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by the doctor, Alma admitted to attacking him. After
Rattenbury died, both Alma and Stoner were arrested and charged with having murdered him alone. The sensational trial took place between 27 May and 31 May 1935, and was heavily covered in the press. Alma was found not guilty, while Stoner was found guilty and sentenced to death. Days later, on 4 June, Alma committed suicide by stabbing herself in the chest six times. Stoner's sentence was commuted to life imprisonment, but he only served seven years before being allowed to join the British Army during the Second World War.
541:, New York City. Pakenham found work as a lecturer on Japan, claiming to have attended the University of Oxford and calling himself "Dr Pakenham"; he had never attended university and held no degrees. Alma gave piano lessons, in contrast to her pre-war status as a concert soloist. The couple married in 1921 and they had a son, Christopher, in July 1921. However, Alma left Pakenham to return to her native Canada in March 1922; their marriage formally ended in divorce in 1925. Alma earned her living in Canada by giving music lessons and composing song music under the pen name
431:(MC) for leading a night raid to capture a crater from the Germans on 6 February 1916: he was injured and 40 British soldiers died during the action. He was injured for a second time on 25 April during a raid on the German trenches and required hospital treatment. He was granted leave to attend the investiture ceremony at Buckingham Palace for his MC on 29 May 1916: Alma accompanied her husband to the palace but was obliged to wait outside while he received his medal from King George V. He returned to France and the front in July 1916. On 3 August, he was made a
627:
wrapped around his head and without his trousers; he was unconscious. There was blood covering the armchair and carpet, in the drawing room next door. The local doctor called in a surgeon who, having inspected
Rattenbury with difficulty as Alma kept interfering, called an ambulance to take him to Strathallen Nursing Home. There, his head was shaved and three wounds were identified, confirming foul play, contrary to the preliminary assumption of the local doctor that Rattenbury had hit his head on the grand piano in the drawing room.
496:. The volunteers were not paid but did receive a uniform, free lodging and board. Orderlies were the lowest rank of the hospital hierarchy; they undertook strenuous and emotionally draining activities such as cleaning blood from the floor of the operating theatre, holding down men or their limbs as amputations took place, carrying stretchers of injured or dead soldiers up and down flights of stairs and changing bed linen. In the summer of 1917 an auxiliary hospital was set up at
607:. They did not have an unhappy marriage but neither was it an entirety happy one. They occasionally quarrelled about money. Rattenbury gave his wife £1000 a year to cover all household expenses including bills, clothing, food and alcohol (Rattenbury was a heavy drinker of whisky), and the education of her first son. The only major quarrel, in which Rattenbury gave Alma a black eye, occurred in July 1934 and was related to his depressive turns in which he would threaten suicide.
566:
332:. He divorced his wife in 1920, and the couple emigrated to the United States. He was employed as a lecturer, wrongly claiming to hold a doctorate, and she worked as a piano teacher. They married in 1921 and had a son. However, the relationship failed, and she took her son and returned to her native Canada in 1922; they formally divorced in 1925. She continued to give music lessons, and also composed song music with the pen name
500:, closer to the front, and Alma was one of the first group to staff the converted wooden huts which had become fully operational in August. She wrote in a letter that she could sleep through the bombing falling nearby, but would regularly wake at the sound of rats scratching near her sleeping area. Then, from October 1917, she returned to work at Royaumont Abbey. While in France she was attached to the
839:"Rattenbury , Alma Victoria (1897/8–1935), accused murderer, was born probably in Prince Rupert, British Columbia, Canada, the daughter of a goldmining prospector named Wolfe (who subsequently disappeared) and his wife, Elizabeth, reputedly a relative of W. G. Grace. After her mother's remarriage Alma took her stepfather's surname of Clarke."
