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here that denying what is now called human exceptionalism could lead to tyranny, writing that if humans ever came to believe that they do not possess a unique moral status, the intellectual foundation of their liberties collapses: "Why, then, should not groups of superior men be able to justify their enslavement, exploitation, or even genocide of inferior human groups on factual and moral grounds akin to those we now rely on to justify our treatment of the animals we harness as beasts of burden, that we butcher for food and clothing, or that we destroy as disease-bearing pests or as dangerous predators?"
427:, notes that "an obsession with denying any pre-eminence to the human person" endangers the concern which should be shown to protecting and upholding the welfare of all people, which he argues should rank alongside the "care for our common home" which is the subject of his letter. In the same text he acknowledges that "a mistaken understanding" of Christian belief "has at times led us to justify mistreating nature, to exercise tyranny over creation": in such actions, Christian believers have "not faithful to the treasures of wisdom which we have been called to protect and preserve. In his follow-up
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cultural assumptions about the place of humans in the natural world. For example, whereas young children who kept goldfish were found to think of frogs as being more goldfish-like, other children tended to think of frogs in terms of humans. More generally, children raised in rural environments appear to use anthropocentric thinking less than their urban counterparts because of their greater familiarity with different species of animals and plants. Studies involving children from some of the
850:, this theme of anthropocentrism is also present. Whereas originally the animals planned for liberation from humans and animal equality, as evident from the "seven commandments" such as "whatever goes upon two legs is an enemy", "Whatever goes upon four legs, or has wings, is a friend", "All animals are equal"; the pigs would later abridge the commandments with statements such as "All animals are equal, but some animals are more equal than others", and "Four legs good, two legs better."
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634:. Children as young as 6 have been found to attribute human characteristics to species unfamiliar to them (in Japan), such as rabbits, grasshoppers or tulips. Although relatively little is known about its persistence at a later age, evidence exists that this pattern of human exceptionalist thinking can continue through young adulthood at least, even among students who have been increasingly educated in biology.
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1421:. Australian Ecosystems : 200 years of utilization, degradation and reconstruction : a symposium held in Geraldton, Western Australia, 28 August-2 September 1988. Proceedings of the Ecological Society of Australia. Vol. 16. Chipping Norton, N.S.W.: Surrey Beatty & Sons, for the Ecological Society of Australia. pp. 411–418.
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well-being of humans, but that they do not really consider enough in what that well-being consists. According to this view, we need to develop an enriched, fortified anthropocentric notion of human interest to replace the dominant short-term, sectional and self-regarding conception." In turn, Plumwood in
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unquestionably a unique species—the only species capable of even contemplating ethical issues and assuming responsibilities—we uniquely are capable of apprehending the difference between right and wrong, good and evil, proper and improper conduct toward animals. Or to put it more succinctly, if being
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scholar who lived in the twelfth century AD, was renowned for his staunch opposition to anthropocentrism. He referred to humans as "just a drop in the bucket" and asserted that "humans are not the axis of the world". He also claimed that anthropocentric thinking is what leads humans to believe in the
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systematically analyzes anthropocentrism and concludes that value is fundamentally an opinion, and since life forms naturally value their own traits, most humans are misled to believe that they are actually more valuable than other species. This natural bias, according to the film, combined with a
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series. After humanity's first contact results in a brief war, many humans in the series develop suspicious or even hostile attitudes towards the game's various alien races. By the time of the first game, which takes place several decades after the war, many humans still retain such sentiments in
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wrote, "Those who oppose injurious discrimination on the moral ground that all human beings, being equal in their humanity, should be treated equally in all those respects that concern their common humanity, would have no solid basis in fact to support their normative principle." Adler is stating
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Many devoted environmentalists encompass a somewhat anthropocentric-based philosophical view supporting the fact that they will argue in favor of saving the environment for the sake of human populations. Grey writes: "We should be concerned to promote a rich, diverse, and vibrant biosphere. Human
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also rely on death). Conversely, anthropocentric thinking can also lead people to underattribute human characteristics to other organisms. For instance, it may be tempting to wrongly assume that an animal that is very different from humans, such as an insect, will not share particular biological
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has been used to justify an anthropocentric worldview, but recently some have found it controversial, viewing it as possibly a mistranslation from the Hebrew. However an argument can be made that the Bible actually places all the importance on God as creator, and humans as merely another part of
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Some environmental philosophers have argued that anthropocentrism is a core part of a perceived human drive to dominate or "master" the Earth. Anthropocentrism is believed by some to be the central problematic concept in environmental philosophy, where it is used to draw attention to claims of a
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contend that the maintenance of a healthy, sustainable environment is necessary for human well-being as opposed to for its own sake. According to
William Grey, the problem with a "shallow" viewpoint is not that it is human-centred: "What's wrong with shallow views is not their concern about the
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human characteristic has been challenged by study of
American children raised in urban environments, among whom it appears to emerge between the ages of 3 and 5 years as an acquired perspective. Children's recourse to anthropocentric thinking seems to vary with their experience of nature, and
297:. However, many proponents of anthropocentrism state that this is not necessarily the case: they argue that a sound long-term view acknowledges that the global environment must be made continually suitable for humans and that the real issue is shallow anthropocentrism.
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The supposed psychical gulf between human and non-human beings has no more existence, outside the flamboyant imagination of man, than has the once-supposed physical gulf. It is pure fiction. The supposition is a relic of the rapidly dwindling vanity of
548:], and is perpetuated from age to age by human selfishness and conceit. It has no foundation either in science or in common-sense. Man strives to lessen his guilt by the laudation of himself and the disparagement and degradation of his victims.
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And God said, Let us make man in our image, after our likeness: and let them have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over the cattle, and over all the earth, and over every creeping thing that creepeth upon the
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states "ape has never killed ape, let alone an ape child. Aldo has killed an ape child. The branch did not break. It was cut with a sword." in reference to planned murder; a stereotypical human concept. Additionally, in
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Anthropocentrism tends to interpret the world in terms of human values and experiences. It is considered to be profoundly embedded in many modern human cultures and conscious acts. It is a major concept in the field of
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flourishing may certainly be included as a legitimate part of such a flourishing." Such a concern for human flourishing amidst the flourishing of life as a whole, however, is said to be indistinguishable from that of
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describes anthropocentrism as "The conviction that humans are the pinnacle of evolution, the appropriate yardstick by which to measure the lives of other animals, and the rightful owners of everything that lives."
