1490:(CHMP) of the EMA aligned recommendations for limiting nitrosamine impurities in sartan medicines with recommendations it issued for other classes of medicines. The main change concerns the limits for nitrosamines, which previously applied to the active ingredients but now apply instead to the finished products (e.g. tablets). These limits, based on internationally agreed standards (ICH M7(R1)), should ensure that the excess risk of cancer from nitrosamines in any sartan medicines is below 1 in 100,000 for a person taking the medicine for lifelong treatment.
831:
1511:
5629:
38:
5650:
706:
3225:
its active metabolite are approximately equal, the AUC (area under the curve) of the metabolite is about 4 times as great as that of losartan. A meal slows absorption of losartan and decreases its Cmax but has only minor effects on losartan AUC or on the AUC of the metabolite (≈10% decrease). The pharmacokinetics of losartan and its active metabolite are linear with oral losartan doses up to 200 mg and do not change over time.
1520:
7459:
4260:
423:
interview, "We have no reason to tell the public anything new." In an article about the dispute, the Wall Street
Journal interviewed three other doctors to get their views; one had "no doubt" ARBs increased cancer risk, one was concerned and wanted to see more data, and the third thought there was either no relationship or a hard to detect, low-frequency relationship.
1708:) and thus inhibit the renin-angiotensin system and its cascade of effects in causing arteriolar contraction and sodium retention. While angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors block the cleavage of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, the active peptide that causes a pressor response, the ARBs inhibit its peripheral action.
346:(MI or heart attack) is currently being investigated. Some studies suggest ARBs can increase the risk of MI. However, other studies have found ARBs do not increase the risk of MI. To date, with no consensus on whether ARBs have a tendency to increase the risk of myocardial infarction, further investigations are underway.
3224:
12.3 Pharmacokinetics/ Absorption: Following oral administration, the systemic bioavailability of losartan is approximately 33%. Mean peak concentrations of losartan and its active metabolite are reached in 1 hour and in 3 to 4 hours, respectively. While maximum plasma concentrations of losartan and
1493:
These sartan medicines have a specific ring structure (tetrazole) whose synthesis could potentially lead to the formation of nitrosamine impurities. Other sartan medicines which do not have this ring, such as azilsartan, eprosartan and telmisartan, were not included in this review but are covered by
417:
In May 2013, a senior regulator at the Food & Drug
Administration, Medical Team Leader Thomas A. Marciniak, revealed publicly that contrary to the FDA's official conclusion that there was no increased cancer risk, after a patient-by-patient examination of the available FDA data he had concluded
3495:
Chi, Yong Ha; Lee, Howard; Paik, Soo Heui; Lee, Joo Han; Yoo, Byoung Wook; Kim, Ji Han; Tan, Hyun Kwang; Kim, Sang Lin (2011-10-01). "Safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of fimasartan following single and repeated oral administration in the fasted and fed states in healthy
2814:
due to inhibition of angiotensin II production by ACE inhibitors or competitive antagonism of the angiotensin II receptor by ARBs... results in loss of angiotensin II–induced efferent arteriolar tone, leading to a drop in glomerular filtration fraction and GFR. The efferent arteriolal vasodilation
3484:
Gu, N., Kim, B., Kyoung, S.L., Kim, S.E., Nam, W.S., Yoon, S.H., Cho, J., Shin, S., Jang, I., Yu, K. The Effect of
Fimasartan, an Angiotensin Receptor Type 1 Blocker, on the Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Warfarin in Healthy Korean Male Volunteers: A One- Sequence, Two-Period Crossover
389:
A study published in 2010 determined that "...meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials suggests that ARBs are associated with a modestly increased risk of new cancer diagnosis. Given the limited data, it is not possible to draw conclusions about the exact risk of cancer associated with each
422:
as cancers. In ten of the eleven studies he examined, Marciniak said that there were more lung cancer cases in the ARB group than the control group. Ellis Unger, chief of the drug-evaluation division that includes
Marciniak, was quoted as calling the complaints a "diversion," and saying in an
326:, and/or nasal congestion. A 2014 Cochrane systematic review based on randomized controlled trials reported that when comparing patients taking ACE inhibitors to patients taking ARBs, fewer ARB patients withdrew from the study due to adverse events compared to ACE inhibitor patients.
1566:
announced that it would change its losartan manufacturing process to prevent future contamination with these impurities, and the Indian API manufacturer IOL Chemicals and
Pharmaceuticals applied for a patent on a new synthesis of losartan designed to be free of azido contaminants.
3237:
Fischer, Tracy L.; Pieper, John A.; Graff, Donald W.; Rodgers, Jo E.; Fischer, Jeffrey D.; Parnell, Kimberly J.; Goldstein, Joyce A.; Greenwood, Robert; Patterson, J. Herbert (September 2002). "Evaluation of potential losartan-phenytoin drug interactions in healthy volunteers".
329:
While one of the main rationales for the use of this class is the avoidance of a persistent dry cough and/or angioedema associated with ACE inhibitor therapy, rarely they may still occur. In addition, there is also a small risk of cross-reactivity in patients having experienced
1483:(EMA) provided guidance to marketing authorization holders on how to avoid the presence of nitrosamine impurities in human medicines and asked them to review all chemical and biological human medicines for the possible presence of nitrosamines and to test the products at risk.
414:. The researchers concluded: "In this large nationwide cohort of United States Veterans, we found no evidence to support any concern of increased risk of lung cancer among new users of ARBs compared with nonusers. Our findings were consistent with a protective effect of ARBs."
624:(PK) parameters. Efficacy requires three key PD/PK areas at an effective level; the parameters of the three characteristics will need to be compiled into a table similar to one below, eliminating duplications and arriving at consensus values; the latter are at variance now.
239:
The angiotensin II receptor blockers have differing potencies in relation to blood pressure control, with statistically differing effects at the maximal doses. When used in clinical practice, the particular agent used may vary based on the degree of response required.
281:
A retrospective study of 1968 stroke patients revealed that prestroke treatment with ARB may be associated with both reduced stroke severity and better outcome. This finding agrees with experimental data that suggest that ARB's exert a cerebral protective effect.
1402:
results in marked prolongation of the life-span of mice, by 26% compared to controls. The likely mechanism is reduction of oxidative damage (especially to mitochondria) and overexpression of renal prosurvival genes. The ARBs seem to have the same effect.
1543:
compounds) in tetrazole-containing sartans. In
September 2021, the EDQM announced that investigations had revealed a novel azido contaminant which occurs only in losartan (losartan azide or losartan azido impurity) and which was found to be mutagenic on
277:
system found different types of commonly used antihypertensive medications had very different AD outcomes. Those patients taking angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) were 35 to 40% less likely to develop AD than those using other antihypertensives.
394:(FDA) of 31 randomized controlled trials comparing ARBs to other treatment found no evidence of an increased risk of incident (new) cancer, cancer-related death, breast cancer, lung cancer, or prostate cancer in patients receiving ARBs. In 2013,
1551:
Later in 2021 and 2022, several cases of contamination with azido impurities were detected in losartan, irbesartan, and valsartan, prompting regulatory responses ranging from investigation to market withdrawals and precautionary recalls in
418:
that there was a lung-cancer risk increase of about 24% in ARB patients, compared with patients taking a placebo or other drugs. One of the criticisms
Marciniak made was that the earlier FDA meta-analysis did not count lung
1476:(NDEA), are present at unacceptable levels in APIs from multiple API producers of valsartan and other drugs in the ARB class." In 2018, the FDA issued guidance to the industry on how to assess and control the impurities.
639:— this relates to the degree of blockade or inhibition of the blood pressure-raising ("pressor") effect of angiotensin II. However, pressor inhibition is not a measure of blood pressure-lowering (BP) efficacy
4618:
6563:
4478:
1528:
Losartan azide (left) and AZBT (right), two azido process impurities detected in sartans. Losartan azide occurs exclusively during manufacture of losartan, while AZBT can be found in several drugs in the
6784:
6693:
4069:
In conclusion, we demonstrated regression of DAR using ARBs at moderate and supramaximal doses. Intensive ARB therapy offers a promise to reduce the natural progression of disease in patients with DARs.
6720:
6389:
4201:
502:
6593:
4081:
1998:
Dang A, Zhang Y, Liu G, Chen G, Song W, Wang B (January 2006). "Effects of losartan and irbesartan on serum uric acid in hypertensive patients with hyperuricaemia in
Chinese population".
6559:
6555:
4139:
2827:
Toto RD, Mitchell HC, Lee HC, Milam C, Pettinger WA (October 1991). "Reversible renal insufficiency due to angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors in hypertensive nephrosclerosis".
4172:
1536:
1704:
The angiotensin II receptor antagonists, also known as angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), are a family of agents that bind to and inhibit the angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT
6382:
1584:
Mirabito
Colafella, Katrina M.; Uijl, Estrellita; Jan Danser, A.H. (2019). "Interference With the Renin–Angiotensin System (RAS): Classical Inhibitors and Novel Approaches".
1820:
Tronvik E, Stovner LJ, Helde G, Sand T, Bovim G (January 2003). "Prophylactic treatment of migraine with an angiotensin II receptor blocker: a randomized controlled trial".
4202:"Updated: Torrent Pharmaceuticals Limited Expands Voluntary Nationwide Recall of Losartan Potassium Tablets, USP and Losartan Potassium / Hydrochlorothiazide Tablets, USP"
2041:
Daskalopoulou SS, Tzovaras V, Mikhailidis DP, Elisaf M (2005). "Effect on serum uric acid levels of drugs prescribed for indications other than treating hyperuricaemia".
6375:
1383:
867:
516:
1914:
Gales BJ, Bailey EK, Reed AN, Gales MA (February 2010). "Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers for the prevention of migraines".
7019:
6817:
6464:
1959:"Comparative efficacy of two angiotensin II receptor antagonists, irbesartan and losartan in mild-to-moderate hypertension. Irbesartan/Losartan Study Investigators"
6689:
6547:
6468:
4582:
6716:
6485:
887:
365:
receptor stimulation may be less beneficial than previously proposed, and may even be harmful under certain circumstances through mediation of growth promotion,
4375:
6448:
2451:"Can angiotensin II type 2 receptors have deleterious effects in cardiovascular disease? Implications for therapeutic blockade of the renin-angiotensin system"
6801:
6737:
6601:
6597:
6589:
6503:
5581:
4661:
4110:
1650:
4430:
4499:
17:
4404:
2708:
4561:
4629:
2862:
Bakris GL, Weir MR (March 2000). "Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor-associated elevations in serum creatinine: is this a cause for concern?".
2575:"Angiotensin FDA Drug Safety Communication: No increase in risk of cancer with certain blood pressure drugs – Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs)"
2218:
Fuentes, Blanca (2010). "Treatment with angiotensin receptor blockers before stroke could exert a favourable effect in acute cerebral infarction".
723:
5638:
1487:
4365:
Text was copied from this source which is copyright
European Medicines Agency. Reproduction is authorized provided the source is acknowledged.
4326:
Text was copied from this source which is copyright European Medicines Agency. Reproduction is authorized provided the source is acknowledged.
4309:
4150:
3822:
7175:
7165:
7150:
7140:
7012:
6906:
2782:
Tucker, Bryan M.; Perazella, Mark A. (2019). "Medications: 3. What are the major adverse effects on the kidney of ACE inhibitors and ARBs?".
814:
4535:
3936:"Angiotensin II receptor blocker valsartan ameliorates cardiac fibrosis partly by inhibiting miR-21 expression in diabetic nephropathy mice"
2815:
reduces intraglomerular hypertension (and pressure-related injury) and maintains perfusion (and oxygenation) of the peritubular capillaries.
262:
and, because (ARBs) block these receptors, in addition to their eliciting anti-hypertensive effects, may be considered for the treatment of
7479:
7378:
7363:
7348:
7200:
7170:
7160:
7105:
5687:
4452:
3693:
Zusman, R. M.; Jullien, V.; Lemetayer, P.; Jarnier, P.; Clementy, J. (1999), "Are There Differences Among Angiotensin Receptor Blockers?",
399:
274:
4345:
2897:
Remuzzi G, Ruggenenti P, Perico N (April 2002). "Chronic renal diseases: renoprotective benefits of renin-angiotensin system inhibition".