343:, a noted architect, and they began a relationship. In 1925, he divorced his first wife and married Alma. The scandal that followed the affair and divorce meant that the couple chose to emigrate to England to start a new life. They settled in Bournemouth and had a son in 1928. Following the birth, they lived a
679:
There was probably no one in
England, and no one in Court when the trial opened, save Mrs. Rattenbury, her solicitor and counsel, Stoner and his solicitor and counsel, and Irene Riggs, who did not think Mrs. Rattenbury was guilty of the crime of murder. The whole truth about Mrs. Rattenbury came out
351:
On 24 March 1935, Rattenbury was attacked with a wooden mallet while sleeping in an armchair in their drawing room. A local doctor was called and
Rattenbury was transferred to a nursing home, but he died five days later. The morning after the attack, and having been heavily sedated the night before
626:
On 24 March 1935 Rattenbury was sleeping in an armchair in the drawing room when he was struck multiple times in the head with a wooden carpenter's hammer. Alma summoned the local doctor, who arrived by taxi. He found
Rattenbury lying on his bed in the downstairs bedroom, with a blood-soaked sheet
469:'s pension but, with a supporting letter from a former prime minister of Canada, she was finally awarded a captain's war widow pension of £100 a year plus a £250 gratuity. Now financially independent, and influenced in part by the wish to see her husband's grave in France, she volunteered with the
616:
for a teenage male live-in servant. The advertisement was answered by George Percy Stoner (born 1916), a 17-year-old who was thereafter employed by the couple as a chauffeur and handyman. Stoner turned 18 in
November 1934 and at some point became the lover of Alma; her husband, Rattenbury, was a
698:, stabbed herself in the chest six times, three times penetrating her heart. She left a note stating: "If I only thought it would help Stoner I would stay but it has been pointed out too vividly that I cannot help him—and that is my death sentence". She was buried on 8 June 1935 at
525:
was on leave from the Army in London when he met and began a relationship with Alma. Packenham had married
Phyllis Price in 1915 but, in October 1918, he wrote a letter to his first wife informing her that their marriage was over. Alma was cited in the Packenhams' divorce in 1920.
675:. The trial was heavily covered in the press, with one newspaper sending the entertainment editor rather than a crime writer to cover it. On 31 May, following clear direction from the judge and after less than an hour of deliberation, the jury acquitted Alma and convicted Stoner.
347:
life with separate bedrooms on separate floors of their home, Villa
Madeira. In September 1934, they employed George Stoner (born 1916) as a chauffeur and handyman, and he moved in to live with them. Stoner and Alma began an affair; Rattenbury was aware and tolerated it.
630:
Alma was "highly excited, incoherent, and intoxicated" and, when the police arrived, declared that she was the one who had attacked her husband with a mallet. She had to be sedated by the local doctor, who had returned to Villa
Madeira at 4am with "half a grain of
600:. The couple married in late 1925 but the controversy that surrounded their infidelity and his subsequent divorce led to their decision to emigrate to England. They had one son, John, born in 1928. That year, Rattenbury retired at the age of 60.
307:, her husband joined up. He was initially stationed in Prince Rupert, where she involved herself in entertaining the troops. In August 1915, they moved to England and her husband was posted to France in October 1915. She worked at the
412:. He was posted to Prince Rupert as second in command, and was involved in local guard duties and the training of soldiers. Alma devoted her spare time to entertaining the troops and creating competitions for them.
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On 28 March 1935 Rattenbury died of his injuries and Stoner admitted that he had struck him with a mallet. The following day, on 29 March, Alma and Stoner were both arrested and charged with murder at
Bournemouth
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Following the birth of their son the couple maintained a celibate relationship, with separate bedrooms on separate floors of their home, the Villa Madeira, 5 Manor Road,
1936:
1753:
1703:
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635:". The following morning Alma was taken to the police station where she stated "That is right — I did it deliberately, and would do it again". She was charged with
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303:. She married for the first time to Caledon Robert John Radclyffe Dolling in 1914, a relative of the Earl of Caledon. With the outbreak of the
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Following her husband's death, she underwent a protracted process to be awarded the correct widow's pension. She was initially offered only a
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It was later stated that her experiences in the war, including the loss of her husband and her volunteer work, changed her irreparably.
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368:, Canada. After her father disappeared, her mother re-married and Alma took her step-father's surname of Clarke. She was educated in
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with intent to murder. She later stated that she had no recollection of that night and could not remember signing a confession.
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Alma Victoria Wolfe was born to a gold mining prospector and his wife, Elizabeth, who was reputedly related to the cricketer
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702:. Owing to the publicity surrounding the case, souvenir-hunters stole flowers from the grave and burgled Villa Madeira.