822:, this is contrasted with Attar (a gorilla)'s quote "take your stinking hands off me, you damn dirty human!". This links in with allusions that in becoming the dominant species apes are becoming more like humans (
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In fiction from all eras and societies, there is fiction depicting the actions of humans to ride, eat, milk, and otherwise treat (non-human) animals as inferior. There are occasional fictional exceptions, such as
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roots of anthropocentrism and how it shaped human views of non-human animals. Some
Christian proponents of anthropocentrism base their belief on the Bible, such as the verse 1:26 in the
437:(2023) he refers to a preferable understanding of "the unique and central value of the human being amid the marvellous concert of all God's creatures" as a "situated anthropocentrism".
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PhilPapers, Systems
Thinking and Universal Dialogue: The Creation of a Noosphere in Today's Era of Globalization, Author-Martha C. Beck, Dialogue and Universalism 23 (3):123-136 (2013)
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ethics, which rather than giving more value to humans based on their species membership, assert that "other things being equal, equally strong interests should count equally." This
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Taylor, Sandra G. (1990). "Naturalness: The concept and its application to
Australian ecosystems". In Saunders, Denis Allen; Hopkins, Angus John Malcolm; How, R. A. (eds.).
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because of its anthropocentrism, often claimed to be constitutive of traditional
Western moral thought. Indeed, defenders of anthropocentrism concerned with the
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has written that human exceptionalism is what gives rise to human duties to each other, the natural world, and to treat animals humanely. Writing in
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advocates, who contend that the belief that humans are more important than other animals is false and that like humans, non-human animals have
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traditions, resulting in a much less anthropocentric view of the natural world than is experienced by many children in
Western societies.
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2214:. Vol. 16, no. 1. Brunswick, Australia: Pacifica Theological Studies Association (published Feb 2003). pp. 67–88.
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has been defined as "the tendency to reason about unfamiliar biological species or processes by analogy to humans." Reasoning by
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systematic bias in traditional
Western attitudes to the non-human world that shapes humans' sense of self and identities.
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Piccolo, John J.; Taylor, Bron; Washington, Haydn; Kopnina, Helen; Gray, Joe; Alberro, Heather; Orlikowska, Ewa (2022).
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411:, Moses Maimonides "refuted the exaggerated ideas about the importance of man and urged us to abandon these fantasies.
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received sense of comfort and an excuse for exploitation of non-humans cause anthropocentrism to remain in society.
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franchise focuses on the analogy of apes becoming the dominant species in society and the fall of humans (see also
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is an attractive thinking strategy, and it can be tempting to apply one's own experience of being human to other
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anthropocentrism (which "characterizes paradigms that make assumptions or assertions about the superiority of
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sees the pre-eminence of human beings over the rest of creation in terms of service rather than domination.
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1815:"Intuitive biological thought: Developmental changes and effects of biology education in late adolescence"
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Anthropocentric thinking has predominantly been studied in young children (mostly up to the age of 10) by
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1273:(eds) D.S. Mannison, M. McRobbie and R. Routley. Canberra: ANU Research School of Social Sciences: 96-189
1758:"Common Origins of Diverse Misconceptions: Cognitive Principles and the Development of Biology Thinking"
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Analysis of global fiction and science fiction without neither source nor examples. Needs an expert of
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systems. For example, because death is commonly felt to be undesirable, it may be tempting to form the
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principle is based on the dictum "everybody to count for one, nobody for more than one" attributed to
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in anti-racist theory. Plumwood called human-centredness "anthrocentrism" to emphasise this parallel.
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anthropocentrism (which "characterizes paradigms that begin from, center upon, or are ordered around
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anthropocentrism (which "characterizes paradigms informed by sense-data from human sensory organs");
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that death at a cellular level or elsewhere in nature is similarly undesirable (whereas in reality
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are the central or most important entity on the planet. The term can be used interchangeably with
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453:. Defenders of anthropocentrism argue that it is the necessary fundamental premise to defend
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1856:"Anthropocentrism is not the first step in children's reasoning about the natural world"
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2010:"Now Online! Debut of New Anti-Speciesist Film, "The Superior Human?" - Dr. Steve Best"
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1465:"Retranslating Genesis 1–2: Reconnecting Biblical Thought and Contemporary Experience"
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30:"Anthropocentric" and "Anthropism" redirect here. For The Ocean Collective album, see
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Australian ecosystems : 200 years of utilization, degradation and reconstruction
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Human supremacism: why are animal rights activists still the "orphans of the left"?
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1104:"Environmental Ethics, See: 1. Introduction: The Challenge of Environmental Ethics"
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818:, Taylor, a human states "take your stinking paws off me, you damn dirty ape!". In
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577:
457:, since what matters morally is simply being human. For example, noted philosopher
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in South
America showed a tendency to think of living organisms in terms of their
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human isn't what requires us to treat animals humanely, what in the world does?"
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One of the first extended philosophical essays addressing environmental ethics,
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It is possible to distinguish between at least three types of anthropocentrism:
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Coley, John D; Arenson, Melanie; Xu, Yian; Tanner, Kimberly D (February 2017).
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have found little use of anthropocentric thinking. Study of children among the
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A Rat is a Pig is a Dog is a Boy: The Human Cost of the Animal Rights
Movement
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281:, its capacities, the primacy of its values, its position in the universe").
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2167:""Nature's contributions to people" and peoples' moral obligations to nature"
1951:
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Plumwood, V. 1996. Androcentrism and Anthrocentrism: Parallels and Politics.
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is the idea that humans, as both beings and as a species, are the superior
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Naess, A (1973). "The Shallow and the Deep, Long-Range Ecology Movement".
238:. From an anthropocentric perspective, humankind is seen as separate from
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512:. One of the earliest of these critics was the zoologist and philosopher
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Routley, R. and V. 1980. 'Human Chauvinism and Environmental Ethics' in
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argued that anthropocentrism plays an analogous role in green theory to
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Herrmann, Patricia; Waxman, Sandra R; Medin, Douglas L (1 June 2010).
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1609:, paragraph 67, published on 4 October 2023, accessed on 22 June 2024
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1926:"Young Children's Developing Understanding of the Biological World"
1656:(Fall 2017 ed.), Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University
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have argued against anthropocentric ethics, instead advocating for
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of anthropocentrism and as a generalised form of anthropocentrism.
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1512:"The Bible and anthropocentrism: putting humans in their place"
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as aberrations to the rule distinguishing people from animals.
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General System Theory: Foundations, Development, Applications
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Belief that humans are the most important beings in existence
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characteristics, such as reproduction or blood circulation.
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2126:"Anthropocentrism: More than Just a Misunderstood Problem"
990:(2003) , Peter Roach; James Hartmann; Jane Setter (eds.),
1569:(1st ed.). Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 145.
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Human Supremacy: The Source of All Environmental Crises?