7358:
7353:
7100:
6896:
4651:
7383:
7155:
7115:
5432:
5392:
7426:
6758:
1109:
7436:
7005:
6861:
6809:
6141:
3460:
3432:
3404:
3376:
3348:
3320:
3292:
3208:
2582:
4278:"M7(R1) Assessment and Control of DNA Reactive (Mutagenic) Impurities in Pharmaceuticals To Limit Potential Carcinogenic Risk"
3875:
Salama, Zakaria A.; Sadek, Ahmed; Abdelhady, Ahmed M.; Darweesh, Samar Kamal; Morsy, Shereif Ahmed; Esmat, Gamal (June 2016).
1773:"Comparative effects of lisinopril and losartan on insulin sensitivity in the treatment of non diabetic hypertensive patients"
426:
A 2016 meta-analysis including 148,334 patients found no significant differences in cancer incidence associated with ARB use.
6963:
5005:
3597:
2799:
1747:
1601:
4082:"FDA Updates and Press Announcements on Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker (ARB) Recalls (Valsartan, Losartan, and Irbesartan)"
5292:
5285:
3098:
Kjeldsen, Sverre E; Brunner, Hans R; McInnes, Gordon T; Stolt, Pelle (2005). "Valsartan in the treatment of hypertension".
2490:
Reudelhuber TL (December 2005). "The continuing saga of the AT2 receptor: a case of the good, the bad, and the innocuous".
2139:"Use of angiotensin receptor blockers and risk of dementia in a predominantly male population: prospective cohort analysis"
497:
1764:
6667:
6294:
6238:
5035:
4898:
490:
that lead to abnormal narrowing of blood vessels to the kidney that interrupts oxygen and nutrient supply to the organ.
483:
395:
6367:
842:
5947:
4659:
745:
6980:
6131:
5680:
4607:
4474:
3990:"Angiotensin type 2 receptor actions contribute to angiotensin type 1 receptor blocker effects on kidney fibrosis"
3179:
1658:
6788:
6313:
6227:
5188:
4644:
6762:
6724:
6648:
6525:
6299:
4039:"P-609: Regression of dilated aortic roots using supramaximal and usual doses of angiotensin receptor blockers"
727:
127:
77:
4173:"Search List of Recalled Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs) including Valsartan, Losartan and Irbesartan"
3778:
Cassis P, Conti S, Remuzzi G, Benigni A (January 2010). "Angiotensin receptors as determinants of life span".
2279:"Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors versus angiotensin receptor blockers for primary hypertension"
7431:
6878:
6857:
6813:
6576:
6455:
6121:
5775:
5769:
3025:
2940:
Sarafidis PA, Khosla N, Bakris GL (January 2007). "Antihypertensive therapy in the presence of proteinuria".
2264:
6741:
6631:
6402:
6288:
6060:
4887:
4669:
4285:
4244:
4177:
4144:
4115:
4086:
2698:
2578:
1445:
1068:
644:
463:
391:
93:
6426:
3643:
Brunner, H. R. (2002), "The new oral angiotensin II antagonist olmesartan medoxomil: a concise overview",
1448:(FDA) found traces of NDMA and NDEA impurities in the angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) drug products
6203:
5976:
5673:
5498:
2328:"Angiotensin receptor blockers may increase risk of myocardial infarction: unraveling the ARB-MI paradox"
1411:
ARBs, such as losartan, have been shown to curb or reduce muscular, liver, cardiac, and kidney fibrosis.
1034:
AUC reduced by phenytoin and rifampin by 63% and 40% respectively; specific CYP450 isozymes are unknown
647:(FDA) Package Inserts (PIs) for inhibition of this effect at the 24th hour for the ARBs are as follows:
7449:
6042:
5881:
5868:
5839:
5784:
5148:
4637:
3934:
Wang, J; Duan, L; Gao, Y; Zhou, S; Liu, Y; Wei, S; An, S; Liu, J; Tian, L; Wang, S (5 September 2018).
447:
4455:(Press release). European Directorate for the Quality of Medicines & HealthCare. 29 September 2021
6338:
5855:
4380:
4350:
2078:"Peripherally administered angiotensin II AT1 receptor antagonists are anti-stress compounds in vivo"
1480:
553:
group (a ring with four nitrogen and one carbon). Losartan, irbesartan, olmesartan, candesartan, and
471:
6232:
6178:
6163:
6135:
5916:
5911:
5902:
4611:
2732:"Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers and Cancer Risk: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials"
390:
particular drug. These findings warrant further investigation." A later meta-analysis by the U.S.
263:
116:
4433:(Press release). European Directorate for the Quality of Medicines & HealthCare. 29 April 2021
4431:"Risk of presence of mutagenic azido impurities in sartan active substances with a tetrazole ring"
1625:
6968:
6333:
6304:
6272:
6102:
5907:
5863:
5814:
5745:
5203:
4881:
4732:
3609:
Brousil, J. A.; Burke, J. M. (2003), "Olmesartan Medoxomil: An Angiotensin II-Receptor Blocker",
2703:
2527:"Angiotensin-receptor blockade and risk of cancer: meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials"
716:
299:
6780:
6624:
6551:
6543:
6214:
6020:
5240:
4995:
1461:
1460:. The FDA stated "In June 2018, FDA was informed of the presence of an impurity, identified as
475:
270:
4583:"Process For The Preparation Of Carcinogenic Azido Impurities Free Losartan And Salts Thereof"
1865:"Differential clinical profile of candesartan compared to other angiotensin receptor blockers"
357:
loop. Increased levels of circulating angiotensin II result in unopposed stimulation of the AT
7421:
6754:
6521:
6481:
6398:
6345:
6189:
5922:
5809:
4925:
4861:
4706:
3676:
2187:"Potential of antihypertensive drugs for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease"
1473:
459:
343:
291:
135:
2910:
7416:
7039:
7028:
6932:
6853:
6825:
6805:
6350:
6194:
6047:
6000:
5000:
4980:
4849:
2089:
1563:
1357:
1336:
989:
938:
917:
574:
434:
Although ARBs have protective effects against developing kidney diseases for patients with
217:
196:
that limit ACE inhibitor therapy. More recently, they have been used for the treatment of
104:
1539:(EDQM) warned of the risk of contamination with non-nitrosamine impurities (specifically,
353:
blockade, ARBs increase angiotensin II levels several-fold above baseline by uncoupling a
236:. Lisinopril has been found less often effective than candesartan at preventing migraine.
8:
6821:
5971:
5759:
5609:
5345:
5131:
4910:
4737:
3592:; Farsang, C., Fisher, J., p.157–167) Editors; Fischer, J., Ganellin, R. Wiley-VCH 2006.
3051:"Review: angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers: class effects versus molecular effects"
1688:, Bethesda (MD): National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, 2012,
1341:
922:
225:
123:
4111:"Statement on the agency's ongoing efforts to resolve safety issue with ARB medications"
2650:"Angiotensin receptor blockers and risk of prostate cancer among United States veterans"
2093:
1419:
A 2003 study using candesartan and valsartan demonstrated an ability to regress dilated
616:
The specific efficacy of each ARB within this class depends upon a combination of three
139:
7031:
6397:
6198:
6167:
5898:
5794:
5643:
5508:
5367:
4821:
4562:"Monitoring of sartan medicines stepped up: traces of a new foreign substance detected"
4014:
3989:
3963:
3911:
3876:
3850:
3803:
3755:
3730:
3668:
3572:
3529:
3271:
3075:
3050:
2965:
2922:
2805:
2791:
2756:
2731:
2674:
2649:
2625:
2600:
2551:
2526:
2503:
2467:
2450:
2303:
2278:
2243:
2163:
2138:
2110:
2077:
2023:
1939:
1891:
1864:
1845:
1797:
1772:
1607:
1593:
342:
The issue of whether angiotensin II receptor antagonists slightly increase the risk of
4055:
4038:
3707:
3622:
3560:
3148:
3131:
3001:
2984:
2542:
2385:
2368:
2344:
2327:
1975:
1958:
6267:
6172:
5995:
5788:
5649:
5604:
5387:
5377:
5280:
5110:
5066:
5050:
4854:
4844:
4787:
4777:
4060:
4019:
3955:
3916:
3898:
3854:
3842:
3795:
3760:
3729:
Benigni A, Corna D, Zoja C, Sonzogni A, Latini R, Salio M, et al. (March 2009).
3712:
3660:
3626:
3593:
3564:
3533:
3521:
3513:
3509:
3263:
3255:
3153:
3080:
3006:
2957:
2914:
2879:
2844:
2809:
2795:
2761:
2679:
2630:
2574:
2556:
2507:
2472:
2431:
2390:
2349:
2308:
2235:
2168:
2115:
2058:
2015:
1980:
1943:
1931:
1896:
1837:
1802:
1788:
1689:
1597:
1465:
1372:
953:
354:
112:
3988:
Naito, T; Ma, LJ; Yang, H; Zuo, Y; Tang, Y; Han, JY; Kon, V; Fogo, AB (March 2010).
3807:
3672:
3576:
3275:
2969:
2926:
2648:
Rao GA, Mann JR, Bottai M, Uemura H, Burch JB, Bennett CL, et al. (July 2013).
2599:
Rao GA, Mann JR, Shoaibi A, Pai SG, Bottai M, Sutton SS, et al. (August 2013).
2247:
2027:
1849:
1611:
1004:
149:
ARBs and the similar-attributed ACE inhibitors are both indicated as the first-line
6257:
6051:
5966:
5720:
5614:
5437:
5362:
5350:
5275:
5141:
5020:
4809:
4050:
4009:
4001:
3967:
3947:
3906:
3888:
3834:
3787:
3750:
3742:
3702:
3652:
3618:
3556:
3505:
3247:
3143:
3107:
3070:
3062:
2996:
2949:
2906:
2871:
2836:
2787:
2751:
2743:
2669:
2661:
2620:
2612:
2546:
2538:
2499:
2462:
2426:
2421:
2409:
2380:
2339:
2298:
2294:
2290:
2227:
2198:
2158:
2150:
2134:
2105:
2097:
2050:
2007:
1970:
1923:
1886:
1876:
1829:
1792:
1784:
1589:
904:
451:
319:
164:. However, ARBs appear to produce less adverse effects compared to ACE inhibitors.
158:
150:
89:
85:
6997:
5081:
4500:"Losartana: Anvisa determina recolhimento e interdição de lotes; veja o que fazer"
1577:
1497:
The FDA issued revised guidelines about nitrosamine impurities in September 2024.
1434:
7463:
7393:
7060:
6836:
6185:
6097:
5935:
5930:
5800:
5764:
5754:
5737:
5654:
5599:
5468:
5463:
5302:
5235:
5230:
5116:
5062:
4903:
4794:
4747:
4453:"Risk of the presence of mutagenic azido impurities in losartan active substance"
4346:"Nitrosamines: EMA aligns recommendations for sartans with those other medicines"
3498:
American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs: Drugs, Devices, and Other Interventions
2616:
2231:
1771:
Fogari R, Zoppi A, Corradi L, Lazzari P, Mugellini A, Lusardi P (November 1998).
1420:
1351:
1346:
932:
927:
621:
617:
443:
411:
378:
213:
4005:
3877:"Losartan may inhibit the progression of liver fibrosis in chronic HCV patients"
3680:
2840:
2747:
7065:
7055:
6974:
5877:
5732:
5715:
5633:
5533:
5528:
5382:
5372:
5322:
5307:
5297:
5198:
5193:
5183:
5121:
5093:
5045:
5040:
4772:
4727:
4723:
3838:
2953:
2875:
2054:
1683:
361:
receptors, which are, in addition, upregulated. However, recent data suggest AT
259:
143:
3951:
3791:
2203:
2186:
2076:
Pavel J, Benicky J, Murakami Y, Sanchez-Lemus E, Saavedra JM (December 2008).