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Stoner had been sentenced to death, having been found guilty of murder. However, his sentence was later commuted to
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entrance papers that they were a married Irish couple and that Compton was the son of his childless uncle,
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Membery, York (30 November 2002). "Killer's wife speaks out ... 67 years later: The Rattenbury murder".
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during the trial, and the woman, who at first seemed so guilty, was seen to be undoubtedly innocent.
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with star and palm. She was twice wounded during the war. In January 1918, she returned to England.
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311:. Her husband was awarded the Military Cross for bravery before being killed in action during the
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decided to proceed against both parties, as both had admitted murder. They were not charged with
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319:, and served with distinction in France. Having been wounded twice, she was awarded the French
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709:. He served seven years in prison before being released to serve in the British Army for the
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In August 1915, the couple moved to England and her husband was granted a commission in the
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584:, England, and had trained as an architect. In 1892 he emigrated to Canada, settling in
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655:; rather, each was separately charged with committing the murder while acting alone.
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by the author Anthony Quinn mentions the trial as part of its historical background.
713:. Afterwards, he returned to the Bournemouth area. He died at Christchurch in 2000.
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In 1920, the couple emigrated to the United States of America, claiming on their
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York Membery, "Killer's wife speaks out 67 years later: The Rattenbury Murder."
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On 4 June Alma bought a knife, travelled to Bournemouth, and on the bank of the
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in September 1915: he was posted to France in October 1915. Alma worked at the
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Born and educated in Canada, she was a talented musician and played with the
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1941:
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1266:"From Clytemnestra to Villanelle: why are we fascinated by women who kill?"
1170:. Notable British Trials. Glasgow and Edinburgh: William Hodge and Company.
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In 1925, Alma officially divorced Pakenham and was cited in the divorce of
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In 1914, Alma married Caledon Robert John Radclyffe Dolling, the nephew of
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580:(born 1867) from his first wife. Rattenbury had been born and educated in
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the idea of making a film about "the Rattenbury murder case" with actors
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787:. A British television adaptation of the Rattigan play was produced by
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Impression of the Scottish Women's Hospital at Royaumont; painting by
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Silent documentary of the auxiliary hospital at Villers-Cotterêts
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Murray, Elizabeth. "Rattenbury , Alma Victoria (1897/8–1935)".
87:
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The case was dramatised for Australian television in 1958 by
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485:
738:. Williams then joined Oberon in the cast of Korda's film
315:. Following her husband's death, she volunteered with the
2007:
Scottish Women's Hospitals for Foreign Service volunteers
1183:"A Seaside Drama – The 1935 Murder of Francis Rattenbury"
387:
1246:
Williams mentions the story in the 1965 BBC documentary
1167:
Trial Of Alma Victoria Rattenbury And George Percy Soner
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in central London, while living with her aunt-in-law in
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In 1918, she began a relationship with the then-married
376:. Showing great musical talent, she was reportedly a
2017:
Recipients of the Croix de Guerre 1914–1918 (France)
777:The case was the basis of the radio and stage play
610:On 25 September 1934, the couple advertised in the
588:and establishing himself as a leading architect in
1210:"Murder, suicide and the pain of a surviving son"
488:, France, to begin her work as an orderly at the
1988:
1113:
16:English-Canadian songwriter and accused murderer
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516:
504:and served with distinction, being awarded the
1160:
744:instead. A television play based on the case,
667:pleas. The trial opened on 27 May 1935 at the
471:Scottish Women's Hospitals for Foreign Service
317:Scottish Women's Hospitals for Foreign Service
235:Scottish Women's Hospitals for Foreign Service
1317:
1201:
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921:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
623:(i.e. he knew of and tolerated the affair).
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2002:People from Prince Rupert, British Columbia
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669:Central Criminal Court of England and Wales
450:. This left Alma widowed at the age of 24.
