Aerospace industry in the United Kingdom

1149: 2501: 2967: 2586: 1441: 2028: 2125:, the powerplant of the Airbus A400M. Rolls-Royce has a 25% workshare, which includes final assembly, the high-pressure compressor, the low-pressure shaft, the intermediate case, and the bearing support structure. However, much of this work is carried out in Germany, such as the final assembly, because Rolls-Royce has a larger workshare in relation to the UK aircraft purchase. The solution is that Rolls-Royce Deutschland does some of the work and thus can claim a part of the German workshare in the aircraft. 1227: 356: 1507: 2081: 434: 1899: 2644: 1575: 1346: 2230: 8488: 7861: 5909: 1843:, the British aerospace industry has a 37.5% share in the production of the Eurofighter Typhoon and a 33% share in the development of the aircraft. The main participants are BAE Systems and Rolls-Royce. The UK had 40,000 jobs involved in the construction of the Eurofighter Typhoon, across 400 suppliers. Comparatively, the next largest contributor to the Eurofighter Typhoon, Germany, had 25,000 jobs involved and 400 suppliers. 3029: 2071: 8500: 7871: 1918:, a MALE UAV technology demonstrator, developed by BAE Systems, which first flew in 2009. It was hailed as the world's first fully autonomous drone by BAE Systems. Technology from it was to be used in an Anglo-French MALE UAV named Telemos, however, France effectively abandoned Telemos in 2012 after it joined a collaboration with Germany and Italy instead. The Royal Air Force has since selected the 2837: 337: 2045:. It made its first flight in 1987. It is manufactured in Yeovil, England by AgustaWestland, a joint company formed by GKN of the UK and Finmecannica of Italy in 2000. However, GKN sold its 50% share of AgustaWestland to Finmecannica in 2004, giving Finmecannica total ownership of the company. As of August 2016, the AW101 has been exported to 11 countries. 2061:, a licence-built (assembled from American-made kits) version of the American AH-64D Apache Longbow featuring several modifications, including Rolls-Royce Turbomeca engines, a new electronic defensive aids suite and a folding rotor blade mechanism. 59 of the 67 WAH-64 Apaches were assembled by Westland Helicopters (now AgustaWestland) in Yeovil, England. 2400:, a five satellite constellation with the first satellite being launched in 2002, to monitor disasters around the globe. Every satellite has been funded by a different country and SSTL has built and operates them. Currently, there are another three satellites under construction, one for Nigeria, one for the UK and one for Spain. 823:. A number of the companies failed or found themselves in difficulty, due to high operating cost, low demand that was also seasonal, high fares and heavily subsidised French competition and so it was decided in April 1922 to offer support and by October subsidies were given to individual airlines operating set routes. 1856:, the UK aerospace industry has a workshare of about 20% in the aircraft and has two companies in "Team JSF", BAE Systems and Rolls-Royce. BAE Systems designed and produces the aft fuselage, fuel system, horizontal and vertical stabilizers among other things. Rolls-Royce provides the Liftfan for all F35Bs. 2608:

and it employs around 36,400 people in the UK. The largest aerospace related locations of BAE Systems are Warton, Samlesbury and Brough. The final assembly line for the British Eurofighter Typhoons, a collaborative European programme, is located at Warton. All flight test activity for crewed aircraft

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is one of the best-selling advanced jet trainers in the world and has generated billions of pounds in exports for the British aerospace industry. BAE Systems and Rolls-Royce are the two main participants and, so far, over 900 Hawks have been sold worldwide. The latest variant is the "AJT" version, or

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Nonetheless, the Government needed to ensure that the aircraft industry did not shrink to a size dangerous for national defence and that there would be sufficient aircraft and aero engine companies to sustain the United Kingdom's military requirements for the variety of types of aircraft and engines.

808:, on 11 March 1920 in the House of Commons to let it "fly by itself……any attempt to support it artificially by floods of State money will not ever produce a really sound commercial aviation service which the public will use, and will impose a burden of an almost indefinite amount upon the Exchequer". 2984:

is a small satellite development and production company. It currently has c.600 employees and is the world leader in small satellites. In its 22-year history, it has developed satellites for 27 missions. The two Galileo satellite navigation proofing satellites, GIOVE-A and GIOVE-A2, are two of their

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Vixen 500E, a small AESA radar developed by Selex ES for small lightweight fighter aircraft. It is currently under development and has so far no customers. It has approximately 500 T/R modules. There is also a variant with 750 T/R modules under development. The range of the Vixen 500E is given as 35

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However, once the War was over, the vast majority returned to their pre-war activities. The aircraft being produced in 1918 were essentially enhanced versions of the 1914 aircraft. The development of the aviation industry between 1914 and 1918 was more one of production and logistics than scientific

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As a new technology, there was a great deal of interest from a variety of sources but often it was individuals just enthused by aviation. Between 1909 and 1914 there were about 200 active constructors, although many of them only made one or two planes. But even the production of the larger firms was

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The failure in the early 1920s to establish the network of 'key aerodromes', or even a barely adequate aviation infrastructure in comparison to the contemporary achievements in Germany and France, was a contributory factor to the progressive weakening in relative international terms of Britain as a

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Whilst it was the military market that really was the source of aviation development, in the years leading up to 1914 it was, in the UK, rather sporadic. In 1909 development on behalf of the Government was stopped as being too costly. In April 1911 Britain had only 6 military aeroplanes, 2 of which

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and Bristol. In Derby, the three shaft Trent engines get developed and produced. The current line up includes the Trent 700 for the Airbus A330, the Trent 900 for the Airbus A380, the Trent 1000 for the Boeing 787 and the Trent XWB for the Airbus A350 XWB, among others. In Bristol, the company has

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UAV Engines Limited (UEL), a British company owned by Elbit of Israel, is one of the largest suppliers of UAV engines in the world. Their engines, ranging from 20 hp (15 kW) to 120 hp (89 kW), are installed on 25 different UAV systems. It will provide the engine for the British

800:) that reported in December 1918. Their key recommendation was that steps should be taken to foster civil aviation in order, in part, to maintain a manufacturing base that could supply the country's military needs. However, Government policy for civil aviation was, initially, according to the then 648:

Unsurprisingly the run up to and onset of the First World War led to a massive increase in the number of companies engaged in aircraft production. Between 1912 and 1916 aircraft production was moved on to a mass production basis. But it was only by 1917 that production problems and procedures were

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and the Saudi Tornado upgrade programme. Samlesbury is the production hub of the Military Air Solutions division of BAE Systems. Here, components for the Eurofighter Typhoon, the F35 Lightning II, the Hawk, UAVs, UCAVs and Airbus aircraft get built. At Brough, the BAE Hawk gets produced and final

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The reasons for this were not difficult to find. Imperial Airways largely ignored European routes preferring to focus on imperial markets in Africa and India. Imperial Airways' Handley Page aircraft were comfortable and safe but slow. There was no competition on these routes, so there was little

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is the last remaining independent aircraft manufacturer in the United Kingdom, with about 100 employees. It is best known for its design of rugged transport aircraft, such as the Islander, Trislander and Defender 4000. To reduce costs, the company (resident on the Isle of Wight) did not perform

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EFE – Environmentally Friendly Aero Engine is a 95 million pound programme, carried out by Rolls-Royce and a first engine run is planned for 2008. Its aim is to prepare the UK industry for future engine programmes and from a technical perspective, its aims are a 10% reduction in carbon dioxide

1932:, a UCAV technology demonstrator developed by BAE Systems in partnership with Rolls-Royce, QinetiQ and GE Aviation Systems. Technology derived from it is to be used in the development of an Anglo-French Future Combat Air System that will equip the air forces of the UK and France by 2030. 2194:, Rolls-Royce is a supplier for the IAE V2500, having previously also being a major shareholder of the company. Whilst the Rolls-Royce final assembly for this engine has been shifted from Derby to Germany, the British part of Rolls-Royce still manufactures a large degree of the engine. 941:

The work was spread out over about 18 aviation companies. The winning company for a tender would not necessarily be given the complete construction work, which on occasions would be spread out to other companies to ensure that they, the other companies, were able to stay in business.

2535:. Filton is the main research and development and support centre for all Airbus wings, fuel systems and landing gear integration. Broughton, which employs over 5,000 people, is the main wing manufacturing centre for all Airbus aircraft and also builds the fuselage and wings of the 901:

and the Ministry of Health were jointly responsible for approving aerodromes. The Air Ministry dealt with aviation matters, concentrating on the safety aspects of the positioning of buildings, the quality of the airfield and especially possible hazards surrounding the aerodrome.

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in 1924 from the four main air transport companies. However, the Air Ministry did not actively engage with the development of commercial aircraft, despite the recommendation of the 1918 Civil Aerial Transport Committee and was later criticised by the 1938 Cadman Report for this.

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Trent XWB is the newest Rolls-Royce engine of the Trent series. It will power the Airbus A350 XWB and has currently achieved 800 orders. In November 2007, Rolls-Royce declared that it will build a new factory in Singapore to final assemble some of the Trent XWBs and Trent

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briefly tried motor cycles. By 1920 the British aerospace industry consisted of 28 aeroplane constructors and a dozen aero engine designers. However, much of their work was of a trivial nature and engine orders were so low that Rolls-Royce nearly left the aviation sector.

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There was a particular success in this period in the growth of privately owned light aircraft. In 1924 the Air Ministry initiated a policy of financial assistance to light aeroplane clubs. Despite Air Ministry support what really made the difference was the launch of the

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By October 1918 there were 1,529 companies involved in the manufacture of aircraft. As well as aviation companies making aeroplanes there were other engineering companies also involved in making aircraft and engines (usually under licence). Companies such as shipbuilders

2188:, an engine developed by Rolls-Royce to power the new Dassault super midsize business jet. In November 2007, Rolls-Royce announced that the RB282 would be developed and tested in newly completed facilities in Bristol. Its production however would take place in Virginia. 2861:

engine and other programmes, such as significant parts of the workshare, in the TP400 turboprop engine for the A400M and the F136 engine for the F-35 Lightning II. Recently, Bristol has also been confirmed as the centre for the development and testing of the civil

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chaired the committee for the Development of Civil Aviation in the United Kingdom. His report in 1937 came closest in its reasoning to a national master-plan, with its proposed 'system of airports', linked to a planned pattern of regulated internal services.

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The desire by private individuals, often amateur gentlemen, to fly as a hobby provided the initial stimulus to the UK aviation industry. By October 1913 there were over 80 private airworthy aeroplanes, more than the airworthy planes in the recently formed

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has a workshare roughly equivalent to its share of procurement, which equates to about 14%. Due to traditional Airbus roles, Airbus UK developed the wings for the A400M and outsourced some of the manufacturing; however, the final assembly takes place in

2131:, the STOVL component for the F35B. It is entirely developed and produced by Rolls-Royce. As with the Rolls-Royce share in the F136, the liftfan development is led by the company's Bristol facility with considerable input from its Indianapolis offices. 2096:, the powerplant of the Eurofighter Typhoon. Rolls-Royce has a 33% share in development and a 34.5% share of production. The EJ200 is based on the XG.40 engine research programme carried out by Rolls-Royce and the UK Ministry of Defence in the 1980s. 1009:

in 1935 to build 28 flying boat aircraft for passengers and freight (particularly airmail). The Second World War effectively stopped the further development of the flying boat as after the War there were plenty of suitable land aircraft, notably the

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worked in the early years on the basis that there would be no war in Europe in the immediate future and that the main requirement for aircraft would be policing the colonies. Such activity would not require sophisticated aeroplanes to be developed.

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have their wings and fuel systems built in the UK. The A350 XWB has so far achieved 564 firm orders and has its wings developed in Filton and assembled in Broughton. Rolls-Royce is currently the only engine supplier to the A350 XWB with the Trent

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civil aviation power during the inter-war period. For instance, in 1927 German aviation carried almost eight times more passengers than British carriers. However, the municipal airports movement after 1929 began to repair this deficiency.

2852:). It has over 50,000 employees, of whom about 23,000 are based in the United Kingdom. In 2014, Rolls-Royce purchased the 50% Daimler had in the R-R engine business, paying 2'430 million € for it. The company's main UK factories are at 937:

The Air Ministry would draw up a specification which would be given to 'approved firms' who would then submit tenders for prototypes. The Air Ministry would select several prototypes and finally a choice for production would be made.

333:, a strategic partnership between the UK Government, industry and other key stakeholders, established to secure the future of the UK aerospace industry in the face of an ever changing, and increasingly competitive global landscape. 2361:

Seaspray 5000E, Seaspray 7000E and Seaspray 7500E, developed by Selex ES, have found widespread use in various applications. The Seapray 7000E has been selected for the AW159 Wildcat and the Seaspray 7500E has been selected by the

2318:, the radar developed for the Eurofighter Typhoon. It has been developed and is being produced by the Euroradar consortium, a joint venture of major European radar houses. The UK contribution comes mainly from Selex ES (formerly 2370:. The range for these radars is given as more than 100 nautical miles (190 km) for the Seaspray 5000E, 200 nautical miles (370 km) for the Seaspray 7000E and 320 nautical miles (590 km) for the Seaspray 7500E. 715:

As soon as the war was finished and the government demand for aircraft ceased some of the remaining aircraft companies tried to diversify into other activities but with limited success or simply closed down. For instance,

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The British aerospace industry has made many important contributions to the history of aircraft and was solely, or jointly, responsible for the development and production of the first aircraft with an enclosed cabin (the

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and later adopted for the Hawk trainer jet. It was also recently used in the BAE Taranis UCAV technology demonstrator. Rolls-Royce has a 50% workshare in the Adour and the final assembly line is in Bristol, United

6873: 1075:. Research work was, for instance, carried out in wind tunnels, and other projects such as research on electrical heating systems for guns, reliable navigation lamps, better engine magnetos and ignition systems. 736:

The aviation industry was left with the core of pre-war producers and a few companies whose interest in aviation had been aroused. This latter category included companies such as the Norwich engineering firm

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Trent 1000 is the launch engine for all variants of the Boeing 787 and, by November 2007, over 600 Trent 1000s had been ordered by 19 airlines. This gives the Trent 1000 a market share of slightly more than

2102:, the alternative engine for the F-35 Lightning II. Rolls-Royce had a 40% workshare in the engine. Development was cancelled in December 2011 after failing to obtain Pentagon support for further development. 850:

In order for civil aviation to expand, airports, close to major towns and cities and ancillary support such as weather forecasting and wireless telegraphy would be crucial. This idea was first laid out by

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Picosar radar, a very small AESA radar also developed by Selex ES with a range of about 20 kilometres and a weight of around 10 kg. Its market is mainly seen as a cheap, small radar for UAVs.