1723:
7473:
7398:
6415:
6113:
6012:
6004:
5987:
5926:
5565:
5538:
5397:
5215:
5126:
5106:
5102:
4965:
4893:
4782:
4697:
4264:
4064:
3902:
3893:
3846:
3517:
3259:
3091:
3066:
2369:"Angiotensin receptor blockers do not increase risk of myocardial infarction"
1677:
1675:
590:
586:
493:
467:
374:
197:
177:
161:
108:
4376:"Angiotensin-II-receptor antagonists (sartans) containing a tetrazole group"
4236:
3935:
3251:
3111:
2985:"Progressive renal and cardiovascular disease: optimal treatment strategies"
2410:"How to explain the differences between renin angiotensin system modulators"
2101:
766:
in binding affinities of the specific ARBs are shown as follows. However, AT
273:(AD). A retrospective analysis of five million patient records with the US
7333:
7323:
7303:
7253:
6891:
6617:
6406:
6092:
5958:
5941:
5696:
5523:
5442:
5178:
5136:
4970:
4960:
4876:
4871:
4504:
4277:
4023:
3959:
3920:
3799:
3764:
3716:
3664:
3656:
3630:
3568:
3547:
Burnier, M.; Brunner, H. R. (2000), "Angiotensin II receptor antagonists",
3525:
3267:
3157:
3084:
3010:
2961:
2918:
2883:
2765:
2683:
2634:
2560:
2511:
2476:
2435:
2394:
2353:
2312:
2239:
2172:
2119:
2062:
2019:
2011:
1935:
1900:
1841:
1693:
636:
602:
487:
439:
295:
269:
In 2008, they were reported to have a remarkable negative association with
251:
192:, and are thus only rarely associated with the persistent dry cough and/or
173:
154:
100:
31:
2848:
1984:
1833:
1806:
1672:
7313:
7288:
7278:
7273:
7243:
7190:
7095:
7085:
6901:
6773:
6682:
6536:
6249:
6222:
6155:
5848:
5728:
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5317:
5057:
5010:
4955:
4838:
4804:
4509:
1469:
1157:
1039:
871:
796:
784:
657:
610:
606:
554:
538:
479:
455:
407:
370:
323:
229:
201:
172:
Angiotensin II receptor blockers are used primarily for the treatment of
1957:
Kassler-Taub K, Littlejohn T, Elliott W, Ruddy T, Adler E (April 1998).
1881:
830:
7328:
7318:
7298:
7263:
7248:
7228:
7218:
7185:
7180:
7145:
7130:
7125:
7120:
7110:
7090:
6949:
6925:
6916:
6882:
6768:
6747:
6709:
6704:
6699:
6677:
6641:
6636:
6612:
6514:
6491:
6474:
6441:
6436:
6075:
5890:
5585:
5556:
5514:
5483:
5478:
5417:
5412:
5402:
5340:
5326:
5266:
5221:
5169:
5089:
5085:
5026:
4986:
4941:
4937:
4827:
4763:
4713:
4678:
4674:
3171:
2699:"Dispute Flares Inside FDA Over Safety of Popular Blood-Pressure Drugs"
1457:
1368:
1296:
1262:
1225:
1191:
1120:
949:
891:
875:
802:
790:
730: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
681:
675:
669:
594:
546:
534:
530:
419:
331:
315:
244:
221:
205:
193:
185:
4473:
2933:
2154:
2040:
1927:
486:, or any conditions such as ARBs-treated but still clinically present
7373:
7368:
7343:
7308:
7283:
7268:
7258:
7238:
7223:
7213:
7195:
7075:
7070:
6867:
6846:
6794:
6657:
6607:
6569:
6531:
6509:
6460:
6431:
6084:
6034:
5665:
5493:
5473:
5447:
5422:
5357:
5335:
5163:
5076:
4950:
3746:
3731:"Disruption of the Ang II type 1 receptor promotes longevity in mice"
1553:
1545:
1449:
1079:
808:
651:
558:
550:
542:
303:
37:
2890:
2665:
705:
7293:
7233:
7135:
6730:
6582:
6496:
6125:
5594:
5458:
5454:
5427:
4866:
4799:
4718:
3590:
ptimizing Antihypertensive Therapy by Angiotensin Receptor Blockers
1626:"List of Angiotensin receptor blockers (angiotensin II inhibitors)"
1453:
960:
778:
663:
613:, among other actions. The combined effect reduces blood pressure.
526:
435:
403:
366:
311:
233:
209:
27:
Group of pharmaceuticals that modulate the renin–angiotensin system
2777:
2775:
1956:
5749:
5570:
5488:
5153:
4920:
4742:
4692:
4263:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
3433:"OLMESARTAN MEDOXOMIL - olmesartan medoxomil tablet, film coated"
2820:
2601:"Angiotensin receptor blockers: are they related to lung cancer?"
2525:
Sipahi I, Debanne SM, Rowland DY, Simon DI, Fang JC (July 2010).
2075:
1510:
1255:
1113:
632:
307:
3485:
Clinical Trial. (2012). Clinical Therapeutics. 34(7): 1592–1600.
1583:
6262:
5831:
5711:
5252:
4915:
2772:
1557:
1150:
1072:
997:
993:
200:
in patients intolerant of ACE inhibitor therapy, in particular
3823:"Losartan: A Novel Treatment for Acute Skeletal Muscle Injury"
3405:"EPROSARTAN MESYLATE- eprosartan mesylate tablet, film coated"
3132:"Angiotensin receptor blockers: how important is selectivity?"
298:. Infrequent ADRs associated with therapy include: first dose
212:
have trial data showing benefit in hypertensive patients with
76:, are a group of pharmaceuticals that bind to and inhibit the
5552:
5262:
4757:
3692:
1540:
1468:
producer. Since then, FDA has determined that other types of
573:-receptor antagonists; that is, they block the activation of
189:
181:
3874:
3427:
3425:
3125:
3123:
3121:
1748:"Choice of drug therapy in primary (essential) hypertension"
1651:"Blood Pressure : Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs)"
5256:
3399:
3397:
3097:
2133:
Li NC, Lee A, Whitmer RA, Kivipelto M, Lawler E, Kazis LE,
4302:
4140:"FDA's Assessment of Currently Marketed ARB Drug Products"
4037:
Weinberg MS, Weinberg AJ, Cord RB, Martin H (1 May 2003).
4036:
1384:
Discovery and development of angiotensin receptor blockers
774:
is not a meaningful indicator of blood pressure response.
517:
Discovery and development of angiotensin receptor blockers
3777:
3422:
3236:
3118:
3026:"ACE Inhibitors and ARBs in Patients with Kidney Disease"
2524:
1770:
3728:
3394:
1643:
4536:"Sartan contaminant recall hits generics manufacturers"
2976:
2896:
1862:
1819:
1519:
684: – 61% at 20 mg; 74% at 40 mg
2855:
672: – 40% at 150 mg; 60% 300 mg
290:
This class of drugs is usually well tolerated. Common
30:"Sartan" redirects here. For the village in Iran, see
7447:
7208:
4662:
Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System
4479:"Azide impurity in 'sartan' blood pressure medicines"
3827:
JBJS Journal of Orthopaedics for Physician Assistants
2939:
2132:
1724:"Management of Hypertension in Chronic Heart Failure"
2826:
2267:
2006. Adelaide: Australian Medicines Handbook; 2006.
1913:
1220:
None known; >90% via renal and biliary excretion
7027:
4340:
4338:
4336:
4334:
4332:
3371:
3369:
3287:
3285:
3055:
Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System
2730:Zhao YT, Li PY, Zhang JQ, Wang L, Yi Z (May 2016).
2647:
1813:
1718:
1716:
180:therapy primarily because of persistent and/or dry
4405:"Control of Nitrosamine Impurities in Human Drugs"
3343:
3341:
3209:"LOSARTAN- losartan potassium tablet, film coated"
232:is used experimentally in preventive treatment of
4619:"Nitrosamine impurities in medications: Guidance"
3315:
3313:
2598:
1950:
1537:European Directorate for the Quality of Medicines
1414:
7471:
4329:
3994:American Journal of Physiology. Renal Physiology
3821:Hubbert, Katherine; Clement, Ryan (April 2021).
3366:
3282:
3203:
3201:
3199:
3197:
1997:
1713:
442:without administration of ARBs, ARBs may worsen
3933:
3338:
3048:
2781:
2729:
2594:
2592:
2366:
3987:
3820:
3546:
3455:
3453:
3310:
3017:
1488:Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use
897:
7013:
6383:
5681:
4645:
3494:
3194:
3023:
2276:
1618:
890:while valsartan carries a nonplanar acylated
7040:
4660:Major chemical drug groups – based upon the
3722:
3636:
3608:
3602:
3540:
3049:Miura, S; Karnik, SS; Saku, K (March 2011).
2641:
2589:
2518:
2483:
2442:
2401:
2360:
2319:
2034:
1991:
400:United States Department of Veterans Affairs
294:(ADRs) include: dizziness, headache, and/or
3686:
3450:
2489:
2325:
2283:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
1398:Knockout of the Agtr1a gene that encodes AT
1016:3–4 hrs after oral losartan administration
7020:
7006:
6390:
6376:
5688:
5674:
4652:
4638:
4559:
4529:
4527:
2861:
2277:Li EC, Heran BS, Wright JM (August 2014).
2082:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
1863:Cernes R, Mashavi M, Zimlichman R (2011).
1494:the subsequent review of other medicines.
1186:None known; >97% via biliary excretion
799: – greater than 10000-fold
609:, and reduces production and secretion of
7427:Olmesartan/amlodipine/hydrochlorothiazide
5889:
4610:at the U.S. National Library of Medicine
4054:
4013:
3910:
3892:
3754:
3706:
3147:
3074:
3000:
2755:
2673:
2624:
2550:
2466:
2425:
2384:
2343:
2302:
2202:
2162:
2109:
1974:
1890:
1880:
1796:
1325:None known; primarily biliary excretion
746:Learn how and when to remove this message
402:on the experience of more than a million
306:, abnormal liver function, muscle cramp,
7437:Valsartan/hydrochlorothiazide/amlodipine
3478:
2259:
2257:
1777:British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
821:
666: – 25–40% at 100 mg
589:cells of vessels, cortical cells of the
337:
220:. A 1998 double-blind study found "that
184:. They do not inhibit the breakdown of
99:Their main uses are in the treatment of
36:
6564:+bisoprolol, amlodipine, and indapamide
4608:Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers
4533:
4524:
3642:
3582:
3461:"EDARBI- azilsartan kamedoxomil tablet"
2911:10.7326/0003-4819-136-8-200204160-00010
2367:Tsuyuki RT, McDonald MA (August 2006).
2217:
1740:
14:
7472:
5695:
5639:Pharmacological classification systems
5006:Selective estrogen receptor modulators
4475:Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA)
3240:Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics
3182:from the original on 28 September 2016
3129:
2696:
1560:, and Europe (including Switzerland).
1406:
688:
564:
7001:
6371:
5669:
5286:Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
4633:
3735:The Journal of Clinical Investigation
2711:from the original on 15 February 2018
2585:from the original on 8 December 2011.
2254:
627:
228:whereas losartan did not affect it."
3940:Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology
2982:
2448:
2407:
825:
728:adding citations to reliable sources
699:
678: – 60% at 32 mg
660: – 40% at 80 mg
654: – 30% at 80 mg
406:found no increased risks for either
7480:Angiotensin II receptor antagonists
4899:Angiotensin II receptor antagonists
3881:Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition
2942:American Journal of Kidney Diseases
2326:Strauss MH, Hall AS (August 2006).
1869:Vascular Health and Risk Management
1685:Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonists
643:. The rates as listed in the U.S.
216:, and may delay the progression of
176:where the patient is intolerant of
66:angiotensin II receptor antagonists
24:
6295:Angiotensin II receptor antagonist
6239:Endocannabinoid reuptake inhibitor
3377:"TELMISARTAN - telmisartan tablet"
3293:"CANDESARTAN - candesartan tablet"
3024:Tom Hostetter, M. D. (June 2004).
2792:10.1016/b978-0-323-47871-7.00019-8
2504:10.1161/01.HYP.0000193498.07087.83
2468:10.1161/01.CIR.0000096609.73772.C5
2191:Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics
1594:10.1016/b978-0-12-801238-3.65341-2
1586:Encyclopedia of Endocrine Diseases
484:focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
396:comparative effectiveness research
285:
54:angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT
25:
18:Angiotensin II receptor antagonist
7491:
6186:Acetylcholine receptor antagonist
5948:Norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
4601:
4409:U.S. Food and Drug Administration
4355:(Press release). 12 November 2020
4206:U.S. Food and Drug Administration
3106:(1). Future Medicine Ltd: 27–36.
3002:10.1111/j.1523-1755.2002.kid591.x
2697:Burton, Thomas M. (31 May 2013).
2386:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.594978
2345:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.594986
429:
7457:
5648:
5628:
5627:
4258:
4043:American Journal of Hypertension
3695:American Journal of Hypertension
3588:Analogue-based Drug Discovery (O
3510:10.2165/11593840-000000000-00000
3349:"IRBESARTAN - irbesartan tablet"
3136:American Journal of Hypertension
2654:Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
2414:American Journal of Hypertension
2197:(9): 1285–1287. September 2008.
