Amenhotep II - Knowledge

1263:, saying that the princes of Mitanni came to seek peace with Amenhotep, and this cannot be so easily explained away. The rising power of the Hittites eventually persuaded Mitanni to seek an ally, and there was definitely a treaty of some sort between Egypt and Mitanni by the time of Amenhotep's successor, but it may be that it was enacted after Amenhotep's campaigns, to try to prevent any more campaigns of mass deportations. Whenever formal peace was enacted, an informal peace was maintained between Amenhotep and the king of Mitanni. The new peace ties between the two benefitted both nations. For Mitanni, relaxing military conflict with Egypt to its south allowed it to focus more on the rising powers of the Hittites and the Assyrians to its north. For Egypt, it was able to begin extracting significant amounts of resources from Syria and Palestine and it was also now able to access Mediterranean trade routes with the Aegean. Thereafter, Amenhotep concentrated on domestic matters, with one possible exception. A shrine of Amenhotep's Nubian viceroy shows Amenhotep receiving tribute after a Nubian campaign, but it is not possible to date when this happened. 1084:

to the throne. Amenhotep's short 2 year coregency with his father would then move his accession two years and four months earlier, dating his accession to either 1427 BC in the low chronology, or in 1452 BC in the high chronology. The minimum length of his reign is indicated by a wine jar inscribed with the king's prenomen found in Amenhotep II's funerary temple at Thebes; it is dated to this king's highest known date—his Year 26—and lists the name of the pharaoh's vintner, Panehsy. Mortuary temples were generally not stocked until the king died or was near death; therefore, Amenhotep may not have lived much later beyond his 26th year. There are alternate theories which attempt to assign him a reign of up to 35 years, which is the absolute maximum length he could have reigned. In this chronology, he reigned from 1454 to 1419. There are certain problems facing these theories which cannot be resolved. In particular, this would mean Amenhotep died when he was 52, but an X-ray analysis of his mummy has shown him to have been about 40 when he died. Accordingly, Amenhotep II is usually given a reign of 26 years and said to have reigned from 1427 to 1401 BC.

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a charioteer...you (are) master of a wife from Babylon and a maidservant from Byblos, a young girl from Alalakh and an old woman from Arapkha. Now, these people from Tekshi (Syria) are worthless--what are they good for? Another message for the viceroy: Do not trust the Nubians, but beware of their people and their witchcraft. Take this servant of a commoner, for example, whom you made an official although he is not an official whom you should have suggested to His Majesty; or did you want to allude to the proverb: 'If you lack a gold battle-axe inlaid with bronze, a heavy club of acacia wood will do'? So, do not listen to their words and do not heed their messages!"

1239:. His stele of victory carved after this campaign records no major battles, which has been read a number of ways. It may be that this campaign was more similar to one of the tours of Syria which his father had fought, and he only engaged minor garrisons in battle and forced cities to swear allegiance to him–oaths immediately broken after his departure. Alternatively, it appears that the two weeks when Amenhotep would have been closest to Mitanni are omitted from the stele, thus it is possible that his army was defeated on this campaign. Amenhotep's last campaign took place in his ninth year, however it apparently did not proceed farther north than the 1505:"abundantly interspersed with white." The arms are crossed low over the chest, with the right hand tightly clenched and the left less so. Unusually, the skin all over the body is covered with small tubercles though Smith could not say if they were the result of the embalming process or disease. Resin on the body preserved the impressions of jewellery; several rows of a beaded collar were present on the upper back, and a diamond-shaped geometric pattern seen on the back of the hips. Smith estimated he was forty to fifty at death based on his worn teeth and greying hair. His cause of death is unknown. His mummy has the inventory number CG 61069. 1224:, as an example of the consequence of rising against Pharaoh and to demoralise any Nubian opponents of Egyptian authority there. Amenhotep called this campaign his first in a Stele from Amada, however he also called his second campaign his first, causing some confusion. The most common solution for this, although not universally accepted, is that this was the first campaign he fought alone before the death of his father and thus before he was the sole king of Egypt, and he counted his second campaign as his first because it was the first that was his and his alone. 1017: 1052:

Amenhotep in Theban tomb 64, and assuming this Amenhotep is indeed the king's son from B.M. 10056, Amenemhat would also be Amenhotep II's son. Additionally, a prince Aakheperure is mentioned in a Konosso graffito alongside a prince Amenhotep, and if one again assumes that this Amenhotep was the same person as the one in B.M. 10056, Aakheperure would also have been Amenhotep II's son. However, in both these cases the figure identified as Amenhotep has been identified by some as possible references to the later King

1425: 1243:. According to the list of plunder from this campaign, Amenhotep claims to have taken 101,128 slaves. These numbers however are difficult to substantiate, leading some to question the accuracy of Amenhotep's court scribes. Others have suggested that such exaggerated figures may instead be simply due to compounded accounting mistakes. Examples include a possible recount of the 15,070 prisoners taken in his year 7 campaign in Nukhash being combined with the figures from his year 9 campaign. 1318:. In Nubia, Amenhotep built at Qasr Ibrim and Semna, and ordered the decoration of the Temple at Kalabsha. However, his most famous Nubian temple was at Amada. Thutmose III had begun constructing a temple which, technically, was dedicated to Horus there, although the presence of Re-Harakhti and Amun-Re is easily observed. Amenhotep completed it and put in it the record of his year 3 campaign on a stele, which was until 1942 the source of most information about Amenhotep's wars. 1072: 1088:

reign. This evidence alone shows that even a well known pharaoh who ruled Egypt for at least 25–26 years such as Amenhotep II had a long 14 year time gap in attested years between his 9th and 23rd regnal years. The only date that can indirectly be fitted into this large time gap to Amenhotep II is a Year 18 or possible Year 19 date based on Papyrus Leningrad (St. Petersburg) 1116A that lists grain allotments for a coming

754: 693: 609: 558: 200: 1040:. As many as ten sons and one daughter have been attributed to him. Amenhotep's most important son was Thutmose IV, who succeeded him; however, there is significant evidence for his having many more children. Princes Amenhotep, Webensenu, Amenemopet, and Nedjem are all clearly attested, and Amenemhat, Khaemwaset, and Aakheperure as well as a daughter, Iaret, are also possible children. 34: 1156:

since Amenhotep II has a Year 26 inferred from a wine amphora, this pharaoh only had to rule for another 5 years or 8 years after his Year 26 to have a reign of 31 or 34 years which is quite possible since he ruled unattested in the historical records for 14 years between his 9th and 23rd regnal years.

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Copy of the order which His Majesty wrote himself, with his own hand, to the viceroy Usersatet. His Majesty was in the Residence...he spent a holiday sitting and drinking. Look, this order of the king is brought to you...who are in faraway Nubia, a hero who brought booty from all foreign countries,

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Finally, modern X-ray evidence which suggests that Amenhotep II was 40 at death may not account for a person's precise age at death 3,000+ years ago. Amenhotep II's Great Sphinx Stela reveals that he was 18 years old when he became king. If one accepts that Amenhotep II had a short 2 year co-regency

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Amenhotep's coronation can be dated without much difficulty because of a number of lunar dates in the reign of his father, Thutmose III. These sightings limit the date of Thutmose's accession to either 1504 or 1479 BC. Thutmose died after 54 years of reign, at which time Amenhotep would have acceded

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references recorded on the pillars of various Karnak monuments of Amenophis I, Tuthmosis III, Amenophis II and Tuthmosis IV are nothing but “pillar benedictions” being simply copies of those found on the pillars of the small bark temple of Sesostris I, and thus have no chronological worth. However,

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a reign of 30 years and 10 months. Therefore, it is eminently possible that Amenhotep II could have reigned for 5 years more after his Year 26 date given that Amenhotep II ruled unattested for more than a decade between his 9th and 23rd regnal years. Significantly, as the British Egyptologist David

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Amenhotep acceded to the throne on the first day of the fourth month of Akhet, but his father died on the thirtieth day of the third month of Peret. If an Egyptian crown prince was proclaimed king but did not take the throne on the day after his father's death, it meant that he served as the junior

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the high priest over Lower Egypt. Amenhotep has left several inscriptions touting his athletic skills while he was a leader of the army before his crowning. Amenhotep was no less athletic than his powerful father. He claims to have been able to shoot an arrow through a copper target one palm thick,

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The destruction of Hatshepsut's images began during the co-regency of Amenhotep when his father was very old, but stopped during his reign. However, the king may have harboured his father's concern that another woman would sit on the throne. Despite his efforts however it is possible that a female

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There are other references to king's sons from this period who may or may not be sons of Amenhotep II. Two graffiti from Sahel mention a king's son and stable master named Khaemwaset, but specifically which king is his father is unknown. A figure with the name Amenemhet is recorded behind a prince

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from Amenhotep II's temple at Giza, however the stele's name has been defaced so that positive identification is impossible. Stele B may belong to another son, Webensenu. Webensenu's name is otherwise attested on a statue of Amenhotep's chief architect, Minmose, and his canopic jars and a funerary

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However, it should be stressed that there are substantial gaps in clearly attested Year dates known for Amenhotep II's reign. The monumental evidence only "gives clear proof for Year 3, 4, 6, 7, 9 and 23 , hence it is not far-fetched to assume that the Year 26 amphora" does refer to this king's

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examined Amenhotep's mummy in 1907. During this examination the linen still adhering to the face was removed for an unobstructed view. He found the body to be 1.67 metres (5.5 ft) tall and noted a strong facial resemblance to his son, Thutmose IV. The wavy brown hair present on his head is

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After the campaign in Amenhotep's ninth year, Mitanni sought to make peace with Egypt, and from then on, their armies never fought again. Amenhotep records that the kings of Babylon, the Hittites, and Mitanni came to make peace and pay tribute to him after his ninth year, although this may be

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Foundation tablet showing the prenomen cartouche of the throne-name of Amenhotep II. 18th Dynasty. From Temple of Amenhotep II at Kurna (Qurnah, Qurna, Gourna, Gurna), Egypt. The Petrie Museum of Egyptian Archaeology, London. With thanks to the Petrie Museum of Egyptian Archaeology,

1104:"all speak for a secure dating. The papyrus may be chronologically pinpointed further to Amenhotep's eighteenth, nineteenth, or twentieth year. Line 19 of the text mentions an allotment on II smw 30 "from the grain of year 18," possibly indicating that the papyrus dates to year 19" 1048:

statue have been found in Amenhotep II's tomb. Another Giza stele, stele C, records the name of a Prince Amenemopet, whose name is otherwise unattested. The same statue with the name Webensenu on it is also inscribed with the name of prince Nedjem, who is otherwise unattested.

