591:
511:
579:
603:
523:
619:
535:
547:
31:
359:
209:
299:
37:
416:
268:
1749:
1726:(In April 1983, some of the surviving nurses were received by President Ronald Reagan in the Oval Office and presented with plaques acknowledging their "courage above and beyond the call of duty" and their status as "the role model of Army Nursing". Monahan, Evelyn M. & Neidel-Greenlee, Rosemary (2003).
263:
In late
December 1941, many of the nurses were assigned to a pair of battlefield hospitals on Bataan named Hospital #1 and Hospital #2. These hospitals included the first open-air wards in US history since the Civil War. Tropical diseases, including malaria and dysentery, were widespread among both
648:
In honor of the valiant
American military women who gave so much of themselves in the early days of World War II. They provided care and comfort to the gallant defenders of Bataan and Corregidor. They lived on a starvation diet, shared the bombing, strafing, sniping, sickness and disease while
479:
study released in April, 2002 found that the nurses lost, on average, 30% of their body weight during internment, and subsequently experienced a degree of service-connected disability "virtually the same as the male ex-POW's of the
Pacific Theater." Maude C. Davison's body weight dropped from
692:
During World War II, the captured nurses were portrayed to motivate recruitment of additional military nurses. By the end of the war, 59,283 army nurses volunteered to serve, more than half volunteered for and served in combat zones, and sixteen were killed by enemy
472:, with whom it remained until the camp was liberated. Access to outside food sources was curtailed, the diet of the internees was reduced to 960 calories per person per day by November 1944, and further reduced to 700 calories per person per day by January 1945.
387:
Capt. Maude C. Davison, 57 years old and with 20 years of service experience, took command of the nurses, maintained a regular schedule of nursing duty, and insisted that all nurses wear their khaki blouses and skirts while on duty. She worked with
427:, one of the few nurses to escape, published a memoir of her experiences on Bataan in 1943 that concluded with a dramatic reminder that her colleagues were still prisoners. The nurses' story was dramatized in several wartime movies, including:
656:
Maj. Maude C. Davison, credited by many for keeping the army nurses alive by her insistence on the nurses maintaining their identity as nurses throughout their internment, was posthumously awarded the
404:, were transferred to a new internment camp at Los Baños, where they established a new infirmary and continued working as a nursing unit. At Los Baños they came to be known as "the sacred eleven".
1691:
See, for example, the US government poster showing captured nurses behind barbed wire, guarded by a
Japanese soldier, labelled "Nurses from Corregidor", and the slogan "Work to Set em Free".
185:. When Bataan and Corregidor fell, 11 navy nurses, 66 army nurses, and 1 nurse-anesthetist were captured and imprisoned in and around Manila. They continued to serve as a nursing unit while
384:. In addition to its civilian population, Santo Tomas became the initial internment camp for both the army and navy nurses, with the army nurses remaining there until their liberation.
2138:
590:
2128:
1644:
Both Cobb and
Davison were recommended for such awards immediately after the war, but at the time they were denied in favor of the Bronze Star. Norman, Elizabeth (2013).
1444:
W. Skelton, American Ex
Prisoners of War, pp. 26–28 (Independent Study Course Released April 2002)(Sponsored by Department of Veterans Affairs Employee Education System)
510:
236:, escaped from Manila to Bataan just before Manila fell. The remaining 11 navy nurses were captured upon the fall of Manila and interned by the Japanese at Santo Tomas.
774:, the nurses first referred to themselves as the "Battling Belles of Bataan" in 1942; the phrase "Angels of Bataan" appeared later, in 1945. Norman, Elizabeth (2013).
2183:
2178:
578:
1862:
1501:
50th
Anniversary Commemorative Album of the Flying Column 1945-1995: The Liberation of Santo Tomas Internment Camp February 3, 1945, by Rose Contey-Aiello (1995)(
602:
1943:
219:
Two army nurses, Lt. Floramund A. Fellmeth and Lt. Florence MacDonald, accompanied severely wounded patients from
Sternberg aboard the improvised hospital ship
2148:
2029:
649:
working endless hours of heartbreaking duty. These nurses always had a smile, a tender touch and a kind word for their patients. They truly earned the name
2004:
1891:
1064:
618:
2030:
Recollections of LT Dorothy Still Danner, NC, USN, captured by the
Japanese in Manila and imprisoned at Santo Thomas and Los Banos in the Philippines
2020:
1969:
534:
1600:
1251:
362:
Army nurses in Santo Tomas, 1943. Left to right: Bertha
Dworsky, Sallie Durrett, Earlene Black, Jean Kennedy, Louise Anchieks, and Millei Dalton.
412:
While the capture of the nurses was widely publicized in the US, little specific information was known of their fate until they were liberated.