1963:American Journal of Hypertension
1789:10.1046/j.1365-2125.1998.00811.x
1518:
1509:
829:
704:
46:Angiotensin II receptor blockers
6314:Vasopressin receptor antagonist
6228:Cannabinoid receptor antagonist
5036:Hypothalamic–pituitary hormones
4575:
4553:
4492:
4467:
4445:
4423:
4397:
4368:
4270:
4229:
4220:
4194:
4165:
4132:
4103:
4074:
4030:
3981:
3927:
3868:
3814:
3771:
3488:
3230:
3164:
3042:
2723:
2690:
2567:
2270:
2211:
2179:
2126:
2069:
1907:
1439:
881:
715:needs additional citations for
167:
6300:Endothelin receptor antagonist
6164:Acetylcholine receptor agonist
5923:Adrenergic receptor antagonist
4149:. 4 April 2019. Archived from
3321:"VALSARTAN - valsartan tablet"
2427:10.1016/j.amjhyper.2005.05.005
2295:10.1002/14651858.CD009096.pub2
1856:
1588:. Elsevier. pp. 523–530.
1415:Dilated aortic root regression
1007:active metabolite of losartan
597:nerve synapses. Blockage of AT
454:in patients with pre-existing
349:Indeed, as a consequence of AT
275:Department of Veterans Affairs
78:angiotensin II receptor type 1
13:
1:
7432:Valsartan/hydrochlorothiazide
6132:Glutamate receptor antagonist
6048:Serotonin receptor antagonist
6001:Histamine receptor antagonist
5776:Negative allosteric modulator
5770:Positive allosteric modulator
4788:Thrombolytics / fibrinolytics
4534:Chapman, Kit (29 June 2021).
4056:10.1016/S0895-7061(03)00782-9
3708:10.1016/S0895-7061(99)00116-8
3645:Journal of Human Hypertension
3623:10.1016/S0149-2918(03)80066-8
3561:10.1016/S0140-6736(99)10365-9
3149:10.1016/s0895-7061(02)02280-x
2864:Archives of Internal Medicine
2543:10.1016/S1470-2045(10)70106-6
2265:Australian Medicines Handbook
2043:Current Pharmaceutical Design
2000:Journal of Human Hypertension
1976:10.1016/S0895-7061(97)00491-3
1916:The Annals of Pharmacotherapy
1570:
1426:
1291:Minor substrates of CYP2C9
811: – 30000-fold
805: – 12500-fold
62:angiotensin receptor blockers
7045:Tooltip Angiotensin receptor
6289:Adenosine reuptake inhibitor
6223:Cannabinoid receptor agonist
6142:Glutamate reuptake inhibitor
6061:Serotonin reuptake inhibitor
5972:Dopamine receptor antagonist
5499:Wakefulness-promoting agents
4286:Food and Drug Administration
4245:Food and Drug Administration
4178:Food and Drug Administration
4145:Food and Drug Administration
4116:Food and Drug Administration
4087:Food and Drug Administration
2786:. Elsevier. pp. 78–83.
2617:10.1097/HJH.0b013e3283621ea3
2579:Food and Drug Administration
2232:10.1097/HJH.0b013e3283350f50
1446:Food and Drug Administration
1435:Ranitidine § impurities
1393:
1069:Moderate sensitive substrate
861:
793: – 8500-fold
787: – 3000-fold
781: – 1000-fold
645:Food and Drug Administration
521:
464:hypertensive nephrosclerosis
392:Food and Drug Administration
334:with ACE inhibitor therapy.
7:
5977:Dopamine reuptake inhibitor
5899:Adrenergic receptor agonist
4006:10.1152/ajprenal.00503.2009
3130:Siragy HM (November 2002).
2899:Annals of Internal Medicine
2841:10.7326/0003-4819-115-7-513
2829:Annals of Internal Medicine
2748:10.1097/MD.0000000000003600
1388:
1342:Peak plasma concentration
923:Peak plasma concentration
903:Table 1: Comparison of ARB
898:Pharmacokinetics comparison
243:Some of these drugs have a
10:
7496:
6560:+bisoprolol and amlodipine
6556:+amlodipine and indapamide
6268:Opioid receptor antagonist
6122:Glutamate receptor agonist
6043:Serotonin receptor agonist
5996:Histamine receptor agonist
5149:Intravenous immunoglobulin
4560:Swissmedic (1 July 2021).
3839:10.2106/JBJS.JOPA.20.00030
2954:10.1053/j.ajkd.2006.10.014
2876:10.1001/archinte.160.5.685
2408:Levy BI (September 2005).
2055:10.2174/138161205774913309
1432:
1381:
601:receptors directly causes
514:
510:
498:Excessive citations inline
450:associated with a rise of
448:glomerular filtration rate
29:
7407:
7038:
6958:
6942:
6915:
6876:
6835:
6666:
6414:
6326:
6281:
6248:
6213:
6154:
6112:
6083:
6074:
6033:
5986:
5967:Dopamine receptor agonist
5957:
5876:
5862:
5847:
5830:
5823:
5703:
5623:
5579:
5551:
5507:
5316:
5251:
5214:
5162:
5075:
5019:
4979:
4936:
4820:
4756:
4668:
4381:European Medicines Agency
4351:European Medicines Agency
4314:European Medicines Agency
3952:10.1016/j.mce.2017.12.005
3792:10.1007/s00424-009-0725-4
2204:10.1586/14737175.8.9.1285
1655:blood pressure medication
1500:
1481:European Medicines Agency
472:polycystic kidney disease
384:
6456:Dicarboxylate-containing
6403:renin–angiotensin system
6233:Endocannabinoid enhancer
6179:Cholinesterase inhibitor
6098:GABA receptor antagonist
5204:Topoisomerase inhibitors
4888:renin–angiotensin system
4882:Calcium channel blockers
4612:Medical Subject Headings
4310:"Nitrosamine impurities"
3894:10.21037/hbsn.2016.02.06
3067:10.1177/1470320310370852
2983:Weir MR (October 2002).
2449:Lévy BI (January 2004).
1307:0.5–3 hrs after dosing.
868:biphenyltetrazole moiety
866:Nearly all ARBs contain
264:stress-related disorders
258:stimulation, is a major
250:Angiotensin II, through
117:congestive heart failure
94:renin–angiotensin system
84:) and thereby block the
6273:Enkephalinase inhibitor
6263:Opioid receptor agonist
6103:GABA reuptake inhibitor
5808:♦ Miscellaneous:
3252:10.1067/mcp.2002.127945
3112:10.2217/1745509x.1.1.27
2704:The Wall Street Journal
2605:Journal of Hypertension
2220:Journal of Hypertension
2102:10.1196/annals.1410.006
605:, reduces secretion of
585:receptors are found in
569:These substances are AT
503:considered for deletion
373:, as well as eliciting
300:orthostatic hypotension
153:in patients developing
103:(high blood pressure),
41:Losartan, the first ARB
6632:Phosphonate-containing
6399:Antihypertensive drugs
5856:Ion channel modulators
4996:Hormonal contraception
4926:Bile acid sequestrants
4707:Proton-pump inhibitors
4670:gastrointestinal tract
3657:10.1038/sj.jhh.1001391
2012:10.1038/sj.jhh.1001941
1486:In November 2020, the
1462:N-Nitrosodimethylamine
476:chronic kidney disease
292:adverse drug reactions
126:the activation of the
86:arteriolar contraction
42:
7422:Olmesartan/amlodipine
6427:Sulfhydryl-containing
6093:GABA receptor agonist
3611:Clinical Therapeutics
2420:(9 Pt 2): 134S–141S.
1834:10.1001/jama.289.1.65
1474:N-Nitrosodiethylamine
1444:In June 2018, the US
1382:Further information:
888:heterocycle imidazole
822:Binding affinities Ki
515:Further information:
480:interstitial fibrosis
460:renal artery stenosis
344:myocardial infarction
338:Myocardial infarction
40:
7417:Amlodipine/valsartan
7029:Angiotensin receptor
5605:Radiopharmaceuticals
5393:Antiparkinson agents
4237:"General Advice ARB"
2989:Kidney International
2581:(FDA). 2 June 2011.
2531:The Lancet. Oncology
1564:Teva Pharmaceuticals
1479:In August 2020, the
1337:Biological half-life
1149:Minor substrates of
990:Sensitive substrates
918:Biological half-life
724:improve this article
218:diabetic nephropathy
105:diabetic nephropathy
74:receptor antagonists
6862:+amlodipine and HCT
6810:+amlodipine and HCT
6785:+amlodipine and HCT
6759:+amlodipine and HCT
6721:+amlodipine and HCT
6694:+amlodipine and HCT
6594:+amlodipine and HCT
6309:receptor antagonist
5388:Antimigraine agents
5378:Antidementia agents
5281:Anti-inflammatories
4971:Medicated dressings
4911:Antihyperlipidemics
4738:Diabetes medication
4385:. 17 September 2018
4208:. 23 September 2019
4153:on 30 December 2019
3701:(2 Pt 1): 231–235,
2094:2008NYASA1148..360P
1882:10.2147/VHRM.S22591
1535:In April 2021, the
1407:Fibrosis regression
907:
886:Losartan carries a
565:Mechanism of action
557:include one or two
271:Alzheimer's disease
226:insulin sensitivity
6985:Never to phase III
5697:Pharmacomodulation
5241:Immunosuppressants
5111:Antimycobacterials
5067:Antithyroid agents
5051:Mineralocorticoids
4855:Cardiac stimulants
4845:Cardiac glycosides
4837:cardiac therapy /
4733:Anti-obesity drugs
4477:(20 August 2021).
4411:. 24 February 2021
2784:Nephrology Secrets
1969:(4 Pt 1): 445–53.
902:
841:. You can help by
628:Pressor inhibition
302:, rash, diarrhea,
43:
7445:
7444:
7341:Renin inhibitors:
6995:
6994:
6365:
6364:
6361:
6360:
6322:
6321:
6150:
6149:
6070:
6069:
5840:Enzyme inhibition
5663:
5662:
5566:Ophthalmologicals
5276:Anabolic steroids
5179:Anticancer agents
5142:Ectoparasiticides
4862:Antihypertensives
4810:Antifibrinolytics
4508:(in Portuguese).
4316:. 23 October 2019
3598:978-3-527-31257-3
3555:(9204): 637–645,
2801:978-0-323-47871-7
2263:Rossi S, editor.
2155:10.1136/bmj.b5465
1928:10.1345/aph.1M312
1728:Today on Medscape
1603:978-0-12-812200-6
1472:compounds, e.g.,
1464:(NDMA), from one
1378:
1377:
859:
858:
756:
755:
748:
575:angiotensin II AT
446:such as reducing
355:negative-feedback
151:antihypertensives
134:, preventing the
16:(Redirected from
7487:
7462:
7461:
7460:
7453:
7210:
7046:
7042:
7022:
7015:
7008:
6999:
6998:
6930:
6851:
6837:Renin inhibitors
6799:
6778:
6752:
6735:
6714:
6687:
6655:Other/ungrouped:
6646:
6622:
6587:
6574:
6541:
6519:
6501:
6479:
6446:
6392:
6385:
6378:
6369:
6368:
6339:Enzyme cofactors
6258:Opioid modulator
6215:Cannabinoidergic
6081:
6080:
5887:
5886:
5874:
5873:
5828:
5827:
5690:
5683:
5676:
5667:
5666:
5652:
5631:
5630:
5615:Senotherapeutics
5469:Neuroprotectives
5464:Mood stabilizers
5363:Anti-ADHD agents
5303:Muscle relaxants
5236:Immunostimulants
5231:Immunomodulators
5063:Thyroid hormones
5001:Fertility agents
4904:Renin inhibitors
4795:Antihemorrhagics
4762:forming organs (
4748:Dietary minerals
4654:
4647:
4640:
4631:
4630:
4626:
4595:
4594:
4592:
4590:
4579:
4573:
4572:
4570:
4568:
4557:
4551:
4550:
4548:
4546:
4531:
4522:
4521:
4519:
4517:
4496:
4490:
4489:
4487:
4485:
4471:
4465:
4464:
4462:
4460:
4449:
4443:
4442:
4440:
4438:
4427:
4421:
4420:
4418:
4416:
4401:
4395:
4394:
4392:
4390:
4372:
4366:
4364:
4362:
4360:
4342:
4327:
4325:
4323:
4321:
4306:
4300:
4299:
4297:
4295:
4290:. 30 August 2018
4282:
4274:
4268:
4262:
4261:
4257:
4255:
4253:
4241:
4233:
4227:
4224:
4218:
4217:
4215:
4213:
4198:
4192:
4191:
4189:
4187:
4169:
4163:
4162:
4160:
4158:
4136:
4130:
4129:
4127:
4125:
4120:. 28 August 2019
4107:
4101:
4100:
4098:
4096:
4091:. 20 August 2018
4078:
4072:
4071:
4058:
4034:
4028:
4027:
4017:
3985:
3979:
3978:
3976:
3974:
3931:
3925:
3924:
3914:
3896:
3872:
3866:
3865:
3863:
3861:
3818:
3812:
3811:
3775:
3769:
3768:
3758:
3747:10.1172/JCI36703
3726:
3720:
3719:
3710:
3690:
3684:
3683:
3640:
3634:
3633:
3617:(4): 1041–1055,
3606:
3600:
3586:
3580:
3579:
3544:
3538:
3537:
3492:
3486:
3482:
3476:
3475:
3473:
3472:
3457:
3448:
3447:
3445:
3444:
3429:
3420:
3419:
3417:
3416:
3401:
3392:
3391:
3389:
3388:
3373:
3364:
3363:
3361:
3360:
3345:
3336:
3335:
3333:
3332:
3317:
3308:
3307:
3305:
3304:
3289:
3280:
3279:
3234:
3228:
3227:
3221:
3220:
3205:
3192:
3191:
3189:
3187:
3168:
3162:
3161:
3151:
3127:
3116:
3115:
3095:
3089:
3088:
3078:
3046:
3040:
3039:
3037:
3036:
3021:
3015:
3014:
3004:
2980:
2974:
2973:
2937:
2931:
2930:
2894:
2888:
2887:
2859:
2853:
2852:
2824:
2818:
2817:
2779:
2770:
2769:
2759:
2727:
2721:
2720:
2718:
2716:
2694:
2688:
2687:
2677:
2645:
2639:
2638:
2628:
2596:
2587:
2586:
2571:
2565:
2564:
2554:
2522:
2516:
2515:
2487:
2481:
2480:
2470:
2446:
2440:
2439:
2429:
2405:
2399:
2398:
2388:
2364:
2358:
2357:
2347:
2323:
2317:
2316:
2306:
2274:
2268:
2261:
2252:
2251:
2215:
2209:
2208:
2206:
2183:
2177:
2176:
2166:
2137:(January 2010).
