The first proposal to constitute a commission of inquiry into the Mafia was the result of post-war struggles for land reform and the violent reaction against peasant organizations and its leaders, culminating in the killing of 11 people and the wounding of over thirty at a
191:
place outside his home area and the suspension of publicly issued licenses, grants or authorizations. The law gave powers to a public prosecutor or questor (chief of police) to identify and trace the assets of anyone suspected of involvement in a Mafia-type association.
246:
The
Antimafia Commission was dissolved when new elections made an end to the legislature. In the next legislature, Cattanei was replaced with Luigi Carraro, a fellow DC member who was more sensitive to the fears of the DC, that had been under attack of the commission.
391:
A week before the election, the commission reported that on the basis of information received from two-thirds of the prefectures in the country, thirty-three candidates standing in the elections were "non-presentable", according to the code of self-regulation.
220:
three discreet pages in March 1968. All the documents were locked away. Pafundi’s successor who took over the commission in 1968 was a different man, Francesco Cattanei, a member of the DC from the Northern Italy who was determined to investigate thoroughly.
375:
lodges. It lobbied for the introduction of new legislation, such as the reform of the Rognoni–La Torre Law, whereby asset seizure and confiscation provisions were applicable to other forms of criminal association, including drug trafficking,
301:
and diminish their value, and was drowned in a sea of slander. The reports and the documentation of the Antimafia Commission were essentially disregarded. Terranova talked of "thirteen wasted years" of the Antimafia Commission.
134:, the Sicilian Assembly asked for an official inquiry. On 11 April 1962, the Senate in Rome approved the bill. It took eight months before the Chamber of Deputies put the law to a vote. It was approved on 20 December 1962.
658:
L'istituzione della prima Commissione parlamentare d'inchiesta sulla mafia in: L'art. 41-bis l. 354/75 come strumento di lotta contro la mafia, by Elisa Fontanelli, bachelor's degree dissertation, Florence university,
358:
against the Mafia took place in Palermo. The commission also analyzed new developments in the Mafia after their entry in drug trafficking. In July 1987, the commission was dissolved at the end of the legislature.
154:(PSDI). It took a long time to form, because newspapers and parliamentarians alike were opposed to the inclusion of Sicilians. It lasted less than three months, before the general elections of 28 April 1963.
731:"The Supreme Court now recognizes a bilateral relationship between the parties of the illicit exchange, but states that it is not always between material benefits, but also between the promised benefits":
186:
In September 1963, the Antimafia Commission presented a draft law. In May 1965, it was passed by the Italian Parliament as Law 575, entitled Dispositions against the Mafia, the first time the word
401:
482:
witnesses confirmed that Lima had been specifically ordered to fix the appeal of the Maxi Trial with Italy's Supreme Court of Cassation, and had been murdered because he failed to do so.
212:
877:
493:
on the mainland. On 10 June 1993, the Senate authorized to proceed with the criminal investigation of Andreotti. On 2 March 1995, he was formally committed to trial in Palermo.
477:
gave testimonies. It found that Lima, the former DC member and mayor of Palermo who was murdered in March 1992, had been linked to the Mafia, and that former prime minister
321:
893:
270:
entered the Antimafia Commission. He had previously been the chief investigative prosecutor in Palermo, who had prepared several Mafia Trials in the 1960s, such as the
442:
The Antimafia Commission had to work in one of Italy’s most critical moments, when Italy's democracy was challenged by criminal subversion by the Mafia and the
312:), a period characterized by widespread social conflicts and terrorist acts attributed to far-left and far-right political movements and the secret services.
194:
The efficacy of the new law was severely limited. Firstly, because there was no legal definition of a Mafia association. Secondly, because the obligation for
282:, wrote the minority report of the Antimafia Commission, which pointed to links between the Mafia and prominent politicians, in particular of the DC party.