2173:
1884:
1757:
994:
2061:
1065:
foxnews.com, POW story of "Angels of Bataan" army nurses is one of the greatest WWII stories never told. By Jennifer G. Hickey, 7 April 2017
275:
Just prior to the fall of Bataan on 9 April 1942, the nurses serving there were ordered to the island fortress of Corregidor by General
569:
522:
1991:
1982:
1618:
1268:
546:
657:
1362:
Lt. J. Redmond, ANC, I Served on Bataan, pp. 166–167 (JB Lippincott Co. 1943) (dedicated to the staff of Bataan Hospital No. 1)
1814:
1797:
1514:
1201:
291:
During the Battle of Corregidor, the nurses were stationed in the hospital and wards in the maze of tunnels connected to the
2076:
Dorothy Still Danner, Lieutenant, United States Navy, Bethesda nurses honor former POW, by Kevin Sforza NNMC Public Affairs
1996:
1179:
Santo Tomas Internment Camp: 1942-1945, by Frederic H Stevens (1946) foreword by Gen. Douglas MacArthur) (ASIN: B0007DK618)
501:
2014:"Angels At Bataan, Chronicling the Hellish Story of the Battle-scarred Nurses", by Chelsea J. Carter, Associated Press,
202:
182:
124:
1921:. United States Army In World War II. Washington, DC: Center Of Military History, United States Army. pp. 23–43.
1974:
1782:
1447:
1393:
825:
500:. The internees at Santo Tomas, including the nurses, were liberated on 3 February 1945, by a "flying column" of the
315:. However, they were stranded on Mindanao and became prisoners. They were transferred to Manila and interned at the
2188:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2143:
872:. United States Army In World War II. Washington, DC: Center Of Military History, United States Army. p. 26.
2053:
1954:
2001:
1821:
1506:
1193:
476:
174:
170:
1906:
276:
1585:
696:
By the 1980s, the "Angels of Bataan and Corregidor" were characterized as: "The role model of Army Nursing."
1658:
837:
747:(American nurse who aided American POWs under cover as Lithuanian nurse in Philippines during World War II)
572:
for extraordinary heroism in action. The navy nurses were likewise awarded Bronze Stars upon their return.
468:
In January 1944, control of the Santo Tomas Internment Camp changed from Japanese civil authorities to the
2013:
460:
was shown in the theaters, a recruitment booth staffed with Red Cross volunteers was set up in the lobby.
2049:"World War II Bataan 'angel' nurse dies: Jean Kennedy Schmidt was one of 77 taken prisoner at Corregidor"
1662:
371:
342:
2133:
212:
198:
1597:
1249:
1905:(2). American Defenders of Bataan and Corregidor: 1, 6–7, 9–11, 13–15. September 2003. Archived from
1880:
737:
625:
367:
316:
1598:
Lyn Kukral, WWII Nurse POW Gets Posthumous Award (Army News Service, Arlington, Va. August 21, 2001)
1248:
Lyn Kukral, WWII Nurse POW Gets Posthumous Award (Army News Service, Arlington, Va. August 21, 2001)
667:
432:
232:, stayed behind in Manila during the initial invasion to support the patients there. One of them,
2058:
1731:
497:
1980:
United States Army Nurse Corps (a brochure describing the experiences of the Corps during WWII)
1947:, American Legion Auxiliary — Volume 1 February 2011 Recollections of Floramund Fellmeth &
1346:
1213:
G. Ward and K. Burns, The War: An Intimate History, 1941-1945, pp. 79–82 (Alfred A. Knopf 2007)
1188:
So Far from Home: Manila's Santo Tomas Internment Camp, 1942-1945, by Bruce E Johansen (1996) (
469:
374:
by the Japanese during their occupation of the Philippines. The camp is described in detail in
311:
On 29 April, a small group of army nurses were evacuated, with other passengers, aboard a navy
1840:
Captured: The Japanese Internment of American Civilians in the Philippines, 1941-1945 (review)
375:
358:
323:, a few more army nurses, and a small group of civilians were evacuated aboard the submarine
30:
1730:, pp. x, 180. The nurses were further acknowledged by President Reagan in his July 2, 1983,
706:
448:
252:
116:
1881:
Louis Morton, US Army in World War II: The War in the Pacific--The Fall of the Philippines
689:
During World War II, the captured nurses were portrayed to motivate industrial production.
558:
205:, 88 US Army nurses escaped, in the last week of December 1941, to Corregidor and Bataan.
8:
1979:
1844:
1559:
The story of how this plaque came to be is summarized in Dr. Elizabeth Norman's history,
718:
564:
Upon returning to the US, the US Army awarded their nurses, among other decorations, the
440:
2112:
We Band of Angels: The Untold Story of American Nurses Trapped on Bataan by the Japanese
1771:
We Band of Angels: The Untold Story of American Nurses Trapped on Bataan by the Japanese
1615:
1272:
1919:
The Technical Services—The Medical Department: Medical Service In The War Against Japan
870:
The Technical Services—The Medical Department: Medical Service In The War Against Japan
724:
496:
ordered Major General Vernon D. Mudge to make an aggressive raid on Santo Tomas in the
489:
247:, together with navy nurse Bernatitus, escaped from Manila and went on to serve in the
78:
74:
2106:
1922:
1830:
1810:
1793:
1778:
1510:
1502:
1389:
1197:
1189:
873:
821:
750:
712:
565:
493:
320:
280:
233:
2100:
2087:
1849:
1774:
787:
771:
744:
671:
389:
248:
244:
225:
that departed Manila shortly after midnight of the New Year of 1942 for Australia.