1063:, the "King's son of Kush," (i.e. Viceroy of Nubia) as a son of Amenhotep II, as well as one Re; however, both are now known to be unrelated to the royal family. Usersatet merely served as Amenhotep's chief official in Nubia and was not a blood relative of the king. 936: 944: 1341: 1160:

with his father Thutmose III at the beginning of his reign as Peter Der Manuelian notes, he would already be 42 years old at death (or 18 years plus a sole 24 year reign). But if Amenhotep II enjoyed a reign of 31 years as Josephus' copy of

1172: 1208:, but he emerged victorious and acquired rich booty, among which even the equipment of a Mitanni charioteer is mentioned. The king was well known for his physical prowess and is said to have singlehandedly killed 7 rebel Princes at 1361:, his viceroy of Kush (Nubia). In it, Amenhotep II reminded Usersatet of their military exploits together in Syria and proceeds to criticise the way this official conducted his office as Viceroy. Amenhotep writes: 1212:, which successfully terminated his first Syrian campaign on a victorious note. After the campaign, the king ordered the bodies of the seven princes to be hung upside down on the prow of his ship. Upon reaching 1100:(the "dockyard" and royal residence once thought to be near Memphis), and bears the prenomen of Akheperure" which was the royal name of Amenhotep II. These three facts combined, as Peter Der Manuelian writes, 1005:

and that he was able to row his ship faster and farther than two hundred members of the navy could row theirs. Some scepticism concerning the truth of these claims has been expressed among Egyptologists.

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Peter Der Manuelian, "The End of the Reign and the Accession of Amenhotep II" pp.412-426 in Eric Cline & David O'Connor (eds.), Thutmose III: A New Biography, university of Michigan Press, 2006.

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died, which prompted the pharaoh to marry the non-royal Merytre-Hatshepsut. She would bear Thutmose III a number of children including the future Amenhotep II. Amenhotep II was born and raised in

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Foundation tablet. It shows the cartouche of the birth name and epithet "Amenhotep, the god, the Ruler of Thebes". 18th Dynasty. From Kurna, Egypt. The Petrie Museum of Egyptian Archaeology, London

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Peter Der Manuelian, "The End of the Reign and the Accession of Amenhotep II" in E. Cline & D. O'Connor (eds.), Thutmose III--A New Biography, Univ. of Michigan Press, 2006, pp.418-419

1056:, which would make these two princes sons of Thutmose IV. In addition to sons, Amenhotep II may have had a daughter named Iaret, but she could have also been the daughter of Thutmose IV. 1862:

Peter Der Manuelian, "The End of the Reign and the Accession of Amenhotep II" in E. Cline & D. O'Connor (eds.), Thutmose III--A New Biography, Univ. of Michigan Press, 2006, pp.418

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Limestone trial piece showing a king's head, who wears the blue crown. 18th Dynasty. From the Temple of Amenhotep II at Thebes, Egypt. The Petrie Museum of Egyptian Archaeology, London

1310:. Karnak, despite not receiving the attention given it by his father, also was not totally neglected. He commissioned a column to stand in the courtyard between the fourth and fifth 1322: 1164:'s Aegyptiaca assumes, then this king would have been about 47 years old at death (18 years plus a sole 29 year reign) and the X-ray evidence would be incorrect by 7 years. 1370:

Usersatet was so impressed (or fearful) of Amenhotep's message that he ordered a copy of it to be engraved on a stela "that was once at the Second Cataract and is now in

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Papyrus B.M. 10056, which dates to sometime after Amenhotep II's tenth year, refers to a king's son and setem-priest Amenhotep. This Amenhotep might also be attested in a

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in the north, instead of in Thebes, the traditional capital. While a prince, he oversaw deliveries of wood sent to the dockyard of Peru-nūfe in Memphis, and was made the

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Two more sons had been attributed to Amenhotep II in the past; however, they have since been proven to be of other parentage. Gauthier catalogued one

1032:"Now his Majesty appeared as king as a fine youth after he had become 'well developed', and had completed eighteen years in his strength and bravery." 1349:

with cartouche of Amenhotep (Amenophis) II on right arm. From the temple of Seth at Naqqada, Egypt. The Petrie Museum of Egyptian Archaeology, London

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A stela from this pharaoh's final years highlights his openly contemptuous attitude towards non-Egyptians. The document, which dates to "

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during his father's reign. A coregency with Thutmose III and Amenhotep II is believed to have lasted for two years and four months.

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and dispatched his army to the Levant to suppress it. This rebellion was likely instigated by Egypt's chief Near Eastern rival,

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Eric Cline & David O'Connor (editors), Thutmose III: A New Biography, University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor, 2006. p.415

1192:, Vienna, recording Amenhotep II's successful campaign against Syria, and dedicating war booty and prisoners to the Temple of 719: 717: 5870: 2355: 1291:, Amenhotep's building projects were largely focused on enlarging smaller temples all over Egypt. In the Delta, his father's 725: 724: 722: 673: 584: 579: 539: 430: 428: 417: 389: 312: 290: 177: 175: 165: 136: 1141:

festival in Year 30, and his second Year 34," these inscriptions may suggest a minimum reign of 30+ years for Amenhotep II.

96: 5900: 5875: 906:; however, he fought much less than his father, and his reign saw the effective cessation of hostilities between Egypt and 5865: 3645: 3433: 1200:

Amenhotep's first campaign took place in his third regnal year. It is known that the pharaoh was attacked by the host of

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all but one of the princes were mounted on the city walls. The other was taken to the often rebellious territory of

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Amanda Podany, Brotherhood of Kings How International Relations Shaped the Ancient Near East, Oxford 2010, p 163-91

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of Amun in Year 24 of Thutmose's reign. However, between Years 24 and 35 of Thutmose III, both queen Satiah and

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When he assumed power, Amenhotep II was 18 years old according to an inscription from his great Sphinx stela:

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feast and other occasion. While mentioning no king directly, the papyrus features early New Kingdom

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Amenhotep II adopted a large number of Canaanite gods into the Egyptian pantheon, including

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as overseeing construction of more temples. In upper Egypt, small shrines are attested at

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The mummy of the king was first examined, described, and photographed in January 1902 by

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Carter, Howard; von Bissing, Friedrich Wilhelm; Lacau, Pierre; Maspero, Gaston (1902).

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Christiane Zivie-Coche "Foreign Deities in Egypt", UCLA Encyclopedia of Egyptology, p 2

1448:. The tomb also housed a mummy cache containing several New Kingdom pharaohs including 973: 843: 792: 2267:"Identifications of ancient Egyptian royal mummies from the 18th Dynasty reconsidered" 1021: 5771: 5750: 5644: 5611: 5323: 4658: 4280: 4160: 3782: 3710: 3368: 3171: 3161: 3093: 2419: 2386: 2351: 2288: 2245: 1326: 1144: 5950: 5777: 5605: 5371: 5125: 4708: 4005: 3901: 3842: 3266: 3246: 2278: 2028:

p.76. Hildesheimer Ägyptologische Beiträge 26, Gerstenbeg Verlag, Hildesheim, 1987.

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Egyptian relief depicting a battle against West Asiatics. Reign of Amenhotep II,

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Amenhotep II's cartouche showing later damage and a variation of his nomen (from

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Clayton, Peter. Chronicle of the Pharaohs, Thames & Hudson Ltd., 1994. p.112

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After becoming pharaoh, Amenhotep married a woman of uncertain parentage named

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Entwicklung der ägyptischen Königsplastik in der frühen und hohen 18. Dynastie

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p.267. Journal of Near Eastern Studies, The University of Chicago Press, 1975.

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theorise that he felt that women had become too powerful under titles such as

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In April of his seventh year, Amenhotep was faced with a major rebellion in

976:. He was not, however, the firstborn son of this pharaoh; his elder brother 5582: 5416: 5406: 5381: 5233: 5183: 5142: 4868: 4780: 4668: 4581: 4561: 4480: 4440: 4326: 4265: 3975: 3797: 3787: 3750: 3705: 3619: 3609: 3599: 3515: 3231: 3108: 2917: 2858: 2718: 2665: 2570: 2292: 1497: 1457: 1445: 1299: 1093: 899: 833: 68: 687: 552: 377: 247: 124: 5686: 5631: 5482: 5431: 5351: 5223: 5115: 5097: 5055: 4966: 4857: 4852: 4847: 4801: 4785: 4758: 4723: 4713: 4648: 4601: 4591: 4576: 4566: 4513: 4475: 4450: 4430: 4420: 4186: 4170: 4145: 4140: 3940: 3867: 3777: 3760: 3715: 3690: 3624: 3604: 3589: 3571: 3301: 3296: 3103: 2930: 2910: 2724: 2658: 2649: 2533: 1469: 1465: 1461: 1449: 1441: 1385:. They point to the fact that he participated in his father's removal of 1280: 1185: 919: 796: 78: 1880: 5803: 5757: 5710: 5665: 5637: 5458: 5341: 5266: 5193: 5082: 4897: 4835: 4830: 4825: 4807: 4795: 4775: 4748: 4718: 4698: 4643: 4596: 4571: 4503: 4465: 4435: 4425: 4165: 3965: 3955: 3725: 3720: 3685: 3594: 3566: 3387: 3291: 3286: 3271: 3256: 3064: 3058: 2972: 2700: 2518: 2455: 2283: 2266: 1516:

along with those of 17 other kings and 4 queens in an event termed the

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outlandish boasting. However, a second passage appears on the walls of

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under Amenophis II, and since a king usually celebrated his first

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Amenhotep II did not openly record the names of his queens; some

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Gardiner, Alan. op. cit., p. 203. Oxford University Press, 1964.

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Ed. Donald Redford. Vol. 1, p.71. Oxford University Press, 2001.

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Thutmose III's Accession and the Beginning of the New Kingdom,

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The face of the mummy of Amenhotep II as photographed in 1902.

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Marc van der Mieroop, A History of Ancient Egypt, 2021, p 159

1562: 1560: 1558: 1556: 1554: 1389:'s name from her monuments and the destruction of her image. 1276: 1228: 1217: 1201: 1193: 1044: 903: 817: 910:, the major kingdoms vying for power in Syria. His reign is 5535: 5525: 4915: 4790: 3991: 3321: 3141: 3123: 3008: 2790: 2785: 2619: 2411: 1725: 1723: 1710: 1708: 1706: 1704: 1702: 1689: 1687: 1433: 1405: 1287:

Since Thutmose III had devoted so much energy to expanding

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Habicht, M.E; Bouwman, A.S; Rühli, F.J (25 January 2016).

1551: 918:, who was barred from any prestige until Amenhotep's son, 3740: 2206:"Procès-verbal d'examin du corps du Pharaon Aménothès II" 1397:

ruled as pharaoh before the end of his own 18th dynasty.

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was later built, but it was destroyed in ancient times.

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p. 164. Princeton University Press, Princeton NJ, 1992.

2031: 1993: 1990:

p. 163. Princeton University Press, Princeton NJ, 1992.