1187:
531:(1859) "sealed the doom of anthropocentricism [
2246:"Human Lives Are Not More Important Than Animal Lives"
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Environmental Culture: The Ecological Crisis of Reason
340:
Environmental Culture: The Ecological Crisis of Reason
1327:"Chapter 6 Philosophy, Prudence and Anthropocentrism"
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Milstein, Tema; Castro-Sotomayor, José, eds. (2020).
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181:
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2263:, Vol 155 (Number 3767), 10 March 1967, pp 1203–1207
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1622:, (New York, Fordham University Press, 1993), p.264.
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1596:, published 24 May 2015, accessed 28 December 2023
342:argued that Grey's anthropocentrism is inadequate.
172:
67:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1510:
4096:Racial bias in criminal news in the United States
2208:. Meeting of the Victorian Medico-Legal Society.
1923:
1638:, (New York, Encounter Books, 2010), pp. 243-244.
1620:The Difference of Man and the Difference It Makes
1336:. Taylor & Francis. pp. (123–) 130–142.
687:needs attention from an expert in Science Fiction
407:existence of evil things in nature. According to
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2131:Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics
3756:Same-sex marriage (laws and issues prohibiting)
2096:Anthropocentrism: Humans, Animals, Environments
1924:Marshall, Peter J; Brenneman, Kimberly (2016).
1919:
1917:
1860:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
757:addition to forming 'pro-human' organizations.
637:The notion that anthropocentric thinking is an
3238:SPLC-designated list of anti-LGBTQ hate groups
1989:""The Superior Human?" Official Movie Website"
1012:
1010:
618:is an essential physiological phenomenon, and
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4251:
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2036:"The Superior Human? Who Do We Think We Are?"
1129:"Environmental Ethics, See: 1a. Human Beings"
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3454:List of people killed for being transgender
2257:The Historical Roots of Our Ecologic Crisis
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1724:. London: Parker, Son, and Bourn. pp.
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445:Anthropocentrism is the grounding for some
300:
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2310:
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1756:Coley, John D; Tanner, Kimberly D (2012).
1191:Routledge Handbook of Ecocultural Identity
2192:
2143:
2064:. Little, Brown and Company. p. 46.
1941:
1897:
1879:
1830:
1806:
1789:
1732:
994:, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,
127:Learn how and when to remove this message
2577:Social determinants of health in poverty
1324:
1016:
893:Anthropocentric embodied energy analysis
797:mocked the belief in human supremacy in
500:Anthropocentrism has been criticised by
242:and superior to it, and other entities (
4401:Debate on Exclusivism in the SDA Church
2123:
1654:The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
1508:
1462:
630:interested in its relevance to biology
589:
14:
4768:
2201:
2101:
1964:
1692:
1463:Hiebert, Theodore (12 December 2019).
1416:
1042:
701:may be able to help recruit an expert.
391:The use of the word "dominion" in the
4594:
4239:
2291:
1675:
1671:
1669:
1647:
1588:
1586:
1363:
1330:(Google Books online preview version)
1152:
986:
764:. At times, this ideal also includes
665:
465:Author and anthropocentrism defender
354:, which has been proposed as both an
4220:
3260:Capital punishment for homosexuality
2582:Social determinants of mental health
2124:Kopnina, Helen; et al. (2018).
2059:
1717:
1682:. Chicago: Charles H. Kerr & Co.
1282:
1038:
1036:
671:
329:has been criticised by defenders of
65:adding citations to reliable sources
36:
3380:Genital modification and mutilation
2154:"Three Types of Anthropocentrism".
1564:
1285:"Anthropocentrism and Deep Ecology"
1133:Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
1108:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
803:(written c. 1909, published 1962).
230:, and some refer to the concept as
222: 'center') is the belief that
24:
4265:
2317:
2205:Religion, science, and environment
2081:
1666:
1583:
1289:Australasian Journal of Philosophy
1232:Feminism and the Mastery of Nature
644:indigenous peoples of the Americas
370:series "A Planet For the Taking",
25:
4802:
4620:
1509:Simkins, Ronald (December 2014).
1045:"Three Types of Anthropocentrism"
1033:
1029:from the original on 29 May 2021.
828:Battle for the Planet of the Apes
4219:
4210:
4209:
3859:Diversity, equity, and inclusion
3696:Law for Protection of the Nation
3596:White genocide conspiracy theory
2156:Environmental Philosophy 15 (2):
746:discrimination against sentient
742:on a galactic scale, it entails
738:. Essentially the equivalent of
676:
652:perceived taxonomic similarities
489:
475:A Rat is a Pig is a Dog is a Boy
421:, in his 2015 encyclical letter
215: 'human being' and
144:
41:
3701:MSM blood donation restrictions
3449:LGBT grooming conspiracy theory
2202:Seigel, Michael T. (May 2002).
2087:Bertalanffy, Ludwig Von (1993)
2053:
2028:
2002:
1981:
1967:"Damned Human Race: Mark Twain"
1958:
1930:Early Education and Development
1847:
1711:
1695:"The Antispeciesist Revolution"
1686:
1641:
1625:
1612:
1599:
1558:
1502:
1456:
1435:
1410:
1384:
1357:
1318:
1276:
1263:
1258:Man's Responsibility for Nature
1250:
1237:
1224:
943:Intrinsic value (animal ethics)
440:
327:Man's Responsibility for Nature
52:needs additional citations for
3714:(as religious or racial quota)
1832:10.1016/j.cogpsych.2016.11.001
1392:"The University of Queensland"
1181:
1146:
1121:
1096:
1087:
1080:Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary
1067:
992:English Pronouncing Dictionary
980:
837:Dawn of the Planet of the Apes
13:
1:
4128:Second-generation gender bias
3844:Constitutional colorblindness
2572:Social determinants of health
1943:10.1080/10409289.2016.1220772
1652:, in Zalta, Edward N. (ed.),
1650:"The Moral Status of Animals"
974:
2194:10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109572
1762:CBE: Life Sciences Education
766:fear of and superiority over
542:anthropocentricism [
7:
4039:Medical model of disability
3891:Hate speech laws by country
2107:The Myth of Human Supremacy
875:
775:, downplaying the ideas of
699:WikiProject Science Fiction
689:. The specific problem is:
628:developmental psychologists
362:Judaeo–Christian traditions
10:
4807:
4148:Social model of disability
2627:Discrimination against men
2094:Boddice, Rob (ed.) (2011)
1718:Mill, John Stuart (1863).
1364:Vuong, Quan-Hoang (2023).
1245:Ethics and the Environment
1061:10.5840/envirophil20184564
1043:Mylius, Ben (2018-10-15).