3985: 2055:. It is manufactured by AgustaWestland in Yeovil, England. It first flew in 2009 and entered operational service in 2014 with the British Army. It has been exported to South Korea and the Philippines. 2002:, a technology demonstrator for the RAF's Lightweight Affordable Novel Combat Aircraft (LANCA) programme which aims to deliver an autonomous UCAV capable of fighting alongside crewed fighter aircraft. 2828:(DERA). It has close to 12,000 employees and is one of the major players in the British aerospace industry. QinetiQ's main aerospace business relates to satellites, UAVs and reconnaissance systems. 8462: 934:

Consequently, there came into being an arrangement with Society of British Aircraft Constructors that contracts could be shared around a limited number of companies, this became known as The Ring.

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took over and he too understood that airports would be a key to the development of civil aviation and enthusiastically lobbied and encouraged provincial towns and cities to organise the planning.

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focused mainly on the military aspects of its remit, and held to the notion that state involvement was unnecessary because airports should be left to the private sector and municipal authorities.

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were all part of the wartime aviation industry. In addition there were also a large number of sub-contractors, making such things as propellers, electrical equipment, instrumentation and canvas.

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Brancker's campaign could claim its first practical results in 1929 when Nottingham, Blackpool and Hull each opened a licensed aerodrome. Manchester, Bristol and Plymouth followed suit in 1930.

474:. Before the First World War there were no regular air services and commercial aviation only really started in 1919 after the development of suitably sized aircraft during the First World War. 7907: 7372: 1889:, the first variant in a family of modular light jet aircraft which can be reconfigured to cover roles such as basic jet trainer, operational trainer, aerobatics/display and light combat. 4914: 4580: 2857:

concentrated its military aerospace business with the British final assembly line for the EJ200 engine for the Eurofighter Typhoon, the only final assembly line for the British-French

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and safety-related equipment for aviation. It is the world's leading manufacturer of ejection seats, with a 53% global market share and annual production of around 500 seats per year.

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Nonetheless by1939, in England and Wales a total of 38 municipal aerodromes had been established. In addition, there were three in Scotland and one each in Belfast and Jersey.

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centre of excellence. There it designed, and used to produce, the composite wing spar for the A400M now produced at GKN's New purpose built Western Approach, Bristol site.

1986:. The British Army plans to operate a fleet of 54 Watchkeeper UAVs. France has expressed interest in buying the system and an armed version has also been pitched to Poland. 1875:, BAE Systems was chosen to provide technical assistance on the design of the Turkish fifth-generation fighter. A memorandum of understanding (MoU) was also signed between 3577:

Robin Higham 1968 Quantity vs. Quality: The Impact of Changing Demand on the British Aircraft Industry, 1900–1960 The Business History Review Vol. 42, No. 4 (Winter, 1968)

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is based in Coltishall, Norfolk. It is currently developing a new, fully composite, training aircraft with the aim to replace existing aging military and civilian fleets.

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has undertaken design and prototyping of three potential spaceplanes since its founding by David Ashford in 1991. The ESA has endorsed these designs on several occasions.

2212:, a hypersonic precooled hybrid air-breathing rocket engine currently in the early stages of research and development. It is being developed by the British-based company 873:

at its head. He outlined a plan for civil aviation and included a structure for the creation of airports. However, the post was downgraded and in April 1922 he resigned.

7801: 7026: 2519:, with estimates that it supports another 140,000 jobs in the wider UK economy. The traditional UK workshare in Airbus aircraft is around 20%. Airbus has major sites at 2340:

variant of the CAPTOR radar which will equip later tranches of the Eurofighter Typhoon. A CAPTOR-E technology demonstrator, called CAESAR, first flew in early 2006 on a

1912:, developed by BAE Systems. It first flew in 2004 and was successfully deployed to Afghanistan on trials in 2007. An armed version, named BAE Fury, was revealed in 2008. 4876: 1962:

UAV developed by QinetiQ. In July 2010, it made the world's longest recorded flight of an unrefuelled UAV with a flight that lasted 336 hours, 22 minutes and 8 seconds.

1026:, where they had established a chair in aeronautical engineering in 1919, and, indeed, most of the leading British aeronautical engineers were Cambridge graduates, and 29:

in the world (after the United States) and the largest in Europe by turnover, with a global market share of 17% in 2019. In 2020, the industry employed 116,000 people.

7900: 6622: 2777:(25%). It operates in the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Italy and Poland and has offices in the USA. In the UK, the main sites are Bristol (software and systems) 4066: 1115: 4849: 4458: 7831: 7642: 6597: 6569: 5956: 613:

had a training in engineering and their companies were usually privately financed. There were several large engineering companies who also got involved, such as

7998: 5011: 3297: 1869:, over 30% of the content within Gripen is manufactured in the UK, according to Saab. The carrier-based concept, the "Sea Gripen", was also designed in the UK. 4768: 4754: 3180: 8491: 7963: 7893: 6885: 3989: 1794:

XP, the Airbus plant in Broughton builds the fuselage and wings for the Hawker 800XP variant. This work employs about 450 people at the plant in North Wales.

8052: 7763: 7943: 8317: 8013: 4602: 5992: 3898: 8531: 8107: 8102: 7958: 5912: 5004: 2041:, a medium-lift helicopter developed for both military and civil applications. It was designed by Westland Helicopters in collaboration with Italy's 1022:

The aviation industry was to benefit significantly from aeronautical research carried out in the late 1920s and the 1930s. The academic centres were

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Peter Fearon 1969: The Formative Years of the British Aircraft Industry, 1913–1924 The Business History Review Vol. 43 No. 4 (Winter 1969) pp. 487–8

3084: 2958:. Alongside core operations in Italy and the UK, the company trades in the United States, Germany, Turkey, Romania, Brazil, Saudi Arabia and India. 8240: 7743: 5723: 3361: 2255:, a family of missiles which includes versions for air, land and sea environments. It is developed by MBDA UK with technology sourced from ASRAAM. 6075: 4796: 3739:

Peter Fearon 1969: The Formative Years of the British Aircraft Industry, 1913–1924 The Business History Review Vol. 43 No. 4 (Winter 1969) p. 493

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Peter Fearon 1969: The Formative Years of the British Aircraft Industry, 1913–1924 The Business History Review Vol. 43 No. 4 (Winter 1969) p. 492

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Peter Fearon 1969: The Formative Years of the British Aircraft Industry, 1913–1924 The Business History Review Vol. 43 No. 4 (Winter 1969) p. 488

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Peter Fearon 1969: The Formative Years of the British Aircraft Industry, 1913–1924 The Business History Review Vol. 43 No. 4 (Winter 1969) p. 491

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Peter Fearon 1969: The Formative Years of the British Aircraft Industry, 1913–1924 The Business History Review Vol. 43 No. 4 (Winter 1969) p. 487

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Peter Fearon 1969: The Formative Years of the British Aircraft Industry, 1913–1924 The Business History Review Vol. 43 No. 4 (Winter 1969) p. 479

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Peter Fearon 1969: The Formative Years of the British Aircraft Industry, 1913–1924 The Business History Review Vol. 43 No. 4 (Winter 1969) p. 476

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assembled, flight tests are done at Warton. Overall, Military Air Solution has 14,000 employees spread across eight sites in the United Kingdom.

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Peter Fearon 1969: The Formative Years of the British Aircraft Industry, 1913–1924 The Business History Review Vol. 43 No. 4 (Winter 1969) p.493

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Peter Fearon 1969: The Formative Years of the British Aircraft Industry, 1913–1924 The Business History Review Vol. 43 No. 4 (Winter 1969) p.490

8457: 8151: 8057: 7874: 7714: 4922: 2758:

is a family-owned engineering services and technology business which employs over 4000 people with offices in the UK, Europe, UAE and Canada.

8436: 8220: 8112: 7968: 7689: 4627: 3331: 2488:, the company has one factory in Yeovil, employing more than 4,000 people. Its main products with a large British content are the AW101, the 1935: 7916: 7726: 7619: 7416: 4039: 1005:

However, the lack of suitable landing airfields in many Empire counties in the inter War period did lead to Imperial Airways commissioning

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was established, independent of the Army and Royal Navy. Both organisations were to fashion the nature of the aviation industry in the UK.

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Nonetheless, there was still determination to stay particularly from the enthusiastic pioneers such de Havilland and Sopwith. As soon as

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The first task for the government at the end of the war was to dispose of their stocks of aircraft and to deal with those on order. The

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Peter Fearon 1974: The British Airframe Industry and the State 1918 – 1935 The Economic History Review Vol. 27 No.2 (May 1974) p. 249

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Peter Fearon 1974: The British Airframe Industry and the State 1918 – 1935 The Economic History Review Vol. 27 No.2 (May 1974) p. 248

2261:, a lightweight air-to-surface / surface-to-surface missile developed by Thales Air Defence with technology sourced from Starstreak. 8122: 7736: 7507: 6996: 6916: 6901: 5987: 5881: 3949: 1945: 1721: 240: 6027: 3267: 8156: 8062: 6858: 6853: 6704: 2610: 4085: 2463:. As of 2014 the precooler technology for the engine design has been demonstrated and test flights are expected within a decade. 1919: 8117: 7864: 7411: 7401: 7386: 7321: 6818: 6753: 6555: 5942: 5896: 5329: 4155: 2825: 622: 579: 445: 3432: 2143:

Trent 800 is offered for the Boeing 777 and the Trent 700 is offered for the Airbus A330, where it has achieved large success.

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Along with these companies there was the early development of seaplanes, particularly near Southampton, by companies such as

216: 4413: 264: 8325: 8275: 8047: 8023: 8003: 7993: 7669: 7586: 5218: 2755: 2724:, which employs approximately 5,000 people, mainly in the UK and the USA. In the UK, its most important facility is on the 2565:(a subsidiary of Airbus) is the largest space company in Europe and employs around 2,700 people in the UK. It has sites at 811:

Air transport companies were established in 1919–20, several of which were subsidiaries of aircraft manufacturers, such as

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Eventually, however, the state did involve itself in civil aviation and on the advice of the Hambling Committee, creating

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and has since then also flown on a Eurofighter development aircraft. According to reports, it has about 1400 T/R modules.

2337: 1053: 598: 8168: 7948: 7704: 7355: 7343: 7299: 6813: 5977: 4466: 4395: 4351: 3156: 2009: 7532: 3703:

John Myerscough 1985 Airport Provision in the Inter-War Years Journal of Contemporary History, Vol. 20, No. 1 Jan. p54

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John Myerscough 1985 Airport Provision in the Inter-War Years Journal of Contemporary History, Vol. 20, No. 1 Jan. p51

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John Myerscough 1985 Airport Provision in the Inter-War Years Journal of Contemporary History, Vol. 20, No. 1 Jan. p50

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John Myerscough 1985 Airport Provision in the Inter-War Years Journal of Contemporary History, Vol. 20, No. 1 Jan. p43

3406: 8210: 7816: 7719: 7664: 7443: 7426: 7396: 7161: 7011: 6674: 6669: 6032: 5982: 5871: 4291: 3730:

John Myerscough 1985 Airport Provision in the Inter-War Years Journal of Contemporary History, Vol. 20, No. 1 Jan.p61

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John Myerscough 1985 Airport Provision in the Inter-War Years Journal of Contemporary History, Vol. 20, No. 1 Jan.p48

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John Myerscough 1985 Airport Provision in the Inter-War Years Journal of Contemporary History, Vol. 20, No. 1 Jan.p55

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John Myerscough 1985 Airport Provision in the Inter-War Years Journal of Contemporary History, Vol. 20, No. 1 Jan.p52

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Trent 900 is Rolls-Royce's offering for the Airbus A380 and it has achieved a workshare of more than 50% against the

2099: 220: 6848: 4946: 4511: 3293: 8375: 8370: 7652: 7431: 6711: 3883: 2191: 6532:

GEC purchased EE and with it The Marconi Company and EE's shareholding in BAC, through its subsidiary EE Aircraft.

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system, was until 2021 supported by the United Kingdom. The UK involvement ceased upon Britain's exit from the EU.

1692: 891:, was not so enthusiastic and cited financial difficulties as one of the reasons for the slowdown in the impetus. 7806: 7753: 7614: 7559: 7391: 7294: 6773: 6721: 6647: 5997: 5850: 5698: 5511: 4260: 2981: 2971: 986:

were dominant and after 1930 American passenger aircraft took a leading part. In 1938 Neville Chamberlain flew a

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in 1924. An immensely popular aircraft ideally suited to flying clubs and popularised by famous aviators such as

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in Glasgow. The motor industry obviously had a capability to manufacture aeroplanes and, in particular, engines.

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business jets (including the centre fuselage of the Challenger 350, centre fuselage and engine nacelles of the

626: 349: 4536: 7973: 7925: 7748: 7657: 7596: 7522: 7309: 7289: 7068: 6592: 6578: 5758: 5738: 5394: 5038: 3133: 2447:(ESA). The British Government partnered with the ESA in 2010 to promote Skylon. This design was pioneered by 2258: 2105: 781: 4812: 1672: 8245: 8230: 7811: 7632: 7495: 7473: 7453: 7382: 7304: 7181: 7171: 7166: 6838: 6803: 6659: 6502: 6393: 5743: 5434: 5359: 4892: 2951: 2273:, a lightweight air-to-surface / surface-to-surface anti-ship missile developed in cooperation with France. 2048: 1993: 1959: 1886: 1685: 1131: 1064: 1056:, the aero engine producer, gave Cambridge University £10,000 for aeronautical research and the arm dealer 4012: 3487: 978:

was the only other European airline company using British aircraft. The aeroplanes of German manufacturer

8380: 8260: 8215: 7983: 7647: 7627: 7468: 7331: 7113: 7016: 6726: 6699: 6679: 6022: 6017: 5136: 5086: 4555: 2551: 2333: 2108: 556: 550: 6514:

BAC comprised the aviation interests of the companies that formed it, and wholly owned Hunting Aircraft.