1548:
589:
161:, an outlying suburb of Palermo, killing seven police and military officers sent to defuse it, after an anonymous phone call. The bomb was intended for
293:
was described as one of the pillars of Mafia power in Palermo. It had no formal consequences for Lima. In 1993, the fourth Antimafia Commission led by
304:
The final report was issued at a time when the question of the Mafia was pushed to the background by the political turmoil in the 1970s, known as the
157:
The second president in the new legislature was the DC member Donato Pafundi, and was formed on 5 June 1963. On 30 June 1963, a car bomb exploded in
695:
297:
concluded that there were strong indications of relations between Lima and members of the Mafia. By then, Lima had been killed by the Mafia.
350:
The Antimafia Commission had no power to investigate. It analyzed anti-mafia legislation, in particular the new Antimafia Law, known as the
814:
800:
1769:
1759:
961:
51:". Subsequent commissions expanded their scope to investigate all "organized crime of the Mafia type", which included other major
1675:
1415:
1764:
734:
1774:
1399:
890:
47:. The first commission, formed in 1963, was established as a body of inquiry tasked with investigating the "phenomenon of the
874:
286:
the City and the Provincional Councils offers the most favourable terrain for the perpetuation of the system of Mafia power."
1574:
925:
Relazione conclusiva dalla Commissione parlamentare d'inchiesta sul fenomeno della criminalitĂ organizzata mafiosa o similare
916:
Relazione conclusiva dalla Commissione parlamentare d’inchiesta sul fenomeno della criminalità organizzata mafiosa o similare
162:
200:
151:
933:
130:, both later accused of links with the Mafia, dismissed the proposal as "useless". In March 1962, amidst gang wars in
1554:
854:
839:
1456:
924:
915:
93:
1052:
535:
52:
343:
on 3 September 1982. The first president was the DC senator Nicola La Penta. He was succeeded by the PCI deputy
1394:
859:
635:
118:
again proposed to form a commission. The proposal was not taken up by the parliamentary majority. In 1961, the
44:
278:
under the auspices of the PCI. He became the secretary of the commission. Terranova, together with PCI deputy
516:
1628:
1095:
954:
539:
432:
99:
On 14 September 1948, a parliamentary commission of inquiry into the public security situation on Sicily (
1590:
1148:
1133:
1065:
119:
1516:
990:
354:, and the performance of the state and judicial authorities. While the commission was in function, the
340:
1474:
984:
166:
1728:
875:
Commissione parlamentare di inchiesta sul fenomeno della criminalitĂ organizzata mafiosa o similare
692:
559:
351:
327:, a member of the first Antimafia Commission, who was killed during the establishment of the second
275:
142:
In February 1963, the first parliamentary Commission of Inquiry on the Mafia phenomenon in Sicily (
107:(PCI) in a debate on the violence in Sicily. The proposal was turned down by the interior minister
1510:
947:
906:
526:
489:
warned the Antimafia Commission of the likelihood that further attacks were being planned by the
420:
104:
88:
parade in Portella della Ginestra. The attack was attributed to the bandit and separatist leader
1601:
1220:
453:
1522:
1486:
1319:
1103:
549:
305:
1723:
1638:
1633:
1618:
1468:
1261:
1233:
1210:
1205:
1128:
367:
In 1987, the third Antimafia Commission was installed under the presidency of PCI senator
8:
1480:
1108:
512:
368:
331:
On 13 September 1982, the second Antimafia Commission was installed, in the midst of the
123:
40:
1754:
1733:
1695:
1680:
1498:
1195:
1157:
566:
89:
64:
36:
742:
1492:
1314:
1190:
1123:
1118:
850:
835:
576:
466:
452:(Italian for "Bribeville"), the corruption-based political system that dominated the
170:
223:
Cattanei came under attack by his fellow DC members. The party’s official newspaper
1559:
1539:
1462:
1437:
1374:
1347:
1329:
1281:
1170:
1113:
478:
470:
428:
424:
416:
404:
335:, after the killing of former deputy and member of the first Antimafia Commission,
332:
294:
271:
267:
259:
233:
24:
274:, that had ended disappointingly, with little convictions. He was elected for the
1685:
1431:
1175:
1138:
897:
881:
699:
572:
545:
147:
115:
71:
289:
In the final report of the first Antimafia Commission, the former Palermo mayor
1690:
1658:
1504:
1014:
970:
909:
final report of the Italian parliamentary Antimafia Commission, 6 December 2000
594:
522:
486:
474:
412:
240:
239:
The Antimafia Commission investigated the activities and failed prosecution of
127:
60:
48:
400:
1748:
1705:
1623:
1337:
1200:
1080:
995:
702:, by Umberto Santino, Centro Siciliano di Documentazione "Giuseppe Impastato"
344:
1663:
1000:
506:
336:
324:
279:
108:
1180:
101:
Commissione parlamentare d'inchiesta sulla situazione dell'ordine pubblico
1710:
1648:
1271:
1026:
735:"Voto di scambio e concorso esterno: la suprema Corte "rilancia" i reati"
444:
411:
On 8 June 1992, the fourth Antimafia Commission was installed, after the
144:
Commissione parlamentare d'inchiesta sul fenomeno della mafia in Sicilia
111:, amidst indignant voices about prejudice against Sicily and Sicilians.