2130:
2124:
2123:
2113:
2073:
2067:
2066:
2038:
2032:
2031:
1995:
1989:
1988:
1978:
1954:
1948:
1947:
1911:
1905:
1904:
1894:
1884:
1860:
1854:
1853:
1817:
1811:
1810:
1800:
1768:
1762:
1761:
1759:
1758:
1744:
1738:
1737:
1735:
1734:
1720:
1711:
1710:
1701:
1700:
1679:
1670:
1669:
1667:
1666:
1657:. Archived from
1647:
1641:
1640:
1638:
1637:
1622:
1616:
1615:
1581:
1522:
1513:
1230:Benicar/Olmetec
908:
905:pharmacokinetics
901:
854:
851:
833:
826:
758:The ratios of AT
751:
744:
740:
737:
731:
708:
700:
506:
452:serum creatinine
444:kidney functions
320:renal impairment
90:sodium retention
60:, also known as
21:
7495:
7494:
7490:
7489:
7488:
7486:
7485:
7484:
7470:
7469:
7468:
7458:
7456:
7448:
7446:
7441:
7403:
7394:Angiotensinogen
7061:Angiotensin III
7044:
7034:
7026:
6996:
6991:
6990:
6975:Clinical trials
6954:
6938:
6928:
6911:
6872:
6849:
6839:
6831:
6797:
6776:
6750:
6733:
6712:
6685:
6670:
6662:
6644:
6620:
6585:
6572:
6539:
6517:
6499:
6477:
6444:
6418:
6410:
6396:
6366:
6357:
6318:
6308:
6277:
6244:
6209:
6146:
6108:
6066:
6055:
6029:
6024:
6016:
6008:
5982:
5953:
5867:
5858:
5843:
5819:
5765:Inverse agonist
5755:Partial agonist
5699:
5694:
5664:
5659:
5655:Medicine portal
5619:
5575:
5547:
5542:
5534:Cough medicines
5529:Bronchodilators
5510:
5503:
5383:Antidepressants
5373:Anticonvulsants
5321:
5312:
5308:Bisphosphonates
5298:Corticosteroids
5260:
5247:
5219:
5210:
5194:Spindle poisons
5184:Antimetabolites
5167:
5158:
5080:
5071:
5046:Glucocorticoids
5041:Corticosteroids
5022:
5015:
4982:
4975:
4932:
4850:Antiarrhythmics
4823:
4816:
4773:Antithrombotics
4761:
4752:
4728:Antipropulsives
4724:Antidiarrhoeals
4701:
4672:
4664:
4658:
4625:. 4 April 2022.
4617:
4604:
4599:
4598:
4588:
4586:
4581:
4580:
4576:
4566:
4564:
4558:
4554:
4544:
4542:
4540:Chemistry World
4532:
4525:
4515:
4513:
4498:
4497:
4493:
4483:
4481:
4472:
4468:
4458:
4456:
4451:
4450:
4446:
4436:
4434:
4429:
4428:
4424:
4414:
4412:
4403:
4402:
4398:
4388:
4386:
4374:
4373:
4369:
4358:
4356:
4344:
4343:
4330:
4319:
4317:
4308:
4307:
4303:
4293:
4291:
4280:
4276:
4275:
4271:
4259:
4251:
4249:
4239:
4235:
4234:
4230:
4225:
4221:
4211:
4209:
4200:
4199:
4195:
4185:
4183:
4171:
4170:
4166:
4156:
4154:
4138:
4137:
4133:
4123:
4121:
4109:
4108:
4104:
4094:
4092:
4080:
4079:
4075:
4035:
4031:
3986:
3982:
3972:
3970:
3932:
3928:
3873:
3869:
3859:
3857:
3819:
3815:
3780:Pflügers Archiv
3776:
3772:
3727:
3723:
3691:
3687:
3641:
3637:
3607:
3603:
3587:
3583:
3545:
3541:
3493:
3489:
3483:
3479:
3470:
3468:
3459:
3458:
3451:
3442:
3440:
3431:
3430:
3423:
3414:
3412:
3403:
3402:
3395:
3386:
3384:
3375:
3374:
3367:
3358:
3356:
3347:
3346:
3339:
3330:
3328:
3319:
3318:
3311:
3302:
3300:
3291:
3290:
3283:
3235:
3231:
3218:
3216:
3207:
3206:
3195:
3185:
3183:
3170:
3169:
3165:
3142:(11): 1006–14.
3128:
3119:
3096:
3092:
3047:
3043:
3034:
3032:
3022:
3018:
2981:
2977:
2938:
2934:
2895:
2891:
2860:
2856:
2825:
2821:
2802:
2780:
2773:
2728:
2724:
2714:
2712:
2695:
2691:
2666:10.1002/jcph.98
2646:
2642:
2597:
2590:
2573:
2572:
2568:
2523:
2519:
2488:
2484:
2447:
2443:
2406:
2402:
2365:
2361:
2324:
2320:
2289:(8): CD009096.
2275:
2271:
2262:
2255:
2216:
2212:
2185:
2184:
2180:
2131:
2127:
2074:
2070:
2049:(32): 4161–75.
2039:
2035:
1996:
1992:
1955:
1951:
1912:
1908:
1861:
1857:
1818:
1814:
1769:
1765:
1756:
1754:
1746:
1745:
1741:
1732:
1730:
1722:
1721:
1714:
1707:
1698:
1696:
1681:
1680:
1673:
1664:
1662:
1649:
1648:
1644:
1635:
1633:
1624:
1623:
1619:
1604:
1582:
1578:
1573:
1533:
1532:
1531:
1530:
1525:
1524:
1523:
1515:
1514:
1503:
1442:
1437:
1429:
1417:
1409:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1352:Bioavailability
1347:Protein binding
1256:OATP1B1/SLCO1B1
1114:OATP1B1/SLCO1B1
933:Bioavailability
928:Protein binding
900:
884:
864:
855:
849:
846:
839:needs expansion
824:
773:
769:
765:
761:
752:
741:
735:
732:
721:
709:
698:
696:
692:
630:
622:pharmacokinetic
618:pharmacodynamic
600:
584:
578:
572:
567:
524:
519:
513:
491:
432:
412:prostate cancer
387:
379:proinflammatory
364:
360:
352:
340:
288:
286:Adverse effects
255:
214:type 2 diabetes
170:
131:
83:
73:
57:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7493:
7483:
7482:
7467:
7466:
7443:
7442:
7440:
7439:
7434:
7429:
7424:
7419:
7413:
7411:
7405:
7404:
7402:
7401:
7396:
7387:
7386:
7381:
7376:
7371:
7366:
7361:
7356:
7351:
7346:
7337:
7336:
7331:
7326:
7321:
7316:
7311:
7306:
7301:
7296:
7291:
7286:
7281:
7276:
7271:
7266:
7261:
7256:
7251:
7246:
7241:
7236:
7231:
7226:
7221:
7216:
7204:
7203:
7198:
7193:
7188:
7183:
7178:
7173:
7168:
7163:
7158:
7153:
7148:
7143:
7138:
7133:
7128:
7123:
7118:
7113:
7108:
7103:
7098:
7093:
7088:
7079:
7078:
7073:
7068:
7066:Angiotensin IV
7063:
7058:
7056:Angiotensin II
7049:
7047:
7036:
7035:
7025:
7024:
7017:
7010:
7002:
6993:
6992:
6989:
6988:
6987:
6986:
6983:
6972:
6966:
6960:
6959:
6956:
6955:
6953:
6952:
6946:
6944:
6940:
6939:
6937:
6936:
6922:
6920:
6913:
6912:
6910:
6909:
6904:
6899:
6894:
6888:
6886:
6874:
6873:
6871:
6870:
6865:
6843:
6841:
6833:
6832:
6830:
6829:
6818:+lercanidipine
6792:
6771:
6766:
6745:
6728:
6707:
6702:
6697:
6680:
6674:
6672:
6664:
6663:
6661:
6660:
6652:
6639:
6628:
6615:
6610:
6605:
6580:
6567:
6534:
6529:
6512:
6507:
6494:
6489:
6472:
6465:+lercanidipine
6452:
6439:
6434:
6422:
6420:
6416:ACE inhibitors
6412:
6411:
6401:acting on the
6395:
6394:
6387:
6380:
6372:
6363:
6362:
6359:
6358:
6356:
6355:
6343:
6330:
6328:
6324:
6323:
6320:
6319:
6317:
6316:
6311:
6306:
6302:
6297:
6292:
6285:
6283:
6279:
6278:
6276:
6275:
6270:
6265:
6260:
6254:
6252:
6246:
6245:
6243:
6242:
6236:
6230:
6225:
6219:
6217:
6211:
6210:
6208:
6207:
6201:
6192:
6183:
6182:
6181:
6170:
6160:
6158:
6152:
6151:
6148:
6147:
6145:
6144:
6139:
6129:
6118:
6116:
6110:
6109:
6107:
6106:
6100:
6095:
6089:
6087:
6078:
6072:
6071:
6068:
6067:
6065:
6064:
6058:
6053:
6045:
6039:
6037:
6031:
6030:
6028:
6027:
6022:
6018:
6014:
6010:
6006:
5998:
5992:
5990:
5984:
5983:
5981:
5980:
5974:
5969:
5963:
5961:
5955:
5954:
5952:
5951:
5945:
5939:
5933:
5920:
5914:
5905:
5895:
5893:
5884:
5871:
5860:
5859:
5853:
5851:
5845:
5844:
5836:
5834:
5825:
5821:
5820:
5818:
5817:
5812:
5805:
5804:
5798:
5792:
5780:
5779:
5773:
5767:
5762:
5757:
5752:
5741:
5740:
5735:
5724:
5723:
5718:
5707:
5705:
5701:
5700:
5693:
5692:
5685:
5678:
5670:
5661:
5660:
5658:
5657:
5646:
5641:
5636:
5624:
5621:
5620:
5618:
5617:
5612:
5607:
5602:
5600:Contrast media
5597:
5591:
5589:
5577:
5576:
5574:
5573:
5568:
5562:
5560:
5553:sensory organs
5549:
5548:
5546:
5545:
5540:
5536:
5531:
5526:
5520:
5518:
5505:
5504:
5502:
5501:
5496:
5491:
5486:
5481:
5476:
5471:
5466:
5461:
5452:
5451:
5450:
5445:
5440:
5430:
5425:
5420:
5415:
5410:
5405:
5400:
5398:Antipsychotics
5395:
5390:
5385:
5380:
5375:
5370:
5368:Antiaddictives
5365:
5360:
5355:
5354:
5353:
5348:
5338:
5332:
5330:
5323:nervous system
5314:
5313:
5311:
5310:
5305:
5300:
5295:
5293:Antirheumatics
5290:
5289:
5288:
5278:
5272:
5270:
5249:
5248:
5246:
5245:
5244:
5243:
5238:
5227:
5225:
5212:
5211:
5209:
5208:
5207:
5206:
5201:
5199:Antineoplastic
5196:
5191:
5186:
5175:
5173:
5160:
5159:
5157:
5156:
5151:
5146:
5145:
5144:
5139:
5134:
5132:Antiprotozoals
5127:Antiparasitics
5124:
5119:
5114:
5107:Antibacterials
5103:Antimicrobials
5099:
5097:
5073:
5072:
5070:
5069:
5060:
5055:
5054:
5053:
5048:
5038:
5032:
5030:
5017:
5016:
5014:
5013:
5008:
5003:
4998:
4992:
4990:
4977:
4976:
4974:
4973:
4968:
4966:Antipsoriatics
4963:
4958:
4953:
4947:
4945:
4934:
4933:
4931:
4930:
4929:
4928:
4923:
4918:
4908:
4907:
4906:
4901:
4896:
4894:ACE inhibitors
4884:
4879:
4874:
4869:
4864:
4859:
4858:
4857:
4852:
4847:
4833:
4831:
4822:cardiovascular
4818:
4817:
4815:
4814:
4813:
4812:
4807:
4802:
4792:
4791:
4790:
4785:
4783:Anticoagulants
4780:
4769:
4767:
4754:
4753:
4751:
4750:
4745:
4740:
4735:
4730:
4721:
4716:
4711:
4710:
4709:
4704:
4699:
4695:
4684:
4682:
4666:
4665:
4657:
4656:
4649:
4642:
4634:
4628:
4627:
4615:
4603:
4602:External links
4600:
4597:
4596:
4585:. 5 April 2022
4574:
4552:
4523:
4512:. 23 June 2022
4491:
4466:
4444:
4422:
4396:
4367:
4328:
4301:
4269:
4228:
4219:
4193:
4182:. 28 June 2019
4164:
4131:
4102:
4073:
4029:
4000:(3): F683-91.