1977:

p. 162. Princeton University Press, Princeton NJ, 1992.

1831: 1819: 1660: 984:, was originally the intended heir to the throne since 516: 237:

Rich in splendor, who has been made to appear in Thebes

1621: 902:, and held it by means of a few military campaigns in 2376:. Verlag: Hildesheimer Ägyptologische Beiträge (HÄB). 2130: 2118: 1936: 1151:, Mississauga, 1986, pp. 179–183, believes that 964:. 18th Dynasty. State Museum of Egyptian Art, Munich 2264: 1782:

p. 234. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1906.

367:

Who has seized by means of his strong arm all lands

2147: 2145: 1960: 1958: 1325:constructed at the edge of the cultivation in the 16:Seventh Pharaoh of the Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt 1897:Radiocarbon, Wine Jars And New Kingdom Chronology 1851:Radiocarbon, Wine Jars And New Kingdom Chronology 5961: 1440:; his mummy was found there within his original 2347:The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary 2235: 2233: 2176:, The University of Chicago Press, 1997. p. 291 2172:Erik Hornung 'The Pharaoh' in Sergio Donadoni, 2142: 1955: 1925: 1923: 1891: 1889: 1120:'s Aegyptiaca, assigns Amenhotep II, a certain 2077: 2075: 2073: 1640: 1638: 1636: 1610: 1608: 1606: 1604: 1602: 1444:when the tomb was discovered in March 1898 by 911: 898:. He inherited a vast kingdom from his father 2427: 2211:Annales du Service des Antiquités de l'Égypte 2168: 2166: 1476:'s reign, to protect them from tomb robbers. 1336: 2239: 2230: 1920: 1886: 1355:Year 23 IV Akhet 1, the day of the festival 1314:commemorating the reception of tribute from 1066: 6000:Pharaohs of the Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt 2197: 2083:Egypt, Canaan, and Israel in Ancient Times. 2070: 1988:Egypt, Canaan, and Israel in Ancient Times. 1980: 1975:Egypt, Canaan, and Israel in Ancient Times. 1967: 1633: 1599: 1508:In April 2021 his mummy was moved from the 988:was designated the 'king's eldest son" and 2434: 2420: 2163: 1790: 1788: 1149:Pharaonic King Lists, Annals and Day Books 32: 2407:Panorama view of the tomb of Amenhotep II 2380: 2371: 2282: 2112: 2037: 1999: 1837: 1825: 1753: 1741: 1729: 1714: 1693: 1678: 1666: 1646:The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt. 1627: 980:, the son of the great king's chief wife 513:The great one of the manifestations of Re 5844: 2343: 1566: 1514:National Museum of Egyptian Civilization 1423: 1340: 1270: 1266: 1245: 1179: 1171: 1070: 1015: 952: 943: 935: 925: 60:1427–1401 BC or 1427–1397 BC 2305: 2299: 2258: 1785: 1644:Charles C. Van Siclen. "Amenhotep II," 1530:Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt Family Tree 932:Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt family tree 146: 5962: 4991: 4356: 3458: 2484: 2334: 2136: 2124: 1949: 1933:p. 200. Oxford University Press, 1964. 1899:Ägypten und Levante 22-23, 2012, p.299 1853:Ägypten und Levante 22-23, 2012, p.293 1618:p. 198. Oxford University Press, 1964. 5843: 4960: 4325: 3427: 2453: 2415: 2026:Studies in the Reign of Amenophis II, 2015:p.202. Oxford University Press, 1964. 1798:p.28. The British Museum Press, 1995. 1298:, is attested from an inscription at 1020:Sphinx head of a young Amenhotep II, 5496: 2374:Studies in the Reign of Amenophis II 1275:Amenhotep II shown at the Temple of 957:Head of Amenhotep II. 18th Dynasty, 1419: 13: 2306:Parisse, Emmanuel (5 April 2021). 1167: 912:usually dated from 1427 to 1401 BC 14: 6016: 2400: 2271:Yearbook of Physical Anthropology 1807:Der Manuelian, op. cit., pp.42-43 1780:Ancient Records of Egypt, Vol. II 1432:Amenhotep II was interred in his 1796:The Dictionary of Ancient Egypt. 1794:Shaw, Ian; and Nicholson, Paul. 1345:Black granite, seated statue of 1147:, in contrast, in his 1986 book 752: 691: 607: 556: 515:Great are the Manifestations of 198: 2188: 2179: 2154: 2097: 2088: 2052: 2043: 2018: 2005: 1911: 1902: 1874: 1865: 1856: 1843: 1816:Redford, JNES Chronology, p.119 1810: 1801: 1772: 1759: 890:is Satisfied") was the seventh 114:Victorious bull, great of might 1651: 1590: 1581: 1572: 1510:Museum of Egyptian Antiquities 1125:Aston writes "inscriptions at 972:and a minor wife of the king: 1: 5454:Ptolemy XIII Theos Philopator 2372:Manuelian, Peter der (1987). 1545: 1494:Friedrich Wilhelm von Bissing 1220:and hung on the city wall of 958: 815:?, Aaheperkare? Aakheperure? 635: 502: 356: 226: 103: 38:Amenhotep II standing before 2441: 2344:Leprohon, Ronald J. (2013). 1500:. The Australian anatomist 7: 5387:Ptolemy VII Neos Philopator 1596:Cline & O'Connor, p.415 1523: 896:Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt 10: 6021: 4286:Sekhemre-Heruhirmaat Intef 3670:Sekhemrekhutawy Sobekhotep 3434:Second Intermediate Period 2381:Reisinger, Magnus (2005). 2337:A History of Ancient Egypt 2328: 1337:Personality and later life 1188:and now on display at the 929: 743: 706: 701: 662: 598: 571: 566: 528: 496:Prenomen (Praenomen) 470: 440: 406: 403: 381: 324: 276: 273: 251: 189: 157: 152: 128: 5948: 5850: 5839: 5737:Lucius Mussius Aemilianus 5481: 5427:Ptolemy XII Neos Dionysos 5322: 5294: 5279: 5242: 5214: 5174: 5156: 5106: 5039: 5024: 4982: 4978: 4956: 4906: 4883: 4816: 4739: 4677: 4629: 4614: 4547: 4494: 4406: 4391: 4347: 4343: 4332:Third Intermediate Period 4321: 4244: 4203: 4111: 4043: 3891: 3659: 3644: 3580: 3554: 3506: 3491: 3449: 3445: 3423: 3378: 3338: 3213: 3198: 3132: 3074: 3017: 2958: 2943: 2833: 2762: 2747: 2648: 2532: 2517: 2475: 2471: 2460:First Intermediate Period 2449: 2385:. Münster: Agnus-Verlag. 2240:Elliot Smith, G. (1912). 1184:A stele, originally from 1067:Dates and length of reign 968:Amenhotep II was born to 867: 857: 849: 839: 829: 788: 778: 705: 634: 627: 570: 501: 494: 405: 361:Ity sekhem.ef em tau nebu 355: 348: 275: 231:Weser fau, sekha em waset 225: 218: 156: 102: 95: 84: 74: 64: 54: 47: 31: 26: 21: 6005:Children of Thutmose III 5995:Ancient Egyptian mummies 5990:14th-century BC pharaohs 5985:15th-century BC pharaohs 5449:Cleopatra VII Philopator 3706:Ameny Antef Amenemhet VI 2464: (<3150–2040 BC) 2335:Grimal, Nicolas (1988). 1778:Breasted, James Henry. 1535:History of ancient Egypt 1479: 1231:by the vassal states of 1190:Kunsthistorisches Museum 5422:Ptolemy XI Alexander II 5337:Ptolemy II Philadelphus 3631:Seankhibtawy Seankhibra 1518:Pharaohs' Golden Parade 649:is satisfied, ruler of 5980:15th-century BC deaths 5975:15th-century BC births 5464:Ptolemy XIV Philopator 5443:Cleopatra VI Tryphaena 5437:Berenice IV Epiphaneia 5392:Ptolemy VIII Euergetes 5362:Arsinoe III Philopator 4276:Sekhemre-Wepmaat Intef 3746:Sekhemrekhutawy Khabaw 3686:Sekhemkare Amenemhat V 3277:Neferkare VI Pepiseneb 2013:Egypt of the Pharaohs. 1931:Egypt of the Pharaohs. 1616:Egypt of the Pharaohs. 