1643:
1595:
1564:
1289:
1266:
1035:
1031:
1010:
555:
490:
355:
290:
211:
85:
1670:
1368:
1243:
1185:
1165:
1020:
377:
32:
1070:
215:
Francesco Cattanei, the second president of the Antimafia Commission
1304:
1294:
1060:
847:
Mafioso. A history of the Mafia from its origins to the present day
255:
158:
1653:
1569:
1342:
1253:
1085:
1041:
939:
461:
372:
131:
56:
1700:
1352:
1309:
1299:
320:
92:. Nevertheless, the Mafia was suspected of involvement in the
70:
The Antimafia Commission's goal is to study the phenomenon of
1238:
1004:
501:
After Violante, presidents of the Antimafia Commission were:
381:
801:
Audizione del collaboratore della giustizia Tommaso Buscetta
1228:
1075:
339:, on 30 April 1982, and the prefect of Palermo, general
815:
Audizione del collaboratore di giustizia Gaspare Mutolo
122:
party (DC) in the Senate and Sicilian politicians like
927:(Relatore: senatore Centaro), Part 2, 18 January 2006
918:(Relatore: senatore Centaro), Part 1, 18 January 2006
832:
The Antimafia: Italy's fight against organized crime
590:
List of members of the Italian Antimafia Commission
496:
236:, and summarized the characteristics of the Mafia.
1746:
891:Verbali della Commissione Parlamentare Antimafia
395:
315:
262:, a judge and member of the Antimafia Commission
96:and many other previous and subsequent attacks.
362:
169:and the boss of the Ciaculli Mafia family. The
137:
103:) was proposed by deputy Giuseppe Berti of the
1681:Sicilian brigandage and rebels (20th century)
955:
439:(third level) of the Mafia, on 6 April 1993.