187: 1925; murdered 1934)
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747:Killer In Close-Up: The Rattenbury Case
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545:. Her songs were sung by the likes of
388:First marriage and the First World War
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594:British Columbia Parliament Buildings
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1065:The Fatal Passion of Alma Rattenbury
821:The Fatal Passion of Alma Rattenbury
553:, and played by bandleaders such as
427:. Her first husband was awarded the
1568:Mary Elizabeth Phillips (physician)
1250:about the making of the unfinished
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394:Eric Alexander, 5th Earl of Caledon
13:
1187:blog.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk
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484:On 6 January 1917 Alma arrived in
14:
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1208:Membery, York (11 January 2024).
1114:Windsor-Liscombe, Rhodri (2016).
977:"DOLLING , ROBERT JOHN RADCLYFFE"
762:, was broadcast on June 18, 1958.
442:B Company, 2nd Battalion. He was
296:songwriter and accused murderer.
1121:Dictionary of Canadian Biography
806:was part inspired by the murder.
537:. They lived in an apartment on
159:
1264:O'Connor, Sean (20 July 2019).
1257:
1240:
1227:
1067:. London: Simon & Schuster.
981:tonbridgeatwar.daisy.websds.net
649:Director of Public Prosecutions
592:. Amongst his designs were the
366:Prince Rupert, British Columbia
184:
155:
122:
40:Prince Rupert, British Columbia
2042:20th-century Canadian pianists
1071:
833:
722:In 1937, playwright and actor
700:St Peter's Church, Bournemouth
1:
2037:20th-century British pianists
2012:Canadian emigrants to England
846:
663:Both Alma and Stoner entered
446:on 20 August 1916 during the
1800:Jessie Elizabeth Martin Kerr
1523:Alexandrina Matilda MacPhail
1116:"RATTENBURY, Francis Mawson"
935:UK public library membership
819:'s 2019 account of the case
517:Post-war and second marriage
364:. Alma was probably born in
355:
339:While in Vancouver, she met
7:
1902:Vera Christina Chute Collum
1237:(Canada), 30 November 2002.
1079:"The School Roll of Honour"
400:. With the outbreak of the
10:
2068:
2047:People acquitted of murder
2027:Canadian women songwriters
1876:Marjorie Marshall-Cornwall
1578:Elizabeth Ness Mcbean Ross
1528:Katherine Stewart MacPhail
382:Toronto Symphony Orchestra
301:Toronto Symphony Orchestra
125: 1914;
2022:English women songwriters
1952:Harriet Christina Newcomb
1937:Margaret Helen Munro Kerr
1884:
1828:
1772:
1606:
1385:
1381:
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671:(the Old Bailey), before
561:Third marriage and murder
490:Scottish Women's Hospital
448:First Battle of the Somme
410:Irish Fusiliers of Canada
384:by the age of seventeen.
341:Francis Mawson Rattenbury
313:First Battle of the Somme
262:
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216:January 1917–January 1918
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76:Accused of the murder of
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62:
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28:
21:
1754:Margaret Caroline C Ryle
826:
269:Alma Victoria Rattenbury
1739:Cicely Mary Leigh Pope
1634:Florence Missouri Caton
1588:Agnes Forbes Blackadder
1493:Honoria Somerville Keer
1248:The Epic That Never Was
404:, he joined up and was
1907:Violet Douglas-Pennant
1836:Mary Josephine Bedford
1518:Mary Lauchline McNeill
1092:(463): 3–4. March 1917
927:10.1093/ref:odnb/58841
726:suggested to producer
688:
613:Bournemouth Daily Echo
573:
462:
325:for her war service.
292:; 1897/8–1935) was an
1892:Wilhelmina Hay Abbott
1846:Elsie Cameron Corbett
1664:Margaret Neill Fraser
811:Our Friends In Berlin
677:
673:Sir Travers Humphreys
568:
456:
417:Royal Welch Fusiliers
1972:Leslie Joy Whitehead
1709:Margaret W Hutchison
1639:Margaret Cowie Crowe
1478:Isabel Emslie Hutton
1423:Lilian Violet Cooper
1393:Louisa Aldrich-Blake
637:grievous bodily harm
158: 1921;
1885:Other support staff
1866:Rotha Lintorn-Orman
1851:Maud Doria Haviland
1820:Sara Payne Morrison
1780:Millicent Armstrong
1468:Laura Margaret Hope
1428:Elizabeth Courtauld
795:on August 23, 1987.