1429: 1395:co-regent of Akhenaten 1368: 1350: 1284: 1255: 1197: 1177: 1080: 1025: 990:overseer of the cattle 965: 950: 941: 5412:Ptolemy X Alexander I 5377:Ptolemy VI Philometor 5357:Ptolemy IV Philopator 5352:Berenice II Euergetes 5347:Ptolemy III Euergetes 5309:Philip III Arrhidaeus 3818:Khahotepre Sobekhotep 3813:Merhotepre Sobekhotep 3167:Merenre Nemtyemsaf II 2218:. Le Service: 120–121 2024:Peter Der Manuelian, 1427: 1363: 1344: 1329:, close to where the 1274: 1267:Construction projects 1249: 1183: 1175: 1133:and a renewal of the 1108:The Jewish historian 1074: 1019: 956: 947: 939: 926:Family and early life 640:Imen hetepu heqa iunu 5845:Dynastic genealogies 5469:Ptolemy XV Caesarion 4765:Tutkheperre Shoshenq 4679:High Priests of Amun 4181:Merankhre Mentuhotep 3883:Seheqenre Sankhptahi 3878:Sewadjare Mentuhotep 3731:Khaankhre Sobekhotep 3438: (2040–1550 BC) 3157:Merenre Nemtyemsaf I 2185:Hornung, pp. 290–291 1502:Grafton Elliot Smith 1416:, and a few others. 643:imn ḥtp(.w) hḳꜢ iwnw 5367:Ptolemy V Epiphanes 5304:Alexander the Great 4336: (1550–664 BC) 3858:Mershepsesre Ini II 3853:Merkawre Sobekhotep 3247:Neferkare IV Khendu 2081:Redford, Donald B. 1986:Redford, Donald B. 1973:Redford, Donald B. 1569:, pp. 100–101. 1438:Valley of the Kings 1204:while crossing the 922:, came into power. 364:iṯi sḫm.f m tꜢw nbw 234:wsr fꜢw sḫꜤi m wꜢst 108:Ka nakht wer pekhty 5704:Trebonianus Gallus 4291:Senakhtenre Ahmose 3909:Ya'ammu Nubwoserre 3863:Sewahenre Senebmiu 3838:Sankhenre Sewadjtu 3267:Neferkare V Tereru 3237:Neferkare III Neby 2905:Sekhemib-Perenmaat 2339:. Blackwell Books. 2284:10.1002/ajpa.22909 1908:Urk. IV. 1279.8-10 1657:Urk. IV. 1279.8-10 1488:in the company of 1430: 1383:God's Wife of Amun 1351: 1285: 1256: 1254:, c. 1427–1400 BC. 1252:Eighteenth Dynasty 1198: 1178: 1081: 1026: 974:Merytre-Hatshepsut 966: 951: 942: 914:. His consort was 882:(sometimes called 844:Merytre-Hatshepsut 5957: 5956: 5944: 5943: 5835: 5834: 5831: 5830: 5827: 5826: 5751:Claudius Gothicus 5645:Severus Alexander 5612:Septimius Severus 5477: 5476: 5275: 5274: 5020: 5019: 4952: 4951: 4948: 4947: 4944: 4943: 4659:Osorkon the Elder 4610: 4609: 4387: 4386: 4317: 4316: 4313: 4312: 4309: 4308: 4281:Nubkheperre Intef 4161:Sekhemre Shedwast 3783:Sehetepkare Intef 3711:Semenkare Nebnuni 3640: 3639: 3487: 3486: 3419: 3418: 3415: 3414: 3411: 3410: 3194: 3193: 3172:Netjerkare Siptah 3094:Neferirkare Kakai 2939: 2938: 2743: 2742: 2513: 2512: 2357:978-1-58983-736-2 2242:The Royal Mummies 2064:www.metmuseum.org 1929:Gardiner, Alan. 1765:Edward F. Wente, 1327:Theban Necropolis 1294:Overseer of Works 1145:Donald B. Redford 1116:which translated 877: 876: 772: 771: 768: 767: 764: 763: 760: 759: 747: 746: 739: 738: 735: 734: 682: 681: 678: 677: 623: 622: 619: 618: 615: 614: 602: 601: 594: 593: 590: 589: 547: 546: 543: 542: 490: 489: 486: 485: 482: 481: 474: 473: 468: 467: 464: 463: 438: 437: 434: 433: 397: 396: 393: 392: 344: 343: 340: 339: 336: 335: 328: 327: 322: 321: 318: 317: 267: 266: 263: 262: 214: 213: 210: 209: 206: 205: 193: 192: 185: 184: 181: 180: 144: 143: 140: 139: 6012: 5951:List of pharaohs 5841: 5840: 5606:Pescennius Niger 5494: 5493: 5490: 5489: 5402:Ptolemy IX Soter 5372:Cleopatra I Syra 5292: 5291: 5288: 5287: 5037: 5036: 5033: 5032: 4989: 4988: 4980: 4979: 4973: 4972: 4958: 4957: 4709:Djedkhonsuefankh 4627: 4626: 4623: 4622: 4404: 4403: 4400: 4399: 4374: 4369: 4354: 4353: 4345: 4344: 4338: 4337: 4323: 4322: 3916:Qareh Khawoserre 3902:Yakbim Sekhaenre 3843:Mersekhemre Ined 3657: 3656: 3653: 3652: 3504: 3503: 3500: 3499: 3456: 3455: 3447: 3446: 3440: 3439: 3425: 3424: 3211: 3210: 3207: 3206: 2956: 2955: 2952: 2951: 2760: 2759: 2756: 2755: 2530: 2529: 2526: 2525: 2482: 2481: 2473: 2472: 2466: 2465: 2451: 2450: 2436: 2429: 2422: 2413: 2412: 2396: 2377: 2368: 2366: 2364: 2340: 2323: 2322: 2320: 2318: 2303: 2297: 2296: 2286: 2277:(S61): 216–231. 2262: 2256: 2255: 2237: 2228: 2227: 2225: 2223: 2201: 2195: 2192: 2186: 2183: 2177: 2170: 2161: 2158: 2152: 2149: 2140: 2134: 2128: 2122: 2116: 2110: 2104: 2101: 2095: 2092: 2086: 2079: 2068: 2067: 2056: 2050: 2047: 2041: 2035: 2029: 2022: 2016: 2011:Gardiner, Alan. 2009: 2003: 1997: 1991: 1984: 1978: 1971: 1965: 1962: 1953: 1947: 1934: 1927: 1918: 1915: 1909: 1906: 1900: 1893: 1884: 1878: 1872: 1869: 1863: 1860: 1854: 1847: 1841: 1835: 1829: 1823: 1817: 1814: 1808: 1805: 1799: 1792: 1783: 1776: 1770: 1763: 1757: 1751: 1745: 1739: 1733: 1727: 1718: 1712: 1697: 1691: 1682: 1676: 1670: 1664: 1658: 1655: 1649: 1642: 1631: 1625: 1619: 1614:Gardiner, Alan. 1612: 1597: 1594: 1588: 1585: 1579: 1576: 1570: 1564: 1540:List of pharaohs 1420:Death and burial 1129:refer to both a 994:prince Amenemhat 963: 960: 756: 755: 711: 710: 707: 699: 695: 694: 688: 667: 666: 663: 659: 636: 611: 610: 576: 575: 572: 564: 560: 559: 553: 533: 532: 529: 525: 503: 445: 444: 441: 411: 410: 407: 401: 386: 385: 382: 378: 374: 373: 357: 281: 280: 277: 271: 256: 255: 252: 248: 244: 243: 227: 202: 201: 162: 161: 158: 150: 133: 132: 129: 125: 121: 120: 104: 93: 92: 36: 19: 18: 6020: 6019: 6015: 6014: 6013: 6011: 6010: 6009: 5960: 5959: 5958: 5953: 5940: 5846: 5823: 5723:Macrianus Minor 5652:Maximinus Thrax 5588:Marcus Aurelius 5487: 5486: 5485: 5473: 5332:Ptolemy I Soter 5318: 5285: 5284: 5283: 5271: 5238: 5210: 5170: 5152: 5132:Psammetichus IV 5102: 5030: 5029: 5028: 5016: 4994: 4985: 4974: 4971:(664 BC–313 AD) 4970: 4969: 4940: 4902: 4879: 4875:Menkheperre Ini 4812: 4735: 4673: 4620: 4619: 4618: 4606: 4543: 4490: 4471:Neferneferuaten 4397: 4396: 4395: 4383: 4382: 4372: 4367: 4366:Pharaohs 4359: 4350: 4339: 4335: 4334: 4305: 4240: 4199: 4126:Sobekhotep VIII 4107: 4039: 3887: 3848:Sewadjkare Hori 3650: 3649: 3648: 3636: 3576: 3550: 3497: 3496: 3495: 3483: 3461: 3452: 3441: 3437: 3436: 3407: 3374: 3334: 3242:Djedkare Shemai 3204: 3203: 3202: 3190: 3128: 3070: 3013: 2949: 2948: 2947: 2935: 2829: 2753: 2752: 2751: 2739: 2644: 2523: 2522: 2521: 2509: 2487: 2478: 2467: 2463: 2462: 2445: 2440: 2403: 2393: 2362: 2360: 2358: 2331: 2326: 2316: 2314: 2304: 2300: 2263: 2259: 2252: 2238: 2231: 2221: 2219: 2202: 2198: 2193: 2189: 2184: 2180: 2171: 2164: 2160:Urk IV, 1343:10 2159: 2155: 2151:Gardiner, p.199 2150: 2143: 2135: 2131: 2123: 2119: 2111: 2107: 2102: 2098: 2093: 2089: 2080: 2071: 2058: 2057: 2053: 2048: 2044: 2036: 2032: 2023: 2019: 2010: 2006: 1998: 1994: 1985: 1981: 1972: 1968: 1964:Gardiner, p.200 1963: 1956: 1948: 1937: 1928: 1921: 1916: 1912: 1907: 1903: 1894: 1887: 1879: 1875: 1870: 1866: 1861: 1857: 1848: 1844: 1836: 1832: 1824: 1820: 1815: 1811: 1806: 1802: 1793: 1786: 1777: 1773: 1764: 1760: 1752: 1748: 1740: 1736: 1728: 1721: 1713: 1700: 1692: 1685: 1677: 1673: 1665: 1661: 1656: 1652: 1643: 1634: 1626: 1622: 1613: 1600: 1595: 1591: 1586: 1582: 1577: 1573: 1565: 1552: 1548: 1526: 1482: 1422: 1339: 1323:mortuary temple 1269: 1170: 1168:Foreign affairs 1069: 1022:Musée du Louvre 961: 934: 928: 853:1401 or 1397 BC 821: 816: 774: 773: 753: 723: 718: 692: 674: 653: 645: 641: 608: 585: 580: 557: 519: 514: 512: 508: 459: 454: 452: 439: 429: 418: 368: 366: 362: 313: 302: 291: 238: 236: 232: 199: 176: 171: 166: 115: 113: 109: 90: 43: 17: 12: 11: 5: 6018: 6008: 6007: 6002: 5997: 5992: 5987: 5982: 5977: 5972: 5955: 5954: 5949: 5946: 5945: 5942: 5941: 5939: 5938: 5933: 5928: 5923: 5918: 5913: 5908: 