3817: 3640:

Peter Fearon 1985 The Growth of Aviation in Britain. Journal of Contemporary History Vol. 20 No.1 P25-7

3631:

Peter Fearon 1985 The Growth of Aviation in Britain. Journal of Contemporary History Vol. 20 No.1 P24-5

974:

However, for airliners in this period the UK lagged behind European countries. In 1931 Belgium operator

826:

Matters were improved when aircraft specifically designed for commercial operation were introduced. The

139:

Current and future crewed aircraft in which the British aerospace industry has a major role include the

8365: 8360: 8292: 8265: 8255: 8250: 7988: 7846: 7458: 6664: 6432: 5891: 5661: 5501: 4753:

Fleurant, Aude; Kuimova, Alexandra; Tian, Nan; Wezeman, Pieter D.; Wezeman, Siemon T. (December 2018).

4017: 3830: 3649:

Peter Fearon 1985 The Growth of Aviation in Britain. Journal of Contemporary History Vol. 20 No.1 p. 27

3357: 1626: 1538: 1310: 1230: 801: 709: 562: 478:

were obsolete. The French War Department owned 208. However, by the start of WW1 the Naval Wing of the

295: 4793: 7478: 7316: 7252: 7242: 7237: 6408: 6053: 5596: 5464: 5414: 5156: 2894: 2391: 2363: 1938:, an Anglo-French UCAV currently in development. It will use technology derived from BAE Taranis and 1647: 1458: 1429: 1105: 1087: 1043: 674: 4381: 2459:

was cancelled. The Skylon spaceplane has been positively received by the British government and the

1148: 8302: 8205: 6743: 6498: 6422: 5778: 5581: 5576: 5571: 5566: 5449: 5429: 5419: 5319: 5238: 4631: 4581:"From Concorde to carbonfibres: The story of Airbus in the UK and its potentially uncertain future" 3141: 2990: 2562: 2448: 2429: 1975: 765: 750: 729: 418: 3335: 2279:, a network-enabled anti-ship, anti-tank and anti-ground mini-cruise missile developed by MBDA UK. 8090: 7151: 6738: 6689: 5768: 5611: 5561: 5541: 5521: 5494: 5469: 2351: 2305:, a hypersonic anti-ship / land-attack cruise missile being developed in partnership with France. 1452: 1393: 1387: 1369: 1027: 1023: 957: 307: 228: 204: 200: 6936: 2635:

and also performs in the European hub for the Cirrus SR20 and SR22 final assembly and delivery.

768:

were declared bankrupt,(due to the Treasury demanding payment for excess profits) within months

7885: 7836: 5965: 5683: 5474: 5253: 2890: 2873:

Rolls-Royce's main locations are at Derby, Bristol, Hucknall, Barnoldswick/Burnley, Inchinnan.

2647: 2590: 2286: 2209: 2147: 2128: 2119: 2085: 1604: 1411: 1405: 1375: 1357: 1268: 1068: 969: 602: 275: 256: 121: 3808:

David Edgerton, 2013, England and the Aeroplane – Militarism, Modernity and Machines.pp. 57–58

3799:

David Edgerton, 2013, England and the Aeroplane – Militarism, Modernity and Machines.pp. 55–59

2950:

and the UK's only domestic helicopter manufacturer. Models manufactured at Yeovil include the

2609:

is undertaken from Warton, which is also the development centre within BAE Systems, for UAVs,

2484:

AgustaWestland is an international helicopter manufacturer owned by Leonardo of Italy. In the

2008:, a Royal Navy programme which aims to deliver a carrier-borne UAV for use in roles including 8472: 8406: 8161: 7591: 7581: 7348: 7196: 7063: 7041: 6974: 6778: 6684: 5616: 5546: 5409: 5168: 5093: 3586:

David Edgerton 2013 England and the Aeroplane – Militarism, Modernity and Machines. pp. 22–23

2806: 2528: 2444: 2252: 2058: 1544: 1532: 773: 721: 705: 586: 3748:

David Edgerton 2013 England and the Aeroplane – Militarism, Modernity and Machines.pp. 43–47

2267:, a pan-European beyond visual range (BVR) air-to-air missile. The UK is the lead developer. 8335: 8235: 7571: 7564: 7219: 7156: 7128: 7103: 7098: 7073: 7031: 6833: 6788: 6783: 6612: 5808: 5783: 5651: 5636: 5374: 5339: 5243: 5163: 4996: 4705: 4067:"The Royal Air Force Signed A Contract For Its First Loyal Wingman Unmanned Aerial Vehicle" 2986: 2955: 2939: 2452: 2038: 2031: 1989: 1746: 1699: 1550: 1160: 1152: 754: 662: 537: 520: 360: 144: 140: 69: 4966: 4679: 4488: 4134: 4111: 3517: 2500: 8: 8225: 7191: 7146: 7138: 7083: 6991: 6926: 6617: 5673: 5641: 5526: 5444: 5364: 5203: 5188: 5183: 2810: 2705: 2690: 2467: 2440: 2347: 2270: 2246: 2217: 1949: 1840: 1812: 1805: 1598: 1578: 1489: 1334: 1298: 990: 987: 888: 874: 870: 855:

in his dissenting memorandum in the 1918 Report of the Civil Aerial Transport Committee.

618: 492: 224: 208: 101: 57: 4731: 2966: 2914: 1800:

facilities in Northern Ireland manufacture the composite wings and mid-fuselage for the

8536: 7267: 7257: 7224: 7123: 7093: 6986: 6961: 6921: 6464: 6388: 6344: 5798: 5693: 5688: 5631: 5399: 5344: 5283: 5278: 5213: 5178: 4329: 4210: 4090: 3271: 3006: 2654: 2605: 2409: 2299:, a long range stand-off cruise missile developed in partnership with France and Italy. 2290: 2015: 1876: 1866: 1797: 1784: 1705: 1556: 1328: 1280: 1250: 1215: 1185: 1121: 820: 670: 606: 566: 471: 319: 287: 152: 133: 125: 113: 45: 26: 2585: 8270: 7036: 7006: 6331: 6326: 5803: 5753: 5718: 5459: 5424: 5404: 5298: 2863: 2785:(R&D and integration) and London (management). MBDA's missile programmes include 2682: 2355: 2302: 2185: 2163: 2134: 2074: 1902: 1853: 1752: 1633: 1611: 1191: 1039: 1031: 805: 742: 738: 654: 260: 244: 192: 85: 4185: 4152: 1972:

and ASIO. Most of these have been developed in collaboration with Italian companies.

247:. Major engine families designed and manufactured in the United Kingdom include the 8401: 8028: 7821: 7262: 7211: 7021: 7001: 6439: 6415: 6401: 6374: 5733: 5626: 5621: 5556: 5531: 5516: 5454: 5379: 5354: 5288: 5248: 5151: 5108: 4303: 3014: 2849: 2802: 2790: 2709: 2658: 2315: 2264: 2213: 1983: 1619: 1399: 1256: 838: 831: 640:). Finally, there were several French subsidiary companies who built aero-engines. 531: 32:

Domestic companies with a large presence in the British aerospace industry include

7549: 4653: 4235: 4171: 8297: 8040: 7517: 7438: 6843: 6808: 6798: 6768: 6642: 6494: 6484:

Purchased rights for various Beagle and Handley-Page designs from the liquidator.

6460: 6427: 6381: 6349: 6319: 6304: 6277: 5813: 5793: 5728: 5656: 5606: 5601: 5389: 5369: 5173: 4950: 4880: 4800: 4421: 4159: 4141: 4118: 3887: 3110: 3034: 2935: 2845: 2774: 2027: 1999: 1939: 1923: 1772: 1615: 1563: 1510: 1477: 1440: 1316: 1274: 1262: 1203: 1197: 1179: 1093: 777: 698: 666: 109: 105: 6547: 5934: 1226: 997:

incentive to spend money on developing new, faster and more efficient aircraft.

834:

lowered the operating costs for airlines, making them more economically viable.

708:

set up a Disposal Board and sold the entire surplus stock to a private company,

8340: 7544: 7088: 6828: 6716: 6607: 6602: 6299: 6272: 6267: 5773: 5678: 5646: 5273: 5263: 5146: 5141: 5071: 4399: 3910: 2947: 2923: 2898: 2786: 2729: 2686: 2623: 2594: 2485: 2354:

programme, developed by Thales UK. The AEW variant was also fitted to the UK's

2122: 2112: 1969: 1955: 1816: 1417: 1304: 1057: 1006: 720:

looked at car manufacture and was bought by the Daimler Company parent company

633: 610: 594: 590: 506: 283: 252: 49: 3790:

Oxford Dictionary of National Biography Whittle, Sir Frank by G. B. R. Feilden

649:

sorted out such that there was a steady flow of aircraft, engines and spares.

8525: 8431: 8330: 8282: 8183: 7421: 7201: 6979: 6931: 6911: 6823: 5886: 5876: 5586: 5479: 5349: 2882: 2744: 2725: 2539:. Since 2006 Airbus has also had a small development centre in the Midlands. 2489: 2415: 2093: 2005: 1979: 1733: 1679: 1464: 1244: 1238: 1035: 906: 797: 792:

The Government established a Civil Aerial Transport Committee (that included

769: 658: 248: 232: 7448: 5921: 4359: 3781:

Oxford Dictionary of National Biography Edward Petter, by Anne Pimlott Baker

2769:

is the largest European missile manufacturer, owned by BAE Systems (37.5%),

355: 8426: 7539: 7186: 7058: 6365: 6284: 5748: 5591: 5484: 5314: 5223: 5193: 5126: 5066: 3242:"Boeing 787 Dreamliner handed over to first customer after years of delays" 2794: 2740: 2689:

in Northern Ireland. The company has significant workshares in a number of

2674: 2296: 2233: 1859: 1819:, the forward fuselage, engine nacelles, and horizontal stabiliser for the 1322: 1166: 1072: 1047: 1011: 923: 898: 866: 859: 812: 694: 527: 513: 279: 172: 129: 2140:

Trent 500 is the only engine offered for the Airbus A340-500 and A340-600.

2080: 2018:

develops a family of heavy lift vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) UAVs.

582:, one of the largest produced just over 200 planes between 1910 and 1914. 8421: 8411: 8008: 7230: 7078: 7053: 7046: 6867: 6694: 6444: 6337: 5788: 5506: 5293: 5098: 4943: 4515: 3193: 3085:"Britain's aerospace sector soars amid fears Brexit could clip its wings" 2902: 2694: 2670: 2643: 2601: 2327: 1929: 1898: 1828: 1824: 1820: 1801: 1780: 1776: 1727: 1663: 1592: 1574: 1525: 1495: 1470: 1444: 1363: 1292: 965: 961: 793: 746: 637: 323: 315: 311: 291: 271: 236: 168: 164: 160: 156: 148: 97: 61: 41: 6523:

English Electric Aircraft, a subsidiary of the English Electric Company.

4755:"The SIPRI Top 100 Arms-producing and Military Services Companies, 2017" 3880: 3765: 3763: 3215: 2229: 1345: 433: 6906: 5668: 5324: 4893:"Rolls-Royce Wins $ 2 Billion Air China, Ethiopian Airlines Deals" 3856: 3321:, Stephen Ransom & Robert Fairclough, Putnam, London, 1987, (p.227) 2570: 2536: 2436: 2323: 2282: 2177: 2170: 2052: 1915: 1791: 1710:

2009: First flight of Airbus A400M (wings designed and built in the UK)

1506: 1137: 1099: 852: 725: 678: 345: 212: 196: 188: 184: 180: 73: 6083: 4850:"Behind the scenes at Martin Baker's ejection seat testing department" 4278: 4264: 3555: 3553: 1668:

2005: First flight of Airbus A380 (wings designed and built in the UK)

1588:

1992: First flight of Airbus A330 (wings designed and built in the UK)

1585:

1991: First flight of Airbus A340 (wings designed and built in the UK)

1071:, the research and development organisation under the auspices of the 298:), the first supersonic commercial jet airliner to enter service (the 6793: 5866: 5131: 5076: 3760: 2886: 2782: 2566: 2547: 2516: 2504:

An Airbus A380, the wings and engines of which are produced in the UK

2403: 2173:. It formed the basis for the development of the Trent engine series. 1909: 1657: 1381: 1286: 1111:

1911: Vickers forms aviation department and begins producing aircraft

500: 496: 322:), and the largest commercial aircraft to enter service to date (the 93: 37: 4443: 4040:"Ground-breaking solar powered unmanned aircraft makes first flight" 3017:

subsidiaries has capabilities including avionics, UAVs, simulation.

2970:

An artist's impression of two of the five satellites constructed by

1952:

based in Bedfordshire. It is currently the world's-largest aircraft.

