292:
601:
140:
107:
655:
152:
121:
46:
40:
437:
was discovered at dawn by Pellew's squadron. Pellew immediately ordered his ships to give chase while Thévenard turned away in an effort to reach the shoreline before the larger
British squadron could overwhelm his ship. Pellew's squadron was however to windward of the French ship, thus cutting it
754:
in
Britain caused a stir among naval architects as the frigate was significantly larger than those produced in Britain at the time. The ship was extensively planned and modelled and a ship was commissioned for the Royal Navy to the design of
781:
was promoted to commander. Pellew, in his report on the action, stated that "the cripped state of the Enemy allows me the
Opportunity of saying, that her Resiliance could have been of no Avail, had the Artois been alone", but historian
1169:
794:
was extensive: part payment of ÂŁ10,000 (ÂŁ1,451,165 as of 2024) was made in
January 1795, the reward shared between the entire squadron. Pellew, who had been knighted the previous year following the
1164:
469:
was the first to reach the combat, Smith ranging his ship up below Thévenard's stern and firing two warning shots to indicate that unless the French ship surrendered he would fire a devastating
733:
249:
Pellew ordered his ships to give chase, as Thévenard fled towards the French coast before the
British numerical supremacy. One British ship was faster than the others, the 38-gun HMS
220:
had formed a frigate squadron to patrol the French
Channel and Atlantic coasts in search of French raiders. On 13 October 1794, the large, modern and powerful 40-gun French frigate
269:
until support arrived, at which point the French frigate's crew surrendered their ship in defiance of their captain's orders. Casualties and damage were light on both sides, and
728:
taken from the French frigate. Subsequently, the light damage the ship had suffered enabled the Royal Navy to rapidly purchase and commission the frigate as the 38-gun HMS
399:. All four ships had specially selected crews and equipment and the squadron formed the elite force of the Channel Fleet's light warships. Pellew led his squadron out of
403:
on 19 October with the intention of cruising off the entrance to Brest and intercepting shipping entering or leaving the port. The French fleet, its principal squadrons
747:
378:
798:, was reported to be unhappy that Nagle had been honoured for his part in this action and complained to the Admiralty about the condition and speed of
760:
291:
457:
on the quarterdeck, and Nagle was able to bring his frigate alongside the slightly larger French vessel. For forty minutes the two frigates traded
216:. French frigates had been raiding British Atlantic trade routes with considerable success since the outbreak of the war, and in response the
332:, was in a state of political turmoil during the early years of the war, suffering a mutiny in August 1793, and then defeat at the battle of
511:
carried aboard. Broadside weight records the combined weight of shot which could be fired in a single simultaneous discharge of an entire
485:, and although Thévenard wished to continue the engagement, his men refused and the French captain was forced to surrender. At the point
336:
in 1794. In spite of these difficulties, the independent raiders caused considerable damage to
British commerce, and in response the
417:
with a hastily assembled and disaffected crew and a main battery of 18–pounder cannon, which departed from the
Channel port of
344:
to cruise the French coastline in search of these raiders. This force, known as the flying squadron and initially commanded by
234:
for a raiding cruise against
British trade routes in the Atlantic. Eight days later, while rounding the Breton headland of
144:
442:
swung southeast in an effort to outdistance the
British squadron and pull ahead of Pellew's ships in the hazy weather.
1138:
1116:
1094:
1071:
429:
On 21 October, eight days after leaving Le Havre, and between 25–30 nautical miles (56 km) off the island of
1104:
783:
742:
504:
279:
324:
against British trade routes in the Eastern Atlantic. The French Atlantic fleet, based at the fortified port of
786:
was more reserved, noting in 1827 that the ships "would have been a well matched pair of combatants, had the
296:
639:
408:
221:
665:
611:
407:
in Brest, continued to send raiders to sea. One such ship, was the large newly commissioned 40-gun frigate
503:
carried by the ship, including the maindeck guns which were taken into consideration when calculating its
647:
414:
227:
156:
1159:
246:, which had secured a number of victories over French raiding frigates during the previous two years.
213:
30:
806:
313:
112:
349:
345:
704:
lost five men killed and four wounded, including Thévenard who had suffered minor wounds, while
795:
333:
750:, and remained in the Royal Navy throughout the following 21 years of warfare. The arrival of
1042:
396:
309:
125:
899:
1059:
778:
277:, joining the squadron that had captured her and subsequently capturing the French frigate
1019:
8:
489:
surrendered, breakers from the waves striking the Saints Rocks could be seen dead ahead.