220:
142:
112:
2094:
1266:
A. Booher, Celebrating Angel Maude Davison, Stories, American Ex-Prisoners of War
2065:
2024:
2008:
1986:
1959:
1622:
1616:
A. Booher, Celebrating Angel Maude Davison, Stories, American Ex-Prisoners of War
1604:
1451:
1255:
999:
753:(UK nurse and missionary imprisoned in Singapore, author of "The Captive's Hymn")
730:
424:
186:
2075:
1548:
1334:
660:
on 20 August 2001. A similar effort has not yet been undertaken for Chief Nurse
1335:"Bethesda nurses honor former POW, National Navy Medical Center Public Affairs"
609:
338:
292:
2070:
2034:
1997:
Oral Histories - U.S. Navy Nurse Prisoner of War in the Philippines, 1942-1945
1992:
Welcome to Army Nurse Corps History: "Preserving our past to guide our future"
1633:
341:
on 6 May, the remaining nurses were captured and on 2 July transferred to the
2122:
686:
The largest group of American women taken captive and imprisoned by an enemy.
661:
401:
324:
240:
229:
146:
2081:
197:
At the outset of World War II, US Army and US Navy nurses were stationed at
312:
120:
2048:
1853:
1834:
1445:
298:
208:
2054:
Caswell County Historical Association: Evelyn Barbara Whitlow (1916-1994)
2043:
1955:
Partners in Winning the War: American Women in World War II - Nurse Corps
638:
415:
178:
1809:
by Diane Burke Fessler, (August 1996), Michigan State University Press,
1753:
596:
Nurses leaving for the US after receiving Bronze Stars, 20 February 1945
166:
381:
337:
When Corregidor fell to Japanese forces under the command of General
1807:
No Time for Fear: Voices of American Military Nurses in World War II
36:
1732:"Radio Address to the Nation on the Observance of Independence Day"
516:
Army nurses climb into trucks leaving Santo Tomas, 12 February 1945
267:
201:
in Manila, and other military hospitals around Manila. During the
1926:
877:
584:
Army nurses awarded Bronze Stars by Gen. Denit on Leyte Island.
169:" and "The Battling Belles of Bataan") were the members of the
162:
733:(secret record kept at the Stanley Internment Camp, Hong Kong)
1777:(1999) Pocket Books, a division of Simon & Schuster Inc.
670:, a grandmother dubbed "the Angel of Bataan" was awarded the
400:
In May 1943, the navy nurses, still under the command of Lt.
641:
shrine by men who survived Bataan and Corregidor. It reads:
1964:
1713:
Monahan, Evelyn M. & Neidel-Greenlee, Rosemary (2004).
1488:
Monahan, Evelyn M. & Neidel-Greenlee, Rosemary (2003).
1462:
Monahan, Evelyn M. & Neidel-Greenlee, Rosemary (2003).
1418:
Monahan, Evelyn M. & Neidel-Greenlee, Rosemary (2003).
1320:
Monahan, Evelyn M. & Neidel-Greenlee, Rosemary (2003).
1235:
Monahan, Evelyn M. & Neidel-Greenlee, Rosemary (2003).
1166:
Monahan, Evelyn M. & Neidel-Greenlee, Rosemary (2003).
1140:
Monahan, Evelyn M. & Neidel-Greenlee, Rosemary (2003).
1114:
Monahan, Evelyn M. & Neidel-Greenlee, Rosemary (2003).
1088:
Monahan, Evelyn M. & Neidel-Greenlee, Rosemary (2003).
1051:
Monahan, Evelyn M. & Neidel-Greenlee, Rosemary (2003).
1025:
Monahan, Evelyn M. & Neidel-Greenlee, Rosemary (2003).
981:
Monahan, Evelyn M. & Neidel-Greenlee, Rosemary (2003).
955:
Monahan, Evelyn M. & Neidel-Greenlee, Rosemary (2003).
929:
Monahan, Evelyn M. & Neidel-Greenlee, Rosemary (2003).
903:
Monahan, Evelyn M. & Neidel-Greenlee, Rosemary (2003).
818:
And If I Perish: Frontline U.S. Army Nurses in World War II
816:
Monahan, Evelyn M. & Neidel-Greenlee, Rosemary (2004).
803:
Monahan, Evelyn M. & Neidel-Greenlee, Rosemary (2003).
177:
who were stationed in the Philippines at the outset of the
2083:
We All Came Home: Army and Navy Nurse POWs In World War II
2002:"Three Years In A Prison Camp" by Lt. Rita G. Palmer, ANC
2044:
Excerpt from the poem "Angels of Bataan" by Susan Terris
2139:
Military history of the Philippines during World War II
1572:
The plaque can be read near the end of the documentary
2071:
Rosmary Hogan (1912–1964) Colonel, US Army, WWII Nurse
1788:
Monahan, Evelyn M.; Neidel-Greenlee, Rosemary (2003).