5763: 5551: 5258: 5208: 4603:"Airbus UK 'in danger of losing' more workshare to European rivals" 3550: 2975: 2867: 2678: 2666: 2341: 2319: 1965: 1846: 1483: 1423: 1349: 1209: 341: 299: 176: 2542:

Other Airbus subsidiaries with major operations in the UK include

7841: 5713: 5536: 5268: 5233: 5228: 5118: 5081: 3010: 2910: 2906: 2821: 2685:). The Northern Ireland operations can trace their roots back to 2662: 2628: 2574: 2543: 2524: 2276: 2012:, surveillance, electronic warfare, aerial refuelling and strike. 1880: 1872: 1622:

to develop Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) (now the F-35 Lightning II)

1518: 979: 614: 231:

in which the British aerospace industry has a major role include

81: 65: 7915: 3065:. International Trade Administration U.S. Department of Commerce 2985:

better-known satellites. Originally a spin-out company from the

2848:

is the world's second-largest maker of aircraft engines (behind

2285:, a short-range surface-to-air missile, originally developed by 2070: 310:), the first twin-engined widebody commercial jet airliner (the 6863: 4465:. Space: The Development of Single Stage Flight. Archived from 2994: 2943: 2798: 2778: 2770: 2631:. However, it has now moved production of all aircraft back to 2520: 2512: 2508: 2240: 2042: 1879:(of which Rolls-Royce is the largest shareholder) and Turkey's 983: 975: 479: 303: 117: 89: 33: 4086:"Royal Navy looking at fixed-wing carrier based drone for AEW" 3818:

www.aerosociety.com/news/celebrating-the-centenary-of-the-rae/

1996:(HALE) UAV. The aircraft made a first flight in February 2020. 865:

The Department for Civil Aviation had been created within the

776:

both established new companies, H.G. Hawker Engineering later

8467: 8308:

North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers

7576: 5334: 2858: 2853: 2836: 2712:, with about 10,000 employees, half of which work in the UK. 2627:

manufacture of the airframes, but instead outsourced this to

2532: 2456: 2367: 1968:

has developed a range of small battlefield UAVs, such as the

827: 816: 761: 717: 336: 5026: 3518:"Quantum: Flagship UK telecommunications satellite launches" 3181:

SIPRI Top 100 Arms-Producing and Military Services Companies

2390:

satellite navigation system, intended to rival the American

1607:(forward fuselage, nacelles and HTP manufactured in Belfast) 1050:, both studied mechanical sciences at Cambridge University. 6358: 5384: 5114: 3384:"Airbus to say goodbye to the airplane that started it all" 3334:. Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum. Archived from 2766: 2515:) directly employs around 13,000 people at its UK division 2433: 2350:, the main maritime surveillance radar for the now defunct 1080: 884: 712:, with Frederick Handley Page as one of the key personnel. 286:), the first commercial jet airliner to enter service (the 77: 4752: 3157:"UK: number of people employed in aerospace industry 2020" 2418:, amongst the largest research satellites built in Britain 1978:, an ISTAR UAV developed by Thales UK in partnership with 5198: 2721: 53: 3964:"BAE chosen to assist with Turkey's TFX fighter project" 2243:, a short range air-to-air missile developed by MBDA UK. 636:(originally boat builders) and Pemberton-Billing (later 16:

Overview of the aerospace industry in the United Kingdom

3462: 2840:

An Airbus A400M, which is powered by the Europrop TP400

2750: 2708:, formerly known as Smiths Aerospace, is a division of 330: 7999:

Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council

4236:"SeaSpray 7500E – DETTAGLIO – Leonardo – Finmeccanica" 4186:"SeaSpray 5000E – DETTAGLIO – Leonardo – Finmeccanica" 2989:, Surrey Satellite Technology is now 99% owned by the 1834: 1688:(centre fuselage and nacelles manufactured in Belfast) 1636:(centre fuselage and nacelles manufactured in Belfast) 4965:. Surrey Satellite Technology Limited. Archived from 753:

formed from Cheltenham-based luxury liner outfitters

363:, of which 20,351 were produced between 1938 and 1948 8053:

List of UK government scientific research institutes

3988:. Defense Aerospace. 20 January 2015. Archived from 3024: 2938:

have a workforce of approximately 8,000 and include

2169:

RB211-524 engine is supplied by Rolls-Royce for the

1893: 72:(the world's second-largest maker of aero engines), 7944:

