318:
28:
230:
84:
368:(the president's executive office building) put anti-peronists and the military on high alert when, in fact, Perón's proxies won 10 of 14 governorships at stake - including Framini's victory in the all-important Province of Buenos Aires. President Frondizi was forced to annul Framini's March 18 victory, and despite quickly obeying military demands, on March 28 the president was overthrown.
341:(home to 38% of Argentines) and for vice-governor: Perón, himself. The leader believed this symbolic spot on the ticket (which, unable to return, he could never fill) would prove a powerful endorsement to Framini; but the move backfired. Frondizi's government declared Perón's candidacy null and void, and even
305:
The textile workers' leader helped organize the
Commission of 20, in October 1960, with the goal of persuading Frondizi to rid the CGT of its puppet leadership. A successful, November 7, 1960, general strike resulted in the president's agreeing to talks, and on March 3, 1961, the CGT was entrusted to
257:
Framini responded by calling a three-day general strike for
November 15; Aramburu had over 9,000 CGT figures (including Framini and Natalini) jailed, however, thus foiling the strike. The failed strike was followed by a prison sentence for Framini, at which he was stripped of official CGT leadership.
245:
The two CGT leaders arrived at an agreement with Labor
Minister Luis Cerruti Costa (himself an erstwhile Peronist) within a day of taking over. They greed to union elections within 120 days and the formal abandonment of peronism, in return for assurances against government (or military) intervention.
155:
a powerful political opportunity, which he seized by aggressively lobbying employers for a redress of these grievances, which had hitherto been quite difficult for most working-class
Argentines to do. The Vice President's receptiveness to reform and his assurances of change earned Framini's support.
265:
The AOT received a military-appointed leader, though in 1957 the regime allowed new labor union elections resulting in the victory of
Framini's deputy at the textile union, Juan Carlos Loholaberry. The regime's appointees at the CGT sabotaged an August 1957 congress by walking out (depriving the
289:, as Economy Minister at the end of 1958, throwing Framini and labor, in general, against the new administration. The president retaliated by having Framini arrested numerous times in 1959 - a year marked by recession and labor conflicts. The labor leader's case was brought before the
429:, appointed a Labor Minister, Rubens San Sebastián, whose self-professed strategy vis-à-vis the CGT was that of "divide and conquer;" San Sebastián's support for Vandor eventually helped lead the AOT to replace Framini for his deputy, Juan Carlos Laholaberry, in 1968.
454:
Following the
Peronists' return to power in 1973, Framini was unable to return to political prominence. The early morning hours of March 24, 1976, found him and Mrs. Framini away from home – a coincidence that saved their lives when the newly installed
459:
raided their home with the intention of eliminating the retired labor leader. The
Framinis were forced to sell the home and relocate to a tiny apartment, where they remained due to economic duress following the end of the dictatorship in 1983.
380:
to demand he be sworn in as governor; the demonstration was violently repressed, however. These bitter experience helped divide the CGT once again, moreover, and two camps eventually developed in the trade union. The leader of the
412:
leader
Lorenzo Pepe, and the sanitation workers' leader Amado Olmos. As head of the UOM (the CGT's largest union), however, Vandor was able to eject Alonso as CGT head. Vandor's faction of the CGT benefited as well from the
404:. Perón's frustrated December 1964 return to Argentina only exacerbated tensions between the two factions and, in February 1966, the CGT was divided. Framini counted on strong supporters, such as CGT Secretary General
183:
plan, Framini displaced the AOT's more militant, left-wing leadership, becoming the powerful union's
Secretary General. In that capacity, he was among those present at the June 16, 1955, rally at the
463:
Framini received numerous recognitions in later years. His 1962 electoral victory was honored with the bestowment of the title of "Former
Governor-elect of the Province of Buenos Aires" by Governor
222:, held talks with the CGT that sought to allow the continued existence of the 2.5 million-member labor union (the largest in Latin America, at the time), while coercing the CGT to abandon
160:'s October 13, 1945, arrest of the increasingly popular Perón, Framini participated actively in the October 17 mobilizations that freed the populist leader and forced the regime to call
656:
479:
Peronist platform (on which he was elected in 1989) and offered his support to a small left-wing party in 2000. He attended a May 9, 2001, tribute to the populist former first lady,
443:, exposed the kidnapping as a hoax, however, and Framini kept a low profile for some time. The incident inspired Víctor Proncet's script for director Raymundo Gleyzer's 1973 drama
437:
Framini's own exit from the AOT was far from ceremonious: as the rank-and-file voted, they learned that he had been apparently kidnapped. The prominent Buenos Aires daily,
329:, had been banned from political life since 1955; but Framini and other Peronists ran on proxy political parties organized after Perón's overthrow, notably
497:(1999) was shown as part of the tribute, and when the projection came to an end, Andrés Framini was found dead in his seat; he was 86. He was buried in
400:
The two leaders' differences were superficial, initially, and the two formed part of the Peronist Tactical Command, the movement's secret political
262:
against Aramburu - a fiasco which resulted in Valle's execution, as well as of 26 others'. Framini himself escaped this fate by going into hiding.