3980:
3926:
3887:(3): 249–255.
3867:
3813:
3770:
3721:
3685:
3635:
3601:
3581:
3539:
3504:(5): 335–346.
3487:
3477:
3449:
3421:
3393:
3365:
3337:
3309:
3281:
3246:(3): 238–246.
3229:
3193:
3163:
3117:
3090:
3041:
3030:Pharmacy Times
3016:
2995:(4): 1482–92.
2975:
2932:
2889:
2854:
2819:
2800:
2771:
2722:
2689:
2640:
2611:(8): 1669–75.
2588:
2566:
2517:
2482:
2441:
2400:
2359:
2318:
2269:
2253:
2226:(3): 575–581.
2210:
2178:
2125:
2068:
2033:
1990:
1949:
1906:
1855:
1812:
1763:
1739:
1712:
1705:
1671:
1642:
1617:
1602:
1575:
1574:
1572:
1569:
1527:
1526:
1517:
1516:
1508:
1507:
1506:
1505:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1441:
1438:
1428:
1425:
1416:
1413:
1408:
1405:
1399:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1376:
1375:
1366:
1365:Daily dosage
1363:
1360:
1356:Renal/hepatic
1354:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1331:
1327:
1326:
1323:
1320:
1317:
1314:
1311:
1308:
1305:
1302:
1299:
1293:
1292:
1289:
1286:
1283:
1280:
1277:
1274:
1271:
1268:
1265:
1259:
1258:
1254:Substrates of
1252:
1249:
1246:
1243:
1240:
1237:
1234:
1231:
1228:
1222:
1221:
1218:
1215:
1212:
1209:
1206:
1203:
1200:
1197:
1194:
1188:
1187:
1184:
1181:
1178:
1175:
1172:
1169:
1166:
1163:
1160:
1154:
1153:
1147:
1144:
1141:
1138:
1135:
1132:
1129:
1126:
1123:
1117:
1116:
1106:
1103:
1100:
1097:
1094:
1091:
1088:
1085:
1082:
1076:
1075:
1066:
1063:
1060:
1057:
1054:
1051:
1048:
1045:
1042:
1036:
1035:
1032:
1029:
1026:
1023:
1020:
1017:
1014:
1011:
1008:
1001:
1000:
987:
984:
981:
978:
975:
972:
969:
966:
963:
957:
956:
947:
946:Daily dosage
944:
941:
937:Renal/hepatic
935:
930:
925:
920:
915:
912:
899:
896:
883:
880:
863:
860:
857:
856:
836:
834:
823:
820:
819:
818:
812:
806:
800:
794:
788:
782:
771:
770:affinity vs AT
767:
763:
759:
754:
753:
712:
710:
703:
697:
694:
693:affinity vs AT
690:
687:
686:
685:
679:
673:
667:
661:
655:
635:inhibition at
629:
626:
598:
582:
576:
570:
566:
563:
523:
520:
512:
509:
431:
430:Kidney failure
428:
386:
383:
375:proatherogenic
362:
358:
350:
339:
336:
287:
284:
260:stress hormone
253:
169:
166:
144:ACE inhibitors
140:angiotensin II
129:
81:
71:
55:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7492:
7481:
7478:
7477:
7475:
7465:
7455:
7454:
7451:
7438:
7435:
7433:
7430:
7428:
7425:
7423:
7420:
7418:
7415:
7414:
7412:
7410:
7409:Combinations:
7406:
7400:
7399:Angiotensin I
7397:
7395:
7392:
7389:
7388:
7385:
7382:
7380:
7377:
7375:
7372:
7370:
7367:
7365:
7362:
7360:
7357:
7355:
7352:
7350:
7347:
7345:
7342:
7339:
7338:
7335:
7332:
7330:
7327:
7325:
7322:
7320:
7317:
7315:
7312:
7310:
7307:
7305:
7302:
7300:
7297:
7295:
7292:
7290:
7287:
7285:
7282:
7280:
7277:
7275:
7272:
7270:
7267:
7265:
7262:
7260:
7257:
7255:
7252:
7250:
7247:
7245:
7242:
7240:
7237:
7235:
7232:
7230:
7227:
7225:
7222:
7220:
7217:
7215:
7212:
7206:
7205:
7202:
7199:
7197:
7194:
7192:
7189:
7187:
7184:
7182:
7179:
7177:
7174:
7172:
7169:
7167:
7164:
7162:
7159:
7157:
7154:
7152:
7149:
7147:
7144:
7142:
7139:
7137:
7134:
7132:
7129:
7127:
7124:
7122:
7119:
7117:
7114:
7112:
7109:
7107:
7104:
7102:
7099:
7097:
7094:
7092:
7089:
7087:
7084:
7081:
7080:
7077:
7074:
7072:
7069:
7067:
7064:
7062:
7059:
7057:
7054:
7051:
7050:
7048:
7043:
7037:
7033:
7030:
7023:
7018:
7016:
7011:
7009:
7004:
7003:
7000:
6984:
6982:
6979:
6978:
6976:
6973:
6970:
6967:
6965:
6962:
6961:
6957:
6951:
6948:
6947:
6945:
6941:
6934:
6927:
6924:
6923:
6921:
6918:
6914:
6908:
6905:
6903:
6900:
6898:
6895:
6893:
6890:
6889:
6887:
6884:
6880:
6875:
6869:
6866:
6863:
6859:
6855:
6848:
6845:
6844:
6842:
6838:
6834:
6827:
6823:
6819:
6815:
6811:
6807:
6803:
6796:
6793:
6790:
6786:
6782:
6775:
6772:
6770:
6767:
6764:
6760:
6756:
6749:
6746:
6743:
6739:
6732:
6729:
6726:
6722:
6718:
6711:
6708:
6706:
6703:
6701:
6698:
6695:
6691:
6684:
6681:
6679:
6676:
6675:
6673:
6669:
6665:
6659:
6656:
6653:
6650:
6643:
6640:
6638:
6634:
6633:
6629:
6626:
6619:
6616:
6614:
6611:
6609:
6606:
6603:
6599:
6595:
6591:
6584:
6581:
6578:
6571:
6568:
6565:
6561:
6557:
6553:
6549:
6545:
6538:
6535:
6533:
6530:
6527:
6523:
6516:
6513:
6511:
6508:
6505:
6498:
6495:
6493:
6490:
6487:
6483:
6476:
6473:
6470:
6469:+nitrendipine
6466:
6462:
6459:
6457:
6453:
6450:
6443:
6440:
6438:
6435:
6433:
6430:
6428:
6424:
6423:
6421:
6417:
6413:
6408:
6404:
6400:
6393:
6388:
6386:
6381:
6379:
6374:
6373:
6370:
6353:
6352:
6347:
6344:
6341:
6340:
6335:
6332:
6331:
6329:
6327:Miscellaneous
6325:
6315:
6312:
6310:
6303:
6301:
6298:
6296:
6293:
6290:
6287:
6286:
6284:
6280:
6274:
6271:
6269:
6266:
6264:
6261:
6259:
6256:
6255:
6253:
6251:
6247:
6240:
6237:
6234:
6231:
6229:
6226:
6224:
6221:
6220:
6218:
6216:
6212:
6205:
6202:
6200:
6196:
6193:
6191:
6187:
6184:
6180:
6177:
6176:
6174:
6171:
6169:
6165:
6162:
6161:
6159:
6157:
6153:
6143:
6140:
6137:
6133:
6130:
6127:
6123:
6120:
6119:
6117:
6115:
6114:Glutamatergic
6111:
6104:
6101:
6099:
6096:
6094:
6091:
6090:
6088:
6086:
6082:
6079:
6077:
6073:
6062:
6059:
6056:
6049:
6046:
6044:
6041:
6040:
6038:
6036:
6032:
6025:
6019:
6017:
6011:
6009:
6002:
5999:
5997:
5994:
5993:
5991:
5989:
5988:Histaminergic
5985:
5978:
5975:
5973:
5970:
5968:
5965:
5964:
5962:
5960:
5956:
5949:
5946:
5943:
5940:
5937:
5934:
5932:
5928:
5924:
5921:
5918:
5915:
5913:
5909:
5906:
5904:
5900:
5897:
5896:
5894:
5892:
5888:
5885:
5883:
5879:
5875:
5872:
5870:
5865:
5861:
5857:
5852:
5850:
5846:
5842:
5841:
5835:
5833:
5829:
5826:
5822:
5816:
5813:
5811:
5807:
5806:
5802:
5799:
5796:
5793:
5790:
5786:
5782:
5781:
5777:
5774:
5771:
5768:
5766:
5763:
5761:
5758:
5756:
5753:
5751:
5747:
5743:
5742:
5739:
5736:
5734:
5730:
5726:
5725:
5722:
5719:
5717:
5713:
5709:
5708:
5706:
5702:
5698:
5691:
5686:
5684:
5679:
5677:
5672:
5671:
5668:
5656:
5651:
5647:
5645:
5642:
5640:
5637:
5635:
5626:
5625:
5622:
5616:
5613:
5611:
5608:
5606:
5603:
5601:
5598:
5596:
5593:
5592:
5590:
5587:
5583:
5578:
5572:
5569:
5567:
5564:
5563:
5561:
5558:
5554:
5550:
5544:
5537:
5535:
5532:
5530:
5527:
5525:
5524:Decongestants
5522:
5521:
5519:
5516:
5512:
5506:
5500:
5497:
5495:
5492:
5490:
5487:
5485:
5482:
5480:
5477:
5475:
5472:
5470:
5467:
5465:
5462:
5460:
5456:
5453:
5449:
5446:
5444:
5443:Dissociatives
5441:
5439:
5436:
5435:
5434:
5433:Hallucinogens
5431:
5429:
5426:
5424:
5421:
5419:
5416:
5414:
5411:
5409:
5406:
5404:
5401:
5399:
5396:
5394:
5391:
5389:
5386:
5384:
5381:
5379:
5376:
5374:
5371:
5369:
5366:
5364:
5361:
5359:
5356:
5352:
5349:
5347:
5344:
5343:
5342:
5339:
5337:
5334:
5333:
5331:
5328:
5324:
5319:
5315:
5309:
5306:
5304:
5301:
5299:
5296:
5294:
5291:
5287:
5284:
5283:
5282:
5279:
5277:
5274:
5273:
5271:
5268:
5264:
5258:
5254:
5250:
5242:
5239:
5237:
5234:
5233:
5232:
5229:
5228:
5226:
5223:
5217:
5213:
5205:
5202:
5200:
5197:
5195:
5192:
5190:
5187:
5185:
5182:
5181:
5180:
5177:
5176:
5174:
5171:
5165:
5161:
5155:
5152:
5150:
5147:
5143:
5140:
5138:
5137:Anthelmintics
5135:
5133:
5130:
5129:
5128:
5125:
5123:
5120:
5118:
5115:
5112:
5108:
5104:
5101:
5100:
5098:
5095:
5091:
5087:
5083:
5078:
5074:
5068:
5064:
5061:
5059:
5056:
5052:
5049:
5047:
5044:
5043:
5042:
5039:
5037:
5034:
5033:
5031:
5028:
5024:
5018:
5012:
5009:
5007:
5004:
5002:
4999:
4997:
4994:
4993:
4991:
4988:
4984:
4981:genitourinary
4978:
4972:
4969:
4967:
4964:
4962:
4961:Antipruritics
4959:
4957:
4954:
4952:
4949:
4948:
4946:
4943:
4939:
4935:
4927:
4924:
4922:
4919:
4917:
4914:
4913:
4912:
4909:
4905:
4902:
4900:
4897:
4895:
4892:
4891:
4890:
4889:
4885:
4883:
4880:
4878:
4877:Beta blockers
4875:
4873:
4870:
4868:
4865:
4863:
4860:
4856:
4853:
4851:
4848:
4846:
4843:
4842:
4841:
4840:
4835:
4834:
4832:
4829:
4825:
4819:
4811:
4808:
4806:
4803:
4801:
4798:
4797:
4796:
4793:
4789:
4786:
4784:
4781:
4779:
4778:Antiplatelets
4776:
4775:
4774:
4771:
4770:
4768:
4765:
4759:
4755:
4749:
4746:
4744:
4741:
4739:
4736:
4734:
4731:
4729:
4725:
4722:
4720:
4717:
4715:
4712:
4708:
4705:
4703:
4696:
4694:
4691:
4690:
4689:
4686:
4685:
4683:
4680:
4676:
4671:
4667:
4663:
4655:
4650:
4648:
4643:
4641:
4636:
4635:
4632:
4624:
4623:Health Canada
4620:
4616:
4613:
4609:
4606:
4605:
4584:
4578:
4563:
4556:
4541:
4537:
4530:
4528:
4511:
4507:
4506:
4501:
4495:
4480:
4476:
4470:
4454:
4448:
4432:
4426:
4410:
4406:
4400:
4384:
4382:
4377:
4371:
4354:
4352:
4347:
4341:
4339:
4337:
4335:
4333:
4315:
4311:
4305:
4289:
4287:
4279:
4273:
4266:
4265:public domain
4248:
4246:
4238:
4232:
4223:
4207:
4203:
4197:
4181:
4179:
4174:
4168:
4152:
4148:
4146:
4141:
4135:
4119:
4117:
4112:
4106:
4090:
4088:
4083:
4077:
4070:
4066:
4062:
4057:
4052:
4048:
4044:
4040:
4033:
4025:
4021:
4016:
4011:
4007:
4003:
3999:
3995:
3991:
3984:
3969:
3965:
3961:
3957:
3953:
3949:
3945:
3941:
3937:
3930:
3922:
3918:
3913:
3908:
3904:
3900:
3895:
3890:
3886:
3882:
3878:
3871:
3856:
3852:
3848:
3844:
3840:
3836:
3832:
3828:
3824:
3817:
3809:
3805:
3801:
3797:
3793:
3789:
3786:(2): 325–32.