5903: 5898: 5893: 5888: 5883: 5878: 5873: 5868: 5863: 5860: 5857: 5851: 5848: 5847: 5837: 5836: 5833: 5832: 5829: 5828: 5825: 5824: 5822: 5821: 5819:Maximinus Daza 5816: 5811: 5806: 5801: 5794: 5787: 5780: 5775: 5768: 5761: 5754: 5747: 5740: 5733: 5726: 5719: 5714: 5707: 5700: 5695: 5690: 5683: 5676: 5669: 5662: 5655: 5648: 5641: 5634: 5629: 5624: 5619: 5614: 5609: 5602: 5595: 5590: 5585: 5580: 5578:Antoninus Pius 5575: 5570: 5565: 5560: 5555: 5550: 5545: 5538: 5533: 5528: 5523: 5518: 5513: 5508: 5502: 5500: 5491: 5488:(30 BC–313 AD) 5479: 5478: 5475: 5474: 5472: 5471: 5466: 5461: 5456: 5451: 5446: 5439: 5434: 5429: 5424: 5419: 5414: 5409: 5404: 5399: 5394: 5389: 5384: 5379: 5374: 5369: 5364: 5359: 5354: 5349: 5344: 5339: 5334: 5328: 5326: 5320: 5319: 5317: 5316: 5311: 5306: 5300: 5298: 5289: 5277: 5276: 5273: 5272: 5270: 5269: 5264: 5259: 5254: 5252:Artaxerxes III 5248: 5246: 5240: 5239: 5237: 5236: 5231: 5226: 5220: 5218: 5212: 5211: 5209: 5208: 5201: 5196: 5191: 5186: 5180: 5178: 5172: 5171: 5169: 5168: 5162: 5160: 5154: 5153: 5151: 5150: 5145: 5140: 5135: 5128: 5123: 5121:Petubastis III 5118: 5112: 5110: 5104: 5103: 5101: 5100: 5095: 5090: 5085: 5080: 5075: 5070: 5065: 5058: 5053: 5045: 5043: 5034: 5022: 5021: 5018: 5017: 5015: 5014: 5009: 5008: 5007: 5004: 4997: 4995: 4992: 4986: 4983: 4976: 4975: 4954: 4953: 4950: 4949: 4946: 4945: 4942: 4941: 4939: 4938: 4933: 4928: 4923: 4918: 4912: 4910: 4904: 4903: 4901: 4900: 4895: 4889: 4887: 4881: 4880: 4878: 4877: 4872: 4865: 4860: 4855: 4850: 4845: 4838: 4833: 4828: 4822: 4820: 4814: 4813: 4811: 4810: 4805: 4798: 4793: 4788: 4783: 4778: 4773: 4768: 4761: 4756: 4751: 4745: 4743: 4737: 4736: 4734: 4733: 4726: 4721: 4716: 4711: 4706: 4701: 4696: 4689: 4683: 4681: 4675: 4674: 4672: 4671: 4666: 4661: 4656: 4651: 4646: 4641: 4635: 4633: 4624: 4616:3 Intermediate 4612: 4611: 4608: 4607: 4605: 4604: 4599: 4594: 4589: 4584: 4579: 4574: 4569: 4564: 4559: 4553: 4551: 4545: 4544: 4542: 4541: 4536: 4531: 4526: 4521: 4516: 4511: 4506: 4500: 4498: 4492: 4491: 4489: 4488: 4483: 4478: 4473: 4468: 4463: 4458: 4453: 4448: 4443: 4438: 4433: 4428: 4423: 4418: 4412: 4410: 4401: 4398:(1550–1070 BC) 4389: 4388: 4385: 4384: 4381: 4380: 4375: 4370: 4363: 4362: 4360: 4357: 4351: 4348: 4341: 4340: 4319: 4318: 4315: 4314: 4311: 4310: 4307: 4306: 4304: 4303: 4298: 4293: 4288: 4283: 4278: 4273: 4268: 4263: 4256: 4250: 4248: 4242: 4241: 4239: 4238: 4231: 4224: 4217: 4209: 4207: 4201: 4200: 4198: 4197: 4190: 4183: 4178: 4173: 4168: 4163: 4158: 4153: 4148: 4143: 4138: 4133: 4131:Neferhotep III 4128: 4123: 4117: 4115: 4109: 4108: 4106: 4105: 4100: 4095: 4088: 4083: 4078: 4071: 4064: 4057: 4049: 4047: 4041: 4040: 4038: 4037: 4030: 4023: 4016: 4009: 4002: 3995: 3988: 3983: 3978: 3973: 3968: 3963: 3961:Sewadjkare III 3958: 3953: 3948: 3943: 3938: 3933: 3930:Maaibre Sheshi 3926: 3923:'Ammu Ahotepre 3919: 3912: 3905: 3897: 3895: 3889: 3888: 3886: 3885: 3880: 3875: 3870: 3865: 3860: 3855: 3850: 3845: 3840: 3835: 3833:Merhotepre Ini 3830: 3825: 3820: 3815: 3810: 3805: 3800: 3795: 3793:Sobekhotep III 3790: 3785: 3780: 3775: 3770: 3763: 3758: 3753: 3748: 3743: 3738: 3733: 3728: 3723: 3718: 3713: 3708: 3703: 3698: 3693: 3688: 3683: 3678: 3673: 3665: 3663: 3654: 3651:(1802–1550 BC) 3646:2 Intermediate 3642: 3641: 3638: 3637: 3635: 3634: 3627: 3622: 3617: 3612: 3607: 3602: 3597: 3592: 3586: 3584: 3578: 3577: 3575: 3574: 3569: 3564: 3558: 3556: 3552: 3551: 3549: 3548: 3543: 3541:Mentuhotep III 3538: 3533: 3528: 3523: 3518: 3512: 3510: 3501: 3498:(2040–1802 BC) 3493:Middle Kingdom 3489: 3488: 3485: 3484: 3482: 3481: 3476: 3475: 3474: 3471: 3464: 3462: 3459: 3453: 3450: 3443: 3442: 3430:Middle Kingdom 3421: 3420: 3417: 3416: 3413: 3412: 3409: 3408: 3406: 3405: 3400: 3395: 3393:Neferkare VIII 3390: 3384: 3382: 3376: 3375: 3373: 3372: 3365: 3360: 3358:Nebkaure Khety 3355: 3350: 3348:Meryibre Khety 3344: 3342: 3336: 3335: 3333: 3332: 3325: 3318: 3311: 3304: 3299: 3294: 3289: 3284: 3282:Neferkamin Anu 3279: 3274: 3269: 3264: 3259: 3254: 3249: 3244: 3239: 3234: 3229: 3223: 3221: 3208: 3205:(2181–2040 BC) 3200:1 Intermediate 3196: 3195: 3192: 3191: 3189: 3188: 3181: 3174: 3169: 3164: 3159: 3154: 3149: 3144: 3138: 3136: 3130: 3129: 3127: 3126: 3121: 3119:Djedkare Isesi 3116: 3114:Menkauhor Kaiu 3111: 3106: 3101: 3096: 3091: 3086: 3080: 3078: 3072: 3071: 3069: 3068: 3061: 3056: 3051: 3044: 3039: 3034: 3029: 3023: 3021: 3015: 3014: 3012: 3011: 3006: 2999: 2992: 2987: 2980: 2975: 2970: 2964: 2962: 2953: 2950:(2686–2181 BC) 2941: 2940: 2937: 2936: 2934: 2933: 2928: 2921: 2914: 2907: 2902: 2897: 2890: 2883: 2876: 2869: 2862: 2855: 2850: 2845: 2839: 2837: 2831: 2830: 2828: 2827: 2820: 2813: 2808: 2803: 2798: 2793: 2788: 2783: 2778: 2768: 2766: 2757: 2754:(3150–2686 BC) 2749:Early Dynastic 2745: 2744: 2741: 2740: 2738: 2737: 2728: 2721: 2716: 2711: 2704: 2697: 2690: 2683: 2676: 2669: 2662: 2654: 2652: 2646: 2645: 2643: 2642: 2635: 2630: 2623: 2616: 2609: 2602: 2595: 2588: 2581: 2574: 2567: 2560: 2553: 2546: 2538: 2536: 2527: 2515: 2514: 2511: 2510: 2508: 2507: 2502: 2501: 2500: 2497: 2490: 2488: 2485: 2479: 2476: 2469: 2468: 2447: 2446: 2439: 2438: 2431: 2424: 2416: 2410: 2409: 2402: 2401:External links 2399: 2398: 2397: 2391: 2378: 2369: 2356: 2341: 2330: 2327: 2325: 2324: 2298: 2257: 2250: 2229: 2196: 2187: 2178: 2162: 2153: 2141: 2139:, p. 219. 2129: 2127:, p. 220. 2117: 2113:Manuelian 1987 2105: 2096: 2087: 2069: 2051: 2042: 2038:Manuelian 1987 2030: 2017: 2004: 2000:Manuelian 1987 1992: 1979: 1966: 1954: 1952:, p. 218. 1935: 1919: 1910: 1901: 1885: 1873: 1864: 1855: 1842: 1838:Manuelian 1987 1830: 1826:Manuelian 1987 1818: 1809: 1800: 1784: 1771: 1758: 1756:, p. 181. 1754:Manuelian 1987 1746: 1744:, p. 178. 1742:Manuelian 1987 1734: 1732:, p. 177. 1730:Manuelian 1987 1719: 1717:, p. 176. 1715:Manuelian 1987 1698: 1696:, p. 175. 1694:Manuelian 1987 1683: 1681:, p. 174. 1679:Manuelian 1987 1671: 1669:, p. 171. 1667:Manuelian 1987 1659: 1650: 1632: 1628:Manuelian 1987 1620: 1598: 1589: 1580: 1571: 1549: 1547: 1544: 1543: 1542: 1537: 1532: 1525: 1522: 1486:Gaston Maspero 1481: 1478: 1421: 1418: 1338: 1335: 1306:, el-Tod, and 1268: 1265: 1241:Sea of Galilee 1169: 1166: 1114:Contra Apionem 1112:, in his book 1106: 1105: 1068: 1065: 1034: 1033: 962: 1420 BC 927: 924: 875: 874: 869: 865: 864: 859: 855: 854: 851: 847: 846: 841: 837: 836: 831: 827: 826: 790: 786: 785: 780: 776: 775: 770: 769: 766: 765: 762: 761: 758: 757: 750: 748: 745: 744: 741: 740: 737: 736: 733: 732: 729: 726: 720: 715: 703: 702: 696: 685: 683: 680: 679: 676: 675: 671: 655: 654: 639: 632: 631: 625: 624: 621: 620: 617: 616: 613: 612: 605: 603: 600: 599: 596: 595: 592: 591: 588: 587: 582: 568: 567: 561: 550: 548: 545: 544: 541: 540: 537: 521: 520: 506: 499: 498: 492: 491: 488: 487: 484: 483: 480: 479: 477: 475: 472: 471: 469: 466: 465: 462: 461: 456: 449: 436: 435: 432: 431: 426: 423: 420: 415: 404: 398: 395: 394: 391: 390: 370: 369: 360: 353: 352: 346: 345: 342: 341: 338: 337: 334: 333: 331: 329: 326: 325: 323: 320: 319: 316: 315: 310: 