1787:
637:
On 9 April 1980, a bronze plaque was dedicated at the
1970:
Lieutenant (j.g.) Ann A. Bernatitus, "Angel of Mercy"
1960:
Santo Tomas Internment Camp (1942 – February 3, 1945)
1790:
All This Hell: U.S. Nurses Imprisoned by the Japanese
1295:
American Nursing: A Biographical Dictionary, Volume 3
16:
Group of U.S. Army and Navy combat nurses (1941–1945)
1917:
Condon-Rall, Mary Ellen; Cowdrey, Albert E. (1998).
1863:"Dorothy Still Danner: Reminiscences of a Nurse POW"
1819:"The Angels of Bataan" by E. Norman and S. Eifried,
868:
Condon-Rall, Mary Ellen; Cowdrey, Albert E. (1998).
540:
Navy nurses rescued from Los Baños, 23 February 1945
2129:
Military medical organizations of the United States
1965:
Victims of Circumstance-Santo Tomas Internment Camp
727:(American author captured and imprisoned on Borneo)
557:The navy nurses were subsequently liberated in the
2099:is available for free viewing and download at the
2086:is available for free viewing and download at the
1916:
867:
683:The first large group of American women in combat.
279:(commander of the forces in the Philippines after
480:156 to 80 lbs (71 to 36 kg).
2184:Female United States Navy nurses in World War II
2179:Female United States Army nurses in World War II
2120:
1848:- Volume 23, Number 3, Summer 2000, pp. 549–552
2059:Lt. Rita G. Palmer of Hampton: Army Nurse Corps
1576:(2008) (produced and directed by Rainer Loeser)
741:(women interned on Sumatra during World War II)
624:Maj. Maude Davison and Lt. Eunice Young at the
1347:"Bethesda nurses honor former WW II POW Nurse"
2149:Japanese prisoner of war and internment camps
1975:Santo Tomas, Philippines WWII Internment Camp
1885:United States Army Center of Military History
1758:United States Army Center of Military History
1588:(March 7, 2014). With an image of the plaque.
715:(one of the US Navy nurses held at Los Baños)
709:(one of the US Navy nurses held at Los Baños)
1634:AAHN Gravesites of Prominent Nurses--Davison
444:(Paramount 1943) (based on the Redmond book)
239:The army nurses, under the command of Capt.
1269:"Stories - Celebrating Angel Maude Davison"
632:
463:
1825:. (1993 Summer). 25(2):121–6. Erratum in:
721:(one of five navy nurses captured on Guam)
677:
228:The navy nurses, under the command of Lt.
1827:Image: The Journal of Nursing Scholarship
1822:Image: The Journal of Nursing Scholarship
612:gets new bars from Maj. Juanita Redmond.
414:
357:
297:
266:
207:
2121:
1860:
1666:. Chula Vista, California. p. 25.
1549:Dates in American Naval History: March
1674:
1672:
1659:"Bataan's 'Angel,' 90, Shuns Acclaim"
1563:, at p. 318 note 2 (Epilogue note 2).
1526:G. Ward and K. Burns, The War, p. 342
652:"The Angels of Bataan and Corregidor"
332:
203:Battle of the Philippines (1941–1942)
183:Battle of the Philippines (1941–1942)
1351:Navy & Marine Corps Medical News
407:
189:. They were freed in February 1945.
2110:interview with Elizabeth Norman on
41:Liberated nurses, February 12, 1945
13:
1756:from websites or documents of the
1669:
552:Navy nurses rescued from Los Baños
14:
2200:
1934:
1345:Sforza, K. (September 28, 2001).
820:, p. 19 (First Anchor Books Ed.)
488:Emboldened by the success of the
353:
319:. On 3 May, the sole navy nurse,
2174:Philippines campaign (1944–1945)
1792:. University Press of Kentucky.
1752: This article incorporates
1747:
617:
601:
589:
577:
545:
533:
521:
509:
286:
35:
29:
1861:Herman, J. K. (May–June 1992).
1764:
1720:
1707:
1694:
1685:
1651:
1638:
1627:
1609:
1591:
1579:
1566:
1553:
1542:
1529:
1520:
1495:
1482:
1469:
1456:
1438:
1425:
1412:
1399:
1378:
1365:
1356:
1339:
1333:Sforza, Kevin (4 August 2002).
1327:
1314:
1301:
1287:
1260:
1242:
1229:
1216:
1207:
1182:
1173:
1160:
1147:
1134:
1121:
1108:
1095:
1082:
1069:
1058:
1045:
1032:
1019:
1006:
988:
975:
962:
949:
936:
923:
910:
528:Army nurses leaving Santo Tomas
395:
306:
50:December 1941 – March 1945
24:Angels of Bataan and Corregidor
1657:Lehe, Jane (1 November 1962).
897:
884:
861:
848:
830:
810:
797:
781:
764:
477:Department of Veterans Affairs
175:United States Navy Nurse Corps
171:United States Army Nurse Corps
161:(also known as the "Angels of
1:
1741:
1539:, p. 313, Chap. 15 endnote 57
807:, pp. 103, 193–195 (Appx. G).