Chief Scientific Adviser to the Ministry of Defence

4915:"GE Urges Lawmakers to Fund Backup Engine for F-35" 4396:"Reaction Engines Ltd – Frequently Asked Questions" 4211:"SeaSpray 7000E – DETAIL – Leonardo – Finmeccanica" 2720:GKN Aerospace is a division of the British company 2657:, employs over 4,000 people across 7 facilities in 1766: 464: 274:), the first jet aircraft to enter service for the 8014:Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council 6084:Timeline of British aerospace companies since 1955 4330:"Atlas 5 rocket selected for Solar Orbiter launch" 4130: 4128: 4126: 3831:"UK's Vertical Aerospace eVTOL makes first flight" 1827:, and the composite horizontal stabiliser for the 1014:, and airfields for flying boats to be redundant. 88:. Foreign companies with a major presence include 7959:Department for Science, Innovation and Technology 7555:Glasgow International Financial Services District 6577: 5964: 1653:2002: Beginning of UAV development at BAE Systems 1060:endowed a chair of aviation at Imperial College. 1034:the inventor and developer of the jet engine and 8523: 8241:Institute of Physics and Engineering in Medicine 5724:Port Victoria Marine Experimental Aircraft Depot 4456: 4436: 4382:"UKSA Reviews Skylon and SABRE at Parabolic Arc" 4358:. Reaction Engines Limited. 2010. Archived from 3319:English Electric Aircraft and their Predecessors 3132:Brien, Philip; Rhodes, Chris (8 November 2017). 2249:, an air-to-ground missile developed by MBDA UK. 1883:on the development of the aircraft's propulsion. 4123: 3950:"Saab to complete Sea Gripen design work in UK" 3511: 3509: 3488:"The aerospace industry: statistics and policy" 3134:"The aerospace industry: statistics and policy" 2220:spaceplane with a planned first flight by 2025. 1108:formed as British and Colonial Aircraft Company 745:, the wartime offshoot of engine manufacturers 8058:Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology 4504: 3925:"Defence Committee Written evidence from Saab" 2961: 2897:respectively), alongside the manufacturing of 8221:British Society for the Philosophy of Science 7901: 6563: 6069: 5950: 5926: 5012: 4327: 3777: 3775: 3270:. Imperial War Museum Duxford. Archived from 2693:aircraft, as well as producing wings for the 2557: 2474: 7917:Science and technology in the United Kingdom 4831:"News Channel – Homepage – flightglobal.com" 4813:"News Channel – Homepage – flightglobal.com" 4771:. Defense News. 28 June 2010. Archived from 4459:"SSTO spaceplane is coming to Great Britain" 4321: 4296: 4279:"PICOSAR – DETAIL – Leonardo – Finmeccanica" 3849: 3506: 2866:engine, which will, however, be produced in 2412:family of military communications satellites 1926:to fulfill its future MALE UAV requirements. 1757:2023: First flight of Vertical Aerospace VX4 4514:. Bristol Spaceplanes. 2014. Archived from 3131: 3063:"United Kingdom – Country Commercial Guide" 1017: 7908: 7894: 6570: 6556: 6076: 6062: 5957: 5943: 5019: 5005: 4761: 4546: 4544: 4344: 4064: 3772: 3358:"Harrier jet's replacement ten years away" 2051:, a significantly improved version of the 1942:. It is expected to enter service by 2030. 8068:Scientific Advisory Group for Emergencies 8034:Science and Technology Facilities Council 7954:Defence Science and Technology Laboratory 6475:Government owned from 1966 to liquidation 5846:Defence Science and Technology Laboratory 5841:Defence Electronics and Components Agency 4512:"Bristol Spaceplanes Company Information" 4489:"Key tests for Skylon spaceplane project" 4013:"Defence back on show – DSEI 2021 report" 3480: 2111:, an Anglo-French co-development for the 1761: 1675:(centre fuselage manufactured in Belfast) 1650:(centre fuselage manufactured in Belfast) 8532:Aerospace industry in the United Kingdom 5028:Aerospace industry in the United Kingdom 4622: 4620: 4501:Mark Hempsell, BIS North 2014 Conference 4450: 4077: 4058: 4010: 4004: 3430: 3174: 2965: 2835: 2642: 2584: 2499: 2228: 2079: 2069: 2026: 1946:Hybrid Air Vehicles HAV 304 Airlander 10 1897: 1722:Hybrid Air Vehicles HAV 304/Airlander 10 1573: 1505: 1439: 1344: 1225: 1147: 354: 348:aerobatics display team for the Queen's 335: 23:aerospace industry of the United Kingdom 8157:National Museum of Science and Industry 8063:Science and Technology Select Committee 6864:2020 Withdrawal from the European Union 6804:Second Industrial Revolution 1860s–1914 6330: 4847: 4575: 4573: 4541: 4083: 4032: 3239: 3055: 2617: 1127:1912: First take off from a moving ship 585:Most of the aviation pioneers, such as 8524: 6433:GEC-Marconi/Marconi Electronic Systems 6431: 6426: 6392: 6369: 6348: 6336: 6312: 6310: 6308: 6106: 6103: 6100: 6097: 5897:Society of British Aerospace Companies 5330:Air Navigation and Engineering Company 3300:from the original on 13 September 2010 3145:. London. BRIEFING PAPER Number 00928. 2826:Defence Evaluation and Research Agency 2700: 657:in Belfast, engineering manufacturer, 623:British and Colonial Aeroplane Company 580:British and Colonial Aeroplane Company 482:had 93 and the Military Wing had 179. 306:combat aircraft to enter service (the 8288:The Association for Science Education 7889: 6551: 6314: 6303: 6109: 6094: 6057: 5938: 5925: 5000: 4617: 4457:Robert Parkinson (22 February 2011). 3404: 3294:"1952: Comet inaugurates the jet age" 3240:Ruddick, Graham (26 September 2011). 2741:Martin-Baker Aircraft Company Limited 2638: 417:As of 2021, about a quarter of large 367: 217:Lockheed Martin C-130J Super Hercules 8499: 8437:Sites of Special Scientific Interest 8326:Campaign for Science and Engineering 8048:Food and Environment Research Agency 8024:Natural Environment Research Council 8004:Economic and Social Research Council 7994:Arts and Humanities Research Council 7870: 7587:London Platinum and Palladium Market 6268:Short Brothers & Harland Limited 4605:. Flight International. 15 July 2010 4583:. Flight International. 11 July 2006 4570: 3515: 3443:from the original on 23 October 2010 3364:from the original on 22 October 2010 3005:Thales Group including its UK-based 2824:was formed from parts of the former 2756:Marshall Aerospace and Defence Group 2751:Marshall Aerospace and Defence Group 1625:1999: British Aerospace merges with 1559:(wings designed and built in the UK) 1528:(wings designed and built in the UK) 1473:(wings designed and built in the UK) 917: 697:was founded and on 1 April 1918 the 428: 421:manufacture takes place in Britain. 5044:Manufacturing in the United Kingdom 4414:"Skylon System Requirements Review" 4065:D'urso, Stefano (27 January 2021). 4011:Robinson, Tim (17 September 2021). 3823: 3820:Retrieved on 14 April 2019 Archived 3433:"Demand Soars Past Indian Aviation" 3431:Banerjee, Devin (11 October 2010). 3386:. Air Transport World. 8 March 2006 3360:. Channel 4 News. 19 October 2010. 2198:emissions and a 60% reduction in NO 1835:Crewed military fixed-wing aircraft 1521:(the UK's last commercial jetliner) 1054:John Siddeley, 1st Baron Kenilworth 993:for his meeting with Adolf Hitler. 950: 13: 7949:Council for Science and Technology 6423:The General Electric Company (GEC) 4895:. Bloomberg News. 14 November 2009 4654:"EADS seeks Surrey Satellite deal" 3405:Feder, Barnaby J. (29 June 1988). 2010:airborne early warning and control 1739: 1695:(fuselage manufactured in Belfast) 1591:1993: Beginning of development of 331:Aerospace Growth Partnership (AGP) 329:2010 saw the establishment of the 14: 8548: 8211:British Mass Spectrometry Society 7817:Confederation of British Industry 7012:Expansion plans for Milton Keynes 6675:Department for Business and Trade 6670:Competition and Markets Authority 5872:Farnborough International Airshow 4985: 2918: 2479: 2398:Disaster Monitoring Constellation 2100:General Electric/Rolls-Royce F136 1894:Civil and military UAVs and UCAVs 887:crash in 1930 and his successor, 787: 290:), the first aircraft capable of 221:Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II 8498: 8487: 8486: 8463:Science and technology magazines 7869: 7860: 7859: 6712:Office for Budget Responsibility 6526: 6517: 6508: 6487: 6478: 6469: 6453: 5908: 5907: 4955: 4937: 4907: 4885: 4867: 4841: 4261:"VIXEN 500E – DETAIL – Selex ES" 4084:Allison, George (2 April 2021). 3986:"ASELSAN Signs MoU with EUROJET" 3027: 2881:Safran's operations include its 2192:International Aero Engines V2500 1948:, a hybrid airship developed by 1767:Crewed civil fixed-wing aircraft 883:Sir Sefton Brancker died in the 465:The early interest in aeroplanes 432: 6648:Governor of the Bank of England 5851:European Aviation Safety Agency 5704:Nieuport & General Aircraft 5699:National Aircraft Factory No. 2 4854:Aerospace Testing International 4823: 4805: 4787: 4769:"Defense News Top 100 for 2009" 4746: 4720: 4694: 4668: 4646: 4595: 4530: 4495: 4481: 4406: 4388: 4374: 4328:Stephen Clark (18 March 2014). 4304:"Space Technology 'made in UK'" 4285: 4271: 4253: 4228: 4203: 4178: 4164: 4146: 4105: 3978: 3966:. Flightglobal. 3 December 2015 3956: 3942: 3917: 3903: 3892: 3874: 3811: 3802: 3793: 3784: 3751: 3742: 3733: 3724: 3715: 3706: 3697: 3688: 3679: 3670: 3661: 3652: 3643: 3634: 3625: 3616: 3607: 3598: 3589: 3580: 3571: 3562: 3541: 3532: 3516:Amos, Jonathan (30 July 2021). 3455: 3424: 3407:"The A320's Fly-by-Wire System" 3398: 3376: 3350: 3324: 3312: 3286: 3260: 3000: 2735: 2216:and is expected to power their 1714: 1640: 1569: 1501: 1435: 1340: 1221: 1172: 1143: 1063:Much work was also done at the 1000: 543: 526:1893: First experimentation by 25:is the second-largest national 7827:Federation of Small Businesses 5709:Norman Thompson Flight Company 5440:British Aircraft Manufacturing 4630:. Airbus S.A.S. Archived from 3463:"Aerospace Growth Partnership" 3233: 3208: 3186: 3149: 3125: 3103: 3077: 3043:List of aircraft manufacturers 2831: 2604:is the world's fourth-largest 2580: 2461:British Interplanetary Society 2422: 2406:satellite manufacture business 2322:). The CAPTOR is based on the 2176:RB211-535 is supplied for the 2022: 1982:of Israel. It is based on the 1042:and, after World War Two, the 627:Aircraft Manufacturing Company 375:UK aerospace industry in 2013 340:A parade flight comprising an 1: 8458:Science and technology awards 7974:Government Office for Science 7926:Economy of the United Kingdom 7597:Alternative Investment Market 7577:London Interbank Offered Rate 7533:List of UK building societies 6579:Economy of the United Kingdom 5759:Seaplane Experimental Station 5739:Rollason Aircraft and Engines 5490:Aeronautical Technical School 5395:William Beardmore and Company 5039:Economy of the United Kingdom 4921:. 27 May 2010. Archived from 4848:Sampson, Ben (2 March 2022). 3048: 2743:is a British manufacturer of 2381: 782:De Havilland Aircraft Company 688: 516:'s first balloon, the Pioneer 391:Economic contribution (£ Bn.) 8246:Royal Academy of Engineering 8231:Geological Society of London 7969:Intellectual Property Office 7812:British Chambers of Commerce 7807:British Bankers' Association 6503:Armstrong Whitworth Aircraft 6440:The English Electric Company 6394:British Aircraft Corporation 5744:Royal Aircraft Establishment 5435:British Aircraft Corporation 5360:Armstrong Whitworth Aircraft 3952:. Flightglobal. 24 May 2011. 3467:Aerospace Growth Partnership 3183:SIPRI. Retrieved 2019-12-18. 2495: 2374:nautical miles (65 km). 2049:AgustaWestland AW159 Wildcat 1994:High-altitude long endurance 1887:Aeralis Advanced Jet Trainer 1132:Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.2 1065:Royal Aircraft Establishment 945: 749:and Gloucestershire, later, 643: 572: 44:(the world's fourth-largest 7: 8453:Innovations and discoveries 8261:Royal Entomological Society 8216:British Science Association 7984:National Technology Advisor 6700:Chancellor of the Exchequer 6680:Financial Conduct Authority 5137:British Airways Engineering 5087:Surrey Satellite Technology 3020: 2982:Surrey Satellite Technology 2972:Surrey Satellite Technology 2962:Surrey Satellite Technology 2929: 2552:Surrey Satellite Technology 2224: 905:In 1936 transport engineer 845: 557:British Army Aeroplane No 1 551:British Army Dirigible No 1 485: 10: 8553: 8293:Royal Society of Chemistry 8266:Royal Geographical Society 8256:Royal Astronomical Society 8251:Royal Aeronautical Society 7989:UK Research and Innovation 7847:UK Payments Administration 6799:New Imperialism 1830s–1945 6623:Government-owned companies 6450: 6438: 6421: 6325: 6292: 6290: 6283: 6276: 6271: 6266: 5892:Royal Aeronautical Society 5502:Desoutter Aircraft Company 5465:Clayton & Shuttleworth 4491:. BBC News. 27 April 2012. 