307: 304: 299: 296: 293: 288: 285: 274: 268: 265: 264: 261: 260: 240: 239: 230: 223: 222: 216: 215: 212: 211: 208: 207: 204: 203: 196: 194: 191: 190: 187: 186: 183: 182: 179: 178: 173: 168: 154: 153: 147: 145: 142: 141: 138: 137: 117: 116: 111:kꜢ nḫt wr-pḥty 107: 100: 99: 91: 88:Royal titulary 86: 85: 82: 81: 76: 72: 71: 66: 62: 61: 58: 52: 51: 45: 44: 37: 29: 28: 24: 23: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6017: 6006: 6003: 6001: 5998: 5996: 5993: 5991: 5988: 5986: 5983: 5981: 5978: 5976: 5973: 5971: 5968: 5967: 5965: 5952: 5947: 5937: 5934: 5932: 5929: 5927: 5924: 5922: 5919: 5917: 5914: 5912: 5909: 5907: 5904: 5902: 5899: 5897: 5894: 5892: 5889: 5887: 5884: 5882: 5879: 5877: 5874: 5872: 5869: 5867: 5864: 5861: 5858: 5856: 5853: 5852: 5849: 5842: 5838: 5820: 5817: 5815: 5812: 5810: 5807: 5805: 5802: 5800: 5799: 5795: 5793: 5792: 5788: 5786: 5785: 5781: 5779: 5776: 5774: 5773: 5769: 5767: 5766: 5762: 5760: 5759: 5755: 5753: 5752: 5748: 5746: 5745: 5741: 5739: 5738: 5734: 5732: 5731: 5727: 5725: 5724: 5720: 5718: 5715: 5713: 5712: 5708: 5706: 5705: 5701: 5699: 5696: 5694: 5691: 5689: 5688: 5684: 5682: 5681: 5677: 5675: 5674: 5670: 5668: 5667: 5663: 5661: 5660: 5656: 5654: 5653: 5649: 5647: 5646: 5642: 5640: 5639: 5635: 5633: 5630: 5628: 5625: 5623: 5620: 5618: 5615: 5613: 5610: 5608: 5607: 5603: 5601: 5600: 5596: 5594: 5591: 5589: 5586: 5584: 5581: 5579: 5576: 5574: 5571: 5569: 5566: 5564: 5561: 5559: 5556: 5554: 5551: 5549: 5546: 5544: 5543: 5539: 5537: 5534: 5532: 5529: 5527: 5524: 5522: 5519: 5517: 5514: 5512: 5509: 5507: 5504: 5503: 5501: 5499: 5495: 5492: 5484: 5480: 5470: 5467: 5465: 5462: 5460: 5457: 5455: 5452: 5450: 5447: 5445: 5444: 5440: 5438: 5435: 5433: 5430: 5428: 5425: 5423: 5420: 5418: 5415: 5413: 5410: 5408: 5405: 5403: 5400: 5398: 5397:Cleopatra III 5395: 5393: 5390: 5388: 5385: 5383: 5380: 5378: 5375: 5373: 5370: 5368: 5365: 5363: 5360: 5358: 5355: 5353: 5350: 5348: 5345: 5343: 5340: 5338: 5335: 5333: 5330: 5329: 5327: 5325: 5321: 5315: 5312: 5310: 5307: 5305: 5302: 5301: 5299: 5297: 5293: 5290: 5282: 5278: 5268: 5265: 5263: 5260: 5258: 5255: 5253: 5250: 5249: 5247: 5245: 5241: 5235: 5232: 5230: 5227: 5225: 5222: 5221: 5219: 5217: 5213: 5207: 5206: 5202: 5200: 5199:Nepherites II 5197: 5195: 5192: 5190: 5187: 5185: 5182: 5181: 5179: 5177: 5173: 5167: 5164: 5163: 5161: 5159: 5155: 5149: 5146: 5144: 5141: 5139: 5136: 5134: 5133: 5129: 5127: 5124: 5122: 5119: 5117: 5114: 5113: 5111: 5109: 5105: 5099: 5096: 5094: 5091: 5089: 5086: 5084: 5081: 5079: 5076: 5074: 5071: 5069: 5066: 5064: 5063: 5059: 5057: 5054: 5052: 5051: 5047: 5046: 5044: 5042: 5038: 5035: 5027: 5023: 5013: 5010: 5005: 5002: 5001: 4999: 4998: 4996: 4990: 4987: 4981: 4977: 4968: 4964: 4959: 4955: 4937: 4934: 4932: 4929: 4927: 4924: 4922: 4919: 4917: 4914: 4913: 4911: 4909: 4905: 4899: 4896: 4894: 4891: 4890: 4888: 4886: 4882: 4876: 4873: 4871: 4870: 4866: 4864: 4861: 4859: 4856: 4854: 4851: 4849: 4846: 4844: 4843: 4839: 4837: 4834: 4832: 4829: 4827: 4824: 4823: 4821: 4819: 4815: 4809: 4806: 4804: 4803: 4799: 4797: 4794: 4792: 4789: 4787: 4784: 4782: 4779: 4777: 4774: 4772: 4769: 4767: 4766: 4762: 4760: 4757: 4755: 4752: 4750: 4747: 4746: 4744: 4742: 4738: 4732: 4731: 4730:Psusennes III 4727: 4725: 4722: 4720: 4717: 4715: 4712: 4710: 4707: 4705: 4702: 4700: 4697: 4695: 4694: 4690: 4688: 4685: 4684: 4682: 4680: 4676: 4670: 4667: 4665: 4662: 4660: 4657: 4655: 4652: 4650: 4647: 4645: 4642: 4640: 4637: 4636: 4634: 4632: 4628: 4625: 4621:(1069–664 BC) 4617: 4613: 4603: 4600: 4598: 4595: 4593: 4590: 4588: 4587:Ramesses VIII 4585: 4583: 4580: 4578: 4575: 4573: 4570: 4568: 4565: 4563: 4560: 4558: 4555: 4554: 4552: 4550: 4546: 4540: 4537: 4535: 4532: 4530: 4527: 4525: 4522: 4520: 4517: 4515: 4512: 4510: 4507: 4505: 4502: 4501: 4499: 4497: 4493: 4487: 4484: 4482: 4479: 4477: 4474: 4472: 4469: 4467: 4464: 4462: 4459: 4457: 4456:Amenhotep III 4454: 4452: 4449: 4447: 4444: 4442: 4439: 4437: 4434: 4432: 4429: 4427: 4424: 4422: 4419: 4417: 4414: 4413: 4411: 4409: 4405: 4402: 4394: 4390: 4379: 4376: 4371: 4365: 4364: 4361: 4355: 4352: 4346: 4342: 4333: 4329: 4324: 4320: 4302: 4299: 4297: 4296:Seqenenre Tao 4294: 4292: 4289: 4287: 4284: 4282: 4279: 4277: 4274: 4272: 4271:Sobekemsaf II 4269: 4267: 4264: 4262: 4261: 4257: 4255: 4252: 4251: 4249: 4247: 4243: 4237: 4236: 4232: 4230: 4229: 4225: 4223: 4222: 4221:Wepwawetemsaf 4218: 4216: 4215: 4211: 4210: 4208: 4206: 4202: 4196: 4195: 4191: 4189: 4188: 4184: 4182: 4179: 4177: 4174: 4172: 4169: 4167: 4164: 4162: 4159: 4157: 4154: 4152: 4149: 4147: 4144: 4142: 4139: 4137: 4134: 4132: 4129: 4127: 4124: 4122: 4119: 4118: 4116: 4114: 4110: 4104: 4101: 4099: 4096: 4094: 4093: 4089: 4087: 4084: 4082: 4079: 4077: 4076: 4072: 4070: 4069: 4065: 4063: 4062: 4058: 4056: 4055: 4051: 4050: 4048: 4046: 4042: 4036: 4035: 4031: 4029: 4028: 4024: 4022: 4021: 4017: 4015: 4014: 4010: 4008: 4007: 4003: 4001: 4000: 3996: 3994: 3993: 3989: 3987: 3984: 3982: 3979: 3977: 3974: 3972: 3969: 3967: 3964: 3962: 3959: 3957: 3954: 3952: 3949: 3947: 3944: 3942: 3939: 3937: 3934: 3932: 3931: 3927: 3925: 3924: 3920: 3918: 3917: 3913: 3911: 3910: 3906: 3904: 3903: 3899: 3898: 3896: 3894: 3890: 3884: 3881: 3879: 3876: 3874: 3871: 3869: 3866: 3864: 3861: 3859: 3856: 3854: 3851: 3849: 3846: 3844: 3841: 3839: 3836: 3834: 3831: 3829: 3828:Merneferre Ay 3826: 3824: 3823:Wahibre Ibiau 3821: 3819: 3816: 3814: 3811: 3809: 3808:Sobekhotep IV 3806: 3804: 3801: 3799: 3796: 3794: 3791: 3789: 3786: 3784: 3781: 3779: 3776: 3774: 3771: 3769: 3768: 3764: 3762: 3759: 3757: 3754: 3752: 3749: 3747: 3744: 3742: 3739: 3737: 3734: 3732: 3729: 3727: 3724: 3722: 3719: 3717: 3714: 3712: 3709: 3707: 3704: 3702: 3699: 3697: 3694: 3692: 3689: 3687: 3684: 3682: 3679: 3677: 3674: 3672: 3671: 3667: 3666: 3664: 3662: 3658: 3655: 3647: 3643: 3633: 3632: 3628: 3626: 3623: 3621: 3618: 3616: 3615:Amenemhat III 3613: 3611: 3608: 3606: 3603: 3601: 3598: 3596: 3593: 3591: 3588: 3587: 3585: 3583: 3579: 3573: 3570: 3568: 3565: 3563: 3560: 3559: 3557: 3553: 3547: 3546:Mentuhotep IV 3544: 3542: 3539: 3537: 3536:Mentuhotep II 3534: 3532: 3529: 3527: 3524: 3522: 3519: 3517: 3514: 3513: 3511: 3509: 3505: 3502: 3494: 3490: 3480: 3477: 3472: 3469: 3468: 3466: 3465: 3463: 3457: 3454: 3448: 3444: 3435: 3431: 3426: 3422: 3404: 3401: 3399: 3398:Wahkare Khety 3396: 3394: 3391: 3389: 3386: 3385: 3383: 3381: 3377: 3371: 3370: 3366: 3364: 3361: 3359: 3356: 3354: 3353:Neferkare VII 3351: 3349: 3346: 3345: 3343: 3341: 3337: 3331: 3330: 3326: 3324: 3323: 3319: 3317: 3316: 3312: 3310: 3309: 3305: 3303: 3300: 3298: 3295: 3293: 3290: 3288: 3285: 3283: 3280: 3278: 3275: 3273: 3270: 3268: 3265: 3263: 3260: 3258: 3255: 3253: 3250: 3248: 3245: 3243: 3240: 3238: 3235: 3233: 3230: 3228: 3225: 3224: 3222: 3220: 3216: 3212: 3209: 3201: 3197: 3187: 3186: 3182: 3180: 3179: 3175: 3173: 3170: 3168: 3165: 3163: 3160: 3158: 3155: 3153: 3150: 3148: 3145: 3143: 3140: 3139: 3137: 3135: 3131: 3125: 3122: 3120: 3117: 3115: 3112: 3110: 3107: 3105: 3102: 3100: 3097: 3095: 3092: 3090: 3087: 