770:According to research by Dr.
483:
348:
271:Nurse in Bataan Hospital Ward
264:hospital patients and staff.
302:Malinta Tunnel hospital ward
258:
192:
7:
700:
658:Distinguished Service Medal
372:Santo Tomas Internment Camp
343:Santo Tomas Internment Camp
283:was ordered to Australia).
10:
2205:
1678:Norman, Elizabeth (2013).
1535:Norman, Elizabeth (2013).
1475:Norman, Elizabeth (2013).
1431:Norman, Elizabeth (2013).
1405:Norman, Elizabeth (2013).
1371:Norman, Elizabeth (2013).
1307:Norman, Elizabeth (2013).
1222:Norman, Elizabeth (2013).
1153:Norman, Elizabeth (2013).
1127:Norman, Elizabeth (2013).
1101:Norman, Elizabeth (2013).
1075:Norman, Elizabeth (2013).
1038:Norman, Elizabeth (2013).
1012:Norman, Elizabeth (2013).
968:Norman, Elizabeth (2013).
942:Norman, Elizabeth (2013).
916:Norman, Elizabeth (2013).
890:Norman, Elizabeth (2013).
854:Norman, Elizabeth (2013).
570:Presidential Unit Citation
213:Sternberg General Hospital
199:Sternberg General Hospital
2064:December 8, 2009, at the
2016:New Hampshire Sunday News
1892:"A Tribute to Our Nurses"
368:University of Santo Tomas
317:University of Santo Tomas
135:
130:
108:
104:Battling Belles of Bataan
100:
92:
84:
70:
62:
54:
46:
28:
23:
1829:(1993 Fall). 25(3):171.
1621:19 November 2008 at the
757:
633:Memorial and recognition
464:Final year of internment
2189:1945 in the Philippines
2169:1944 in the Philippines
2164:1943 in the Philippines
2159:1942 in the Philippines
2154:1941 in the Philippines
2144:Battle of Manila (1945)
1945:Angel On Embattled Seas
1702:They Called Them Angels
1700:Jackson, Kathi (2000).
1386:They Called Them Angels
1384:Jackson, Kathi (2000).
678:Historical significance
2039:television documentary
2007:June 23, 2010, at the
1754:public domain material
1157:, pp. 130–134, 150–151
1105:, pp. 104–105, 112–113
654:
470:Imperial Japanese Army
420:
363:
303:
272:
216:
181:and served during the
2023:June 7, 2011, at the
1854:10.1353/bio.2000.0019
1586:"The Bataan Campaign"
778:, pp. 53, 296 note 8.
643:
418:
370:was converted to the
361:
301:
270:
211:
1603:28 June 2009 at the
1275:on November 19, 2008
1003:(February 16, 1942).
707:Dorothy Still Danner
449:They Were Expendable
419:US government poster
253:Battle of Corregidor
159:The Angels of Bataan
125:Philippines Campaign
117:Battle of Corregidor
2096:Fortress in the Sea
1775:Elizabeth M. Norman
719:Wilma Leona Jackson
441:So Proudly We Hail!
2114:, August 15, 1999.
1985:2009-12-20 at the
1842:by Lynn Z. Bloom,
1466:, p. 190(Appx. F).
1450:2008-12-17 at the
1254:2009-06-28 at the
838:"Angels of Bataan"
725:Agnes Newton Keith
668:Nancy Belle Norton
490:Raid at Cabanatuan
458:So Proudly We Hail
421:
366:The campus of the
364:
333:Fall of Corregidor
304:
273:
217:
79:United States Navy
75:United States Army
2134:History of Bataan
1912:on March 3, 2016.