3785:
3781:
3774:
3766:
3762:
3757:
3752:
3748:
3744:
3741:(3): 524–30.
3740:
3736:
3732:
3725:
3718:
3714:
3709:
3704:
3700:
3696:
3689:
3682:
3678:
3674:
3670:
3666:
3662:
3658:
3654:
3650:
3646:
3639:
3632:
3628:
3624:
3620:
3616:
3612:
3605:
3599:
3595:
3591:
3585:
3578:
3574:
3570:
3566:
3562:
3558:
3554:
3550:
3543:
3535:
3531:
3527:
3523:
3519:
3515:
3511:
3507:
3503:
3499:
3491:
3481:
3466:
3462:
3456:
3454:
3438:
3434:
3428:
3426:
3410:
3406:
3400:
3398:
3382:
3378:
3372:
3370:
3354:
3350:
3344:
3342:
3326:
3322:
3316:
3314:
3298:
3294:
3288:
3286:
3277:
3273:
3269:
3265:
3261:
3257:
3253:
3249:
3245:
3241:
3233:
3226:
3214:
3210:
3204:
3202:
3200:
3198:
3181:
3177:
3173:
3172:"Saprisartan"
3167:
3159:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3141:
3137:
3133:
3126:
3124:
3122:
3113:
3109:
3105:
3101:
3094:
3086:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3068:
3064:
3060:
3056:
3052:
3045:
3031:
3027:
3020:
3012:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2994:
2990:
2986:
2979:
2971:
2967:
2963:
2959:
2955:
2951:
2947:
2943:
2936:
2928:
2924:
2920:
2916:
2912:
2908:
2905:(8): 604–15.
2904:
2900:
2893:
2885:
2881:
2877:
2873:
2870:(5): 685–93.
2869:
2865:
2858:
2850:
2846:
2842:
2838:
2834:
2830:
2823:
2816:
2811:
2807:
2803:
2797:
2793:
2789:
2785:
2778:
2776:
2767:
2763:
2758:
2753:
2749:
2745:
2742:(18): e3600.
2741:
2737:
2733:
2726:
2710:
2706:
2705:
2700:
2693:
2685:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2667:
2663:
2659:
2655:
2651:
2644:
2636:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2618:
2614:
2610:
2606:
2602:
2595:
2593:
2584:
2580:
2576:
2570:
2562:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2544:
2540:
2537:(7): 627–36.
2536:
2532:
2528:
2521:
2513:
2509:
2505:
2501:
2498:(6): 1261–2.
2497:
2493:
2486:
2478:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2460:
2456:
2452:
2445:
2437:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2419:
2415:
2411:
2404:
2396:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2379:(8): 855–60.
2378:
2374:
2370:
2363:
2355:
2351:
2346:
2341:
2338:(8): 838–54.
2337:
2333:
2329:
2322:
2314:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2296:
2292:
2288:
2284:
2280:
2273:
2266:
2260:
2258:
2249:
2245:
2241:
2237:
2233:
2229:
2225:
2221:
2214:
2205:
2200:
2196:
2192:
2188:
2182:
2174:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2156:
2152:
2148:
2144:
2140:
2136:
2129:
2121:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2103:
2099:
2095:
2091:
2087:
2083:
2079:
2072:
2064:
2060:
2056:
2052:
2048:
2044:
2037:
2029:
2025:
2021:
2017:
2013:
2009:
2005:
2001:
1994:
1986:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1968:
1964:
1960:
1953:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1933:
1929:
1925:
1921:
1917:
1910:
1902:
1898:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1874:
1870:
1866:
1859:
1851:
1847:
1843:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1823:
1816:
1808:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1790:
1786:
1783:(5): 467–71.
1782:
1778:
1774:
1767:
1753:
1749:
1743:
1729:
1725:
1719:
1717:
1709:
1695:
1691:
1687:
1686:
1678:
1676:
1661:on 2012-12-14
1660:
1656:
1652:
1646:
1631:
1627:
1621:
1613:
1609:
1605:
1599:
1595:
1591:
1587:
1580:
1576:
1568:
1565:
1561:
1559:
1555:
1549:
1547:
1542:
1538:
1521:
1512:
1498:
1495:
1491:
1489:
1484:
1482:
1477:
1475:
1471:
1467:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1447:
1436:
1431:
1424:
1422:
1412:
1404:
1385:
1380:
1374:
1370:
1367:
1364:
1361:
1359:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1332:
1329:
1328:
1324:
1321:
1318:
1315:
1312:
1309:
1306:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1294:
1290:
1287:
1284:
1281:
1278:
1275:
1272:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1260:
1257:
1253:
1250:
1247:
1244:
1241:
1238:
1235:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1223:
1219:
1216:
1213:
1210:
1207:
1204:
1201:
1198:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1189:
1185:
1182:
1179:
1176:
1173:
1170:
1167:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1156:
1155:
1152:
1148:
1145:
1142:
1139:
1136:
1133:
1130:
1127:
1124:
1122:
1119:
1118:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1104:
1101:
1098:
1095:
1092:
1089:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1077:
1074:
1070:
1067:
1064:
1061:
1058:
1055:
1052:
1049:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1037:
1033:
1030:
1027:
1024:
1021:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1009:
1006:
1003:
1002:
999:
995:
991:
988:
985:
982:
979:
976:
973:
970:
967:
964:
962:
959:
958:
955:
951:
948:
945:
942:
940:
936:
934:
931:
929:
926:
924:
921:
919:
916:
913:
910:
909:
906:
895:
893:
889:
879:
877:
873:
869:
853:
844:
840:
837:This section
835:
832:
828:
827:
816:
813:
810:
807:
804:
801:
798:
795:
792:
789:
786:
783:
780:
777:
776:
775:
750:
747:
739:
729:
725:
719:
718:
713:This section
711:
707:
702:
701:
683:
680:
677:
674:
671:
668:
665:
662:
659:
656:
653:
650:
649:
648:
646:
642:
638:
634:
625:
623:
619:
614:
612:
608:
604:
596:
592:
591:adrenal gland
588:
587:smooth muscle
580:
562:
560:
556:
552:
548:
544:
540:
536:
532:
528:
518:
508:
504:
500:
499:
495:
489:
485:
481:
477:
473:
469:
468:heart failure
465:
461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
438:and previous
437:
427:
424:
421:
415:
413:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
382:
380:
376:
372:
368:
356:
347:
345:
335:
333:
327:
325:
321:
317:
313:
310:, back pain,
309:
305:
301:
297:
293:
283:
279:
276:
272:
267:
265:
261:
257:
248:
246:
241:
237:
235:
231:
227:
223:
219:
215:
211:
207:
203:
199:
198:heart failure
195:
191:
187:
183:
179:
178:ACE inhibitor
175:
165:
163:
162:heart failure
160:
156:
152:
147:
145:
141:
137:
133:
125:
122:
118:
114:
110:
109:kidney damage
106:
102:
97:
95:
91:
87:
79:
75:
67:
63:
59:
58:) antagonists
51:
47:
39:
33:
19:
7408:
7391:Propeptides:
7390:
7340:
7334:Zofenoprilat
7324:Trandolapril
7304:Rescinnamine
7254:Gemopatrilat
7207:
7083:Antagonists:
7082:
7052:
6892:Gemopatrilat
6654:
6630:
6618:Trandolapril
6454:
6425:
6349:
6337:
6035:Serotonergic
5959:Dopaminergic
5838:
5438:Psychedelics
5408:Aphrodisiacs
5082:infestations
5058:Sex hormones
5011:Sex hormones
4956:Cicatrizants
4886:
4872:Vasodilators
4839:antianginals
4836:
4688:stomach acid
4687:
4622:
4587:. Retrieved
4577:
4565:. Retrieved
4555:
4543:. Retrieved
4539:
4514:. Retrieved
4503:
4494:
4482:. Retrieved
4469:
4457:. Retrieved
4447:
4435:. Retrieved
4425:
4413:. Retrieved
4408:
4399:
4387:. Retrieved
4379:
4370:
4357:. Retrieved
4349:
4318:. Retrieved
4313:
4304:
4294:17 September
4292:. Retrieved
4284:
4272:
4252:17 September
4250:. Retrieved
4243:
4231:
4222:
4212:24 September
4210:. Retrieved
4205:
4196:
4186:17 September
4184:. Retrieved
4176:
4167:
4157:17 September
4155:. Retrieved
4151:the original
4143:
4134:
4124:17 September
4122:. Retrieved
4114:
4105:
4095:17 September
4093:. Retrieved
4085:
4076:
4068:
4049:(S1): 259A.