3085: 3082: 3081: 3079: 3077: 3073: 3067: 3066: 3062: 3060: 3057: 3055: 3052: 3050: 3049: 3045: 3043: 3040: 3038: 3035: 3033: 3030: 3028: 3025: 3024: 3022: 3020: 3016: 3010: 3007: 3005: 3004: 3000: 2998: 2997: 2993: 2991: 2988: 2986: 2985: 2981: 2979: 2976: 2974: 2971: 2969: 2966: 2965: 2963: 2961: 2957: 2954: 2946: 2942: 2932: 2929: 2927: 2926: 2922: 2920: 2919: 2915: 2913: 2912: 2908: 2906: 2903: 2901: 2900:Seth-Peribsen 2898: 2896: 2895: 2891: 2889: 2888: 2884: 2882: 2881: 2877: 2875: 2874: 2870: 2868: 2867: 2863: 2861: 2860: 2856: 2854: 2851: 2849: 2846: 2844: 2843:Hotepsekhemwy 2841: 2840: 2838: 2836: 2832: 2826: 2825: 2821: 2819: 2818: 2814: 2812: 2809: 2807: 2804: 2802: 2799: 2797: 2794: 2792: 2789: 2787: 2784: 2782: 2779: 2777: 2773: 2770: 2769: 2767: 2765: 2761: 2758: 2750: 2746: 2736: 2732: 2729: 2727: 2726: 2722: 2720: 2717: 2715: 2712: 2710: 2709: 2705: 2703: 2702: 2698: 2696: 2695: 2691: 2689: 2688: 2684: 2682: 2681: 2677: 2675: 2674: 2670: 2668: 2667: 2663: 2661: 2660: 2656: 2655: 2653: 2651: 2647: 2641: 2640: 2636: 2634: 2633:Double Falcon 2631: 2629: 2628: 2624: 2622: 2621: 2617: 2615: 2614: 2610: 2608: 2607: 2603: 2601: 2600: 2596: 2594: 2593: 2589: 2587: 2586: 2582: 2580: 2579: 2575: 2573: 2572: 2568: 2566: 2565: 2561: 2559: 2558: 2554: 2552: 2551: 2547: 2545: 2544: 2540: 2539: 2537: 2535: 2531: 2528: 2524:(pre-3150 BC) 2520: 2519:Protodynastic 2516: 2506: 2503: 2498: 2495: 2494: 2492: 2491: 2489: 2483: 2480: 2474: 2470: 2461: 2457: 2456:Protodynastic 2452: 2448: 2444: 2437: 2432: 2430: 2425: 2423: 2418: 2417: 2414: 2408: 2405: 2404: 2394: 2392:3-00-015864-2 2388: 2384: 2379: 2375: 2370: 2359: 2353: 2350:. SBL Press. 2349: 2348: 2342: 2338: 2333: 2332: 2313: 2309: 2302: 2294: 2290: 2285: 2280: 2276: 2272: 2268: 2261: 2253: 2251:0-7156-2959-X 2247: 2243: 2236: 2234: 2217: 2214:(in French). 2213: 2212: 2207: 2200: 2191: 2182: 2175: 2174:The Egyptians 2169: 2167: 2157: 2148: 2146: 2138: 2133: 2126: 2121: 2115:, p. 92. 2114: 2109: 2100: 2091: 2084: 2078: 2076: 2074: 2065: 2061: 2055: 2046: 2040:, p. 77. 2039: 2034: 2027: 2021: 2014: 2008: 2002:, p. 62. 2001: 1996: 1989: 1983: 1976: 1970: 1961: 1959: 1951: 1946: 1944: 1942: 1940: 1932: 1926: 1924: 1914: 1905: 1898: 1892: 1890: 1882: 1877: 1868: 1859: 1852: 1846: 1840:, p. 44. 1839: 1834: 1828:, p. 43. 1827: 1822: 1813: 1804: 1797: 1791: 1789: 1781: 1775: 1768: 1762: 1755: 1750: 1743: 1738: 1731: 1726: 1724: 1716: 1711: 1709: 1707: 1705: 1703: 1695: 1690: 1688: 1680: 1675: 1668: 1663: 1654: 1647: 1641: 1639: 1637: 1630:, p. 21. 1629: 1624: 1617: 1611: 1609: 1607: 1605: 1603: 1593: 1584: 1575: 1568: 1567:Leprohon 2013 1563: 1561: 1559: 1557: 1555: 1550: 1541: 1538: 1536: 1533: 1531: 1528: 1527: 1521: 1519: 1515: 1511: 1506: 1503: 1499: 1495: 1491: 1490:Howard Carter 1487: 1477: 1475: 1471: 1467: 1463: 1459: 1455: 1451: 1447: 1443: 1439: 1435: 1426: 1417: 1415: 1411: 1407: 1403: 1398: 1396: 1390: 1388: 1384: 1380: 1379:Egyptologists 1375: 1373: 1367: 1362: 1360: 1356: 1348: 1343: 1334: 1332: 1328: 1324: 1319: 1317: 1313: 1309: 1305: 1301: 1297: 1295: 1290: 1282: 1278: 1273: 1264: 1262: 1253: 1248: 1244: 1242: 1238: 1234: 1230: 1225: 1223: 1219: 1215: 1211: 1207: 1206:Orontes river 1203: 1195: 1191: 1187: 1182: 1174: 1165: 1163: 1157: 1154: 1150: 1146: 1142: 1140: 1136: 1132: 1128: 1123: 1119: 1115: 1111: 1103: 1102: 1101: 1099: 1095: 1091: 1085: 1078: 1073: 1064: 1062: 1057: 1055: 1054:Amenhotep III 1049: 1046: 1041: 1039: 1031: 1030: 1029: 1023: 1018: 1014: 1012: 1006: 1003: 999: 995: 991: 987: 983: 979: 975: 971: 955: 946: 938: 933: 923: 921: 917: 913: 909: 905: 901: 897: 893: 889: 886:and meaning " 885: 881: 873: 870: 866: 863: 860: 856: 852: 848: 845: 842: 838: 835: 832: 828: 824: 819: 814: 810: 806: 802: 798: 794: 791: 787: 784: 781: 777: 751: 749: 742: 730: 727: 721: 716: 713: 712: 709: 708: 704: 700: 697: 690: 689: 686: 684: 672: 669: 668: 665: 664: 661: 660: 657: 656: 652: 648: 644: 638: 637: 633: 630: 626: 606: 604: 597: 583: 578: 577: 574: 573: 569: 565: 562: 555: 554: 551: 549: 538: 535: 534: 531: 530: 527: 526: 523: 522: 518: 511: 507:Aa kheperu re 505: 504: 500: 497: 493: 478: 476: 457: 450: 447: 446: 443: 442: 427: 424: 421: 416: 413: 412: 409: 408: 402: 399: 388: 387: 384: 383: 380: 379: 376: 375: 372: 371: 365: 359: 358: 354: 351: 347: 332: 330: 311: 308: 305: 300: 297: 294: 289: 286: 283: 282: 279: 278: 272: 269: 258: 257: 254: 253: 250: 249: 246: 245: 242: 241: 235: 229: 228: 224: 221: 217: 197: 195: 188: 174: 169: 164: 163: 160: 159: 155: 151: 148: 135: 134: 131: 130: 127: 126: 123: 122: 119: 118: 112: 106: 105: 101: 98: 94: 89: 83: 80: 77: 73: 70: 67: 63: 59: 57: 53: 50: 46: 41: 35: 30: 25: 20: 5970:Amenhotep II 5796: 5789: 5782: 5770: 5763: 5756: 5749: 5742: 5735: 5728: 5721: 5709: 5702: 5685: 5678: 5671: 5664: 5657: 5650: 5643: 5636: 5604: 5597: 5583:Lucius Verus 5540: 5441: 5417:Berenice III 5407:Cleopatra IV 5382:Cleopatra II 5314:Alexander IV 5234:Nectanebo II 5203: 5184:Nepherites I 5143:Artaxerxes I 5130: 5060: 5048: 5031:(664–332 BC) 5011: 4967:Roman Period 4869:Shoshenq VII 4867: 4840: 4800: 4781:Shoshenq III 4763: 4728: 4691: 4669:Psusennes II 4582:Ramesses VII 4562:Ramesses III 4446:Amenhotep II 4445: 4441:Thutmose III 4377: 4266:Sobekemsaf I 4258: 4233: 4226: 4219: 4212: 4192: 4185: 4090: 4073: 4068:'Aper-'Anati 4066: 4059: 4052: 4032: 4025: 4018: 4011: 4004: 3997: 3990: 3976:Sekheperenre 3928: 3921: 3914: 3907: 3900: 3798:Neferhotep I 3788:Seth Meribre 3765: 3751:Djedkheperew 3668: 3629: 3620:Amenemhat IV 3610:Senusret III 3600:Amenemhat II 3516:Mentuhotep I 3478: 3367: 3327: 3320: 3313: 3306: 3232:Neferkare II 3183: 3176: 3109:Nyuserre Ini 3063: 3046: 3001: 2994: 2982: 2923: 2918:Neferkasokar 2916: 2909: 2892: 2885: 2878: 2871: 2864: 2857: 2822: 2815: 2723: 2706: 2699: 2692: 2685: 2678: 2671: 2666:Finger Snail 2664: 2657: 2637: 2625: 2618: 2611: 2604: 2597: 2590: 2583: 2576: 2569: 2562: 2555: 2548: 2541: 2504: 2382: 2373: 2361:. Retrieved 2346: 2336: 2315:. Retrieved 2312:ScienceAlert 2311: 2301: 2274: 2270: 2260: 2241: 2220:. Retrieved 2215: 2209: 2199: 2190: 2181: 2173: 2156: 2132: 2120: 2108: 2099: 2090: 2082: 2063: 2054: 2045: 2033: 2025: 2020: 2012: 2007: 1995: 1987: 1982: 1974: 1969: 1930: 1913: 1904: 1895:David Aston 1876: 1867: 1858: 1849:David Aston 1845: 1833: 1821: 1812: 1803: 1795: 1779: 1774: 1766: 1761: 1749: 1737: 1674: 1662: 1653: 1645: 1623: 1615: 1592: 1583: 1574: 1507: 1498:Pierre Lacau 1483: 1458:Ramesses III 1446:Victor Loret 1436:tomb in the 1431: 1399: 1391: 1376: 1369: 1364: 1354: 1352: 1320: 1293: 1286: 1257: 1226: 1199: 1158: 1152: 1148: 1143: 1138: 1134: 1130: 1121: 1107: 1096:, mentions " 1094:palaeography 1089: 1086: 1082: 1058: 1050: 1042: 1035: 1027: 1007: 1001: 970:Thutmose III 967: 900:Thutmose III 884:Amenophis II 883: 880:Amenhotep II 879: 878: 872:18th Dynasty 834:Thutmose III 642: 509: 363: 350:Golden Horus 233: 110: 69:Thutmose III 27:Amenophis II 22:Amenhotep II 5687:Gordian III 5632:Diadumenian 5432:Cleopatra V 5286:(332–30 BC) 5281:Hellenistic 5224:Nectanebo