1815:978-0-87013-440-1
1799:978-0-8131-9061-7
1680:We Band of Angels
1646:We Band of Angels
1561:We Band of Angels
1537:We Band of Angels
1515:978-0-9645150-0-0
1477:We Band of Angels
1433:We Band of Angels
1407:We Band of Angels
1373:We Band of Angels
1309:We Band of Angels
1224:We Band of Angels
1202:978-1-57579-037-4
1155:We Band of Angels
1129:We Band of Angels
1103:We Band of Angels
1077:We Band of Angels
1040:We Band of Angels
1014:We Band of Angels
995:"Jungle Hospital"
970:We Band of Angels
944:We Band of Angels
918:We Band of Angels
892:We Band of Angels
856:We Band of Angels
792:We Band of Angels
788:Norman, Elizabeth
776:We Band of Angels
751:Margaret Dryburgh
559:Raid at Los Baños
494:Douglas MacArthur
408:On the home front
234:Ann A. Bernatitus
153:
152:
2196:
2101:Internet Archive
2088:Internet Archive
2037:Angels of Bataan
1930:
1913:
1911:
1896:
1877:
1867:
1803:
1751:
1750:
1735:
1724:
1718:
1711:
1705:
1698:
1692:
1689:
1683:
1676:
1667:
1655:
1649:
1642:
1636:
1631:
1625:
1613:
1607:
1595:
1589:
1583:
1577:
1574:Angels of Bataan
1570:
1564:
1557:
1551:
1546:
1540:
1533:
1527:
1524:
1518:
1499:
1493:
1486:
1480:
1473:
1467:
1460:
1454:
1442:
1436:
1429:
1423:
1416:
1410:
1403:
1397:
1382:
1376:
1369:
1363:
1360:
1354:
1343:
1337:
1331:
1325:
1318:
1312:
1305:
1299:
1298:
1291:
1285:
1284:
1282:
1280:
1271:. Archived from
1264:
1258:
1246:
1240:
1233:
1227:
1220:
1214:
1211:
1205:
1186:
1180:
1177:
1171:
1164:
1158:
1151:
1145:
1138:
1132:
1125:
1119:
1112:
1106:
1099:
1093:
1086:
1080:
1073:
1067:
1062:
1056:
1049:
1043:
1036:
1030:
1023:
1017:
1010:
1004:
992:
986:
979:
973:
966:
960:
953:
947:
940:
934:
927:
921:
914:
908:
901:
895:
888:
882:
881:
865:
859:
852:
846:
845:
834:
828:
814:
808:
801:
795:
785:
779:
772:Elizabeth Norman
768:
745:Margaret Utinsky
672:Medal of Freedom
621:
605:
593:
581:
568:for valor and a
549:
537:
525:
513:
498:Battle of Manila
390:Josephine Nesbit
249:Battle of Bataan
245:Josephine Nesbit
187:prisoners of war
143:Maude C. Davison
113:Battle of Bataan
39:
33:
21:
20:
2204:
2203:
2199:
2198:
2197:
2195:
2194:
2193:
2119:
2118:
2093:The short film
2080:The short film
2066:Wayback Machine
2025:Wayback Machine
2018:, June 13, 1999
2009:Wayback Machine
1987:Wayback Machine
1939:
1937:
1909:
1894:
1890:
1865:
1800:
1767:
1748:
1744:
1739:
1738:
1725:
1721:
1715:And If I Perish
1712:
1708:
1699:
1695:
1690:
1686:
1677:
1670:
1656:
1652:
1643:
1639:
1632:
1628:
1623:Wayback Machine
1614:
1610:
1605:Wayback Machine
1596:
1592:
1584:
1580:
1571:
1567:
1558:
1554:
1547:
1543:
1534:
1530:
1525:
1521:
1500:
1496:
1487:
1483:
1474:
1470:
1461:
1457:
1452:Wayback Machine
1443:
1439:
1435:, pp. 194, 199.
1430:
1426:
1417:
1413:
1404:
1400:
1383:
1379:
1370:
1366:
1361:
1357:
1344:
1340:
1332:
1328:
1319:
1315:
1306:
1302:
1293:
1292:
1288:
1278:
1276:
1267:
1265:
1261:
1256:Wayback Machine
1247:
1243:
1234:
1230:
1221:
1217:
1212:
1208:
1187:
1183:
1178:
1174:
1165:
1161:
1152:
1148:
1139:
1135:
1126:
1122:
1113:
1109:
1100:
1096:
1087:
1083:
1074:
1070:
1063:
1059:
1050:
1046:
1037:
1033:
1024:
1020:
1011:
1007:
993:
989:
980:
976:
967:
963:
954:
950:
941:
937:
928:
924:
915:
911:
902:
898:
889:
885:
866:
862:
853:
849:
836:
835:
831:
815:
811:
802:
798:
786:
782:
769:
765:
760:
731:Day Joyce Sheet
703:
680:
653:
646:
635:
628:
622:
613:
606:
597:
594:
585:
582:
553:
550:
541:
538:
529:
526:
517:
514:
486:
466:
425:Juanita Redmond
410:
398:
356:
351:
335:
309:
289:
261:
215:, Manila, 1940.
195:
156:
145:(US Army), Lt.