760:This idea is countered by
493:
29:
4705:
4628:
4547:
4444:
4409:
4390:Jews as the chosen people
4362:
4349:Nicaraguan exceptionalism
4273:
4205:
3944:
3821:
3614:
3501:Opposition to immigration
3225:
2872:
2719:
2469:
2419:Race / Ethnicity
2356:
2325:
2145:10.1007/s10806-018-9711-1
1676:Moore, J. Howard (1906).
1567:Studies in Jewish Thought
1529:10.1007/s10624-014-9348-z
1301:10.1080/00048409312345442
1167:10.1080/00201747308601682
789:Tilden's Laws of Robotics
3496:Occupational segregation
3265:Compulsory sterilization
2253:White, Lynn Townsend, Jr
2098:Leiden and Boston: Brill
1517:Dialectical Anthropology
1481:10.1177/2051677019877229
1443:"insurgentdesire.org.uk"
1271:Environmental Philosophy
1049:Environmental Philosophy
948:Object-oriented ontology
600:anthropocentric thinking
528:On the Origin of Species
415:Catholic social teaching
301:Environmental philosophy
291:environmental philosophy
4753:Template:Exceptionalism
4327:European exceptionalism
4281:American exceptionalism
4024:Internalized oppression
3886:Fighting Discrimination
3876:Fat acceptance movement
3834:Anti-discrimination law
3474:Native American mascots
2172:Biological Conservation
2109:. Seven Stories Press.
2060:Foer, Jonathan (2009).
1881:10.1073/pnas.1004440107
1023:Encyclopedia Britannica
693:Science fiction studies
314:in feminist theory and
32:Anthropocentric (album)
4791:Philosophical theories
4482:Template:Ethnocentrism
4432:
4311:Chinese exceptionalism
4293:
4143:Social identity threat
4116:Reverse discrimination
4106:Racial color blindness
3586:Violence against women
3566:Sex-selective abortion
1774:10.1187/cbe.12-06-0074
1693:Pearce, David (2013).
1325:Plumwood, Val (2002).
800:Letters from the Earth
550:
481:ideology, "Because we
455:universal human rights
389:
254:, etc.) are viewed as
4375:Religious exclusivism
4111:Religious intolerance
4071:Political correctness
3901:Intersex human rights
3849:Cultural assimilation
3531:Religious persecution
3295:Disability hate crime
2271:New Statesman America
1679:The Universal Kinship
1592:Pope Francis (2015),
1370:. Walter de Gruyter.
1200:10.4324/9781351068840
853:The 2012 documentary
616:programmed cell death
552:Philosophers such as
539:
519:The Universal Kinship
447:naturalistic concepts
384:
273:/ ‘the human'"); and
4781:Environmental ethics
4509:Planetary chauvinism
3516:Political repression
2522:Anti-left handedness
2512:Anti-intellectualism
2152:Mylius, Ben (2018).
1819:Cognitive Psychology
1648:Gruen, Lori (2017),
1565:Dan, Joseph (1989).
1469:The Bible Translator
1017:Boslaugh SE (2013).
923:Great chain of being
918:Great ape personhood
658:considerations, and
596:cognitive psychology
590:Cognitive psychology
287:environmental ethics
236:human exceptionalism
61:improve this article
4504:Particle chauvinism
4338:Thai exceptionalism
4019:Historical eugenics
3556:Segregation academy
3536:Religious terrorism
3325:Enemy of the people
3233:Anti-LGBTQ rhetoric
2759:Jehovah's Witnesses
2652:Perpetual foreigner
2185:2022BCons.27009572P
1872:2010PNAS..107.9979H
1618:Mortimer J. Adler,
1256:Passmore, J. 1974.
1234:. London: Routledge
1230:Plumwood, V. 1993.
883:Anthropic principle
855:The Superior Human?
522:(1906) argued that
471:Discovery Institute
258:for humans to use.
4494:HIV exceptionalism
4395:Unification Church
4287:Cultural Exception
3931:Social integration
3926:Self-determination
3916:Racial integration
3864:Diversity training
3854:Cultural pluralism
3829:Affirmative action
3729:Racial segregation
3639:Crime of apartheid
3541:Religious violence
3051:Indigenous people
2446:Sexual orientation
1083:. Merriam-Webster.
1075:"anthropocentrism"
1019:"Anthropocentrism"
808:Planet of the Apes
781:cybernetic revolts
666:In popular culture
76:"Anthropocentrism"
4763:
4762:
4706:Related phenomena
4629:Regional variants
4588:
4587:
4499:Carbon chauvinism
4422:God's Own Country
4233:
4232:
4101:Racism by country
4029:Intersectionality
4014:Heteronormativity
3813:Voter suppression
3561:Sexual harassment
3360:Forced conversion
3280:Cultural genocide
2950:African Americans
2769:post–Cold War era
2754:Eastern Orthodoxy
2507:Anti-drug addicts
2502:Anti-homelessness
2429:Scientific racism
2284:December 25, 2021
2273:. April 30, 2019.
2071:978-0-316-06990-8
1969:. skeptically.org
1866:(22): 9979–9984.
1576:978-0-275-93038-7
1377:978-83-67405-14-0
1367:Mindsponge Theory
1260:London: Duckworth
1001:978-3-12-539683-8
898:Carbon chauvinism
861:In his 2009 book
716:
715:
459:Mortimer J. Adler
409:Rabbi Norman Lamm
335:ecological crisis
137:
136:
129:
111:
16:(Redirected from
4798:
4713:Anthropocentrism
4615:
4608:
4601:
4592:
4591:
4529:Phallogocentrism
4457:Anthropocentrism
4437:
4343:Hangul supremacy
4298:
4260:
4253:
4246:
4237:
4236:
4223:
4222:
4213:
4212:
4153:Social privilege
4138:Social exclusion
4066:Police brutality
3987:Multiculturalism
3957:Amatonormativity
3788:Social exclusion
3624:Age of candidacy
3424:Homeless dumping
3330:Ethnic cleansing
2312:
2305:
2298:
2289:
2288:
2281:Psychology Today
2249:
2237:
2235:
2234:
2229:on 21 March 2012
2228:
2222:. Archived from
2198:
2196:
2149:
2147:
2120:
2076:
2075:
2057:
2051:
2050:
2048:
2046:
2040:Psychology Today
2032:
2026:
2025:
2023:
2021:
2006:
2000:
1999:
1997:
1995:
1985:
1979:
1978:
1976:
1974:
1962:
1956:
1955:
1945:
1936:(8): 1103–1108.