407:, a member of the fourth Antimafia Commission
150:, under the presidency of Paolo Rossi of the
900:XI legislatura, presidenza: Luciano Violante
936:(Relatore: Giuseppe Lumia), 18 January 2006
780:
778:
962:
948:
764:
762:
760:
714:
712:
710:
708:
675:
673:
671:
669:
667:
665:
651:
649:
647:
645:
643:
884:Official site of the Antimafia Commission
817:, Antimafia Commission, February 9, 1993
775:
628:
626:
624:
399:
319:
254:
250:
210:
1416:Grand Hotel et des Palmes Mafia meeting
757:
732:
705:
662:
640:
1747:
1400:List of Sicilian Mafia members by city
686:
1575:List of victims of the Sicilian Mafia
943:
860:La Commissione parlamentare antimafia
739:Diritto&Giustizia Edizione Online
636:La Commissione parlamentare antimafia
621:
419:on 23 May. It was modified after the
228:report with biographies of prominent
78:
13:
969:
427:on 19 July. On 23 September 1992,
423:caused the death of his colleague
206:
181:
152:Italian Democratic Socialist Party
146:) was formed, in the midst of the
29:Commissione parlamentare antimafia
14:
1786:
1770:History of the Sacra Corona Unita
1676:Italian brigandage (19th century)
1555:Direzione Investigativa Antimafia
934:Relazione conclusiva di minoranza
865:
199:cornerstone judgement of Italy's
1457:Portella della Ginestra massacre
497:Other commissions (1994–present)
415:resulted in the murder of judge
94:Portella della Ginestra massacre
16:Italian parliamentary commission
1760:History of the Camorra in Italy
849:, London: Secker & Warburg
824:
805:
791:
532:Roberto Centaro (FI, 2001–2006)
448:investigation, that unravelled
53:criminal organizations in Italy
39:, composed of members from the
1487:Via Federico Pipitone massacre
1395:List of Sicilian Mafia members
834:, London: Palgrave Macmillan,
725:
608:
163:Salvatore "Ciaschiteddu" Greco
1:
1775:History of the Sicilian Mafia
693:I pregiudicati nell'Antimafia
601:
396:Fourth commission (1992–1994)
316:Second commission (1982–1987)
1629:Article 41-bis prison regime
1545:Italian Antimafia Commission
1540:Sangiorgi report (1898-1900)
433:Democratic Party of the Left
363:Third commission (1987–1992)
138:First commission (1963–1982)
7:
1591:1960s Sicilian Mafia trials
733:Buonomo, Giampiero (2000).
583:
10:
1791:
1765:History of the 'Ndrangheta
1517:Via dei Georgofili bombing
991:Interprovincial Commission
341:Carlo Alberto Dalla Chiesa
201:Supreme Court of Cassation
1719:
1611:
1583:
1532:
1475:Circonvallazione massacre
1447:
1424:
1408:
1387:
1361:
1328:
1280:
1252:
1219:
1156:
1147:
1094:
1051:
977:
830:Jamieson, Alison (1999).
167:Sicilian Mafia Commission
1729:Organized crime in Italy
845:Servadio, Gaia (1976),
105:Italian Communist Party
1602:Pizza Connection Trial
1221:Caltanissetta Province
454:First Italian Republic
408:
328:
263:
216:
45:Senate of the Republic
28:
1523:Via Palestro massacre
1320:San Mauro Castelverde
597:, team of magistrates
403:
323:
258:
251:Disappointing results
214:
1724:American Cosa Nostra
1639:Banda della Magliana
1634:Banda della Comasina
1619:American Cosa Nostra
1511:Via D'Amelio bombing
1469:Viale Lazio massacre
1234:Vallelunga Pratameno
1211:Campobello di Licata
1206:Palma di Montechiaro
421:via D'Amelio Bombing
352:Rognoni–La Torre Law
21:Antimafia Commission
1481:Via Carini massacre
513:Ottaviano Del Turco
369:Gerardo Chiaromonte
124:Bernardo Mattarella
120:Christian Democracy
41:Chamber of Deputies
1734:Mafia bibliography
1696:Sacra Corona Unita
1499:Pizzolungo bombing
1196:Sambuca di Sicilia
1158:Agrigento Province
896:2007-06-19 at the
880:2007-08-24 at the
698:2007-08-22 at the
536:Francesco Forgione
485:In February 1993,
409:
329:
264:
217:
90:Salvatore Giuliano
65:Sacra Corona Unita
37:Italian Parliament
35:commission of the
1742:
1741:
1493:Train 904 bombing
1383:
1382:
1315:Belmonte Mezzagno
505:Tiziana Parenti (
467:Antonio Calderone
171:Ciaculli massacre
114:In 1958, senator
1782:
1560:State-Mafia Pact
1463:Ciaculli bombing
1438:Second Mafia War
1348:Mazara del Vallo
1330:Trapani Province
1282:Palermo Province
1171:Santa Elisabetta
1154:
1153:
1134:Cuntrera-Caruana
978:Chain of command
964:
957:
950:
941:
940:
932:
923:
914:
905:
889:
873:
818:
813:
809:
803:
799:
795:
789:
782:
773:
766:
755:
754:
752:
750:
745:on 1 August 2012
741:. Archived from
729:
723:
716:
703:
690:
684:
677:
660:
657:
653:
638:
634:
630:
619:
612:
479:Giulio Andreotti
471:Leonardo Messina
429:Luciano Violante
425:Paolo Borsellino
417:Giovanni Falcone
405:Luciano Violante
384:, among others.
