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a focus on the main subjects great words and deeds, a focus on the death of the subject and the subsequent consequences, b) externally; promotion of a particular hero (where non-biographical writings focus on the events surrounding the characters rather than the character himself), the domination of the use of verbs by the subject (in John, 55% of verbs are taken up by Jesus' deeds), the prominence of the final portion of the subject's life (one third of John's Gospel is taken up by the last week of Jesus' life, comparable to 26% of
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The consensus of modern scholars is that the Gospel of John was written in the genre of Greco-Roman biography. John contains many characteristics of those writings belonging to the genre of Greco-Roman biography, a) internally; including establishing the origins and ancestry of the author (John 1:1),
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272:
Lincoln, Andrew (2007), ""We Know That His
Testimony Is True": Johannine Truth Claims and Historicity", in Anderson, Paul N.; Just, Felix; Thatcher, Tom (eds.),
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Kostenberger, Andreas (2012), "The Genre of the Fourth Gospel and Greco-Roman
Literary Conventions", in Porter, Stanley E.; Andrew W. Pitts (eds.),
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interested in describing the goals, achievements, failures, and character of ancient historical persons and whether or not they should be imitated.
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school and reference biographies that offered a short sketch of someone including their ancestry, major events and accomplishments, and death;
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imitated many of the same sources and techniques of the contemporary historiographies of ancient Greece, notably including the works of
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historical/political biography focusing on the lives of those active in the military, among other categories.
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Christian
Origins and Greco-Roman Culture: Social and Literary Contexts for the New Testament
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Portraits: biographical representation in the Greek and Latin literature of the Roman Empire
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philosophical biographies that brought out the moral character of their subject (such as
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Dunn, James D.G. (2005), "The
Tradition", in Dunn, James D.G.; McKnight, Scot (eds.),
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135:'s Agesilaus), the reference to the main subject in the beginning of the text, etc.
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autobiographies, commentaries and memoirs where the subject presents his own life;
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literary biographies which discussed the lives of orators and poets (such as
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Lincoln, Andrew (2004), "Reading John", in Porter, Stanley E. (ed.),
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74:. There were various forms of ancient biographies, including:
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119:The consensus among modern scholars is that the
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298:Brian McGing; Judith Mossman, eds. (2006),
314:Francis Cairns; Trevor Luke, eds. (2018),
316:Ancient Biography: Identity through Lives
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229:The Historical Jesus in Recent Research
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123:are a subset of this ancient genre.
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300:The Limits of Ancient Biography
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281:Marincola, John, ed. (2010),
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85:Lives of Eminent Philosophers
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218:Burridge, Richard (2004),
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38:Greek and Roman literature
28:, as distinct from modern
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274:John, Jesus, and History
337:Culture of ancient Rome
285:, John Wiley & Sons
131:'s Agricola and 37% of
52:, such as the works of
306:Edward Swain (1997),
220:What are the Gospels?
98:Lives of the Sophists
249:, vol. 1, Brill
192:, pp. 213–233.
48:Authors of ancient
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80:Diogenes Laertius
20:Ancient biography
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326:Categories
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68:Herodotus
44:Subgenres
30:biography
133:Xenophon
58:Plutarch
32:, was a
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129:Tacitus
121:gospels
115:Gospels
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34:genre
22:, or
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