1921:
1912:
1911:
1901:
1883:
1851:
1845:
1844:
1834:
1810:
1804:
1803:
1793:
1753:
1730:
1729:
1715:
1709:
1708:
1706:
1705:
1690:
1684:
1683:
1673:
1664:
1663:
1662:
1661:
1645:
1639:
1629:
1623:
1616:
1610:
1603:
1597:
1590:
1581:
1580:
1562:
1556:
1555:
1553:
1551:
1514:
1506:
1500:
1499:
1497:
1495:
1460:
1454:
1453:
1451:
1449:
1439:
1433:
1432:
1414:
1408:
1407:
1405:
1403:
1394:. Archived from
1388:
1382:
1381:
1361:
1355:
1354:
1352:
1350:
1331:
1322:
1316:
1315:
1313:
1312:
1303:. Archived from
1283:Grey, W (1993).
1280:
1274:
1267:
1261:
1254:
1248:
1241:
1235:
1228:
1222:
1221:
1185:
1179:
1178:
1150:
1144:
1143:
1141:
1139:
1125:
1119:
1118:
1116:
1114:
1100:
1094:
1091:
1085:
1084:
1071:
1065:
1064:
1040:
1031:
1030:
1014:
1005:
1004:
984:
824:anthropomorphism
812:human extinction
740:racial supremacy
711:
708:
702:
680:
679:
672:
578:John Stuart Mill
537:]" and that:
524:Charles Darwin's
477:, a critique of
400:Moses Maimonides
203:
202:
199:
198:
195:
192:
189:
186:
183:
180:
177:
174:
171:
168:
165:
162:
159:
156:
153:
150:
140:Anthropocentrism
132:
125:
121:
118:
112:
110:
69:
45:
37:
21:
4806:
4805:
4801:
4800:
4799:
4797:
4796:
4795:
4766:
4765:
4764:
4759:
4733:Religiocentrism
4701:
4666:Hellenocentrism
4661:Germanocentrism
4624:
4619:
4589:
4584:
4543:
4440:
4405:
4370:Religiocentrism
4358:
4269:
4264:
4234:
4229:
4201:
4076:Polyculturalism
3972:Civil liberties
3940:
3921:Reappropriation
3822:Countermeasures
3817:
3746:Racial steering
3712:Numerus clausus
3616:
3610:
3335:Ethnic conflict
3270:Corrective rape
3221:
2868:
2715:
2607:HIV/AIDS stigma
2465:
2414:Mental disorder
2352:
2321:
2316:
2232:
2230:
2226:
2117:
2103:Jensen, Derrick
2091:pp. 239–48
2084:
2082:Further reading
2079:
2072:
2058:
2054:
2044:
2042:
2034:
2033:
2029:
2019:
2017:
2008:
2007:
2003:
1993:
1991:
1987:
1986:
1982:
1972:
1970:
1963:
1959:
1922:
1915:
1852:
1848:
1811:
1807:
1754:
1733:
1716:
1712:
1703:
1701:
1691:
1687:
1674:
1667:
1659:
1657:
1646:
1642:
1630:
1626:
1617:
1613:
1604:
1600:
1591:
1584:
1577:
1563:
1559:
1549:
1547:
1507:
1503:
1493:
1491:
1461:
1457:
1447:
1445:
1441:
1440:
1436:
1429:
1415:
1411:
1401:
1399:
1398:on 26 July 2008
1390:
1389:
1385:
1378:
1362:
1358:
1348:
1346:
1344:
1329:
1323:
1319:
1310:
1308:
1281:
1277:
1268:
1264:
1255:
1251:
1242:
1238:
1229:
1225:
1210:
1186:
1182:
1151:
1147:
1137:
1135:
1127:
1126:
1122:
1112:
1110:
1102:
1101:
1097:
1092:
1088:
1073:
1072:
1068:
1041:
1034:
1015:
1008:
1002:
985:
981:
977:
972:
878:
826:). In the film
728:science fiction
721:talking animals
712:
706:
703:
697:
681:
677:
668:
592:
514:J. Howard Moore
510:intrinsic value
498:
492:
467:Wesley J. Smith
443:
380:Book of Genesis
364:
303:
232:human supremacy
147:
143:
133:
122:
116:
113:
70:
68:
58:
46:
35:
28:
23:
22:
18:Anthropocentric
15:
12:
11:
5:
4804:
4794:
4793:
4788:
4783:
4778:
4761:
4760:
4758:
4757:
4756:
4755:
4748:Exceptionalism
4745:
4740:
4738:Sentiocentrism
4735:
4730:
4725:
4723:Exceptionalism
4720:
4718:Chronocentrism
4715:
4709:
4707:
4703:
4702:
4700:
4699:
4698:
4697:
4696:
4695:
4685:
4675:
4674:
4673:
4668:
4663:
4658:
4653:
4643:
4638:
4632:
4630:
4626:
4625:
4618:
4617:
4610:
4603:
4595:
4586:
4585:
4583:
4582:
4580:Technocentrism
4577:
4572:
4567:
4562:
4557:
4551:
4549:
4545:
4544:
4542:
4541:
4536:
4531:
4526:
4524:Phallocentrism
4521:
4516:
4514:Sentiocentrism
4511:
4506:
4501:
4496:
4491:
4486:
4485:
4484:
4474:
4469:
4464:
4459:
4454:
4448:
4446:
4442:
4441:
4439:
4438:
4429:
4427:Middle Kingdom
4424:
4419:
4413:
4411:
4407:
4406:
4404:
4403:
4398:
4392:
4387:
4382:
4377:
4372:
4366:
4364:
4360:
4359:
4357:
4356:
4351:
4346:
4340:
4335:
4329:
4324:
4319:(Europe &
4314:
4307:Han chauvinism
4300:
4290:
4284:
4277:
4275:
4271:
4270:
4267:Exceptionalism
4263:
4262:
4255:
4248:
4240:
4231:
4230:
4228:
4227:
4217:
4206:
4203:
4202:
4200:
4199:
4194:
4193:
4192:
4182:
4177:
4172:
4171:
4170:
4165:
4160:
4150:
4145:
4140:
4135:
4130:
4125:
4124:
4123:
4121:Reverse racism
4113:
4108:
4103:
4098:
4093:
4091:Prisoner abuse
4088:
4083:
4081:Power distance
4078:
4073:
4068:
4063:
4058:
4053:
4048:
4047:
4046:
4036:
4031:
4026:
4021:
4016:
4011:
4006:
4001:
3999:Ethnic penalty
3996:
3995:
3994:
3992:Neurodiversity
3989:
3979:
3977:Dehumanization
3974:
3969:
3967:Cisnormativity
3964:
3959:
3954:
3948:
3946:
3945:Related topics
3942:
3941:
3939:
3938:
3933:
3928:
3923:
3918:
3913:
3908:
3903:
3898:
3893:
3888:
3883:
3878:
3873:
3868:
3867:
3866:
3856:
3851:
3846:
3841:
3836:
3831:
3825:
3823:
3819:
3818:
3816:
3815:
3810:
3805:
3803:State religion
3800:
3795:
3790:
3785:
3784:
3783:
3778:
3773:
3768:
3758:
3753:
3748:
3743:
3742:
3741:
3739:Nuremberg Laws
3736:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3708:
3703:
3698:
3693:
3688:
3683:
3681:Ghetto benches
3678:
3676:Gerrymandering
3673:
3668:
3663:
3661:Gender pay gap
3658:
3657:
3656:
3651:
3641:
3636:
3631:
3626:
3620:
3618:
3615:Discriminatory
3612:
3611:
3609:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3513:
3508:
3503:
3498:
3493:
3492:
3491:
3486:
3481:
3471:
3466:
3461:
3456:
3451:
3446:
3444:Lavender scare
3441:
3439:Kill Haole Day
3436:
3434:Indian rolling
3431:
3426:
3421:
3416:
3411:
3410:
3409:
3399:
3394:
3393:
3392:
3382:
3377:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3320:Eliminationism
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3262:
3257:
3255:Cancel culture
3252:
3247:
3242:
3241:
3240:
3229:
3227:
3226:Manifestations
3223:
3222:
3220:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3179:
3174:
3169:
3164:
3159:
3154:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3124:
3122:Middle Eastern
3119:
3114:
3109:
3104:
3099:
3094:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3068:
3067:
3062:
3057:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3004:
2999:
2994:
2989:
2984:
2979:
2974:
2969:
2964:
2963:
2962:
2957:
2952:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2931:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2879:
2877:
2870:
2869:
2867:
2866:
2864:Zoroastrianism