360:
802:, requesting a faster vessel. The following year he would receive command of the 44-gun
1083:
1024:
986:
904:
717:
389:
1134:
1112:
1090:
1067:
584:
512:
458:
367:
356:
337:
243:
217:
725:
453:
was a strong modern frigate with a main battery of 9–pounder cannon and 32–pounder
385:
348:, achieved a number of successes in the first year of the war, most notably in the
1046:
39:
1126:
992:
774:
301:
261:
off from the shore and bringing the larger French ship to action. For 45 minutes
997:
993:"The Annual RPI and Average Earnings for Britain, 1209 to Present (New Series)"
78:
1153:
709:
341:
325:
201:
593:
374:
254:
708:
was the only British ship engaged, losing two sailors and a lieutenant of
791:
470:
465:
enough that the rest of Pellew's squadron could come up. Captain Smith's
400:
317:
45:
454:
355:
By the autumn of 1794, the squadron was under the command of Commodore
321:
274:
52:
Map of the region, the approximate location of the action marked in red
1170:
Naval battles of the French Revolutionary Wars involving Great Britain
721:
508:
404:
1064:
The Royal Navy, A History from the Earliest Times to 1900, Volume IV
418:
329:
231:
209:
766:, as the ship was eventually named, was not launched until 1814.
736:
and attach the ship to Pellew's squadron. Eighteen months later,
242:
encountered the British frigate squadron, commanded by Commodore
1165:
Naval battles of the French Revolutionary Wars involving France
500:
461:, Nagle's fire damaging the French ship's rigging and slowing
430:
235:
205:
74:
803:
16:
Minor naval engagement during the French Revolutionary Wars
320:
immediately launched squadrons, individual cruisers and
1109:
The Naval History of Great Britain, Volume 1, 1793–1796
712:
killed and five men wounded. Pellew's squadron brought
421:
on 13 October, sailing westwards towards the Atlantic.
438:
off from the relative safety of the shore and instead
759:, although severe delays at the shipyards meant that
559:
554:
547:
542:
527:
522:
537:
532:
238:
about 25–30 nautical miles (56 km) out to sea,
1082:
1151:
352:, when a French frigate squadron was destroyed.
103:
720:immediately, having discovered an outbreak of
212:coast of France during the second year of the
1080:
979:
1048:The Naval History of Great Britain, Vol. I
634:
989:inflation figures are based on data from
1018:
954:
952:
898:
864:
862:
860:
576:
571:
566:
340:ordered a squadron of frigates from the
290:
1125:
1041:
933:
931:
740:fought and captured the French frigate
688:
1152:
1058:
970:
940:
921:
919:
917:
915:
876:
874:
449:, was however faster than the others.
1103:
990:
949:
894:
892:
890:
888:
886:
857:
700:Casualties were light on both sides;
433:at the tip of the Breton Peninsula,
200:was a minor naval engagement between
961:
928:
499:In this table, "Guns" refers to all
492:
1012:
912:
871:
848:
839:
830:
821:
13:
883:
273:was rapidly commissioned into the
14:
1181:
1111:. London: Conway Maritime Press.
769:In reward for his action against
908:. 25 October 1794. p. 1068.
653:
599:
283:at the action of 13 April 1796.
150:
138:
119:
105:
44:
38:
1035:
1081:Henderson CBE, James (1994) .
1066:. London: Chatham Publishing.
1028:. 20 January 1795. p. 77.
473:into the French ship's stern.
1:
815:
732:under the command of Captain
519:
445:One British frigate, Nagle's
297:Portrait of Sir Edward Pellew
286:
226:under the command of Captain
695:
689:Source: Clowes, p. 487
683:
680:
677:
674:
669:
663:
660:
651:
629:
626:
623:
620:
615:
609:
606:
597:
7:
10:
1186:
687:
645:
638:
637:
633:
591:
583:
582:
565:
521:
424:
312:'s declaration of war on
214:French Revolutionary Wars
198:action of 21 October 1794
175:
162:
131:
97:
56:
36:
31:French Revolutionary Wars
28:
24:Action of 21 October 1794
23:
1133:. Constable Publishers.
671:403 pounds (183 kg)
617:370 pounds (170 kg)
991:Clark, Gregory (2017).
777:, and First Lieutenant
748:action of 12 April 1796
350:action of 23 April 1794
346:Sir John Borlase Warren
1053:edward pelham brenton.
1043:Brenton, Edward Pelham
796:action of 18 June 1793
648:Antoine René Thévenard
415:Antoine René Thévenard
334:Glorious First of June
316:in February 1793, the
305:
228:Antoine René Thévenard
132:Commanders and leaders
1060:Clowes, William Laird
397:Richard Goodwin Keats
294:
176:Casualties and losses
779:Robert Dudley Oliver
1051:. London: C. Rice.