4046:
4042:
4032:
3997:
3993:
3983:
3971:. Retrieved
3943:
3939:
3929:
3884:
3880:
3870:
3858:. Retrieved
3830:
3826:
3816:
3783:
3779:
3773:
3738:
3734:
3724:
3698:
3694:
3688:
3651:(2): 13–16,
3648:
3644:
3638:
3614:
3610:
3604:
3589:
3584:
3552:
3548:
3542:
3501:
3497:
3490:
3480:
3469:. Retrieved
3467:. 2018-01-25
3464:
3441:. Retrieved
3439:. 2017-05-04
3436:
3413:. Retrieved
3411:. 2014-12-05
3408:
3385:. Retrieved
3383:. 2018-11-01
3380:
3357:. Retrieved
3355:. 2018-09-04
3352:
3329:. Retrieved
3327:. 2017-12-07
3324:
3301:. Retrieved
3299:. 2017-06-27
3296:
3243:
3239:
3232:
3223:
3217:. Retrieved
3215:. 2018-12-26
3212:
3184:. Retrieved
3175:
3166:
3139:
3135:
3103:
3100:Aging Health
3099:
3093:
3058:
3054:
3044:
3033:. Retrieved
3029:
3019:
2992:
2988:
2978:
2948:(1): 12–26.
2945:
2941:
2935:
2902:
2898:
2892:
2867:
2863:
2857:
2835:(7): 513–9.
2832:
2828:
2822:
2813:
2783:
2739:
2735:
2725:
2713:. Retrieved
2702:
2692:
2660:(7): 773–8.
2657:
2653:
2643:
2608:
2604:
2569:
2534:
2530:
2520:
2495:
2492:Hypertension
2491:
2485:
2458:
2454:
2444:
2417:
2413:
2403:
2376:
2372:
2362:
2335:
2331:
2321:
2286:
2282:
2272:
2223:
2219:
2213:
2194:
2190:
2181:
2149:(9): b5465.
2146:
2142:
2128:
2088:(1): 360–6.
2085:
2081:
2071:
2046:
2042:
2036:
2006:(1): 45–50.
2003:
1999:
1993:
1966:
1962:
1952:
1922:(2): 360–6.
1919:
1915:
1909:
1872:
1868:
1858:
1825:
1821:
1815:
1780:
1776:
1766:
1755:. Retrieved
1751:
1742:
1731:. Retrieved
1727:
1703:
1697:, retrieved
1684:
1663:. Retrieved
1659:the original
1654:
1645:
1634:. Retrieved
1632:. 2020-02-28
1629:
1620:
1585:
1579:
1562:
1550:
1546:Ames testing
1534:
1496:
1492:
1485:
1478:
1443:
1440:Nitrosamines
1430:
1418:
1410:
1397:
1379:
1362:Food effect
1108:Substrates:
943:Food effect
885:
882:Active agent
865:
847:
843:adding to it
838:
757:
742:
736:January 2022
733:
722:Please help
717:verification
714:
640:
637:trough level
631:
615:
603:vasodilation
568:
549:include the
525:
496:
488:hypertension
440:hypertension
433:
425:
416:
388:
348:
341:
328:
314:, decreased
296:hyperkalemia
289:
280:
268:
249:
242:
238:
174:hypertension
171:
168:Medical uses
155:hypertension
148:
142:compared to
120:
101:hypertension
98:
69:
65:
61:
53:
52:), formally
49:
45:
44:
32:Sartan, Iran
7314:Spiraprilat
7289:Quinaprilat
7279:Perindopril
7274:Omapatrilat
7244:Enalaprilat
7211:inhibitors:
7191:Telmisartan
7176:Saprisartan
7166:Pratosartan
7151:Olodanrigan
7141:Milfasartan
7096:Candesartan
7086:Abitesartan
6971:from market
6907:Sampatrilat
6902:Omapatrilat
6854:+amlodipine
6826:+sacubitril
6806:+amlodipine
6781:+amlodipine
6774:Telmisartan
6755:+amlodipine
6738:+amlodipine
6717:+amlodipine
6690:+amlodipine
6683:Candesartan
6671:("-sartan")
6602:+felodipine
6598:+bisoprolol
6590:+amlodipine
6552:+indapamide
6548:+bisoprolol
6544:+amlodipine
6537:Perindopril
6522:+amlodipine
6504:+manidipine
6486:+pimobendan
6482:+amlodipine
6351:Amino acids
6250:Opioidergic
6156:Cholinergic
5869:transporter
5849:Ion channel
5785:Transporter
5729:Ion channel
5571:Otologicals
5543:antagonists
5509:respiratory
5484:Orexigenics
5479:Neurotoxins
5428:Euphoriants
5418:Entactogens
5413:Depressants
5403:Anxiolytics
5341:Anesthetics
5117:Antifungals
4714:Antiemetics
4702:antagonists
4510:Grupo Globo
4415:6 September
4389:13 November
4359:13 November
3946:: 149–158.
3496:subjects".
3176:drugbank.ca
2461:(1): 8–13.
2455:Circulation
2373:Circulation
2332:Circulation
1828:(1): 65–9.
1470:nitrosamine
1421:aortic root
1373:transporter
1333:Trade name
1273:1.5–3 hrs
1158:Telmisartan
1040:Candesartan
954:transporter
914:Trade name
872:telmisartan
815:Saprisartan
797:Candesartan
785:Telmisartan
658:Telmisartan
611:aldosterone
607:vasopressin
555:telmisartan
539:candesartan
456:proteinuria
408:lung cancer
371:hypertrophy
324:pharyngitis
230:Candesartan
202:candesartan
157:along with
121:selectively
92:effects of
7379:Terlakiren
7364:Imarikiren
7349:Ciprokiren
7329:Zofenopril
7319:Temocapril
7299:Rentiapril
7264:Lisinopril
7249:Fosinopril
7229:Cilazapril
7219:Benazepril
7201:Zolasartan
7186:Tasosartan
7181:Sparsentan
7171:Ripisartan
7161:Pomisartan
7146:Olmesartan
7131:Irbesartan
7126:Forasartan
7121:Fimasartan
7111:Eprosartan
7106:Embusartan
7091:Azilsartan
7032:modulators
6950:Sparsentan
6933:+valsartan
6926:Sacubitril
6919:inhibitors
6917:Neprilysin
6885:inhibitors
6840:("-kiren")
6822:+nebivolol
6802:+aliskiren
6769:Tasosartan
6748:Olmesartan
6710:Irbesartan
6705:Fimasartan
6700:Eprosartan
6678:Azilsartan
6642:Fosinopril
6637:Ceronapril
6625:+verapamil
6613:Temocapril
6515:Lisinopril
6492:Cilazapril
6475:Benazepril
6449:+nebivolol
6442:Zofenopril
6437:Rentiapril
6199:Ganglionic
6190:Muscarinic
6168:Muscarinic
5891:Adrenergic
5760:Antagonist
5494:Stimulants
5474:Nootropics
5448:Deliriants
5423:Entheogens
5358:Anorectics
5336:Analgesics
5189:Alkylating
5122:Antivirals
5077:infections
4951:Emollients
4805:Coagulants
4675:metabolism
3471:2019-02-06
3443:2019-02-06
3415:2019-02-06
3387:2019-02-06
3359:2019-02-06
3331:2019-02-06
3303:2019-02-06
3219:2019-02-06
3061:(1): 1–7.
3035:2019-02-05
1875:: 749–59.
1757:2019-02-03
1733:2019-02-03
1699:2020-03-21
1665:2020-03-21
1636:2020-03-21
1571:References
1458:irbesartan
1433:See also:
1427:Impurities
1369:Metabolism
1297:Fimasartan
1263:Azilsartan
1226:Olmesartan
1192:Eprosartan
1168:0.5–1 hr
1131:1.5–2 hrs
1121:Irbesartan
950:Metabolism
892:amino acid
876:eprosartan
817:– ???
803:Olmesartan
791:Irbesartan
682:Olmesartan
676:Azilsartan
670:Irbesartan
595:adrenergic
547:fimasartan
535:olmesartan
531:irbesartan
420:carcinomas
332:angioedema
316:hemoglobin
245:uricosuric
222:lisinopril
206:Irbesartan
194:angioedema
186:bradykinin
159:left-sided
7374:Remikiren
7369:Pepstatin
7359:Enalkiren
7354:Ditekiren
7344:Aliskiren
7309:Spirapril
7284:Quinapril
7269:Moexipril
7259:Imidapril
7239:Enalapril
7224:Captopril
7214:Alacepril
7196:Valsartan
7101:Elisartan
7076:Saralasin
7071:L-163,491
7053:Agonists:
6981:Phase III
6969:Withdrawn
6897:Ilepatril
6868:Remikiren
6847:Aliskiren
6795:Valsartan
6658:Alacepril
6608:Spirapril
6570:Quinapril
6532:Moexipril
6510:Imidapril
6461:Enalapril
6432:Captopril
6419:("-pril")
6346:Precursor
6195:Nicotinic
6173:Nicotinic
6085:GABAergic
5810:Precursor
5795:Inhibitor
5721:Inhibitor
5644:ATC codes
5610:Dressings
5595:Antidotes
5459:Sedatives
5455:Hypnotics
5164:malignant
5021:endocrine
4867:Diuretics
4800:Platelets
4760:and blood
4719:Laxatives
4226:valsartan
4065:0895-7061
3903:2304-3881
3855:242846521
3847:2470-1122
3681:219966061
3534:207300735
3518:1179-187X
3260:0009-9236
2810:239423283
2135:Wolozin B
1944:207263658
1630:Drugs.com
1554:Australia
1450:valsartan
1394:Longevity
1358:clearance
1236:1–2 hrs
1202:1–2 hrs
1162:Micardis
1080:Valsartan
939:clearance
862:Component
809:Valsartan
652:Valsartan
620:(PD) and
579:receptors
559:imidazole
551:tetrazole
543:valsartan
522:Structure
501:is being
398:from the
381:effects.
304:dyspepsia
224:improved
188:or other
7474:Category
7464:Medicine
7384:Zankiren
7294:Ramipril
7234:Delapril
7156:PD123319
7136:Losartan
7116:EXP-3174
6731:Losartan
6583:Ramipril
6497:Delapril
6334:Cofactor
6204:Muscular
5864:Receptor
5815:Cofactor
5801:Releaser
5789:Enhancer
5783:♦
5746:Receptor
5744:♦
5727:♦
5710:♦
5489:Serenics
5154:Vaccines
4921:Fibrates
4743:Vitamins
4693:Antacids
4320:6 August
4024:20042458
3973:14 April
3960:29233785
3921:27275467
3860:14 April
3808:24404339
3800:19763608
3765:19197138
3717:10090354
3677:ProQuest
3673:24382600
3665:11967728
3631:12809956
3577:18835715
3569:10696996
3526:21910510
3465:DailyMed
3437:DailyMed
3409:DailyMed
3381:DailyMed
3353:DailyMed
3325:DailyMed
3297:DailyMed
3276:28606328
3268:12235444
3213:DailyMed
3180:Archived
3158:12441224
3085:20603272
3011:12234333
2970:18337587
2962:17185142
2927:24795760
2919:11955029
2884:10724055
2766:27149494
2736:Medicine
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2684:23686462
2635:23822929
2583:Archived
2561:20542468
2512:16286568
2477:14707017
2436:16125050
2395:16923769
2354:16923768
2313:25148386
2248:28972688
2240:20090554
2173:20068258
2120:19120129
2063:16375738
2028:25534200
2020:16281062
1936:20086184
1901:22241949
1850:35939042
1842:12503978
1752:UpToDate
1694:31643954
1682:"ARBs",
1612:86384280
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1389:Research
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1276:>99%
1239:>99%
1217:400–800
1196:Teveten
1171:>99%
1146:150–300
1090:2–4 hrs
1053:>99%
1050:3–4 hrs
1044:Atacand
1013:6–9 hrs
1005:EXP 3174
983:Minimal
961:Losartan
850:May 2019
779:Losartan
664:Losartan
561:groups.
527:Losartan
494:template
436:diabetes
404:veterans
367:fibrosis
318:levels,
312:insomnia
256:receptor
247:effect.
234:migraine
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6291:(AdoRI)
6241:(eCBRI)
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4567:26 June
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3968:6615686
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2849:1883120
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2626:3879726
2552:4070221
2304:6486121
2164:2806632
2111:2659765
2090:Bibcode
1985:9607383
1892:3253768
1807:9833600
1798:1873694
1322:30–120
1313:30–40%
1301:Kanarb
1282:55/42%
1267:Edarbi
1245:40/60%
1211:30/70%
1174:42–58%
1140:20/80%
1134:90–95%
1125:Avapro
1105:80–320
1099:30/70%
1084:Diovan
1059:60/40%
1025:50/50%
986:50–100
980:10/90%
965:Cozaar
870:except
633:Pressor
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1501:Azides
1456:, and
1423:size.
1288:40–80
1251:10–40
1233:14–16
1183:40–80
1177:1/99%
1151:CYP2C9
1128:11–15
1073:CYP2C9
1019:99.8%
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994:CYP2C9
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