2861:
2856:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2840:
2839:
2829:
2828:
2827:
2826:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2795:
2794:
2793:
2791:Untouchability
2788:
2778:
2773:
2772:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2725:
2723:
2717:
2716:
2714:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2702:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2681:
2680:
2679:
2674:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2624:
2619:
2617:Leprosy stigma
2614:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2473:
2471:
2467:
2466:
2464:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2432:
2431:
2426:
2416:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2371:
2366:
2360:
2358:
2354:
2353:
2351:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2329:
2327:
2323:
2322:
2319:Discrimination
2315:
2314:
2307:
2300:
2292:
2286:
2285:
2274:
2264:
2250:
2238:
2199:
2162:
2150:
2121:
2116:978-1609806781
2115:
2099:
2092:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2077:
2070:
2062:Eating Animals
2052:
2027:
2014:Dr. Steve Best
2001:
1980:
1957:
1913:
1846:
1805:
1768:(3): 209–215.
1731:
1721:Utilitarianism
1710:
1699:www.hedweb.com
1685:
1665:
1640:
1624:
1611:
1605:Pope Francis,
1598:
1582:
1575:
1557:
1523:(4): 397–413.
1501:
1475:(3): 261–272.
1455:
1434:
1427:
1409:
1383:
1376:
1356:
1342:
1317:
1295:(4): 463–475.
1275:
1262:
1249:
1236:
1223:
1208:
1180:
1145:
1120:
1095:
1086:
1066:
1055:(2): 159–194.
1032:
1006:
1000:
978:
976:
973:
971:
970:
968:Theocentricism
965:
963:Technocentrism
960:
955:
953:Sentiocentrism
950:
945:
940:
935:
930:
925:
920:
915:
913:Existentialism
910:
905:
900:
895:
890:
885:
879:
877:
874:
864:Eating Animals
732:humanocentrism
714:
713:
684:
682:
675:
667:
664:
591:
588:
583:Utilitarianism
574:Jeremy Bentham
562:antispeciesist
494:Main article:
491:
488:
442:
439:
363:
360:
302:
299:
228:humanocentrism
135:
134:
49:
47:
40:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4803:
4792:
4789:
4787:
4784:
4782:
4779:
4777:
4776:Animal ethics
4774:
4773:
4771:
4754:
4751:
4750:
4749:
4746:
4744:
4741:
4739:
4736:
4734:
4731:
4729:
4726:
4724:
4721:
4719:
4716:
4714:
4711:
4710:
4708:
4704:
4694:
4691:
4690:
4689:
4686:
4684:
4681:
4680:
4679:
4676:
4672:
4671:Italocentrism
4669:
4667:
4664:
4662:
4659:
4657:
4656:Gallocentrism
4654:
4652:
4651:Anglocentrism
4649:
4648:
4647:
4644:
4642:
4641:Americentrism
4639:
4637:
4634:
4633:
4631:
4627:
4623:
4622:Ethnocentrism
4616:
4611:
4609:
4604:
4602:
4597:
4596:
4593:
4581:
4578:
4576:
4573:
4571:
4570:Particularism
4568:
4566:
4563:
4561:
4558:
4556:
4553:
4552:
4550:
4546:
4540:
4537:
4535:
4534:Phonocentrism
4532:
4530:
4527:
4525:
4522:
4520:
4517:
4515:
4512:
4510:
4507:
4505:
4502:
4500:
4497:
4495:
4492:
4490:
4487:
4483:
4480:
4479:
4478:
4477:Ethnocentrism
4475:
4473:
4470:
4468:
4465:
4463:
4462:Androcentrism
4460:
4458:
4455:
4453:
4450:
4449:
4447:
4443:
4436:
4435:
4430:
4428:
4425:
4423:
4420:
4418:
4417:Chosen people
4415:
4414:
4412:
4408:
4402:
4399:
4396:
4393:
4391:
4388:
4386:
4383:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4371:
4368:
4367:
4365:
4361:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4347:
4344:
4341:
4339:
4336:
4334:(Philippines)
4333:
4330:
4328:
4325:
4322:
4318:
4315:
4312:
4308:
4304:
4301:
4297:
4296:
4291:
4288:
4285:
4282:
4279:
4278:
4276:
4272:
4268:
4261:
4256:
4254:
4249:
4247:
4242:
4241:
4238:
4226:
4218:
4216:
4208:
4207:
4204:
4198:
4195:
4191:
4188:
4187:
4186:
4183:
4181:
4178:
4176:
4175:Social stigma
4173:
4169:
4166:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4156:
4155:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4126:
4122:
4119:
4118:
4117:
4114:
4112:
4109:
4107:
4104:
4102:
4099:
4097:
4094:
4092:
4089:
4087:
4084:
4082:
4079:
4077:
4074:
4072:
4069:
4067:
4064:
4062:
4059:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4049:
4045:
4042:
4041:
4040:
4037:
4035:
4032:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3985:
3984:
3983:
3980:
3978:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3955:
3953:
3950:
3949:
3947:
3943:
3937:
3934:
3932:
3929:
3927:
3924:
3922:
3919:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3907:
3904:
3902:
3899:
3897:
3894:
3892:
3889:
3887:
3884:
3882:
3879:
3877:
3874:
3872:
3869:
3865:
3862:
3861:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3837:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3826:
3824:
3820:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3798:State atheism
3796:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3786:
3782:
3779:
3777:
3774:
3772:
3769:
3767:
3764:
3763:
3762:
3759:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3749:
3747:
3744:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3734:Jim Crow laws
3732:
3731:
3730:
3727:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3719:One-drop rule
3717:
3715:
3713:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3702:
3699:
3697:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3687:
3684:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3672:
3669:
3667:
3664:
3662:
3659:
3655:
3652:
3650:
3647:
3646:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3637:
3635:
3634:Blood quantum
3632:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3621:
3619:
3613:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3581:Victimisation
3579:
3577:
3576:Trans bashing
3574:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3546:Religious war
3544:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3526:Racialization
3524:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3502:
3499:
3497:
3494:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3482:
3480:
3477:
3476:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3455:
3452:
3450:
3447:
3445:
3442:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3430:
3427:
3425:
3422:
3420:
3417:
3415:
3412:
3408:
3405:
3404:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3397:Glass ceiling