773:, Nagle was made a
1025:The London Gazette
987:Retail Price Index
946:James, Vol.1, p.32
905:The London Gazette
790:been alone." The
481:were close behind
306:
190:1 frigate captured
1160:Conflicts in 1794
693:
692:
672:
618:
579:
574:
569:
562:
557:
552:
545:
540:
535:
530:
525:
517:
507:, as well as any
493:Combatant summary
366:, accompanied by
357:Sir Edward Pellew
244:Sir Edward Pellew
194:
193:
157:Antoine Thévenard
93:
92:
1177:
1144:
1131:The Sea Warriors
1127:Woodman, Richard
1122:
1100:
1088:
1077:
1055:
1030:
1029:
1016:
1010:
1009:
1007:
1005:
983:
977:
974:
968:
965:
959:
956:
947:
944:
938:
935:
926:
923:
910:
909:
896:
881:
880:Henderson, p. 18
878:
869:
866:
855:
854:Henderson, p. 17
852:
846:
843:
837:
834:
828:
825:
726:prisoners of war
670:
658:
657:
656:
616:
604:
603:
602:
577:
572:
567:
560:
555:
548:
543:
538:
533:
528:
523:
520:
497:
471:raking broadside
386:Sir Sidney Smith
155:
154:
153:
143:
142:
141:
124:
123:
122:
115:
111:
109:
108:
58:
57:
48:
42:
21:
20:
1185:
1184:
1180:
1179:
1178:
1176:
1175:
1174:
1150:
1149:
1141:
1119:
1097:
1074:
1038:
1033:
1017:
1013:
1003:
1001:
984:
980:
976:Brenton, p. 224
975:
971:
967:Gardiner, p. 54
966:
962:
957:
950:
945:
941:
936:
929:
924:
913:
897:
884:
879:
872:
867:
858:
853:
849:
845:Gardiner, p. 37
844:
840:
835:
831:
826:
822:
818:
775:Knight Bachelor
771:RĂ©volutionnaire
757:RĂ©volutionnaire
752:RĂ©volutionnaire
738:RĂ©volutionnaire
730:RĂ©volutionnaire
714:RĂ©volutionnaire
702:RĂ©volutionnaire
698:
654:
652:
641:RĂ©volutionnaire
600:
598:
550:
495:
487:RĂ©volutionnaire
463:RĂ©volutionnaire
440:RĂ©volutionnaire
435:RĂ©volutionnaire
427:
410:RĂ©volutionnaire
359:in the frigate
310:French Republic
302:Thomas Lawrence
289:
271:RĂ©volutionnaire
267:RĂ©volutionnaire
259:RĂ©volutionnaire
240:RĂ©volutionnaire
223:RĂ©volutionnaire
208:fought off the
189:
187:
182:
151:
149:
139:
137:
120:
118:
106:
104:
89:British victory
81:
64:21 October 1794
51:
50:
49:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1183:
1173:
1172:
1167:
1162:
1146:
1145:
1139:
1123:
1117:
1105:James, William
1101:
1095:
1089:. Leo Cooper.
1078:
1072:
1056:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1031:
1011:
998:MeasuringWorth
978:
969:
960:
948:
939:
927:
925:Woodman, p. 48
911:
882:
870:
868:Clowes, p. 487
856:
847:
838:
829:
827:Woodman, p. 20
819:
817:
814:
697:
694:
691:
690:
686:
685:
682:
679:
676:
673:
668:
662:
659:
650:
644:
636:
635:
632:
631:
628:
625:
622:
619:
614:
608:
605:
596:
590:
581:
580:
575:
570:
564:
563:
558:
553:
546:
541:
536:
531:
526:
494:
491:
426:
423:
413:under Captain
395:under Captain
384:under Captain
373:under Captain
308:Following the
288:
285:
253:under Captain
192:
191:
184:
178:
177:
173:
172:
169:
165:
164:
160:
159:
147:
134:
133:
129:
128:
116:
100:
99:
95:
94:
91:
90:
87:
83:
82:
79:Atlantic Ocean
72:
70:
66:
65:
62:
54:
53:
43:
37:
34:
33:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1182:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1157:
1155:
1148:
1142:
1140:1-84119-183-3
1136:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1118:0-85177-905-0
1114:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1096:0-85052-432-6
1092:
1087:
1086:
1079:
1075:
1073:1-86176-013-2
1069:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1054:
1050:
1049:
1044:
1040:
1039:
1027:
1026:
1021:
1015:
1000:
999:
994:
988:
982:
973:
964:
958:James, p. 212
955:
953:
943:
937:James, p. 211
934:
932:
922:
920:
918:
916:
907:
906:
901:
895:
893:
891:
889:
887:
877:
875:
865:
863:
861:
851:
842:
833:
824:
820:
813:
812:as a result.