137:
123:
119:
115:
42:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2202:
2192:
2191:
2186:
2181:
2176:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2117:
2116:
2104:
2091:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2032:
2027:
2011:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1952:
1936:
1935:External links
1933:
1932:
1931:
1914:
1888:
1878:
1858:
1856:
1837:
1817:
1804:
1798:
1785:
1766:
1763:
1762:
1761:
1743:
1740:
1737:
1736:
1719:
1706:
1693:
1684:
1668:
1650:
1637:
1626:
1608:
1590:
1578:
1565:
1552:
1541:
1528:
1519:
1494:
1481:
1468:
1455:
1437:
1424:
1411:
1398:
1377:
1364:
1355:
1338:
1326:
1313:
1300:
1286:
1259:
1241:
1239:, pp. 103, 107
1228:
1215:
1206:
1181:
1172:
1159:
1146:
1133:
1120:
1107:
1094:
1081:
1068:
1057:
1044:
1031:
1018:
1005:
987:
974:
961:
948:
935:
922:
909:
896:
883:
860:
847:
829:
809:
796:
780:
762:
761:
759:
756:
755:
754:
748:
742:
734:
728:
722:
716:
713:Goldia O'Haver
710:
702:
699:
698:
697:
694:
690:
687:
684:
679:
676:
651:
644:
634:
631:
630:
629:
623:
616:
614:
610:Rosemary Hogan
607:
600:
598:
595:
588:
586:
583:
576:
555:
554:
551:
544:
542:
539:
532:
530:
527:
520:
518:
515:
508:
485:
482:
465:
462:
454:
453:
445:
437:
409:
406:
397:
394:
355:
354:At Santo Tomas
352:
350:
347:
339:Masaharu Homma
334:
331:
321:Ann Bernatitus
308:
305:
293:Malinta Tunnel
288:
285:
260:
257:
194:
191:
154:
151:
150:
139:
133:
132:
128:
127:
110:
106:
105:
102:
98:
97:
94:
90:
89:
86:
82:
81:
72:
68:
67:
64:
60:
59:
56:
52:
51:
48:
44:
43:
40:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2201:
2190:
2187:
2185:
2182:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2152:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2126:
2124:
2115:
2113:
2109:
2105:
2102:
2098:
2097:
2092:
2089:
2085:
2084:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2063:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2038:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2012:
2010:
2006:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1984:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1950:
1946:
1942:
1941:
1940:
1928:
1924:
1920:
1915:
1908:
1904:
1900:
1893:
1889:
1886:
1882:
1879:
1875:
1871:
1870:Navy Medicine
1864:
1859:
1857:
1855:
1851:
1847:
1846:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1832:
1828:
1824:
1823:
1818:
1816:
1812:
1808:
1805:
1801:
1795:
1791:
1786:
1784:
1783:9780671787189
1780:
1776:
1772:
1769:
1768:
1759:
1755:
1746:
1745:
1733:
1729:
1728:All This Hell
1723:
1716:
1710:
1703:
1697:
1688:
1681:
1675:
1673:
1665:
1664:
1663:The Star-News
1660:
1654:
1647:
1641:
1635:
1630:
1624:
1620:
1617:
1612:
1606:
1602:
1599:
1594:
1587:
1582:
1575:
1569:
1562:
1556:
1550:
1545:
1538:
1532:
1523:
1516:
1512:
1508:
1504:
1498:
1491:
1490:All This Hell
1485:
1479:, pp. 201–204
1478:
1472:
1465:
1464:All This Hell
1459:
1453:
1449:
1446:
1441:
1434:
1428:
1421:
1420:All This Hell
1415:
1408:
1402:
1395:
1394:0-8032-7627-3
1391:
1387:
1381:
1374:
1368:
1359:
1352:
1348:
1342:
1336:
1330:
1323:
1322:All This Hell
1317:
1310:
1304:
1296:
1290:
1274:
1270:
1263:
1257:
1253:
1250:
1245:
1238:
1237:All This Hell
1232:
1226:, pp. 151–155
1225:
1219:
1210:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1185:
1176:
1170:, pp. 91, 99.
1169:
1168:All This Hell
1163:
1156:
1150:
1143:
1142:All This Hell
1137:
1131:, pp. 108–109
1130:
1124:
1117:
1116:All This Hell
1111:
1104:
1098:
1091:
1090:All This Hell
1085:
1078:
1072:
1066:
1061:
1054:
1053:All This Hell
1048:
1041:
1035:
1028:
1027:All This Hell
1022:
1015:
1009:
1002:
1001:
996:
991:
985:, pp. 30, 40.
984:
983:All This Hell
978:
971:
965:
958:
957:All This Hell
952:
945:
939:
932:
931:All This Hell
926:
919:
913:
906:
905:All This Hell
900:
893:
887:
879:
875:
871:
864:
857:
851:
843:
839:
833:
827:
826:1-4000-3129-X
823:
819:
813:
806:
805:All This Hell
800:
793:
789:
784:
777:
773:
767:
763:
752:
749:
746:
743:
740:
739:
738:Paradise Road
735:
732:
729:
726:
723:
720:
717:
714:
711:
708:
705:
704:
695:
691:
688:
685:
682:
681:
675:
673:
669:
665:
663:
662:Laura M. Cobb
659:
650:
645:To the Angels
642:
640:
627:
620:
615:
611:
604:
599:
592:
587:
580:
575:
574:
573:
571:
567:
562:
560:
548:
543:
536:
531:
524:
519:
512:
507:
506:
505:
503:
499:
495:
491:
481:
478:
473:
471:
461:
459:
451:
450:
446:
443:
442:
438:
435:
434:
430:
429:
428:
426:
417:
413:
405:
403:
393:
391:
385:
383:
379:
378:
373:
369:
360:
346:
344:
340:
330:
328:
327:
322:
318:
314:
300:
296:
294:
287:On Corregidor
284:
282:
278:
269:
265:
256:
254:
250:
246:
242:
241:Maude Davison
237:
235:
231:
230:Laura M. Cobb
226:
224:
223:
214:
210:
206:
204:
200:
190:
188:
184:
180:
176:
172:
168:
164:
160:
155:Military unit
148:
147:Laura M. Cobb
144:
140:
134:
129:
126:
122:
118:
114:
111:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
87:
83:
80:
76:
73:
69:
66:United States
65:
61:
58:United States
57:
53:
49:
45:
38:
32:
27:
22:
19:
2111:
2107:
2095:
2082:
2036:
2035:Trailer for
2015:
1948:
1944:
1938:
1918:
1907:the original
1902:
1898:
1873:
1869:
1843:
1839:
1826:
1820:
1806:
1789:
1770:
1765:Bibliography
1727:
1722:
1714:
1709:
1701:
1696:
1687:
1679:
1661:
1653:
1645:
1640:
1629:
1611:
1593:
1581:
1573:
1568:
1560:
1555:
1544:
1536:
1531:
1522:
1497:
1489:
1484:
1476:
1471:
1463:
1458:
1440:
1432:
1427:
1419:
1414:
1406:
1401:
1385:
1380:
1372:
1367:
1358:
1350:
1341:
1329:
1321:
1316:
1308:
1303:
1294:
1289:
1279:December 27,
1277:. Retrieved
1273:the original
1262:
1244:
1236:
1231:
1223:
1218:
1209:
1184:
1175:
1167:
1162:
1154:
1149:
1141:
1136:
1128:
1123:
1115:
1110:
1102:
1097:
1089:
1084:
1076:
1071:
1060:
1055:, pp. 59–60.