592:
526:
306:
the Commission of 20 (ending nearly 6 years of government receivership). These accomplishments encouraged Peronists to field candidates for
651:
172:
246:
Cerruti Costa's insistence on continuing to replace CGT leaders led to Framini's October 26 ultimatum against him, with the threat of a
393:
in June 1962 resulting in a marked leftward shift in the CGT's platform, a position encouraged by the re-appointment of the anti-labor
666:
548:
226:. The CGT's directors resigned on October 5, leaving the leadership to Framini and to Light and Power Union leader Luis Natalini.
493:
422:
311:
250:. This was averted at the last minute; but on November 13, General Lonardi was replaced with the more anti-Peronist Gen.
290:
258:
He then formed an "Authentic CGT" and was among the civilian organizers of a failed, June 9, 1956, coup led by Gen,
382:
274:
161:
456:
405:
168:
468:
646:
484:
349:
409:
198:
jets flew overhead, dropping their ordnance and killing over 350 before flying to safety in neighboring
151:
section of the city. Poor pay and working conditions provided Labor Minister and then Vice President
360:, and joined on the ticket by Marcos Anglada, Framini's unofficial slogan was unequivocal, however:
203:
661:
338:
471:
recognized him for his historical role as a Notable Argentine, in 1997. Framini opposed President
438:
317:
414:
27:
357:
285:. The military, however, forced Frondizi to appoint an ultra-conservative military contractor,
148:
426:
498:
330:
641:
636:
229:
8:
542:
192:
286:
326:
307:
99:
613:
259:
389:, favored distancing the CGT from Perón; while Framini did not. A plenary held near
394:
353:
342:
270:), and Framini responded by calling two general strikes, in September and October.
157:
144:
334:
552:
464:
282:
234:
219:
488:
421:(overthrown for allowing Peronists to take their seats in Congress following a
386:
251:
247:
195:
630:
188:
184:
114:(August 2, 1914 – May 9, 2001) was an Argentine labor leader and politician.
152:
472:
418:
176:
147:, eventually working for the important Piccaluga facility in the southside
140:
71:
480:
365:
345:(a supporter of Perón's until his overthrow) spoke out against the move.
294:
179:. Following a series of failed strikes in 1953 against President Perón's
528:
Sindicato Mercosul: Falleció Framini, el gobernador que no llegó a serlo
401:
376:
Framini led a gathering on the steps of the Provincial Legislature in
180:
89:
476:
390:
377:
223:
215:
128:
199:
132:
55:
237:
chairs talks with CGT leaders Luis Natalini and Andrés Framini (
171:(AOT) was formed ten days later as an affiliate of the umbrella
451:) – a banned film which, to date, has not been shown publicly.
267:
293:(ILO), which prevailed on President Frondizi to allow Framini
187:
in support of the president following his excommunication by
278:
136:
657:
Members of the General Confederation of Labour (Argentina)
337:. The Popular Union nominated Framini for governor of the
209:
297:. He was returned as head of the AOT, later that year.
277:
by echoing the exiled Juan Perón's endorsement of the
321:Framini votes in the 1962 gubernatorial elections.
628:
164:for early in 1946; Perón was elected handily.
127:Andrés Framini was born in the working-class
135:, in 1914. He entered the labor force as a
588:
586:
584:
582:
522:
520:
518:
516:
514:
300:
609:
607:
605:
603:
371:
325:Peronism and its political vehicle, the
316:
228:
579:
511:
362:"Framini-Anglada, Perón to the Rosada!"
210:Resistance and the CGT's reorganization
629:
568:
566:
564:
562:
560:
167:Encouraged by these developments, the
600:
425:victory). Illia's replacement, Gen.
310:and the governorships, ahead of the
652:Argentine people of Italian descent
557:
543:Luis Galcerán: El tercer peronismo
13:
175:, and Framini was elected factory
14:
678:
291:International Labour Organization
191:, a day earlier. As Perón spoke,
667:Burials at La Chacarita Cemetery
82:
26:
122:
593:Camara de Diputados: Homenaje
536:
1:
504:
494:Perón: A Symphony of Feelings
469:Argentine Chamber of Deputies
432:
348:Receiving the endorsement of
312:March 1962 mid-term elections
169:Textile Workers' Association
117:
7:
397:and a new, deep recession.
364:The clear reference to the
10:
683:
551:November 19, 2009, at the
415:June 28, 1966, coup d'état
383:Steel and Metalworks Union
204:overthrown on September 19
485:Argentine Workers' Center
105:
95:
77:
61:
42:
37:
25:
18:
339:Province of Buenos Aires
233:October 1955: President
275:February 1958 elections
273:Framini geared for the
202:; Perón was ultimately
32:Andrés Framini in 1955.