811:
810:
809:Indefatigable
805:
801:
797:
793:
789:
785:
784:William James
780:
776:
772:
767:
765:
764:
758:
753:
749:
745:
744:
739:
735:
731:
727:
723:
719:
715:
711:
710:Royal Marines
707:
703:
667:
649:
643:
642:
613:
595:
589:
588:
518:
516:
514:
510:
506:
502:
490:
488:
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
456:
452:
448:
443:
441:
436:
432:
422:
420:
416:
412:
411:
406:
402:
398:
394:
393:
387:
383:
382:
376:
372:
371:
365:
364:
358:
353:
351:
347:
343:
342:Channel Fleet
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
315:
314:Great Britain
311:
303:
299:
298:
293:
284:
282:
281:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
252:
247:
245:
241:
237:
233:
229:
225:
224:
219:
215:
211:
207:
203:
202:Great Britain
199:
185:
180:
179:
174:
170:
167:
166:
161:
158:
148:
146:
145:Edward Pellew
136:
135:
130:
127:
117:
114:
113:Great Britain
102:
101:
96:
88:
85:
84:
80:
76:
71:
68:
67:
63:
60:
59:
55:
47:
41:
35:
32:
27:
22:
19:
1147:
1130:
1108:
1085:The Frigates
1084:
1063:
1052:
1047:
1036:Bibliography
1023:
1014:
1002:. Retrieved
996:
981:
972:
963:
942:
903:
850:
841:
836:James, p. 58
832:
823:
808:
799:
787:
770:
768:
762:
756:
751:
741:
737:
734:Francis Cole
729:
713:
705:
701:
699:
640:
594:Edmund Nagle
586:
498:
496:
486:
482:
478:
474:
466:
462:
450:
446:
444:
439:
434:
428:
409:
391:
380:
375:Edmund Nagle
369:
362:
354:
307:
295:
278:
270:
266:
262:
258:
255:Edmund Nagle
250:
248:
239:
230:sailed from
222:
197:
195:
98:Belligerents
29:Part of the
18:
1020:"No. 13745"
900:"No. 13717"
792:prize money
401:Cawsand Bay
318:French Navy
1154:Categories
816:References
724:among the
561:Casualties
556:Complement
529:Commander
509:carronades
459:broadsides
455:carronades
322:privateers
287:Background
275:Royal Navy
188:5 wounded
168:4 frigates
1107:(2002) .
1062:(1997) .
1045:(1837) .
722:small pox
696:Aftermath
549:Broadside
513:broadside
405:blockaded
338:Admiralty
218:Admiralty
186:8 killed
183:5 wounded
181:3 killed
171:1 frigate
1129:(2001).
800:Arethusa
718:Falmouth
716:back to
646:Captain
592:Captain
573:Wounded
475:Arethusa
419:Le Havre
363:Arethusa
330:Brittany
304:, c.1797
265:battled
257:cutting
232:Le Havre
163:Strength
69:Location
746:at the
568:Killed
483:Diamond
479:Galatea
467:Diamond
392:Galatea
381:Diamond
1137:
1115:
1093:
1070:
788:Artois
706:Artois
587:Artois
551:weight
501:cannon
451:Artois
447:Artois
431:Ushant
425:Battle
370:Artois
263:Artois
251:Artois
236:Ushant
210:Breton
206:France
126:France
110:
86:Result
75:Ushant
1004:7 May
804:razee
763:Forte
743:Unité
578:Total
544:Tons
539:Guns
534:Navy
524:Ship
326:Brest
280:Unité
1135:ISBN
1113:ISBN
1091:ISBN
1068:ISBN
1006:2024
807:HMS
761:HMS
675:351
664:1148
621:281
585:HMS
505:rate
477:and
390:HMS
388:and
379:HMS
368:HMS
361:HMS
204:and
196:The
73:Off
61:Date
985:UK
684:13
661:44
610:996
607:44
328:in
300:by
1156::
1022:.
995:.
951:^
930:^
914:^
902:.
885:^
873:^
859:^
681:5
678:8
666:bm
630:8
627:5
624:3
612:bm
377:,
77:,
1143:.
1121:.
1099:.
1076:.
1008:.
515:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
_-_Sir_Edward_Pellew,_Lord_Exmouth_-_ZBA0434_-_Royal_Museums_Greenwich.jpg)