3395:
3391:
3388:
3387:
3386:
3383:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3340:Ethnic hatred
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3275:Counter-jihad
3273:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3239:
3236:
3235:
3234:
3231:
3230:
3228:
3224:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3083:
3080:
3078:
3075:
3073:
3070:
3066:
3065:United States
3063:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3052:
3050:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2947:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2929:
2928:United States
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2915:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2880:
2878:
2876:
2871:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2849:Protestantism
2847:
2845:
2842:
2838:
2835:
2834:
2833:
2830:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2805:
2804:
2801:
2800:
2799:
2796:
2792:
2789:
2787:
2784:
2783:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2764:LDS or Mormon
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2746:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2726:
2724:
2722:
2718:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2694:Transmisogyny
2692:
2690:
2687:
2686:
2685:
2682:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2669:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2597:Gerontophobia
2595:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2517:Anti-intersex
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2492:Anti-albinism
2490:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2474:
2472:
2468:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2421:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2412:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2397:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2362:
2361:
2359:
2355:
2349:
2346:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2333:Institutional
2331:
2330:
2328:
2324:
2320:
2313:
2308:
2306:
2301:
2299:
2294:
2293:
2290:
2283:
2282:
2278:
2275:
2272:
2268:
2265:
2262:
2258:
2254:
2251:
2247:
2244:(June 2016).
2243:
2239:
2225:
2221:
2217:
2213:
2212:
2207:
2206:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2186:
2182:
2178:
2174:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2157:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2137:
2133:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2118:
2112:
2108:
2104:
2100:
2097:
2093:
2090:
2086:
2085:
2073:
2067:
2063:
2056:
2041:
2037:
2031:
2015:
2011:
2005:
1990:
1984:
1973:September 18,
1968:
1961:
1953:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1920:
1918:
1909:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1891:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1873:
1869:
1865:
1861:
1857:
1850:
1842:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1824:
1820:
1816:
1809:
1801:
1797:
1792:
1787:
1783:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1759:
1752:
1750:
1748:
1746:
1744:
1742:
1740:
1738:
1736:
1727:
1723:
1722:
1714:
1700:
1696:
1689:
1681:
1680:
1672:
1670:
1655:
1651:
1644:
1637:
1636:
1633:
1628:
1621:
1615:
1608:
1602:
1595:
1589:
1587:
1578:
1572:
1568:
1561:
1546:
1542:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1526:
1522:
1518:
1513:
1505:
1490:
1486:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1459:
1444:
1438:
1430:
1424:
1420:
1413:
1397:
1393:
1387:
1379:
1373:
1369:
1368:
1360:
1345:
1343:9780415178778
1339:
1335:
1328:
1321:
1307:on 2008-07-26
1306:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1279:
1272:
1266:
1259:
1253:
1246:
1240:
1233:
1227:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1209:9781351068840
1205:
1201:
1197:
1194:. Routledge.
1193:
1192:
1184:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1149:
1134:
1130:
1124:
1109:
1105:
1099:
1090:
1082:
1081:
1076:
1070:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1039:
1037:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1013:
1011:
1003:
997:
993:
989:
988:Jones, Daniel
983:
979:
969:
966:
964:
961:
959:
956:
954:
951:
949:
946:
944:
941:
939:
936:
934:
933:Hot cognition
931:
929:
926:
924:
921:
919:
916:
914:
911:
909:
906:
904:
901:
899:
896:
894:
891:
889:
886:
884:
881:
880:
873:
870:
869:Jonathan Foer
866:
865:
859:
856:
851:
849:
845:
844:George Orwell
840:
838:
833:
830:, Virgil, an
829:
825:
821:
820:the 2001 film
817:
816:the 1968 film
813:
809:
804:
802:
801:
796:
792:
790:
786:
782:
778:
774:
770:
767:
763:
762:anti-humanism
758:
755:
754:
749:
745:
741:
737:
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502:animal rights
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490:Animal rights
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376:Old Testament
374:explored the
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323:John Passmore
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316:ethnocentrism
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312:androcentrism
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50:This article
48:
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4786:Posthumanism
4743:Xenocentrism
4712:
4693:Little China
4688:Sinocentrism
4683:Indocentrism
4678:Asiacentrism
4646:Eurocentrism
4636:Afrocentrism
4575:Theocentrism
4539:Xenocentrism
4519:Logocentrism
4489:Gynocentrism
4456:
4452:Allocentrism
4354:Fifth Empire
4303:Sinocentrism
4009:Gender-blind
3896:Human rights
3724:Racial quota
3711:
3691:Jewish quota
3671:Gerontocracy
3666:Gender roles
3644:Disabilities
3629:Blood purity
3601:Wife selling
3591:White flight
3571:Slut-shaming
3551:Scapegoating
3469:Murder music
3142:Palestinians
2960:South Africa
2945:Black people
2923:South Africa
2744:Christianity
2734:Baháʼí Faith
2662:Sectarianism
2602:Heterosexism
2567:Ephebiphobia
2532:Antisemitism
2527:Anti-Masonry
2394:Hair texture
2279:
2270:
2260:
2242:Watson, Paul
2231:. Retrieved
2224:the original
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1965:Mark Twain.