758:television station
717:Cultural references
696:Christchurch Priory
112:C. R. J. R. Dolling
33:Alma Victoria Wolfe
1795:Mary H J Henderson
1694:Evelina Haverfield
1674:Norah Neilson Gray
1624:Mary De Burgh Burt
1553:Gladys Miall-Smith
1513:Beatrice MacGregor
1463:Lydia Manley Henry
1162:Tennyson Jesse, F.
772:Killer_in_Close-Up
754:, and produced by
645:Magistrates' Court
578:Francis Rattenbury
574:
570:Francis Rattenbury
463:
459:Norah Neilson Gray
440:officer commanding
396:and a resident of
173:Francis Rattenbury
78:Francis Rattenbury
1984:
1983:
1980:
1979:
1967:Edith Anne Stoney
1947:Agnes T MacKenzie
1829:Ambulance drivers
1790:Kathleen N Dillon
1773:Nursing orderlies
1764:Caroline Toughill
1759:Bessie Sutherland
1719:Hughina McCulloch
1644:Margaret Davidson
1619:Elizabeth Bertram
1548:Caroline Matthews
1543:Louisa Martindale
1438:Georgina Davidson
933:(Subscription or
804:The Paying Guests
769:as an episode of
707:life imprisonment
685:F. Tennyson Jesse
598:The Empress Hotel
523:Compton Packenham
498:Villers-Cotterêts
467:second lieutenant
330:Compton Packenham
286:Radclyffe Dolling
266:
265:
213:Period of service
144:Compton Packenham
57:, Dorset, England
2059:
2032:English pianists
1897:C Muriel Craigie
1871:Matilda McDowell
1861:Olive Kelso King
1729:Augusta Minshull
1704:Margaret Houston
1689:Katherine Harley
1614:Jean Aitken Bell
1563:Grace Pailthorpe
1508:Helen MacDougall
1408:Mary Alice Blair
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732:Laurence Olivier
711:Second World War
686:
620:mari complaisant
590:British Columbia
535:William Pakenham
521:In January 1918
502:French Red Cross
475:stretcher bearer
444:killed in action
294:English-Canadian
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84:Criminal charges
67:English-Canadian
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1987:
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1957:Alma Rattenbury
1927:Mary Henderson
1880:
1824:
1810:Isobel MacPhail
1768:
1684:Alice Annie Guy
1659:Louise E Fraser
1602:
1473:Alice Hutchison
1448:Edna Mary Guest
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809:The 2018 novel
728:Alexander Korda
719:
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661:
659:Trial and death
563:
551:Frank Titterton
539:Eleventh Avenue
519:
507:Croix de Guerre
494:Royaumont Abbey
479:field ambulance
402:First World War
390:
358:
322:Croix de Guerre
305:First World War
256:Croix de Guerre
245:First World War
191:
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162: 1925)
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133: 1916)
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94:Criminal status
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1252:I, Claudius
741:I, Claudius
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63:Nationality
55:Bournemouth
1991:Categories
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1815:Ethel Moir
1744:Janet Reid
1649:Agnes Earl
1352:Kragujevac
1219:11 January
937:required.)
847:References
692:River Avon
665:not guilty
653:conspiracy
481:orderly.
421:War Office
309:War Office
97:not guilty
1912:Maud Ford
1679:Mary Grey
1347:Royaumont
1340:Locations
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798:The 2014
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586:Vancouver
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398:Vancouver
380:with the
356:Biography
1363:Salonika
1063:(2019).
802:' novel
683:—
572:in 1924
438:and the
370:Kamloops
345:celibate
290:Pakenham
196:Children
42:, Canada
1386:Doctors
1275:20 July
1193:29 July
1127:30 July
1096:29 July
986:29 July
783:by Sir
633:morphia
543:Lozanne
436:captain
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374:Toronto
334:Lozanne
280:, also
225:Orderly
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647:. The
282:Clarke
251:Awards
199:2 sons
88:Murder
36:1897/8
1090:XXIII
1082:(PDF)
827:Notes
760:ABV-2
694:near
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486:Creil
473:as a
278:Wolfe
183:(
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48:Died
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271:(
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