333:Second Mafia War
295:Luciano Violante
276:Independent Left
272:Trial of the 114
268:Cesare Terranova
260:Cesare Terranova
234:Tommaso Buscetta
79:Preceding events
1790:
1789:
1785:
1784:
1783:
1781:
1780:
1779:
1745:
1744:
1743:
1738:
1715:
1686:Mala del Brenta
1607:
1579:
1528:
1449:
1443:
1432:First Mafia War
1420:
1404:
1379:
1357:
1324:
1276:
1248:
1215:
1176:Porto Empedocle
1143:
1090:
1053:Codes and terms
1047:
973:
968:
930:
921:
912:
903:
898:Wayback Machine
887:
882:Wayback Machine
871:
868:
827:
822:
821:
811:
810:
806:
797:
796:
792:
783:
776:
767:
758:
748:
746:
730:
726:
717:
706:
700:Wayback Machine
691:
687:
678:
663:
655:
654:
641:
632:
631:
622:
613:
609:
604:
586:
573:Chiara Colosimo
546:Giuseppe Pisanu
499:
465:like Buscetta,
398:
365:
318:
253:
209:
207:Interim reports
184:
182:New legislation
148:First Mafia War
140:
116:Ferruccio Parri
81:
72:organized crime
17:
12:
11:
5:
1788:
1778:
1777:
1772:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1740:
1739:
1737:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1720:
1717:
1716:
1714:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1667:
1666:
1659:Corsican mafia
1656:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1621:
1615:
1613:
1609:
1608:
1606:
1605:
1599:
1593:
1587:
1585:
1581:
1580:
1578:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1542:
1536:
1534:
1530:
1529:
1527:
1526:
1520:
1514:
1508:
1505:Capaci bombing
1502:
1496:
1490:
1484:
1478:
1472:
1466:
1460:
1453:
1451:
1445:
1444:
1442:
1441:
1435:
1428:
1426:
1422:
1421:
1419:
1418:
1412:
1410:
1406:
1405:
1403:
1402:
1397:
1391:
1389:
1385:
1384:
1381:
1380:
1378:
1377:
1371:
1365:
1363:
1359:
1358:
1356:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1334:
1332:
1326:
1325:
1323:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1286:
1284:
1278:
1277:
1275:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1258:
1256:
1250:
1249:
1247:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1225:
1223:
1217:
1216:
1214:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1198:
1193:
1188:
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1018:
1015:Capomandamento
1008:
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988:
981:
979:
975:
974:
971:Sicilian Mafia
967:
966:
959:
952:
944:
938:
937:
928:
919:
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907:Caso Impastato
901:
885:
867:
866:External links
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595:Antimafia Pool
592:
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582:
581:
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570:
565:Nicola Morra (
563:
553:
543:
533:
530:
523:Giuseppe Lumia
520:
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487:Gaspare Mutolo
475:Gaspare Mutolo
413:Capaci bombing
397:
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310:anni di piombo
252:
249:
241:Luciano Leggio
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840:0-333-80158-X
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787:
786:The Antimafia
781:
779:
771:
770:The Antimafia
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728:
721:
720:The Antimafia
715:
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670:
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637:
629:
627:
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617:
616:The Antimafia
611:
607:
596:
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587:
579:, since 2023)