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1607:Laudate Deum
1601:
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1548:. Retrieved
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1492:. Retrieved
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1396:the original
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1305:the original
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908:Ecocriticism
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554:Peter Singer
551:
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451:human rights
444:
441:Human rights
434:Laudate Deum
432:
422:
419:Pope Francis
413:
398:
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385:
372:David Suzuki
366:In the 1985
365:
348:deep ecology
344:
339:
331:deep ecology
326:
320:
308:Val Plumwood
304:
283:
279:Homo sapiens
278:
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271:Homo sapiens
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59:Please help
54:verification
51:
4728:Geocentrism
4565:Supremacist
4472:Ecocentrism
4467:Biocentrism
4434:Sui generis
4332:Pinoy pride
3911:Nonviolence
3906:LGBT rights
3871:Empowerment
3839:Anti-racism
3761:Segregation
3706:No kid zone
3506:Persecution
3419:Hate speech
3370:Gay bashing
3345:Ethnic joke
3300:Dog whistle
3245:Blood libel
2940:Azerbaijani
2844:Neopaganism
2837:Persecution
2803:Persecution
2786:Persecution
2749:Catholicism
2684:Transphobia
2667:Supremacism
2622:Lesbophobia
2537:Aporophobia
2497:Anti-autism
2348:Taste-based
2343:Statistical
2138:: 109–127.
1594:Laudato si'
903:Ecocentrism
848:Animal Farm
777:integration
753:Mass Effect
598:, the term
570:utilitarian
566:sentientist
429:exhortation
424:Laudato si'
352:biocentrism
267:descriptive
213:(ánthrōpos)
204:; from
4770:Categories
4560:Chauvinism
4317:Third Rome
4185:Stereotype
4180:Speciesism
4061:Oppression
4056:Oikophobia
3952:Allophilia
3936:Toleration
3793:Sodomy law
3686:Internment
3606:Witch-hunt
3484:Blackhawks
3414:Hate group
3402:Hate crime
3375:Gendercide
3365:Freak show
3355:Excellence
3315:Employment
3285:Defamation
3217:Vietnamese
3212:Venezuelan
3102:Lithuanian
2776:Falun Gong
2711:Xenophobia
2706:Vegaphobia
2689:Non-binary
2647:Pedophobia
2612:Homophobia
2424:Skin color
2384:Disability
2357:Attributes
2338:Structural
2233:2012-07-22
2179:: 109572.
1704:2019-10-14
1660:2019-10-14
1428:0949324264
1311:2006-11-12
1161:: 95–100.
975:References
958:Speciesism
795:Mark Twain
769:strong AIs
748:non-humans
744:intolerant
656:ecological
620:ecosystems
608:biological
396:creation.
356:antithesis
263:perceptual
117:March 2019
87:newspapers
4380:Feeneyism
4363:Religious
4299:(Germany)
4295:Sonderweg
4158:Christian
4086:Prejudice
4034:Masculism
3982:Diversity
3776:religious
3751:Redlining
3350:Ethnocide
3310:Education
3202:Ukrainian
3137:Pakistani
3127:Mongolian
3055:Australia
3037:Hungarian
2992:Colombian
2972:Bulgarian
2854:Rastafari
2808:Ahmadiyya
2721:Religious
2699:Trans men
2657:Pregnancy
2592:Gayphobia
2587:Fatphobia
2482:Acephobia
2477:Arophobia
2461:Viewpoint
2220:1030-570X
1952:1040-9289
1890:0027-8424
1782:1931-7913
1545:145211787
1489:213322770
1218:229580440
1138:13 August
1113:13 August
846:'s novel
832:orangutan
736:sentients
660:animistic
632:education
516:, who in
469:from the
295:ecosphere
275:normative
256:resources
220:(kéntron)
4555:Jingoism
4385:Hindutva
4289:(France)
4274:National
4215:Category
4197:The talk
4133:Snobbery
4051:Net bias
3881:Feminism
3808:Ugly law
3649:Catholic
3617:policies
3464:Mortgage
3459:Lynching
3390:examples
3385:Genocide
3305:Economic
3290:Democide
3250:Bullying
3167:Romanian
3132:Nigerian
3082:Japanese
3017:Georgian
3002:Filipino
2935:Assyrian
2908:Armenian
2898:American
2893:Albanian
2875:National
2859:Yazidism
2781:Hinduism
2739:Buddhism
2642:Nepotism
2637:Misogyny
2632:Misandry
2557:Cronyism
2552:Clannism
2547:Biphobia
2487:Adultism
2404:Language
2211:Pacifica
2160:159-194.
2105:(2016).
1908:20479241
1841:27865155
1825:: 1–21.
1800:22949417
1537:43895115
1175:52207763
1027:Archived
938:Humanism
876:See also
586:(1876).
252:minerals
211:ἄνθρωπος
4548:Related
4397:(Korea)
4345:(Korea)
4313:(China)
4225:Commons
4004:Figleaf
3429:Housing
3197:Turkish
3147:Pashtun
3117:Mexican
3097:Kurdish
3077:Italian
3027:Haitian
3012:Finnish
2987:Chinese
2982:Chechen
2977:Catalan
2967:Bengali
2888:African
2873:Ethnic/
2832:Judaism
2823:Sunnism
2813:Shi'ism
2729:Atheism
2562:Elitism
2451:Species
2389:Genetic
2379:Dialect
2261:Science
2181:Bibcode
1899:2890461
1868:Bibcode
1791:3433289
1349:12 June
1155:Inquiry
773:cyborgs
604:analogy
506:welfare
393:Genesis
244:animals
218:κέντρον
101:scholar
4321:Russia
4190:threat
4044:autism
3781:sexual
3771:racial
3654:Jewish
3511:Pogrom
3489:Chiefs
3479:Braves
3207:Uyghur
3182:Somali
3177:Slavic
3162:Romani
3157:Quebec
3152:Polish
3092:Korean
3087:Jewish
3060:Canada
3047:Indian
3032:Hazara
3007:Fulani
2918:France
2883:Afghan
2818:Sufism
2542:Audism
2470:Social
2399:Height
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639:innate
387:earth.
248:plants
240:nature
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4445:Other
4410:Terms
4283:(USA)
4168:white
3521:Purge
3187:Tatar
3112:Māori
3107:Malay
3072:Irish
3022:Greek
2997:Croat
2955:China
2913:Asian
2798:Islam
2672:White
2409:Looks
2374:Class
2369:Caste
2326:Forms
2227:(PDF)
2045:4 May
2020:4 May
1994:4 May
1541:S2CID
1533:JSTOR
1485:S2CID
1448:4 May
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1171:S2CID
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108:JSTOR
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4163:male
3962:Bias
3407:LGBT
3192:Thai
3172:Serb
3042:Igbo
2903:Arab
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2456:Size
2436:Rank
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2111:ISBN
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2047:2015
2022:2015
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1975:2013
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1904:PMID
1886:ISSN
1837:PMID
1796:PMID
1778:ISSN
1571:ISBN
1552:2020
1496:2020
1450:2015
1423:ISBN
1404:2015
1372:ISBN
1351:2013
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