4444:"Reaction Engines Limited" 4356:Frequently Asked Questions 4172:"UAV Engines :: Home" 4018:Royal Aeronautical Society 3216:"Rolls-Royce – What we do" 2889:subsidiaries (now renamed 2816: 2558:Airbus Defence & Space 2475:Current major participants 2432:is currently developing a 2065: 1627:Marconi Electronic Systems 1539:British Aerospace Hawk 200 1311:English Electric Lightning 1231:English Electric Lightning 802:Secretary of State for Air 710:Aircraft Disposals Company 563:De Havilland Biplane No. 1 512:1879: First flight of the 505:1875: First flight of the 424: 296:English Electric Lightning 8481: 8445: 8394: 8353: 8316: 8194: 8142: 8131: 8076: 7932: 7923: 7855: 7790: 7607: 7506: 7371: 7364: 7280: 7210: 7137: 7112: 6960: 6949: 6922:National champions policy 6917:Recessions and recoveries 6894: 6834:1979 Winter of Discontent 6769:1659–1849 Navigation Acts 6761: 6752: 6744:UK Trade & Investment 6653:Monetary Policy Committee 6631: 6585: 6443: 6414: 6407: 6400: 6387: 6380: 6373: 6364: 6357: 6353:Hawker Siddeley Dynamics 6343: 6318: 6298: 6294: 6288: 6089: 5973: 5932: 5927:Links to related articles 5905: 5859: 5826: 5597:Hants and Sussex Aviation 5512:Dunlop Standard Aerospace 5415:Bristol Aeroplane Company 5307: 5059: 5052: 5034: 4730:. Astrium. Archived from 4704:. Astrium. Archived from 4678:. Astrium. Archived from 4554:. EADS UK. Archived from 3111:"Our Sectors – Aerospace" 2895:Safran Helicopter Engines 2876: 2492:and the AW139 and AW149. 2364:United States Coast Guard 2309: 1673:Bombardier Challenger 605 1648:Bombardier Challenger 300 1459:Britten-Norman Trislander 1430:Scottish Aviation Bulldog 1424:Aérospatiale/BAC Concorde 1350:Aérospatiale-BAC Concorde 1106:Bristol Aeroplane Company 1088:British Army Airship Beta 1044:English Electric Canberra 675:Sunbeam Motor Car Company 491:1862: First flight of an 419:communications satellites 342:Aérospatiale-BAC Concorde 318:commercial aircraft (the 300:Aérospatiale-BAC Concorde 8303:Royal Society of Biology 8206:British Computer Society 8019:Medical Research Council 7979:Chief Scientific Adviser 6859:2009 bank rescue package 6854:2008 bank rescue package 6819:1929–39 Great Depression 6690:HM Revenue & Customs 6598:Employee-owned companies 6499:Gloster Aircraft Company 6350:Hawker Siddeley Aviation 5836:Civil Aviation Authority 5779:Sopwith Aviation Company 5582:Gloster Aircraft Company 5577:General Electric Company 5567:Garland Aircraft Company 5450:Central Aircraft Company 5430:British Aircraft Company 5420:British Aerial Transport 5320:Abbott-Baynes Sailplanes 4799:21 November 2007 at the 4656:. BBC News. 7 April 2008 4140:21 November 2008 at the 4117:21 November 2008 at the 3296:. BBC News. 2 May 1952. 3142:House of Commons Library 2991:Airbus Defence and Space 2563:Airbus Defence and Space 2449:Reaction Engines Limited 2430:Reaction Engines Limited 2084:A Boeing 787 powered by 1976:Thales Watchkeeper WK450 1936:Future Combat Air System 1691:2008: Delivery of first 1018:Research and Development 766:Sopwith Aviation Company 751:Gloster Aircraft Company 302:), the first fixed-wing 229:unmanned aerial vehicles 8091:British space programme 7027:List of counties by GVA 6809:1873–79 Long Depression 6774:Agricultural Revolution 6739:UK Statistics Authority 5769:SELEX Sistemi Integrati 5642:Lindstrand Technologies 5612:Heston Aircraft Company 5562:Foster, Wikner Aircraft 5542:Fairey Aviation Company 5522:Edgar Percival Aircraft 5470:Comper Aircraft Company 4879:24 October 2007 at the 4628:"Centres of excellence" 4158:15 October 2007 at the 3886:16 January 2010 at the 3437:The Wall Street Journal 3013:), Thales Avionics and 2761: 2451:, a company founded by 2356:Westland Sea King AsaC7 2206:Army's Watchkeeper UAV. 1850:"Advanced Jet Trainer". 1811:), alongside parts for 1453:Britten-Norman Defender 1394:Hawker Siddeley Harrier 1388:Britten-Norman Islander 1376:Hawker Siddeley Kestrel 1370:Hawker Siddeley Trident 1028:Imperial College London 1024:University of Cambridge 958:De Havilland Gipsy Moth 308:Hawker Siddeley Harrier 205:Britten-Norman Islander 201:Britten-Norman Defender 7837:Institute of Directors 7802:Business organisations 7727:Science and technology 7620:International students 7332:Working Time Directive 6705:Debt Management Office 6273:Short Brothers Limited 5684:Moss Brothers Aircraft 5617:Hewlett & Blondeau 5475:Cunliffe-Owen Aircraft 5254:Safran Landing Systems 5104:Military Air Solutions 4949:14 August 2007 at the 4919:Bloomberg Businessweek 4537:Gileschichestermep.org 2978: 2891:Safran Landing Systems 2841: 2715: 2653:The American company, 2650: 2648:Bombardier Global 5000 2597: 2589:BAE Systems campus in 2573:(1,400 employees) and 2505: 2443:with funding from The 2287:Shorts Missile Systems 2236: 2210:Reaction Engines SABRE 2148:Engine Alliance GP7200 2129:Rolls-Royce LiftSystem 2120:Europrop International 2089: 2086:Rolls-Royce Trent 1000 2077: 2034: 1920:Certifiable Predator B 1905: 1762:Current major projects 1751:2021: First flight of 1745:2020: First flight of 1732:2018: First flight of 1726:2013: First flight of 1720:2012: First flight of 1704:2009: First flight of 1698:2009: First flight of 1693:Bombardier Q400NextGen 1684:2008: First flight of 1678:2007: First flight of 1671:2006: Introduction of 1662:2004: First flight of 1656:2004: First flight of 1646:2001: First flight of 1632:1999: First flight of 1605:Bombardier Global 5000 1603:1996: First flight of 1597:1994: First flight of 1581: 1562:1988: First flight of 1555:1987: First flight of 1549:1987: First flight of 1543:1986: First flight of 1537:1986: First flight of 1531:1986: First flight of 1524:1982: First flight of 1517:1981: First flight of 1513: 1494:1979: First flight of 1488:1979: First flight of 1482:1974: First flight of 1476:1974: First flight of 1469:1972: First flight of 1463:1971: First flight of 1457:1971: First flight of 1451:1970: First flight of 1447: 1428:1969: First flight of 1422:1969: First flight of 1416:1968: First flight of 1412:Handley Page Jetstream 1410:1967: First flight of 1406:Hawker Siddeley Nimrod 1404:1967: First flight of 1398:1967: First flight of 1392:1967: First flight of 1386:1965: First flight of 1380:1964: First flight of 1374:1964: First flight of 1368:1962: First flight of 1362:1962: First flight of 1358:Hawker Siddeley P.1127 1356:1960: First flight of 1352: 1333:1958: First flight of 1327:1957: First flight of 1321:1955: First flight of 1315:1954: First flight of 1309:1954: First flight of 1303:1954: First flight of 1297:1952: First flight of 1291:1952: First flight of 1285:1952: First flight of 1279:1951: First flight of 1273:1951: First flight of 1269:De Havilland Sea Vixen 1267:1951: First flight of 1261:1951: First flight of 1255:1950: First flight of 1249:1950: First flight of 1243:1950: First flight of 1237:1950: First flight of 1233: 1214:1949: First Flight of 1208:1949: First Flight of 1202:1949: First flight of 1196:1949: First flight of 1190:1948: First flight of 1184:1947: First flight of 1178:1946: First flight of 1165:1944: First flight of 1159:1943: First flight of 1155: 1136:1912: First flight of 1130:1912: First flight of 1116:Admiralty Airship No 1 1114:1911: First flight of 1098:1910: First flight of 1092:1910: First flight of 1086:1910: First flight of 1069:Farnborough, Hampshire 970:Sir Francis Chichester 693:On 2 January 1918 the 603:Frederick Handley Page 578:not very substantial, 561:1909: First flight of 555:1908: First flight of 549:1907: First flight of 536:1896: First flight of 509:, a tethered aeroplane 364: 352: 257:Rolls-Royce LiftSystem 122:Safran Landing Systems 8473:National Science Week 8407:East London Tech City 8162:National Space Centre 7832:Industry trade groups 7592:London Stock Exchange 7582:London Metal Exchange 7349:Trades Union Congress 7042:East London Tech City 6886:Cost-of-living crisis 6824:1948–52 Marshall Plan 6779:Industrial Revolution 6463:; since 2019 part of 5652:M. B. Arpin & Co. 5547:Fane Aircraft Company 5410:Boulton Paul Aircraft 5169:Dunlop Aircraft Tyres 5094:Babcock International 4992:SBAC official website 2969: 2934:The UK businesses of 2844:The UK-headquartered 2839: 2646: 2600:The UK-headquartered 2588: 2503: 2490:Super and Future Lynx 2445:European Space Agency 2232: 2106:Rolls-Royce Turbomeca 2083: 2075:Rolls-Royce Trent 900 2073: 2059:AgustaWestland Apache 2030: 1901: 1577: 1545:British Aerospace ATP 1533:British Aerospace EAP 1509: 1443: 1348: 1229: 1151: 774:Geoffrey de Havilland 755:H.H. Martyn & Co. 722:Birmingham Small Arms 706:Ministry of Munitions 587:Geoffrey de Havilland 358: 344:and BAE Hawks of the 339: 314:), the first digital 227:. Current and future 8336:Science Media Centre 8236:Institute of Physics 7626:Entertainment & 6849:Late-2000s recession 6844:1992 Black Wednesday 6784:Financial Revolution 6613:FTSE Fledgling Index 5809:Westland Helicopters 5637:Lakes Flying Company 5375:Austin Motor Company 5340:The Airscrew Company 4925:on 13 September 2011 4424:on 26 September 2010 2987:University of Surrey 2946:), the successor to 2940:Leonardo Helicopters 2624:Britten-Norman Group 2618:Britten-Norman Group 2039:AgustaWestland AW101 2032:AgustaWestland AW101 1990:BAE Systems PHASA-35 1922:from the U.S.-based 1747:BAE Systems PHASA-35 1700:AgustaWestland AW159 1161:De Havilland Vampire 1153:de Havilland Vampire 1038:the designer of the 663:Austin Motor Company 538:Frost Airship Glider 521:Army Balloon Factory 396:% of economic output 361:Supermarine Spitfire 265:Rolls-Royce UltraFan 241:HAV 304 Airlander 10 141:AgustaWestland AW101 8226:Engineering Council 7964:Building Digital UK 7322:Equal opportunities 6927:Economic liberalism 6829:1974 Three-Day Week 6814:1926 general strike 6618:FTSE SmallCap Index 6428:The Marconi Company 5694:Nash & Thompson 5689:D. Napier & Son 5674:Matra Marconi Space 5527:Elliotts of Newbury 5204:Hybrid Air Vehicles 5189:GE Aviation Systems 5184:General Dynamics UK 5179:Finmeccanica UK Ltd 4734:on 21 February 2013 4469:on 23 February 2011 4240:leonardocompany.com 4215:leonardocompany.com 4190:leonardocompany.com 3992:on 16 February 2015 3861:Eurofighter Typhoon 2706:GE Aviation Systems 2701:GE Aviation Systems 2569:(1,200 employees), 2468:Bristol Spaceplanes 1950:Hybrid Air Vehicles 1841:Eurofighter Typhoon 1813:Bombardier Aviation 1629:to form BAE Systems 1599:Eurofighter Typhoon 1579:Eurofighter Typhoon 1564:BAE Sea Harrier FA2 1511:BAE Sea Harrier FA2 1490:Panavia Tornado ADV 1335:Blackburn Buccaneer 1299:Handley Page Victor 991:Lockheed 10 Electra 988:British Airways Ltd 889:Francis Shelmerdine 875:Sir Sefton Brancker 871:Sir Frederick Sykes 671:D. Napier & Son 619:Armstrong Whitworth 493:observation balloon 225:BAE Systems Tempest 209:Eurofighter Typhoon 102:GE Aviation Systems 58:Hybrid Air Vehicles 8386:Technology writers 8276:Christmas Lectures 8123:Telecommunications 8108:Nuclear technology 7737:Telecommunications 6902:Economic geography 6465:Spirit AeroSystems 6389:Vickers-Armstrongs 6278:Short Brothers plc 5966:Aerospace industry 5799:Vickers-Armstrongs 5719:Parnall & Sons 5662:Electronic Systems 5632:Kingsbury Aviation 5405:Boulton & Paul 5400:Blackburn Aircraft 5345:Airship Industries 5284:Thales Air Defence 5219:Marshall Aerospace 5214:Lockheed Martin UK 5157:Technical Services 5082:Astrium Satellites 4634:on 10 January 2010 4558:on 3 December 2010 4091:UK Defence Journal 4046:. 17 February 2020 3411:The New York Times 3194:"Top 100 for 2015" 3007:Thales Air Defence 2979: 2842: 2655:Spirit AeroSystems 2651: 2639:Spirit AeroSystems 2606:defence contractor 2598: 2506: 2334:Euroradar CAPTOR-E 2291:Thales Air Defence 2237: 2090: 2078: 2035: 2016:Malloy Aeronautics 1906: 1867:Saab JAS 39 Gripen 1798:Spirit AeroSystems 1785:Airbus A320 family 1706:BAE Systems Mantis 1686:Bombardier CRJ1000 1582: 1514: 1448: 1353: 1329:Saunders-Roe SR.53 1281:Handley Page HP.88 1251:Boulton Paul P.111 1234: 1216:De Havilland Comet 1186:De Havilland Venom 1156: 1122:Royal Flying Corps 982:and Dutch company 821:Blackburn Aircraft 739:Boulton & Paul 567:Short No.1 biplane 472:Royal Flying Corps 444:. You can help by 386:No. of enterprises 368:General statistics 365: 353: 288:de Havilland Comet 134:Thales Air Defence 126:Spirit AeroSystems 114:Lockheed Martin UK 46:defence contractor 27:aerospace industry 8519: 8518: 8513: 8512: 8349: 8348: 8271:Royal Institution 7883: 7882: 7786: 7785: 7565:Lloyd's of London 7276: 7275: 7248:Industrialisation 7162:Industrialisation 6945: 6944: 6874:COVID-19 pandemic 6794:1815–46 Corn Laws 6545: 6544: 6540: 6539: 6332:British Aerospace 6327:Scottish Aviation 6051: 6050: 5919: 5918: 5829:regulatory bodies 5822: 5821: 5804:Westland Aircraft 5754:Scottish Aviation 5460:Chrislea Aircraft 5425:British Aerospace 5299:Ultra Electronics 5132:Boeing Defence UK 4463:The Global Herald 4332:. Spaceflight Now 4267:on 13 April 2015. 