1052:
1047:
1039:
1034:
1029:, pp. 42–43.
1026:
1021:
1013:
1008:
998:
990:
982:
977:
972:, pp. 32, 39
969:
964:
956:
951:
943:
938:
930:
925:
917:
912:
904:
899:
891:
886:
869:
863:
855:
850:
841:
832:
817:
812:
804:
799:
791:
783:
775:
766:
736:
666:
655:
647:
636:
563:
556:
487:
474:
467:
457:
455:
447:
439:
431:
422:
411:
399:
396:At Los Baños
386:
376:
365:
336:
325:
313:PBY Catalina
310:
307:A few escape
290:
274:
262:
243:and 2nd Lt.
238:
227:
221:
218:
196:
158:
157:
121:World War II
34:
18:
1876:(3): 36–40.
1042:, pp. 84-89
946:, pp. 23–24
920:, pp. 27–29
842:www.dla.mil
639:Mount Samat
566:Bronze Star
502:1st Cavalry
433:Cry 'Havoc'
179:Pacific War
109:Engagements
101:Nickname(s)
88:Nurse corps
2123:Categories
1742:References
1507:0964515008
1194:1575790378
794:, Appx. II
492:, General
484:Liberation
452:(MGM 1945)
436:(MGM 1943)
349:Internment
277:Wainwright
167:Corregidor
138:commanders
131:Commanders
63:Allegiance
2108:Booknotes
1845:Biography
1717:, p. 458.
1648:, p. 239.
1492:, p. 156.
1422:, p. 125.
1388:. p. 3. (
1375:, p. 125.
1353:, #01-38.
1324:, p. 116.
674:in 1945.
382:Ken Burns
326:Spearfish
281:MacArthur
259:On Bataan
193:In Manila
149:(US Navy)
96:78 nurses
2062:Archived
2021:Archived
2005:Archived
1983:Archived
1927:97022644
1899:The Quan
1682:, p. xii
1619:Archived
1601:Archived
1448:Archived
1409:, p. 183
1311:, p. 173
1252:Archived
1144:, p. 85.
1118:, p. 81.
1092:, p. 67.
933:, p. 60.
907:, p. 31.
878:97022644
858:, p. 24.
790:(2013).
701:See also
626:Presidio
251:and the
173:and the
1887:, 1952)
1835:8340120
1704:, p. 3.
1079:, p. 96
1016:, p. 52
959:, p. 40
894:, p. 25
693:action.
377:The War
136:Notable
55:Country
1949:Mactan
1925:
1833:
1813:
1796:
1781:
1513:
1505:
1392:
1200:
1192:
876:
824:
222:Mactan
163:Bataan
141:Capt.
71:Branch
47:Active
1910:(PDF)
1895:(PDF)
1866:(PDF)
758:Notes
456:When
1923:LCCN
1831:PMID
1811:ISBN
1794:ISBN
1779:ISBN
1511:ISBN
1503:ISBN
1390:ISBN
1281:2008
1198:ISBN
1190:ISBN
1000:Time
874:LCCN
822:ISBN
608:Lt.
423:Lt.
402:Cobb
165:and
93:Size
85:Type
1850:doi
1773:by
380:by
2125::
1903:58
1901:.
1897:.
1874:83
1872:.
1868:.
1671:^
1509:,
1349:.
1196:,
997:.
840:.
664:.
561:.
504:.
475:A
392:.
345:.
329:.
295:.
255:.
77:,
2103:.
2090:.
1929:.
1883:(
1852::
1802:.
1760:.
1734:.
1517:)
1396:)
1297:.
1283:.
1204:)
880:.
844:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