578:
574:
571:
568:
564:
561:
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437:terzo livello
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345:Abdon Alinovi
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307:
306:Years of Lead
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38:
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30:
26:
22:
1664:Unione Corse
1544:
1450:and bombings
931:(in Italian)
922:(in Italian)
913:(in Italian)
904:(in Italian)
888:(in Italian)
872:(in Italian)
846:
831:
825:Bibliography
812:(in Italian)
807:
798:(in Italian)
793:
785:
769:
747:. Retrieved
743:the original
738:
727:
719:
688:
683:, p. 197-220
680:
656:(in Italian)
633:(in Italian)
615:
610:
569:, 2018–2022)
562:, 2013–2018)
552:, 2008–2013)
542:, 2006–2008)
529:, 1999–2001)
519:, 1996–1999)
509:, 1994–1996)
500:
484:
460:
458:
450:Tangentopoli
449:
443:
441:
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410:
390:
386:
366:
349:
337:Pio La Torre
330:
325:Pio La Torre
309:
303:
299:
288:
284:
280:Pio La Torre
265:
245:
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229:
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195:
193:
187:
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176:
156:
143:
141:
113:
109:Mario Scelba
100:
98:
82:
69:
20:
18:
1711:Vendicatori
1691:'Ndrangheta
1649:Beati Paoli
1604:(1985–1986)
1598:(1986–1992)
1440:(1981–1984)
1434:(1962–1963)
1272:Pagliarelli
1262:Porta Nuova
1027:Consigliere
1023:(Sottocapo)
445:Mani pulite
61:'Ndrangheta
1749:Categories
1644:Basilischi
1596:Maxi Trial
1565:Addiopizzo
1290:Camporeale
1267:Brancaccio
1149:Mandamenti
1104:Corleonesi
1066:Mandamento
1036:Caporegime
1032:Capodecina
985:Commission
788:, p. 52-60
784:Jamieson,
772:, p. 37-38
768:Jamieson,
722:, p. 16-23
718:Jamieson,
679:Servadio,
614:Jamieson,
602:References
556:Rosy Bindi
491:Corleonesi
459:Important
356:Maxi Trial
291:Salvo Lima
232:, such as
86:Labour Day
63:, and the
1755:Antimafia
1533:Antimafia
1448:Massacres
1369:Mistretta
1244:Mussomeli
1186:Cianciana
1181:Canicattì
1166:Agrigento
1129:Inzerillo
1044:(Soldier)
1021:Underboss
431:from the
378:extortion
266:In 1972,
225:Il Popolo
33:bicameral
1409:Meetings
1375:Siracusa
1305:Bagheria
1295:Corleone
1139:Graviano
1109:Galatolo
1061:Made man
987:(Cupola)
894:Archived
878:Archived
749:14 March
696:Archived
584:See also
159:Ciaculli
43:and the
1671:Garduña
1654:Camorra
1612:Related
1570:Pentito
1549:members
1388:Members
1343:Trapani
1254:Palermo
1086:Pizzino
1042:Soldato
681:Mafioso
618:, p. 52
462:pentiti
373:Masonic
230:mafiosi
196:mafiosi
132:Palermo
57:Camorra
31:) is a
25:Italian
1701:Stidda
1584:Trials
1525:(1993)
1519:(1993)
1513:(1992)
1507:(1992)
1501:(1985)
1495:(1984)
1489:(1983)
1483:(1982)
1477:(1982)
1471:(1969)
1465:(1963)
1459:(1947)
1353:Alcamo
1310:Trabia
1300:Cinisi
1191:Ribera
1124:Motisi
1119:Minore
1071:OmertĂ
1001:Family
853:
838:
473:, and
380:, and
59:, the
1362:Other
1239:Riesi
1114:Greco
1096:Clans
1081:Pizzo
1076:Faida
1005:Cosca
382:usury
188:Mafia
49:Mafia
1425:Wars
1373:Sud
1229:Gela
1011:Boss
851:ISBN
836:ISBN
751:2016
659:2005
126:and
19:The
577:FdI
567:M5S
550:PdL
540:PRC
517:SDI
1751::
777:^
759:^
737:.
707:^
664:^
642:^
623:^
560:PD
527:SD
507:FI
469:,
347:.
203:.
67:.
27::
1551:)
1547:(
1038:)
1034:(
1017:)
1013:(
1007:)
1003:(
963:e
956:t
949:v
842:.
753:.
575:(
558:(
548:(
538:(
525:(
515:(
308:(
23:(
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