3274:on 17 August 2010 2846:Rolls-Royce Group 2728:, where it has a 2683:Prestwick Airport 2633:Daedalus Airfield 2577:(120 employees). 2511:(a subsidiary of 2234:MBDA Storm Shadow 2164:Rolls-Royce RB211 2135:Rolls-Royce Trent 1903:BAE Systems HERTI 1854:F-35 Lightning II 1753:Rolls-Royce ACCEL 1634:Bombardier CRJ700 1612:British Aerospace 1192:Supermarine Swift 1040:Westland Lysander 1032:Sir Frank Whittle 918:Military aviation 806:Winston Churchill 743:Westland Aircraft 655:Harland and Wolff 462: 461: 415: 414: 261:Rolls-Royce Trent 245:Watchkeeper WK450 193:Bombardier CRJ700 86:Ultra Electronics 8544: 8502: 8501: 8490: 8489: 8402:Burlington House 8140: 8139: 8118:Renewable energy 8029:Research England 7910: 7903: 7896: 7887: 7886: 7873: 7872: 7863: 7862: 7822:Co-operatives UK 7412:Hydroelectricity 7387:Renewable energy 7369: 7368: 7253:Renewable energy 7234: 7182:Renewable energy 6970:Atlantic Gateway 6958: 6957: 6789:Panic of 1796–97 6759: 6758: 6572: 6565: 6558: 6549: 6548: 6533: 6530: 6524: 6521: 6515: 6512: 6506: 6491: 6485: 6482: 6476: 6473: 6467: 6457: 6402:English Electric 6092: 6091: 6078: 6071: 6064: 6055: 6054: 5959: 5952: 5945: 5936: 5935: 5923: 5922: 5911: 5910: 5784:Spartan Aircraft 5734:Reid and Sigrist 5627:Hunting Aircraft 5622:Hordern-Richmond 5572:General Aircraft 5557:Folland Aircraft 5532:English Electric 5455:Chilton Aircraft 5380:Aviation Traders 5355:Airwork Services 5289:Thales Optronics 5239:Reaction Engines 5109:Eurofighter GmbH 5057: 5056: 5021: 5014: 5007: 4998: 4997: 4979: 4978: 4976: 4974: 4959: 4953: 4941: 4935: 4934: 4932: 4930: 4911: 4905: 4904: 4902: 4900: 4889: 4883: 4871: 4865: 4864: 4862: 4860: 4845: 4839: 4838: 4835:Flightglobal.com 4827: 4821: 4820: 4817:Flightglobal.com 4809: 4803: 4791: 4785: 4784: 4782: 4780: 4765: 4759: 4758: 4750: 4744: 4743: 4741: 4739: 4724: 4718: 4717: 4715: 4713: 4698: 4692: 4691: 4689: 4687: 4672: 4666: 4665: 4663: 4661: 4650: 4644: 4643: 4641: 4639: 4624: 4615: 4614: 4612: 4610: 4599: 4593: 4592: 4590: 4588: 4577: 4568: 4567: 4565: 4563: 4548: 4539: 4534: 4528: 4527: 4525: 4523: 4508: 4502: 4499: 4493: 4492: 4485: 4479: 4478: 4476: 4474: 4454: 4448: 4447: 4440: 4434: 4433: 4431: 4429: 4420:. 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Archived from 4257: 4251: 4250: 4248: 4246: 4232: 4226: 4225: 4223: 4221: 4207: 4201: 4200: 4198: 4196: 4182: 4176: 4175: 4168: 4162: 4150: 4144: 4132: 4121: 4109: 4103: 4102: 4100: 4098: 4081: 4075: 4074: 4062: 4056: 4055: 4053: 4051: 4036: 4030: 4029: 4027: 4025: 4008: 4002: 4001: 3999: 3997: 3982: 3976: 3975: 3973: 3971: 3960: 3954: 3953: 3946: 3940: 3939: 3937: 3935: 3921: 3915: 3914: 3907: 3901: 3896: 3890: 3878: 3872: 3871: 3869: 3867: 3853: 3847: 3846: 3844: 3842: 3827: 3821: 3815: 3809: 3806: 3800: 3797: 3791: 3788: 3782: 3779: 3770: 3767: 3758: 3755: 3749: 3746: 3740: 3737: 3731: 3728: 3722: 3719: 3713: 3710: 3704: 3701: 3695: 3692: 3686: 3683: 3677: 3674: 3668: 3665: 3659: 3656: 3650: 3647: 3641: 3638: 3632: 3629: 3623: 3620: 3614: 3611: 3605: 3602: 3596: 3593: 3587: 3584: 3578: 3575: 3569: 3566: 3560: 3557: 3548: 3545: 3539: 3536: 3530: 3529: 3527: 3525: 3513: 3504: 3503: 3501: 3499: 3484: 3478: 3477: 3475: 3473: 3459: 3453: 3452: 3450: 3448: 3428: 3422: 3421: 3419: 3417: 3402: 3396: 3395: 3393: 3391: 3380: 3374: 3373: 3371: 3369: 3354: 3348: 3347: 3345: 3343: 3338:on 13 March 2012 3328: 3322: 3316: 3310: 3309: 3307: 3305: 3290: 3284: 3283: 3281: 3279: 3268:"Gloster Meteor" 3264: 3258: 3257: 3255: 3253: 3237: 3231: 3230: 3228: 3226: 3212: 3206: 3205: 3203: 3201: 3190: 3184: 3178: 3172: 3171: 3169: 3167: 3153: 3147: 3146: 3138: 3129: 3123: 3122: 3120: 3118: 3107: 3101: 3100: 3098: 3096: 3081: 3075: 3074: 3072: 3070: 3059: 3037: 3032: 3031: 3030: 3015:Thales Optronics 2850:General Electric 2730:carbon composite 2710:General Electric 2659:Northern Ireland 2428:British company 2348:Searchwater 2000 2316:Euroradar CAPTOR 2214:Reaction Engines 1620:Northrop Grumman 1400:BAC Strikemaster 1257:Percival Provost 1030:. For instance, 839:Imperial Airways 832:Handley Page W.8 599:Robert Blackburn 532:man-lifting kite 457: 454: 436: 429: 381:Turnover (£ Bn.) 372: 371: 84:subsidiary) and 8552: 8551: 8547: 8546: 8545: 8543: 8542: 8541: 8522: 8521: 8520: 8515: 8514: 8509: 8477: 8441: 8390: 8376:Science writers 8371:Nobel laureates 8345: 8312: 8298:Science Council 8198: 8196: 8190: 8179:Golden triangle 8152:Science museums 8144: 8135: 8133: 8127: 8078: 8072: 8041:UK Space Agency 7936: 7934: 7928: 7919: 7914: 7884: 7879: 7851: 7794: 7792: 7782: 7690:Pharmaceuticals 7603: 7518:Baltic Exchange 7509: 7502: 7374: 7360: 7282: 7272: 7228: 7206: 7133: 7115: 7108: 6953: 6951: 6941: 6937:Nationalisation 6890: 6748: 6643:Bank of England 6635: 6633: 6627: 6581: 6576: 6546: 6541: 6536: 6531: 6527: 6522: 6518: 6513: 6509: 6495:Hawker Aircraft 6492: 6488: 6483: 6479: 6474: 6470: 6461:Bombardier Inc. 6458: 6454: 6382:Hawker Siddeley 6352: 6305:Beagle Aircraft 6085: 6082: 6052: 6047: 5969: 5963: 5928: 5920: 5915: 5901: 5855: 5828: 5818: 5814:J. Samuel White 5729:Lang Propellers 5657:Marconi Company 5607:Hawker Siddeley 5602:Hawker Aircraft 5390:Beagle Aircraft 5303: 5279:Telespazio VEGA 5174:Europa Aircraft 5048: 5030: 5025: 4988: 4983: 4982: 4972: 4970: 4969:on 16 July 2011 4961: 4960: 4956: 4951:Wayback Machine 4942: 4938: 4928: 4926: 4913: 4912: 4908: 4898: 4896: 4891: 4890: 4886: 4881:Wayback Machine 4872: 4868: 4858: 4856: 4846: 4842: 4829: 4828: 4824: 4811: 4810: 4806: 4801:Wayback Machine 4792: 4788: 4778: 4776: 4767: 4766: 4762: 4751: 4747: 4737: 4735: 4726: 4725: 4721: 4711: 4709: 4708:on 14 July 2010 4700: 4699: 4695: 4685: 4683: 4682:on 14 July 2010 4674: 4673: 4669: 4659: 4657: 4652: 4651: 4647: 4637: 4635: 4626: 4625: 4618: 4608: 4606: 4601: 4600: 4596: 4586: 4584: 4579: 4578: 4571: 4561: 4559: 4550: 4549: 4542: 4535: 4531: 4521: 4519: 4510: 4509: 4505: 4500: 4496: 4487: 4486: 4482: 4472: 4470: 4455: 4451: 4442: 4441: 4437: 4427: 4425: 4418:UK Space Agency 4412: 4411: 4407: 4402:on 2 June 2015. 4394: 4393: 4389: 4380: 4379: 4375: 4365: 4363: 4350: 4349: 4345: 4335: 4333: 4326: 4322: 4312: 4310: 4302: 4301: 4297: 4290: 4286: 4277: 4276: 4272: 4259: 4258: 4254: 4244: 4242: 4234: 4233: 4229: 4219: 4217: 4209: 4208: 4204: 4194: 4192: 4184: 4183: 4179: 4170: 4169: 4165: 4160:Wayback Machine 4151: 4147: 4142:Wayback Machine 4135:Rolls-Royce.com 4133: 4124: 4119:Wayback Machine 4112:Rolls-Royce.com 4110: 4106: 4096: 4094: 4082: 4078: 4071:The Aviationist 4063: 4059: 4049: 4047: 4038: 4037: 4033: 4023: 4021: 4009: 4005: 3995: 3993: 3984: 3983: 3979: 3969: 3967: 3962: 3961: 3957: 3948: 3947: 3943: 3933: 3931: 3923: 3922: 3918: 3909: 3908: 3904: 3897: 3893: 3888:Wayback Machine 3879: 3875: 3865: 3863: 3855: 3854: 3850: 3840: 3838: 3829: 3828: 3824: 3816: 3812: 3807: 3803: 3798: 3794: 3789: 3785: 3780: 3773: 3768: 3761: 3756: 3752: 3747: 3743: 3738: 3734: 3729: 3725: 3720: 3716: 3711: 3707: 3702: 3698: 3693: 3689: 3684: 3680: 3675: 3671: 3666: 3662: 3657: 3653: 3648: 3644: 3639: 3635: 3630: 3626: 3621: 3617: 3612: 3608: 3603: 3599: 3594: 3590: 3585: 3581: 3576: 3572: 3567: 3563: 3558: 3551: 3546: 3542: 3537: 3533: 3523: 3521: 3514: 3507: 3497: 3495: 3494:. HM Government 3486: 3485: 3481: 3471: 3469: 3461: 3460: 3456: 3446: 3444: 3429: 3425: 3415: 3413: 3403: 3399: 3389: 3387: 3382: 3381: 3377: 3367: 3365: 3356: 3355: 3351: 3341: 3339: 3330: 3329: 3325: 3317: 3313: 3303: 3301: 3292: 3291: 3287: 3277: 3275: 3266: 3265: 3261: 3251: 3249: 3238: 3234: 3224: 3222: 3214: 3213: 3209: 3199: 3197: 3192: 3191: 3187: 3179: 3175: 3165: 3163: 3155: 3154: 3150: 3136: 3130: 3126: 3116: 3114: 3109: 3108: 3104: 3094: 3092: 3083: 3082: 3078: 3068: 3066: 3061: 3060: 3056: 3051: 3035:Aviation portal 3033: 3028: 3026: 3023: 3003: 2964: 2948:AugustaWestland 2932: 2921: 2879: 2834: 2819: 2764: 2753: 2738: 2718: 2703: 2687:Shorts Brothers 2641: 2620: 2583: 2560: 2523:in the city of 2498: 2482: 2477: 2425: 2384: 2312: 2227: 2201: 2180:and Boeing 767. 2068: 2025: 2000:Spirit Mosquito 1940:Dassault nEUROn 1924:General Atomics 1896: 1837: 1773:Airbus A350 XWB 1769: 1764: 1742: 1740:2020 to present 1734:Airbus Zephyr S 1717: 1643: 1616:Lockheed Martin 1572: 1504: 1478:Panavia Tornado 1438: 1343: 1317:BAC Jet Provost 1275:Vickers Valiant 1263:Gloster Javelin 1224: 1204:Vickers Varsity 1198:Avro Shackleton 1180:Westland Wyvern 1175: 1146: 1094:Bristol Boxkite 1020: 1003: 953: 948: 920: 848: 790: 778:Hawker Aircraft 699:Royal Air Force 691: 667:Daimler Company 646: 575: 546: 488: 467: 458: 452: 449: 442:needs expansion 427: 370: 110:Lockheed Martin 17: 12: 11: 5: 8550: 8540: 8539: 8534: 8517: 8516: 8511: 8510: 8508: 8507: 8495: 8482: 8479: 8478: 8476: 8475: 8470: 8465: 8460: 8455: 8449: 8447: 8443: 8442: 8440: 8439: 8434: 8429: 8424: 8419: 8414: 8409: 8404: 8398: 8396: 8392: 8391: 8389: 8388: 8383: 8378: 8373: 8368: 8363: 8357: 8355: 8351: 8350: 8347: 8346: 8344: 8343: 8341:Wellcome Trust 8338: 8333: 8328: 8322: 8320: 8314: 8313: 8311: 8310: 8305: 8300: 8295: 8290: 8285: 8280: 8279: 8278: 8268: 8263: 8258: 8253: 8248: 8243: 8238: 8233: 8228: 8223: 8218: 8213: 8208: 8202: 8200: 8192: 8191: 8189: 8188: 8187: 8186: 8181: 8176: 8166: 8165: 8164: 8159: 8148: 8146: 8137: 8129: 8128: 8126: 8125: 8120: 8115: 8113:Pharmaceutical 8110: 8105: 8100: 8095: 8094: 8093: 8082: 8080: 8074: 8073: 8071: 8070: 8065: 8060: 8055: 8050: 8045: 8044: 8043: 8038: 8037: 8036: 8031: 8026: 8021: 8016: 8011: 8006: 8001: 7996: 7986: 7981: 7976: 7971: 7966: 7956: 7951: 7946: 7940: 7938: 7930: 7929: 7924: 7921: 7920: 7913: 7912: 7905: 7898: 7890: 7881: 7880: 7878: 7877: 7867: 7856: 7853: 7852: 7850: 7849: 7844: 7839: 7834: 7829: 7824: 7819: 7814: 7809: 7804: 7798: 7796: 7788: 7787: 7784: 7783: 7781: 7780: 7779: 7778: 7777: 7776: 7771: 7761: 7751: 7746: 7741: 7740: 7739: 7734: 7724: 7723: 7722: 7717: 7712: 7707: 7699: 7698: 7697: 7692: 7687: 7682: 7672: 7670:Legal services 7667: 7662: 7661: 7660: 7655: 7650: 7645: 7640: 7635: 7624: 7623: 7622: 7611: 7609: 7605: 7604: 7602: 7601: 7600: 7599: 7589: 7584: 7579: 7574: 7569: 7568: 7567: 7557: 7552: 7550:Euronext.liffe 7547: 7542: 7537: 7536: 7535: 7530: 7520: 7514: 7512: 7504: 7503: 7501: 7500: 7499: 7498: 7493: 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6786: 6781: 6776: 6771: 6765: 6763: 6756: 6750: 6749: 6747: 6746: 6741: 6736: 6731: 6730: 6729: 6724: 6717:Pound sterling 6714: 6709: 6708: 6707: 6702: 6692: 6687: 6682: 6677: 6672: 6667: 6662: 6657: 6656: 6655: 6650: 6639: 6637: 6629: 6628: 6626: 6625: 6620: 6615: 6610: 6608:FTSE 250 Index 6605: 6603:FTSE 100 Index 6600: 6595: 6589: 6587: 6583: 6582: 6575: 6574: 6567: 6560: 6552: 6543: 6542: 6538: 6537: 6535: 6534: 6525: 6516: 6507: 6486: 6477: 6468: 6451: 6448: 6447: 6442: 6436: 6435: 6430: 6425: 6419: 6418: 6412: 6411: 6405: 6404: 6398: 6397: 6391: 6385: 6384: 6378: 6377: 6371: 6370: 6368: 6362: 6361: 6355: 6354: 6347: 6341: 6340: 6335: 6329: 6323: 6322: 6316: 6315: 6313: 6311: 6309: 6307: 6302: 6296: 6295: 6293: 6291: 6289: 6287: 6281: 6280: 6275: 6270: 6264: 6263: 6260: 6257: 6254: 6251: 6248: 6245: 6242: 6239: 6236: 6233: 6230: 6227: 6224: 6221: 6218: 6215: 6212: 6209: 6206: 6203: 6200: 6197: 6194: 6191: 6188: 6185: 6182: 6179: 6176: 6173: 6170: 6167: 6164: 6161: 6158: 6155: 6152: 6149: 6146: 6143: 6140: 6137: 6134: 6131: 6128: 6125: 6122: 6119: 6116: 6112: 6111: 6108: 6105: 6102: 6099: 6096: 6090: 6087: 6086: 6081: 6080: 6073: 6066: 6058: 6049: 6048: 6046: 6045: 6043:United Kingdom 6040: 6035: 6030: 6025: 6020: 6015: 6010: 6005: 6000: 5995: 5990: 5985: 5980: 5974: 5971: 5970: 5962: 5961: 5954: 5947: 5939: 5933: 5930: 5929: 5917: 5916: 5906: 5903: 5902: 5900: 5899: 5894: 5889: 5884: 5879: 5874: 5869: 5863: 5861: 5860:Related topics 5857: 5856: 5854: 5853: 5848: 5843: 5838: 5832: 5830: 5827:Government and 5824: 5823: 5820: 5819: 5817: 5816: 5811: 5806: 5801: 5796: 5791: 5786: 5781: 5776: 5774:Siddeley-Deasy 5771: 5766: 5761: 5756: 5751: 5746: 5741: 5736: 5731: 5726: 5721: 5716: 5711: 5706: 5701: 5696: 5691: 5686: 5681: 5679:Miles Aircraft 5676: 5671: 5666: 5665: 5664: 5654: 5649: 5647:Luton Aircraft 5644: 5639: 5634: 5629: 5624: 5619: 5614: 5609: 5604: 5599: 5594: 5589: 5584: 5579: 5574: 5569: 5564: 5559: 5554: 5549: 5544: 5539: 5534: 5529: 5524: 5519: 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4503: 4494: 4480: 4449: 4435: 4405: 4387: 4373: 4362:on 2 June 2015 4343: 4320: 4295: 4284: 4270: 4252: 4227: 4202: 4177: 4163: 4145: 4122: 4104: 4076: 4057: 4031: 4003: 3977: 3955: 3941: 3916: 3902: 3891: 3881:Vectorsite.net 3873: 3848: 3837:. 