475:'s abandonment of his
358:Alicia Moreau de Justo
322:
301:Candidate for governor
242:
576:. Random House, 1983.
499:La Chacarita Cemetery
487:headquarters. There,
457:military dictatorship
372:Framini versus Vandor
331:Juan Atilio Bramuglia
320:
232:
145:textile manufacturers
218:new president, Gen.
214:The moderately anti-
156:Following President
647:People from Berisso
427:Juan Carlos Onganía
193:Argentine Air Force
574:Perón: A Biography
417:against President
327:Justicialist Party
323:
243:
100:Justicialist Party
343:Cardinal Caggiano
109:
108:
674:
621:
619:
611:
598:
596:
590:
577:
570:
555:
546:
540:
534:
532:
524:
395:Alvaro Alsogaray
354:Alfredo Palacios
287:Álvaro Alsogaray
158:Edelmiro Farrell
88:
86:
85:
68:
52:
50:
38:Personal details
30:
16:
15:
682:
681:
677:
676:
675:
673:
672:
671:
662:Textile workers
627:
626:
625:
624:
617:
612:
601:
594:
591:
580:
571:
558:
553:Wayback Machine
544:
541:
537:
530:
525:
512:
507:
465:Eduardo Duhalde
435:
374:
350:Socialist Party
303:
283:Arturo Frondizi
260:Juan José Valle
235:Eduardo Lonardi
220:Eduardo Lonardi
212:
125:
120:
96:Political party
83:
81:
70:
66:
54:
48:
46:
33:
21:
12:
11:
5:
680:
670:
669:
664:
659:
654:
649:
644:
639:
623:
622:
599:
578:
572:Page, Joseph.
556:
535:
509:
508:
506:
503:
489:Leonardo Favio
434:
431:
387:Augusto Vandor
373:
370:
302:
299:
252:Pedro Aramburu
248:general strike
211:
208:
196:Gloster Meteor
124:
121:
119:
116:
112:Andrés Framini
107:
106:
103:
102:
97:
93:
92:
79:
75:
74:
69:(aged 86)
63:
59:
58:
53:August 2, 1914
44:
40:
39:
35:
34:
31:
23:
22:
20:Andrés Framini
19:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
679:
668:
665:
663:
660:
658:
655:
653:
650:
648:
645:
643:
640:
638:
635:
634:
632:
620:
616:
610:
608:
606:
604:
597:
589:
587:
585:
583:
575:
569:
567:
565:
563:
561:
554:
550:
547:
539:
533:
529:
523:
521:
519:
517:
515:
510:
502:
500:
496:
495:
490:
486:
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
461:
458:
452:
450:
446:
445:Los traidores
442:
441:
430:
428:
424:
423:1965 election
420:
416:
411:
410:rail workers'
407:
403:
398:
396:
392:
388:
384:
379:
369:
367:
363:
359:
355:
351:
346:
344:
340:
336:
335:Popular Union
332:
328:
319:
315:
313:
309:
298:
296:
292:
288:
284:
280:
276:
271:
269:
263:
261:
255:
253:
249:
240:
236:
231:
227:
225:
221:
217:
207:
205:
201:
197:
194:
190:
189:Pope Pius XII
186:
185:Plaza de Mayo
182:
178:
174:
170:
165:
163:
159:
154:
150:
146:
142:
138:
134:
130:
115:
113:
104:
101:
98:
94:
91:
80:
76:
73:
64:
60:
57:
45:
41:
36:
29:
24:
17:
618:(in Spanish)
614:
595:(in Spanish)
573:
545:(in Spanish)
538:
531:(in Spanish)
527:
492:
473:Carlos Menem
462:
453:
449:The Traitors
448:
444:
439:
436:
419:Arturo Illia
399:
375:
361:
347:
324:
304:
272:
266:congress of
264:
256:
244:
238:
213:
177:shop steward
166:
141:Buenos Aires
126:
123:Early career
111:
110:
72:Buenos Aires
67:(2001-05-09)
642:2001 deaths
637:1914 births
406:José Alonso
366:Casa Rosada
295:due process
281:candidate,
78:Nationality
65:May 9, 2001
631:Categories
505:References
433:Later life
402:think tank
153:Juan Perón
139:in one of
131:suburb of
49:1914-08-02
483:, at the
481:Eva Perón
181:austerity
162:elections
118:Biography
90:Argentina
549:Archived
477:populist
467:and the
391:La Falda
378:La Plata
352:leaders
308:Congress
224:Peronism
216:Peronist
149:Barracas
129:La Plata
440:Crónica
385:(UOM),
200:Uruguay
143:' many
133:Berisso
56:Berisso
615:Clarín
268:quorum
87:
239:right
356:and
314:.
279:UCRI
137:peon
62:Died
43:Born
491:'s
333:'s
173:CGT
633::
602:^
581:^
559:^
513:^
501:.
408:,
254:.
241:).
206:.
447:(
51:)
47:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
.jpg)