I 5116:Cambyses II 5098:Psamtik III 5056:Tefnakht II 4858:Takelot III 4853:Osorkon III 4848:Shoshenq VI 4802:Pedubast II 4786:Shoshenq IV 4759:Shoshenq II 4724:Pinedjem II 4714:Menkheperre 4649:Psusennes I 4602:Ramesses XI 4592:Ramesses IX 4577:Ramesses VI 4567:Ramesses IV 4514:Ramesses II 4476:Tutankhamun 4451:Thutmose IV 4431:Thutmose II 4421:Amenhotep I 4393:New Kingdom 4328:New Kingdom 4187:Senusret IV 4171:Dedumose II 4146:Nebiriau II 4141:Nebiryraw I 4136:Mentuhotepi 3941:Khakherewre 3868:Merkheperre 3778:Imyremeshaw 3761:Sedjefakare 3716:Sehetepibre 3691:Ameny Qemau 3625:Sobekneferu 3605:Senusret II 3590:Amenemhat I 3572:Iyibkhentre 3302:Neferirkare 3297:Neferkauhor 3104:Shepseskare 2945:Old Kingdom 2931:Khasekhemwy 2911:Neferkara I 2880:Weneg-Nebty 2725:Scorpion II 2137:Grimal 1988 2125:Grimal 1988 1950:Grimal 1988 1470:Pinedjem II 1466:Ramesses VI 1462:Ramesses IV 1450:Thutmose IV 1442:sarcophagus 1281:Lake Nasser 1186:Elephantine 920:Thutmose IV 797:Thutmose IV 79:Thutmose IV 65:Predecessor 5964:Categories 5804:Diocletian 5758:Quintillus 5711:Aemilianus 5666:Gordian II 5638:Elagabalus 5459:Arsinoe IV 5342:Arsinoe II 5267:Darius III 5194:Psammuthes 5083:Psamtik II 4898:Bakenranef 4836:Pedubast I 4831:Takelot II 4826:Harsiese A 4808:Osorkon IV 4796:Shoshenq V 4776:Osorkon II 4749:Shoshenq I 4719:Smendes II 4699:Pinedjem I 4644:Amenemnisu 4597:Ramesses X 4572:Ramesses V 4524:Amenmesses 4504:Ramesses I 4466:Smenkhkare 4436:Hatshepsut 4426:Thutmose I 4176:Montuemsaf 4166:Dedumose I 3966:Nebdjefare 3956:Merdjefare 3726:Nedjemibre 3721:Sewadjkare 3595:Senusret I 3567:Qakare Ini 3388:Meryhathor 3292:Neferkaure 3287:Qakare Iby 3272:Neferkahor 3257:Neferkamin 3065:Thamphthis 3059:Shepseskaf 2973:Sekhemkhet 2824:Horus Bird 2701:Scorpion I 2363:7 December 1546:References 1404:, Hauron, 1387:Hatshepsut 1098:Peru-Nefer 930:See also: 813:Khaemwaset 805:Amenemopet 651:Heliopolis 510:ꜤꜢ ḫprw rꜤ 220:Nebty name 97:Horus name 5936:Ptolemaic 5744:Gallienus 5659:Gordian I 5622:Caracalla 5548:Vespasian 5542:Vitellius 5324:Ptolemaic 5166:Amyrtaeus 5148:Darius II 5093:Ahmose II 5073:Psamtik I 5012:uncertain 5000:Pharaohs 4936:Tanutamun 4771:Takelot I 4754:Osorkon I 4704:Masaharta 4654:Amenemope 4557:Setnakhte 4519:Merneptah 4461:Akhenaten 4378:uncertain 4260:Nebmaatre 4081:Sakir-Har 4034:Yaqub-Har 3946:Nebefawre 3696:Hotepibre 3562:Segerseni 3531:Intef III 3479:uncertain 3467:Pharaohs 3099:Neferefre 2925:Hudjefa I 2806:Semerkhet 2543:Hedju Hor 2505:uncertain 2493:Pharaohs 1472:, during 1359:Usersatet 1331:Ramesseum 1321:He had a 1296:, Minmose 1122:Amenophis 1061:Usersatet 986:Amenemhat 978:Amenemhat 801:Webensenu 793:Amenhotep 75:Successor 5896:21 to 23 5814:Galerius 5809:Maximian 5798:Numerian 5765:Aurelian 5717:Valerian 5680:Balbinus 5673:Pupienus 5627:Macrinus 5599:Pertinax 5593:Commodus 5558:Domitian 5521:Claudius 5516:Caligula 5511:Tiberius 5506:Augustus 5126:Darius I 5078:Necho II 4921:Shebitku 4893:Tefnakht 4486:Horemheb 4416:Ahmose I 4228:Pantjeny 4214:Senebkay 4194:Pepi III 4156:Bebiankh 4013:Shenshek 3971:Nebsenre 3803:Sihathor 3773:Khendjer 3736:Renseneb 3681:Nerikare 3526:Intef II 3403:Merykare 3308:Wadjkare 3252:Merenhor 3147:Userkare 3054:Menkaure 3048:Bikheris 3037:Djedefre 3003:Qahedjet 2887:Wadjenes 2873:Horus Sa 2866:Nubnefer 2853:Nynetjer 2817:Sneferka 2557:Ni-Neith 2443:Pharaohs 2293:26808107 2222:10 April 2060:"Relief" 1881:Josephus 1524:See also 1347:Sennefer 1110:Josephus 1011:coregent 789:Children 5791:Carinus 5772:Tacitus 5730:Quietus 5573:Hadrian 5257:Khabash 5088:Wahibre 5068:Necho I 5062:Nekauba 5050:Ammeris 4993:Dynasty 4931:Taharqa 4926:Shabaka 4863:Rudamun 4842:Iuput I 4687:Herihor 4639:Smendes 4539:Twosret 4529:Seti II 4373:female) 4358:Dynasty 4254:Rahotep 4151:Semenre 4121:Djehuti 4103:Khamudi 4092:Yanassi 4075:Salitis 4027:Yakareb 4020:Khamure 3951:Sehebre 3873:Merkare 3521:Intef I 3460:Dynasty 3369:Imhotep 3329:Iytjenu 3315:Khuiqer 3227:Menkare 3178:Neferka 3162:Pepi II 3084:Userkaf 2978:Sanakht 2801:Anedjib 2781:Hor-Aha 2714:Iry-Hor 2708:Shendjw 2680:Pen-Abu 2564:Hat-Hor 2486:Dynasty 2329:Sources 2317:5 April 1512:to the 1454:Seti II 1410:Astarte 1402:Resheph 1316:Mitanni 1304:Medamud 1283:, Egypt 1237:Mitanni 1233:Naharin 1162:Manetho 1153:Heb sed 1139:Heb sed 1135:Heb sed 1131:Heb sed 1118:Manetho 1090:psdntyw 998:Memphis 908:Mitanni 894:of the 892:pharaoh 868:Dynasty 779:Consort 49:Pharaoh 5931:Argead 5778:Probus 5698:Decius 5693:Philip 5568:Trajan 5296:Argead 5205:Muthis 5158:XXVIII 5138:Xerxes 5006:female 4984:Period 4693:Piankh 4664:Siamun 4534:Siptah 4509:Seti I 4349:Period 4301:Kamose 4235:Snaaib 4205:Abydos 4061:Semqen 4054:Sharek 4006:Sheneh 3986:'Apepi 3981:Bebnum 3936:Nehesy 3756:Sebkay 3676:Sonbef 3473:female 3451:Period 3262:Nikare 3152:Pepi I 3089:Sahure 3042:Khafre 3027:Snefru 2996:Sedjes 2968:Djoser 2894:Senedj 2772:Narmer 2731:Narmer 2613:Wazner 2578:Hsekiu 2550:Ny-Hor 2499:female 2477:Period 2389: 2354: 2291: 2248: 1496:, and 1474:Siamun 1464:, and 1414:Qetesh 1372:Boston 1312:pylons 1308:Armant 1289:Karnak 1261:Karnak 1222:Napata 1214:Thebes 1210:Kadesh 1127:Karnak 1077:Karnak 1002:Setem, 982:Satiah 858:Burial 840:Mother 830:Father 823:Ahmose 809:Nedjem 40:Osiris 5784:Carus 5563:Nerva 5553:Titus 5531:Galba 5498:XXXIV 5483:Roman 5262:Arses 5189:Hakor 5108:XXVII 4818:XXIII 4408:XVIII 4368:(male 4098:Apepi 4086:Khyan 3999:Wazad 3767:Wegaf 3701:Iufni 3555:Nubia 3363:Setut 3185:Nefer 3032:Khufu 2990:Khaba 2984:Nebka 2848:Nebra 2776:Menes 2735:Menes 2687:Stork 2650:Upper 2606:Neheb 2599:Thesh 2585:Khayu 2534:Lower 1480:Mummy 1277:Amada 1229:Syria 1218:Nubia 1202:Qatna 1194:Khnum 1045:stele 904:Syria 818:Iaret 629:Nomen 56:Reign 5617:Geta 5536:Otho 5526:Nero 5244:XXXI 5229:Teos 5176:XXIX 5041:XXVI 5026:Late 5003:male 4963:Late 4916:Piye 4885:XXIV 4791:Pami 4741:XXII 4330:and 4246:XVII 3992:Nuya 3661:XIII 3470:male 3432:and 3322:Khui 3219:VIII 3142:Teti 3124:Unas 3009:Huni 2811:Qa'a 2791:Djet 2786:Djer 2694:Bull 2673:Fish 2639:Wash 2620:Mekh 2496:male 2387:ISBN 2365:2021 2352:ISBN 2319:2021 2289:PMID 2246:ISBN 2224:2021 1434:KV35 1406:Baal 1300:Tura 1038:Tiaa 949:UCL. 916:Tiaa 888:Amun 862:KV35 850:Died 783:Tiaa 647:Amun 5216:XXX 4965:to 4908:XXV 4631:XXI 4496:XIX 4113:XVI 3893:XIV 3741:Hor 3582:XII 3215:VII 2960:III 2796:Den 2592:Tiu 2458:to 2279:doi 2275:159 1374:." 825:(?) 5966:: 5926:31 5921:30 5916:27 5911:26 5906:25 5901:24 5891:20 5886:19 5881:18 5876:12 5871:11 4549:XX 4481:Ay 4045:XV 3508:XI 3340:IX 3134:VI 3019:IV 2859:Ba 2835:II 2774:/ 2733:/ 2719:Ka 2571:Pu 2310:. 2287:. 2273:. 2269:. 2232:^ 2208:. 2165:^ 2144:^ 2072:^ 2062:. 1957:^ 1938:^ 1922:^ 1888:^ 1787:^ 1722:^ 1701:^ 1686:^ 1635:^ 1601:^ 1553:^ 1520:. 1492:, 1460:, 1456:, 1452:, 1412:, 1408:, 1279:, 1079:). 959:c. 820:, 811:, 807:, 803:, 799:, 795:, 517:Re 5866:4 5862:3 5859:2 5855:1 3380:X 3217:/ 3076:V 2764:I 2659:A 2627:A 2435:e 2428:t 2421:v 2395:. 2367:. 2321:. 2295:. 2281:: 2254:. 2226:. 2216:3 2066:. 1196:. 1024:. 42:.

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