19 July 2023 3822: 3810: 3801: 3792: 3783: 3771: 3759: 3750: 3741: 3732: 3723: 3714: 3705: 3696: 3687: 3678: 3669: 3660: 3651: 3642: 3633: 3624: 3615: 3606: 3597: 3588: 3579: 3570: 3561: 3549: 3540: 3531: 3505: 3479: 3454: 3423: 3397: 3375: 3349: 3323: 3311: 3285: 3259: 3232: 3207: 3196:. Defense News 3185: 3173: 3148: 3124: 3102: 3091:. 29 June 2016 3076: 3053: 3052: 3050: 3047: 3046: 3045: 3039: 3038: 3022: 3019: 3002: 2999: 2963: 2960: 2931: 2928: 2924:Swift Aircraft 2920: 2919:Swift Aircraft 2917: 2899:aircraft seats 2878: 2875: 2833: 2830: 2818: 2815: 2813:among others. 2781:(production), 2763: 2760: 2752: 2749: 2745:ejection seats 2737: 2734: 2717: 2714: 2702: 2699: 2640: 2637: 2619: 2616: 2595:United Kingdom 2582: 2579: 2559: 2556: 2497: 2494: 2486:United Kingdom 2481: 2480:AgustaWestland 2478: 2476: 2473: 2472: 2471: 2464: 2424: 2421: 2420: 2419: 2413: 2407: 2401: 2395: 2383: 2380: 2379: 2378: 2375: 2371: 2359: 2345: 2331: 2311: 2308: 2307: 2306: 2300: 2294: 2280: 2274: 2268: 2262: 2256: 2250: 2244: 2226: 2223: 2222: 2221: 2207: 2203: 2199: 2195: 2189: 2183: 2182: 2181: 2174: 2161: 2160: 2159: 2155: 2151: 2144: 2141: 2132: 2126: 2117: 2113:SEPECAT Jaguar 2103: 2097: 2067: 2064: 2063: 2062: 2056: 2046: 2024: 2021: 2020: 2019: 2013: 2003: 1997: 1987: 1973: 1963: 1956:QinetiQ Zephyr 1953: 1943: 1933: 1927: 1913: 1895: 1892: 1891: 1890: 1884: 1870: 1864: 1857: 1851: 1844: 1836: 1833: 1832: 1831: 1817:Challenger 650 1804:(formerly the 1795: 1789: 1768: 1765: 1763: 1760: 1759: 1758: 1755: 1749: 1741: 1738: 1737: 1736: 1730: 1724: 1716: 1713: 1712: 1711: 1708: 1702: 1696: 1689: 1682: 1676: 1669: 1666: 1660: 1654: 1651: 1642: 1639: 1638: 1637: 1630: 1623: 1608: 1601: 1595: 1589: 1586: 1571: 1568: 1567: 1566: 1560: 1553: 1547: 1541: 1535: 1529: 1522: 1503: 1500: 1499: 1498: 1492: 1486: 1480: 1474: 1467: 1461: 1455: 1437: 1434: 1433: 1432: 1426: 1420: 1418:SEPECAT Jaguar 1414: 1408: 1402: 1396: 1390: 1384: 1378: 1372: 1366: 1360: 1342: 1339: 1338: 1337: 1331: 1325: 1319: 1313: 1307: 1305:Fairey Delta 2 1301: 1295: 1289: 1283: 1277: 1271: 1265: 1259: 1253: 1247: 1241: 1223: 1220: 1219: 1218: 1212: 1206: 1200: 1194: 1188: 1182: 1174: 1171: 1170: 1169: 1163: 1145: 1142: 1141: 1140: 1134: 1128: 1125: 1118: 1112: 1109: 1102: 1096: 1090: 1084: 1083:company formed 1058:Basil Zaharoff 1019: 1016: 1007:Short Brothers 1002: 999: 952: 951:Civil aviation 949: 947: 944: 919: 916: 847: 844: 789: 788:Civil aviation 786: 690: 687: 685:or technical. 659:G & J Weir 645: 642: 634:S. 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Saunders 611:Short Brothers 595:Richard Fairey 591:Thomas Sopwith 574: 571: 570: 569: 559: 553: 545: 542: 541: 540: 534: 524: 523:is established 519:1890: British 517: 510: 507:Aerial Steamer 503: 487: 484: 466: 463: 460: 459: 439: 437: 426: 423: 413: 412: 409: 406: 403: 399: 398: 393: 388: 383: 377: 376: 369: 366: 350:Golden Jubilee 284:Gloster Meteor 50:Britten-Norman 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 8549: 8538: 8535: 8533: 8530: 8529: 8527: 8506: 8505: 8496: 8494: 8493: 8484: 8483: 8480: 8474: 8471: 8469: 8466: 8464: 8461: 8459: 8456: 8454: 8451: 8450: 8448: 8444: 8438: 8435: 8433: 8432:Silicon Gorge 8430: 8428: 8425: 8423: 8420: 8418: 8417:Science parks 8415: 8413: 8410: 8408: 8405: 8403: 8400: 8399: 8397: 8393: 8387: 8384: 8382: 8379: 8377: 8374: 8372: 8369: 8367: 8364: 8362: 8359: 8358: 8356: 8352: 8342: 8339: 8337: 8334: 8332: 8331:EngineeringUK 8329: 8327: 8324: 8323: 8321: 8319: 8315: 8309: 8306: 8304: 8301: 8299: 8296: 8294: 8291: 8289: 8286: 8284: 8283:Royal Society 8281: 8277: 8274: 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7810: 7808: 7805: 7803: 7800: 7799: 7797: 7795:organisations 7789: 7775: 7772: 7770: 7767: 7766: 7765: 7762: 7760: 7757: 7756: 7755: 7752: 7750: 7747: 7745: 7742: 7738: 7735: 7733: 7730: 7729: 7728: 7725: 7721: 7718: 7716: 7713: 7711: 7708: 7706: 7703: 7702: 7700: 7696: 7693: 7691: 7688: 7686: 7683: 7681: 7678: 7677: 7676: 7675:Manufacturing 7673: 7671: 7668: 7666: 7663: 7659: 7656: 7654: 7651: 7649: 7646: 7644: 7641: 7639: 7636: 7634: 7631: 7630: 7629: 7625: 7621: 7618: 7617: 7616: 7613: 7612: 7610: 7606: 7598: 7595: 7594: 7593: 7590: 7588: 7585: 7583: 7580: 7578: 7575: 7573: 7570: 7566: 7563: 7562: 7561: 7558: 7556: 7553: 7551: 7548: 7546: 7543: 7541: 7538: 7534: 7531: 7529: 7528:List of banks 7526: 7525: 7524: 7521: 7519: 7516: 7515: 7513: 7511: 7505: 7497: 7494: 7492: 7489: 7488: 7486: 7480: 7477: 7475: 7472: 7470: 7467: 7466: 7464: 7460: 7457: 7455: 7452: 7450: 7447: 7446: 7445: 7442: 7441: 7440: 7437: 7433: 7430: 7428: 7425: 7423: 7422:North Sea oil 7420: 7418: 7415: 7413: 7410: 7408: 7405: 7403: 7400: 7398: 7395: 7393: 7390: 7389: 7388: 7384: 7381: 7380: 7378: 7376: 7370: 7367: 7363: 7357: 7354: 7350: 7347: 7346: 7345: 7344:Trades unions 7342: 7340: 7337: 7333: 7330: 7328: 7325: 7323: 7320: 7319: 7318: 7315: 7311: 7308: 7307: 7306: 7303: 7301: 7298: 7296: 7293: 7291: 7288: 7287: 7285: 7279: 7269: 7266: 7264: 7261: 7259: 7256: 7254: 7251: 7249: 7246: 7244: 7241: 7239: 7236: 7232: 7226: 7223: 7221: 7218: 7217: 7215: 7213: 7209: 7203: 7200: 7198: 7195: 7193: 7190: 7188: 7185: 7183: 7180: 7178: 7175: 7173: 7170: 7168: 7165: 7163: 7160: 7158: 7155: 7153: 7150: 7148: 7145: 7144: 7142: 7140: 7136: 7130: 7127: 7125: 7122: 7121: 7119: 7117: 7111: 7105: 7102: 7100: 7097: 7095: 7092: 7090: 7087: 7085: 7082: 7080: 7077: 7075: 7072: 7070: 7067: 7065: 7062: 7060: 7057: 7055: 7052: 7048: 7045: 7043: 7040: 7039: 7038: 7035: 7033: 7030: 7028: 7025: 7023: 7020: 7018: 7015: 7013: 7010: 7008: 7005: 7003: 7000: 6998: 6995: 6993: 6990: 6988: 6985: 6981: 6980:Big City Plan 6978: 6977: 6976: 6973: 6971: 6968: 6967: 6965: 6963: 6959: 6956: 6948: 6938: 6935: 6933: 6932:Privatisation 6930: 6928: 6925: 6923: 6920: 6918: 6915: 6913: 6912:Gold standard 6910: 6908: 6905: 6903: 6900: 6899: 6897: 6893: 6887: 6884: 6880: 6877: 6876: 6875: 6872: 6869: 6865: 6862: 6860: 6857: 6855: 6852: 6850: 6847: 6845: 6842: 6840: 6839:1986 Big Bang 6837: 6835: 6832: 6830: 6827: 6825: 6822: 6820: 6817: 6815: 6812: 6810: 6807: 6805: 6802: 6800: 6797: 6795: 6792: 6790: 6787: 6785: 6782: 6780: 6777: 6775: 6772: 6770: 6767: 6766: 6764: 6762:Chronological 6760: 6757: 6755: 6751: 6745: 6742: 6740: 6737: 6735: 6732: 6728: 6725: 6723: 6720: 6719: 6718: 6715: 6713: 6710: 6706: 6703: 6701: 6698: 6697: 6696: 6693: 6691: 6688: 6686: 6683: 6681: 6678: 6676: 6673: 6671: 6668: 6666: 6663: 6661: 6658: 6654: 6651: 6649: 6646: 6645: 6644: 6641: 6640: 6638: 6630: 6624: 6621: 6619: 6616: 6614: 6611: 6609: 6606: 6604: 6601: 6599: 6596: 6594: 6593:Co-operatives 6591: 6590: 6588: 6584: 6580: 6573: 6568: 6566: 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5895: 5893: 5890: 5888: 5887:ParcAberporth 5885: 5883: 5880: 5878: 5877:NATS Holdings 5875: 5873: 5870: 5868: 5865: 5864: 5862: 5858: 5852: 5849: 5847: 5844: 5842: 5839: 5837: 5834: 5833: 5831: 5825: 5815: 5812: 5810: 5807: 5805: 5802: 5800: 5797: 5795: 5792: 5790: 5787: 5785: 5782: 5780: 5777: 5775: 5772: 5770: 5767: 5765: 5764:SELEX Galileo 5762: 5760: 5757: 5755: 5752: 5750: 5747: 5745: 5742: 5740: 5737: 5735: 5732: 5730: 5727: 5725: 5722: 5720: 5717: 5715: 5712: 5710: 5707: 5705: 5702: 5700: 5697: 5695: 5692: 5690: 5687: 5685: 5682: 5680: 5677: 5675: 5672: 5670: 5667: 5663: 5660: 5659: 5658: 5655: 5653: 5650: 5648: 5645: 5643: 5640: 5638: 5635: 5633: 5630: 5628: 5625: 5623: 5620: 5618: 5615: 5613: 5610: 5608: 5605: 5603: 5600: 5598: 5595: 5593: 5590: 5588: 5587:Grahame-White 5585: 5583: 5580: 5578: 5575: 5573: 5570: 5568: 5565: 5563: 5560: 5558: 5555: 5553: 5550: 5548: 5545: 5543: 5540: 5538: 5535: 5533: 5530: 5528: 5525: 5523: 5520: 5518: 5515: 5513: 5510: 5508: 5505: 5503: 5500: 5496: 5493: 5491: 5488: 5487: 5486: 5483: 5481: 5480:Dart Aircraft 5478: 5476: 5473: 5471: 5468: 5466: 5463: 5461: 5458: 5456: 5453: 5451: 5448: 5446: 5445:BTR Aerospace 5443: 5441: 5438: 5436: 5433: 5431: 5428: 5426: 5423: 5421: 5418: 5416: 5413: 5411: 5408: 5406: 5403: 5401: 5398: 5396: 5393: 5391: 5388: 5386: 5383: 5381: 5378: 5376: 5373: 5371: 5368: 5366: 5363: 5361: 5358: 5356: 5353: 5351: 5348: 5346: 5343: 5341: 5338: 5336: 5333: 5331: 5328: 5326: 5323: 5321: 5318: 5316: 5313: 5312: 5310: 5306: 5300: 5297: 5295: 5292: 5290: 5287: 5285: 5282: 5280: 5277: 5275: 5272: 5270: 5267: 5265: 5262: 5260: 5257: 5255: 5252: 5250: 5247: 5245: 5242: 5240: 5237: 5235: 5232: 5230: 5227: 5225: 5222: 5220: 5217: 5215: 5212: 5210: 5207: 5205: 5202: 5200: 5197: 5195: 5192: 5190: 5187: 5185: 5182: 5180: 5177: 5175: 5172: 5170: 5167: 5165: 5164:Draken Europe 5162: 5158: 5155: 5154: 5153: 5150: 5148: 5145: 5143: 5140: 5138: 5135: 5133: 5130: 5128: 5125: 5120: 5116: 5113: 5110: 5107: 5105: 5102: 5101: 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2884: 2883:Messier-Dowty 2874: 2871: 2869: 2865: 2860: 2855: 2851: 2847: 2838: 2829: 2827: 2823: 2814: 2812: 2808: 2804: 2800: 2796: 2792: 2788: 2784: 2780: 2776: 2772: 2768: 2759: 2757: 2748: 2746: 2742: 2733: 2731: 2727: 2726:Isle of Wight 2723: 2713: 2711: 2707: 2698: 2696: 2692: 2688: 2684: 2680: 2676: 2672: 2668: 2664: 2660: 2656: 2649: 2645: 2636: 2634: 2630: 2625: 2615: 2612: 2607: 2603: 2596: 2592: 2587: 2578: 2576: 2572: 2568: 2564: 2555: 2553: 2549: 2545: 2540: 2538: 2534: 2530: 2526: 2522: 2518: 2514: 2510: 2502: 2493: 2491: 2487: 2469: 2465: 2462: 2458: 2454: 2450: 2446: 2442: 2438: 2435: 2431: 2427: 2426: 2417: 2416:Solar Orbiter 2414: 2411: 2408: 2405: 2402: 2399: 2396: 2393: 2389: 2386: 2385: 2376: 2372: 2369: 2365: 2360: 2357: 2353: 2349: 2346: 2343: 2339: 2335: 2332: 2329: 2326:radar of the 2325: 2321: 2317: 2314: 2313: 2304: 2301: 2298: 2295: 2292: 2288: 2284: 2281: 2278: 2275: 2272: 2269: 2266: 2263: 2260: 2257: 2254: 2251: 2248: 2245: 2242: 2239: 2238: 2235: 2231: 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Petter 1033: 1029: 1025: 1015: 1013: 1008: 998: 994: 992: 989: 985: 981: 977: 972: 971: 967: 963: 959: 943: 939: 935: 932: 928: 925: 915: 911: 908: 907:Henry Maybury 903: 900: 895: 892: 890: 886: 881: 878: 876: 872: 869:in 1919 with 868: 863: 861: 856: 854: 843: 840: 835: 833: 829: 824: 822: 818: 814: 809: 807: 803: 799: 798:Tommy Sopwith 795: 785: 783: 779: 775: 771: 770:Tommy Sopwith 767: 763: 758: 756: 752: 748: 744: 740: 734: 731: 727: 723: 719: 713: 711: 707: 702: 700: 696: 686: 682: 680: 676: 672: 668: 664: 660: 656: 650: 641: 639: 635: 630: 628: 624: 620: 616: 612: 608: 604: 600: 596: 592: 588: 583: 581: 568: 564: 560: 558: 554: 552: 548: 547: 539: 535: 533: 529: 525: 522: 518: 515: 511: 508: 504: 502: 498: 494: 490: 489: 483: 481: 475: 473: 456: 447: 443: 440:This section 438: 435: 431: 430: 422: 420: 410: 407: 404: 401: 400: 397: 394: 392: 389: 387: 384: 382: 379: 378: 374: 373: 362: 357: 351: 347: 343: 338: 334: 332: 327: 325: 321: 317: 313: 309: 305: 301: 297: 293: 289: 285: 281: 277: 273: 267: 266: 262: 258: 254: 250: 249:Eurojet EJ200 246: 242: 238: 234: 233:Airbus Zephyr 230: 226: 222: 218: 214: 210: 206: 202: 198: 194: 190: 186: 182: 178: 174: 170: 166: 162: 158: 154: 150: 146: 142: 137: 136:subsidiary). 135: 132:(through its 131: 127: 124:subsidiary), 123: 120:(through its 119: 116:subsidiary), 115: 112:(through its 111: 107: 104:subsidiary), 103: 100:(through its 99: 96:subsidiary), 95: 92:(through its 91: 87: 83: 80:(through its 79: 75: 71: 67: 63: 59: 55: 51: 47: 43: 40:subsidiary), 39: 36:(through its 35: 30: 28: 24: 19: 8497: 8485: 8427:Silicon Glen 8197:professional 8169:Universities 8134:governmental 8085: 7744:Supermarkets 7710:Construction 7705:Architecture 7679: 7540:Canary Wharf 7373:Resource and 7356:Unemployment 7327:Minimum wage 7290:Billionaires 7187:Silicon Glen 7059:M11 Corridor 6528: 6519: 6510: 6489: 6480: 6471: 6455: 6366:de Havilland 6285:Handley Page 6042: 5749:Saunders-Roe 5592:Handley Page 5485:de Havilland 5315:ADC Aircraft 5224:Martin-Baker 5194:GFS Projects 5127:BBA Aviation 5067:AD Aerospace 5027: 4971:. 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